The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

o LAND AGITATION IN NORTH WALES. A well-attended meeting of tenant farmers on the Flint- shire estates of the Duke of Westminster, Lord Denbigh, Lord Mostyn, Sir Pecer Mostyn, and other landowners was held at Holyweil on Friday eveniitg to consider the unsatisfactory state of the Land Laws, the excessive rents charged, and the best means of bringing the same under the notice of Parliament next session. Mr Edward Jones, Isglan Farm, presided, and farmers who had ranged themselves with both political parties in the recent county election were present. The speakers insisted that nothing less than a drastic measure of land reform similar to that obtained for Ireland would satisfy the wants or the Welsh people and it was decided to agitate for a Land Act for Wales. On the question of excessive rents, it was tacitly agreed among the farmers that when an over-rented farm be- came vacant they should discountenance competition from the tenantry, and, by leaving the farm on the landlord's hands, thus tnforee a reduction of rent. it t was mentioned that the Duke of Westminster had re- turned 25 per cent. to the tenants on his estate at the last rent audit but that was not satisfactory, as it did not result in a corresponding reduction of rates and tithes. It was resolved to 1 ;ld aao;uer meeting next market-day and to placard the district with statements of the farmers grievances.

REVIEW OF THE BRITISH CORN TRADE. With the exception of two bright balmy and spring- like days- Tuesday and Wednesday—the weather during the past week has been dull and foggy, with varying temperature, but on the whole unreasonably mild. Tnere is not much doing on the land, which, however, is not generally so wet as might be imagined. The humidity of the atmosphere has caused grain of all kinds to hand in poor condition, and values for wheat have been irregularly in favour of buyers, both in London and in the provinces, some pressure to sell having been apparent. The sales of English wheat noted last week were 6,085 qrs. at 30s. 5d., against 54,(111) qrs. in the corresponding week of last year. The London average for the week ended with Tuesday was 33s. on 1,413t qrs. Flour comes forward freely, and values remain unchanged. Barleys have generally maintained values under a very dragging sale, but inferior descriptions have occasionally been quoted lower in country markets. The inquiry for fine malt has been sustained. Old oats and old beans remain fully as dear, and appear to be rather scarce. The receipts of breadstuffs into London during the week ended with Friday have comprised 3?),5fifl qrs. from Russia (Black Sea ports), 8,120 qrs. from Turkey, 5,715 qrs. from India, 4,434 qrs. from Germany, 2,614 qrs. from Australia, 2,01i8 qrs. from United Scates Atlantic ports, and 117 qrs. from France, together, 58,067 qrs. foreign, which, with 4,784 qrs English and flour equal to 35,533 qrs. of wheat, made a total equal to 98,984 qrs'. of wheat for the week. In Liverpool the spot trade has declined Id. each day, making 2d. per cental lower quotations.—Mark Lam Express.

LANDOWNERS IN FRANCE. Mr A. R. Wallace writes to the Daily News :— In your report of the annual meeting of the Central Chamber of Agriculture, the President is said to have stated that there were no fewer than 4,000,000 land- owners in France," and the statement appears to have been accepted as correct. As similar statements are con- tinually made, will you allow me to give a few facts show- ing that the real condition of French land tenure is very different from what it is usually represented to be. In Mr Jenkins' report to the Royal Agricultural Commission it is stated that According to the latest statistics there were nearly eight millions of landed proprietors in France." A little further on, however, we find that if a man "'has two, three, four, or more plots in separate communes he will be registered as so many owners." Again, we find that 5 millions of these plots are of less than 4s. annual value, and that three millions of the owneijs are registered as indingent," and are therefore free of taxation Turning to Kolb's Condition of Nations for further information, we learn that the cultivators of their own land "number 2,201,505 men and 487,796 women—2,089,301 in all. This probably com-, prises the whole who may be fairly termed peasant pro- prietors or yeomen," as against 994,22S fanners who cultivate under large owners. To determine the quantity of land occupied by the two classes we tind the following statement in La Terre aux Paysans" of November 15th taken from the Statistque de F Agriculture de 1873 ":— Land cultivated by metayers or by tenant-farmers, 16 million hectares farms of more than 100 hectares cul- tivated by paid labourers, 12 land cultivated by the owners then-selves, 4 woods, forests, lauds, marshes, &c, 16 houses, gardens, &c., 1. It thus appears that out of 32 million hectares of cultivated land in France only one- eighth belongs to genuine peasant proprietors, while at least four times as much is held by landed proprietors, who let out their estates to tenant-farmers. There appears to be no means for the extension of a peasant proprietary in France, and this explains the fact that, as with us, the rural population diminishes while the urban increases.

RENNET AND SALT IN CHEESE- MAKING. The following address was delivered by Mr J. B. Harris, Canadian Cheese instructor in Galloway and Dumfries- shire, at tht meeting of the Scottish Dairy Association in Kilmarnock :-Rennet is the second agent applied in cheese making, heat being the first. ft does not seem to be thoroughly understood by cheese leakers, as they use the same quantity in spring, summer, and autumn, re- gardless of the quality of the milk or time of curing their product. I might write a treatise on rennet, but we will take it for granted that ail know how to prepare it. In this short paper I will only touch on its use. I was requested by your secretary to read a short paper on some subject of my own choosing, and knowing th:tt rennet and salt were the shoals that wrecked ini -,it cheese makers, I thought it best to give a few hints on these important agents. 1 have made remarks over and over again on the importance of proper treatment with rennet and salt. Rennet seems to be the only sure agent by which the cheesy matter of milk can be separated from the whey. Xature seems to have provided it for the cheese makers' especial use. Its office is not simply to produce coagulation it goes further, and exercise", an important part not only in the curing of the cheese but also in bringing about that conditioa which we call digestibility. No other substance of which we have any knowledge is capable of bringing about the same result. In view of these facts more than one idea should govern us in the use of the rennet. If it is in- tended that the cheese shall go into the market in from forty to fifty days (which should always be the case in the early part of the season with fodder-made chee'-e) enough of rennet should be used to ensure the process of coagulation beginning in from 10 to 12 minutes with milk in proper condition. Rennet sufficient to accomplish this result will, in the time limited for sale, have performed all that is desired in preparing the product for the table. It will be seen by this, if we have been clear in explaining the idea, that the time of curing rather than the con- dition and quality of milk should govern the quantity used. Milk well-matured will coagulate with less rennet than when sweet and new, but this should make no difference with the quantity used, as the curing of the cheese is what we must consider. If the milk is partly skimmed, or in a time of year that it is not so rich more rennet should be used, as the richer the milk the less rennet is required. This is where many cheese miakers fail, who never change their quantity in spring summer, or autumn. I found many dairies the past season in which splendid cheese was made through June, July, and part August; but when milk became richer, by reason of the cows giving a less quantity, their cheese was soft. If they had decreased their rennet, and increased their heat and salt, their pro- duct would have been firm, solid, and good in texture. The office of rennet cannot be explained more definitely than by saying that when it is mingled with milk it soli- difies the caseine or albuminous portion of the fluid. This solidification is called coagulation. In the coagulation of milk the cream is held in suspension and the whey ex- pelled. The function of rennet in curing is much the same as that of the gastric juice of the stomach, breaking down as it does the fibre of the curd, and carrying it to- ward a condition like that of chyle in the digestive pro- cess. There are no rules by which we may be governed in the use of salt other than very general ones. We should bear in mind always that a portion passes off in the whey in pressing, more or less according to the amount of mois- ture contained in the curd. We should remember that the purpose of salt is not merely to secure flavour it is used also as a preservative, and a check upon the action of rennet. We must therefore bear in mind four distinct j considerations in the application of salt. First, the amount of loss to be sustained in pressing; second, flavour: third, the amount of rennet used; and fourth, the time of curing. By the use of salt we so balance a set of natural processes as to compel them in a given length of time to produce for us a given result-it depending altogether on the skill of the operator what the result shall be. From what has been said it will appear that little, if anything, can be effected by the use of figures in regard to the quantity of salt to be used. However, we will give, two general propositions which may serve in some I' degree as a guide to the operator in this matter. When curd contains about 40 per cent of moisture it is in its normal condition, and when this is the case and we desire to sell in 40 or 50 days, we should see 1J lb. to each j 100 lb. of curd. Again, with the curd normal in mois- j ture, if we desire that our product remain on the shelves indefinitely, we should use 2 lb. t From this it will be seen that in the use of salt «• should take into consideration not only the condition of the curd as to moisture, but also the time that is required for curing, thus avoiding the en or of using a quantity of salt which would counteract or limit the action of the rennet, as it is a v.i-knoY. fact that salt and rennet work in opposite t'actions.

CHEESE.—Inferior cheese appears once more to have be- come a drug in the market. At Chester Cheese Fair last week business was slow at low prices, very fine cheese being on offer. Common qualities sold at 25s. to 30s. per cvvt., medium at 30s. to 45s., and a few lots of good cheese at 55s. to 60s. Cheshire dairy farmers are slow to learn that the day for the profitable production of any but comparatively high qualities of cheese has gone by, American competition being keen in second class and lower qualities. DIRECT SUPPLY OF ATAIDf'Ait-.IfP.RODT-ICE.-Anini- portant meeting of landed proprietors and influential fanners was held in Hull for the purpose of starting a co-operative company whose object would be to supply the public direct with meat and farm produce, dispensing with the need of butchers and other middle men. The project was taken up enthusiastically, and a committee was appointed to prepare a report for presentation at a future meeting. The promoter of the scheme. Mr P. Saltmarshe, of Saltmarslie, presided, and suggested that the company be one with limited liability, embodying a capital of ;3,000, a considerable proportion of which should be made up of £ I shares. SCOTCH FARMERS' ALLIANCE.— It was agreed, at a meeting of the Executive Committee of the Scottish Farmers' Alliance held in Aberdeen on Friday, to add to the objects of the Alliance a new clause to obtain during the present Session of Parliament the introduction of a measure providing for tenants under lease the option of quitting after one year's notice, or a revaluation by mutual arbiters. It was further agreed "that one of, the duties of the Land Court to be instituted should be, in addition to those already specified, to increase the num- ber or size of smaller ^holdings where necessary." It was arranged that the animal general meeting of the Alliance should be held in Aberdeen on the 28th of January next, and it was remitted to the president, Mr James Hay, and to the ex-president and the secretary, to prepare resolutions dealing with the land question, county govern- ment, and railway rates. NEW ZEALAND MUTTON.—In consequence of an outcry among fiockrnasters at the poor returns they have ob- tained on sheep supplied by them for shipping as mutton to this country, the New Zealand Shipping Company w have reduced the freight to ld per lb., with ten per cent 2 primage. A striking illustration of the unremunerative character of the export trade n frozen mutton has been given by a flockmaster. He shipped the carcases of 127 cross-bred weathers," which realised in England £ 18o 7s. lid., a little less than k- I Is. Id., each. The expenses amounted to £1;53 6s. 5d, or £1 4s, lid., per head. The net return to the shipper, therefore, was only £ 32 Is. 6d., or 5s. God., per head, which, of course, was not sufficient to pay cost of production. Some shep out ot the same lot, which were rejected, realised 15s. to 17s., each in the colony, showing that they were a fair lot, as the price is not at all a low one for New Zealand. THE LAW AS TO FENCINO.—At the Newport County Court on Thursday, Mr Harrison, cow keeper, Newport, sought to recover from Mr John Linton, builder, k:20 compensation for the death of a cow, caused, as was alleged, by the negligence of defendant and his agents. Early in the present year, plaintiff rented a field in Stow Park for grazing purposes, and on the 14th May he turned out a number of cows. The field in which these animals grazed adjoined a portion of land on which the defendant, who is a builder, was erecting a residence. On the 24th August plaintiff noticed that one of the cows was ill, and on examination by Mr Sheaf, veterinary surgeon, it was tound that it had taken a fancy tor a quantity of gas tar, of which there was a boiler full in the next field, and poisoned itself. The fence between the two fields had been pulled up in the course of the building operations, and it was sought to be shown that defendant was liable because he had allowed this to be done. Ultimately, his Honour nonsuited. plaintiff, and gave defendant the costs of his solicitor and witnesses. AMERICAN EXPORTS OF WHEAT.—The falling-off in American exports of wheat during the present year is shown in our official summary of imports and exports, just received, which gives details up to the end of Octo- ber. For that month the quantity was only 4,162,950 bushels, against 7,569,793 bushels in October, 1884 while for the ten months ending on October 31st last the quan- tity was 46,659,815 bushels, as compared with 65,449,881 bushels in 1884. On the other hand, there was a small increase in exports of flour for the ten months, though not for October alone, the quantities for the longer period being 8,247,180 barrels in 1885 and 7.767,822 barrels in 1884. Cat- tle exports for the ten months fell from 135,841 in 1884 to 124,724 in 1885 the number of pigs increased from 26,668 to 51,805; fresh beef fell from 9(5,058,4141b. to Hi),211,6391b., and salted rose from 30,195,(5831b. to ti;121,Gmb. pork iu its several forms increased from 312,78i,616'.b. to 399,216,5931b., and lard from 174,005, 5041b. to 247,363,2481b. while butter decreased from 18,885,0751b. to 17,423,2291b., and cheese from 101,618, 4541b. to 88,513,1961b. The great importance of what are termed" pork products" in the American export trade is shown by the fact that their value, not including that of live pigs (about half a million dollars), for the ten months was over 50,000,000 dollars, as compared with a little under 81,000,000 dollars for wheat and flour.

4?tatkct Jlepmrts. CORN AVERAGES, For the week ending Dec. 19. The following are the quantities sold and the prices this year and last year:— QUANTITIES SOLD. PRICES. This year. Last year. This year. Last year. Wheat. 60,651 54,910 303. 3d .31s. 5d Barley,111,319 .114,206 29s. 3d 31s. 3d Oats 11,289 10,783 18s. Id 19s. 4d CORN, Ac. LONDON, Monday.—The trade at this morning's market is, quite of a holiday character. Both English and foreign wheats sell only in retail at nominally un- altered prices. The flonr trade is very dull, and American brauds are cheaper to buy. Round maize is steady, flat mixed rather cheaper new-ciop merican of good quality and condition is offering at 21s ex-ship. Barleys quiet and unchanged. Good oats are steady, and the turn against buyers inferior descriptions v, eaker, and the turn against sellers. Beans and peas steady. Linseed dull, and Is cheaper on the week Calcutta seed ex-ship 42s 9d. C UK EE N'T PRICES OF GRAIN ON FRIIJAY- s. 3. B. s. vVheat (new red). 28 to 33 white 30 35 I Ditto (old) 33 to 34 white 34 to 37 Barley (grinding) 20 to 26.(malting) 28 44 Malt, English (new). 33 44 Oats, English feed. 20 27 Beans (Mazagan).. — — Peas, white boilers (English) 38 40 (Canadian) 29 30 Maize 22 23 rlour, beat Town Whites, per 280 lbs, 2Ss to —a. BIRMINGHAM, Thursday. —There was a poor sup- ply of English wheat, for which millers offered less money, hut sellers would not give way. Barley rather easier, other articles unchanged. BRISTOL, Thursday.—English wheat offered in larger quantities; condition somewhat affected by damp weather and neglected by millers in consequence. Foreign very slow. Barley quiet. Maize, 6d to Is per qr. cheaper oats, dull and unaltered. Flour very depressed, and buyers are holding off until the New Year. CARMARTHEN, Saturday.—The supply of all kinds of grain in the market was small, and the prices paid were as follows :—Wheat from 3os to 40s bar- ley, 30s to 32s whiLe oats, 18.3 to 20s black ditto, 168 to ISa. CHESTER, Saturday.—Poor attendance fair sup- plies of wheat and barley. The following were the quotations a. d. 8. 5d White wheat, per 75 lbs 0 0 to 4 6 Red wheat 0 0 4 6 New Oats, 0 46 lbs 2 6 2 9 Egyptian beans, # 480 lbs 0 0 28 0 Indian corn (feed), V 100 lbs 0 0 5 3 Malting barley, per 60 lbs 4 0 4 4 LIVERPOOL. Tuesday. — Wheat A small trade, Australian, Os Od to 7s 6d Oregon, 7s 2d to 7s lOd; Californian 6s!Jd to 7s 4d; red winter. No.2, 7s Id to 7s 10d; Chilian, 6 6d to 6s 6d Bombay, 6s 2d to 6s 9d Saidi, Os Od to Os Od. LIVERPOOL, Friday.—Since Tuesday we have had mihl and damp weather. Imports have been consider- able of wheat and Indian corn, but small of flour. At to-day's market, with a thin attendance, there was. a small business done in wheat, at a decline since Tues- day of Id per cental on white descriptions. Flour favoured buyers. Beans and peas were dull, white oats and oatmeal were unchanged in value. Indian corn had a retail demand at Id p,r cental less money than ou last market day. FRIDAY'S PRICES. I s. d. s. d. American Wheat.$100 lbs 7 2 to 7 9 i Canadian Flour,$280 lbs 25 0 27 0 Chilian Barley, V 100 lbs 0 0 0 0) Grinding Barley, V 100 lbs 0 0 0 0 English Oats, j? 100 lbs 0 0 0 0 j Oatmeal,$100 lbs 0 0 0 0 Canadian Peas, # 100 lbs 0 0 5 6 ( Egyptian Beans, 100 lbs 5 6 5 7-j I < Indian Corn, American new mixed 4 8 4 8% 1 SHREWSBURY, Saturday.—The following vers the quotations :— d. s. d. White Wheat, V 225 lbs 0 0 to 0 0 New ditto" 4 4 4 10 Red ditto" 4 0 4 6 New ditto" 0 0 0 0 Barley (malting), f 70 lbs 4 4 5 4 (feeding) 3 6 4 0 Oats (white), per 225 Ibs. 00 0 00 0 New ditto 13 6 15 0 Oats (black). 225 lbs 13 0 14 0 Peas, per 225 lbs 13 0 14 0 Beans, 240 E>s 14 0 15 0 Do. (new) 00 0 00 0 WORCESTER, Saturday.-A smaller supply of wheat and price was firm. Next to nothing doing' in foreign. Spring corn unchanged. CATTLE. BIRMINGHAM, Tuesday.-At this market, beef realized 5Ad to 7 d per lb mutton, 6d to Sid veal, Od 2 to Od; bacon pigs, 7s 6d tn 7s 9d per score sows, 68 3d to 6s d porkets, 8s to 93 O'. BRISTOL, Thursday.—Very moderate supply of beef, which proved eoual to the limited demand, and best qualities sold at 70s per cwt., and middling 63s to 60s. Mutton found a better trade at 7d to 7^d per lb. tor best wethers and 6d for ewes. The Irish steamers brought 700 store cattle, but trade was so slow that they couli not all be sold. WORCESTER, Saturday. Best qualities of beasls> nd to gd per lb.; second class, 6J to 6;^d. Mutton, a short supply but equal to demand, wethers making 8d to 8d, and ewes, 6d to 7d. LONDON, Monday.—The total imports of foreign stock into London last week amounted to 10,514 head. In the corresponding period of last year we received 8,108; in 1883, 8,548; in 1882, 8,479 in 1881, in 1880, in 1879, in 1878, and in 1877, head. At Liverpool were re- ceived 145 beasts from Baltimore, 310 beasts from Boston, and 400 beasts from New York and at South- ampton, 7 beasts from Jersey and Guernsey. Per 81b. sinking the offal. s. d. s. d. Coarse and inferior Beasts 3 6 to 4 0 Second quality ditto 4 0 4 6 Prime large Oxen 4 8 5 0 Prime Scots, &c 5 0 5 2 Coarse and inferior Sheep 4 4 5 0 Second quality ditto. 5 0 5 4 Prime coarse woolled ditto 5 4 5 6 Prime Southdown ditto 5 6 5 8 Large coarse Calves 3 8 4 4 Prime small dit.to 4 G 5 0 Large Hogs 2 4 3 0 Neat Small Porkers 3 2 3 8 MISO ELLA NEO US. LONDON MEAT, Monday.—A large supply was offered. The trade was heavy. For middling and in- ferior qualities there is no demand, but for prime prices are firm at top quotations. Per 8 lb by the carcase. s. d. 8. d. Inferior Beef 2 0 to 2 4 Middlingdo. 2 8 3 4 Prime large do 3 8 4 4 Prime small do. 4 2 4 6 Veal 4 0 4 4 Inferior mutton 2 8 3 4 Middlingdo. 3 4 4 04 Prime do 4 0 4 8 Large pork 2 4 2 8 Smalldo. 3 0 3 4 Lamb 0 0 0 0 LONDON PROVISIONS, Monday,—The arrivals last week trom Ireland were 9.810 bales of bacon. The butter market was firm, and higher prices obtained, particularly for butter from France, the supplies being very short and extreme prices paid in the French mar- kets. Dutch dearer,—120s to 124s. The baoon mar- ket was slow early in the week, but afterwards there was an improved demand, and for some sorts of Irish better prices obtained the killings in Ireland were shorter last week. There was no change made in the official charge for orders. No pigs killed in Hamburg. LONDON FOTATOES (Borough and Spitalfields), I Monday.-There was a good supply of potatoes on offer. A fair demand prevailed at the annexed rates Magnum Bonum 70s to 90s Regents 80s to 100s Champions 60s to 70s Victorias 60s to 80s. Victorias. 60s to 80s. CARMARTHEN CHEESE, Saturday.—The supply of cheese on offer to-day was fair, and the demand only of a retail kind, which sold at from 203 to 22s per cwt., according to quality. (C:3 CARMARTHEN BUTTER, Saturday.—The supply of butter on sale was not large, and the price paid was much as quoted during the past few weeks-from lid to Is Od per lb. Fresh market pound butter sold at from Is 2d to Is 4d per lb. CORK BUT rr,,R.,Saturday. -Ordinary. Firsts, 125s; seconds, 98s thirds, 52s fourths, 33s fifths, 32s. Kegs Firsts, —s.; seconds, —3; thirds, 49s; fourths, 35s. fifths -8. Mild cured firkins: Superfine. —s; fine mild, 120s; mild 90s. In market-608 firkins, 16 mild, 31 kegs. LEATHER. -LrlADE-N IFALL, SATURDAY. s. d. s. d. Hides, crop, 28 lbs. to 40 lbs 1 1 @1 5 Ditto, 40 lbs. to 60 lbs 1 2! 1 8 English butts, 14 lbs. to 24 lbs 1 3 2 4 Ditto, 25 lbs. to 36 lbs 1 5 2 9 Foreign butts, 16 lbs. to 50 lbs 1 2 2 2 Crop bellies 0 7 0 11 Shoulders 0 11 1 4 Dressing hides, common 0 11 1 5 Ditto, shaved. 1 2 1 6 Calfskins. 1 3 2 9 HAY AND STRAW. WHITECHAPEL, Saturday.—There was a large supply on sale. The trade was very dull at previous S prices. Prime clover, 95s. to 105s.; new, 00s. to 00s.; s inferior, 60s to 95s; prime meadow hay. 60s. to 90s Od new, -8 to -a inferior, 40s to 60a and straw, 29s to 37s per load. BIRMINGHAM HIDE, SKIN, AND FAT, Saturday.— Hides, 95 lb. and upwards, 4f:d to 4gd 4 per lb.; 85 to 94, 4d to 4id; 75 to 84, 3d to 4H; 65 to 74, 3!¡d to 4kcl; 56 to 64, 31 to 4Jd 55 and under 3ïJ to 4 jd; cows, 3to. to 4d; bulls, Od to 3.fd; flawed and irregular, 3-d to 4Jd. Calf skins, 17 Ib and up- wards, 5id per It 12 to 16. 6d; 9 to 11, nd; light, 4 5id. Pelts, Os Od to Os Od each; wools, 2s 3d to 8s 6d. 4 Fat, lj d to 2.d. ABERYSTWYTH, MONDAY.—Wheat made 5s Od to 5s 3d. t1 65 lbs.; barley, 3s. Od. to 3s. 6d.; oats, white, 2s. 6d. to 3s. Od. black, Os. Od. to Os Od; eggs, 9a. per hundred; butter (salt) Os. lOd. to lid. fresh. J 8. Od. to Is. 2d.; fowls, 3s. Od. to 4s. Od. tp couple; chickens. Os. Od. to Os. Od. f couple; ducks. 4s. Od. to 5s. Od. tq couple; geese, 4s. Od to 73. Od.; turkeys, 5s. Od. to 8s. Od. each; potatoes, 2s 6d. to 3s. Od. per cwt; new, Os to Os Od. per cwt. NEWTOWN. TUESDAY.—Wheat, His Od to 18s. Od per 240 lbs.; bajrley, 4s.6dto5s.6d^701bs;oats, 17s 6d to 21s V 225 tbs; eggs, to 8 for la butter, Is. 2d. to Is. 3d. per lb.; fowls, 3s. 6d. to 4s. 6d. per couple; ducks, 5s: Od. to 6s. Od. per couple geese Os. Od. to 5s. Od. each turkeys, 6s. to 10s. Od. each; potatoes. Is. 0 30 lbs. beef, 6d. to 9d. per lb. mutton, 6d. to 8d; veal, 8d. to 9d.; pork, 7d. to 8d.; lamb, Od. to Os Od. per lb. WELSHPOOL, MONDAY.—Wheat, 4s. 9d. to 5s. 0s f 75 lbs.; barley, 4s. 9d. to 5s. 3d. ? 70 lbs; oats, ] 4s. Od. to 16s. Od.; eggs, 9 to 10 for a shilling; butter, Is. Id. to Is. 3d. Jf lb; fowls, 4s. Od. to 5s. 6d; tP couple; ducks, 4s. Od. to 6s. Od. 49 couple geese, 4s0dto 8s. Od. each; turkeys, 4s. 6d to 10s 6d. each; potatoes, Os. Od. to Os. Od. per 90 lbs.

TRADE INTELLIGENCE. MINERAL REPORT. —MANCHESTER, SATURDAY. Messrs Berger Spence and Co., in their weekly cir- cular, say.—In one or two directions there are signs of a slight improvement, and not indeed before it is wanted. Perhaps with the turn of the year it may be more pronounced. When so many mines are standing idle no wonder if there should be a prospect of better business for those still working. The number waiting ■ for the advance to put their mines in operation again will prevent any great advance, and consumers know- iug this cannot at present be induced to think of higher prices. Notwithstanding it is December, coal is plen- tiful. The best qualities of foreign iron ore are in good demand, the ship owners are asking higher freights. ] Stocks of Chiua Clay are somewhat reduced, the sup- ply, however, still continues in excess of the demand. There is more enquiry for Crude Asbestos, and good 1 quality can readily find a market. Phosphate of lime c in good demand. j

KEATINGS' COUGH LOZENGES cure COUGHS, ASTHMA, BROINOHITIS.—Medical testimony states that I no other medicine is so effectual in the cure of these dangerous maladies. One Lozenge alone gives ease. J one or two at bed time ensures rest. For relieving J difficulty o breathing they are invaluable. Sold by j ] all Chemicts i Tins la. lid. and 2s. 9d. each. la

HUMAN ELECTROTYPES. A new method of disposing of the human body after death has been proposed by M. Kergovatz, a chemist of Brest. His system is an antiseptic one, stated to be much simpler and less expensive than the old pro- I cess of embalming. and is nothing more than a new galvanoplastic application. The body is coated with a conducting substance, such as plumbago, or is bathed with a solution of nitrate of silver, which, after de- composition under the influence of sunlight, leaves a finely divided deposit of metallic silver. It is then placed in a bath of sulphate of copper, and connected for electrolysis with several cells of a gravity or other I battery of constant current. The result is that the body is encased in a skin of copper, which prevents further change or chemical action. If desired, this may be again plated with gold or silver, according to the taste or wealth of the friends of the dead. M. Kergovatz has employed the process eleven times on human subjects and on many animals, and states that in all cases it was perfectly satisfactory. He con- siders this method preferable in every way to either y burial or cremation; but the idea seems repulsive.— Iron.

THE GENERAL ELECTION. FINAL POLLINGS. By the return of the Lord-Advocate, MrJ. H. A. Alac- donald, for Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities, and Mr Leonard Lyell (Liberal) for Orkney and Shet- land, the new House of Commons is now complete. The state of parties now is :—Liberals, 335 Conservatives 249 Nationalists, 86. EDINBURGH AND ST. ANDREWS UNIVER- SITIES. J. H. Macdonald(C) 2840 J. E. Erichsen (L) 2453 Conservative majority.387 Conservative gain. At the general election in 1880, the members were :—Sir Lyon Playfair (L), 2,522 Dr E. R. Bickersteth (C), 2 448. ORKNEY AND SHETLAND. Leonard Lyell (L) 3352 Hon. C. T. Daudai (C) 1940 Liberal majority 1412 Representation unchanged. In 1880 the polling was as follows :—S. Laiug (L), 896 Dr G. R. Baden- och (C), 518.

THE EMPEROR OF CHINA. It is reported in Pekin that the Empeior intends to assume the Government of the Empire in February. It is also said that at the same time he will many. The Empress Regent will thereupon retire into private life. The present Emperor of China was "born on August 15th, 1871, and is, therefore, only in his fifteenth year. On the 12th of January, 1875, he succeeded his cousin Tsai-shun, who, himself a boy, died without issue, the first instance in the Imperial House of Gioro for nearly three centuries. The accession of the little four-year old Tsai-tien involved some curious features of Chinese custom. It is a rule that the succession to the Dragon Throne cannot pass to the preceding generation, on account of the worship of ancestry. Such a succession would involve the worship of a lower or younger generation by an older one. The line of Hien-Fung, the last governing Emperor, died out in his childless son. The son of Prince Kuug would, in the ordinary course, have been properly the heir, but the father could not remain in office when his son was on the Throne, and Prince Kung was till a year ago the most prominent Statesman in the country. There- fore the son of Prince Chun, a younger brother of the Emperor Hien-Fung and of Prince Kung, was unani- mously chosen by the Empress Dowager and the assembled Princes of the Manchu Imperial clan. The same Regency was reappointed, so that hijb tender age involved neither difficulty nor alteration. He ascended the throne under the reign-name of Kwang-su, or "Illustrious Succession," a reference to the break in the regular descent. Very little is known about the youth who announces his intention of assuming control of the largest and most populous Empire on the face of the earth. Stories of boyish petulance, and of his skill at archery, which still forms the most important point in the education of the ruling Manchu clans, have floated about, but there is really nothing on which to form an estimate of his character. He certainly has more "girt" than the feeble and nerveless boy whom he succeeded, but that is, perhaps, not what is most desirable in his position. As ruling Emperor he is the fountain of power, rank, honour, and privilege. He is the head of religion, and he is also the source of law and dispenser of mercy. All the forces and revenues of the Empire are his, and he has a right to claim the services of all males between sixteen and sixty. He will receive the Empire in a progressive and prosperous state, notwithstanding the late war with France. The Empress Ann, the Dowager Regent, who retires, is an exceedingly able woman, who has done more for China, in a remarkably critical time, than a score of Emperors before her. When Hien-Fung died, in 1861, the prestige, the resources, and the peace of the country, were reduced to their lowest ebb. During the time that has passed since, China has not only regained peace, regular government, and material prosperity, but the Empire has entered into relations with Europ- ean Powers, and has begun to take that part in the affairs of the world which must result in the opening up of the Middle Kingdom to International commerce. Under the Empress Dowager, telegraph lines have been laid all over the country, and railways have been begun. If the young Kwang-sii follows in her foot- steps, all will be well, and the world will be a gainer but if he goes back and relapses into the old Celestial exclusiveness, he will break up his vast Empire, and irretrievable ruin from internal rebellion and outside attacks will be the inevitable result.

FIRST PRIZE FOR LAUNDRY WORK.—The Laundresses who won the first prize in the competition for the best got up linen, at the Torquay Industrial Exhibition, used Reckitt's Paris Blue and Starch I FEEL SO WEARY AND TIRED Is the exclamation of many whom we daily meet; yet they never pause f-o think or reflect upon the cause of this feeling. It may arise from slaya'sh ond impure blood, which, if neglected' s the forerunner of serious and chronic disorders. This weary and tired feeling is nature warning us that there is something wrong, which must be set rjht, or a iong and lingering illness will speedily follow. What does nature require, to threw oft this weary and tired feeling She requires to have new life and energy imparted to all the organs of the body, and the best means to do so is to take" GWllym Evans' Quinine Hitters," which purifies the blood and imparts new life and energy. It is invaluable to those who are suffering from affections of the chest, indigestion, nervousness, debility in its worst forms, depression of spirits, and melancholy. GWILY.M EVANS'S Qrivr.vK BITTERS.—TIFK VEGKTABI.K TOXIC.—This preparation is now extensively taken throughout the COUll try by patients suffering from debility, nervous, and general exhaustion, and if any value be attached to human testimony, the .I'tficacy of this medicine has been successfully established. Its claims have been tested and proved bv the medical profession and others, and orroborated bv the written testimonials of eminent men. The Quinine Bitters contain, not only a suitable quantity of Quinine in eeah dose. but the active principle of the following well-known chrbs — sarsaparilla, saffron, gentian lavender, and dandelion root. The use of Quinine is well known, but it has never been satisfactorily combined with these preparations, until, after over, enning considerable di.^iculties, the proprietor was able to secure x perfectly uniform preparation combining all the essential pro- perties of the above plants in their greatest purity and con- eentration. It is now established as a family medicine, and is increasing in popular favour the more it is known and tested Gwilym Evans's Quinine Bitters is a tonic "Pick-me-up," scientilicallv mixed in happy proportions. MODKOK ACTION".—(And here lie,; the secret of the Remedy.)— The Quinine Bitters (being a. vegetable tonic), by their peculiar power strengthen that part of the system which is weakest, and therefore, most liable to colds and their attendant diseases. The ingredients they contain cannot be put into pills, but the patient can follovv his usual occupation without fear of exposure. GWILYM EVANS' QCININK BITTKRS are recommended by Doctors, Analysts, Chemists. sold in 9d. and Us. (id. Bottles and Casen containing three 1,8. ijt. Bottlei at J?s. (jd. per case, by all Chemists, or from the Proprietor, carriage free parcels post (under cover). N.B. No one should suffer without trying Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters."—Mr Gwilym Evans, F.C.S., Proprietor, Laboratory, Llanelley, South Wales. [d590 PERFECT HEALTH RESTORED WITHOUT MEDICINE, PURGING, OR EXPENSE, by Du BARRY'S DELICIOUS REVALENTA AKABICA FOOD, which repairs the mucous membrane of Stomach and Bowels, the Blood, the Nerves, Lungs, Liver, Brain, Voice, and Breath- curing Dyspepsia, Indigestion, Constipation, Consump- tion, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Acidity, Heartburn, Phlegm, Flatulency, Feverish Breath, Nervous, Bili- ous, Pluinonary, Glandular, Kidney and Liver Com- plaints, Debility, Cough. Asthma, Typhoid, Scarlet, Gastric, Enteric, and Bilious Fevers. Diphtheria, Spasms, Cough, Measles, Impurities, and Poverty of the Blood, Diabetes, Ague; Nausea, and Vomiting after Eating, during Pregnancy, and at Sea; Eruptions, Eczema, Sleeplessness. Dropsy, Paralysis, Noises in the Ears, Atrophy, Wasting in Adults and Children. 08 years' invariable success with old and youug, even in the most hopeless cases. 100,000 cures, including those of H.I.M. the late Emperor Nicholas of Russia, Mr H. W. Stanley, the African Exploror, the March- ioness of BrtShan, Lord Stuart de Decies; of Drs. Ure, Wurzer, Shortland, Routh, etc., of London. Four times more nourishing than meat, and assimilating when all other food is rejected: it saves. 50 times its cost in medicine. It rears also successfully the most ilelicate children from their birth. Suitably packed for all climates. Sells—in tins of 'lb.. at 2: lib., a. 6d.; 21bs., 6s.; 51bs., 14s.; 121bs., 32., or about 2d. per meal. All Revalenta tins carriage free on receipt of P.O 0. Pamphlet with Cures sent gratis. Also THE KING OF INFANTS' FOODS, the most perfect Food for rearing Babies. In round boxes at Sd. and is. ocL—add 3d. for franking. Du BARRY & Co. Limited), No. 77, Regent Street, ndon, W.; and at ill Grocers and Chemists. I L;Ü:dr i». WrK""Ell5LER, WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANT QUEEN'S HOTEL WI IS E STORES, MARINE TKKKAOE. LtIN Per Bottle from lia. 3ti. h'HERRY Per Bottle from 2s. 0d> IRISH & SCOTCH WHISKEY „ „ Sa. Od. PORT 2s. 6d.- PALL „ „ 4s. Cd, CLARET Is. 6d. SUM „ 2s. 9d. j CHAMPAGNE „ 3s.$d- WINES DRAWN FROM THE WOOD. BASS'S PALE ALE AND GUINNESS'S STOUT IN BOTTLE- -4s. 6D. IMPERIAL PINTS. THE CELEBRATED EDINBURGH ALE — 3s. PER DOZEN IMPERIAL PINT BOTTLES. SOLE AGENT FOR I GLENROSA SCOTCH WHISKY. AND AT BELLE VUE ROYAL HOTEL, MARINE TERRACE. 9W ALL ORDERS OVER f2 SENT TO ANY STATION ON THE CAMBRIAN & MANCHESTER AND MILFORD -EAIL'WAYS—CARRIAGE PAID. [;69 GOGERBDAN ARMS & LION ROYAL MOTEL. ABERYSTWYTH. THE "OLD COUNTY HOUSE." FIRST-CLASS FAMILY AND COMMERCIAL HOTEL. fltHIS HOTEL is close to the CastJe aDd Clock Tower, and within three minutes' walk of thf Railway Station. The Hotel is now replete, with every comfort. Sp cicus Ladies' Coffee Roon" Well-furnished Sitting Rooms and Bedrooms. HANDSOME BILLIARD ROOM, CONTAINING TWO TABLES WINE AND SPIRIT STORES ATTACHED. OMNIBUS MIE T S ALL TRAINS. FIRST-CLASS POSTING, STABLING, AND LOOSE BOXES Breaks leave the Hotel every Morning for the Devil's Bridge at 9.30; Fare, 4s. Tariff on application. JOHN ROBERTS, PROPRIETOR. IS, K- AM n t BUS A Ft Ft MMIL COLMAN'S MUSTARD LARGEST MANUFACTURERS INTHE WORLD — — J ELLIS'S COUGH MIXTURE.—Effectual in Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, and Bronchitis. ELLIS'S CORN SOL YEN" f.—A. well-tried remedy for Corns and Bunions, 9d. per bottle. ELLIS'S RESTORATIVE POMADE.-For promoting the Growth of Hair, and preventing its falling off, J8. and Is. Gd. per bottle. PREPARED BY ROBERT ELLIS, PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMIST, TERRACE ROAD, ABERYSTWYTH. I Depot for Chest and Lnng Protectors, various sizes and prices. I S. N. COOKE IS now Showing the Latest Novelties in Children's Jackets, Pellises, Millinery, the following special purchases will be found worth attention. LADIES' BLACK CASHMERE HOSE, Is. d. per pair, DITTO, EVERY PAIR WARRANTED, Is. 9id. per pair. „ SIX BUTTON TAN KID GLOVES, Is. 11 }d. per pair. FOUR BUTTON BLACK KID, Is. I I d. per pair. J „ LINED SILK GLOVES (all colours), Is. 11.'d. per pair. BERLIN WOOLS, KNITTING YARNS, SILKS, &c.. IN EVERY MAKE. ORlJERS BY POST RECEIVE PROMPT ATTENTION. 12, PIER STREET, J ABERYSTWYTH. ;=:=.=:= -.c :a:a8!n!:¡I:: WARN I NO I When you ask for Reckitts Blue I See that you get it! A0^^9uubSeadre | STEAM SAW MILLS, ABERYSTWYTII. R. ROBERTS AND SONS, TIMBER AND SLATE MERCHANTS, « EVERY DESCRIPTION OF JOINERY DONE QUICKLV AND CHEAPLY. ESTIMATE GIVEN. JOBBING DONE. NOTICE. TO MINE AjSD QUARRY OWNERS AND MANAGERS. MINE and Qurxry Plant, consisting of Waterwheels, Engines, and Boilers, Dres81"' Machinery, Pumps, Plungers, Crushers, Drawing Machines, Trams, Rods, Rails, Bellows. Vices, Chains, &c., &c., on Sale. Also, wanted to purchase same for Cash. Estimates given for either or Second-hand Machinery, and arranged for on commission. WANTED, Wrought, Scrap, Old, Condemned Wire and Hemp Ropes, Metal, &c. Mc'IL(UHÅl\l, BROKER ABERYSTWYTH WILLIAMS & METCALFE, -1 ENGINEERS, IRON & BRASS FOUNDER13 WATER WHEELS OF THE BEST AND MOST MODERN CONSTRUCTION. AGRICULTURAL & OTHER CASTINOS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. PRICES AND ESTIMATES ON APPLICATION. KHEIDOL FOUNDRY, ABERYSTWYTH J,