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1-:-:-----------I LONDON LETTER.

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1 I LONDON LETTER. LONDON, Monday. j 4 The attention of all who take an interest ) 61 public affairs has to-day been directed to I Jie remarkable speech addressed to the | Iteichstag by Prinze Bismarck in explana- tion of his colonial policy. Despite the Offorts of those who are nothing if not paradoxical to show that underlying the Chan- tellor's words is some direful threat towards England, the tone of public opinion generally Appears to be favourable. The speech is regarded as a straightforward intimation that Germany must henceforth be reckoned With as a colonial power, and that she will be no party to any aggression upon the eights of other powers, provided those other powers are prepared to deal with her in a friendly way. The meaning is evident that Prince Bismarck, despite the hesitating position of the Reichstag, is deter- mined upon carrying oat his colonial policy, and it is not good tactics to regard him as uu W«ww iis Isssscd his speech in ( ] o plain a fashion. iA a curious statement described as sciiii-official which is going the round of this evening's papers, denying that the Bishop of Manchester has been offered the Bishopric of London, and affirming that even if lie had been, he would have refused it. As to the first part of the statement it was scarcely needful to publish such a denial, for not even the most convinced believers in the energy of the Prime Minister would conceive that he had tendered a bishopric S* a possible candidate before thfc late occupant of the see had been laid in his grave, and this is what must be premised in the denial in question. The fact is that most of the talk about the future Bishop of London is premature. Mr Gladstone is not the man to settle such an important appointment off-hand, and, although his will be the selec- tion when it is made, it must not be for- gotten that the Queen has to be consulted upon it, and that her Majesty may have more than one word to say in connection therewith. The conference of members and friends of the liberation Society, which is to assemble at the Memorial Hall to-morrow evening, is expected by its organisers to have an im- portant influence upon the disestab- lishment movement. Those who desire to free the Church from State control are determined not to allow the grass to grow under their feet, when once the new ( constituencies are constructed. They con- 1 aider that for a sufficiency of time they have f kept the question in the background, father than give the lea'>t colour to the suggestion that they were splitting the Liberal party, and when the labourer is admitted to the vote they will strive their utmost to persuade him that disestablish- ment is in every respect a good thing. LONDON, Tuesday Night. Mr Chamberlain's visit to Ipswich to- morrow, when the gathering of the National T Liberal Federation will be held amongst tne constituents of a personal friend and a poli- I tical associate of the President of the Board I pf Trade, is looked forward to with much v interest. There can be little doubt that the general impression of Mr Cham- í herJain, that, when he speaks, he says Something worth listening to, rests Upon a very substantial basis. Bir- minghaui is proud of the daring duckling cl immortalised in a cartoon in Punch not very 11on ago, nor is the pride of the hardware f capital in its distinguished citizen at all Unreasonable. Within four years of his entering the House of Commons he was a Cabinet Minister, an experience which falls to few representatives of the people, and his Public utterances are now considered of so much importance that -wherever he goes he 13 followed by an army of reporters. t 2- Charles Dilke's action at the meeting cl i bf the Chelsea Liberal Council last night has L been much talked of by politicians to-day. Two lithographed resolutions had been pre- pared for acceptance by the council, but the motion in favour of the second ballot Was not on the agenda paper. It was brought forward in the shape of an amendment by Mr R. B. Brett, M. P. for Falmouth, private secretary to the Marquis of Hartington, and eldest son of the Master of the Rolls, himself forriierly a Conservative member for Helston in Cornwall, and seconded by Sir Charles Dilke. The reports of the proceedings in the London papers are exceedingly brief, beiag in fact summarily dismissed in a paragraph. I believe the truth is that the President of the Local Government Board cares very little for public speaking or to how small an extent ho is reported. Siiioe the sentence of four months' im- P^'isonmeut for libel was passed upon Mr dinund Yates in April last, the question often been asked, what has become of it? known that Mr Yates was spending a considerable part of his time in Paris, and that he had not yet made the acqtia* litaiice of the Governor of Holloway I *ri8on. The inquiry had been answered f to-day in the arguments before the \;om- of Appeal, presided over by the Master of the Rolls, who to those present ■certainly seemed to lean decidedly against the appellant. For all that, now that three- quarters of a year have elapsed since the sentence was passed by Lord Coleridge and two of his colleagues in the Queen's Bench, I the punishment is looked upon as greatly exceeding the offence, especially when it is remembered that the prison regulations are I now very much more severe than they were only a few years ago. The power of the Press has not often been so clearly exemplified in affecting the de- cision of a public body as in the case of the Commissioners of Sewers to-day. A pro- posal has to be brought before them for con- structing sub-ways for foot passengers, so as to relieve the busy streets in the immediate neighbourhood of the Mansion House, the Royal Exchange, and the Bank of England. No one who has witnessed the nervousness of timid pedestrians, anxious in the middle of the day and early afternoon to get from the Mansion House to the Bank, running the gauntlet of the traffic of King Wilhain-street, Lombard-street, Cornhilh ünd Threadncedle-street, will doubt the value of the proposed subways. The London papers strongly supported the suggestion, and bowing to the general expression of public opinion, the commissioners have Unanimously assented to the scheme. A member of the family of Gore-langton has so long and sc often represented one of the divisions of Somerset that the farmers of that Conservative county will receive the intelligence of Mr William Stephen Gore- Langion's intended resignation with some surprise. The hon. gentleman, who is not yet 40, has issued an address announcing that ho shall resign his seat at the beginning of the session. His father sat for West Somerset from 1851 to 1856, and from 1863 I A T^E Present member has sat for Mid Somerset seven years. The consti- tuency is one which the Liberals will not now contest, for although the Franchise Act is upon the statute book, it cannot -come into operation for another twelve months. The earlier reception given to Lord Rosc- bery's circular to the peers has not been varied by subsequent developments. For reasons chiefly of a personal character, the peers have declined to accept the leadership of the young earl ill this matter. If Lord Salisbury, Earl Granville, or some other of the elders of the House had undertaken the business, it would Ihave been different. j :nt when Lord Roscl)ory ofrors himself to take the lead, he is regarded by noble lords as David was looked upon by his big biothers when he proposed to go forth and give battle to the giant. But though Lord Rosebery has been eiiubbe(I in his attempt to form a mixed party on the question, he is not the kind of man to abandon an undertaking because at the outset he has suffered repulse. His idea was that a majority of the peers were, like brmself, secretly convinced of the in- ^vitableness, if not of the desirability or the necessity, of reforming of House of Lords. When he had brought forward the subject In the form of a resolution, Lord Salisbury -And Earl Granville, for once united had chaffed him out of court. Having tried both wayB, and most Mterly failed in the private application, Lord Kosebery will next session return to the subject, conscious in the strength that a man leading a forlorn hope in either House of Parliament possesses when he has behind him the support of public opi- nion. 1n connection with this question, I have hcieu looking over the roll of the present House of Peers, and am surprised to find how modern is the personnel of this aiicient institution." There arc, excluding j-'oyal princes, bishops, judges, and represen- t*tive peers, 485 peers of the realm lieritora of that "old nobility" for the preservation of which Lord John Manners pleaded with pathetic energy. How many of these, does the average reader suppose, have held a peerage in their family for more than 85 years 'I Exactly the odd 185. Not less than 300 of the peerages now existent have been created within the present century. Within the last ten years Mr Disraeli and Mr Glad- stone have between them made 70 peers. Some of these, notably Lord Brabourne, have "been loudest in their indignant protest against laying rough hands upon an institu- tion which had its germs of life in the time of William the Conqueror, and which struggled at Runnymede with King John. LONDON, Wednesday Night. The news telegraphed from Cairo that General Stewart was to remain at Metamneh till General Earle reaches him by the round- about river route has checked the eager expectation with which Stewart's movements were watched. According to Lord Wolseley's calculation, he is to be at Metamneh on Friday. There seems good reason to believe that Gordon is still master of the river between Metammeh and Khar- toum, and it was believed that Stewart's men would immediately proceed down the river. If they are to wait for Earle's forces, at least another month must elapse—a contingency not only undesirable, as length- ening the period of Gordon's beleaguring, but as dangerously limiting the season of the year during which the British troops might complete their task. This is nominally the cool season in the Soudan; but nobody shivering under the wintry skies that overspread England just now, will imagine the temperature approaches that which prevails in the Soudan. Except through the night, the weather, amid which the relief column now works, is what we should cali here a roar- ing hot day." This will increase in degree with every week that passes, and to lose a month waiting for General Earle would be a course to be taken only under extreme pressure of responsibility. It would be well to await confirmation of the report before accepting it. A telegram from Paris, received to- night, announces that the understanding between France and Germany is now com- plete. France, we are told, engages to pro- tect German commerce in all French colonies,- whilst Germany undertakes to support France in her colonial enterprises as well as in the settlement of questions re- lating to Egypt, China, and the Congo. This is, of course, pure nonsense. According to ancient international law France is already engaged to protect German com- merce in all her colonies, whilst Prince Bismarck is not likely to engage himself to back up France all over the world. Beyond these details there is the unassailable fact that France and Germany will have at least one more fight before they become allies. The death of Lord Aylcsford in a foreign country is a melancholy end to a miserable life. Lord Aylesford early came into possession of an ancient title, an historic house, and a large fortune. lie ran through them in the quickest possible manner, be- sides making his name familiar in the public ear in other ways. What finally broke him was the entertainment he gave some years ago to the Prince of Wales in his Warwick- shire home. Before Mr Bates's appeal case came on the general opinion was that he would win. To-night the impression of his friends who have sat through the arguments, and watched the judges, is not so sanguine. What might, under slightly varied circum- stances, have prove a memorable calamity befel in Victoria-street, Westminster, this afternoon. About two o'clock llanies were discovered issuing from the roof of the Members' Mansions, one of those colossal buildings now so popular in London, which have the residential capacity of a moderate- sized street, thirty or forty families living in them, each with their separate suites of apartments as isolated as if their front doors I opened on a thoroughfare instead of on to a staircase. The alarm was raised, and in a commendably brief period a strong muster of fire engines drew up. Very soon the startling discovery was made that the hose would not carry as high as the locality of the fire, and it seemed for a few desperate moments as if there was nothing to be done but to let it burn down. .Fxtra steam force pumps were brought into play, and a nearer point of access being dis- covered, the water fell full upon the raging fire, and in about a couple of hours it was put out, having been successfully kept within the limits of a wing of the building where it broke out. There was no difficulty in trac- ing the origin of the fire. It had occurred to one of the numerous tribe of "Buttons," or as they are now called, "Page Boys," who pervade the building that as the weather was cold he would have a fire in his room. Some people would have been deterred from carrying out the design by the fact that there was no fireplace in the room. But- tons," scorning little obstacles of that kind, lit his fire and, incidentally, the whole build- i ng. A fire morc or less in London is scarcely worthy of spocial note, but there was an incident in connection with this fire in the Members' Mansions, which is of widest pub- lic interest. Down Victoria-street, passing the door of Members' Mansions are the mains of the Hydraulic Power Company. These without more trouble than turning a tap, would provide a force of water that would probably rise double the height of the sixth storey, at which the firemen's hose at first played in vain. It was only the other day I adverted to the fact that in a Yorks-hire town the advantages of these mains, at high pressure, running through the principal thoroughfares, was perceived by local authorities, and arrangements were made for using them in case of tire. London, like all big communities, ij slow to adopt so simple an expedient as is here provided. If the fire at Members' Mansions prove instru- mental in calling attention to the public boon provided, "Buttons" will not have lit his grateless fire in vain. Meanwhile, it is not pleasant tu think what might have happened in this crowded community sup- pose the fire had broken, out at midnight.

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