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BY THE WAY, 1 About Ndthing.* I I have just received a little volume from the pen of a distinguished Welsh Border writer •—none other, in fact, than the author of The Life of a Prig and many another book well known to my readers—which in- terests me much, because it is about Nothing. True, the title also says and other things," which, of course, covers infinity, but it is the first word which particularly appeals to me. As one whose fate it is, week by week, to endeavour to discover a subject worthy of treatment in this col- umn and often left with the Egyptian task of making bricks out of uncommonly little straw, I turn with absorbing interest to learn how a far cleverer pencil than mine accom- plishes the undertaking. I say pencil advisedly because, as the author explains in his brief preface, he offers a thousand apol- ogies for publishing a book, written with a lead pencil in bed, far from books of refer- ence,' by a very old invalid, solely for his own amusement." But I need hardly add that apologies from such a quarter are wholly unnecessary. The best of clever men, as someone has well put it, is that they can turn things they do for their own amusement into a very rich entertainment for others, and this effort of the author, on finding himself with nothing to write about at once to set to work to deal with that interesting topic is no exception to the rule. < tt Indeed, it only goes to show that when the poor essayist exclaims in despair to his sym- pathetic friends A column to fill and nothing to write about," he is very grossly exagger- ating his intellectual impoverishment. For out of "Nothing" what volumes might be made? Even the very phrase Nothing provides material for a dissertation in philos- ophy which carries many a man who prides himself on his knowledge of everything out of his depths in no time. Where is the wise- acre who has yet furnished us with a satis- factory and comprehensive definition, of Nothing?" Poets have written Odes On Nothing," like Rochester (quoted by our author): — "•Nothing! thou elder brother ev'n to shade, That hadst a being ere the world was made, And (well fixed) art alone of ending not afraid. Yet this of thee the wise may freely say, Thou from the virtuous nothing tak'st awav, And to be part with thee the wicked wisely pray"; but that really carries us little further. The schoolmen have argued about it, and as in most arguments, ended much where they began. The cynics have bidden us believe that to admire Nothing is almost the one and only thing which can make and keep a man happy," but does anybody ever believe what the cynics say? Indeed, to chase a de- finitibn of Nothing is as segue will o' the wisp, which carries us ever deeper and deeper into the intellectual bog, and we have to flounder back as best we may and try to start over again. "What is Nothing? As to physical science, it can'analyse, detect, or isolate, as much as it pleases; but, hitherto, it has always been brought to a standstill by the air, by a gas, by an electron, by the ether, or by the ultimate unit,' without ever ar- riving at Nothing. Astronomy would ap- pear to be principally employed in driving Nothing farther and farther away, instead of discovering it; for astronomers continue to search for more and more stars, and also to nnd them, where there had 1 ;en supposed to be Nothing." It is not unlike- ly that men and women, and even educated men and women, could be found, who, if asked what exists in the vast spaces between the stars, would answer Nothing." Yet Sir Oliver Lodge tells us that the ether, which occupies all space, is "by far the most substantial thing perhaps the only substantial thing in the material universe." And that as to i^s density, it must be faf greater than that of any form of matter, millions of times denser than lead." So much for one conception of Nothing. Even to profess to be thinking of Nothing generally means that you are thinking of a great deal. What do you mean by that?" exclaims Brown bridling, when Jones makes a rather nasty insinuation, and Brown, to defend himself from the trouble of explain- ing or perhaps because he dare not explain, answers evasively "Oh nothing," and Jones must be an extraordinarily complacent fellow if be accepts the assurance as altogether satis- factory. He's thinking aboot nothing, like mony mighty men," is the apt text with which our author intror duces his subject, and it is a Very profound sermon in itself. You remember the old village man in Punch who explained to a, sympathetic lady visitor anxious to know how he whiled away the long winter evenings, Well, sometimes I sits and thinks, and again I just sits," and if only we were honest enough I fancy we should all of us confess that it is when we just sits we dream our brightest dreams and see our clear- est visions, because we have no cares or worries to distract our minds from the endless vista of Nothing. What, in such or any other case, let us repeat, is Nothing? Reduced to algebraical te»ms 'we might put it thus;— 0 = X, and X, as we learnt at school may be almost anything. It may be much or it may be little. If a man tells you that he has nothing to give or has nothing to get out of a certain enterprise you wisely reserve your judgment" as to what interpretation to put on the word, (Continued at bottom of next column

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NEWS OF THE WEEK. I The Allies are bringing strong pressure to bear on Germany to secure her compliance with the terms of the Peace Treaty. The Government's Bill to fix coal owners' profits at ls. 2d. per ton is backed, amongst other ministers, by Mr. W. C. Bridgeman, M.P., Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade. Official reports show that British trade in November was very satisfactory, the exports being more than double those of November, 1918, and higher than in any former month of this year. The Premier told a Trade Union deputation on Monday that if the Peace Treaty were signed, as the Government believed it would be, there would be no conscripts left in the British Army by February. Sir Alfred Mond, M.P., has been awarded L5,000 damages in the libel action brought against Mr. H. M. Fraser and Mr. H. H. Beamish, for the publication of a poster in which it was alleged he was a traitor and allotted shares to Germans during the war. The North Wales Unionist Association has been reorganised under the following officers: President, the Earl of Powis chairman, Lord Kenyon; vice-chairmen, Lord Penrhyn and Capt. Mainwaring; hon. treasurer, Col. J F. Mellor; hon. secretary, Mr. Frederick Waddington. I Rather a novelty in the history of industrial disputes occurred last week when over 3,000 employees of the Army and Navy Stores came out on strike for higher wages and better terms of employment. The Ministry of Labour intervened at the end of a few days and a settlement was arrived at. j The Ministry of Labour has constituted a standing Industrial Court for the purpose of dealing with trade disputes which, with the consent of the parties thereto, may be referred to /a.rbitra.tion. Sir Wm. W. Mackenzie, K.C., K.B.E., is chairman and one of the two lady members is Miss Cecilio Mathesoii, who is well known to many of our Shropshire readers. The first meeting of the Welsh Hockey Asso- ciation since 1913 was hvld at Shrewsbury on Saturday, when it was resolved to ask Maior David Davies, M.P., to become president. International matches were fixed as follows: Feb. 7: Wales v. Ireland (Belfast); Feb. 21 Wales v. Scotland (in Wales); Mar. 6: Wales' v. England (in Wales). A match between North and South Wales will be played on January 24.

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I Sir Francis Lloyd. J I FOOD COMMISSIONER FOR LONDON. The appointment of Lieut.-General Sir Francis Lloyd as Food Commissioner for I London and the Home Counties, is officially ) announced by the Ministry of Food. It has been decided to combine the London and Home Counties divisions in one area, to be known as the London and Home Counties Division. This area will include London and the counties of Kent, Surrey, Sussex, Middle- sex, Herts and Essex, and will cover the ground of 821 food committees, with a popula- ) tion of about 9,274,000.. The principal purpose of the new scheme j! is to secure unity and economy of administra- t tion and improved distribution of food. The selection of Sir Francis Lloyd is made in view of the extensive knowledge of the area he acquired while in command of the London district. Sir Francis will receive £ 1,500 a, year. The amalgamation of the two divisions will take effect from Dec. 15. It would not have surprised me more if I had been asked to becajue the Archbishop j of Canterbury," said Sir Aancis Lloyd to a 'I Press representative. The first intimation I received was ten days ago when I arrived home and found the letter of invitation on my desk. "I really intended to go to Ceylon, where an appointment awaited me, and had already made arrangements and secured my ticket. I know nothing about the food question -nothing whatever. I shall go into it with an open mind and learn everything from the beginning. It will be a difficult task, and will mean a lot of hard work, but I like it all the better for that reason. I am prepared to give the best of my services to the job. The method I adopted in the Army will be followed in my new office. It was never my practice to appoint a lance-corporal with- out having some personal knowledge of him. The same rule will be observed by me as a food controller. I shall go and see everything for myself and thus learn something about every pros- pective official. The fact that I know nothing about the job will be an advantage rather than a drawback, because I shall not be pre- judiced by any old methods, and. if I don't make a success of the appointment it will not be for the want of trying."

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Nothing and Other Things," by the author of "Vices i". Virtues," "The Life of a Prig," "The Life of Sir Kenelm Digby," etc., etc.; Lotogmans, Green and Co., 19, Paternoster Row. London, etc., 1919. 2s. 6d. not.

Detailed Lists, Results and Guides
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THE CHURCHES. I OSWESTRY AND DISTRICT C.M. I i SCRIPTURE EXAMINATION. The results of the examiqmlion held on Nov. I 28 are published as follows:— Senior class (maximum lIIuks 100) Joseph E d war d s, L l an,,??, i iii, 78; !\Iarymfi rks 100) qoseph Edwards, Llansiim, 78; Mary Humphreys, 58; Marie E. I)av;es, 43. Uuder 21 (maximum marla 70).—Jane Hum- phreys, Llansilin, 66; Dow Davieg, Seion, Marie Evans, Seion, 63; Euft&e Gwilliam, Cefvi Canol, 62; Thorns E. Roberta, Seion, 61; L. C. Ffoulkes, Cefn Canol, 60; J. IS- Roberts, Seion, (59; Cledwyn Griffith, Seion, 5ft; J. Ivor Williams, j Seion, 58; Elizabeth vai-is, Seion, 58; Menna Roberts, Seion, 57; Agnes Hamer, 53; Gwladys Hamer, Seion, 47; Hora C. Ellis, Car- neddau, 35. Under 16 (maximum 80).-Edward Charles, Cefn Cancl, 80; Watkin Ffalikes, Cefn Canol, 79; Maggie Davies, Seion, 79; Catherine Jones, Seion, 78; Giyn Williams, aøon, 78; Dorothy Ffoulkes, Cefn Canol, 77; En-Jrn Thomas, Seion, 1 77; William Franklyn Hamel Seion, 76; Her- bert Roberts, Seion, 76; S.;h M. Ellis, Car- neddau, 75; Winnie Jane Cefn Canol, 74; Mattie E. Evans, Seion, 73 ;ith Mar: Jones, Rhiwlas, 73; Maggie Roberta Cefn Canol, 72; Arthur E. Owen, Seion, 70; H. G. Roberts, Seion, 68; Teddie Davies, Sgion, 66; Robert Thomas, Rhiwlas, 64; Edith jfiav Evans, Rhiw- las, 60; John D. Davies, Seiol1, 50; Rachel Dorothy Jones, Cefn Canol, 4§. I Under 13 (maximum 80). John Robert Ffoulkes, Cefn Canol, (5; .60 Betty Roberts, Seion, 52; 14#pm.o Jones, Rhiw- las, 50; Dilys Jones, Seion, 50; H. E. Owen, Seion, 50; David Thomas, Rhiwlas, 39; Hugh O. Griffith, Seion, 27; George Uoyd, Carneddau, 20; Elizabeth Mary Jones, Ca ddau, 15; John Grimes, Seion, 15. The examiners were Rev. J. Puleston Jones, ?Ll.f.i,, Rev. J. T. Jones, Bet?ehem, and Miss M. E. Edwards, IM¡iwYledd, Llanrhaiadr. I ABSURD INEQUALITIES OF LIVING. I I Ln the Oswestry Deanery magazine the rural dean, the Rev. J E. Pell Edmonds, rector of Whittington, says that, with regard to endow- ments, the legal right of the Church to hold every penny of them is indisputable, but it was a question whether the Church was justified in clinging to all the money v/hioe f was left at a time when there was little or no distinction between the people and the Church people. Closely bound with the questioft of endowments was that of episcopal palacea and rectorial mansions. These gave, an impression however false, of aloofness and affluenoo. They would have to go. People were revolting against the absurd inequality of livings. Why should one men with heavy duties be paid fS160 and another with light It was neither right npr reasonable. The time had come when every officer of the Church should be given what he earned. A POPULAR IHHISTBR. I The Rev. W. J. Banner Mendwe. well known I in this district- as a minister of the Presby- terian Church, who always preached with great acceptance at Oswestry and was far some I time stationed at Montgomery, ha.s j^ uet com- pleted a pastorate of six and a half years at Caerlèn Road Church. Newport. His many friends in Montgomeryshire (writes a cor- Orespondent) will wish him Cod-speed in his new sphere aa pastor of a church at Tenby. Abund- ant evidence of his popularity was apparent on S-andav. when, at the close of the evening service, a. presentation of a wallsfc of Treasury notes was made on behalf of the membership. l a number of ot h er The oldest member and a number of other members spoke in hig-hcst terms of the excel- lent qualities of Mr. Mendus. At a meeting of the Welsh Merioneth Pres- bytery, at Penrbyndeudraeth, on Monday, the dèacons held special sittings at which it was unanimously decided to increase ministers' minimum remuneration for Sunday services from 30s. to 40s. starting with the new year. Archdeacon A. W. T. Perowne, vicar of St. Andrew's, Plymouth, the new Bishop of Bradford, is the fourth son of the late John James Stewart Perowne, D.D., Bishop of Worcester and Rector of Llandysilio, Mont- gomeryshire, in 1870-71. The Rev. James Travis, president of the National Free Church Council, 1903-4, and of the Primitive Methodist Conference, 1892, died at Chester on Monday. Born in March, 1840, he entered the ministry in 1858, and was superannuated in 1906. He was formerly General Missionary Secretary and Superin- tendent of Home Missions, and was examiner of candidates for the ministry for thirteen years. He married Jane Kiliip, Lonan, Isle of Man, and leaves one daughter. I The death took place on Tuesd.ay week, at I Dolgelley, of the Rev. David Thomas, late Wesieyan minister, in his 61st year. Born at Tre'rddol," Mr. Thomas entered the Wes- leyan ministry 38 years ago, and being highly gifted asi a preacher and minister he quickly rose in the connexion. Previous to his ill- ness hfe was minister at Dolgelley for a. second term. During his two stays at Dolgelley he associated himself with every good cause, and was highly esteemed. His only son was killed at Ypres in 1917. The funeral took place at Tre'rddol on Friday. a R S

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i RAYimnm m ? t BALSAM B jiaMLSj?R jrjmB?N?a?j?t????t f?<Bttt.WB<? Jth N?tt GOUGHSIGOLDSM ? !nvatu&Me in ?he Nursery  1/8 OF "L CHEMISTS AND STORES. !{ The old Welsh Retnedy.

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Discharged and Demobilised Sailors arid Soldiers. FEDERATION MEETING AT CEFN MAWR. An interesting meeting In connection with tha Wrexham Branch oi the Federation, was held at tli9 BOj'S' Council Schoolroom, Cefn, on Wednesday, Dec. 3, Mr. Birkett E. Roberts, Acrefair, presiding, and stating that, the object of the meeting was to ex- plain the principles of the Federation, and to open a branch in the district. Mr. Cyril O. Jones asked them to consider care. fully, the claims of the Federation, which appealed, to him because it was a democratic body. Every member had an equal claim to the support erf the Federation. It was financed and worked by (x. service men, and would not accept donations from any outsider. It was up to the them to stand by the Federation which had supported them. There were several members who had joined the Federation, net or an5 benefi they would get themselves, but for the sake of the benefit to others. Mr. Percy R. Hayes said it would be far better that claims should be recogffised voluntarily than that they should have to be extorted from the GQvernmeut under pressure of public opinion. (Hear, hear). « Mr. Skelton, the organising secretary for Nortb Wales, said they were out to see that ex-service men had not to push barrel-organs about in the street, as had been done after other wars. The men whoia Great Britain relied upon wheai her hour of tribula- tion came along, who fougtrt in France and the other theatres of the war, for the ideals of freedom, were now among The ranks of aiie unemployed, wtuie those who stayed at home and had no intention of joining the army,held the best position in the country to-day (Shame.) Mr. M. H. S. GoWing also spoke, and it was resolved that a sub-branch of the Federation be opened at Cefn, Mr. Owesn Roberts to be secretary.

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18 RHOSLLANERCHRUGOG. PERSONAL.—Mr. Howell Lloyd Jones, ton of Mr. T. D. Jones. The Vlern (manager of the local branch of the Labour Exchange), has been elected secretary for the next term of the .v for the next term of the Oxford Urtiversitv Cambrian Society. Mr. Jones has been elected treasurer of the Welsh Society, the Dafydd ab Gwilym. WOMEN'S TEMPERANCE ASSOCIA- TION.-A miecella-neous meeting in connection with the local branch of the North Wales Women's Temperance Union, was held at Moriah Calvinktic Methodist Church, on Tues- day evening, under the presidency of Mra, Hughes, Sta,,i l e, Husrhes, Stanley-road, Ponkey. There was a cood attendance of members. and the pro. gramme was admirably sustained. ANNIVERSARY SERVICES.—The Sunfc* School anniversarv services in connection with the Sion Welsh Baptist Church, Ponkey, wore a great success. There were two meetings, knd the presidents were morning- Mr. T. Rogerc, and eveninsr Mr. Richard Pritchard. Mr. fi Grif- fiths conducted the sinking and Mr. JtBeph Jones presided at the organ.

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SIR R. J. THOMAS, M.P.. ADDRESSES TO HIS CONSTITUENTS. The George Edwards Hall, Cefn, was crowded on Tuesday ovening week, in support of the Government and to hear a& address from the member, Sir Robert J. Thomas, Bart., M.P. The chair was occupied by Alderman D. W. Roberts, in the unavoidable absence of Alderman Christmas JoSfes who was called away to London 011 County Council work. The chairman in a brief speech called upon Sir Robert to address the meeting. The hon. member in his opening remarks regretted the absence of Alderman Jones. He then very lucidly and clearly explained the Acts passed by the present Coalition Government and the bills now before the House, and asked would it have been possible to pass such important measures without a Coalition party. Mr. J. A. Seddon, M.P., followed with a racy speech. Questions were invited and answered, and the following resolution was passed almost unani- mously. "That this meeting of the electors of Cefn express its unabated confidence in the Prime Minister an d the Government and wishes to thank Sir Robert J. Thomas, Bart., M.P. for his valuable services during the past 10 months. This was moved by Mr. E. Lloyd Jones and seconded by Lieut. Chas. Morris. A cordial vote of thanks to the chairman wag carried, and a very successful meeting terminated with the singing of the National Anthem. LIVELY MEETING AT RHOS. 011* Robert Thomas, M.P., on Wednesday night had a lively reception from a number of his constituents at Rhos, where he addressed a big meeting in the Pavilion. There were frequent interruptions from members of the local Labour party, chiefly with regard to Russia, conscription, and nationalisation. After vindicating the principle of a Coalition Government as a means of settling the P-ce terms, and paving the way to normal conditions, Sir Robert referred to the swing of the pendulum in Russia from one bureaucratic extreme to the other. In Russia they had muddle worse con- founded. (A Voice: "Question.") One of the men best ablo to judge was Colonel John Ward (hoots), who declared that the rule of Soviet Government was accompanied by rapine, murder, and spoliation. (A Voice: "Ho knows nothing about it. And uproar). Sir Robert.—I don't know whether you know any more about it. The Interrupter.—I am taking your own politi. cal men— Colonel Malone. Sir Robert aid he knew Colonel Malone vety well, and he had rothing to say against him; but he was in Russia O nly a few weeks, whereat Colonel Ward was there for two years. CASE AGAINST NATIONALISATION. Continuing hiy Robert said he had had letters from such men as Mr. Edwards, the political agent of Mr. Hugh Hughes, his opponent at the last election, condemning him for speaking in the House of Commons against the national- isation of mines, and asserting that the election had not been fought on this issue. Mr. Hughes's main plank was clearly nationalisation, while he (the speaker) advocated co-operation between the employer and employed. As he received a majority of 14,000, lie was surely entitled to vote against nationalisation (a voice; "That was through Lloyd George 1"). Sir Robert retorted that he was proud to have got in with the aid of Mr Lloyd George. He went on to ridicule the idea. of handing over an indus- try to the civil servant, an industry whose success or failure would affect every industry in the land. A civil servant could not be expected to exert himself in order to make the coalmines a success. The State might prove a relentless taskmaster, because a State Department had no soul. If all the industries in the country were nationalised, we should have the, greatest combine in the world: if a workman offended and got the sack, he would have no other employer to go to. In reference to the Government's proposal to limit coalowners' profits to Is. 2d. per ton, Sir Robert gave some interesting figures. He stated that the pre-war profit of the coal trade amountAd to £ 25,000.000 per annum. The esti- mated total output of coal from April 5th, 1919, to April 5th, 1920, was 225,000,000 tons. which; [ at Is 2d. per ton, ambunt.ed to £ 13,125,000, a. reduction in the profits of coalowners of 47.5 per cent.

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and, as our author shrewdly suggests, melan- f choly confessions about having nothing to live on commonly mean being in possession of an income of two or three hundred pounds a year," and perhaps a good deal more. # Of course I do not ignore the fact that, when it comes, to the writer's art, it is open to the captious critic to say, as Pope did of the scribblers :of his age, that Such labour'd nothings, in so strange a style, Amaze th' unlearn'd, and make the learned smile but that is certainly not applicable to the author I am discussing, and even in my own modest way, I am surprised to find that I have had so much to say about a Nothing that I have no room left to deal with the Other Things." Those must, therefore, await further opportunity; though in the meanwhile I strongly advise my readers to get the little book for themselves and share my delight in dipping into its characteristic pages. A PHILOSOPHER ON THE PROWL. ,I I