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WORKMEN'S TOPICS. 0-
WORKMEN'S TOPICS. 0 BY MABON, M.P. THE INTERNATIONAL MINERS' CONGRESS. A Sketch of the Proceedings. The fourth annual International Congress of ^liners commenced its sittings on Monday morn- ngJ the 22nd inst., and with very brief prelimi- naries proceeded to the appointment of its officers and committees. Mr S. Wood, M.P., was appointed the president of the day for the British I Section, with Citizen Calvagnia, the Mayor of Oarmaux, president for the French section. It I' Vill be remembered that this was the gentleman e election of whom as a mayor played so im- portant a part in the late strike in the district of iIIe Pas de Calais, France. Calvagnia, in re- • ^ming thanks for his election as chairman that horning, submitted that the honour conferred was 40t so much for what he personally had done as t.r the important and noble part played by the People, especially the miners, in the district he Represented in breaking down the tyranny of the lap ita-lists. Herr Schnoder, the German Labour tampion, who spoke on behalf of the German Miners before the present German Emperor three Tears ago, was the only German delegate to this 'tongress. It is usual at these congresses that the three ifreat nationalities, the British, French, and Germans, should be represented in the chair, by ving one of each nationality sitting together on lie platform, each acting in his turn when the Necessity of communication arose. On this occa- lion, however, Mr Schnoder, the German dele- iate, upon being proposed to take the chair, as t8aaI, for the German, Austrian, and Bohemian Miners, thankfully declined, and the congress had ly two chairmen. One of the British delegates, Presuming that Schnoder had some strong reason 0r doing this, proposed that both Schnoder "nd his colleague representing the Aus- miners should occupy seats of «>nour on the platform. This, also, was teclined with thanks. Upon private inquiry *e ascertained that these gentlemen thought that MIe best course in the interests of their personal e' iiberties (as well as of the cause that they had at 'eart) when they returned to their own respective gantries would be not to take any prominent part the deliberations of the congress. Schnoder been in gaol some months already, and has "ill to serve three months in the same unwelcome "ktirement during this year. It appears that the miners, notwithstanding the promises '-de by the present Kaiser when he posed as a protector and defender of their rights, have as aluch tyrannical oppression to grapple with now they ever bad. The miners' leaders, on the tJ pretence, are at once thrown into prison, strange to say, the workmen of Protestant have to meet the same bitter hostility the German clerical party as the French Workmen had to fight against with the Catholic J^os in France, but with a much less power, 'lity, and freedom to grapple with it. Monday afternoon was occupied in discussing eight honrs' movement, when a great many of 0 arguments that we have heard on previous 5?^fiions, both for and against, were reiterated. discussion was carried into Wednesday, but •'as seriously interfered with by the Basly and Matnendin incident. These gentlemen, the members of the French Chamber, on its I ^ng known that attended the congress, were summoned to appear before the head of the j^lice in Brussels «rb#, decreed that they should expelled from ttAe country. Accordingly they "ere ordered, ori the peril of losing their liberty, to be beyond the Belgian frontier by 12 o'clock hat very night. It should be here stated that men were not expelled for anything that whey have said or done at this congress, but were ?° dealt with in consequence of a false report that been circnlated in Belgium by the clerical **rty with regard to their conduct during the of some Belgian miners from the Pas tie Calais district after the late strike therein. It transpires that those men were taken to trance by the Clerical Association organisers, to .ork in the place of strikers, and at wages jected by them. The Belgian president of the stated that the Belgian Miners' Association^ J*d themselves severely censured the conduct of *«ose men that were found base enough to go to ^Hce when their fellow workers in that Country were fighting for their rights. £ the conference would understand that the •s de Calais affair was not the case of French toers as against Belgian miners, and was not upon as such by the Belgian miners but it was the case of the clerical Party in Belgium, who are putting itself in ^Position to the Labour party and the Labour ^Sanisations of the country. The Belgian ^sident added that the fact was that he was tnost ashamed of being a Belgian, seeing that Sor4e of their Government officials were so 'idently aiding the classes to put down the ssses, and to insult the workers of Europe by Unnecessarily and arbitrarily expelling two of the ablest and most honourable Labour leaders of rarce. The French delegates thought once very Piously of leaving the congress as a protest ^st the expulsion of their leaders but after le»gthy discussion, and an hour's adjournment, ltrid by the force of a persuasive speech from M. ,HtDendln> one of the expelled leaders, they tiifcately agreed to stay and participate the discussions of the «ongress. deputation called in the course of the afternoon 1)n the Minister of the Interior, but were unable obtain from him any modification of the ecree of expulsion. Therefore the expelled Members were escorted to the station by a large ^Umber of the other members of thexongress, and "e cordially cheered on having Paris by the 7 f 0 clock train. Qu Wednesday morning the closure was put on v "9 eight hours' debate, by reason of which ^veral speeches on that question had to be thrown lnto the waste paper basket. The resolution that lt%rmed the principle of a legal eight hours for joiners, from bank to bank, and a recommendation "at all nationalities should use every legitimate tleans in their various countries to obtain the I ^•ne was carried by a large majority, the 0rthumberland and Durham representatives :)lIly voting against it. 7%e third Tesolttt^dn affirming "that, if rieceai- owing to the various Parliaments refusing a «4ght hours' day, a i.niversal strike be Ported tota obtain thesame^' was Carried with- any stirring incident happening. The repre- 7atmtives of Northumberland and Durham a ourselves, who voted against the resolution, Mr Thomas Burt, M.P., to protest against the the proposition and to point out to congress in what a ridiculous position it would P'aoed should the same be carried. However, Sairie<t was, but the friends that carried the 0e left the congress without having appointed plici'IUe w^en this general strike should take ft IQ». though the congress was strongly urged by to have the day appointed, and a kept secret from the employers, I$rj.. fstiend upon them like a bombshell." The a^,j delegates felt that this was an irrational at ii ,triPo8sible proposition. All that was done digress was to virtually affirm the prin- to ohtl a universal strike shall be resorted to StkntSl1! t^le hours' day if it will not be of j; »y Parliaments in the various countries ^at daw pe. We personally are of opinion that ^lth th 'n Britain is a long way off. But ^jje ''le Continental miners it may not be so. after are already getting tired of meeting year to disc\iss the sauie question. They tu0jyH1y waiting for more favourable oppor- WhicheS' strengthened by this resolution, ,cannot he put in force in Great Britain, ^enol^Tj110 ^noWinPf how soon we may hear of 'i Austrian, and some other Con- 8\iflferj 'niners striking and enduring endless iu a. hopeless struggle to obtain a h#Drw,,on hours by that means. Should that th%tl "> a|id the effort fail, then it is to be feared )abottr 1 consolidation uf the European mining j bave met with such a rebuff that at tlonal congrres^es may, for a time at least, *« etd. (SCo be continued. J
- The Porth Eisteddfod-
The Porth Eisteddfod- (By Maelgwyn). After all the miseries which the poor Pressmen had to endure at recent eisteddfodau, it is a double pleasure to say a good word for the great gathering which tookplaceatPorthlastweek. The committee of the eisteddfod called their venture the "semi-National Eisteddfod," and so far as the arrangements were concernedj it was not one whit inferior to the best national gathering I have ever attended. This may seem extravagant praise, but it is fully deserved. Possibly nobody can appreciate a wen-managed eisteddfod so much as a reporter, whose business compels him to keep to his post even when other mortals can go about the field and enjoy themselves when something is going forward which they do not care for. And when I recall the long weary hours of do-nothing- ness at other places and contrast them with what occurred last week—well, I feel thankful that there is such a place as Porth and such a body of business men as those who carried the undertak- ing to such a successful close. There was one slight breeze between the Pressmen and a committeeman on Monday, but it was all the result of a misunderstanding, and probably those who think of it to day will, like myself, ha.ve a quiet laugh over it. Except for this little incident, which is really hardly worth mentioning, every- thing went off in a manner that was highly satis- factory to all concerned. A stranger entering the field in which the eisteddtod was held could not fail to be struck with the extraordinary number of email tents and wooden box-houses which clustered in the neighbourhood of the great marquee. All these were there for some specific purpose, and their presence bespoke the thought- fulness of the eisteddfod committee. In short, I must say I never attended an eisteddfod where the arrangements were more complete. One of committeemen, speaking to mo on Tuesday evening, after the last cheer had died away in the great marquee, and when the field was being used by some frisky young folks for other than eisteddfodic purposes, said he and his co-workers were mere amateurs, infants in fact, in eistedd- fodic work," and he wanted some suggestions for improvement. That man had a fine sense of the humorous, and I very politely refused to accept the infant" story. Infants don't do things in that way, and if the Porth committee are really inexperienced workers, then they may congratu- late themselves on having set an example which the promoters of several so-called National Eisteddfodau—which I have in my mmd's eye —would do well to copy. The Conductor and the Audience. It was not 6nly in its arrangements that the Porth Eisteddfod was made enjoyable. On both days it was favoured by an ideal audience and a conductor worthy of so great an assembly. The typical Cymry—earnest, yet humorous, lively, yet hot-tempered, and withal susceptible of heart touches—in that tremendous audience they lived again. And Gurnos, as the comptroller-general of that audience, was in his element. He kept the thousands in the best of good humour by his in- exhaustible wit, and yet he never unduly trenched upon the time of the competitors. When now and again there seemed to be an indication of coming storm, Gurnos would frown, as only he can frown, and say in aivoice was half- persuasive and half-threatening, "Now, William, William I am snrpnsed at you. Sit down, there's a good fellow." And as there were, of course, some scores of Williams all over the marquee, each naturally thought the admonition addressed to himself, and instantly subsided. Seeing the success of his little move, Gurnos would turn his face away, and have a quiet laugh all to himself. Never before did the great conductor score so complete a success as when the recitation competition for children was taken. After the award was made Gurnos, addressing the audience, said—" You shall hear the little girl recite later on." No, no," shouted the audionoej we want to hear her now." So you shall," said the resourceful one. I only wanted to find out whether you were taking an interest in the proceedings or not." The laugh that followed might have been heard from Peny- bont in Maesyfed to Penygraig in Morganwg. The fact that on both days of the eisteddfod the proceedings terminated about seven o'clock is the best proof of the signally successful manner in which Gurnos conducted the business. If other eisteddfodau were only managed in the same way as that at Porth there would be fewer people in the world with bad tempers than there are. A word of praise is also due to' Mr Griffiths, the gentleman who was the nominal conductor on the second day. He showed plainly enough that he knew what was expected of him, and he did it capitally. Let him go ou there is still plenty of room for a good conductor in Wales. Gurnos as an Adjudicator. As a rule, adjudications on literary competi- tions are dry and enough and to spare; but Gurnos has a way of making them as interesting as a chapter out of "Pickwick," I will give one of his awards as well as I remember it:—" I have set down 15 as the maximum number of marks, and will now deal with the various compositions receded. 'John Jones,' written in a beautiful hana, and on excellent foolscap; two marks given for the writing; the quality of the composition unworthy of consideration. Evan Evans,'also beautifully written; no marks at all this gentleman has used no marks himself; he ought to have put the whole of his work in inverted commas, for, you see, it is copied wholesale from the 'Gwyddoniadwi,' and there is no prize at this eisteddfod for transcribing. If this competitor had only placed his work in inverted commas, I might have given him a couple of marks for his honesty." And so on. If any man wishes to complain that literary adjudications are dry after this, I am afraid his case is hopeless. Next week I shall deal with the competitions decided at the Porth Eisteddfod.
------THE JUNE MAGAZINES.
THE JUNE MAGAZINES. The publications of the Religious Tract Society are always to be depended upon, and this partly accounts for their success, but not entirely so, for the contents of the monthly magazines are always bright, interesting, well-informed" and well- illustrated. Our old friend the Leisure I Hour is up to date as ever, and deals with "Personal recollections of Dr. Cha! triers, and Payment of members of the House of Commons," amongst current topics, and has the usual batch of magazine contributions. Sunday at Horne" contains, amongst other interesting papers, an article on The Bible in the British Museum," and an illustrated paper on "The Religions of India." That popular favourite, "The Girl's Own Paper," has three complete short stories, and two serials within its covers, in addition to a long list of chatty, helpful articles. In the "Boy's Own Paper" will be found a serial by Jules Verne, a capital school story, and a story of adventure. The budget is made complete by a score of articles interesting boys. Sylvia's Journal still deserves to be placed in the front rank of ladies' magazines, and it is moreover a journal which can be read with pleasure and profit by their gentlemen friends as well. The. cream of the current fashions, the toilet, &c., are given, and the remainder of the magazine devoted to literature, music, art, and fiction, ail of which articles are fully illustrated. It is well printed on choice paper. An important contribution is that on "A Group of Lady Artists," whilst "Longfellow's Heroines" is brightly written and daintily illustrated. Book Gossip, Toilet Talk, Peeps into the Kitchen, the Head Gardener, &0., make up a really good number. Amongst Messrs Ward, Lock, and Bowdon's serial publications are The Imperial History of England," part 7, dealing with the times of Henry VIII. This history, which is wonder- fully cheap, aims at being a "complete record of the British Empire and a History of the English People." The "Illustrated History of the World," part 8 Phelps's Shakespeare, part 7 Haydn s Die. ionary of Dates," brought down to the autumn of 1892, part 8; The Select Edition of the Waverley Novels; part 5 of "The Pilot "The Christian's Golden Treasury," part 7; "Every Man His Own Mechanic," part 8; and "Ward and Lock's Industrial Self-Instructor," part 43. Amateur Work" for June is an exceptionally attractive number, containing 80 pages and 190 illustrations, with a folding supplement. The numerous articles deal with the making of furni- ture, tools, sailing boats, an electric bell battery, a hanging bookcase, a perambulator, a model water-motor, brackets, an ^Eolian harp, wood carving, &c. It is an invaluable publication for the amateur m every field of work and pastime.
[No title]
A carrier named Amos Todd, who hailed from Acton, and drove a stage-cart, to save expense is said to have himself printed his name, &c; on his cart, but to have dropped the letters about in such a way that what people read was, A WWt odd act on a stage-cart."
I WELSH GLEANINGS. I
WELSH GLEANINGS. I By Lloffwr. The Welsh Land Commission. As the vast majority of the Welsh papers went to press early last week, scarcely any of them refer to the evidence given before the commis- sioners at their first sittings. A few, like the Tyst, the Werin, the Brython Cymreig, and the Goleuad (which praises Mr R. Jones for so zealously taking up the question of small holdings "), briefly refer to the sittings but we must abide until the next issues of the Welsh weeklies before we get their mature criticisms on the evidence laid before the commissioners in Glamorganshire. Publicity is given at more or less length in the Baner, the Herald, the Gcnedl, the Tyst, and the Cymro to the beads of inquiry furnished by the commissioners. The Baner prints half of them in full this week, and promises the rest in its forthcoming issue. The South Wales correspondent of that paper says that the complaint is general that five days are utterly insufficient for the commis- sioners to do anything like justice to their work in Glamorganshire." The editor of the same paper hopes" that the commissioners will not hold their inquiries anywhere during the two harvest seasons. It would be better, if possible, to hold all the meetings in the months of October, November, and December." Accounts are plen- tiful in all the papers of meetings held in various localities to prepare for the presentation of evidence before the commissioners, and farmers are vehemently enjoined to be ready when the time comes. Tne Festiniog Strike.' Strikes, the insurrections of labour," are— like other insurrections—contagious. The close sequonce of a strike in Wales after the Hull strike seems to justify the assumption that the interest which centred round the dispute at Hull has been the means of giving an impetus to the meditated rising of the Festiniog quarrympu. At present the strike is confined to one quarry (the Llechwedd quarry), but the Welsh papers point out the danger that it may lead to a general conflagration in North Wales. The Genedl Gymreig remarks that the struggle is regarded, not as a struggle between the Messrs Greaves and their men, but as one between capital and labour in a sense far more comprehensive than the usual struggles." The Welsh papers take various views on the origin and the justification of this present strike but it is gratifying to find that they have all common-sense enough to deplore the state of affairs which has led to this outburst. The Genedl recommends arbitration in the present case, and reminds Mr Greaves that it was he who moved in the Carnarvonshire County Council last November that, in the opinion of this council, it is desirable that arbitration should be resorted to in all-cases of otherwise insuperable misunder- standing between employers and employed." The IVerin adopts the same attitude as the Genedl, and the Herald (which minimises the importance of the strike), the Tyst, the Tarian, and the Cymro discuss the subject. The Calvinistic Methodist Assembly at Boetle. The meetings of th Calvjujatfc Metfcodjsfcs at ,$ Bootle have been reported at considerable length in most of the papers, at great length in the Baner, the Herald, the Cymro, and the Genedl, and at abnormal length in the Goleuad. The Goleuad— the official organ of the Corff -has devoted half its pages on two successive weeks to the meetings. In its issue of the 26th inst. it had a critical review of the meetings. The most striking feature of the Cymanfa [why do news- paper correspondents in violation of rules always speak of the Gymanfa? Cymanfa is the radical form of the word] was the offer of 22,000 towards the formation of a "Davies' Lecture yearly by MrThoinaa Davies, Bootle, in memory of his father, a Calvinistio; Methodist minister. The Goleuad says:—"Mr Davies has been brought up with the Methodists, but at the present time is a member with the English Congregationalists. This munificent gift will doubtless be a great benefit to the Cymanfa. We are glad that the lecturer is one eminently fit for the work, and that he will spare neither time nor labour to do it effectively." The regular correspondent who writes under the nont de plume of "Gweledydd" in the Baner, and who has a very close connection indeed with the gentleman appointed to deliver the first lecture, says the idea is a splendid one. The Wesleyans have their 'Fernley Lecture' in connection with their conference, but as yet no Welsh denomination had "any- thing of the kind." "One of the mem- bers," who supplies a long descriptive and critical" sketch of the assembly to the Genedl, says he must confess that to give LSO for one lecture seems a waste of money. Would it not be better if the generous donor had left £ 10 for the lecture, and had left jBM to establish a theo- logical scholarship at Bala ? This correspondent has presumably never heard of the unpleasant consequences that resulted once upon a time from examining a gift-horse in the mouth." Jottings. There are several appreciatory articles on Penry" in the Welsh papers, those in the Tyst, the Celt, and the Baner being especially noticeable. Some do'full justice to his fervent and burning love for Wales, while others appear to be much more inflamed by the negative passion of hatred towards Whitgift—despite Mr Owen Edwards' warning on this point-than by strong positive love for Penry. The Baner discusses, with much satisfaction, the attitude of Liberal Churchmen, like Canon Soott Holland, Prebendary Eyton, and the Rev. Lewis Hughes, towards Disestablishment, as shown at the recent meeting of the Christian Social Union.
[No title]
KITTY Why don't you let your moustache 1 grow, Mr Boysen ? BOYSEN Let it grow Why, my dear Miss, Winslow, I am offering it every inducement.
---FARM AND GARDEN.
FARM AND GARDEN. The Outlook on the Farm. In all parts of the kingdom thero have been downfalls of rain, all of their, apparently of a storm nature, and in some casee accompanied by thunder and lightning. These mark the break- up of the drought. It goes without saying that the rain, comparatively small ju it is, has been most beneficial and refreshing to the crops, for the earth was so dry and everything so thirsty. the wet has not yet been sufficient, to bring about the growth of mangel seed, which has, to a very large extent, remained without ger- mination, and a good soaking is wanted to start this crop. In consequence of the absence of moisture, very few pieces have been sown to turnips, and there are many complaints that late spring sown corn (as in the case of mangold) has failed to germinate. Generally speaking the wheat crop looks well, but very short in the plant, and there fwe a few report; )f tuc lower blades turning rusty. Judging form the pveserfa ap-?6arance of the barley crop, the raiu will the effect of producing a second growth, and there will con- sequently be fewer specimens of good pialting barley than would have been the case had the seed grown regularly and evenly. Oats are looking indifferently in many places, especially those which were sown late, but there is less to complain of in the early pieces on well-done land. The winter bean crop in the South and West of England is already in flower, but the crop is thin, the Atraw remarkably short, and there is no prospect of a good crop. Early sown peas, too, are coming in flower almost prematurely, but will be saved by the rain. Pasture lands had become in worse condition than arable, and on far too many farms it bad been found necessary to allow stock to range over the whole of the grass, some of which, under other circumstances, would have been shut down to hay. Although in many cases pastures have been eaten off wonderfully close, there is to be found on others a very close bottom, which only wants plentiful rain to come away, and form a plentiful supply of food, or even a moderate crop of hay. Sheep and cattle are generally in low condi- tion, having occupied the unprofitable position of "starving whilst the grass grows." Well- finished sheep maintain their price, but those which are not nicely fat and meaty, as well as beasts, are difficult of sale, the latter having fallen in value. Abundant rains would, it is expected, have an improving effect on the price of stock generally, but where the money is to be found to buy stock is the difficult question for a farmer to solve. The corn markets 'arc firm, though dull, notwithstanding that crop prospects in this country, as well as in other parts of the world, are anything but-satisfactory. -Farm, Field, and Fireside. Window Gardening, Get all window boxes filled now. Uoaofchave things too close and prim. Let the growth have liberty to flow over the fronts of the boxes, and if a few creepers are planted in the ends of the boxes to be trained round the window the effect will be enhanced. Cobsea scandoas is -4 very rapid grower, and if well watered wifl thrive in a box. Large vases or pots filled wiife Ger^niums, veronicas, etc., and placed about 'the forecourt will be bright and pleasant furniture. Indoors a few well-gtown plants will give more satisfaction than a larger number of untidy specimens. Outdoor Garden. Where the hardy annuals have come up well tiiin tb* Bmailer-kL-ort liig and the large, spreading things to 6 inches. Do it after a ahower, or else give a good watering, and as sopwas the water has settled into the land draw up the surplus plants. Annuals may be sown for late blooming. The chances are that when the change comes in the weather there will be a period of dampness, and then lost time may be made up. The land has had a good roasting, and with frequent showers the growth will be rapid. Give liquid-manure to roses, hollyhocks, phloxes, and other strong-noting plants. Holly- hocks must be well-nourished, or the fungus will probably appear on the foliage, and the effective- ness of the plants destroyed. Wash roses fre- quently if syringed frequently with clean water insects will not give much trouble. But when syringing is neglected and green fly makes its appearance, some- thing stronger than water must be used. Water used frequently will keep plants clean, but will not kill insects when the plants are badly in- fected. Place stakes to carnations and all other hardy plants in good time. Thin out shoots of phloxes where too crowded. The early flowering hardy bulbs have had a good ripening this season. Hyacinths, early-flowering tulips, and crocus may be lifted if required to make room for bedding plants. Get on with the bedding out now. I like to plant just before rain if possible, the ground works so cleanly when the surface is dry, Large masses of salvIa. patens, with a broad margin of silver-leaved geraniums," with the flowers picked off, are always attrac- tive. There are many ways of using this blue salvia, all more or less pretty and attractive. I have the salvias planted thinly, and the beds filled in with small plants of the golden-leaved abutilon. Among scarlet "geraniums" for masses there is nothing superior to West Brighton Gem. Fruit Garden. Strawberries will bear a good deal of liquid support now. <&-It is a. good plan to take the runners for forcing from plants which are not allowed to bear fruit. Those who can grow British Queen well will never give it up, but Sir Joseph Paxton is so reliable either as a forcer or in beds in the open air that all of us cling to it yet. Forced plants of Vicombegse de Thury planted out ttow, and well watered, will bear ano cropth the autumu. I e had Keen's Seedtfng do this, but not to the .extent. If not already done, the covers may be taken from the ptaoh walls. The probabilities are they bave not been used very lately, but they will not be required now. Vine-borders both inside and outside, if well drained, may requite a good deal of water. Vegetable Garden. It will be difficult until there comes a change in the weather to keep up » succession of peas. The early vsafeties are rushdt on bloom before they- Reached their full growth, aid the later sowings 111 not germinate without mois- ture, and the moisture must be a constant quantity and not by fits and starts. Inex- perienced people always fail in watering. They never seem to realise the acttial necessities of the cas6, and evein men whoihave worked in gardens for years, and who ought to know better, will not gii&p situation? arighfo 1 Watering is heavy work, and this fact may serve to account for any shortcoming. Tender plants, such as tomatoes, vegetable marrows, and ridge cucumbers, which have been well hardened by exposure, may be planted out. Vegetable marrows are very tender, but it will be easy to cover them for a night or two by inserting a large flower-pot over them. Good lettuces cannot be grown now without muloh and moisture. Transplanted let- tuces will soon bolt. It is best to sow in drills thinly, and thin out to from 8 inches to 12 inches. Lettuce seeds are cheap enough, even if it is necessary to sacrifice a few young plants. Good radishes can only be obtained now by sow- ing in a shady position, and keep the bed well watered from the time the seeds are sown. I have found it ati advantage to make the position rich with old leaf-mould and potting soil, to fill the ground full of hnmus to insure quick growth. In a dry sandy spot salad plants will do no good now. In planting out celery or anything else now shading will pay. Branches cut from trees, and either laid over the plants or-thrust in theground, will be found useful.-Gardcning Illustrated.
[No title]
His wife-was a woman who was very charitable, and her charity was of the kind that took her into the houses of poverty, where she could see for her- self the condition of the unfortunates. The other evening he was reading a lot of odds and ends from the newspaper to her. The Egyptians kneaded bread with their feet," he read among other odds. Her thoughts were elsewhere. "Those poor children I saw to-day," she said abstractedly, "needed bread with their stomachs," and the man looked HO over. iiw p&pa,ap. ber 17.
[No title]
A MODKST MAID.—"With whom were you- last engaged ?" said a lady to a pretty little Irish girl, who had applied for service. Indeed, mem, I don't like to ansher the question," said Bridget, blushing to the roots of her hair. Jf was the cause of me Joshing me lashb place." Oh, well. I must know, or I cannot take you." Well, mem, if ye musht ye musht. It was wid Tirence O'Reilly, and he was a foolish b'y. He would kiss me before the othe¡;"gj¡.18 ip,,be"kit-. ohep, *nd they got jijkms, wan."
----...----CURIOSITIES OF…
CURIOSITIES OF PARLIAMENT. It is not often that an M.P. ventures to pro- duce an article to illustrate his arguments, but when he does be may be sure, says a writer in CasseU's Saturday Journal, that his thoughtful- ness will be duly appreciated by an assembly which delights in such incidents. Some years ago, in a debate on cremation, Dr. Farquharson drew from his pocketaglass phial containing the remains of a defunct cow which bad been honoured with a fire funeral. Mr Swift MacNeill ie, however the record-breaker in these matters. On one occasion the hon. member brought down a model of a battering-ram that had been used at Irish evictions, and gave an explanation of its working to his wondering fellow-legislators. Dr Tanner, during a debate, produced a broken baton which had once been the weapon of a member of the Royal Irish Constabulary, but apparently had been fractured on the field of battle. Some years ago there was an Irish member in the House who was extremely fond of bringing down in a black bag a great quantity of documentary evidence to support the statements put forward in his speeches. One day, when delivering an oration, he stooped down and thrust his hand into the bag for a certain document which he required. To the intense amusement of the House he drew forth instead »comb and brush. At the second dive he succeeded in pulling out a pair of socks. When Dr. Kenealy was first elected he walked up to the table with his famous umbrella in his it' band, and while he was taking the oath laid the celebrated "gamp" down by the side of the Mace. It was rumoured at the time that the doctor hung the umbrella on that sacred symbol, but this does not appear to have been actually the case..
!SHifwAS A NURSEMAID.
SHifwAS A NURSEMAID. LIZA I'm jolly glad you're a horse-soldier. TCMMY ATKINS Why, Liza LIZA 'Cos I'm sick of being mixed up with "infantry" all my life.
Saw the Force of It.
Saw the Force of It. The consciousness that a youth whose necktie exactly matched his eyes in shade awaited her coming in the front parlour sent the hot blood coursing through her veins. Suddenly her brow was darkened with doubt, Manimp, she called petulantly. A tired-looking lady with pale, wan cheeks came and stood beside the maiden. "Shall I wear my crinoline down to-night mamma?" Yes, my child, by all means. Hast——" The mother's hand fondly caressed the golden curls. "forgotten that thou partookst of ouions to-night, aud that too great a degree of proxin,ity oft tends to disillusionment?" The girl sighed regretfully, but the exigencies of the occasion were apparent to her mind.
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In Denmark most of the girls are traiaed in agriculture. In this country the girls take more kindly to husbandry.
--"'--Welsh Tit-Bits.
Welsh Tit-Bits. Neu Wreichion Oddiar yr Eingion. [BY CADEAWD ] An Interesting Ghost Story. The following is the testimony of one Francis Ropier, respecting the apparition of Elizabeth Aycox The said Elizabeth Aycox was buried on the 5th day of May, 1799. About 11 o'clock on tho Friday night followmg, the said Francis Ropier was going home from Thomas Thomas's, Somer- setshire Inn, where he had been to settle his fortnight's work with the rest of his fellow-work- men. Ho was then returning alone, when opposite Underbill House he saw the figure of a woman, and on his passing it by he perfectly per- ceived it to be the apparition of Elizabeth Aycox, and was, of course, very much terrified and fright- ened, and felt a great pressure upon him until he came to the gate at the end of the constant houses, when be found himself relieved from the pressure, but whether this pressure proceeded from the terror he was thrown into or from some other supernatural cause he could not say. After this he went home, and was very poorly, though the next day he went to work, but had his son to assist him, being now subject to sudden fits of terror, and in talking of the apparition he was so affected that his skin became all over pimple?. She afterwards appeared to him at different times, particularly on the night of the 6th of June, 1799, when he was returning home from the Methodist Society Meeting at Dyffryn, in com- pany with M. R. and B. A., the latter being her own son, and though he told them and pointed to her, neither of them could perceive her. He asked her if she wanted anything of him. but she made no reply. On the evening of the 8th of June, 1799, she appeared again to him at Thomas Thomas's Inn, and on his coming home appeared between Underhill House and the Constant, and most of the way from the inn to the Constant. He then asked her if she wanted anything of him. She then replied that she had to do with him. He then proceeded towards her house, where he found her as if waiting for him. He walked forward about 30 yards, with a view to talk to her, and to know what she wanted. M. R. followed immediately aftpr him, seeing him walk forward, but lost sight of him at the corner of the houses. He was at the time carried immediately without touching the ground to the house in which the said E. Aycox died. He was taken in through the back door, which was open, and was there told to put his hand in a hole that was in the wall in a comer of the house. He asked her if one of her own sons might not do as well, to which she replied that he was the man. He then put his band in and took out a linen rag, which he thought might be an old cup. He was then instantly carried away, and in passing by the north end of the Constant houses heard M. Rees exclaiming that he was not to be found. He continued to be carried above the ground, and though he saw people on Neath Bridge whom he knew, one of them John Harry, the son of John Harry, victualler, who lived at Cadoxton, the other was John Edwards, other- wise called "John or Capel." There were more people on the bridge, but he believed these were two of them, but could not be quite positive. He was then taken to the side of the river above the bridge, on the Cadoxton side, where the water is deep and near the old kiln. He was then told to throw in the contents of the old rag, which he did, and having done this he was immediately con- veyed home. but saw no men or houses, but the ground underneath and some of the fences of the fields. He was brought back and put down within 10 yards of the place he was taken up, and was told also that all was over, and that she would trouble him no more. She also told him to turn I his back, when he fell to the ground on his face and- knees, when he heard a noise ae if the hill fetti rent to pieces. The linen rag seemeu to contain half-crowns and a considerable number of pieces which, he thOught, might have been chiefly guineas. A gentleman living in the neighbourhood of Taibacb, as soon as he bad heard of the above occurrence, arrived on the spot after Ropier had been taken away, and examined the hit! about the houses, with a number of oltfier people, but he was not to be found. The same gentleman related his experience. I resolved to stay to see what would come of it, when, in about two hours afterwards, he was seen near the same place where he bad been taken so suddenly away in a weak state, and complaining very much of his sides. He appeared to be in so faint and exhausted a state as can scarcely be described. He was taken away about a quarter- past nine o'clock, and was absent two bour. He was quite well before he saw the apparition, had no sickness of body or depression of mind, and had never been fearful by night." 14th June, 1799.-1 have this day received the above decaration from the above Francis Ropier, who is now perfectly recovered. (A copy.) Signed I was told by the gentleman who-gave me a copy of the above story that he was told tha#€he late Mr Philip Jones, of Underhill, together with other gentlemen of influence in the neighbour- hood of Taibach, took much interest In the verifi- cation of the same, and the evidence they found went much more to prove that such aneveut did happen than to disprove it. The Book of Baglan. ( Continued from last issue. •) VELYN, Rees ab Eynon says, ma. with Gladice, da. of Lin. ab Howell iVelyn, of Seingenyth. Howell Velyn was sone to Gr. ab Ivor Pettie ab Cadivpr ab Kidrich ab Gwaethfoed, lo. of Cardi- gan. Gr. ab Ivor Pettie aforesaid, as our chronicles mentioneth, ma. one of the da. of Sir Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, lo. of Glamorgan and Morganwg; and her mother was da. and one of the h. of Wm.. Earle Glou., sone of Robt. Consull, Earle of Glou., sone to Henrie the First, King of England. Adam ab Rees erected a. house of his ancestors that was decayed at a place called Porth-gogove, in Estradwellte, in the countie of Brec. This Adam ma. with Elen. one of the da, and co. h. of Lin. ab Howell Hen of the Forest of Brec.; a man fatherlie descended of the holie Brychau, co. of Brec., by whome the country first received that name. They that descended of this Adam made a choice of him for their patron or ancient stock, and so named themselves Tylwyth Adam," that is to say offspring of Adam. This Adam had issue, Rees Lloyd ab Adam Brychan the said Elen she bearetb S, a fesse p, 2 swords, a, &c. MORKIDDIG.—Rees Lloyd ma. with Goienddydd the da. of Dd. ab Owen ab Cynorwy ab Lin. ab Moreidig Warwyn. Rees Lloyd had issue, Cylton ab Rees Lloyd and others Cylton the younger, and of him Wm. James, a gent, in Monmouthshire, and his brother are descended. Rees Lloyd had a da. called Gwenllian, who ma. with Gr. ab Cadogan Vaugb, of Cidweli. And they hasJ foany sonfs and da. One of their da. was grandmother to that noble knight Sir Rees ab Thomas, knight of the honourable Order of the Garter. The Vaughans of Cidweli, the Donnes also, and the most part of all the gents in Caeimartben- shue, Cardiganshire, and Pembrokeshire are descended of that gentleman. The said Gwenllian was ma. again in GIam. with one Rees Lela, Esquire, so that there be many gents in that country also descended of her. Thos Gr. os Cilbyebill and his brotheren are of that offspring. She beareth Moneidig Coate, S 3 boys' heads with so many adders about their necks. (Tobe continuei.) We have received the following letter I, and many others of your readers, do highly appre- ciate your column of Welsh Tit-Bite, especially "The History of the Book of Baglan." The learned author specifies this week that the Con- venticle and Five-Mile Acts of King Charles the Second were repealed by King George the Third. If it is so, I wish to kuow to what purpose the Government passed the Toleration Act. As my friend, Cadrawd, is so much in sympathy with the ignorance of the Nonconformist concerning the superiority of the Ecclesiastical Laws of the country, I wish my friend to name the points which are uperjor in religious or humaltv to the Act passed by Kinrr John, the 15th day of June, 1215, to show to the public the vast pro- gress made by the Church of England in six centuries. GRENI; May 27th, 1893. L
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h' I am so glad your sister enjoyed her visit to us, Mr Smith."—Mr Smith: Oh, well, she is the sort of girl who can enjoy herself almost any- where, you know,"
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Orange? are grown in every Continent of the world. Mr Oscar Wilde, who has returned from Paris, is writing a play for Mr John Hare. More mushrooms are raised in the vicinity of Paris than in any other place in the world. On an average the letters received by the Emperor of Germany number 600 a day. In Missouri, U.S.A., are two hills, 300 and 700 feet high, almost entirely composed of hematite. The Duke of York and Princess May, it seems, will spend the latter part of their honeymoon in Italy. Lord Roberts' services in India are to be com- memorated by an equestrian statue on the Maidan, at Calcutta. Odessa iias now a population of over 230,000. A hundred years ago the inhabitants barely numbered 8,000. A tablet has been erected in Truro Cathedral in memory of Professor John Couch Adams, Senior Wrangler in 1843, and who at Cambridge University discovered the planet Neptune. Thackeray told Sir William Fraser that, according to the best French literary authorities, th", character of Becky Sharp was so common m France that it would have excited no sensation there." The average distance travelled by each pas- senger in Russia in 1889 was about 64% miles. In the United States it was 24% miles, but the number of journeys per head of the population M m England was very much greater. Mr Thomas Bevan, a member of the Penarth Local Board, who was one of the delegates at the Shepherds' A.M.C. at Wrexham, visited Hawarden on Wednesday last, and had the privilege of conversing for some time with bire Gladstone. Professor Robert Koch, who is about to pub- lish a new work in connection with cholera, will shortly be married to Friiulein Hedwig Fern- brack, an actress belonging to the company of the Berliner Theater. He has recently been divorced from his first wife. The Tory journals admit that the reception of Lord Salisbury in Ulster fell far below that of Mr Balfour in enthusiasm. Perhaps no great party leader of the first rank in our time has ever had a smaller hold on popular sympathy than the late Prime Minister. Mr Austen Taylor's unmannerly, not to say blasphemous, speech about Mr Gladstone's great age, is exciting general reprobation in Liverpool. Mr Austen Taylor is a son of the ArcbdelaCODof Warrington, who holds extreme Orange opinions. Mr Taylor is also a member of the city oouncil. Baron Schroeder is one of the foremost orchid lovers in the country. At his charming place called The Dell, which is on the outskirts of Windsor Forest, and not very far from Holloway College, he has some gorgeous conservatories, upon whose orchidaceous contents he must have spent £ 40.000 at least. It is not generally known that Mr John Morley, the Chief Secretary,, is a "Lancashire lad." He was born at Blackburn, educated at Cheltenham, finished at Oxford {liincoln College), where he took bis M.A. degree. Just 20 yean ago he was called at Lincoln's Inn, where he read law with his friend, Frederic Harrison. The German Emperor proposes to pay a short private visit to England towards the beginning of August, chiefly tor the purpose of attending the COWPS att!1.. lii tmal summer ^ru^ge Ña Scandinavian waters has nob been abandoned, but the time and extent of the voyage depend upon the political situation in Gsrmany. Mrs Lewis, the discoverer of the new Syri., version of the Gospels, is writing a bookon How the Codex was Found." Messrs Macmillan are the publishers. The news of Mrs Lewis's im- portant and romantic discoveiiy—which appeared in the Daily News and the British Weekly--wo first offered to the Times, but was declined, "owing to the pressure of Home Rule." A wonderful freak of nature in the vegetable kingdom may be observed a short distance east at Ashburnham, Massachusetts. A tree, about the size of a large apple-tree, has a limb about 18 or 20 inches in diameter. Persons have dag down and found but one root underneath, but it has two kinds of foliage, that of a pine and that of an oak. In the fall of the year burrs faU 08 one side and acorns on the other. Iva The private secretary to his Highness thfc Thakor Saheb of Gondsl gives notice that a priBy of £ 100 is offered for competition for a Nation# Anthem for the State of Gondal, India. Conv posers are required to send in their music, peat perly arranged for a military band, not later that. October next, and the composer of that musw which is approved of by a coinmittee expertf, will be entitled to the priz<? of £ 100. The coarse fish anglers will be able to resume sport on June 16th. At the present time thett is little if any colour in the water, which, hovo ever, is fresher and livelier than it has been fcC some weeks past owing to the rains. The ebuk barbel, roach, dace, and perch have had a veq good spawning season, and have been seen if thousands cleaning themselves on the Wèir, rapids and scours, many of the barbel having* however, now gone into the deeps. The Queen, it is said, contributes an acoount of the Balmoral tartan to Mr D. W. Stawartl, Old and Rare Scottish Tartans," which will be published next week by Mr G. P. Johnston, oV | Edinburgh. The work will also contain a corrw pondence ou tartans, hitherto unpublished, boo. tween Sir Walter Scott and Sir Thomas Dick Lauder. The author has examined collections of family portraits, and presents all early reterenem to Highland dress in chronological order. Brothers all. We seem to be in a fair way of becoming such in Greater Britain. The Cap* Government, taking note of the financial troubles in Australia, has telegraphed to Sydney offering temporary help, if it should be required. Sir George Dibbs and his colleagues have decline4 assistance, while they are rylouiidly grateful fot the fratenal sympathy which diotated the posal. Perhaps, however (remarks the Globe), inter-coloniai borrowing and lending is not the most desirable form of Imperial federation. A well-kiMi'vn Welsh American, Mrs Margaret Williams Roberts, lady died in Chicago, 111.. U.S.A., on April 23rd. She was the wife of the Rev. Ellis Roberts, pastor of the Welsh Metho- dist Church of that city, and daughter of the lakc Rev. David Williams, formerly minister at, Llanidloes. She was widely known from her OOttttgetfon with various religidfcm and bBa^voteht organisations. Her hfe was spent in doing good. Mrs Roberts leaves a large cirolt of friends i* Wales and America. I know nothing of Mr Parnell. I never saw him." So said Lord Salisbury in his speech at Derry. It is rather a curious confession, aU things considered. The circumstance points to the retirement in which Lord Salisbury lives. Mt Gladstone goes everywhere, sees everything, and knows everybody connected with his party. Lord Salisbury shuns political clubs, is a highly parvui et infrequens cullor of the political satot, and has a remarkably small circle of acquaintance among the men of his own party.
A SATURDAY SERMON.
A SATURDAY SERMON. Perhaps in religion, as in politics, the age of the symbol is passing away, and a solemn maui. festation may be approaching of the idea as yet hidden in that symbol. Perhaps the discovery ot a new relation—that of the individual to humanity—may lay the foundation of a new religious bond as the relation ofthe individual with nature was the soul of pagan ism as the relation of the individual with God has been tb6 soul of Christianity. But whatever may be in. store for the future, whatever new revelation of our destinies awaits us, it behoves ns mean- while not to forget that Christianity was the first to put forward the word equality, par ant of liberty-that ib was the. first to deduce the rights of man from the inviolability of hie human nature—that it was the first to open ft path to the relationship of the individual with humanity, containing in its doctrine of butum: brotherhood the germ of a principle, of a lawal 4««cwrtion, MAHBii. J
LIFE ON A SEALER.
LIFE ON A SEALER. The Antarctic Whaling Expedition is back again after a nine months' absence. A member of the expedition gives in the Times a vivid picture of the horrors of sealing. Now," he writes, a full boat is making its way to the ship. We steam towards her. As we near the engines are stopped and she glides alongside. lhft cook or the steward rushes from the look- out,, the doctor, from the wheel, one working the steam winch and the other unswitching the skins, while the boat's crew swallow a hasty meal. The, boafc being unloaded, they are off again for another fill. The greatest rivalry exists between ,,Val 5 een the boats, each endeavouring to get the greatest oad for the day. Another boat is seen approach- ing, and away we go again, dodging this piece of ice, charging that piece with our sturdy bow3, boring away where the ice lies closely packed, rounding this berg, and on to the next until we reach the boat, which is down to the gunwale in the water, with its crew cautious, plying their oars as they lie crouched upon their bloody load. So it goes on from day to day bay is made while the sun shines, and the pile of skins and blubber rises high upon the ship's deck."
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Every bride Is beautiful, and it is a mystery 'where all (be plain married women come from, l
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[BY W. R. WILLIAMS, SOMCITOB, TALVB0NT.] Iu the list of Knights of the Shire for the Cuunty of Cardigan the ancient family of Pryse, of Gogerddan, stands out pre-eminently above its fellows as having returned many members to Westminster, while the Vaughans, of Tiawscoed, are also conspicuous by their presence on many occasions. In fact the county is noted for choos- ing its own sons in an almost unbroken succes- sion, with the brief exception of the Cromwellian period, and of those few instances in which a Carmarthenshire or Glamorgan man has been chosen, and several of its knights have been noted men of their day; Sir John Vaughan (1661) became Chief Justice of the Common Bench temp. Charles II., and bis eldest son (1669) was a Lord of the Admiralty, while his son (1694) was created Viscount Lisburne. The members for 1734 and 1747 held the office of Attorney- General of South Wales, and another Viscount Lisburne (1755) held successively the offices of Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, a Lord of Trade, and a Lord of the Admiralty, while the member for 1736 was the celebrated Col. Johnes, of Hafod. There were petitions in 1708 and 1715, and in 1717 the sitting membsr was expelled the House, a most unusual occurrence in Wales. The registered number of electors, which in 1858 was 2,723, and in 1875 was 4,361, became 12,385 in 1887. No writ has been found for the election of the first member for Cardiganshire in December, 1541 (though possibly it was David Llwya); but in September, 1547, Willielmus Devereux, armiger, was returned. This member was the third son of Walter, Lord Ferrers, of Charb!ey, who, for his military services in France, was created Viscount Hereford, 3550, and held the offices of Chief Justice of South Wales and Governor of Warwick Castle. The Hon. William Devereux, who was afterwards knighted, married Jane, daughter of John Scudamore, of Holme Lacey, Co. Hereford. He was succeeded as member in February, 1553, by Jacobus Williams, armiger (esquire), and he in September, 1553, by Johannes ap Richard ap Rees, David Lloid, generosus (gentleman), who was re-elected March, 1554, as Johannes ap Rice, armiger, and was otherwise known as John Pryse (Pryce or Price), of Gogerddan. He was the son and successor of Richard ap Rhys or Pryse, of Gogerddan, was high sheriff of Merioneth, 1580, and was twice married—(1) to Elizabeth, dau. of Sir Thomas Perrot, Knt., of Haroldstone co. Pemb., and (2) to Bridget, dau. of James Pryse, of Mynachdy, and as he was the first of the family to sit in Parliament, it may here be mentioned that the Gogerddan family derives its descent from Gwaethvoed, Lord of Cardigan, who died in 1057, one of whose descendants, Rbydderch ap levan Lloyd, lived in the next age after Dafydd ap Gwilym (says Burke), and was a poet of the first rank. He received his education at Oxford, and was owner of the estate of Gogerddan, in Cardiganshire. Amongst other works of his we have a curious ode In English, which shows the pronunciation of that language in those days, of which, perhaps, no other proof can be brought. No writ can be found for the next Parliament, November, 1554 but Henricus Jones Milee was returned September, 1555, and January, 1558, and re-elected (as Sir Harry Johnes, Kt.) January, 1559. Sir Henry Johnes, of Abermarles, was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Johnes, Knt., of Aber- marles and Haroldston, first M.P. for Pembroke- shire. and traced his descent from Rees ap Gronow ap Einon, who married the dau. and co-heiress of Griffith ap Cydrych, Lord of Gwinfe. One of his ancestors, Griffith ap Nicholas, of Newton, Co. Carm., was slain at the battle of Wakefield, and his eldest son, Thomas ap Griffith (who was afterwards killod in a duel), acquired the Abermarles estate by marrying Elizabeth, dau. and heiress of Sir John Griffith, of that place. Sir Henry Johnes was M.P. for Carmarthenshire 1553 and 1554, and for Cardiganshire 1555, 1557, and 1558 (see Co. Carmarthen, 1553). John Pryse, of Gogerddan, was again elected 1563 and 1572, and his eldest son, Richard, became the member in the next Parliament, 1584, and was furthermore returned 1588, 1593, 1601, and 1621. Sir Richard Pryse, who was knighted by James I., married Gwenllian, dau. and heiress of Thomas Pryse ap Morris ap Owasn ap Evan Blaney (or Blaen), of Aberbychan, Mont- gomeryshire, and dying Feb., 1622, was buried in the church at Llanbadarnfawr. In Oct., 1597, Sir Richard was probably succeeded as member by his brother, Thomas Pryse, of Glanvraed (who acquired that estate by his marriage with Bridget-, dau. and heiress of John Gruffydd), but this is not quite certain, as the return being torn, the name appears as Thomas only. However, the Gogerddan interest was already paramount m the county, as in 1604 the mamber was Sir John Lewes, or Lewis, Knight "of Abernant-Bychan, who married Bridget, eldest daughter of Sir Rlcbd. Pryse. Sir John was the son of James ap Lewis, of Aber- nant-Bychan, and became possessed by exchange of the estate of Coedmore. His son James Lewis, of Abernant-Bychan, was also elected for the county 1624, 1625, 1626, 1628, and April, 1640. No return has been found for the Parliament of 1614. In December, 1640, Walter Lloyd was returned to the Long Parliament," but in August, 1646, the majority of the^House having declared him disabled to sit on account of his being a Royalist, Sir Richard Pryse, Knt. and Bart, of Gogerddan, was elected in his stead. Sir Richard, who bad been previously knighted, was furthermore created a baronet by Charles I.. August, 1641. and was twice married, (1) to Hester, daughter of Sir Hugh Middleton, Bart. and (2), to Mary, daughter of Lord Ruthin, and relict of Sir Anthony Vandycke. He was the eldest son of Sir John Pryóe, Knt.. and grandson of the member in 1584, aud had thiee sons— Richard and Thomas (successively baronets), and Carbery. Sir Richard was high sheriff of the county, 1655, and again its member. 1660-1. To the Cromwellian Assemblies Cardiganshire returned two members, Colonel James PhiUipps, of Terragibby, and Jenkin Lloyd, in July, 1654, and James Phillipps and Colonel John Clark, of Kensington, 111 November, 1656, but no return can be found for January, 1659. Colonel Phil- lipps was chosen both for this county and county Pembroke 1656, and, preferring to repre- sent the latter constituency, was succeeded in the seat for Cardiganshire by James Lewes in November, 1656. Both Colonel Clark and Colonel Phillipps, who were ardent Republicans, have been previously mentioned as members for Pembrokeshire. On the restoration of Charles II. in 1660, Sir Richard Pryse, Bart., of Gogerddan (see 1640), was again returned, and the following year John Vaughan, of Trawscoed, was elected. As he was the first of his family to sit for the cqunty, it will be well to repeat here what Burke says in bis Peerage:—" This noble family deduces its descent from Colwyn ap Tagno, who lived in the time of Prince Anarawd, about the year 875, and was Lord of Ardudwy, now a part of Merioneth- shire." His descendant-, Adda Vaughan, married Dido, daughter and heiress to Evan Coch ap Griffith, of Trawscoed, and so acquired those lands, circa 1200. This member was the son of Edward Vaughan, of Trawscoed was born Sept., 1603, and married Janet, eldest daughter and co-heiress of John Stedman, of Cilcommyn. He was called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, and rose to fame as (t practitioner in the Celebrated Star Chamber, temp. Charles I. Mr Vaughan was M.P. for Cardigan 1628^9 and 1640 6, when he waadjplarfd V& W'btr.tccoftiitrof fceMig VRtiyallsfr, and he refused to take office under Cromwell. He also represented the county of Cardigan from April, 1661 (being at the same time chosen for Newton, Lancashire), till May, 1668, when he was made a Serjeant-at-Law and knighted, and at the same time elevated to the high judicial position of Lord Chief Justice of the Cuurt of Common Bench or Pleas, an office next in rank (until its abolition in 1880) to the Lord Chief Justice of England, and this appointment he held till his death, December, 1674, when he was buried in the Temple Church, London. His portrait was painted in the Guildhall. Sir John Vaughan, who was an excellent and painstaking judge, was a great friend of the learned John Selden, whose executor he was, and he was the editor of Reports of Cases decided in the Common Pleas, 1665-74. "To great abilities this respectable Judge united a strong attachment to the English Constitution, which prevented his being too great an advocate for the prerogatives of the Crown." The vacancy caused by his acceptance of office was not filled up till August, 1669, when bis o\»ly son. Edward Vaughan, of Trawscoed, was elected. He married Letitia, daughter of Sir William Hooker, Knt., was re-elected for the County February and September 1679 and 1681, and held office as a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty (or, as it was officially styled, a Commissioner for executing the office of Lord High Admirat of England and of the seas and admiralties thereof) February, 1679, to February, 1680, with a salary of £1,000 a year and a house in the Admiralty, his colleagues being Sir Henry Cape), Knt., the Hon. Daniel Finch, Sir Thomas Lee, Bart., Sir Humphrey Winch, Bart., Sir Thomas Mperes, Knt., and Edward, Hales, Esq. Mr Edward Vaughan died 1688. He is mentioned by Bishop Burnet as "one of those who preserved the nation from a very deoeitful and practising oowrt, and from a corrupt House of Commons." (Tq be continued.) V
!Songs for the People.
Songs for the People. Andrew Fletcher, ef Salteun, in a letter to the Marquis of Montrose, wrote :—" I knew a very wis. 1\13.D that believed that if a man were permitted to make [,n the ballads he need net. care wbo ¡¡bauJd make the laws of the nation."
MY NATIVE VALE.
MY NATIVE VALE. Dear is my little native vale, The ring-dove builds and murmurs there Close by my cot she tells her tale To every passing villager. The squirrel leaps from tree to tree. And shells his nuts at liberty. In orange-groves and myrtle-bow'rs, That breathe a gale of fragrance round, I charm the fairy-footed hours With my loved lute's romantic sound; Or crowns of living laurel weave For those that win the race at eve. The shepherd's horn at break of day, The ballet danced in twilight glade, The canzonet and roundelay Sung in the greenwood shade; These simple joys, that never fail, Shall bind me to my native vale, S. RQGIB.
MOMENTS.
MOMENTS. I lie in a heavy trance, With a world of dream without me; Shapes of shadow dauce, In wavering bands about me; But at times some mystic things Appear in this phantom lair, That almost ssem to me visitings Of Truth known elsewhere: The world is wide,—these things are small; They may be nothing, but they are all. A preyer in an hour of pain, Begun in an undertone, Then lowered, as it would fain Be heard by the heart alone; A throb when the soul is entered By a light that is lit above, Where the God of Nature has centred The Beauty of Love The world is wide,—these things are small; They may be nothing, but they are all. A look that is telling a tale, Which looks alone dare tell- When a cheek is no longer pale, That has caught the glance, as it fell A touch, which seems to unlock d• Treasures unknown as yet, And the bitter-sweet first shock, One can never forget The world is wide-thesA things are sml1 They may be nothing, but they are all. A sense of an earnesc will To help the lowly-living, And a terrible heart-thrill, If you have no power of iving; An arm of aid to the I A friendly hand to the friendless, Kind words, so short to speak, But whose echo is endless The world is wide—these things are small; They may be nothing, but they are all. LORD HOXIGHTON.
- --------The Household.
The Household. Accidents in the Nursery. The habit little children have of carrying ob- jects to the mouth results in their frequently swallowing coins, tacks, pencils, marbles, and many similar small objects. If a smooth, hard object, hke a marble, has just been swallowed, a bland emetic, such as a teaspoonful of syrup of ipecac, may be immediately given. It is a bad practice, on the contrary, to give purgative medicines, as the increased action induced may cause impaction of the body, or, if it have a sharp surface, inflammation. The plan of treatment is to administer plenty of food that will surround the object and carry it safely out of the body without injury to the mtestmal walls. To this end, baked potatoes and stale bread will prove useful. The Secret of a Good Memory. Whatever may be said in regard to training the memory, it must be remembered that training is not. as used to be :<up1. an ihdependent faculty of the mind that in some mysterious way may be directly strengthened by exercise, as the blacksmith strengthens his arm but that memory as retentive is due to the plasticity of nerve- substance, and to the property of nerve centres by which they retain in growth their functional modifications; and that recollection depends upon physiological conditions such as the cerebral circu- lation and the proper functioning of nerve cells; moreover, that a complete act of recollection is a complex process involving comparison, inference, and the like. Hence, whatever in general is conducive to vigorous health, and whatever tends to habits of clear and orderly tbinking-sucb conditions will aid recollection. And whatever is detrimental to the normal functioning of the nerve-cells—fatigue, intense emotion, or the like —and whatever blinds the judgment will hinder recollection. In short, all pyschological beati- tudes are on the head of him who has good health, sane emotions, and trained power of attention. But no amount of study, nor all the prescriptions mnemonic doctors, from Simonides to Loisette (except so far as they train attention) can atone for amemia of body or lack of the power of attention. Hints, RICE PODDING.—Pick and wash a teaeupful ot rice, put in a saucapan with three cupfuls of sweet milk, and let it boil until tender. Take up, add a little- bit of butter, a pint of sweet milk, oue well-beaten egg, and a teacupful of sugar flavour with nutmeg. Put in a deep pudding- pan and set in the oven bake until brown. Serve without sauce. STEWED HARE OR RABBIT.—Joint up the rabbit, cutting the back through the middle and cross- wise into neat portions. Brown in a little very hot dripping in a frying-pan put into the sauce- pan, and fry a chopped onion aud a pint of mixed carrots and parsnips, cut in dice. Put all in the pot, with a pint of boiling water, cover closely, and simmer until tender. PORK SAUSAGES.—Take equal quantities of lean and fat pork, season with of salt, one pinch of long pepper, and two pinches of common pepper to every 21b. of meat, and chop very finely in the machine. When it is thoroughly amal- gamated, and forms a paste, moisten it with some water, or, better still, with two eggs to every 21b. of meat. Another favourite mixture consists of three-parts of veal and one of fresh bacon, rather fat, and slightly warmed chop and season as before, moistening in the same pro- portions with a quarter of a pint of good milk or cream. FRUIT-MANGE,—Make half-a-pint of gruel, and whilst boiling add half an ounce of gelatine soaked in a gill of cold water. When this is dissolved, stir in a gill of orange, strawberry, currant, or lemon juice. Sweeten to taste with castor sugar. Beat all together, and if there is the slightest appearance of lumps, strain the mange, otherwise it is not necessary. Stir occa- sionally until cold' to prevent a skin forming. Pour the mange into a china mould, and let it stand till set. When orange or lemon juioe is used, a little of the peel should be boiled in the water of which the gruel is made.
CORRIDOR TRAINS IN ENGLAND.
CORRIDOR TRAINS IN ENGLAND. The" corridor train" is gradually winning its way into public favouty if,we may judge from its increasingly familiar appearances on the great trunk lines. The advantages of this compromise between the ordinary English form of railway coach and the American i saloon combine con- venience on long railway j&atnWys with the Eng- lish taste for seclusion. The-general managers of the three railways—the Great Northern, the North-Eastern, and the North British—which give the east coast express rou e announce to begin in July the running of a corridor train from London to Edinburgh. A dining saloon for third- class passengers will be provided, as well as one for the first-class, an important improvement, which will spaedily justify itself in the saving of prolonged stoppages and an increase of popularity.
-----A BEAUTY LOTION.
A BEAUTY LOTION. Professor Bayer, of Munich, who has been mak- ing researches in some of the most ancient tombs of Achmin, has come upon some unlooked-for results among the mummies of certain Egyptian Princesses lying there. These discoveries are no less than certaia vials containing cosmetics and beautifying lotions by the side of their dead-and gone mistresses, from whom these precious belong- ings were not separated even in death. But while the ladies died, and their beauty departed, the lotions which beautified them lived on, and Professor Bayer is now making an analysis of the contents of the precious vials, the results of which .are to be published for the benefit of the feminine world.
ECHOES FROM THE CALENDAR.…
ECHOES FROM THE CALENDAR. JUNE. J 4. SUNDAY—1st Sunday after Trinity. 5. MONDAY-Waverley wrecked, 1874. 6. TUESDAY-Gas lighting introduced, I807.«-Ionian Islands surrendered, 1864. 7. WEDNESDAY—Anti-Compensation Demonstration, 1890. 8. THURSDAY-Alexandra Palace burnt, 1873.-Sir J. E. Millais bom, 1829. 9. FRIDAY-Charles Dickens died, 1870. 10 SATURDAY—Crystal Palace opened, 1854.•Oxford shot at the Queen, 1840. The Ionian Isles. King George I. of Greece arrived at Corfu on June 6, 1864, to take formal possession of the Ionian Islands, from which the British troops had been withdrawn four days before. There are about 40 islands in the chain running round the west coast of Epirus, to which the name of Ionia had been given in modern days. It was the Venetians who ceded them to France in 1797. Three years later they were seized by Russia and Turkey, and formed into a republic, but were restored to Franco by the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807. The overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo upset this with so many other arrangements, and in November, 1815, the Ionian Islands were once more formed into a republic under British pro- tection. Financially, the possession was far from profitable, the islands costing Britain a hundred I thousand a year on an average. After the Crimean war the people clamoured for annexa- tion to Greece, and this was ultimately conceded by the British Government. A Noted Artist. The acknowledged head of the Pre- Raphaelites" of other days came of an old Jersey family settled in Southampton. Here the lad very early displayed a great aptitude for drawing, and when only eleven years old was entered as a student at the Royal Academy. After carrying off many honours he gamed the gold medal in 1847 for his picture of The Tribes of Benjamin Seizing the Daughters of Shiloh." The Pre-Raphaelites—Millais, Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and one or two others- rebelled against the ordinary teachers of their time, and resolved to follow the example set them by the masters of the mediaeval school, and depict Nature as they saw it. Some startling surprises were the not unnatural result; but on the whole the movemen', though greatly ridiculed, did good. Millais, however, departed very widely from the methods of his school, and, being successful in these departures, has not turned backward. During the last 20 years the artist has devoted consider- able attention to portraiture—the striking repre- sentations of Mr Bright, Cardinal Newman, and Lord Salisbury being notable triumphs. John Everett Millais was made an A.R.A. in 1855, and R.A. in 1863, the honour of baronetcy being conferred upon the painter in 1885. An Attempt on the Queen. It was about six o'clock on the evening of Wednesday, June 10th, 1840, as the Queen and Prince Albert drove out from Buckingham Palace, that Oxford made a deliberate attempt, to assassinate her Majesty. The vehicler a low German droschky, drawn by fou horses with postilions, had been driven a short distance up Constitution-hill, thus getting clear of spectators, when the young man fired directly at the Queen. An eye-witness said, The moment he fired the pistol he turned him- self round, as if to see whether anyone was behind him. He then set himself back again, drew a second pistol with his left hand from his right breast, presented it across the one he had already fired, which be had in his right hand, and fired again, taking very deliberate aim.' Several persons then rushed upon him, and he Several persons then rushed upon him, and he w.,te taken to the police-station, bring quite olm. He gave his name as Edward Oxford, 17 ysars of age, and it was found he had been engaged as barman at a public-house in Oxford-street. While the dastardly outrage called forth universal expressions of loyalty, the prisoner was sent for trial to the Old Bailey, where he was adjudged to be insane, being first sent to Bedlam and afterwards to Broadmoor. The Court commentary on the case is given in the Life of Prince C6nsort," where we read:—"There was no doubt that the wretched creature knew perfectly well what he was about, and acted, so far as intentions can be judged by acts, with a murderous intent. It would have been well, as events proved, if he had been dealt with upon this footing. The plea of insanity, however, was set up, and effect having been given to it by the jury, he was committed to a lunatic asylum for life. The best commentary on the lenity thus shown was pronounced by Oxford himself, on being told of the similar' attempts of Francis and Beaa in 1842, when he declared that if he had been hanged there would have been no more shooting at the Queen." After being kept in confinement for 28 years Oxford was set at liberty in 1868, on condition of going abroad.