The Welshman

PROTECTIONIST MEETING AT COWBRIDGE. On Tuesday last, an assemblage of the gentry of (Glamorganshire took place at the Bear Inn, Cowbridge, in order to effect a demonstration in favour uf Pro- tection to British Agriculture and British Industry against unfair competition with the untaxed productions of other countries." There were about 250 or 300 individuals present Amongst the meeting were :—Capt. Boteler, High Sheriff for the County H. Gwyn, Esq., M.P., T. Booker, Esq., Crawshay Bailey, Esq., R Nichol Carne, Esq., Dr. Carne, Col. Tuberville, H. Entwistle, Esq., R. Franklen, Esq., Rev. Geo. Traherne, Traherne, Esq., Captain Birt Jenner, David Thomas. Esq., Pwllywrach, E. David, Esq Radyr Court. Wm. Thomas, Court, Merthyr, Dr. Sylvester, Cowbridge, W. Perkins, Esq., Merthyr, The Revds. R. Knight, C. Knight, H. J. Thomas, Thomas Williams, Griffiths, Llansaunor, F. Edwards, Gilston, R. Tyler, Mr. J. Ballard, &c. Sir C. Morgan, of Tredegar, and Sir Geo. Tyler were present for a short time, but were obliged to leave pwing to other engagements. The High Sheriff, who presided, having briefly opened the business of the meeting, the first resolution was proposed by Howel Gwyn, Esq., M.P., and was to the effect that the resnlts of Free Trade in this country had jpetirely falsified tbe promises and reversed the argu. fgOts put forth promoters, and was contrary to principles of ismiee. Mt- Gwyn continued to rc- tokrk, that when Free Trade measures were first pro- ynsi rl. tfccy had been toW that inch must be their effect that He such thing as distress could exist in the country, that the poor man would live with the same ease as a fich gold and silver might be.. had alvoftt for the picking. Had such been the case ? (Il ear, lear.) In several parts of the country the prevailing distress was rapidly extending. (Hear, hear.) The farmers ware so poor that they could not give the labourers jmployment. (Hear.) The first thing they were now told was that the landlords must reduce their rents, and that a better system of cultivation most be adopted. No peftoa could deny that in this part pf the country renta -were saiffciently low. It was very yell for Sir Robert ?eel and other extensive landed proprietors, who, in addition, had other resources besides the land, to talk in his style. With mpect to the recommendation of high farming-ilt was preposterous. How could the farmer, when ground to the dust by free-trade pnees afford to lay oqt money on this much-vaunted system pf better cultivation, if they had no money to lay out ? What prospect bad they of a return ? (Hear, hear, and pfceera.) The advocates of free-trade frequently di- Yeoted their attention to America as the summum bonum of Rood, and as a kind of Utopia, in confirmation of their views. Vfhat does t'nat country do? Mr. Mere- dich, the zealous and active secretary to the Congress, declares the system of protection to be the order of the day. (Hear, hear ) And that was the system of policy adopted by that country. He would not take up their time by any further observations, as he was about pro- ceeding to London to attend to his parliamentary duties. The speech from the Throne would soon ap- pear, and if the ministry would do so barefaced an act as put words in her Majesty's mouth representing the country to be in a state of prosperity, he would under- take to say that a proper amendment to the address would be proposed, and he, for one, would give it his most cordial support. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) Colonel Turbeville seconded the resolution, which the Chairman then submitted to the meeting and de- clared to have been unanimously carried, (Cheers.) Crawshay Bailey, J2?q., moved the second resolution, that no outlay of capital in agricultural improvements, as had been suggfstpd, wotild enable the British farmer, iu the absence of protection, to compete with the un- taxed productions of other countries. Mr. Bailey adduced var ous arguments to prove this, and somewhat boittly asserted that the free-trade loaf" (one of which he produced), was infinitely smaller than that produced under p-otection. He wound up by stating that if pre- I jfnt prices continue, "a great reduction in all'ac- tion must take place, and also in all salaries or incomes of public officials, beginning with tire Queen and tbe Govertiment"(a stattiii(,iit which would undoubtedly delight the veriest Radical Reformer in the King- dom). He was for a fixed duty of 8s. on corn, a duty pf £ 1 per he-ul on everv 3 year old beast imported, and 10s. for every 2 year old. If foreigners traded with this country let them pay for it. The Rev. Robert Knight in seconding the resolution quoted largely from Professor Alison's talcnIed article  in ?/ac?MO?'? 3/M?::?ie in favour of Protection. [If we are to take a contemporary's report of the Rev. gentleman's speech as correct, he is asserted to have made use of language in one part of his address very ill-becoming a clergyman or gentleman in presence of the aristocracy of a largp and important County.] He stigmatised Lord Lyttleton's offer to his tenants as the most roguish proposal that ever, emanated from man's brain." Richard Franklen, Esq., addressed the meeting as his Brother Sufferers," and adduced the usual Pro- tectionist arguments. Mr. Evan David followed, and paved the way for the speech of the day, being that delivered by T. W. Booker, Esq., who observed that after three years trial the system of free-trade had proved a most signal failure. What had been the effect of their policy ? It had contributed to the entire prostration of the agricultural interests. In other branches the result had been low profits (if any), with grinding wages to the workman. Let them look at the iron trade, in which he was engaged. In 1846 the price of iron was £ 10 a ton. Last month it was E4 10s while wages had been reduced fully forty-three per cent. since 1846. The same result was apparent in all branches of industry at Liverpool, Manchester, Glasgow, &c. The local burthens were'daily increasing. The landlord, if he ob- tained any rent at all, got it from the former savings of an industrious tenantry. There was no demand for labour, and what had been the effect on the poor-rates ? In 1846 the poor-rates amounted to seven millions. After the passing of the New Poor Law, they were speedily reduced to four million; but in 1848 they mounted to seven million, eight hundred thousand, and w hen the returns for last year will have been made, it will be sen that the'poor rates have exceeded eight millions. (Hear, hear.) i Mr. Commissioner Symons had stated that every ninth man was a pauper. Were these things to be continued ? Their rivals were meet- ing them in every direction. Mr: Booker then alluded to the efforts made by the American Government to push their trade into all markets, and procure the best information with reference to prices, &c., throughout the world. Tooke had said that corn ranged between 60s. and 30s. The average was therefore 45s. the pivot around which price would encircle. Taking this calcu- lation as a criterion, Mr. B. concluded that under the free-trade system the average for the next ten years could not exceed 42s. a quarter. If foreigners could pay a duty of 20s. under the sliding scalehen corn was at 57s., what would they not do under the present nominal duty of Is. ? If the foreigner successfully com- peted with the British farmer at that period, how could the latter withstand present prices ? A short time since he was at the docks in Liverpool, where he saw a cargo unshipped of as fine bullocks as they could find in the vale of Glamorgan. On inquiry, he found they had been imported from Corunna, in Spain, where they were so plentiful, that they could be shipped at lid per lb., and for an additional Id. could be lauded in England. (Hear, hear.) In a warehouse in Liverpool he observed a large assortment of magnificent edged instruments, which had been imported, and not manu- factured in the neighbouring towns of Sheffield or Bir- mingham. Foreign productions were admitted to this country duty free," but he could not introduce his iron in the American markets, without paying a duty of 30 per cent. (Hear, hear.) What would be the effect of a duty of 12s. on foreign corn, for he would not be satisfied with 8s. ? It would enable the farmer to make a great outlay, and enable him (Mr. B ) to sell his iron at a good rate, and not at the grinding price of JE4 10s. And why was the present system maintained ? To satisfy the clamour of a few Manchester manufacturers —those that said that England and Wales had no busi- ness to grow corn, but they ought to be made the work- shops of the world. What had been the effect of this ? The capital of agriculture amounted to five hundred million. Their foreign trade amounted to no more than 60 millions, the rest having been home consump- tion. Did not that prove that they had been seeking the shadow and losing the substance ? Could they lose a trade of 800 millions for that of 60 millions, to satisfy the clamour of a few noisy calico printers ? The cotton trade amounted to 67 millions, out of which 27 millions were for foreign trade, 38 millions' worth being consumed at home. (Hear, hear ) The iron trade produced 57 milions, out of which six or seven millions only were exported, 50 millions or nine-tenths being consumed at home Mr. Booker oommented at some length on these statements, amidst reiterated applause, and then proceeded to read some eloquent abstracts from Sir R. Peel's former speeches against free-trade. He concluded amidst much applause, by reading the petition to Parliament, to be presented to the Lords by the Duke of Beaufort, and that to the Commons by Mr. Talbot, M.P. and Lord Lieutenant. Mr. Nicholl Carne briefly seconded the adoption of the petition, which was unanimously carried. A vote of thanks to the sheriff having been carried by acclamation, and briefly acknowledged by that gentle- man, the proceedings were concluded about 4 o'clock in the afternoon. DEFEAT OF THE PROTECTIONISTS IN YORKSHIRE.- A protectionist meeting was held at Stockesley, York- shire, on Saturday. There was a very small muster of protectionists at 12 o'clock, and the meeting was ad- journed till half-past two. At that hour business commenced. There was some difficulty in finding a chairman, but at length Mr. John Richardson, of Lang- borough, undertook the duties. The first resolution having been moved and seconded, an amendment was proposed to the effect that free-trade had so far an- swered their expectations, that they earnestly prayed that no alteration be made in the laws affecting the importation of grain. The amendment having been seconded, the two propositions were put to the vote, when there was a very considerable majority in favour of the amendment A resolution was then moved and seconded, for a petition to be presented to her Majesty, praying that she would dissolve parliament, in order that the sense of the country might be taken as to the best means of preventing threatened ruin. An amend- ment was again proposed, praying her Majesty to dis- miss the ministry, and to call men into the cabinet who would carry to a greater extent the principles of free- trade and of financial reform. This amendment having been seconded and put to the vote, was also adopted, after which the meeting quietly dispersed. MEETING AT BRIGHTON.—A meeting of the Sussex Society for the Protection of Agriculture was held on Saturday. The Duke of Richmond presided, and ad- dressed the meeting at some length. DEFEAT OF THE PROTECTIONISTS AT BEDFORD.— On Saturday a county meeting, convened by the High Sheriff, in pursuance of a requisition, was held at the Shire-hall, Bedford, to take into consideration the pre- sent distressed state of the agricultural and other in- terests, and to adopt measures for securing protection against foreign competion. The chair was taken by the High Sheriff, and in a few minutes the hall, which is capable of holding between six hundred and seven hun- people, was crammed to inconvenience, the agriculturists and artificers being apparently pretty equally balanced, the preponderance, if any, being in favour of the former. The chairman's opening observations were listened to with attention but the speakers in support of the reso- lutions-of whom only three attempted to address the meeting, encountered such persevering interruption that the High Sheriff declared the meeting dissolved. Although the proceedings were most disorderly through- out, no violence was resorted to by either party. A great Protectionist meeting took place on Friday at Lincoln, at which an address to the Queen & a petition to both houses of Parliament in favour of the depressed agricultural interest" was agreed to. There was also a meeting at Hertford, where a resolution in favour of protection was carried.

MR. Goitnkx's APPEAL.—The Rev. Mr. Sewell, in I his sermon at the Royal Chapel at Whitehall, on Sunday announced that no judgment by any human authority could decide the question in Mr. Gorham's case, and that it could only be settled by a divinely appointed ecolesiastical authority.— R"ecord. AN ACCIPENTALSLRGICAL OPLIRATION.-As Charles Moseley Esq., vice-chairman of the Ely Union, was driving through Littleport on Wednesday last, his horse fell, which threw him out of his gig, and dislocated his shoulder; for some time he remained in great agony. Dr. Muriel was sent for, but fortunately his skill was not required, as in taking off Mr. Mosley's coat the joint, was accidentally put right by the arm bone being turned into the socket of the shoulder bone, Mr. Moseley providentially escaping any serious injury. DREADFUL ACCIUBNT AT WITHAM.-We regret to state that on Friday afternoon an accident of a very serious nature occurred to the wife of the Rev. C. B. Leigh, of Wiekham-place, rector of Goldhanger, in this County, and sister to Sir John Tyrell, Bart., M.P. It appears that Mrs. Leigh, accompanied by her son, was walking in the Maldon road, which leads into Witham, and when near the top of the road met a cow with its calf at the corner leading from Newland or High-street. Upon seeing them, a little dog, which Mrs. Leigh had with her, barked at the calf, and the cow, irritated thereby, immediately ran at the dog, which fled to its mistress for protection, and before it could be prevented, the cow had struck Mrs Leigh in the back, driving her with considerable violence against the brickwork of part of the Angel Inn. Assistance was at once procured, and the unfortunate lady was removed to the White Hart Inn, in Witham, where every attention that me- dical skill could suggest was paid her by Mr. Thomas Tomkin, surgeon, and as soon as Mrs. Leigh was suffi- ciently recovered, she was removed to her residence at Wickham. Her face was severely bruised, but it was at first supposed that the injuries inflicted were not of a very serious nature it was, hoivever, subsequently as- certained that the blow had affected the spine, about the shoulders immediate paralysis occurred, and serious apprehensions are entertained of a fatal issue. Mr. W Ferguson, the eminent surgeon, from London, visited heron the following day, and has been with Mr. Tomkin in frequent attendance since the lamentable occurrence but we are grieved at not being now able to give a more favourable account of the patient. In answer to inquiries made of Mr. Tomkin yesterday(Thursday), we learned that the symptoms were very nearly the same. There was then no return of either sensation or motion in any part of the body below the part injured.—Chelmsford Chronicle. DEATH OF SIR FeLIx BOOTH, BART.-An inquest was held at Brighton, at 12 o'clock on Saturday, to ih- quire into the death of Sir Felix Booth. It appeared that the deceased had arrived at the York Hotel, Brighton, on Thursday afternoon. He went to bed in his usual health, at half past ten o'clock. About 3 o'clock in the morniig he was attacked with a fit of coughing, which disturbed Mr. Laurence, a friend of the deceased, who slept in an adjoining room Mr. Laurence immediately went to the bedside of the de- ceased, who died in about three minutes. Mr. Gavin Pocock, surgeon, gave evidence as to his being the usual medical attendant of the deceased, and expressed his opinion that Sir Felix had died from disease of the heart. The jury returned a verdict accordingly. Sir Felix was a wealthy distiller, and served the office of Sheriff of London in 1828-1829 he was also distin- guished for his munificence, having presented Sir James Ross with E20,000 to enable him to fit out his Polar expedition. In 1844 he was created a baronet, with special remainder, in default of male issue, to his brother, Mr. William Booth, of Roydon-lodge, Essex. The deceased baronet is succeeded by his Nephew, John William Booth, born in 1805. THE BROUGHAM LECTURE.—In Thursday's Times, its Parisian correspondent describes the appearance of Lord Brougham at the Academy of Sciences, where he delivered a lecture on light. That which specially struck the writer, was the facility and fluency of Lord Brougham in expressing himself in good French on an intricate scientific subject. It was not always so with Lord Brougham. But a few years ago, even after lie had passed the woolsack, mere lawyers sneered at his ig- norance of the technicalities of law, mere agriculturists detected that he was but an indifferent judge of stock, scarcely knew an oak from a birch, and might be puzzled between wheat and barley and while even scientific men thought that they could see errors in his cyclopedia of facts, mere wits and wags, and scholars, and literary men, found blunders in his Greek, and laughed out- right over his efforts in French-" mon pipe et ma tabac." However, since be bought his estate at Cannes, and has been able to spend his aiitumns in the south of France, he has improved his science and his French and now, in the seventy-ifrst year of his age, he is able to talk for an hour and a, half, on a delicate scientific subject, in a French phraseology so pure and fluent that it seems he wholly escaped from Chaucer's French of Stratfordatte-Bow," and only occasional enunciation indicated that he was English and island bred. Fifteen years ago, Lord Brougham published his "Discourse of Natural Theology," which appeared simultaneously in London and Paris, but the French translation was an- nounced as Traduit de l'Anglais, sous les yeux de I' Aut-eur." The English style of Lord Brougham may be compared to the evolutions of a boa constrictor. He starts with a sentence, as the serpent fastens his tail round the stump or branch of a tree, and then jerks hither and thither, interweaving parenthesis and ar- I gument, ejaculation an d speculation, though, like the serpent, winding up a long paragraph with tne neaa or conclusion fastened in the vital part. Such a style, used on a scientific subject, must be difficult of trans- lation into French in terms that shall be at once elegant and precise and therefore it is all the more to the credit of Lord Brougham, that in his old age he has been able to conquer his English habits of thought and phraseo- logy, so as to translate himself into French, and speak on an intricate scientific subject with as much fluency and ease as in his native tongue. You may recollect that the late Mr. O'Connell, though he was educated in France, declined to make a legal speech in French, on the ground that from want of facility in expressing him- self, all his natural eloquence would evaporate. -Alan- chester Guardian. SINGULAR OCCURRENCE BEFORE A CORONER.—An extraordinary and perhaps unprecedented circumstance occurred at the village of Whitechurch, in Bucks, a fewdavs since. An inauest was held before J, Parrott. Esq., one of the coroners for the county, on the body of a femate infant, of which the mother, Sarah Evans, the wife of a labourer, had been recently confined, and which, it was supposed, had died shortly after its birth. After the surgeon, Mr. Spencer, and the mother's nurse had been examined, the jury returned a verdict to the effect that the child had died from natural causes. The jury had not been long dismissed when it was discovered that they might have been saved all inquiry on the sub- ject as the infant far more fitting to be introduced to its anxious mother, for nourishment, than to the under- taker to become itself food for worms." The child is alive, in good health, and likely to live longer than many of the jury who returned a verdict that it had died from natural causes. -Berkshire Chronicle.* EXPLOSION OF SIXTY BARRELS OF GUNPOWDER.— Letters received late on Saturday, from Newport, Mon- mouthshire, give the particulars of a remarkable and alarming accident which had occurred on the previous day on a branch line connected with the Monmouth- shire and Newport Railway. The branch line, it ap- pears, is the property of the Ebbw Iron Company's works. Between three and four o'clock in the after- noon, a man in the employ of the last mentioned com- pany was engaged in shunting a small train of two trucks, heavily laden with iron, into the main line of the branch, and being unable to move them by manual labour, he requested an engine driver to remove them forward a little tfcitb a locomotive. The engine-driver did so, but unfortunatcljLtoa great aniiapetns was jtiven l?u -mpebw ywas,,Vj un to the train, and the break not acting, on its reaching a deep decline it started rapidly down, and gaining speed as it progressed, very great apprehensions were raised as to what might follow, should anything be on the other end of the line, which iu the result really hap- pened. A man named Williams, of Tydes, was jogging along the tram way with a horse and covered van, con- taining sixty barrels of gunpowder. He had reached Llanbelleth, when he was startled at seeing the approach of the descending train thundering along at a frightful speed. With great presence of mind he freed the horse, and jumping on it, gallopped away across the fields. His escape was most extraordinary, as he had only left the train a few seconds when the train struck the van with tremendous force, smashing it to atoms, and scat- tering the powder barrels in every direction, The collision caused some sparks of fire, which falling amongst the matting covering the shattered casks, quickly set them in a blaze, and instantly an explosion of an awful character occurred, tearing up the perma- nent way, and shaking the country for several miles round in fact, the shock was so great that the inha- bitants round supposed it to be an earthquake. The train of carriages continued its course along the line some miles further, but without other damage being done. Fortunately no habitation was near the line, or the loss of life might have been most serious. BOAT UPSET AND FOUR PERSONS DROWNED.—On Saturday a fatal accident occurred at the mouth of the Devenport Harbour, by which four persons lost their lives. The cutter of her Majesty's steam ship Strom- boli, Captain.Lord. A. Beauclerk, was proceeding from the vessel in Plymouth Sound to the harbour end when, at about ten minutes' past two o'clock, she was coming in under a press of canvass, between St. Nicholas Island and the main, the weather being rather boisterous, with a strong north-esasterly wind, a large quantity of water was shipped at the lee bow, and the cuttes im- mediately sunk. The crew, consisting of thirteen per- sons, were all immersed. The doctor and two other officers were among the number. Four persons were drowned, viz., a midshipman and three sailors. The accident was seen from several quarters, and boats sent from H.M.'s revenue cutter, and a small boat with Colour-Sergeant Wynne, of the 82nd Regiment, one man, and a boy, and a garrison boat manned with sol- diers of the 82nd Regiment from St. Nicholas Island. Through the prompt and united efforts of these parties ten persons were rescued from their perilous position, but the midshipman and three of the cutter's crew were not recovered. SHOCKING ACCIDEMT.-NoTTINGHAM, MONDAY.— Yesterday afternoon, about half-past 1 o'clock, a fire broke out on the premises of a Mr. Graham, Harrington- street. It appears that shortly before the time stated above, Mrs. Graham had sent three of her youngest children ap-stairs to play in the top room, that she might be better enabled to clean the lower apartment. They had, however, not been there long ere the neigh- bourhood was alarmed by the most appalling screams, and immense bodies of flame and smoke were seen to issue from the windows of the top story. The wretched mother, fetng aware of the situation of her children-, shrieked for help, and a policeman, more courageous than the rest of the crowd, rushed up-stairs, and, not- withstanding that the upper part of the house was in flames, succeeded in rescuing the wretched sufferers from the burning room this, however, he did not effect without considerable injury to himself. The poor chil- dren were frightfully burnt, but still alive, although there did not appear any hope of their long remaining so. The town fire-engines were immediately sent for, and by the praiseworthy and untiring exertions of the crowd assembled, the fire was ultimately extinguished, after having destroyed only the upper story. The chil- dren were afterwards conveyed to the General Hospital, where they still remain. GRAVITY AND CIVILITY.—Just before the rising of the Court of Queen's Bench, Dublin, on Thursday even- ing, a tall solemn-looking gentleman, said to be a mem- ber of the legal profession, got on his legs, and after a preparatory hem," put the following question to the Chief-Justice (Blackburne): My lord I have been deputed by some of the most respectable of the citizens of Dublin to inquire from your lordship what time the court will deliver judgment in the case of' Watichob v. Reynolds ?' With a gravity of countenance four times as imperturbable as that of the questioner, the Chief- Justice replied as follows:—" Have the kindness to in- form the respectable citizens who have sent you here, that you have put the question to the court, and that the court gave you no reply." THE TEETH.—A very curious invention connected with Deiitat Surgery has been introduced by Mr. How- ARD, of 17, George-etreet, Hanover-square, it is the introduction of an entirely New Description of Artificial Teeth. fixed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble natural teeth, as not to be dis- tinguished from the originals by the closest observer. They will never change colour or dewy, and will be found very superior to saitoeh ever before used. This method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful operation, and will support and preserve the teeth that are loose, and is guaranteed to restore articulation and mastication. The invention deserves the notice of the scientific, and is of importance to many persons, and those who are interested irt it, cannot do better than avail themselves of Mr. Howard's skill as a Dentist. LIBERAL LANDLOROS. Unde this head, our Kid- welly correspondent made an error last week; the de- ductions made should have. been stated 10 and not 15 per cent. We cannot insert or notice in any way, any commu- nication that is sent to us anonymously but those who choose to address us in confidence will find their con. fidence respected. Neither can we undertake to return any manuscripts whatever.

The tactics intended by great men in great crises are generally reflected by their representatives-at least, of such crises as are anticipated, and whose occurrence may be calculated upon. So it is at present. Already a troublesome warfare is expected, and many difficulties are being prepared for. Regarding parties and partizans, as we do, in an fm-partial manner, and without awarding our favourit- ism to any, we must refrain from pronouncing any opinion upon the conduct of the men who now deeply agitate the kingdom, and who, if they do not succeed in their attempts at re-action, are- determined not to rest until they have revolutionized the position of affairs. It is well, however, that we be not misunderstood in our silence. We do not acquiesce in many of the state- ments that are now extensively circulated. We do not believe that the ministers have other than the welfare of the country at heart. We cannot be convinced that the Whigs would be averse to any change which can be proved to be necessary. We see no clear evidence proving that the lower classes of England are now in so bad a condition as they were before the finahcial changes of 1846. .fact that the manufacturing powers of the country are now fully engaged-that our exports have been for a long time increasing, and have now reached a height which they never before approached. But though we guard against the possibility of being mis-construed in regard to our opinion of the general condition of the country, we do not mean to say that even our prosperity has not been to a certain extent an injury to particular classes. The farmer is undoubtedly suffering depression, and there aeems little chance that his condition will amend, until relief, either legislational or otherwise, be afforded him. But what do these conflicting facts prove ? Perhaps that we were a little too hasty, and did not sufficiently estimate the value and position of the farmers, when the Corn Laws were abolished. More probably that the lessening of certain local burdens are necessary to their future welfare. And positively that change of some description is necessary-but whether that change shall consist merely of a reduction of rents, of a return to the law of 1815, or of the institution of some new sys- tem, the country and the legislature alone can decide. But indeed, it is not yet proved to us that so violent and antagonistic a remedy as the landlord interest threaten to impose is the best. We can hardly hope to cure an evil, the offspring of rashness, by appliances that would be equally head-strong. At present the struggle is a very interesting one, and it must become even more so. What will be the conduct of the mi- nistry may be judged by the fact that the Hon. C. P. Villiers and Sir James Duke have been chosen as movers and seconders of the address. Theirs will be frank resistance to the policy of the leading members of the Conservative party, and we may say of the aris- tocracy. The Whigs bar-- determined to reply to the demands of the Protectionists, No surrender." And the ministry is backed out of doors by such a moral force as must render them triumphant. We fuar our friends of the agitating party have not duly reflected upon the chances of a disastrous result to themselves if they persevere in their resolve to produce hasty and unmatured measures. A defeat of the Protectionists ♦ would produce their utter annihilation. If a ministry like the Whigs, who are eminently conservative, be forced to the combat* they must, to save themselves ancTtheir cause, introduce a great portion of the demo- cratic element now smouldering, and only awaiting a signal to become a devastating scourge like that which has swept over France and the continent with such terrible fatality. We hope, therefore, that those who are entrusted with the care of the Protectionist cause will be as moderate and cautious as they have hitherto been. To press now will be to produce revolution-and by a revolution, they, of all our fellow-subjects would be the greatest losers. The country is governed by a party which to oppose and to weaken is to endanger- and as drowning men catch at straws so they would be compelled to catch at the first support offered. They express a desire that this may not be the case, and they promise if time be given and patience be exercised, that justice shall be done to all. The position is curious and conflicting, bat not dan- gerous, unless wilfully made so. The people have re- ceived from abroad 12,000,000 quarters of grain during the past year, and they have managed to earn wages that have enabled them to buy up and consume this enormous influx—-doubtleas to the injury of the farmer. But does not the agriculturist see, that to trifle with such a state of prosperity is Worse than playing with edged-tools.

LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. I CARMARTHENSHIRE. I 23RD FOOT.-Lieut. Grismohd Philipps to be Captain by purchase, vice P. L. Phillips, who retires Second Lieut. George Henry Hughes to be First Lieut. by pur- chase vice Philipps. Lady Lucy Foley, with her customary considerate kindness, has forwarded F.3 for distribution amongst the Debtors confined in the County Gaol. On Saturday night last a fire occurred at the house of William Williams, Waundew, in a room occupied by David Davies, labourer. There was no doubt the accident was occasioned by some linen taking fire, which had been hung on a cord over the fire-place, and ignited the bed clothes, which were partially consumed. More serious consequences might have ensued, but a person passing perceived the flames and gave an alarm. CARMARTHENSHIRE STEEPLE CHASES.—The Entries for the Open Steeple "Chase, at the forthcoming assem- blage of the votaries of Nimrod, closed on Saturday evening, when the namea of the following horses were placed on the books by their respective owners or nomi- nees Pilgarlie," The Skipper, Esmeralda," Pelias," Squire Ugly," Hazard," Careless," Dandelion," 11 Toll Bar," Falcon," "Master Wil- liam," aud Hindoo." Of these no less than 8 are horses whose' poWBrs have ftftfeerw bereh confined from public knowledge, and it is therefore reasonable to sup- pose that speculation will be rife as to the event, and that there is every anticipation that capital sport will be ensured. The Handicapping" will, of course, affect the probabilities of success in every case, but from the known good qualities of some of the animals, and the expectation of some rwag victor yet unknown to fame;" there can be no doubt that much interest will be elicited by the approaching equipedal performances. elicited by the approacbinl, beral subscription list, nu- With excellent Stewards, a tiberal subscription list, nu- merous entries of horses, 41 jocks" of the most approved stamp, company prepared for enjoyment, and plenty of opportunities tot them to participate in pleasures and festivities, what Hunt Week can be other than eminent. ly successful, and proportionately delightful to admirers of the sport ? COMMITMENTS TO CARMARTHEN COUNTY GAOL.— On Saturday last, Daniel Davies was committed for trial at the Sessions, by Wm. Chambers, Esq., charged with stealing a brass pan, the property of William Morris, of the value of 10s. He was also further committed by C. W. Nevill, Eoq., for stealing, at Llanelly, a copper boiler of the value of 20s the property of Daniel Wat. keys. On Monday, William Wilson, a tramp, was eommitted for one month's hard labour by G. B. Jones, Esq., for bewiag at Llandilo-fawr. On Tuesday, Thos- Thomas ttfas committed to the House of Correction for three months by D. Prytherch and H. Lawrence, M.D., Esquires, for disobeying an order of affiliation. SHIPWRECES.—It is conjectured that during the last week there have been one or more shipwrecks in Car- marthen Bay, a pilot of the port of Llanelly cruising in the Bay on the night of the 25th Jan., having discovered en or near Cefn Sidan Sands, what appeared to be the hull of a large vessel, sunk in 6 fathoms water, the fignre-head only being above the surface. A letter from Milford, dated Jan. 23, states that the wreck of a large vessel, with painted yellow ports, was passed on the previous eveniu|f near the Worm's Head, and that some .beams, with paft of the deck attached, apparently of another vessel (fir-tailt j were seen. We also learn that portions of wreck have been washed ashore at Tenby, Laugharne, and Llanstcphan, so that there is but too much reason to feat that one or more direful catastro- phes have happened to the vessels, and that the ill-fated crews have in each instance met with a watery-srave.

CARMARTHEN COUNTY COURT. I The monthly court was held at the Town Hall, on Tuesday and Wednesday last, before John Johnes, Esq. There were twenty-nine plaints for trial after deducting a number which had been withdrawn. The court sat until 12 o'clock on the latter night, and being unable to dispose of the whole of the cases, adjourned until 11 o'clock this (Friday) morning. The cases which we subjoin appeared to possess considerable local interest. The others were chiefly suits for simple con- tract debts. Leieis v. Thomas.-Thia was an inierpleader aiiip- mons issued at the instance of the High Bailiff, calling upon Mr. Phillips, of St. Bride's Hill, Pembrokeshire, to show cause why he claimed certain goods alleged to have been levied upon under a fi. fa. issued in this cause. Mr. Fitzwilliams appeared for Mr. Phillips, and objected that under the facts of the case, the High Bailiff had mistaken his remedy, if he had any. But if His Honour should hold that this was a case within the purview of the 118th section, then he justified the taking and selling of the goods by Mr. Phillips, under a distress for rent, no officer of this court being ac- tually ia possession of them at the time he made his distress. This threw on Mr. Williams, who appeared for the plaintiff, and also for the High Bailiff, the necessity of shewing the proceedings under the judgment in the original action, when it appeared that the goods had been duly levied by the officer of this court, who left a man named Morris, in possession that the time for selling had been extended at defendant's request, the same man remaining in quasi possession of the property, but going away every night to sleep at his lodgings, a mile off, and also going there for all his meals, leaving no one in charge of the property. That one morning, whilst he had so gone to breakfast, the landlord's bailiff walked in and made his distress for rent, and in about an hour aftetwards, when Morris returned, he found the landlord's matt in possession, who would not let him have the goods again, although he tried hard to get them, and did succeed in abstracting some of them, which were taken back from him by the landlorid's man. That the landlord sold the goods, and got hiii rent. Mr. Fitzwilliams contended, (citing a number of cases) that an interpleader summons cbUhl only issue at the instance of a stakeholder, such as <iie High Bailiff in possession of goods or money; that here the High Bailiff was not in possession at the time of applying for the interpleader summons, but that Mr. Phillips had actually at the time sold the goods and got the money for them. That if Mr. Phillips was wrong, and could enter to distrain because of the queer kind of keeping possession which it appeared to be the practice of the subordinate officer of this court to indulge in and charge fees for, then he Mr. Phillips was a trespasser, and liable as such, but not a claimant within the meaning of the 118th section. That Mr. Phillips was perfectly right in his distress for rent, as his man had got in during the absence of the bailiff's man, who had neg- lected his duty and rendered his principal, the High Bailiff, answerable in damages to the judgment creditor for the whole amount of the debt and costs. Mr. Williams contended at very great length that the property was continually in the custody of the officer of this court, as he only went away for necessary refresh- ment, which the defendant Thomas would not let him have on the premises, and he shewed some slight irre- gularities in the manner of conducting the proceedings on the part of the landlord's agents, and also that the tenant had informed the landlord's solicitor of the levy under the Ji. fa. and that the bailiff was absent from the premises every day for several hours. His Honour took time to consider his judgment until the next court, the costs of the adjournment to be in the discretion of the court. Attorneys for Mr. Phillips, Messrs. Evans, Powell, and Co., of Haverfordwest; attorney for Lewis and the High Bailiff, Mr. Hugh Williams. Jenkins v. Lewis.-This was an action by a bailiff in this town against the Sheriff of the County of this Borough, for the balance of his fees for levying and keeping possession under three several writs of Ji. fa. issued out of the superior courts. Mr. Parry appeared for the defendant, and pleaded not indebted for pay- ment. It appeared from the plaintiff's evidence that he was entitled to jE3 3s. 6d., over and above the amount he had received, as by the judge's table of fees he was entitled to charge a guinea for each levy. He stated he had not received a sum of 12s. alleged to have been paid him by the under sheriff. The under sheriff, who produced the warrants for the plaintiff, on his cross- examination, stated that plaintiff had agreed to execute all levies at 5s. per case, and that he had himself paid the 12s. in dispute, so that plaintiff had been paid all that was due to him. He had dismissed him for quitting his post in the third case. On his re-examination by Mr. Fitzwilliams for the plaintiff, he admitted that in the two first cases, he had charged and baefi actually paid one guinea each, and 5s. a day for posseanon, although he had only paid the plaintiff, who did the work, after the rate of 5s. for the levy, and 3s, 6d. per day, and he had made a similar charge in the third case, although he had not yet been paid. He did not know that the plaintiff had put a man in possession when he left his poet to come to him for money at the time he dismissed him, whicb it afterwords appeared plaintiff had done. Mr. Parry, for defendant, made some strong obser- vations on plaintiff's conduct in bringing a claim when nothing was due, and that plaintiff had neglected his duty in leaving his post. After he had called his witnesses, Mr. Fitirwilliams, in a very energetic speech, ani- madverted on the conduct of the Under-sheriff in charging the poor defendants so much larger a sum than he actually paid, and contended that such a contract as set up for defendant was void, as being contrary to public policy, and a legal fraud on the defendant, as well as a contempt of the court, out of which,the warrant issued, and that plaintiff had a right to his full allow- ance, not being estopped from it by the void contract. That his quitting his post was perfectly legal, as he had left a competent deputy in his place, because the prin- ciple of law in a ministerial office (as in keeping pos- session) was qui facit per alium fticit per se. If the summons in this case had contained a count for money had and received, there could not be a doubt plaintiff was entitled to have judgment for the sums actually received by the Under-sheriff; but as it stood he trusted plaintiff would have his Honour's judgment for the amount of his claim. His Honour, after summing up. the case in a very lucid way, stated that he thought the evidence for defendant established the contract for the smaller sum, and that he must hold it to be valid, as against the plaintiff, and that the 12s. had been paid to him by the Under-sheriff. The consequence was that plaintiff was entitled to E2 10s., and had received that amount, therefore the judgment must be for defendant. John Lewis, alias John Swllt, preferred a charge of assault against Richard Rees, landlord of the Three Salmons, Water Street. The dispute arose over a bagatelle board, and progressed to a regular bacchanalian row, and terminated by complainant receiving a cut on his head, from which the blood flowed copiously. De- fendant was fined E5 and costs.

CARMARTHEN POLICE.—On Friday last, before E. H. Stacey, H. Lawrence, M. D., W. Morris, Esqrs., and Capt. Philipps, R. N.—Anne Davies, a servant, com- plained that her mistress, Ellen Row, of Cwmdu-Row, refused to give up her clothes, complainant having left her service through the alleged ill-treatment received from defendant and her daughter. Defendant did not appear, and the Bench believing the statement of the plaintiff, ordered that her clothes be restored and the hiring cancelled. Martha Edwards was summoned by the police for hawking fish in violation of the Market Laws. It appearing that the lessee of the markets had received the toll and given defendant a ticket to that effect, she was discharged with a caution. The lessee appeared shortly afterwards in court in obedience to a message from their Worships, and was informed that the act did not permit him to give license to parties to sell out of the precincts of the market. The lessee thanked the Bench for the information, and said he should not again violate the rules of which he was pre- viously ignorant. John Daniel, was charged with furious driving near the Royal Oak "Gate. The case was stated by William Morris, Esq., one of the magis- trates on the bench. It appeared that Mr. Morris was on Thursday, about four o'clock p.m., passing along the turnpike road, when he saw a cart coming down the hill beyond Pontgarreg, the horse galloping at a furious rate, crossing the road from aide to side, so that had a carriage met, it would have been impossible to have pass- ed with safety. At considerable risk, with the aid ot his stick, Mr. M. stopped the horse, when he found the man either kneeling or tying in the cart. On his return be met a gentleman who informed him that the driver had started the horse again at a gallop, and that he had been compelled to get in the ditch to avoid being run over. Mr. M. did not press for a severe punishment as the man was civil, but as he had started off again after being cautioned he brought the subject forward to prevent a repetition of the danger to the public, by such wanton conduct. Fined 10s., and 7s. 6d. costs. ABERGWILLY COMMON EtlCLOIIURB. On Friday last, at the house of Mr. Richard Lewis, Wheaten Sheaf, in the village of Abergwilly, a meeting was held by Mr. Aneurin Owen, Assistant Inclosure Commis- sioner, for the purpose of hearing objections to the enclosure of the common. There were present :-V lentine Davis, Esq., W. O. Price, Esq., T. C. Morris, Esq., Rev. E. Pugh, John Harvey, Williams, of Bwlch, W. Lloyd, of Penybank-isaf, Esqrs., and MF. P. Lewis, Land Surveyor. The latter had prepared a very neat plan shewing the encroachments, and the enclosures granted by the Court Leet, before and after the expira- tion of 20 years. The map elicited great approval from all present. After the opening of the meeting the commissioner and gentlemen proceeded over the com- mon, for the purposes of selecting a convenient piece of the common for the use of the villagers for clay and wa- ter, and a part on the eminence for their recreation com- manding a view of the beauties of the vale of Towy and the town of Carmarthen. On returning to the meeting, the room was crowded to excess by the villa- gers, who strongly objected to the enclosure, as it would be a great deprivation to them in rearing pigs, poultry; &c.; but having been assured that 4 acres should be allotted. to them for clay and water, and 1 for a play- ground for their children, the landed proprietors inte- rested, unanimously agreed upon enclosing the com- mon; The meeting separated after 4 hours' sittiug. The Lord Bishop of St. David's has been pleased to appoint the Rev. D. A. William Rural Dean of the Deanery of Upper Carmarthen, Mocthe Rev. D. T. Tho- mas, who has resigned. His Lordship has also been pleased to appoint the Rev. J. W.Pu%Zh, Vicar of Llan- dilo, Rural Dean of the Deanery of Liandilo, vacant by the resignation of the Rev. D. A. Williams. The Vicar of St. Ishmael, taking into consideration the inclemency of the weather, convened a meeting of his parishioners, which was most readily responded to, and a sum of JE9 17s. 6d. was subscribed towards the temporary relief of the poor of the Parish. The Earl of Fortescue and Viscount Ebrington, are at present visiting Sir James Hamlyp Williams, Bart., at Edwinsford, in this county. In the Vice Chancellor's court, on Friday, an order was obtained for the dissolution and wind-up of the affairs of the Great Welsh Junction Railway Company. LLANELLY MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.—At the last meeting of the members of this excellent Institution a most interesting Lecture upon "The Period of Youth" was delivered by the Rev. D. Rees to a very numerous and highly delighted auditory. LLANELLY.—A Tea Meeting was held by the mem- bers of the Llanelly Temperance Society at their rooms in Park-street, on Friday last, for the purpose of re- ceiving the formal farewell of Mr. Richard Guest, who has for the last seven or eight years laboured unceasing- ly as a Temperance advocate in that town. The pro- ceedings were of the most interesting description; a silver medal being presented to Mr. Guest on behalf of the assembled company, by J. T. Luchcraft, Esq., R.N. Mr. Guest then addressed the meeting in eloquent terms, thanking them for their testimony to the effici- ency of his services now that he is on the eve of his de- parture from Wales. Singing and recitations enlivened the proceedings, which were altpgether of the most satisfactory character.

""r" PEMBROKESHIRE. John Evans, Esq., M.P., for Ha^rfordwest, has re- mitted to the Treasurer of the funds for the the tem- porary relief and employment of the, poor of the town, the liberal sum of JE20 towards that object. At the recent rent audits of,, John Henry Philipps, Esq., of Williamaton, and John (gplby* Esq., of Fynone, those gentlemen allowed to the^.tena^ts 10 per cept. on their half year's rent. We understand that Earl Cawdor has prepared a bill, which is intended to be brought into the present Sessions of Parliament, for the better management and control of the highways in South Wales. We are informed that the system proposed is similar to that pursued by the County Roads Board, each county "to be divided into districts, and a local board to be appointed for each dis- trict. Such a measure is louoty called for, and we believe will prove advantageous, at least in providing better roads, and probably at less expense than they cost under the present regime. HAVERFORDWEST LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC IN- STITUTION.—On Monday evening last, Mr. Okeden delivered his fifth lecture on Chemistry, to the members of this Institution, at their rooms in Victoria Place. Mr. Okeden principally confined himself in the present lecture to the description of the nature and properties of metals, and commenced by stating that all metals in the first place possessed lustre or polish secondly, were conductors of heat and electricity, and thirdly, were perfectly opaque, though some such as gold, would admit of the passage of light when beaten out into very thin leaf. Some possessed malliability and ductility some may be welded together as iron or platinum, all were solid at the usual temperature except Mercury, they differed much however in their physical properties, some being much denser than others. Gold and plati- num were 19 and 22 times heavier than an equal bulk of water, whilst Potassium and Sodium were lighter than an equal bulk of water of abouj. l-5th. The lecturer after noticing that all metals combined with Oxygen which formed Oxides of them, aid likewise, combined with Chlorine, Sulphur, and other elements in propor- tions, and mentioning the periods, of their discoveries, proceeded to treat of them separately, commencing with the Alkali metals, Potassium and Sodium, in the course of which the lecturer illustrated the inflammatory nature of Potassium when thrown upon water, and explained the cause after which several beautiful experiments were made, shewing the antagonistic effects of Alkalies upon acids, and vice versa. He next explained the uses of Caustic potash in Analysis, which gave precipitates with various metallic salts, which precipitates were oxides of those metals- He next treated of Nitrate and Chlorate of potash, and explained its uses in manufac- turing gunpowder, and by an. experiment with the latter convinced his audience of its detonating properties. Mr. Okeden then proceeded to notice Sodium, which he said was exactly similar to Potassium, in all its com- pounds, one of which Silicate of Soda forms an important constituent in the manufacture of glass. The next two metals Baryter and Strantium, the lecturer observed were of little use except as colouring matter in fireworks, the one producing a vivid green, and the other a beauti- ful red, a composition of which the latter forms a large ingredient was then burnt, and the lecturer observed that it was similar to that used in the principal theatres when his Satanic Majesty was on the eve of making his, appearance. The lecture then concluded, and Mr. Oke- den sat down amidst much apptanies.

_1. t J; fl "th- The usual Monthly County Court was held at the I Shirehall, in this town, on -Friday last, before John 1 Johnes, Esq., the Judge. I- RE JAMES NORR]. ) This insolvent, whose case was adjourned at the last court, was brought up for further examination. He was supported by Mr. Geo. Parry, and opposed by Mr. Wm. Rees (for Mr. Thomas Gwynne) on the behalf of the detaining creditors, Mr. Richard Evans, and Mary his wife. The insolvent's Balance Sheet commenced in May, 1842, his debts being £166 18s. The principal grounds of objection were that the insolvent had frau- dulently, with intent to diminish his estate, made away with or concealed some of his property; and that his Schedule and Balance Sheets were erroneous. He was examined at considerable length by Mr. Rees, On these several points who succeeding in showing upon the insolvents own evidence- that his Balance Sheets were fallacious. His Honour observed that he was determined that parties who sought the benefit of the Act in that Court, would give an intelligible and faithful account of their affairs so far as he had the power of ascertaining its accuracy. Mr. Parry applied for an adjournment of the hearing to the next court to amend the balance sheets. His Honour granted the application. The amendments to be fUe4 twelve clear days before the next court, and.no objections at the future hearing to be taken except to such amendments. RE PHILtlP GRIFFITH. ) I This insolvent appeared for his nrst examination under the Protection Act. Mr. Lloyd appeared to sup- port the petitioner, and Mr. Thomas Morgan opposed him.on behalf of Mr. WHtiam. Morris, a creditor. Mr. Morgan stated several objections, one of which was that the insolvent's affidavit verifying his petition was not in the form prescribed by the Act. It commenced in the first person instead of the third, Mr. Lloyd con- tended that it was a mere surplusage, which did not vitiate the affidavit. His Honour, however, said the form must be strictly complied with, and that he could not proceed with the case. Mr. Lloyd then withdrew the petition. I HE JOSEPHi!ttNON. I This insolvent a mariner, lately residing- at Lawrenny, applied for his discharge from Prison. His debts were of a small amount, and being ^ttppposed, his Honour ordered his discharge forthwith. Edmund Boughton and another v. William Thomas. This was a summons upon an unsatisfied judgment obtained in the County Court at Gloucester. The case was adjourned from the last cotton account of the de- fendant's inability to attend from. bodily indisposition. Mr. Parry appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Rees, for defendant. Mr. Rees produced "evidence of the defen- dant's continued inability to the summons of the court. His Honour said he i46hld,be, unwilling to pro- ceed with the case under sucb: toomstances, Mr. Parry asked for a further adjoumnMmt mitil next court, which tvas,4ccee4ed to. I wa;eo. y?o?a? Ð.11-'kl,fh't.iJe, 'his w also a summons upon ? ?M?t??} jad?ment, ad- journed from the last coUft?.? } ? Jo? I.?y4 appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr..E??? ? de??nt. Mr. Rees said the defendant u1 0 Fron iijol ,ArWation for non-payment of servants'  vW impossible for him to attend. Mr. LIo???iM???$<!Journment until next court, which was g)??. James Williams v. Peter iB.i Tkio ms an action to recover the sum of ?1 7s., 'no? p? ? ?he plaintiff for the nursing and maint<Bt? of ? i(ltirnate child; the case occupied ?e?f) t.ba?.time. His Honour gave judgment Kbr <h$ *Uti$? 1&t? g. time. claimed to be paid in a fortn;?ht.. Several plaints for 8imph MBHf)).? ?? ?ere dis- posed of.

I CARDIGANSHIRE. CARDIGAN LITERARY INSTITUTION. -On Tuesday evening last, a very improving Lecture on the subject of Agriculture and Agricultural Chemistry" was de- livered by Mr. James Jenkins, of Kilbronne The Lecture was very well attended by persons who appeared to take much interest in the subject. Mr. Jenkins in a very lucid manner introduced the Lecture by a few prefatory remarks, and explained that one of the objects of his consenting to deliver a Lecture was the desire to stimulate a spirit of enquiry and emulation amongst the farmers in the. neighbourhood in order teat an improved and more c efficient mode of farming might be adopted thougbout the county. The system of agriculture which was now pursued was most ineffi- cient and totally .inadequate to enable the Cardiganshire farmers to compete with their more enterprising and ex- perimentalising neighbours.. After briefly adverting to the propriety of establishing an Agricultural Associa- tion in the neighbourhood, he proceeded to detail the various descriptions of manure suitable to different kinds of soil, and by vari< us interesting analytical ex- periments explained how the relative qualities and powers of -the soil were ascertained. Mr. Jenkins inti- mated his intention to continue.t,he subject at no distant period, the present Lecture being more of an introduc- tory character. He was very loudly applauded at the conclusion of his Lecture, by a very numerous andrespec table audience.

HUNGARIAN SUFFERINGS. A numerous and respectable meeting was held at the Town-hall, Aberystwith, on Friday night, the 25th inst., in compliance with a requisition addressed to the Mayor, Wm. Williams, Esq., who presided on the I occasion. Though the requisition was only signed on the day of the meeting, so strong was the interest felt on the subject, that, the hall was filled and the adjoin- ing street was crowded with persons unable to gain admittance. The meeting did not break up until half past eleven o'clock, and the addresses of the different speakers were throughout listened to with the deepest attention and received with enthusiastic cheering. The Mayor, Wm. Williams, Esq., stated the object of the meeting, and read a letter from Capt. E. L. Pryse, of Gogerddan, apologizing for his non-attendance, but agreeing with the object of the meeting. He called on A. J Johnes, Esq., Judge of the Aberystwith and North West Wales County Courts, who in moving the first re- solution, said—Though suffering from ill health and the very severe judicial duties of this morning, I am happy to move this resolution because I think the atrocities- of the Austrian Government are the greatest that history records, I say so because men must be judged by the standard of the age in which they live, and though cruelties of the same nature have been perpetrated in- barbarous ages and by savage tribes, no other men have been found in this civilized age capable of the same foul deeds as those for which the present rulers of Austria are responsible to the Creator of all things. Let it be understood that I do not attach the guilt of these acts to the Austrian nation. For a time the pow- ers of government were in the hands of the very hum- blest classes in Austria, and with one or two exceptions-. (the result of popular excitement) they were not guilty of similar crimes They shewed themselves incapable of the deliberate and cold blooded murders which have been committed by their rulers. The same is true ofl the French people during the last revolution, life was- not taken away by them-except in open conflicts. Hence it is that I say emphatically that I hold the Austrian. Government (composed as it is of men high education, and in profession, men. qf laLirger vrliilatithropy.) to have been guilty of crimes unparalleled ia hi%toryt. because in the.age in which they live, the hamMewt and- poorest-, men in Austria and other European countries have shewn themselves incapable of the same crimes. Independently of their direct object, meetings such M< this are calculated to advance the highest interests of the British nation. We have just seen the close of two years, eventful in revolutions which have shaken the continent of Europe, while in this happy land we have. enjoyed tranquillity and peace. Why has this been so ? We cannot ascribe it to our army, because although our soldiers have often been victorious in the field of battle, our army is one of the smallest in Europe nor can I attribute it to our laws and constitution. The true- cause in my judgment to which we owe the blessings of domestic peace, is to be found in the spirit of humanity that animates the British people, a spirit that induces them to endure some imperfections in the laws under which they live, rather than introduce the horrors of civil war among the subjects of the same government. This spirit has been fostered in past generations by exertions on behalf Of their fellowmen, like those which form the object of this meeting, and meetings similar to the present are eminently calculated to maintain and elevate the character which the British people have hitherto possessed for humanity, courage, and philan- thropy. The claims on which I address you do not involve any political question, but a question of justice, for writers of the highest order and of the most opposite schools in politics, have agreed that the Austrian Go- vernment have been from the first the aggressors against the established laws and constitutions of Hun- gary. The speaker here read extracts from the Edin- burgh Review, Blackwood's Magazine, and the Globe in confirmation of this statement. This question is essentially one that involves the permanent interests of the British people. Can it be doubted that the designs of Russia upon Turkey, if nominally abandoned, will be resumed on the first favourable oppw*-nity ? Let meet- ings like this be generally held tbrowhout the country, and this unanimous expression of opinion will fortify the hands of our government, notwithstanding the com duct of a portion of the English press. On the subject of the press, I cannot refrain from expressing to you the peculiar detestation that I feel towards those who are capable of using for base purposes so noble an instru- ment. It was my duty, as you are aware, this morning to try in the Aberystwith County Court, a cause invol- ving the history of a periodical in the Welsh language, published at Aberystwith, and though its circulation was purely local, I felt a lively interest in the case as I do in all that relates to the press. Before I had attained the age of manhood, it fell to my own lot to take a part as a contributor to a similar publication, and though I need scarcely tell you that I cannot think my labours in those days were of much value to the- great public, yet I feel at the same time that those early efforts were of great use to myself as a discipline for the duties of after life. Hence it is that I never can view without a sentiment of sympathy and respect, the efforts of men however humble, who have made use of the- press with good intentions, and for virtuous objects liker e which guided the contributors, to the periodi* (toe C wmittwl formed the object of the tried before me this morning. Hence it is consider that a peculiar stigma attaches--a peculiar gUIlt, belongs to those however gifted they may be, who are bad enough to employ the same noble engine for the purpose of slander, and in the vile cause of injustice and oppression. Of all the gifts to Society 1 (through the medium of the ingenuity of man) the pro- vidence of God has conferred, there is none to be com- pared with the press—which by its magical influences, enables the humblest and poorest of men to participate in the thoughts, and imbibe the inspiration of the great- est of human minds, as perfectly as a mirror reflects- contiguous objects'; an invention which rapidly diffuses over the Globe, every contribution to knowledge, every discovery of science, and places in the hands of the hum- blest classes those scriptures which in former days they heard read only from the lips of their ministers. There can be no worse act on the part of the citizen of a free country, than an abuse of the powers of the press. And here let me express to you my opinion, that men who so act in a free country are much worse than those who live under despotism the unfortunate serf who is born to slavery, merits our compassion not our censure. But what are we to say of those who pervert the freedom of the press, a privilege purchased by the blood of our forefathers, to the purposes of the unprincipled despo- tisms of the continent. The Austrian Government and their advocates have possessed a great advantage in this country in the very enormity of the crimes, which have been committed against the Ifungarians-crimes so entirely foreign to the very thoughts of the English people, that the statements on the subject in the first instance were received in this country with incredulity. Yet it is a fact indisputably certain, that the war in Hungary is ascribable, not. to a rebellion on the part of the Hungarians, but to the Austrian Government itself having excited a civil war in that country. Englishmen or Welshmen can scarcely bring themselves to believe any government, professing the principles of Christianity to be capable of such an act. No one supposes it pos- sible that Sir Robert Peel, or Lord John Russell, or any J Enghsh Statesman could act thus, and I pass from the Statesman to the greatest warrior of our country Wbose 1 life has been spent amidst scents of conflict, the Lftf- trous Duke of Wellington. When the Catholic Eman- cipation Act was before the House of Lord. one of ebe reasons assigned in its favor by the celebrated individual alluded to, was the necessity of avertipg the risk of ► civil war in Ireland. This risk was treated by a noble Lord who spoke against the measure as pf less moment than had been attached to it, which elicited from the Duke of Wellington a reply to the following fffect;- The noble lordT ppsaks lightly of civil war, but fee hot not had my experience, and rather than see a civJt wsr in this kingdom. I would sacrifice my life a hundrt4 times." Lofd Grey, then the leader of the oppp$itiqs, a man whose ^ignioed-cbar«Qt«r commanded the respect of all parties observedthgt Strong as the observation* of the noble uke were, he gave him full credit for sin- cerity in what he had said. These are the sentiment* of a man vqkogl life 4#A beqf Ogesed in war, but who possesses the honor and humanity of his country. Let me now pau_to. a« •apknatianuQf .lU«.,eQAdu&.Qr Austrian Government towards the Hungarians. 1bf ■■ Hungarians have been represented as rebels, a chstf*' entirely untrue, for they never took up arms until thl' were compelled to do so in defenoe of I._elf own live! Hungary, though subject to tha Austrian Kmperor, U an entirely independent klngdem «hicl\ butVNn remote ages possessed a feet oolklotution and ivuieipal in- stitutions, almost identical .tÙ\ our owt- Wbe ratiat race in that kingdom art Vlkt Magyars; Conquering tribe, who in the middH settled in Ii" in the centre of the Sclavanian WlkM, who were ffc# ifeM inhabitants, and from whom the Ctaatiuit »r* (fettoend' ed. In the present day the Hungarian ao, iP conformity to the spirit of the times, passed with th* full consent of the government of Vienna, various lawo for the emancipation of their serfs, for the establishibOt., of toleration to the Protestants and other denonlint- tions. In a spirit of munificent generosity, they gave also large grants of land to the poor and large donations for the general education of the people. The immediate cause of the late war was, a law passed creating perfect toleration throughout Hungary, a law which was un- acceptable to a portion of the Croats, an ignorant Rfld bigotted race. The Hungarian diet, on applying to the government at Vienna for advice, were directed to enforce obedience to the law they had passed. Now at the very time when this advice was given, the Austria" Government with a treachery and atrocity unexamp" d in history, were instigating the Croats to revolt, an furnishing them with money and arms for the purpose, The arming of the Hungarians was necessitated by this brutal and perfidious attack on the part of their 101,3 subjects, who were in rebellion against them, and war, not at all directed in the first instance against to Austrian Government. By a portion of the P?*?* the Hungarian leaders have been represented as <?" gogues raised to power by revolutionary illileneøi Now what is the real truth ? K'?uth, the prwclpay statesman of Hungary, held that post long before  rupture with Austria, as legally and as regularly as  Robert Peel or Lord John Russell ever held the post in England, with this difference, that while Lord John Russell and Sir Robert Peel each represents C'ne party, Kossuth possessed nearly the entire voice 0 Hungarian nation in his favour, on account of h' and splendid abilities, and his equally disintere,ted PA tnotism. Though this man is asserted by P** ?ur