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1 Lord Chief Justice Erie has presented two magnificent alter candlesticks of solid silver to Wioebester-college. Mr. Charles Jerorn March, of the Western Circi. it, 1 as been appointed Recorder of Barnstaple and Bideford, in the place of Mr JaIDPS Arthur Yonge, rieoeased. The vacancy in Lower School assis'ant-Hiastersnip as Eton, caused by the res ignation of Mr 11. n. Balls, has been filled up by the appointment of Mr Arthur U. James, FelW of King'college, Cambridge, fourth classic in the la6t ho:>our-list there LIVERPOOL Towx IMPROVEMENTS. At an adj. ourned, meeting of the Liverpool T"wn Council, held on Monday, a scheme was proposed for the formation of a large wholesale v,'getable-,nar, liet adjoining the existing hay-market, and for I 'l! nroving- the approaches thereto, at an estimated cost of £ 88,0-10 It was referred back to the Markets Com- mittee for reconsideration. Other schemes for street im- provements in the south-end, at a cost of Y,9,3,000, were approved. THE TURNIP CROP- AXD PRICES IN FTORKSHIEE. The effects of hst season's drought upon the great source of winter food f .)r stock, the turnip crop, has long caused anxiety to the Yorkshire farmers, more especially those having s heep farms The general failure of the cr the best crops are not half the averaze, while in some parts hundreds of acres are nearly worthless has made prices a matter not only of anxiety but speculation. Michaelmas is usually the period when the real worth of turnips is ascertainable, and this year, where, two year., ago, toroips could not be given away, but were choppe.1 up on the land and ploughed in, the prices are now JE6 to 19 per acre. The latter price has been obtained several times, and some of the best crops have been sold at L10 per acre. The supply will be very short. foHowing PRESERVATION OF Wo OD,-The following method is used in Germany for the preservation of wood. Mix 40 parts ot chalk, 40 of resin, 5 of linseed oil, melting them together in an iron pot; then add 1 part of native oxide of copper, and afterwards, with care, I part of sulphuric acid. The mixture is applied while hot to the wood by means of a brush. When dry it forms a varnish as hard as stone. Loss OF A LIVERPOOL SHIP. By the arrival of the French East India mail we hear of the loss of the fine ship Eastern Light while on her passage from New York to Shanghai. It would appear that the voyage had been prosecuted in safety as far as Gaspar Straits, where, on the IGth of August, at a part called Pulo Leat, she unfortu nately went on shore. The crew seemed to have left her very hastily, having taken their departure for Hong Kong and Singapore respectively in the Heroes of Alma and the Henry Darling. The master, Captain D. Cruikshank, however, appeared to have exerted himself more. He refused to leave the vessel, and by last accouuts was, with the assistance of the Dutch authorities, engaged in stripping and dismantling the wreck. News reached Singapore just as the mail left, that she had slipped off the reef and sunk in deep water; but of this we can say nothing. The Eastern Light was only built last autumn, in St. John's, N.B. HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.-No DISTUST.-Publio opinion speaks in no fet-bieor uncertain voice concerning the merits of these Pill for purifying the blood, regulating the action of differ- ent organs, und strengthening the human body generally. Ilolloway's Pills have gained a reputation for curing dis- orders of the stomach, derangement of the li-er, diseases of the kidneys and affections of the brain and nerves, pre- viously unexampled in the history of medicine. An important matter regarding these Pills is that the invalid by reading the accompanying II dire ctions for use" can determine the proper dose with a precision which no one could hope to attain who had not long known his habits and constitution. Holloway's Pills act with the utmost safety and greatest efficacy. lipALTH OF LORD CARLISLE.-The Earl ot Carlisle con- tinues very prostrate at his seat, Castle Howard, Malton. His Lordship's medical attendiints report, however, that there was throughout the whole of last week a regular im- provement in his lordship's condition, and they are not with- out hopes that, with quiet and retirement, his health may be much restored. DOCK ACCOMMODATION AT CARDIFF.—It is reported Upon good authority that the trustees intend again to apply to Parliament for powers to make additional dock aceonimo- Nation at Cardiff, notwithstanding the loss of their gigatJtic Scheme at the last Session of Par liarnen t, -probably the largest scheme introduced at one time. It is believed that While they will again apply for the construction of a new land- ing pier, at low water mark, the plans for the new docks will include ouly such land as belongs to the Marquis, so that the question of interfering with the anchorage ground of the Bristol Channel will not be raised. We 11 he Churchman) are in a position to state that a private, but most influential, meeting was held in Lundon during the last week to determine upon united aetioi in order to obtain a competent Court of Appeal in matters aHi-cling doctrine. The recent condemnation of the court by th" vet. ran lawyer, Lord Brougham, will strengthen the hands of those ho are preparing to make an appeal to the Ls-gir-latuie on this subject. We hope to be permitted next week to mention the progress made by the committee ap- pointed for the purpose." ANTHRACITE AS A LOCOMOTIVE FUEL.-The result of long practical trial on toe Per^ylvania and Reading rail- road is that anthracite, when properly used, surpasses every fuel that has yet been applitd to locomotive pur^o^-os. it is considered th"t the idea "that anthracite will not do" is just as fallacious as it is unj ust to the uxpel ielwe of scien- tific men, who in their construction of engines on whicJi it is alone used, ha- e fully proved its excellence. By slightly modified arrangements al.uo>t any engine can be concerted into a coal burner. The trials ot the Schuylkill anthracite aflords conclusive evidence oi its utititv, aiiii that. with an average of six cars attached, tlj- coal consumed per mile was under 23lbs. that the number of miles ran per trip was 95 that the trips were all run with exhaust and 1, throttle" wide op. n, the speed ot the en: ine being regu- lnted by the req'rB<> I.<'r. Twenty two stops were OInde: between PhiUdelpuia and Putume, the speed bt'in near.y lt, oti tua 1 22,5 IL. pt!r 26 wiUs au hour me maximum g a!e on toa-1 226 It. per mile the average inclination of ro.d 6 16 ft. per mile. Tip average weight of the train was upwards ut 80 tons. Cumous PltESBYTEllY CASE --CAN A MAN MARRY HIS DECEASED WiFES NIECE ?-At tt,e uieenug of toe Esta bli8h(.d Presbytery, held a Meigie, P rtnshire, on YVedut s- ciay, a curious ca-e tu ned up. It appeared from the mi- I nutes of the last meeting that a c. miuuuuaiion had Oecn sub- mitted to the firtsioylery, with a view oi ascertaining Whether a ma, riuge between a man and his r deceased wire s Biece, which b"d Leen iruclaittied at kingoldrum, was legal. after hearing ceruin explanations I 1r,onJ Mr Balaam and other gentlemen connected with the kitk sission of Kingoidrum, found that the patties were within the forbidden degrees of affinity, and that tile banns of marriage should not ha'e been puoiisned. and tbat the ilubt'q"t mitrriage III t'IL p¡¡flies was irregul, ar and con- ttary to law atid ttlat they, therefore, found the.<rtiet. were to be dealt with as excoii.munic ted parties. The J" ry regretted that Mr Haldane had not positively forbidden tbe proclamation, and enjoined him and lIlr .Ed..d, the ■"Bion clerk, to be more can-lui in future in regrJ to aucn sutlers. Dr Barty said that Mr lindane bad not done every- thing in his power, became tie was quite entitled to have f-lb-,gd,len the ses?on clerk to proclaim the marnage and ? <?ht to ha.e known that he could have done so,  the Confession of Fa.th tells him so. Mr Fraser saW he ^ouid not ?a.e known that hims. If, Mr H??'d-? ??'?e  that his fault )y in not ha?ng gi?u dittitii;t itt for Luation ? the session clerk not to prodam, the mal'nage and g athoritati'ely to him tha. it should not be   ?.? l,owed it to be ?.ade. out be told the session that .t ..h.e fid pro.iaim the Parties he did so upon his o»n reSpOiJblOlh-  It wa, a great pity that the proc'a?at.on ?"smade R" Lad not, however counted, to ?.rry the P"?_'? ?bou?h the ailimty *huh e?.stcd between t"e'"  "'s ?ctty men.ioneo to a c 1, rgyn?u of '^Es^bl'ted ^J;hu" rcll of Dundee-Mr Peter G. ant-be (Mr. Grant) haddfuiU ??ried them knowing at the .?e time—:readuJS his \n eyes in the cexiiiicate-that tney were in the degreeB of affinity.—Dundee Advertiser. THE TEMPLES AND MOSQUES OF INDIA.-The trav.ellr W?ll Journeys over the widespread pionn« of ILlUia IS ?.tly giruck with t.e tmiety exhibited in t LP form a??d s?eot H,ndute.,pt?. In Beagal, built Of ?"?' alm08t solid, and with gable roof, they ouen appear in a row of twelve on the banks of the Ganges, or stand singly w some country vill age. showing through a narrow o p'n door the Mack stone which is the emoleca of the great Idol, Mahadeo. In Benares they iill the city with their till graceful spires of well carved stone. In Umritôir the great temple ot tile Sikhs is an object unusually attractive, It stands in the midst of a v,st pool of water, the sides of which are marule Stans; the causeway by which it is approached, and the platlorm on which it rests, ore also of marblethe lower Vlails are panelled with marble, inlaid with figures of deer, birds, and flowers in agate, jasper and cornriian, while the Upper walls are one blaze of gold. Within, the walls and Soot are covered with blue and gold and Vermillion, in lather Dartaric taste the doors are solid gold or silfer and Under a canopy of green velvet, richly embroidered with pearls and precious stones, wrapped in a dozen cloths of silk and n.uoliu, lies the great Grunth, the holy book of the Sikh religion. At the present moment a more gorgeous building does not exist in India. The Mahotumedan build- ings 01 Upper and Central ludia excel in the «a^t size of their courts, of the halls which the mosques contain, and the simple elegant taste "ith which they are finished. Perfeci in its simplicity is the Pearl Mosque at Agra and most finished in workmanship the little P.ilace Musque at DelLi, with its gildei Ouiiies t ut grander than all, though of lets cott) material, is the Great Mosque of Delhi, with its broad, ceep hails, bud the vast court, which, on the satiea days, present a noble asstmblance of worshippers. Peculiar in their character are the gr. at Hindu temples of S mthern Inlna, tile chitfof which cover an immense space of groui.t, 'ihty contain broad courts pllveO with stone, and bounded by lofty wa?. Over the gateways r,ise iofly towers many or tLem 200 feet in height, shooting ike tongues of We into the Ui per air; the conns ?'??"' «.t p. «-ed hah., in some of which the colums are single   e?ne. in cth.rs are elaborately carved and they ? are ?ever? ?bereccokdby green gardens and broaå }Jor,ds  wahr iimd by ?one stairs. Chief a.?ng ,t?hose  build i?s Btand the temples of Cbil1uuvru and M-ddu ura a th B"!?t ten pIe of beMf?ban), -ith its fourteen t°«e s, ahd the u.?t niu.hed of all, the ,T,emp?le ?f T?an? J'?e, with its lofty and haudsO!líe tvWl'r. Dlber,-nt, again, from all others i< the renewned temple of J y fcuth at Puri, wuh its ,ibted tnnr, its huge idol ? on ?'t?s ?'e I't Ptiri, its gate ?uard.d by "?- urro"n(J^th Jits gate t b ,(?lle, turtle" f,ed, with it4 ga-te ?k.,m nhuh the '-hea?iy .urUe" ?' WJlll It góte ? heaven a? gate of he)), all ?a_ed upon '?,???\?horee "i the n"ver Bihnt sea. Withm these pi red trails ?'ds ^ave met to .lebrate the jeasts d VisLIIU, and drvg hIs I?.j<n wi:h the duet of \eat?S. On t? ,? bauks 01 tb"t ¡¡oly m) o (,th, r iia,e gaitl,,Ted b,-neath tl, gilded  n rand drt fg,?  ?eatb.narcs to wotsb'p Lis n"al bl\'a, and drluk the  of imnortality   holy w(?ll. Beneath that ?*Lei lvet canopy ha^e ?'?"'?P?,??? ??)'??\,iim their sharp velvet have ?tuoo fanb.t?c  tlH') "wVent turiD »»«• <x i- I- !»'< «-.<% ™,r ti.r .1 ?r     eir bt-u(t,  fire JIl theIr and." to offr   lc?Nvly liassing Iro their 'hum,r, 1, iDtottc [¡rmf of eat l{wgs bave gIven to   it!orjey,  9'ttl I b, Poor t,. a,? Ofl'ded not of their due povert and ??Mu.?8 cu centorus, while 'h?e ho¡ws S uatLnsfor the PT<SDt life and the future have c?'u?. ? Q r. ij those <?untl? shrines, they have been the "'?? f hoynJit-ss P?tit to the haughty pr?thoodwhMh has exclUsIvely bela tnelQ in powession,

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THE LATE FATHER IGNATIUS. Father Ignatius, Superior of the Retreat" of St. Anne's, at Sutton, near St. Helen's, was on Thursday buried there with all the pomp of liomish ceremonial. A little more than thirty years ago, Father Ignatius" was known to the world as the Hon. and Rev. George Spencer, a minister of the Church of England, and vicar of Brington. The s.,n of an earl, and the brother of a Lord of the Admiralty (Viscount Althorp), the road of clerical preferment seemed plain and easy before him. His tutor, Mr Blomfield, became Bishop of London, and he might, perhaps, have reached a still higher dignity in a Church wbere family influence exercises such a powerful sway. But he could not rest content. He became possessed with the idea that there should be only one Church, and for a time endeavoured to bring back the Nonconformists of his parish into communion with the Church of England. Failing to do this, dounts then arose in his mind as to the correctness of the principles of the Church of England her- self. and so strong Became his scruples concerning the Atha- na-ifan Creed that he declined to read it in the church. His was apparently one of those minds which require some manifest earthly centre of ecclesiastical power and authority. upon which to rest, and before which all individual judg- ment should bow. He could not find it in the Church of England he found it in the Pope and the Church of Rome. Action followed conviction immediately. He threw up his living, and was received into the Church of Rome, where only he believed the truth had been preserved. At that time secessions from the Church of England were not so frequent as they have since become, and Mr Spencer's with- drawal formed the subject of much wondering speculation. After studying for some time in the English college at Rome he was there ordained a priest in 1832. Subsequently he returned to England, and finally, in 1849, joined the Passionists, one of the strictest orders in connexion with the Church of Rome. The principle of this order exactly suited the self deuvinz, ascetic turn of mind which was characteristic of Father Ignatius. By the rules which govern the Passionists, they are enjoined to live a life of poverty and abstinence-to unite in one the mortified life of the Carthusians or Trappists with the active life of the Jesuits or Lazarists. The houses of the congregation are to be situated as far as possible in solitude, and the reli- gious" are for bidden to possess any property, either indi- vidually or in common. To support themselves they are allowed to bez, which they do in Italy, but in England voluntary alms have rendered it unnecessary for the fathers to run the risk of being charged with men- dicancy. They sleep upon straw beds covered by blankets of common wool, and are not allowed to put off their clothes at night except in case of sickness. About eight o'clock they retire to rest; at one they rise and spend an hour and a half in devotions then they return to rest, and rise again at five o'clock in summer and half-past five in winter. The day is passed in study and devotions, and domestic duties of various kinds. It is also a part of their duty to go out on a kind of itinerant mission, preaching here and there, the Passion of our Lord always forming a promi- nent topic of the discourse. There are at present three houses belonging to the order in England—oneat Highgate, neir London; another at Broadway; and the third at Sutton. A very fine 11 Retreat" has also been built at Dublin, at a cost of about £ 20,000, Having joined the Pas- sionists Father Ignatius devoted himself heart and soul to the work he had taken in hand. The conversion" of England to the Roman Catholic faith was the object upon which he had set his heart, and he laboured diligently to- wards that end. The constant theme of all his public and private converse was, 11 Pray for the conversion of England." He travelled not only through the United Kingdom, but also through Italy, Germany, and France, beseeching all to join In supplication that England might return to the old, and as he believed, the true faith; and he died whilst journeying through Scotland on this mission. He had been preaching in Qiascow, ar.d went from thence on his way to the house of a friend and concert," Mr Monteith, of Carstairs He stopped at an intermediate point to perform mass at a Roman Catholic Chapel, after which he proceeded by rail to the station nearest to Mr Monteith's residence. He had nearly reached the house, had been directed by a child the nearest way, and a few minutes after was found dead in the path, disease of the heart being, it is supposed, the immediate cause of death. This occurred on Saturday, and on Monday afternoon his body arrived at Sutton. To the residents of St. Helen's and its neighbourhood Father Ignatius was well known. He had been connected with the 11 Retreat" at Sutton for about two years, having the last 12 months tilled the position of superior. His severe, ascetic cast of features was calculated to attract attention, no less than the dis- tinctive dres- of his order—a long black cloak like garment of coarse fabric fastened at the waist with a bro id leathern belt, and having worked in white upon the left breast and arm a cross and heart, with the motto Je Sux,i Passio," Sandals instead of suoes are worn by the fathers, and an or iinary priest's cap completes the visible attire. With all the outward semolanoe of severity, Father Ignatius was kind at heart, and would listen patiently to the complaint of the meanest and poorest. He was much esteemed, not only by the members of his order, but by all with whom he was brought in contact; and however murh some may do-ibt the truth of the conclusions to which he had come, all must respect the sincerity which led him to sacrifice wordly position and prospects in obedience 10 convictions honestly formed. His secession from the Church of Eng- land had not the effect of estranging him from the members of his family, wi, h all of whom, we believe, he up to the last stood in the most friendly relations; and u,nong-t other noolemen he could co,mt the Etirl of Derby as one of his friends The solemn ceremony of Thursday was atten- ded by membprs of the Passionist Order from all parts of England, from Ireland, and even from Pari". The chapel attached to the Retreat," admission to which was only by ticket, was filled by a highly respectable congregation, most of whom had assumed >,ullll! outward token of mo tun- ing, and whose demeanour was of the most reverential character. Ain )ncst tbose present were Or Ullathorne (Bishop of Birmingham); the Very Rev Father Ignatius (Paoli), Principal of the Order of Passionists in Et.gland and Ireland; the Very Rev. Kather Eugene, first provincial consultor the Very Rev, Father B. rnard, second provincial consultor; the Very Rev. F ither Saivi in, rector of St Saviour's Retreat, Broadway, Worcestt rshue. The s,ervice commenced with the office for t ie dertd, and included a number of p-alms, which were iutoned iu a sort of melancholy min >r key. Then followed a solemn Requiem Mass. At its conclusion the funeral address was delivered by Dr. Uia'horne (tiishop of Birming- iugham), who dwelt at some length upon the life and character of the deceased, and urged his bearers to follow the example of their deceased brothe;, and to work and pray earnestly, as he worked and prayed for the -1 conversion" of England to the true faith." Iu conclusion, Le refirred to the converts which the Romish Church had obtained of late years, especially ainonjst the two classes which Father Ignatius be longed —the gentry and the Anglican clergj and ex- pressed a hope that the "great work" would continue to prosper. Then, whilst the solemn strains of the Miserere rolled through the chapel, a procession was formed to the last res-ting place of the deceased -a vault beneath the chapel. In front came Father Bernard, bearing the cross on high, with two acolytes, having lighted candles in their hands, on each side. Next followed a ceuser bearer then the girls of the school, in white, and the nuns of the Lioly Family next the Father of Order of Passionists, succeeded by those of the Beuedictines and Redemptorists, followed by the secular clergy. The coffin, borne by four men, was n( xt in order, and immediately behind it wa.ked the bishop ac, ompanied by Father Eigene and F*ther Sylvian. Ttio coffin having been placed in the recess prepared for it the ceremony terminated. The remains of the deceased were enclosed in three coffiDS, one of deal, one of lead, and the outside of polished oak. Upon the latter was a plate bearing I the following inscription —" Father Ignatius, of St Paul (Hon Rev. George Spencer), Passionist. Died Octouer 1st. 1864, aged 65 years. RLP." A scroll, setting forth briefly the main incidents of his life, was placed within one of the coffins. In the same vault as tht in whieh the de ceased was placed are the remains of Father Dominic, who first introduced the Order of Passionists into this country, and between whom and Father Ignatius the closest friend- ship existed. A large crowd had assembled outside the chapel to witness the funeral, their conduct being very orderly.-Liverpool Merctti-y.

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W. M. THA.CK.ERAY.—A very interesting little tract, of some thirty P'ges, containing a few letters of Thackeray's written to the Hon. W. B. Reed, an intimate friend of the deceased humourist, has just been printed tor private circu- lation in Ami rica. It is said that there ure some beautiful passages in the letters and the writer occasionally gives the reader a new fact about himself. For instance, we < did not know before that Thackeray once asked Lord Clarendon for the Secretaryship to the British .Legation at Washington. He was answered, nrst, that the place was filled up and, secondly, that it would not be fair to give it out of the ser- vice. WEYHILL GUEA.T FAitt.-This six days' sheep, horse, hops, and cneesa fair was commenced on Monday with the sale of sheep and limos, on Weyhill, a locality in the centre of Hampshire, and about three miles from Andover the pens extended over a large area of land and contained an immense flock of sheep. Toe attendance of flock masters and sheep breeders was very considerable, and many came from the Eastern Counties to purchaso the South ana West Country down sheep. The demand was very active for all kinds of useful store and s'ock sheep, for although the Swede and other turnip crops are short, yet sheep farmer? are partially compensated by the tree and rapid growth of mustard and coll seed and autumn feed on the clover ley, and which materially assists in affording sheep keep in the folds. The fair at Appleshaw last week supplied farmeri with Dorseta (horned sheep), which lamb down this month, and form the main source of supply, ei early fat lambs to the markets, and much of the surplus and uueold sheep catue aNi ay to this fair, and other large droves of Soutndown-bred ewes, tegs, and lambs came direct from Sussex sheep breeders this claas of sheep were in high demand, at very full prices, the following being the selling fiwiir-s: —Soutbdowns, four-tooth and full-mouthed wethers, 49s. to 53s. a li,ad two-tooth and yearling tegs, 318. to 40s per ditto; lambs, wethers, for stores, 24s. to 27s. e,,e lambs, for stock, 23s. to 26s and pens of choice bred'ditto made 30s. a-head. Stock ewes, young and well bred, to larno do-vn early in the new year, 40s. to 48s a-head' fuil-moutbed ewes, Sos. to 38s. and broken mouthed ditto (aged ewes). 28s. to 32s. Somerset and Doeset bred ewes, ready to lamb down, 60s. to 70s. a-head, aud other came at lower rates. Hampshire doiu tegs and well-bred C"1'8 made high prices, ltams of South- d?wn, We?ct'uin-y. and L.ice.ter and other long-wo d b? were sold, and let .tfr.?n 3 to 10 ?uinea? and Pe? 0? tup lambs we.e ill good competition. Nearly all the useful breeds of sheep and lambs were sold. The actual nunioer of Bheep which were penned up for sale is not yet officially declared, the tolls of which go to the rector of the par sU. The long tiers of thatched and slated hop barns are opened for the reception of hops, many waggous of which have arrived by road and rait?, active prep?ious is going on at the cheese stores I e Hampshire eoostabulary have tahen up their old Ituarters In the buildings, and offices for hop factors and agents me being tilted up. The horse show and fair were held on Tuesday, and the great hop mart and cheese market commences on Wednesda) and continues opea during this week.

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I THE WEEK ABROAD, THE WBROAD. Prussia, following the examble of Austria, has just re- cognized the new oynaiity of Greece. The Queensland Assembly have passed an act legalising marriage with a deceased wife's sister. General Paine, of Western Kentucky, whose reign of I terror was recently exposed, has been removed from his com- mand. Several of tbo exiled Circassian chiefs have enlisted in the brilliant personal body-guard of the Turkish Sul- tan. The three Judges of the Supreme Court of Nevada Terri. tory have resigned, after being charged with corruption by the press, and petitioned by nearly 40,000 votes to vacate the benches. A negro in Saccapatoy, Kentucky, charged with hav- ing killed his master, was arrested by the citizens of that I neighbourhood recently, tied to a tree, and burned to death. A new weekly paper, edited by three ladies, has juet been j started in America. Tire fair editors express themselves I strong for the Union," —of course George Thompson, orator and ex-M.P., has settled down in Araeriea, and is making a fortune there, having the patent for manufacturing Bryant and May's lucifers. He ghes his manager a salary of zCSOO a year. A PIUESTLY AKMY.—" There are now," siys the Union, in France six cardinals, 15 at- -hbishops, 69 bishops, Hg vicars-general 660 canons, 3396 cures, 29,630 officiating nriasts, 10,000 supernumerary ditto, 30,0J0 seminarists, and 50,000 persons belonging to different religious orders." At the dinner given to the Prince and Princess of Wales at the British Embassy, Copenhagen, a trifling little contretemps occurred to the Princes", as a dress which she had intended to wear, and which had been sent in from Bernstorf, was accidentally carried off 3gain, and her Royal Highness had to borrow one for the evening. At the camp of Chalons this year (says the Monitetir) each infantry regiment grew in its own garden about 40,800 cabbages, as well as potatoes, carrots, turnips, leeks, &c., in similar proportions In consequence of the favourable result which has attended this system, kitchen gardens for the supply of troops are about to be formed in the priucipal I garrison towns. The German journals state that tne limp^ror of Russia himself solicited the hand of the Princess D,),:nar f -r the Czarewitch in an aut>sjraph letter addressed tJ the King of Denmark, The young Grand Duke has presented to his future bride a peul necklace and bracelets of immense value. The Czar has aNo sent to the Princess the Order of Catherine, and to the Prince Royal that of St. Andrew. A ROYAL CONSCRIPT.—According to the Italie, the Municipal Junti of Turin has just caused to be ported up the list of the young men born in 1814 who are called out by the law on recruitment. At the head of the list stands the name of Prince Humbert. A doctor of St. Etienne, according to the Memorial de It Loire. has received a visit from a singular patient, a youpg lady eighteen year of age, affected with a rare, though not unparalleled, infirmity. She is unable to see while the sun is above the horizon, but sees perfectly well at night and ia complete darkness. A letter from the pen of Mazzini, on the new Convention, appears in the Pays. He considers that the treaty regarding Rome amounts to treason treason against the declarations of Parliament, against toe repeated declarations of Cavour's successors, against the declarations set forth in the plebis- cites to which the kingdom of Italy owes its existence. Pie- biscites, Parliament, Government, country, all have declared that Italy she ild be one, and that R, >me should De the metropolis of Italy. Here now is the solemn dccie which the Convention sanctions the acceptation of its clauses acknowledges the rights of the foreign invader over Rome and over the Italians Italy (he says) is doomed to become enslaved, dismembered, or disloyal. If the Government maintains the clauses of the Convention it decrel's the restoration of the feudal system. Rime given up for two years to a struggle equally ferocious and without issae; Italy a chainel, motionless spectator of tnat struggle -it is a permanent Aspromonts. Tne Pays apolo- gises for giving publicity to the letter by saying that it does so to exhioit it as a monument of human aberra- tion." THE BLIND PRINCESS.—The blind young Princes of was presentei to the li apress Eugenie, at Sijhw ilsach, a I few days ago, and the utmost interest and Rympithy were ex ited by her story. Ttie lady is well known all over Ger- many her princely don-iiu is visited every year by crowds of strangers. The story of the princess H perhaps the most touching romance of the nineteenth century. As a child she had oeen st ilen from ttle g Ardens of the very chateau she now inhabits. A careless nurse, bent on her own en- joyment, had sutferel her master's child to stray towards the river, and when, in answer to the fr-int ia appeals and ttie search made ill every direction, no si^ns of the infant's presence could be discovered, it was concluded tnat soe had fallen into the river and got drowned. The despair of the mother was beyond all description hut the idea of the child's death, accepted by all besides, was rejected entirely by her. When the death of the prince her husband had released her from the obligation to remain in the chateau, sheaet out upon a strange pilgrimage all over t'le continent, fully convin ced that sho would find, one day or other, the object of her search. During ttie emoassy of PrInce Talley- rand she came to London, and was received oy Q reen Add tile with the utmost kindness and sympathy. Soun afterwards she went to the south, still bent ou finding her lost child. One day, the carriage climbing slowly up one of the steep hills in the neighbourhood of Lausanne, she was accosted by a beygar-w .man, holding by the hand a poor olind girl, for wliota she wa.; imploring alms. The itirl looked gentle and sweet tempere J, resembling in no way the harsh vixen whom she called mother. The inmates of the carriage bad fallen inio a dose, and the woman bade the girl sing to arouse the lady. The song was a vulgar ditiy belonging to the disirbt, with no romtti ;e to ens ire att.-n- j tion, and yet it woke the lady fro n her tranc and s'le stopped tne postillion while sue questioned the 4irl as to her origin. Tile day and hour were co ue at lst; every word uttered by the maiden confirmed the suspicion of i lentity Memory was cnnfused-tt had vanished with her sight -but by lint of threats aud premises the woman was tnuie to confess that she hai purchased -(he girl w hen quite au infant from a oeggar woman tike iierself, woo owne I to having deprived her of sight 111 order to excite compas-ion. The locality whence tne child liid been tikeii was prod suffi- cient of the truih. The princess returned home with her p >or blind companion, and devote I her ldl;)le life to the prospect of cure, as she had done bef.,re t ) that of discovery. But all attempts failed, and the m ither tnen gave herself up entirely to the educa'ion of tier helpless charge. In this sue succeeded perfectly, and the princess is considered one of the most accomplished reciters of Uhland and Schiller in all Germany. Before dying the fond m other reaped her reward in the marriage of her daughter with the younu- prince her nephew, and this consolation is the greattst wnich cold be felt by her friends. '1 he young princess ro- eited with tue most req iisite clearness 111(1 pathos two scenes from "Count Egmont" and "the Diver," on the vjg. it to the Empress, while the imperial lady listened en'raoced tbe large tears rolling down her checks as she gazed on the wreck which the wickedness and capiditv of tnan had made of one of the most beautiful works of God's own crea- tion AUSTRALIA -MELBOURNE. Aug. 2-5. —Advices from New Zealand indicate tiie possibility of peace. The rebels are suffering from want of tood. No further military movements have taken place. The shipments of gold during the month a-noont to 16,500oz. Trade dull. CI-IINA. -SIIANGItAf, AUIJ. 22. — According to the latest intelligence received here from Japan, the state of aff,irs had become more complicated. Tnere was a pros- pect of hostilities in the Straits of Shimonosaki. An attu-k on Prince Fagaro's lortificati ins w s expected Tea and silk active. Shipments in the fortnight, 2,0000 bales TUEFlUNCO-irALlAN CONVENTION.-PARIS, Oct. 10 -Tne C'institiUioihiel of this morning, in »a article signed by M. Limayrac, opposes the views of extreme parties | who see in the Convention the fall of tne temporal pOW"'1 and the abandonment of Rome. M. Limayrac says :—"The Convention will be exfemed in letter and spirit. Thihiu otherwise, the ultra 1 aliiu press 'levou,ly insult the King of Italy, as do the cterical re?s the Pope CLOSE OF THE NEW ZEALAND WAR. SUBMISSION OF THE NATIVES. A copy of the following telegram was received on Wednesday at the War Department from the Foreign Office:—From the Acting Consul General, Cairo, to the E onngn Oih, 10th October, 1864. I beg to communicate through your lordship's Office, to the Secretary of fcuate for Wctr, j and to the Quartermaster General, Horse Guards, Lou don, the following telegram, just received from Lieut. Gen. Cameron, dated Tauranga, August 6th A meet- ing took place on the 5th and 6th of August between his excellency the Governor of New Zealand and the natives of Tauranga, at which the latter submitted unconditionally to the Queen's authority, and placed their lands at the Governor's disposal. They have been permitted to return to their lands, a small portion onlv i of which will be forfeited. (Signed) Tnos. READ.

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AMERICA. NEW YOIIK, Sept. 23.-The latest accounts from tbe Shenandoah prove the first report of Sheridan's success oil Mouday to have been greatly exaggerated. Eaily's entire lo- it. is now tdtd, did not exceed 6,000 men, while tnat of the Federals, in killed and wounded alone was upwards of 4,500. At one time the Fedeials, mowed down by the Confederates artillery and musketry fire, were thrown int,) confusion, and were on tne point of giving way, when, by a desperate charge of all his cavalry, Sheridan turned Early's right flank and compelled him to retire. Early continued to fall oack during the 20tti, followed by Sheridan, and on the 21st made a sttnd at lusher s-hill, two and a half miles south of fetrasburgh Sherrduu attacked him in the evening, but was repulsed. Yesterday, it i P"I]., Sheridan renewed the attack and atter a severe conflict, lasting until dark, forced Early to evacuate the position with the Ios.s of 16 cannon. The lopses in killed and wounded upon either ..de are not stated. Ear.y .s bflteeu to have retired towrds Stanton eneral br.e?ut ,? General Cochrane have torna ty withdra%vn from the Pr'sid?iat cont?t. Sept. 24, 11 a.m.-Sheridan reports, at 11.30 p m. on the 9? ?'t?? ??"? Eariy down the Shen.ndoah Valley. There IS yet 110 ne..s of the ('xp.ctfd conflId between the opposing forces on the W,?ldon Ha¡lway. De- spatches from Macon Georgia, of the 17th, to the Richmond L/quner, state that General Sherman had invited Cove, nor Brown, of that State, anti Vice President Stevens to Atlanta, to confer upon the libje(t of peace. Sberman and Ilood have concluded the exchange of 2,000 prisoners upon either side captured upon the reemt banks at Atlanta and Jones- boiouah. The truce lor the removal of the Atlan'a inha- bitants. which expmd on the 22ud, has been extended. New Orleans letters of the 1iith announce that, with the exception of the garrisons left in Forts Morgan and Gaines, General Granger s forces, lately co operating with Admiral Forragut in MODI e, have returned to .hat city. St. Louis j despatches of the 22nd state that General Price, with 25 000 Confederate troops, has cros?d Arkansas ri.r, and is 9,,ing northward. By the admission of a Confederate onicer ? arrested in disguise &t Sandusky Ci'y on the IMh. it appears that the ooject of the Conf?ierate who seized and destroyed the steamers Island Qapen and Pars ns on L?k. Erie was at the outset the capture of the Federal steamer Michigan an d tbe liberation ofthe Johnstown Islaud prisoners. Ihe arrest of the oacer premted the nMeMt?y eo-ope?tica from the land, and compelled the abandonment of the enterprise, The report that two Confederate armed steamers had ap- peared on the Lake was untrue. Postmaster-General Bhir, at the request of Mr Lincoln, has resigned offioe. Ex- Governor Dennison, of Ohio, succeeds him. The reports of the victory gained by General Sheridan at Winchester on the 19th of September are confirmed by the last intelligence, with an important addition The Federal Comrnandr wag able to follow up his advantage, pursue the retreating Confederates, and renew the attack. It is one of the very few instances that have occurred during the war of a success immediately turned to such account. We might almost say it is the only example. The first battle of the war—Bull Run—gave the Confederates an advantage they could lot, at least did not pred, and they thereby missed a chance of taking Washington much as the Allies missed an upportunityof a similar kind after the Battle of the AI'na. Antietam was claimed by the Federils as a victory, but it I ft fhem uuable to molest the well-conducted retreat of the Con- federates M'Clellan's movement on Richmond was baffled, but he saved his army. Hooker Yas ,i,nally defeated at Fre- dericksburg, but notwithstanding his heavy losses withdrew his troops during the night unpursued. Grant's battles in his circuit of Richmond in this s a miner's campaign wasted his forces, but each repulse left him able to form a new plan of operations. Of so many engagements the result has been doubtful or indecisive, so that the de'ails of the Battle of Winchester are likely to be more distinctly remembered than those of greater conflicts. We learn nothing of the first action in addition to the j particulars received by the first report, except an estimate of j the Federal losses, now said to have am unted to 4 .500 in I killed and wounded. The number appears probable from the desperate character of the fighting towards the close of the dty, when for a short time the Confederates had the a I vantage. The Federal were twicti broken by the masked batteries, which an eye-witness states mowed them down" by hundreds. The bittle seems to have been won by supe- rior generalship. Sheridan selected the moment for attack with great judgment. The Confederate forces were extended from Martinsburgh, southwarl to Winchester, a line more than twenty miles in length. After the attack it was too late to briug the scattered diwisiJOs together. One corps was able to Hri -e on the field, in conseq uence of the a dvance of several Federal regiments hating been accidentally delayed, but General Earlv could not collect all his strength for effectual resistance. The very large number of prisoners -t'-sn by the Federals proves the -,int of combination and support on the Confederate side, while the fact that eight of the Southern Generals were killed and wounded speaks to the severity of the 64ht. General Early retreated through the town of Winchester during the night of the 19th and the following day. That his enemy should have been capa- ble of following him so closely is what distinguishes this engagement from so many others. On the 21st the Confe- derates made a stand at a point named Fisher's-hill, aoout three miles south of Strasburg, on a branch of the Shenan- doah River. The official reports state that this point is thirty miles south of the field of battle, but this must be its ex reme distance. It is also described as a stronglv in- trenched position, though, unless previously strengthened, the Confederates after such a retreat must have worked with incredible activity to have constructed any defence wortil naniiniz. Here General Early was attacked by the Federals in the afternoon of the 21st. The first assault was repulsed, but finally the position was turned, and the Confederates were again compelled to retreat, leaving 16 cannon behind them. The Federal Commander could not say how many prisoners he had captured, nor the amount of loss on either Eide. But at the latest date he was continuing the pursuit southwards down the valley of the Shenandoah. I We have yet he ird nothing of thj battle from any South. ern authority. But, on the other hand, the reports art3 given as from the Federal oiffcers in command, and sbte the time and place of every incident very circumstantially. If the details of the second action of the 21st are confirmed, the Confederates have suffered a decided check in Northern Virginia. They have lost from 50 to 70 miles of the ground they held on the 19th. But here the eternal ditficuity of ivar on the American Continent arises to perplex any one who attempts to calculate the consequences of victory or defeat in the field. The extent of territory is so vast that tracts eqjal to two or three English counties may be given UD by a retreating force, without any very perceptible mate- rial dVi\[)t-f to those WHO occupy them. Of nourse, the moral etfect of a victory is not d-itfrmined by this question of space. But in other respects it has a very important bearing on the value of what is won and lost. all the nor- j thern border of Virginia the Confederates were rather in an agiressi>.e than a defensive position; and taeir inroads into Maryland and P nnsylvania have not on the whole oeen fort mate, except as a mode of obtaining supplies. They h-d retreated successfully after the last incursion, but had not entirely qui ted wbai wti-t he considered Northern ground Even after the defeat at Winchester and the retreat of thirty miles southward t Strasourg, the Confederates, on the ground of the second cattle, were actually to the north of Washington, and only seventy miles west of it. In their retreat they skirted the wesiern edge of half the old battle grounds of the war, — Bull Run, Manassas, Front Royal, Gainsville, Fairfax, Culpepper, and several other points on which Washington has t)e,n defended. Except for atOlking the seat of the Federal Government, or making another iriroalinto Mtryland, it is difficult to perceive a mili!aiy reason for retaining an army on the ground which the Confederate General has been compelled to abandon. It is doubtful which waa the main object of General l:'hrly,- to keep Sheridan's army detached from Grant's force at Petersourg, or hold a position from which an attempt to in-;ule ?II nylaud might be renewed. Possibly both purposes might have been combined, and the defeat at Winchester is a consequence of attempting ,too much in presence of a vigi- lant enemy. But, whatever may be the effect of these defeats to the South, they have >ccurred at a tune that trebles their tmpor- tateo to the Federal Government. Sherman, in Georgia, and Sneridan have rescued the official party from the chauce of defeat in the Presidential election We do the Washington Cabinet no injustice in assuming that it values these mili- tary successes more for their etfect on tne election than on the war. They have br ,ken up the Democratic Oppposition and united the Republicans. General Fremont finds his nllrninati'I1 useless, and has declined tne contest. The extreme or Abolitionist section of the Republicans, that was reddy to combine with the war Democrats, is again absorbed into the main body of the party. They still believe, as General Fremont states, that Mr Lincoln's Administra- tion ba, been politically, militarily, and financially a failure, i Lley regret that it must be prolonged, but they are compel- [( (j to rjuogoize hin as a neces-.ity. Atid indeed, Mr Lincoln or his more dexterous supporters, have left so lew points of "'fference between him and the Democratic candidate that l'ter!3 is scareely a question of principle to be tried by the cl.tg8t. Both declare themselves for a continuance of the I i wa'"r (ill it effects the restorati-.u ot the Union, and both let it appear tlley are not wholly unwilling to consider the o^giaility of peace. The chance of the Democrats managing anv future c.mpaigns more skilfully or with belter luck is scarcely" «orth dividing upon. With these successes ill the field Mr L'ncoln can arford to drop the fanatics of his party and rely on the moderate men, who may possibly be joined by considerable numbers of the Democrats, who, like Gene rtl FrelDont, admit the unwelcome necessity of the time. II e second def- at of the Confederate Armv of Virginia will i incalculably strengthen Mr Lincoln's political position. it by no means follows ibat the check will be disas- trous to the Southern cause in the same proportion. Tiines. NEW YoRK, Sept. 27.—General Sheridan was six miles ?,h of Newmarket on Saturday. No further eng,?g?rne,,t, ?' Gen?-r?l Eddy had occurred. Secretary St HJ I on state, ?" t the Federals captured at Fisher'a-hi? l.luO prisoners, •■* ■(Waiinon, and a large quantity of material, but is still reti- cet t up oil their lonsta. Confederate accounts of the Battle fWinc"est'er state the Confederate losses at 2,500 killed wounded, and missing, and three cann n. All the tr,in, and supplies were safely removed, ibe Confederate Gential price has entered Missouri with his whole army; hi- advance occupied Farmington, 60 miles south of St. Louis, yesterday. General Rosecrans has concentrated his forces oppose his advance, and has appealed to the pe,)ple to rally to the dc-fence of the State. Business is suspended in St. Louis, and the citizens are organizing and are arming themselves in anticipation of an attack upon the city General Forrest, with 9,000 men, captured Athens, Alabama, on the Nashville and Decatur Railway, on the '4th He has since destroyed a portion of the track and hri ize over Eky lliver, and is matching upon Pulaski, Tennessee. It is teared that he will also cut tbe Nashvill, and Bolifar Railway, thereby severing all General Sherman's communications with Na-hville. General Roussean h,t, marched to attack him. General Canby, at New Orleans, reports that General Steele, at Little Rock, Arkansas, hli" heavily reinforced, and has resumed tbe offensive. An unauthenlicated rumour of the surrender of Mobile to Admiral Farragut reached this city, via Memphis and Cairo, yes erday. It is without date, and is entirely disbelieved rioth here and at Washington. Despatches received from I Louis*il'e jesterday positively asserted that Governor Brown of Georgia, had submitted propositions for peace to General SheTIUan. Later in the day it was reported from Washing* ton thal the propositions had been forwarded to Mr Lin- coin, and were t¡,cn under consideration by him. This morning's papers contradict the latter statement, but Louis- ■ ville telegrams just received re-affirm the former, and add j that Genei a 1 Sherman had despatched Commissioners into the Confederate lines to discuss the proposition personally with Governor Brown and Vice-President Stephens. Sept 29. —General Grant reports that Gener ,I Ordforth advancell this morning and captured a strong line of intrenchuients in his tront, together with 15 cannon and 100 prisoners also that at the same time General Birney advanced on Deep Bottom, carried the Confederate works on the Newmarket-road, and is marching upon Richmond Gentral Price, in Missouri, has occupied Potosi and Mineral Point, within 50 miles of St. Louis, and surrounded the Federal garrison at Pilotknobs. There was considerable skirmishing near Puaski, Tennessee, on Monday and Tues- day, but no attack upon the town. Yesterday General For- rest moved towards Fayetteville. General Rousseau fol- lowe d at a short distance, but, fearing a flank movement by General Forrest, retreated upon Nashiilio. Richmond papers state tbr-.t Sheridan's ravalry occupied Staunton and Wavnes'iorough on the 26in, and commenced destroying the V rlui. Central Riilwayr. No direct intelligence t r') in Sheiiuau has been received for several days, in consequence ot the capture of his couriers by Confederate cavalry in his rear. O-t. 1.—General Warren advanced against and carried the rstri me right of the Petersburg mtrenchmenis yesterday. General Meade also advanced aud occupied a position near Poplar-grove Church, on the Petersburg and Lynchburg i Hailay. The Confederates attacked Ordforth, on the Jam. a lii-er, yesterday, but. wire repuised. No further movements by birney. General Price continues his advance into Mis- souri. No engagement has been announced. General For- rest has commenced destroying the Nashville and Cbatta- nooga Railway. -U(?n,r?' I Sheridan was at Harrisonburg on the 29th, and at Cha?ottenlle on the same day, reinforced. G?otd 189h. The intellgence from New York, says the Times, is to the 1st of October, or ten days subsequent to the last engage meat between the Confederates and Federals at Pisher s- hill. Considering trie time 1 hat has elapsed since the but«.P, the additional details respecting it are s'nguldrly fzlV and vague. This ignorance of particulars so eagerly expected in the North may tie explained by a fact not altogether of good oniea. The Confederate canity it 1414 to lure got into General Sheridan's rear and cut off his despatches to the Government. Nothing had been beard from him except by rumour for several days. A Southern account of the Con- federate losses in the Battle of Winchester reduces them to 1"sR than a third of the Federal estimate. The Northern reports of the hurried flight and confusion of Gen. Early's force also appear exaggerated, since he carried all his trains and supplies with him in his retreat from Winchester. From the stand he made at Fisher's-hill the Corfederates must have made a fighting retreat, and not been thrown into th11 disorder of a total route, as a- first stated. But at this moment all the Northern accounts must be received very cautiously. Every incident in the field is, if po-sibls, | made to serve the purpose of the Government party in the Presidential election, and if the brightest account is believed for a few hours the object is gained. In Missouri and Alabama, on the other hand, the Confederates are resuming the offensive, and pushing their operations with an appear- ance of success. They have invaded Missouri with a whole army, and are only 60 miles from the capital, St. Louis, in which all business is suspended by divided feeling and panic. In Alabama they are destroying the railroads and cutting off General Sherman's com,nunicaf ions. In fact, the news from the South aud West goes so far to compensate the check the ConfeJerates have sustained in Virginia that it is doubtful to which sid3 the balance of su-xess really inclines. But, politically, the Federal Commanders have done their work for the Republican party. The war spirit, again excited, will burn fiercely till the election is concluded and till November this great contest will be the absorbing question.

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REPORTED DEFEAT OF SHERIDAN. NEW YORK, Sept 30.-Heavy firing was heard on Grant's left during last night. The Federals have eva- cuated Pilot Knobb, Missouri, after exploding the fort magazine. It is believed that Farragut will be trans- ferred to the North Atlantic fleet, when it is expected he will attack Wilmington. Admiral Lee will command in Mobile Bay. President Davis, in a spoech made at Salisbury, North Carolina, referred to the recent reverses of the Confederate arms, and stated that though there was a temporary gloom yet the spirit of the Confederacy was unbroken, and peace and indepen- dence would be wrung from the hated foe. Ha urged all absent soldiers to return to the army. General Hooker has been appointed to remain in the west It is rumoured that the Georgia State authorities referred the question of a peaceable settlement to the Confede- rate Government. NEW YORK, Oct. 1.—Secretary Stanton reports that no news has been received from Sheridan since Sunday. The Southern papers contain a report that Sheridan attacked Early on Monday at Broome's Gap, and was repulsed, whereupon Early assumed the offensive, and drove Sheridan back six miles to Port Republic, and, it was believed, across the Shenandoah river at that point. Grant reports yesterday afternoon that Warren had attacked and carried the enemy's line on the extreme right, capturing a number of prisoners. He immediately prepared to follow up his success. General Meade moved from his left this morning, and carried the enemy's line near Poplar Grove. A report from General Butler announces that an assault by the enemy in three columns yesterday afternoon near Chapin's Farm had been repulsed. Forrest reported from Fayetteville that he was moving his whole force to Chattanooga Railroad, and all bridges between Athens and Pulaski had been destroyed for 30 miles. Forrest also reports that he had captured 1,300 prisoners, two guns, and a large quantity of stores at Athens. Rousseau is at Tullahoma No communication has been received from Nashville south of Murfreesboro'. Around Irontown, Arcadia, and Potosi, in Missouri, Price is doing considerable damage. NEW YORK, Oct. 1 (Afternoon). Unofficial des- patches from the army of the Potomac report that the action on the north side of the James River was attended with very successful results-Fort Morgan, Chapin's Bluff, and six other strong earthworks, together with 16 guns and 503 prisoners, being captured. Birney has gained an important position on the Newmarket road, seriously menacing Richmond. On Thursday the Federals were within five miles of Richmond, and Gene- ral Burnham was killed. One division of the 18th Corps suffered severely. Sheridan reports on Thursday that he pursued Early to Port Republic. His cavalry destroyed much property at Stanton and Waynesboro'. Earlv's army is reported to be demoralised.

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THE DISAPPEARANCE OF ANOTHER CROWNED I HEAD. I Another crown is about to be struck from the head of a reigning monarch; another country is on the p lint of dis. appearing from the map of Eirope. The portentous news is brought by the Austriau papers that the principality of Lichtenstein, a.soverein State of the German Confederation, is about to be annexed ti the empire of Francis Joseph I. It is said that the illustrious head of the Stite is displeased with his subjects, and the subjects are displeased with him, and, that, to solve the mutual dissatisfaction, Lichtenstein is to be given up to and incorporated with Austria. The history of the principality furnishes a curious example of the way in which the petty States of Gertaany grew into existence, and its present of)flditi,)n gi,,s a significant hint as to the manner in which most of them will probably become extinct before Ion, The no;v reigning family of Lichtenstein trace their descent to a Lombard noble of the house of Este, who married a Suabiau heiress in the. eleventh century. The union proved prolific, and the branches of the Estes soon spread far and wide through Germany. They did a little in the pawnbroking business now and then, and occasionally lent sums of money, at high interest, to the needy Kaisers, which the latter were not always able to repay. But, if not in ca-h, Germanic majesty often repaid in honour: and better still in grants of land. Thus the Lombard family got the principality of 1 roppau, in Silesia, by a grant of the Eonper or Matthias, in 1614, and, nine years after, a gift of tbe neighbouring province of Jagendorf, under the seal of Ferdinand II. At the same time the head of the house was made a prince of the empire, in which position the chief of the ndxt generation foriified himself by purchasing the large domain of Vaduz and Schellenberg, on the riifht bank of the Rhine, adjo ning the Swiss canton of the Grisons. It is this domain, embracing an area of 64 square miles, which at present forms the sovereign priuci palityof Lichtenstein. The Congress of Vienna, which "mediatised," or uncrowned, a goodly number of the petty princes of Germany, many of them possessed of a much larger extent of territory than that belonging to the old Lombard family, left, curiously enough, Lichtenstein as an independent State. By the Act of Constitution of the Germanic Confederacy, signed June 8, 1815, it was solemn- ly declared that the principality of Lichtenstein should form one of the thirty-nine sovereign States of the Bund that the reigning prince should have a full vote in the general assembly of the Diet, and that he should contribute ninety men and one drummer to the army of the Vaterland, In tie half t century which has elapsed since the Congress of Vienna, the sovereign princes of Lichtenstein have faithfully carried out the articles of the constitution by keeping a representative at the Diet of Frankfort but they have not fulfilled their Confederate duty regarding the army. Lich- tenstein has not truly maintained the regiment of ninety soldiers and one drummer, demanded by the Germanic con- stitution, and forming part, together w th the hosts of Reuss-Schleiz, SchwarzOurg-Sondershausen, and Schaum- lurg- Lippe, of the second division in the tenth corps d'armee of the Confederal)! It is here that lies the root of the dissatisfaction which at present exists in the principality of ijichtenstein, and which has led to its proposed incorporation itito the Austrian Empire. The subjects of the Prince of Lichtenstein, numbering, according to trie last census, 7,150 souls, appears to be im- iued ttitti strong republican notions, owing, no doubt, to their close neighbourhood to Switzerland. About a year after the Congress of Vienna they notified to their Sovereign Johann I., that they had no objection to be under his rule, but that they could not afford to pay him anything for his trouble iu ruliug them-ivi other word-, could give him no ci»il list. His serene highness was kind enough to say it did not matter. He graciously informed his subject s that, being rich, money was of no consequence, ai:d he would undertake to govern them gratis. This was satisfactorily settled so far but there ar.),o another source of troubie finder the next monarch, Aloys I., who ascended the throne in 1836. His faithful subje,s, fLer t,is accession, made a humble remonstrance, showing that though he ruled them personally free of expense, the princely government was pei* se attended witli personal outlay, and it would be just, therefore, thai his highness should give them something annually, or at least grant them an occasional loan, witbo.it interest, and for au indefinite perijd. Aloys 1. consented to lend the money, aud asks no questions; out at the same time, fearing every one of his faithful subjects niight imitate theexiifopte of the nation, be removed his residence from Vadux, the capital of Li btenstein, to Vienna. This natu- rally caused great dissatisfaction, but it was nut till tue accession of another Sovereign, Joh .nn II, the Prince still reigning, that the angry feelings found vent in a fresh ebullition or modest kind of insurrection. Oue fine morning, a deputation from the principality appeared before the palace of friuce Johann at Vienna, telling him that unless he cousented to take up his residence for some months in the year at Vadux. his subjects would withdraw their alle- giance. Johann consented tn the residence consented, at the same time, to the proclamation of a new constitution, vesting the sole legislative power of the realm in a Chamber of Representatives, ot 15 members; and consented, last not least, to grant another loan to his faithful subjects. This was io 1852; and things went on smoothly for several years, till there sprang up a new difficulty within the last few months. By the terms of the Germanic Act of U Ilion, before mentioned, Lichtenstein has to furnii-h an army of ninety men, with one drummer, for the defence of the Vaterland. The army, however, never existed, and the sovereign State of the Confederation could not be made to bring forth even so much as the solitary drummer. At the instance of the reigning family, Austria undertook, for the last half century, to furnish the necessary quota of troops for the Germanic Confederation, in consideration of the Prince being a vassal of the empire, his immense private estates, more than thirty times as large as the principality Lichtenstein, bting situated in Austrian Silesia. It was undt rstood, on the part of the Cabinet of Vienna, that the people of Licht n- stein should pay for the military service thus rendered but the people never paid, ha«i;ig evidently a great objection to spend th(-;r cash in a luxurious manner. On the Austrian Government pressing its demands, m(,re recently the subjects of Johann II. frankly called upon the serene high III s- to disctiarge the debt out of bis own pocket. But this the Prince refused to do, thinking it enough on his part to govern his subjects gratis, and to lend them money in the bargain. Great mutual dissatisfaction wastheconseouence and it seems that Prince Johann has resolved now to divest himself of his crown and sceptre ia favour of Francis Joseph 1. There will thua be one crowned head less in Eu- rope. The mere existence of such petty States as Lichtenstein is sutliciently absurd to damp alls, rrQ*8 for the crown and seeptre of Johann II. But leaving alone Johann and his crown, there is another aspect of the matter not without politioai imporuaoe, From the recent attitude o( feulLA and Austria it seems highly probable that the appetite for swallowing little States has just set in, and therefore the annexation of Little Lichtenstein may very likely be a mark for the commencement of a new era. The theory once accepted, that a petty sovereign may make over his subjects, like a Bock of sheep, to another potent te, it may be carried to any length. There is little doubt that at least one-half of all the free and independent Princes of Germany would sell their States for a consideration," as the rulers of Hohenzollera- Hechiugen and Hohenzollern Sigru arin ireri did in 184 3. The history and present position of these petty princes is all, more or less, that of the ruler of Lichtenstein, an,1 though they manage to squeeze more money out of their subjects than the latter generous monarch, their actual income is seldom enough for their wants. Globe.

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MR. GLADSTONE AT BOLTON. The Chancellor of the Exchequer was presented with an address of deep gratification at his visit, and of admira- tion of his statemanship, by the Mayor of Bolton ouTues- day, in presence of 3,000 people, packed so closely in the Temperance Hall that a working man was carried out fainting. After speaking of the financial psosperity of the country, in alluding to the cotton famine, Mr Glad- stone regretted the recurrence of distress in Lancashire, but believed it was not a question of years but only of months as to its permanent relief: We may now venture as far as it becomes a frail being like man to give an opinion on such a matter—we may now venture to say that the knot of the problem is in the main untied, and that sources of supply do exist in the world which will sustain the future prosperity of the cotton industry of England, and probably tend to place it upon a firmer basis than it could ever be said to occuy when it depend- ded almost entirely on the productions of America, and when those productions themselves were due to a state of society and to a description of labour which in this country we look upon as being unnatural and contrary to the best interests of humanity." The progress of the country, politically as well as com- mercially, was a matter of congratulation, though something yet remained to be done:—"When I speak of what remains to be done, I don't at all mean to say that we stand now as we stood thirty years ago. On the contrary, crying grievances, gross evils, and mischief have with great prudence, wisdom and circumspection, but at the same time, with great firmness and decision, been remedied. The improvements that are before us are, therefore, in many respects of a different character from the improvements that lay behind us to be made. There are adjustments to he made which our institutions will require. The progress of education, the progress of good and sound habits in the community, the increasing confidences which unite classes together,—all these things point to a gradual enlaigement of the privileges possessed by the people, and sure we may be that as the necessity and the occasion for such changes are felt, a liberal disposition to adjust such changes will likewise be felt among us. (Cheers.) I trust we shall never live again to see the time, a time bearing the smallest resemblance to the great public crisis which marked the commencement of the reign of William IV.-the crisis known as the crisis of the Reform Bill. The triumph then achieved was not only in itself a great advantage to the countr;, but I think it was a pledge that altogether improvements would be at- tained by a process less critical and violent. I hope the time is coming when more and more all social and poli- tical questions will be disposed of, not by violent action but by friendly persuasion, by the close contact of mind with mind, by a constant diffusion of information, by keeping the people well apprised of all the Legislature is doing and intending for them, and that there will be a gradual substitution of what we may call moral force in the settling political controversies for that dangerous manifestation that has often been the only means of remedy available in other times for the removal and cure of grievances." Mr Gladstone then complimented the penny press on its general freedom from impurity of tone or ministering to bad passions. These papers, he said—" Had been second to none in their regard for moral principle, in their res- pect for personal character, in their fidelity to the duties they have undertaken, and lastly, let me add-for it is a vital element-in the cause of attachment to the law and in loyalty to the Throne -(cheers) itland that press in my opinion has proved to be not only a means of con- veying innocent and useful information to the masses of the population, but it has been a powerful political engine, contributing to the stability of our institutions, conveying home to the mind of the working man a sense of his interest in the country, and is in point of fact entitled in the highest sense to the honourable designation of a thoroughly conservative power. (Cheers.) I trust that we may venture to look forward to a continuance and increase of those feelings of mutual regard which now happily unite together the several portions of this community, and I trust that also it may be the happy privilege of the people of this country to be governed in future generations as they are governed in the present age, by a sovereign whose affection for her people, whose knowledge of the principles of the Con- stitution, whose fidelity and attachment to those princi- ples, and whose exhibitions of every personal virtue and qualities of excellence may make her a model for imitation, as well as an object, which she is, of tenderest and warmest attachment throughout all classes of the community." The right hon gentleman sat down amid loud and continued cheering.

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NARROW ESCAPE OF A PARTY OF VOCALISTS —On the night of Friday last, a party of vocalists, amongst whom were Miss E. Wynne, Miss Elton, Mr Inkersall, Mr E. Ransford, and Mr J. Taylor, were returning to Glasgow in a carriage and pair from a concert given at the Vale of Levan. When within ten miles distance from the city the driver fell from his box, and the horses started off at full speed, to the no small terror of the occupants of the vehicle. In this dilemma Mr Taylor opened the door and jumped out, followed by Mr Inkersall, who narrowly escaped beiag run over, his hat being caught and crushed under the wheels. After two or three "rollings over," Mr Taylor succeeded in getting on his feet, and started in pursuit of the fugitive horses, who were dragging their terrified burden at a terrific speed through the black darkness. After a sharp run of nearly a quarter of a mile, Mr Taylor succeeded in overtaking the horses and arresting their further flight, and after a few minutes' deliberation it was determined that some of the gentlemen should return in search of the driver. They did so, and dis- covered him lying doubled up and partially stunned, but in no way injured. On raising him it was found that he was drunk. He was accordingly assisted by two or three of the party to reach the carriage, but, on being required to take a seat at the back, he obstinately refused, insisting on being allowed to resume the reins. Knowing it would be madness to again allow the drunken man charge of-the horses, Mr Taylor undertook to drive the party to town. Arriving at a small bridge over a canal, and being unacquainted with the road, Mr Taylor pulled up to ascertain whether there might be danger in crossing, when the driver jumped down from his seat behind, declaring he would not allow the carriage to proceed any farther, and seized the horses heads. After a struggle and altercation, and finding there was no police station near, it was determined to resort to force to get the excited man away. This was done after some difficulty, two or three of the party detaining him by the roadside until the carriage had proceeded a little distance. They then freed him, and overtook the carriage, having no option but to leava him behind either to rest for the night by the roadside or make his way to the town on foot. The party at length reached Glasgow in safety, and delivered the carriage and horses at their destination. PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS. Rev. R. P. Bent; Vicar of Melchbourne, Beds. Rev A. F. Ben- well Curate of Lnughton, Sussex.-Rev J. Beresford Curate of Walcot, Bath.—Rev W. de Pipe Belcher; Perpetual Curate of Tburlby.-Rev W. Blissard, M.A. Cueate of Harbledown.-Rev A.H.Carey Curate of Wa- denhoe, Ouudle.—Rev H.J.Cheales Curate of Friskney, Lincolnshire. Rev A. Child; Curate of Langton Chapel, Speldhurst.—Rev J. Daly Curate of Long- wood, Yorkshire.—Rev E G. Dawson; Rector of Otten Belchamp, Essex —Rev J. H. T. M. De Mowbray Curate of Caistor, Lincolnhire.-Rev J. Dun; Curate of Mary, Leeds.—Rev S. A. Ellis; Vicar of Long Itchington, Warwick.—Rev J. Fowler, M.A., Head Master of the Lincoln Grammar-school; Chaplain and Warden of St. Anne's Bedehouses, Lincoln.—Rev T. Grabham, M A.; Curate of S ttingbourne.—Rev F. H. Ilichens, B.A.; Curate of Speldhurst.—Rev W. H. Holman, AI.A, Chaplain to H.M.S. Formidable Sheerness. -Rev R. Kendall; Curate of St. Bartholo- mew, Bethnal -green. -Rev F. H. Knapp, M.A.; Curate of Patrixbourn.-Rev J. Lea; Perpetual Curate of Stuh. ocklach, Cheshire.-Rev C. B. Mayhew; Curate of Christ Chapel. Maida-hill, Middlesex.-Rev J. T. Nos- worthy; Curate of Bierley, Y orkshire.-Rev A. S. Porter Curate of Settle, Yorkshire.-Rev C. W. Roherts; Curate of St Itary's, Low Harrogate, York- s;r,e.-Re: \V. A. S. Robertson, Chaplain to the Earl of Tankerville Curate of Fryerning, Essex.-Rev W. Scott, Curate of St. Peter's, Yauxhall; Vicar of Exhall, OJven try. Patrons, the Earl and Countess of Ayles- fo,d .-Itev C. H. Stocks; Curate of Penistone, York- shire.-Ilev J. J. Taylor Perpetual Curate of St. Mary's, Jarrow Docks, Durham.—Rev M. Terry; Vicar Of Kelsterne, Lincolnshire.—Rev J. Thompson Curate of Crowle, Lincolnshire.—Rev E. W. Warren; Curate (sole charge) cf East and West Cranmore.—Rev C. C. Wharton Curate of St. Michael, Sutton Bonnington, Notts.—Rev J. Williamson, M.A.; Curate of Sellliidge. Rev F. E. Woodcock Rector of Northleigh, I-Ioniten. Patron, John Woodcock, Esq.—Rev R. F. Woodward Curate of Chapelthorpo, Yorl;rhire.-Rev G. L. Wool- combe; Rector of Sennen, OornwalL-Rev A. G. Wood- ward Rector of Belton, Yorkshire,

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AN EXECUTION.—Th? elder Matthews arrived cue day at a f..rt<.r..counry.nn andaddr?s.ng a lugubrious waiter, inquired if be could ha,?e a chicken anda?r.gus h? mys'enouB serving man IIhoo hl head » L I h»vV1 duck, then?" No, Sir." "H? have a Chop r" -Not cue/Sir." <^n L°U ?Y m?OB r. as y,,u have no smrbtU>" b>Sg 8oaJetb:,nS to drink. Hav" 1,7 ny •c:;e n-plied  -? pr.f.u? ft & we Ire out of Pilits. II Then, in Wonlier'. naØlt WL&t b?. ?U ?? ? tte hem r »'