The Cardiff Times

frHtf tARGfigf frROPRIETAft WTRNISHING ESTABLISHMENT y INTfiE WORM). INTfiE WORM). 0/ ESTAfcLlSHEft ..S '*1% 1848. and 79 Xvyy llA!IIP.SfKA» R0AI* (Near Tottenham Courfc-rd.) I. ON DO 1*1 y^TaV/ A" Carpets made up Free o f ^/Charge, and when prepaid sent s Carriage Paid to any Railway Station in England «r Wales. f 4109 ?'-■■■ It.H7STR.ATED C*TU.Qr;trF.T»OST FRF,E.

The Welsh Land Com- o 0 missioners. I The following biographical particulars of the Welsh Land Commissioners, who commenced their labours at Cowbridge on Tuesday, will be of special interest:— LORD CARRINGTON. The chairman of the commission. Lord Carring- ton, P.C., G.C.M.G., is the third baron, and was born May 16th, 1843. He Was formerly captain in the Royal Horse Guards, is Lieut.-Col. 3rd Battalion Oxford- shire Light Infantry, a D.L., and J.P. for Bucks, and Joint HereditaryLordGreat Chamberlain. He was A.D.C. to the Prince of Wales in India in 1875-6, and captain of the Hon. Corps of Gentlemen- at-Arms, 1881-5. In December, 1885, Lord Carrington succeeded Lord Loft ua as Governor of New South Wales, and at once made himself a great favonrite with all sections of the community, and retained his popularity during the whole term of Governor- ship. During Lord Carrington's stay in Now South Wales he was a warm supporter of a Federated Australia, which he believed would prove a great and powerful nation, and, while keeping to the strictest letter of constitutional law, always supported the national rights and aspirations of the Australian Colonies. On the expiration of his term ot office in November, 1890, Lord Carrington was succeeded by the Earl of Jersey. His lordship married the Hon. Cecilia Margaret Harbord, daughter of Lord Suffield. LORD KENYON is an active politician in Flintshire, and notwith- standing that his Conservative principles set him in opposition to the majority of the electorate in Flintshire, he is personally esteemed, and in no small degree popular, as was evidenced by his election as county councillor. His lordship's appointment as a commissioner ensures due inquiry into circumstances that can only be fully understood by a landowner in Wales, and which it is needful to have brought out if the investiga- tion is to be thoroughly satisfactory. Lord 'Kenyon was born July 5th, 1864, and succeeded his grandfather in the title in 1869. He was educated at Eton and Oxford. Among "tber public work which he has aided an ay be mentioned that of the University College, Bangor, he being a member of the agri- cultural committee of that institution. The jvhole of his estates, with the exception of a few hundred acres (held in Lancashire and Shropshire) "ra in Flintshire and Denbighshire. MR D. BRYNMOR JONES, Q.C., M.P., is the eldest son of the Rev. Thomas Jones, "the Welsh Poet-Preacher," who was chairman of the Congregational Union of England and Wale?, ana successively min- ister of Bedford Chapel, London, W alter-road Chapel, Swansea* and Collins- street Church, Mel- bourne. He was educated at Univer- 'Jifly College School «d University Col- lege, London, but the Religious tests then Jxisfcing at Oxford and Dambridgedenied him the privilege of finish- ing his education within the classic walls of the older Univer- sities. In 1869 he matriculated at the university of London, and graduated LL.B. !m 1874 with Honours in Common Law And Equity. In 1876 he was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple, and joined the South Wales and Chester circuit. His forensic skill Soon brought him a large practice, and from 1882 Be was engaged in nearly all the principal causes an 'the circuit, and had a very large oommercial Mid arbitration practice. In June of 1885, find- ing the strain of the Bar too great, he accepted the county-court judgeship of the Mid-Wales J is trie t, and was afterwards transferred to the tloucestershire and Wiltshire circuit. Mr rynmor Jones was then only 33 years of age, tad enjoyed the distinction of being by far the r/oungest county-court judge in England. Last fear he resigned to stand for Parliament, being fleeted as the Liberal candidate for the Stroud Division. He was returned at the poll by a majority of 203 over Mr G. Holloway, the Con- servative candidate, who was elected for the constituency in 1886 by a majority of 709 votes. MR F. SEEBOHM is a student of economics, having given par- ticular attention to the land question, and published The English Village Community," a work evidencing care- ful research. He is a banker, being partner in the firm of Sharpies and Co.'sHitchinBank. Added to the [qualifica- tion arising from this business connection he is a. barrister, and during his earlier years was a contributor to the "Fortnightly Review of articles on economic history. For a lucid and judicial present. menb of the results of inquiry, free from in. fluence of prejudice or interest, Mr Seebohm's share in the work will doubtless stand out prt- eminent. Mr Seebohm was born in 1833 at Brad- ford, Yorkshire, and was educated at the Friends' School, York. PROFESSOR RHYS. Professor John Rhysjthe distinguished profes- sor of Celtic at Oxford University, is a native of Cardiganshire, where he was born in 1840.. After receiving an element- ary education in the neighbourhood of the place of his birth he proceeded, in 1865, to Jesus College, Oxford, and in 1869 was elected a fellow of Merton College. Subsequently he prosecuted his studies abroad, going to the Sorbonne, the College de France, the Universities of Heid- elberg, Leipzig, and Gottingen. In 1871 he was appointed her Majesty's Inspector of Schools for Flintshire and Denbighshire. In 1877 he became pro- fessor of Celticat Oxford University. The same year saw the publication of his Lectures on Welsh Philology," while in 1882 he published his work en Celtic Britain." He is the author of various other works, including one on the Arthurian Legend. MR J. M. GRIFFITHS. Mr J. M. Griffiths, of Penally Court, is noted as a most successful breeder of the far-famed Castlemartin cattle. He is a tenant farmer and an experienced agriculturist, his ser- vices being often in request as judge at cattle and agricul- tural shows. He has a very intimate acquaintance with the position of affairs in p os the rural districts of South Wales, upon matters- connected with land and land tenure holds very dis- tinct views. His practical knowledge should be of great service on the com- mission, inasmuch as it is the experience of the practical farmer USTA will avail most in reaching right conclusion npon needed amendment of the law. MR RICHARD JONES. Mr Richard Jones represents the tenant farmers of North Wales, he being an influential "gnculturist in Montgomeryshire. He was educated at Aberyst- wyth University Col- and is a member of the" Young Wales" l^rty. He hag a, very close knowledge of all that relates to the Well-being of farmers pt all classes, includ- ing dairymen, market gardeners, and raisers stook, and his close ^sociation with men af this class must make him a most Useful member of the commission. The spe- £ 'al conditions of ^Jorth Wales will, through his instru- mentality, be duly brought out. SIR J. T. D. LLEWELYN. It is unnecessary to give South Wales readers introduction of Sir 3. T. Dillwyn Llewelyn, 'I has so long been prominently and honourably associated with public affairs in this part of the country, that not only his name but also his. per- sonal presence have become familiar to all who take interest in current events. As Conservative candidate he has contested Cardiff, Swansea, Gower, and South Glamorgan elected to the county council, he was chosen alderman of that body and, in anticipation of the inquiry, he joined in preparing evidence for the commis- sioners. MR EDWIN GROVE. The chairman of Monmouthshire County Council is also widely known. He was born in Staffordshire in 1832, and came to this district in 1852, entering the Pontypool Iron and Tin-plate Works as accountant. These works were subse- quently taken over by the Ebbw Vale Company; and in 1864 Mr Grove removed to London to take up the duties of secretary to that company. Afterwards he returned to Monmouthshire, still in connection with the Ebbw Vale undertaking, and remains associated with that enterprise. His views on the land question may be gauged from the fact that he is a. vice-president of the Financial Reform Association. He is on other questions an advanced Liberal. Monmouth County Council chose him chairman at its institution, and re- elected him this year. He is a. harbour commis- sioner for Newport, chairman of Monmouthshire Joint Education Committee, and vice-chairman of the standing joint committee.

WALES AND THE WORLD'S FAIR. Vastness of the Exhibition. [FROM A WELSH CORBESPONDKNT. 3 Three years have been spent on the creation of the World's Columbian Exhibition, and to-day it is an accomplished fact, the crowning monument of hu.nan ingenuity and achievement. The area covered by the World's Fair at Chicago, is 'e" 716 acres, while the site of the Paris Exhibition covered only 238 acres. The largest buildings of about 100 in number, is that of the manufactures and liberal arts, covering 30 acres, and its colonade on the western side is one-third of a mile in length. This is probably the largest structure ever reared by human hands. The Coliseum of Reme could be thrown into it, with room for 100 good-sized dwelling-houses sur- rounding the Roman wonder. This structure alone cost 2300,000. England has secured the central position in this building. Some idea of the immense extent of the buildings may be formed when one is informed that on any given day one million of visitors can easily find room without pressing against each other; and if a man were to walk 10 hours each day, be could not make the entire round of all the buildings in less than a week. DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITY. The labours of the chiefs of departments have been truly herculean. The nature and extent of their labours can be best compared to those of members of the Cabinet of a great Government in time ot a great crisis. There is, for instance, the department for foreign affairs. To secure the participation of foreign nations in the enterprise was a difficult task, entailing an immense corres- pondence throughout the whole habitable globe, and the removal of countless hindrances which always stand in the way of establishing cordial relations between nations with widely different characteristics. One of the chief difficulties which this department had to encounter is getting ex- hibitors reconciled to the protective policy of the United States. According to the admission of Chief Fearn, the prejudice against the policy has been strong and universal. One of the most use- ful lessons of the exhibition to Americans will be to see how the world at large cling to what has been termed as the inalienable right of every human being to buy and sell in the best market. The other departments are manufactures, liberal arts, transportation, horticulture, fsheries, mines, electricity, agriculture, fine arts, music, and publicity and promotion. MUSIC FOR THE CROWD. Of all the departments, that of music will be of greatest interest to Welsh visitors, for in that department they are expected to distinguish themselves. Three balls will be used for musical purposes—the recital hall, seating 400; the music hall, seating 2,500 and the festival hall, seating 6,500. A six-months' musical programme is being prepared. Many choral organisations will appear from time to time, giving separate concerts in the music-hall, or combining for festival performances in the larger hall. The chief cities of the States will be represented 10 these performances. Special prominence has been given to the Welsh- men's four days' innings. German, Swedish, and united Scandinavian societies Are Also on the list. Chicago itself will farflisli its Apollo Club, 600 voices; Festival Chords, 1,200; World's Fair Children Chcrne, 1,400; Mr Katzenberger's German-American Chorus, 500; and Mr Balafka's Mannerchor, 500. The larger works already decided upon include Handel's Messiah, Jubilate, Judas Maccabosus, and Israel in Egypt; Bach's Passion Music, Festo Asoensionis Christi, and Ein feste Burg; Mozart's Requiem Mass; Cherubini's Requiem Mass Beethoven's Choral Symphony Mendelssohn's Elijah, St. Paul, and Hymn of Praise Brahm's Requiem; Haydn's Creation Gluck's Orpheus Rossini's Stabat Mater Massenet's Eve; Saint Saen's Deluge and Psalm; Chadwick's Dying Phoenix Beach's Jubilate Paine's (Edipus Max Bruch's Fritzof; Dudley Buck's Columbus; and Mackenzie's Bethlehem. Selections also will be given of some of Wagner's operas and the works of Berlioz and Rubinstein. WALKS TO THE FORE. From the above outline of the World's Fair's musical programme our Welsh choirs will find themselves in good company, and will have a grand opportunity of assuming their true position in the musical world. It is evident that much is expected of them. In order to keep up the con- tinuity of the combined festival programme, the Fair authorities] have requested the eisteddfod committee to provide that a good number of Welsh choruses and airs be rendered by the com- bined choirs present. The committee has drawn up the following lisb for that purpose, and earnestly request all the choirs to practice the pieces well. Duw sydd Noddfa" (Mills), Teyrnasoedd y Ddaear" (Lloyd), "Par imi Wybod dy Ffyrdd (Harris), Mor Hawddgar yw dy Bebyll" (Parry). English pieces:— Worthy is the Lamb," Gloria," Hallelujah Chorus," "Festival Peace Anthem" (J. P. Jones). Congregational tunes:— Babel, Bryniau Kassia," "Rbyl," "St. Johu," Aberystwyth, u: Moriah, &c. Alawon Cymreig—" Harlech," Llwyn On," "Merch Megan, "Hob y Deri "—harmonised by Pencerdd Gwalia-with Hen Wlad fy Nhadau and the two American tunes, America" and "Star-spangled Banner." It is intended to publish the Congregational tunes and the three lasb pieces in the Souvenir Programme." The prospects of the eisteddfod are bright. The extent and thoroughness of the preparations point forward to a splendid success. The Chicago Welshmen are up and doing, and the contagion of their enthusiasm has been caught by all the chief Welsh settlements. Financial assistance is pouring in, and choirs in sections are putting on their armour for the coming contests. It should be made widely known that the eisteddfod week will be the best time to visit the World's Fair. Notwithstanding the forward state of the pre- parations, the Fair will be during the first months, for many reasons, a fine place to keep awayfrom. Thepressof people, the incompleteness of the exhibits, the prohibitive hotel charges, and the enervating heat will seriously mar the enjoy- ment of visitors, except a few eager ones with an iron constitution and a well-lined purse. But by the end of August the fair will be in full swing; to the teeming population of the adjoining States it will be an old thing prices will be reduced one-half; railway rates will be greatly reduced, and the weather will be just what it should be. Wales' week promises to be the most enjoyable of the season. May intending visitors possess their souls in patience. They are also urged to pay little heed to requests from hotel- keepers and others to engage quarters beforahaud. All such negotiations should be entrusted to personal friends or the responsible officials of the eisteddfod.

THE DRESS OF. A LADY CYCLIST Elizabeth Robins Pennell, who has had con- siderable jpraeticeas a cyclist, ^riteein" the f?own is an all-important question for the bicyclist. French women wear a sort of gym- nasium dress, but this in England, or in most bicyclist. French women wear a sort of gym- nasium dress, but this in England, or in most parts of the Continent, would be too conspicuous. The skirt must have no unnecessary fulness, nobits of flying drapery there must be no braid or hems turned up on the inside to catch in the pedals. The dress I have found answer has an arrange- ment of hooks and eyes. by which it can be made of the required shortness to the ankle when I am on the machine, though when I am off, it is of the ordinary length. For the rest, a blouse, a jacket,. a. good felt hat, woollen combinations and stays, and, if your dress is of heavy enough cletb, knickerbockers instead of petticoats. HUBBY Mary, don'C you think I look a little pale this morning?" Wim: No, dear, I W?lOWrtliJres a little tub!"

WELSH GLEANINGS. By Lloffvvr. John Penry. Never since his death, after a brief and troubled career, has the name of John Penry been so often on men's lips, and never before has his character, with its indomitable perseverance and its un- flinching resolution to promote his country's good, been so wel! understood by his countrymen. Three hundred years have now passed by since Penry suffered for his views and during this lonx interval bis name has not been sufficiently well known and revered among his countrymen for whom he devoted his life. On May the 29th will take place the tercentenary of his death. The occasion has been the means of elicit- I ing a vast mass of literature on Penry tracts innumerable have been published within the last few months, and the Welsh papers have swarmed with reviews, letters, and articles relating to the Elizabethan martyr. Some of these are transparently written by charlatans, and are nothing but what Carlyle would call a colossus of gossamer." Others, in this indescribable chiaroscuro, are marred by a too ready tendency to utilise Penry's name as a means of expressing in exaggerated invective their own views on current questions, and of representing themselves as the worthy successors of the great Welsh patriot. The Bauer, in a leading article this week, aptly suggests that next Sunday references to Penry, and his self-sacrific- ing efforts on behalf ot religion in Wales, should be made in Welsh pulpits. The Gelt this week has several articles on Penry, the most interesting being that by "D. S. D." on Penry and the Press," where the writer graphically describes how in those times, when the freedom of the Press was so strictly circumscribed, the Puritan writers had recourse to a movable press, shifted to different parts of the country as the pursuit grew hot. The most famous of the anonymous pamphlets, which were rapidly circulated through- out the kingdom by this means, went under the name of Martin Mar-Prelate, or vizored knight of those lists, behind whose shield a host of sturdy Puritans were supposed to fight. As Penry was really condemned to death for bis supposed identity with Martin Mar-Prelate, it will not be amiss to quote here a few words from the impartial and judicious Hallam." He says, The authors of Martin Mar-Prelate could not be traced with certainty, but strong suspicions having fallen on one Penry, a young Welshman, he was tried some time after for another pam- phlet, containing sharp reflections on the Queen herself, and received sentence of death, which was thought proper to carry into execution." The Martin Mar-Prelate tracts contained, as Hallam has pointed out, little serious argument, but the unwarrantable invectives of angry men, who stuck at no calumny to blacken their enemies. Mr Owen M. Edwards, in this month's Cymru, issued on May 15tli, proves that John Penry was not identical with Martin Mar-Prelate. The tender appealing spirit which runs through all the Welshman's writings is very different from the bitter and scornful spirit which yet laughs from every page that Martin Mar-Prelate wrote. Mr Owen Edwards on Penry." Such widespread interest is now felt in Penry, and the article in Cymru is so remark- able, that no apology is needed for giving a special paragraph to Mr Edwards's views on the Welsh martyt. Mr Edwards writes of Penry and his times with glowing eloquence and iervid enthusiasm, while at the same time he preserves what few others do—the calm impar- tiality of the historian. His admiration for Penry is profound he even worships him as a Welsh patriot; but he nevertheless preserves the judicial spirit throughout. He glosses over nothing and exaggerates nothing; and while thus not justifying those who put Penry to death, and while admiring his spirit of self-sacrifice, he does not blame his persecutors, as they could not rid themselves of tho prejudices and the opinions of the times in which they lived. Mr Edwards tolls the story of John Penry in the course of 26 columns of Cymru, but so animated is the style of the narrative that one doesnot realise wbilereading that the article is of such abnormal length. These columns are divided into 13 chapters, apt quota- tions being given under each of then). The chapters are entitled :-(1) Cefn Brith (2) England (3) Cambridge and Oxford ;,(4) With Zion's Mourners; t5) Appealing on Behalf of Wales (6) Under an Archbishop's Frown (7) The Appeal to Parliament; (8) Flight; (9) The Bitterness of Parting; (10) The Trial (11) Refuge in a Distant Land; (12) The Unjust Verdict; (13) The End. The quotations are peculiarly apt, as, e.g., the one above the chapter on Penry's educational career at Cambridge and Oxford-" To give light to them that sit in dark- ness and the one on chapter V., If I' forget thee, 0 Jerusalem, "&o. The articles are also beautifully illnstratediwith views of Cefn Brith (Penry's birthplace), of Christ Church, Oxford (where Penry was educated), of the Latin Chapel in Christ Church, and of the arch- bishop's palace at Lambeth. Toleration was unknown in the 16th century every party when it became dominant persecuted its opponents-Papist and Protestant persecuted each other in turn, Protestant persecuted Puritan, and among the Puritans one branch persecuted the other. Each party thought that the right lay exclusively with it. Speaking of the persecutions of Mary and Elizabeth, Mr Edwards says:- Let them not be blamed too bitterly. Nobody had as yet shown that it was possible for the same people to live under the same government while worshipping God in different ways. Sir Thomas More, in describing his Utopia, had dreamt of a country where everyone was permitted to worship God after bis own mind but, when in authority in England, Sir Thomas More sent some people to the stake, and when his king changed his religion, More suffered martyrdom himself. Sir Thomas More lay down his beautiful life for the old religion, John Penry lay down his beautiful life for the new religioil-iii the eyes of that age each was a traitor to his country." Mr Edwards main- tains that even Whitgift should be forgiven, for he was a perfectly conscientious man, and while he persecuted Penry it was under his patronage that William Morgan translated the Scriptures into Welsh. In an eloquent passage Mr Edwards says Let us never forget the name of John Penry, or his love for Wales, never. It is possible for us to have more light aud more patience than he had, but not a truer purpose or a warmer heart." He winds up by suggesting that a monu- ment should be erected iu his memory on the Eppynt hills, so that his name may be honoured for the sake of the ages that are to come. Political and Ecclesiastfcal. TheBancr, discussing Our position to-day," reviews the prospect of measures in which Wales is peculiarly interested. It is apprehensive for the fate of the Suspensory Bill Mr Gladstone did not say one word about the Suspensory Bill the other night when making an announcement on the work of Parliament for the following weeks. The Irish measure is consuming the time of the Howse, because of the obstruction of the Tories and the Unionists, so that the work of our Parliament becomes uncertain and is the laughing stock of Europe." Gwleiddydwr of the Tyst, in his political notes," describes the Tory obstruction as being unparalleled. Mellor, the chairman of committees, had a difficult work to keep some sort of order in the House, as the Opposition are quite unprincipled in their tactics." Mr Lloyd George, M.P., in his weekly Parliamentary letter in the Oenedl, has some candid retnarks For nights the Tories were in such a state of disorder as had no equal, except in a horse race. Mr Mellor, the chairman of committee, is rather feeble. His appointment was due not to any fitness in him for the work, but because he is ranked among Mr Gladstone's personal friends. This is Mr Gladstone's chief fault: he is too ready to sacrifice what is beneficial to Liberalism for personal friendship. Mr George then dwells with profound veneration on Mr Gladstone's genius as shown by him in his grand speech in reply to Mr Chamberlain the other day. The lasb part of his speech, when he excused the im- moderate language of Irishmen by referring to the sufferings of their country, was among the most eloquent passages I ever heard. Silence fell upon the House. Every heart was softened, and tears; fc were in every eye. The British Pary^pj^Qt never .art mnb • Mtbt Mote.n.i s A

Parliamentary History of Haverfordwest. | LBY W;, R. WIIILIAMS, SOLICITOR, 1784. Richard, Lord Milford, in the kingdom of Ireland (see the county, 1765). He was made Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire, 1780, and Cus. Rt. of the liberty of Haverfordwest (vice his father), 1765; and also Lord Lieutenant of .Haverfordwest, January, 1770. 1786, February. William, Lord Kensington (see 1747), vice Lord Milford, who accepted the stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds in order to be elected for the bounty. 1802, January. William, Lord Kensington, in the kingdom of Ireland, vice his father, Lord Ken- sington, deceased. Only son of the preceding member, whom he succeeded as second Lord, December, 1801 born, April, 1777; married, December, 1797, Dorothy Patricia, daughter of Richard Thomas; was member for Haverford- west, 1802-18, and held office as Lord Com- missioner of the Admiralty in the Ministry of All the Talents," February, 1806, to April, 1807, and died August, 1852. In 1812 he de- feated Mr Phillips by 220 to 98 votes. 1818. William Henry Scourfield, of Robeston Hall, son of Henry S., of The Mote (who was high sheriff, 1781), and was himself high sheriff, 1812, and M.P., Haverfordwest, 1818-26 and 1835-7, and was an unsuccessful candidate in that year. He died, 1862, leaving his estates to his nephew, the then member (see 1852). 1826.—Richard Bulkeley Philip Philipps, of Picton Castle, only son of John Grant, of Nolton, near Haverfordwest (by Mary Philippa Artem isia, only surviving dau. and heiress of James Child, of Begally House, co. Pemb., and grand-dau. of Bulkeley Philipps, of Abercover, co. Carm., who was younger brother to Sir Erasmus Philipps, of Picton, see 1726), born June, 1801, assumed by sign manual in 1824 the surname and arms of Philipps on inheriting the Pictou Castle estate under the will of his cousin Richard, Lord Milford (see 1784), and was created a baronet Feb., 1828. He was married twice, (1) to Eliza, only dau. of John Gordon, cf Hanwell, Middlesex (she died March, 1852), and he married (2) June, 1854, Lady Anne Jane Howard, 4th dau. of William, 4th Earl of Wick- low, K.P. fcfir Richard sat for Haverfordwest 1826-35, and 1837-47, and was created a peer of the United Kingdom as Baron Milford, Sept., 1847, but died s.p. Jan., 1857, when the titlo became extinct. Thus in this family two baronet- cies, and. tWo baronies have been created, and all become extinct, though a few years ago a fresh baronetcy was conferred upon the present repre- sentative of the Picton family—Sir Charles E. G. Philipps. 1835. Wm. Henry Scourfield, who defeated Capt. Jonathan Haworth Peel, of Cottesmoor (a kinsman of Sir Robert Peel, the Prime Minister, and of the present Speaker of the Honse of Commons), by 241 to 125. 1837. Sir Richard B. P. Philipps, Bart., of Picton, defeating W. H. Scourfield by 247 to 165. 1847, John Evans, Esq., barmter-at-law, one of her Majesty's council learned in the law, and one of the leaders of the South Wales Bar. = He sat for Haverfordwest 1847-52, when he was de- feated, and was also unsuccessful at Cardigan, 1854. 1852. John Henry Philipp?, of Williamston, who defeated the previous member, John Evans, Q.C., by 295 to 203. Mr Philipps has already been mentioned as member for the county, 1868-76: In 1857, he defeated W. Rees by 258 to 256, a majority of two. 1868. Hon. William Edwardes, eldest son of William, third Lord Kensington, born May, 1835, educated at Eton, was captain and lieut.- col. Coldstream Guards, 1867-70 married Sep- tember 1867, Grace Elizabeth, second daughter of Robert Johnstone-Douglas (nephew of John, sixth Marquis of Qneenaberry), and succeeded his father its fourth "Lord "Kensingtdta in the peerage of Ireland, 1st January, 1872. His lordship sat for Haverfordwest from 1868 to 1885, and in December, 1885, unsuccessfully contested the Hornsey Division of Middlesex, and was created Lord Kensington in the peerage of the United Kingdom, 1886, and took his seat in the House of Lords accordingly. Lord Kensington, who thus had the honour of being the last mem- ber for Haverfordwest, with which borough his ancestors bad been so long and honourably connected, has held several offices in the Queen's household, having been a Groom-in- Waiting to her Majesty (November, 1873, to March, 1874), Comptroller of the Household (April, 1880, to June, 1885), a Lord-in-Waiting to the Queen (February to August, 1886), and has been Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard (salary, £ 1,200 a year) aince August, 1892. Hislorcl- shipwas added to the Privy Council in May, 1880. He was appointed vice-lieu tenant of Pembrokeshire in 1862, lord-lieutenant and chairman of the county council in 1888, and is a J.P. for Carmar- thenshire. Having accepted office in 1873, he was opposed on seeking re-election by Lieut.- Col. Xavier de Castanos Royds Peel, of Glan- afon—eldest son of the defeated candidate in 1835—but he succeededin defeating Col. Peel. In 1874 he was unseated on petition, his election without a contest—in February, 1874, having been declared void on account of a technical error ;in the proceedings, but he was re-elected un- opposed in the following June. In April, 1880, ho defeated Mr Cropper by 686 to 522, and was re-elected without opposition the following month on acceptance of office. The Redistribution of Seats ..Act,-1884, which came into operation November, 1885, joined the borough of Haverfordwest, for electoral purposes, to that of Pembroke, and thus,, as a separate constituency, the Parliamentary history of Haver- fordwest came to a close. CONTESTS. 1812.—Kensington, 220 Phillips, 98. 1835.-Scoumeld, 241; Peel, 125. 1837.—Phillips, 247 Scourfield, 165. 1852,-Philipps, 295 Evans, 203. 1857. -PhiHpps. 258 Rees, 256. 1873,-Kensington, — Peel, —. 1880.—Kensington, 686; Cropper, 522. In 1858 the constituency was composed of old scot and lot inhabitants and J310 householders, the registered number of electors being 740, while in 1875 the borough, which comprised Haverford- w.st, Fishguard, Narberth, and St. David's, had 1,592 registered electors, including 345 freemen.

A STORY FROM THE FAR WEST. I Presence of mind has not yet been killed by a tame civilisation. A contemporary in the Far West publishes an interesting story in proof of this. A performance was taking place in a closely- packed theatre, when all at once all alarm of fire was raised. The whole bouse rose and surged towards the doors; the theatre rang with the shouts of men and shrieks of women trampled underfoot by the panic-stricken crowd. Suddenly a young pian m evefljng dMss leapt) from a stage-box on to the boards. In a voice like a trumpet he roared out, Keep your Beats." Partial silence followed. I am the managfflc," he flhoiitejd, "I exactly what has happened, and I solemnly assure you there is no danger. In five minutes the piece will go on." The crowd was convinced by his autheritative manner ashamed of their fears, men returned to their seats, so the young man walked quietly out by the unimpeded passage, and 2,000 people were burned to cinders.

SERVANTS FOR THE DAY. I see (says a writer in The Gentlewoman) that a, echeme is already on foot for supplying servants who will take day engagements and return to their homes for the night. It will be curious to learn how* the arrangement answers. Good domestic servants are becoming more and more difficult to find, and the day will dawn when we shall be about as badly off as they are in New York, where even the smart ladies are sometimes forced to do the work themselves at a moment's notice. House-parlourmaids in London are almost an unknown quantity, and to 50 advertisements only one servant perhaps will appear. Even parlourmaids are extremely difficult to obtain, and a friend of mine who advertised four times last week in the most popular of daily papers only received one answer to ner appeal, and then the parlourmaid herself never put in an appearance. The matter is really growing serious, for not only is the quantity of servants daily decreasing, but the quality as well, with the proportionate increase of pretension and, alas 1 idleness. The reason is not very far to; seek, and owes its origin to the Socialistic ten- dencies of the day. Wherever we may go, there' is a disposition to kick against authority, and service is looked upon as degradation. Any good-looking girl, nowadays, knows that ahejias'- a tolerable chance of being taken in_at OHO'of f the; large linen-drapers' establishment*

FARM AND GARDEN.] Potatoes for Cows. There is no use in cooking food except, such ,as is rich in starch, or such as has naturally a bitter taste. The potato offers a typical example of food which it is always profitable to cook, so also do the grains of leguminous plants, which are rich in starch* and in which the predominating albuminoid principle is not coaguable by heat, such as peas and beans. Some recent experi- ments in this connection were recently made, two cows being given daily the following rations :— Hay, 8 lb. oat straw, 30 lb. lentil straw, 41b. rapeseed cake, 4 lb. In addition to the above the cows were given the first week 80 lb. of beeb and mangel, and gave 241 lb. milk and 8 lb. butter during the second week, 80 lb. of raw potatoes, and gave 247 lb. milk and 7% lb. butter during the third week, 120 lb. mangel, and gave 280 lb. milk and 9% lb. butter during the fourth week, 80 lb. of boiled potatoes, and gave 241 lb. milk and 8 lb. butter. The quantity of the milk required to make one pound of butter during each of the four weeks was respectively 30 lb., 42 lb., 30 lb., and 27 lb. From the foregoing it will be seen that the raw potatoes increased the quantity of milk by 33 lb. for the week, but the milk yielded a less pro- portion of butter. The cooked potatoes, on the other hand, induced a yield of milk equal to that due to mangel, and, moreover, milk richer to the extent of a pound of butter per week. These facts favour the plan of boiling potatoes for cows. Barley for Malting. Farmers have learned that the value of barley for malt is regulated more by its nitrogenous constituents than by anything else, and these are most directly affected by the treatment of the soil and the method of manuring. If land has been heavily manured for roots and then folded, it is very rarely indeed desirable to follow with barley. Wheat or oats leave the land in better condition, and not only is a crop satisfactory as to quantity produced, but it is very much appreciated by brewers, and is of much greater value for malt. Colour is still much regarded by the maltster, and although nothing can overcome the influence of bad weather, still, under normal conditions, colour is largely improved by proper rotation. In some conditions artificial manure can be used to advantage, but it is better to err on the side of too little than too much. The only superiority of foreign corn for malting purposes over English is the fact that the/ground upon which it has been grown is rarely so rich or so highly cultivated as our own. Too frequently insufficient attention is gi ven to one of the essential requirements of good barley, viz., moderate sweating in stack. It is time English farmers recognised the fact that from countries where splendid barley is grown, but is not stacked, it can never fully win maltsters' favour. Sun-ripe barley from Algeria, Chili, or California, of superb colour, cannot malt kindly or freely, chiefly because it: is not stacked yet harsh, brittle, and steely malt made from such corn is eagerly sought by brewers, because it has an extremely low percentage, of nitrogen, not having been ruined by excessive manuring.— Farm, Field, and Fireside. Fruit Garden. Prevention is admitted to be bstfcer than cure, and in the case of the codlin moth, if anything is to be done in the way of prevention, it should be taken in hand at once. Paris jgreen is a prepara- tion of arsenic, and if applied >at the rate of one pound of the poison to 200 gallons of water will kill any of the eggs or young tyrvce it may touch. 0ne dressing will not suffice, as some of the insects will ba sure to escape the first dressing. Very large old applo trees will be diffi. cult to dress effectually, but any tree up to 10 feet or 12 feet will be easily sprayed with a syringe. It is not necessary in spraying apple trees to send the stream forcibly among the branches the eggs or insects, for the most part, will bo dropped in the cup or eye of the apple, and if the liquid is syringed over the tree so that it falls in a. gentle shower it will do more good than if more force is used. As soon as the liquid begins to drip from the tree move to another tree. Tho-e who do not care co use Paris green or London purple may do almost as much good with a strong solution of soft soap and paraffin oil, but the Paris green is the cheapest dressing for large orchards. Look after caterpillars on the gooseberries, and dust with hellebore powder, but (do not use any of the fruit from such bushes till the powder has been thoroughly cleaned off. Vegetable Garden. Where tli% hoe has been used freely there are no weeds, and as the seeds of the annual v/ceds must have started into growth and been checked with the hoe, we shall, I hope, be pretty free from weeds for the rest of the season. The onion maggot will soon be putting in an appearance, and dustings of soot and nitrate of soda will be very beneficial the soot will cling to the young onions, and very likely prevent the flics from laying their eggs on the young plants, but it is necessary to be in time with the soot; the nitrate of soda is used for its stimulating properties, to push on growth, as when tho plants get strong the flies will seek elsewhere for younger plants. There is yet time to sow late broccoli; Leamington, Cooling's matchless, and Sutton's late queen are all good for sowing now. Either dust the seeds with red lead or cover with netting to keep off birds. Thin out all main crops, such as carrots, parsnips, beet, onions, etc. Any plants which have obtained a lead now will retain it, therefore in thinning the crops leave the strong- est plants. I never lay down any hard and fast line for thinning vegetables. If very large carrots, onions, etc., are required, space for growth must be allowed, but if moderate-sized roots will satisfy (and these are always useful for the home), then the thinning need not be so severe. Our usual distances are four to six inches for onions, three inches for carrots, six inches parsnips, eight to ten inches for beet. Lettuces which are sown now to remain are thinned out, cos to a square foot each plant, Tom Thumb cabbage six inches, large cabbages one foot. Greenhouse. Specimen plants of the Cape load-wort (plum- bago capensis) when niceiy trained are very pretty for summer flowering. The main branches are tied in to a wire trellis, but the flowering sprays are allowed more freedom. Cacti will now require more water; and any of the strong- growing plants which require more room may be repotted, using loam and leaf-mould as the basis of the compost, but make it porous by adding broken bricks, lime rubbish, or old mortar. These are interesting plants which Some day Will oorae to the front again, and then those who are now getting eollaceions together will have their reward. Aloes, mesembrysnthemums and other succulents will feel the effects of the fashion-wave when it comes and come it will, sooner or later. Give copious supplies of water to all plants fully sup- plied with roots. Liquid manure will be valuable now to many plants coming on for blooming. Tuberous begonias, fuchsias, balsams, cockscombs, Malmaison carnations, zonal geraniums, etc., will be working on to the flowering stage. Window Garden. These who have a greenhouse may fill their window-boxes and get the plants established, so that when they are placed outside the windows there will be a mass of bloom. To keep windows gay outside as long as possible, there should be at least two sets of boxes, one to be coming on while the other is in use. Use white daisies, scarlet geraniums, yellow calceolarias, blue lobelias, -and pink or white ivy-leaved geraniums. Along the tronb there are various plants which might be substituted for some of those above-named, to make changes. Rhodanthes are very pretty just now for rooms, or to fill vases with maidenhair or | .other i&rtxs.—'Cottage Gardening.

THE RULING PASSION.—" So Scribble,, the reporter on the Daily Hooter, has got married ?" Yes, I was at the wedding at the Little Church Around the Corner." Was Scribble nervous ?" Nervous! Not much. While the minister was praying Scribble yanked out a note-book and took down the prayer in shorthand for the after- noon issue of the Hooter." Isn't that a beautiful colour?" said the. fish dealer,, as he cut into a Iargesalinon.—•' Yes," said ['Flotsam; "'I'Btqppose he is blushing at-the extra-' ['tniMt twice be is setting foe himself."

Andrew Fletcher, et Saltoun, in a,letter t* the Marquis ef Montrese, wrote "I kntwa very wise man that believed that if a man were permitted t. make all the ballads he need nat care wbe shenld make th# laws of the nation."

THE SONG OF THE LOWER CLASSES. We plow and sow—we're so very, very low, That we delve in the dirty clay, Till we bless the plain—with the golden grain," And the vale with the fragrant haj\ Onr place we know—we're so very low, 'Tis down at the landlord's feet; We're not too low the bread to grow, But too low the bread to eat, Down, down we go—we're so very,very low, To the hell of the deep-sunk mines, But we gather the proudest gems that glow When the crown of a despot shines. And whenever he lacks—upon our backs Fresh loads he designs to lay We're far too low to vote the tax, But not too low to pay. We're low, we're low—mere rabblr, -'9 j, But at our plastic power, The mould at the lordling's feet will grow Into palace and church and tower- Then prostrate fall, in the rich man's baH, And cringe at the rich man's door,; We're not too low to build the wall, But too low to tread; the floor. We're low, we're low, we're very, very lor*, Yet from our fingers glide The silken flow-and the robes that glow Round the limbs of the sons of pride And what we get—and what we give, We know, and we know our share; We're not too low the cloth to weave, But too low the cloth to wear We're low, we're low, we're very, very low, And yet, when the trumpets ring, The thrust of a poor man's arm will go Thro' the heart of the proudest king. We're low, we're low, our place we know, We're only the rank and file, We're not too low-t,) kill the fee, But too low to touch the spoil. By Ernest Jones, from "Poets'of-tho Ceiitiiry H (Hutchinson). ■-

SAY NOT THE STRUGGLE. Say not the struggle nought availetb, The labour and the wounds are vain, The enemy faints not, nor faileth, And as things have been they remain, If hopes were dupes, fears may be liars It may be, 10 yùn smoke rol1cealed, Your comrades chase e'en now the fliers, And, but for you, possess the field. For while the tired waves, vainly breaking, Seem here no painful mch to gain, Far back, through creaks and inlets making, Comes silent, flooding in, the main." And not by Eastern windows only, When daylight comes, comes in the light In front, the sun climbs slow. how slowly But westward, look, the land is bright. —By ARTHUR HUGH CLOCGH. (From same volume.)

The Household. Early Rising. Early rising is equally important to the health of the system as early rest. On no account should anyone permit himself again to slumber after the moment ef his first awaking in the morning, whether this happen at the early dawn or before the'sun has risen. It is much better to make up deficiency, if any, at some other time than to attempt taking another nap. Whoever will accustom himself thus to rise, will enjoy sleep during the night, and awake far more refreshed than those who indolently slumber all the morning. Even this second nap is, however, by no means so injurious to health as the practice of continuing in bed of a morning long after wak- ing nothing tends more effectually to unbrace, exhaust the spirits, and undermine the vigour and health. Over-draping. It is the Irmlt of many nf onr rooms that tbey are over-draped, especially in summer. It should be the rule in country houses, as it is in the city, to dispense with all heavy portieres and thick hangings in summer, not only because of moths and flies, that are liable to ruin any delicate materials, but because such hangings are un- necessary. In winter the portieres and heavy curtains serve to keep out the cold as well as to furnish the room and make it look luxurious and warm. In the summer it is desirable to catch every breeze, and it is also desirable to have the rooms look cool and airy. Light muslin curtains of the simplest kind are the draperies needed. Elaborate lace curtains seem out of place, and all woollens or heavy tapes- tries are certainly unsuitable for the surroundings. A semi-transparent portiere or a hanging of netting is sometimes substituted for the curtains of the large door between parlours, a space which is likely to look bare if left entirely without drapery. The curtains of a summer bedroom should be simple shades if the room is small, or sash curtains that soften the light, but are raised with the sash and do not shut out any air. The most intelligent physicians tell us that nothing is more unwholesome than stuffy draperies in a sleeping-room, where they are liable to hold impurities that exist in the atmosphere, and thus become the breeding-place of disease. The s;tne is true of cushions and all upholstered furniture. Such cushions should be made so they can be aired on all sides, and should be covered with some washable material, so their freshness may be repeatedly, renewed.— New York Tribune. Hints. WASHING MUSLINS.—It is an excellent thing to know that all delicately-coloured muslins, Washing silks, stockings, &c., may ba made "fast "by soaking the article to be washed in a basin of tepid water into which a teaspoonful of turpentine bas been stirred. LEMONS may be kept fresh a long time by placing in an open jar, covering with very cold water, standing in a cold place, and renewing the water every day. FLANNEL WKAPPKES.— Flannel wrappers area very useful addition to baby's wardrobe, both for use in the cool morning hours, and to slip on over the little nightdress to make a presentable appearance for company. The plainer ones can be used as night-slips, and the daintily embroidered ones will take the place of cloaks for a time. Many mothers consider them indispensable. BEER GONE SOUR.—Kindly allow me to inform Buzfus (p. 83), that the reason of his beer souring was storing m a wine cask, which is fatal to beer. Spirit casks, or, if these are too large, small caskb made from the staves of larger ones, answer the purpose admirably.—GKO. RUSS. GARNISHING.—There is a good deal in the gar- nishing of dishes. Have plenty of crisp, green parsley; cut lemons into thm slices and quarter them cast coloured jelly into tiny moulds, such as egg-cups, aud use theui round the dishes Use the tops of watercress and the green ends of celery and cut boiled beetroot into nice little shapes. They will all come in for "garnish." DAMP WALLS.—Strip the walls and give two coats of varnish, in which resin has been dis- solved. Or, better still, though rather more expensive, line them with thick lead paper or tin foil. The walls may then with safety be decorated with gold bronze, or delicately-tinted paper. C IVORY, when not stained, may be restored to its former whiteness by cleaning with powffered burnt pumice-stone and water, and then placing it under glasses in the sun's rays. MATTING should never be washed with any- thing but salt and waterffrtittpint of salt to half a pailful of soft water, moderately warm. Dry quickly with a soft cloth. Twice during the season will probably be sutfioienk washing for a bedroom, but a room much used will require it somewhat oftener.

PROFESSIONAL FEES. There is much difference between the skill (and fees) of surgeons as between the art (and prices) of novelists and painters. The point receives fresh illustration from the suit heard by Mr Justice Cave on Thursday, as a. sequel to the Burgos Railway accident. The sum of J6299 which Mr Keetley charged for his professional services to Mr Fletcher, inconsequence of his injuries on that occasion, undeniably sounds "stiff"; no doubt there are a great many surgeons who would be glad to do a good deal more Work for a good deal less money. But the value of a professional man's labour, like the value of a horse according to the proverb, is what he can get for it. Trust- worthy witnesses came forward to prove that Mr Keetley's fees, considering his professional posi- tion, were "moderate," and the court has ordered Mr Fletcher to pay them. The moral is that people who want their professional attendance cheap must not go to eminent surgeons to get it. —Daily Graphic.

EXTRA HAZARDOUS—Applicant for insurance: No, sir; I neither drink, chew, nor swear: I don't go to the theatre, or attend balls, and have no evil associates. I am at home always by ten o'clock; am a Sunday-school teacher, and my morals are above reproach. I never bad a day's sickness in my lite.—Agent: That is an extra, extra-hazardous risk,tyouug man, and we can't doit.—Wtist!"<«-"No.' The good die young, you Jsnow."

ECHOES FROM THE, CALEN DAft. MAY. [ 28.-SUNDAY—Trinity Sunday. i'23. MONDAY—Charles II. restored 1660. — Empress Josephine died, 1814. SI30.,TUESDAY—6 Women burnt, Edgware-road Fire, 1888. 1-31. WEDNESDAY-Dr. Chalmers died, 1847.—Stranges rising at Canterbury;1813. JUNE. w 1.THURSDAY—Prince Imperial killed, -1879, Z.< FRIDAY—GaribaJdi died, 1882. 3? SATURDAY—Prince George of Wales born, 1865. Killed by Sorrow." Marie Josephine Rose, daughter of Taseher de ila Pagerie, captain of the Port of St. Pierre, in the island of Martinique, was born June 23rd, < 1764. When little more than 15 years of age she removed to France, and in 1779 was married to the Viscount de Beauharnais. A son, Eugene (after- awards Viceroy of Italy), was born in 1781, and a daughter, Hortense(subsequently Queen of Holland ;and mother of Napoleon III.), on April 10th, 1873. During the Reign of Terror the viscount was guillotined (July 1st, 1794), and his wife, Josephine, only escaped through the intervention of Madamc de Fontenay. Fifteen months later young Eugene, removing the order that the in- habitants of Paris should give up all arms to the Paris authorities, followed the aide-de-camp to General Bonaparte's presence. As Mr Blanchard Jerrold said, The courage and nobility of character of the boy soldier, Eugene, placed a crown upon the head of his mother and his sister, and gave him the viceregal ty of Italy." On vt,he 9th March, 1796, the widowed Madame de Beauharnais was married to Napoleon Bonaparte, and accompanied him in some of his -campaigns. She attracted round her the most brilliant society of France, and thus largely con- tributed to the increase of the rising general's power. Josephine, however, is said to have re- garded Napoleon's elevatioiVto the throne with dread, fearing that he might be prompted to dis- solve -.t marriage that had proved unfruitful. This ultimately took place, the decree of dissolu- tion being promulgated on Dec. 16th. 1809. The title of Empress was retained, and Josephine continued to correspond with Napoleon! but her latter days were passed in sad retirement, and she passed away on the 28th May, 1814, "killed by sorrow," as her lady of honour said. A False Prophet." John Thom, a Cornish lunatic, calling himself Sir William Courtenay, got into considerable favour with the peasantry in the neighbourhood of Broughton, near Canterbury.. He styled himself the Saviour of the world, and to convince his followers that he was so, pointed to certain punctures in his hands as those inflicted by the nails of the Cross, and to a cicatrice in his side as the wound out of which issued blood and water. He also represented himself invulnerable to steel or shot. A number were induced to follow him- by long and inflammatory speeches, and pro- I' mises that if they would obey his commands they should have good living and large estates. He represented to them that they were op- pressed by the laws in general, but more par- ticularly by the new Poor Law. Nearly one hundred of the most determined characters joined him and marched through several villages. War- rants were issued against Courtenay and some of his party, who bad left their employment. Mears, a constable, who went to serve a summons on one man, was shot dead by Courtenay. The 45th Regiment, then stationed at Canterbury, was called ont, and proceeded to Bostenden wood, where, the rioters had assembled. Courtenay, on nereeivingthesotdiers, advanced towards them, and with the greatest sangfroid shot Lieut. Bennett. A soldier then shot Courtenay, who feU and died instantly. A determined battle endued between the soldiers and the peasantry, the latter of whom were armed only with sticks. The result was that eight more persons were killed, and many seri- ously wounded. For talcing part in this mis- chievous rising 23 prisoners were committed to Faversham Gaol. Lord Wolseiey. Garnet Josel)h"ro,seloy, the son of a major of the same name, was born at Golden Bridge House, co. Dublin, and entered the Atmy as ensign in 1850. He was wounded in the second Burmese war of 1853, but recovered in time to take part with the 90th Light Infantry in the Crimean campaign, where he sustained another severe wound. After the fall of Sebastopol, Wolseiey served through the whole of the Indian Mutiny, ic the most part as a member of Sir Hope Grant's staff. In 1860 he served in tho Chinese war, and subsequently went to Canada. His first independent command was in the Red River expedition of 1870, which he conducted with such thorough success as to receive the' honour of knighthood. Three years later' Sir Garnet commanded the expedition to the Gold Coast for the punishment of the Ashantee King, and for this received the honour of K.C.B., a grant of £ 25,000, and the freedom of the City. The year 1874 found the general acting as administrator at Natal, and five years later he again went to the Cape, arriving just after Ceto- wayo had been crushed at Ulundi. When Mr Gladstone resolved to put down Arabi's revolt in Egypt Sir Garnet Wolseiey was sent out, and tho victory of Tel-el-Kebir brought him a peerage and a grant of £30,000. The command of the Nile expedition for the relief of General Gordon at Khartoum devolved upon Lord Wolseley, but its failure is ascribed to the hesitation shown by Sir Charles Wilson in pressing on to the besieged city from Metemmeb. Lord Wolseley, in addition to being one of the bravest soldiers, has been an .active writer on military subjects. C ELECTION HUMOURS

In the May number of "Macmillau's Magazine" Mr W. F. Stockley provides some very readable matter undertbe heading "Humours of a Canadian Election." In the provincial election," he says, which is a fairly typical one, there is manhood suffrage. There is also vote by ballot; but you can go into the polling-booth with a man and see him vote; and that is important, if you are an agent, or, in other words, a briber. For no election is car- ried in Canada. without bribery; such a thing is unanimously declared, by speech and Jiy writing, to be absolutely impossible. No one attempts it. Each side, therefore, set out this time with-its pockets as full of money as possible. 'Now, boys' (this half vulgarising, half friendly Americanism, is noteworthy)—'Now, boys, you may as well go home. I have come here prepared.' So a contractor on the Govern- ment side called out at one poll, as he' tapped his coat well lined with dollar bills, and added in a loud voice, 'Ten dollars for a vote.' It should be said here, perhaps, that nothing is being stated but what both sides admit to be facts. I guess the money gave out at that poll.' said a politician's wife quite unconcernedly, 'for I saw a man drive to the bank near my house, and rush in after hours by a back way, and came out replenished.' This man appeared at the poll shortly after, and pulling out one roll of notes from one pocket and one from another, handed them to his confederates, an& again you heard the shout, 'Ten dollars nowf Ax that poll it was allowed that at least 200 voters out of 300 were bribsd others put the figures still higher. Again, at another polling centre the Government agent stands on the Court-house steps and offers his price-five dollars this time. 'Listen to him, boys,' says the Opposition agent, listen how be offers the public money, which ought to be in the Treasury, and which he has got from the Govern- Treasury, and which he has got from the Govern- ment to be used for election purposes. Would you not rather take two dollars from me-WC have not the public purse to draw on—and so be paid for your day off work, than take his five dollar bribe?' And many did take the two dollars, and so saved their conscience, had their cake, though they ate two-fifths of it. Besides^ theother corrupter, rum, had been doing its work here, and had turned many to look favourably on the two-dollar man. He managed the business, as he told me, on this wise. The scene of operation is under a prohibi- tion law, which means in Canada that much liquor is sold, though more or less on the sly. Of course everyone knows where the stuff can be got. So O. (Opposition) proposes to G. (Government) to join and get something for the boys.' They must be cold after coming in a long way to vote.' But G. would not. So 0. (who, it should be, added, was the leader of the party supposed' specially to favour teetotalism) calls the men, together, and publicly repeats his offer of hospita- lity and when G. as publicly refuses, and is voted mean, 0.. boldly generous, declares, Well, I'll not see you left, boys.' As O. reflected, G. must have been green at his work, or he never would have let me do this.'

A VAMABLB'BoARDEE.—MrNewboarder That is a very pretty young lady at the table. Land- lord Yes, I prize her very highly. Since she has been at the table young gentlemen hardly eat anything at all, they are so dead in love with her. *»•1

Welsh Tit-Bits. Heu;fl!teichion, Odd iar.,yr: Eingioii. [BY CAPUA WD. 3 'I Weddings in Nonconformist Chapels. I am not certain when it was enacted that "marriages should be solemnised by Nonconformist ministers, but it seams that certain chapels, even in Wales, have been licensed for such purposes for several centuries. There is a record of mar- riages taking place at the Baptist Chapel, Rhyd- 1. wilym, Pembrokeshire, as early as the year 1682, over 200 years ago. (See the history of the above place, written by the Rev. H. Price, published in the year 1855.) A few days ago I heard a heated discussion between two Nonconformists, aiid among other things one of the disputants asserted that as far as< the English laws are concerned we we.? still subjected to the Conventicle Act and the Five.. Mile Act passed in the reign of King Charles the Second. To save my friend from making this mistake Second. To save my friend from making this mistake again, and since he is a constant reader and admirer of this column of Welsh Tit-Bits," I wish to make it known tohim,and all who labour, like him, under the same misapprehension, that the above-mentioned obnoxious Acts were re- peated, and other Acts amended, relating to religious worship aud assemblies, &c., in,the year 1812, in the 52nd year of the reign of King George III. Whitsuntide. The chief amusement fit Whitsuntide in Wales in days gone by was the Morris dance. This amusement is mentioned by Shakespeare, and according to him the number of persons required for the dance was nine. The dancers were all men, and their dress ornamented with ribands and small bells attached to tuo knees. They were attended by a fool and Megan. The fool was to act as clown, the Megan—a man dressed in woman's clothes with the face smutted" representing a hag. Nine men's Morris is filled up with mud. -Midswrnmer Night's Dream, Act II. From the above, the dancing ground was called the Morris, and Brand, in his "Popular Antiquities of Britain, says that in many parts of the country there were formerly patches of ground levelled for dancing. The Rev Peter Roberts, in his Welsh Popular Antiquities," mentions a custom peculiar on Whit-Monday. "On Whit-Monday, all the country people must be up at three or four o'clock in the morning to keep holyday, on pain of being pulled out of oed and put in the stocks by their companions." A custom, Mr Roberts thinks, which could only have risen from the early matins formerly, and which, perhaps, began on this day more early than usual, in order that a greater portion of the day might be given to the festivities which were to follow. Welsh Biddings. The customs connected with the Welsh weddings were many, and in some instances the mode of conducting these celebrations in one locality differed much from that of other districts. In parts of South Wales it was a general thing some years ago for a young lover to out a p:ece of money in two, the half of which he gave to his sweetheart and kept the other himself. This was a vow between the young couple of fidelity to each other, and was regarded as an everlasting covenant, and in many cases considered to be more seriously a contract than even the solemnisa- tion of holy matrimony. When a marriage was to take place in some neighbourhoods a bidder was selected to co round the district to invite the guests to the wadding. This officer was to have been a person of respect- able character, gifted with eloquence, and a poet as well, for if depended a goo d deal on him to make the gathering successful. The bidder was to be sufficiently skilled in podigreea aud anec- flutes uf fk.milife), and speak coroplimentarily of the people who were to be joined together in holy matrimony, of their relations, and of the guests as well. As ensigns of his high office his bonnet and staff were adorned with wedding garlands, and thus arrayed he visited the halls and dwellings of the vicinity. The purport of the bidding was both to request the attendance of.,the friends of tho young cuwple and to ask their benevolent presents or conui- butions in order to enable the newly-married pair to begin their life comfortably. These contri- butions were repaid by contributions of a similar kind on like occasion, and by this good old enstom, which was the rule in every parish almost throughout the Principality in years gone by, provision was made without much inconvenience to individuals, yet collectively put up a deserving young couple at once in a position to face the world and to prosper. The Book of Baglan. (Conlinved from last week.) GWYSR.—Gwgan ab Blethyn ma. the do. and h. The. Gwyso, lord of Wiston, in Pembrokeshire. Ho was younger brother of the house of Gwy.-ie, and jthey had issue Treharne ab Gwgan and Gwgan ab Gwgan. Of this Gwg:m came the Wyaus of Pembrokeshire. She bearetb, g. a ch ever on ermynes bye the name of Gwyse. BLEDRIE.- Treliart)e ib Gwgan fila. with Weullian, the da. of Rees ab Bledrie, lo. of Gwynvaye, and they had issue Howell ab Tre- harne ab Gwgan, a famous and noble gentleman, and he held groate warres against Brwys, lo. of Brec., in revenging of his brother's death, Tre- harne Va., who was wrongfullie with crueltie and unmercifullie put to death by the tyranye of the officers of Brwys. The crouicle mentioneth as ho was comyng to doe his homage to the lo. Brwys, they took him in a place called Llangors (M we have already mentioned in this column). SLNGHENYTH.-—This Howell ab Treharne ab Gwgan ma. Gwenilian, the da. and h. of Gr. ab Ifor ab Inon, lo. of Singbenyth in Glamorgan- shire, and in the right of that inheritrixe the gents, of Brec. sithenoe gave the 3 cocke g. in a fisld a. in their coat armes. This Howell and Gwenilian had issue. Rees ab Howell. Rees had issue David, and Eynon Says. Davidd ab Rees ab Howell was 9, man of great possessions, and he is taken for the ancient stock of a strong generation of gentlemen now living in Brecknockshire. Inon, surnamed Inon Says, was ma. to one of the da. of Croste, and neece to Sir Humphrey Bobum, Earle of Heref., and he was brought upe in his house, am;bye that tyme he was returned to his father's. He partly had forgotten his Welsh, wherefore the familie of his father called him Inon Says. I cannot find that he had any issue of the Baron's da. but he afterwards ma. with loan, the da. of Howell' ab Meredith ab Cradoc ab Jestin ab Gwrgan, King of Glamor- gan and Morganwye, her mother, was the da. of Sir Edward Turbervile, lo. of Ceeeck- howell, of whorne the Right Honourable Sir Wm. Cirill, co. Burley, co. treasurer of England, Knight of ftfe Most Noble Order ot the Garter, is by the father's side lineallie descended, Inon Says and Joan had issue Howell ab Ein<pn and Rees ab Einion. Howell ab Einion was father to Howell Vaughan, the father of Liu., the father of Sir David Gam, Knight, of whom all the Games are descended and taken their surnames from hyme. There be many other gent. descended of hyme also, that beare theire names according to our British pedigrees. Th"re are few nobles in England, but they are descended of the said ChttD. The said Joan beareth G. 3, Cheverous o. et. A.

AN INQUIRY. DAUGHTER Didn't you say once I was born' in England, mother ? MOTHKB Yes. And what of it ? DAUGHTER Then I am English, aint I!" MOTHER English! If yer were born1 in a stable.would yer be a borse ? v

The State of Michigan raises 15,000 tons of peppermint a year. Of the natives of India about 2,000,000 can now read English. It is estimated that 130,000,000 oysters are yearly received at Liverpool from abroad. Mr Dan Davies used to be the idol of music- loving Dowlais. But he is their idol no longer. The clock of St. Paul's Cathedral strikes on three bells the largest, on which the hours an struck, weighs 5 tons 4 cwt. The value of the personal estate in England of the late Dr. Ernst Werner von Siemens, of Ber- lin, has been sworn at £287,278. Mr G. Fleetwood Wilson, C.B., will saocefed Mr G. D. Ramsay, C.B. (who will shortly retire on a pension), as Director of Clothing at the War Office. The death is announced from Rome of Dr. '• Jacob Moleschott. professor of physiology at the University there, one of the most. eminent physiologists of the day. The Earl and Countess of Ashburnham were passengers by the Royal Mail Company's steamer Elbe, which has just arrived at Southampton from the River Plate and Brazil. A successful attempt has been made to import fresh salmon into Pretoria from England. The fish was frozen solid in a block of ice, t and arrived in good order and condition. The average daily attendance at Mho World's Fair has up to the present been only 33,000. There must be an attendance of 90,000 a day in order to ensure expenses being coverwi. Signor Mascagni has telegraphed to Sir Augustus Harris that he fully intends to pay his promised visit to London this seasau. This will be Signor Mascagni's first visit to England. When upon his deathbed Sir Hope Grant saw an aide-de-camp break down and burst into teMW, he said, What's the matter, Bobby ? Why, death is only like going fromr one room to another." Mr Froude is delighting the undergraduates ad Oxford with his history lectures, but he has been described as about as impartial and scientific as a Primrose Dame sketching the history of Home Rule in Ireland. The place of honour in the Hyde Park demon- stration in favour of Home Rute was occupied by the Dowlais branch of the Irish. National League, whose magnificent banner, displaying a portrait of Mr Gladstone, bravely led the van. An official report of Consul Wagstaff, of Riga, states that one West Hartlepool firm bought in the season in that Russian district 68,400,000 etrgs It is a fact that tolls its story to ship. owners-and more especially tio our farmers. Mr Lnke Fildes has been (commissioned by the proprietors of an illustrated weekly paper to paint the portraits of the Duke. of York and the Princess May. The portraits will be reproduced as a supnlement to a special'wedding number. Me ssrs Ball, Norris, and Hadley have sold by auction the corner block '.of freehold property comprising Nos. 241, 243, and 245, Oxford-street, two doors from Oxford Circus, for JB16,500, aprioe equal to 30 years' purchase of the present rental, or B25 a square foot. A large water-colour drawing, dealing with the Clyde at one of its mOfit picturesque points, has just been presented tofthe Sydney Art Gallery by Mr Walter Severn, president of the Dudley I Gallery. In 18S5 Mr .Semes* made a similar gift to the art galleries of Adelaide., Sail Fianciseo has a. numerous Chinese popula- tion. Their temples itre usually well supported financially. The revenues are derived largely from the privilege, sold at auction to the highest bidder, of selling the articles of worship whiob every worshipper uvust have The town in England best provided with placet of worship is the ancient one of Rochdale, where there are 145 churches and chaf :>ls. Fifty belong to the Church of England and 95 to the Noncon- formists. The Church of England accommodates 24,419, and the Nonconformists 61,850 person^i*^ sittings. The new coinage may soon be cxpeoted in cir- culation. Two'hundred pounds worth of florin* v have come from the Mint to the Post-office at the House of Commons, in order that members of Parliament may have the privilege of securing specimens before the uew coins are generally eiv* cutated. M. D.»ubree■ has found the remains of a neo- lithic or new stone age village m the Department ot the Seine. It consists of the foundations of < number of square huts built in line, and the embers of the fires can still be seen. Some of tht fires appear to have been employed for baking pottery. The price of 272.100f.—or nearly jell.OOO—jmt paid at the Meissonier sale for tho admirable little picture "LeGraveur a l'Eau-Forte," recently seen in London, with the other pictures of tlie master, at Messrs Tooth's gallory, is relatively to its dimensions the Jargest sum ever paid for a modern picture. Commenting on the laxity of business habits in the Colony, the Cape Argus remarks" We need something of the official and workshop discipline which prevails in England. Youngs men here go to their work in cricket flannels or blazers, swinging a tennis racket, and smoke theif pipes throughout business hours." A gigantic saw which has been made the fof armour plate department of the Homestead Mill* Pittsburg, will cut nickel steel armour platef ranging from eight to38 tons, ;vnd sometimes 29ft. long and 20in. thick, as easily as an ordinary saw will cut a pJauk. It is said to have coBf something like £ 7,000, and weighs 110 tons. Writing from Leek, Mr H. Platt observes:- I have now, running with eleven chickens, » cross-bred Pile Game-Dorking hen which crows exactly tho same as a cock. On one day at noon she fiew on to the top of a gate and crowed. She is an excellent mother, and fought a spaniel dog of my brother's which went at some chickens of hers." During his first visit to America, last year, Paderewski gave 107 concerts, the receipts from which were £ 21,600. On his second visit, thif year, he gave 67 concerts, the receipts from whioH were £ 36.200 so that while he gave lees than two-thuds of the number of concerts, his poptt" larity had increased to such an extent that IûI8 receipts were nearly doubled, According to a Yarmouth journal, a curioiM incident occurred at a local church the other day. Shortly before the commencement of a specie service for men, the wife of to show hsr detestation of certain rituaiia; practices, removed from vases a number of flower* which had been arranged in the form of crossef by a member of thio-flower Guild. ThoSAj^^H ignommiously cast out. While lately quarrying for a rock neat Brokeft Bow, Nebraska, workmen discovered a ledge at limestone on which the print of several gigantic feet were clearly outlined. In shape these markt are of a human foot, though four out of tho seven of the prints hav j six toes, the rest have the r%u- lation numher, and are the marks of a well-shaped slender foot. Geologists who have visited tbe spot. are completely puzzled by the discovery.

A SATURDAY SERMON. There is joy in contemplating the manifold forms in which the All-beautiful has concealed His essence—the living garment in which tht Invisible has robed His mysterious lovelinesfc In every aspect of Nature there is joy; whetbei it be the purity of virgin morning, or the sorabrf groy of a day of clouds, or the solemn pomp and, majesty of night; whether it be the chaste limr of the crystal, or the waving outline of distant hills, tremulously visible through dim vapours) the minute petals of the fringed daisy, or the l overhanging form of mysterious forests. It is 0 pure delight to see. It is true, even literally^ r that the darkness reveals God. Every morning God draws the ettvtain of the garish light <tCMXt His eternity, and we lose the Infinite. We look down on earth instead of up to heaven, on a narrower and more contracted speetacle-that which is examined by the microscope when thi telescope is laid asidc^-sniaJlness instead «f V88? new < F. W. Robertson. J