The Glamorgan Gazette

AGRICULTURE IN WALES- A DEMAND FOR INCREASED GRANTS. In the House of Commons on Saturday, whilst the vote for the Board of Agriculture was being discussed, Mr Frank Edwards (G., Radnorshire) drew attention to the inadequacy of the grant for the promotion of agricultural education in Wales. Whilst acknowledging the recent increased 11 Z5 grant to Aberystwith College, the hon. member contended that it was not sufficient, and that, in consequence, children had a tendency when leaving school to migrate to the already over- crowded towns. This might be met if schools similar to the 76 existed in France, at which the sons of peasants, farmers, and labourers could receive practical instruction in agriculture, were established in Wales. This instruction would improve the fa: m n\s, and make them better men and more capable of tilling the ground. It would make the ground more productive, and stem the tremendous drain that went on from the country districts into the towns. Some of the money to be obtained from the land by the new Budget should go to educate the people who were born on the land, to keep them on the land. If the Chancellor of the Exchequer would facilitate that, and give them more money for Aberystwith College, he would earn the gratitude of the people of Wales. (Cheers.) Mr Gardner (President of the Board of Agriculture) said that he should be very glad if it was in his power to increase their grants. He might remind the hon. member that in many counties part of the technical education grant was devotod to the promotion of agricultural education. At present he had only £ 8,000 a year at his disposal for this purpose. Mr Lloyd-George urged the necessity for further expenditure in this direction.

A BRIDGEND MOTHER'S TRIVIAL COMPLAINT. At Bridgend Petty Sessions on Saturday, Annie James/6, Brackla-street, Bridgend was summoned by Catherine David, 20, Brackla-street, for assaulting her son Ivor. It appeared that the boy attempted to strike defendant for interfering with his little Bister, whereupon she struck him with a stick. The case was dismissod.

RESIDENTIAL CHANGES IN THE VALE. Dimlands, lately the residence of Lady Wyatt, has been taken by Mrs Thomas, formerly of Great House, Llanblethian, and Mr Vizard, from the Neath district, has become a tenant of Pentromeyrick House.

THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS. The majority of farmers put this year's wheat -crop at four quarters to the acre, but reckon the tail corn has at least three times what it was last year, say three bushels to the acre against one. The amount of twisted, damaged, and badly-conditioned wheat is very consider- able, but sprouted corn is rare. Few cases of mildew are reported, but no serious injury can be attributed to this cause. The straw is not only long, but fine. Scarcity of labour is much complained of, and has led to serious conse- quences. The English wheat crop has come into offer at East Kent markets pretty freely during the past week. The weight was good, but the condition very poor, and millers were not at all eager purchasers. At Mark Lane, on Friday, a few samples of Norfolk and Essex red were shown, and gave fair satisfaction, but country millers are out-bidding their London brethren. Foreign wheat has been firm at 62 markets out of 80, and the weakness shown just .after the Bank holiday has given place to a more healthy tone. The spring corn trade shows that out of 50 leading markets four have been dearer for maize and 21 for oats.—Mark Lane Express.

COAL THEFTS AT TONDU. At Bridgend Police-court on Saturday, Elizabeth Davies and Jane Nutt (married women), of Station- road, Tondu, were fined £1 each, including costs, in default seven days' imprisonment with hard labour, for stealing coal from Park Slip. They were allowed a month to pay. 1

LOCAL FAIRS FOR AUGUST. Maesteg 24 Caerphilly. 25 St Mary Hill 27 Pembroke 27 Crymmych 28

rpOWLE'S PENNYROYAL and STEEL PILLS for FEMALES quickly correct all Irregularities, removeall obstructions, and relieve tho distressing symptoms so prevalent with the sex ilox es, Is 1 jcL and 2*. 9d.. <>f all chemists. Send Bnvvtii'-ri on receipt of Hi v 3t ljy t L,, -A '.Ab [2+1

SCIENCE NOTES. A "P ASTEUR-CnA)rBJIIRLAND" laboratory is to be started in Vienna now. The Buda-Pesth institution, started by a Frenchman, M. Brodin Collet, has been very successful. In 1886 4506 animals were treated, in 1893 907,633, and between 1886 and 1894 ovet three million have been vaccinated. The mortality on the part of/pigs has gone down to 0'89 per cent., a4d to 1-01, 0'12, and 0 in the cases of sheep, cattle, and horses respectively. M. RAOTJL PICTET, of chloroform fame, has been experimenting on burns produced by cold-to use a somewhat Hibernian expression. A slight cold bum reddens the skin at first, but turns it blue in a day or so; and the wound takes some six weeks to heal pro- perly. A bad cold burn is much worse. A stubborn sore sets in, and takes as long as six months to heal. It is easy to see now why Dante chose the cold form of burning for the inner circle of his Inferno. n A RECENT paper by Dr. Morton, an American of some fame in electrical treatment, sums up the little that may be said to constitute our present knowledge upon this difficult branch of therapeutics. A con- siderable portion is devoted to the high-frequency currents associated with the name of Tesla, and their physiological effects. Dr. Morton seems to think that if the frequency is sufficiently high large cur- rents may be conveniently passed through the body, a statement open to criticism. Large currents at the high pressures used mean several horse-power, a reduction into plain terms that shows the ahmrdum. He prophesies a time in the future when a group of hospital patients might be scsn reading, conversing, playing games, &c., in a room composed of two opposite metal walls connected with the ter- minals of a Tesla apparatus, and thus submitted to a furious molecular bombardment in the intervening space. The electrical treatment of muscular ail- ments is as old, apparently, as 1752, for Dr. Morton quotes a narrative of Benjamin Franklin treating a young lady who suffered from convulsions, and, for that matter, paralytics also, with shocks from a Leyden jar. He does not deal with empirical treat- ment of a later date, by means of belts, corsets, and electric pills. THERE is a curious disease which prevails in Sene- gal and along the western interior of Africa, the symptom of which is a gradually increasing torpor, until the victim can no longer keep awake and falls into a deep sleep, from which nothing can rouse him. In this state he remains, perhaps, for months, until death overtakes him. The disease is endemic along the valley of the Congo, but seems only to attack natives. It is invariably mortal. Mr. Forbes, in the Lancet, describes several cases of this kind, and men- tions that the cause is unknown. It has been stig- geeted that a poisonous fungus growing on the native grain crops might be responsible, but so far there is no evidence wliatevex to support this explanation. OFFICE life in America would be unbearable nowa- days, during the summer months, without the little electric fan-motor that sits on some handy corner of the desk and hums as it sends the air circulating. The invention of this handy toy is claimed in the FIccirkal Review, of New York, by Mr. Schuyler S. Wheele?, who early in 1886 suggested turning a small sewing machine motor upside down, replacing the yoke of the magnets with a piece shaped like a tripod stand, and attaching a sort of propeller to the arma- ture shaft. A specimen was made and shown, and orders tLt once came in for others like it. It is estimated that there are now nearly a quarter of a million of these little room ventilators in use in America. Over here they are comparatively rarely seen. IT has long been an understood fact that certain pieces of machinery, almost useless for the time being, would recover their original qualities after being put away for a considerable length of time and allowed to remain undisturbed. No reason could be given for this state of things the experimenters only knew that it was a fact. Research has proven that metals become tired and overtaxed somewhat after the manner of muscles. They have their limit of re- sistance and their breaking-point, and if they are unduly taxed will certainly fail. It is one of the curious facts of science, that to do their best work metals must have occasional long vacations. Experi- ments have been mado in this direction that conclu- sively establish this point. Professor Kennedy has demonstrated that bass of iron or steel strained, in a testing-machine to almost their limit of resistance and then put away for two years, not only recovered their normal strength, but were stronger in the direction in which they were strained than ever before. Acting upon this theory, some of the best managers only use certain important parts of machinery for a given time, when they are removed, and this regard- less of the fact that they show not the slightest indi- cations of wear. Especially in railway equipments, such as axles, cranks and the like, this measure has come to be looked upon as prudent and one of the most certain ways of avoiding serious accidents. It is said that railway disasters from the breaking of axles are reduced to a minimum since this procaution has been taken. ON the subject of tke influence of musical notes upon explosives, there is a question of some interest and no little complexity which deserves a moment's attention. When an intense" explo- sive in reaching its critical" state, and its mole- cules therefore are in a condition of very unstable equilibrium, the sudden emission of a musical note will frequently bring matters to a climax and induce detonation. For instance: After several careful trials, it was found that of a certain sample of dry fulminate of mercury, the lowest temperature at which it would explode was 342deg. F., and portions exposed to a heat of 335deg. for some time, allowed to cool, and again heated to that degree (these alternations being several times repeated) re- mained without change. Yet particles of the same fulminate, placed as before upon an iron plate, but at a temperature of from 310deg. to 320deg., would generally explode sharply when certain notes were sounded near by upon a violin-string or a cornet. With the human voice it was much more difficult to obtain an effect of this kind, but occasionally such an experiment would succeed. Similar results were noticed with most of the nitro- compounds, the blasting gelatines included, while chloride and iodide of nitrogen were frequently so exploded at the ordinary temperature. The subject is too complex for all its bearings to be set down in a paragraph or even an edtire article, still, on one hypothesis, an explanation of the phenomenon might not be quite impossible. A GOOD deal of comment has been made upon an alleged discovery by a French physician, and a foreign medical journal has given it considerable space in its columns. The new idea is to the effect that snuff administered until sneezing sets in will stop serious cases of hiccough. It is a curious and amusing fact that many doctors sharply resent any suggestion that they might emplov "old women's remedies," and when something simple is proposed, they will have none of it. Sneezing to stop hiccough has been a school-child's and old nurse's remedy in this country for half a century at least. Snuff-takers need foel no satisfaction in the foreign physician's discovery, for the old nurse and the children used the frayed-out comer of an old handkerchief, or, lacking that, the apron, rolling it to a tiny point and toucliiftg the inner membrane of the nostril with the soft muslin. If the doctor will try a bit of rag. and leave the snuff out of the case entirely, the patient will recover more quickly. A SERIES of experiments was recently made with a view to testing the relative strength of metals when heated or cold. The result was surprising even to those who conducted the tests. Under a very low temperature the tensile strength of many metals was enormously increased. The breaking strain of tin was increased from 2001b. to 4001b.; that of fusible metal trom 1401b. to 4501b. The magnetic powers of metals seem to be in some way closely related to their tensile strength, and these as well are many times multiplied by excessive cold. IT IS not generally known that a mixture of plaster of Paris and putty ground in oil to the consistency of thick batter is cne of the very best materials for filling cracks in the outside of buildings. The plaster swells and fills out all of the spaces, and the putty mixture hardens and becomes almost like stone. For fitting up an aquarium nothing is better than zinc and oil with one-third its bulk of putty and one-sixth its bulk of fine-sifted plaster of Paris. Made the consistency of ordinary paint, this preparation is ad- mirable for coating garden-seats and fine woodwork that is expos6d to the weather. PROFESSOR SUMNER, of the Royal College of Science, has discovered a new species of Nemertine in the neighbourhood of Fowey, Cornwall. It belongs to the genus Tetrastemma, and because it is new to science he proposes to call it "T. Masculatum," on account of the contiguous spots with which the animal is covered. The body is cylindrical, and tapering, with large black spots covering the surface. These sp..t" grow smaller and smaller in the sides, and are hardly discernible on the lower surface. The head is not very distinctly marked off from the body, but it can be easily seen through the bright colour produced by the dark-green background of the soa- ,.eect Prof, flnnmor ir now engaged in iavMtigntuig And asaijvicf tit internal anatomy.

THE WOMAN'S WOKLD. To take a cup of social tea in China and Japan is not only a pleasure, as it is with us, but a solemn duty born of generations of custom. The require- ments of Eastern hospitality are so rigid that no guest, howsoever high or low his station, is allowed to leave a house without having partaken of tea and cake. It is considered as great a rudeness to refuse a cup of tea as it would be if the host should neglect to offer it. One peculiarity to be noticed is that the cup of the housemaster is taller and larger than those used by the family or guests. It is of some parti- cularly rare make of china as well. The best of everything in Japan is given over to the use of the men. TIIE Spanish flounce, shirred to the gored part of the skirt, so as to leave a standing frill, is a fancy of the summer. The fabric of the flounce often con- trasts with the remainder of the skirt, and matches the sleeve and yoke, and oftentimes the fold of the belt. Plaited skirts promise to be popular, and many outing costumes have either box-plaited or accordion- plaited waists to match such skirts. THE reign of white petticoats, predicted for several months, approaches slowly. The lifted dress skirt still shows the dainty silk and lace-trimmed petti- coats in a more bewildering variety than ever. For wear under white and delicately-tinted lawns, mous- seline de soie, and other gauzy materials, nothing is so satisfactory as silk, and, except under gingham gowns of the plainest variety, the muslin or cambric petticoat has no sphere. FOR summer use, the sleeveless jacket threatens to replace the shoulder cape, but its eventual success is threatened by a pronounced tendency to overtrim it and have it of exaggerated cut. This is a fault which can be found, too, with the coats and short capes, many of which are overburdened by shoulder frills, epaulets, coilaretes, and bretelles. If not made top- heavy by such devices, the shorter the cape the more dressy its appearance; but a fact that is often lost sight of is that this fashion is especially adapted to slender waists, and the wise and robust will leave it alone. FANCY buckles are very popular, and they are to be found in every imaginable size and shape, from the tiniest circle to the large oval ones so popular—from the cheapest plaited affair to the gold jewelled ones quite beyond the purse of the average woman. But the necessity of buckles of some sort is imperative, and she who can afford the requisite variety for her summer wardrobe is the envy of her more unfortu- nate sisters. The buckle's service does not end with its usefulness at the belt, but it appears on hats and neck bows, and tiny ones are arranged on bows on new gowns. To the buckle craze there may be added another for paste buttons, of various sizes, which are used in the centre of rosettes with the effect of nail heads. IT appears that the trial made lately by the French Post Office authorities of female clerks has not proved by any means satisfactory. Many complaints have been made by the public of these employes they are found to be inattentive, and often insufficiently well acquainted with their duties, while the expected economies have not been realised, as the frequent absences on the plea of ill-health have necessitated a larger number of clerks being employed. The want of success in this particular is rather curious, as women are widely employed as cashiers in shops, for the distribution of tickets at railway-stations, &c., in France. OUR Australian cousins have hit on a pretty device ae a substitute for the practice of throwing rice over a bridal pair as they leave the church or start for their honeymoon. At a recent marriage in Sydney the guests showered rose leaves over the happy couple when they took their departure for the wedding tour until the bride was literally covered with the fragrant roseate and white petals as she sat in the carriage. This is a more poetic way of symbolising one's desire that the union may be prosperous and happy than the more irritating shower of rice that scratches the skin, ruffies the temper, and possibly lodges in the eyes of the groom and bride. THE beautiful quilt offered as a wedding gift to the Duchess of York by the committee and associates of the Royal School of Art Needlework has now been completed. It is a facsimile of the quilt which was worked for James I., and belongs now to Lord Sack- ville, being placed on the State bed in the King's room at Knole-park. The conventional floral design is embroidered on a light salmon-pink silk founda- tion, the much raised flowers being edged with gold or silver thread, or outlined with black silk. A con- tinuous wreath of York roses forms the outer border, to which a tufted fringe of silk is attached. THE plain skirt and coat in blue serge or an un- obtrusive tweed is quite the best travelling dress, worn with a good, well-made silk skirt, or a succes- sion of immaculate linen ones with neat ties. For a wrap, have a Scotch cape with a woven plaid lining. This is easy to walk in, and having inside straps can be thrown back off the shoulders. Tourists fail woe- fully in finishing themselves off neatly. Great atten- tion should be paid to a really neat hat, sailor or felt, and such details as veils, well-titting brown boots, chevrette or buckskin gloves, and a leather or webbing belt. RUFFLES and jabots of lace are placed down the front of bodices and on the front seams of skirts. Very little jewellery is worn with outdoor dresses, though the shirt waists and neckties afford an excuso for pretty scarf-pins and sleeve buttons. It is rumoured that quite large bonnets are to be worn again, but they have not yet put in an appearance. Tulle, silk gauze, and cream crape are the only trimmings on many of the leghorn hats. The most stylish sailor hat to wear with the drill gowns must exactly match the colour of the dress, and have a band and bow of the colour in the blouse. When duck gowns are made by the dressmakers and trimmed with embroidered mull, they assume an air of elegance quite foreign to the tailor-made coat and skirt. IT goes without saying that navy blue and white are the yachtswoman's colours. Nothing is so appropriate aud becoming, and certainly nothing could be more picturesque than a blue-and-white dress skilfully arranged and perfectly fitted. The skirt for yachting dresses is made just to clear the ground, and not as full as skirts made for other pur- poses. In some styles there is a full length front of white or contrasting material, braided in blue or yellow. In this case there are cuffs, sailor collar and vest braided to match. Another style is of white serge. The skirt is draped high at one side over a petticoat or foundation skirt braided in gold. The bishop sleeves have plain cuffs with gold braiding, and the collar and vest are similarly finished. There are revers with gold anchors embroidered in, and a belt pointed in front and finished with gold-braid rosettes. A sailor hat with band of yellow ribbon is worn with this costume. WIIITE leghorn, chip and straw hats are trimmed with ribbon, gauze, velvet or plumes, and sometimes all of these are united in one, a French hat having ribbon loops with handsome plumes, a puff of gauze around the crown and velvet ribbon set on in cross- sections underneath the brim with rosettes and loops and ends at either side. A stylish costume of duck has the collar revers and cuffs hand-embroidered in scallops. The work is done after the material is cut out, and is a revival of an old fashion that was very much liked. MBKALUONS, palm-leaves, squares, and long, pointed sections of passementerie are used for trim- mings. But very little passementerie garniture is used in continuous lengths. Some garden-party dresses show skirts gathered up in festoon fashion with bows. These festoons fall over full ruflles of lace lined with silk and set upon foundation skirts. MANY ladies do not want to do away with all pos- sibility of a fire in summer, and these have pretty and diverse ways for covering the laid fire. One of the simplest is the large fan which lifts out easily and may be made as elaborate as a lamp shade with flowers upon the front and any other decorations, in- cluding a motto, if desired. If the walls of the room are hung in silk or satin it is pretty to put a panel of the same in the fireplace opening, mounting it upon a frame. The panel should be plain unless the panels of the room are decorated. One nursery fireplace is fitted for the summer with a much needed little bookcase, and another has a cabinet set in, into which will go the summer collection of beetles and butterflies, stones and dried plants. To beautify these fire spots" is the aim of the artistic woman who sees a chance in every quarter for an effect. One woman, as soon as the fires went out for the season, had her fireplace carefully measured, and then had an artist paint a picture to exactly fit the open place. Another woman had a tile fitted in the open space made when the grate was taken out. This she painted with a Puritan Priscilla study to cor- respond with the old kitchens, and cranes on the small tiles that bordered the fireplace. Several women have ordered tiles to be decorated by artists, and the cost when done may be anything one pleases to pay. But if decorated at home the plain tile, all placed, does not cost much to the square inch. For n nnrserv firppln^p a larpe wooden bloetc covered with white oilcloth and decorated at home with Mot her OOOM pictures, will part nicely under tb» lax- «rUi- ckm peopta. c

FARMING NOTES. THE NAEVEST. Harvesting operations (observes the Farmer and Stock-Breeder) make slow progress. The weather, unsettled and unusually dull, is all against seasonable reaping and safe in-gathering. Complaints in this respect are plentiful from all parts. The unanimous outcry is for less moisture and more sunshine. The latter is greatly needed to put the finishing touch on the well-filled grain crops. Unless a few days of sunshine early comes to the rescue, a large portion of the cereal crops will be decidedly defective in colour and firmness. This would seriously impair the market value of the grain, a circumstance very little needed at present, surely. Reports as to the quantitative yields happily are still encouraging. The heavy rains of the past four or five weeks have grievously injured the best crops in this respect as well as in quality, but, as a rule, the bulk both of grain and straw promises to exceed an average. Harvesting will, we fear, be a costly as well as a slow and precarious business this year. Such a large area of laid grain will inevitably retard progress, and necessitate the employment of the highest-priced labour. The wet nature of the weather, too, promises to do its full share to augment the labour bill. All these extra outlays will con- siderably handicap the crop in its remunerative aspect. Reaping is now almost general, and a vast amount is fully ready for the operation whenever the weather will permit. Most of the other crops look healthy and pro- mising. The hay is not all carried yet, but it is, as a rule, so well secured that little harm can over- take it, although its presence on the fields is far from desirable at this late period of the year. Grass is still plentiful and rich. Turnips, as a whole, show vigorous growth, and heavy yields are anticipated. Potatoes are not quite so satisfactory, the continuous spell of moist, sunless weather having proved detri- mental to the crop's development. Beans are not favourably spoken of, and altogether crop prospects at present are almost too speculative to admit of any approximate estimate of the ultimate yield being formed. PASTURE FOR PIGS. There is no little difference of opinion between farmers, first, as to the value of parture for pigs second, as to the extent to which pasture should be supplemented with other foods; and, third, as to the most suitable kinds of pasture. The third question only will be discussed in this paper (by Professor T. Shaw in the Live Stock Report). It may be said, however, in reference to the first question, that when pigs will employ the whole cool portion of the day in gathering food from pastures, even though they get a supplement of meal or other food, those pastures must render them good service, or Nature would not be true to her teachings. In early spring no pasture will equal in value a blue grass of quick and tender growth. As pork raising is practised now, generally speaking, there will only be brood sows and their young to feed upon these, unless where the breeder is engaged in rearing pure breds. When the young ones are kept in for a time, as they should be in the early spring, and the old ones only let out to pasture, the latter will not stay out long on the pasture, but will return to their young. They thus become accustomed to the fresh grass gradually. This is much better than to keep them out on it the whole of the day at the first. Before blue grass gets tough and woody, clover will be ready for pasturing. Take it all in all there is probably no kind of pasture so valuable for pigs, as it will last during a large portion of the season, that is to say, when the common red variety is the kind grown. It is always well to try and grow a plentiful supply, as what would be just enough in a good season would not be sufficient in a poor one. When the season so shapes that it is certain there will be too much, the pasture may be divided by a movable fence, and one part mown for hay. If thus mown early it will spring up again, and furnish succulent food when the other portion has become woody and dry. The mower may render good service in such pastures when they grow too rank. The portion cut by that implement may be allowed to fall as a mulch, and thus encourage the growth of the clover in the dry months. Where it may not be convenient to grow clover, or where a catch of the seed has been missed, a mixture of barley and oats may be sown. The proportions of the seed may include one part oats and five parts barley, and it may be sown at the rate of about 2v, or 3 bushels per acre, according to the nature of the soil. One part of the pasture may be sown quite early, and another portion two or three weeks later, to prolong the season of pasturing. Peas furnish an excellent pasture for young and growing pigs, but it is of short duration. They may be sown quite early, and then another plat sown two weeks later. The season for pasturing will in this way be prolonged. The pigs should not be let into a pea pasture until the peas are nearly ready to cook for table use, and they should be fed a certain quantity from day to day for a few days before they are allowed to remain in the pea pasture. They are thus accustomed gradually to the change of diet. If pigs were allowed into a pea pasture during the early stages of the growth of the peas, they would injure them too much by breaking them down. Next in order may come rape. If sown early enough the rape should be ready by the 1st of Sep- tember. If sown at intervals of two or three weeks, the rape would carry the pigs if need be right on until the close of the season. Rape is a valuable pasture for pigs, though it has been but little used for that purpose on this continent. Its fattening properties are far ahead of those of clover, and it yields a very large amount of pasture per acre. Clover will also come in again when the dry season is past. But, of course, it does not grow near so vigorously as in the spring, and when the early frosts come it is easily nipped. Blue grass will also freshen up and provide a wholegome bite. But winter rye would prove a better reliance than either clover or blue grass in dry autumn climates. It may be sown in August, and it will be ready for pasturing in say six weeks from the time of sowing under favourable conditions. It may also be pastured in the spring, but usually blue grass is sufficiently plenti- ful at that season. Where proper provision is made for swine pas- tures, there should be no difficulty in having a succession of them all through the season. They are relatively more important in the spring and summer than in the late autumn, as at the latter season the bulk of the pork made is then being fattened in con- fined pens. When close attention is being given to growing suitable pastures, raising pork is rendered less costly and the health of the pigs is better main- tained. But pigs should not be allowed to depend upon pastures as their only food. They should get other food at the same time, or their growth will not be nearly so rapid. INFLUENCE OF FOOD IN MILK PRODUCTION. An experiment was conducted at the Pennsylvania Experiment Station by Professors H. J. Waters, W. H. Caldwell, and R. J. Weld, on the influence of quantity of food upon economy of milk and butter production, and the results as stated in Bulletin No. 24 are as follows: Varying quantities of a ration consisting of timothy lIs.) and a mixture of corn-meal, wheat bran and linseed-meal were fed to ten fairly good cows for a period of 101 days. I. When the average cost of food consumed per cow per day was 19'9 cents an increase of 2-5 cents in the cost of the ration produced an increase in the value of the butter product of 3'6 cents or a net gain of 1*1 cents per cow, amounting to 27-2 cents per day for a herd of 25 cows, or 72-50 dols. per year. II. A further increase of 2 7 cents per day, making the ration cost 25'1 cents, showed no increase in the butter product, and was therefore fed at a loss. III. At this point a reduction in the daily cost of the food consumed to 20-1 cents per cow showed a net gain in the daily profit returned of 3-5 cents over the period when the ration cost 25*1 cents, amounting to 262'50dols. per year for a herd of 25 cows. Of IV. A further reduction of 3 cents per day in the cost of the ration, making the average cost 171 cents, gave the smallest net profit of any period in the ex- periment, amounting to a loss of 6-3 cents per cow per day when compared with the ration costing 20 cents and 7'4 cents per day per cow in comparison with a ration costing 22'4 cents. This means a yearly loss on 25 cows, when com- pared with the ration costing 20.1, of 472'50 dols., and 555 dols. when compared with the ration costing 2*4 cents per day, V. It does not appear to be profitable in the average case to increase the food of animals as long as they will continue toshowan increase in the butter produced, for beyond a certain limit, which varies with different animals, the increased product is made at a greatly increased cost. of food. VI. While there is a danger of loss from overfeed- ing, as is shown by the results in period III, there is a very much greater probability of a loss occurring from underfeeding in ordinary practice, since the most profitable rations in our trials were nearly up to the limits of the appetites of the animals when the consumption of any considerable quantity of coarse fodder was required of them. VII. Wide differences are shown in the yearly profit returned by animals producing approximately the same quantity of milk and butter. The extremes in the ten animals used in this trial are as 1 is to 1-95. VIII. The ration giving us the greatest daily profit is lighter in digestible nutrients than that recom- mended by VYoHf jinfithat found to be the 'lvom^e of a number of leading dairymen in Wisconsin, but agrees Us all details quite closely with the American slaadwd propcqpd by Frofenor Henry. ,h

FUN AND FANCY, YOUKG WELLS: YOH, a married man of 25 years, and advise me not to marry What makes you say that ?" Walker Mrs. Walker." MOTHER (reprovingly to little girl just re ady to go for a walk): Dolly, that hole was not in your glove this morning." Dolly (promptly): Where was it then, mother?" OLD LADY (to cabman): NOW much do you say your fare is?" "Three-and-sixpence, mum." "What's your number?" Eighteenpence, I mean, stingy old fraud A SOLDIER being asked if he met with much hos- pitality in Ireland, replied that he was in the hospital nearlr all the time he was there. ROBBY How did the Sphinx get the credit of being so wise, p1]n?" Mr. Morris By keeping his month shut for 3000 years.' A FEW years ago thsre was a man in Devonshire who had six or seven very corpulent daughters. When asked how many children lie had. his answer was generally something of this kind 1 have three boys, and about l."»cwt. of girls," IT is often difficult for the leceive" of a presenta- tion copy of a dull book to square his reply with tmt hfnlness. One prominent English hmnouriEt bas devised a method which is only brutal on minute inspection. Mr. he writes, begs to thank Mr. Dash for his book, and to inform him that he will lose no time in reading it." A MANCHESTER firm that has recently introduced a typewriter into their correspondence department received, a threatening letter from an indignant customer the other day, saying: "I want you to understand that you needn't print letters sent to me. I can read writing—even yours, and I don't want to be insulted by reflections on my education." THERE," said the superintendent of the lunatic asylum, "is a young man who started in life as a great public benefactor. After years of thonght he finally completed a gigantic plan of philanthropy, a scheme which he expected to bring joy to the hearts of millions of grief-stricken mortals and peace into thousands of unhappy homes—its failure sent him here." How infinitely pitiful," mused the visitor. And what what was his idea ?" It was a device for preventing'trousers bagging at the knee," responded the superintendent, with a long-drawn sigh. IT'S about an even thing between man and the orange-peel. Sometimes the man throws the orange- peel into the gutter, and sometimes the orange-peel throws the man into the gutter. CYIC; Your father was a great man, I fancy ?" Chappie: "Well, no. Why did you think so?" Cynic It's a current belief that great men's sons are never up to much." GENTLEMAN (looking over the apartments): This is rather a large cupboard, isn't it ? Do nicely for clothes and things." Landlady (with great indigna- tion) Sir, this is not a cupboard this is a sitting- room THE whisper of a beautiful woman," says Balzac, can be heard further than the loudest call of duty." But the man who if creeping upstairs with his boots off at two o'clock a.m., and hears the whisper of his wife as she leans over the banisters, in the darkness, doesn't think of her beauty. His chief thought is how much he would like to exchange his boots for a pair of wings. WHEN a man alters the cut of his whiskers, all his friends notice a difference in him, but many of them are at a loss how to account for it. What have you been doing?" say they; you look like another person." Something like this happened when a woman returned home after a few days' absence and beard her daughter playing on the niano. Where did you learn that new piece, 11 ia Y' the mother asked. It isn't a new piece, mother the piano has been tuned." MRS. C is one of those ladies who are rarely out of communication with the servants' registry office. Tradesmen and others who frequently call at her house are met at the door with a perpetually changing staff of domestics. On one occasion, when a ring was heard, for some reason or other Mrs. C herself went down, and on opening the door found the milkboy waiting. Seeing her, he leaned against the doorway and gave vent to a prolonged whistle. Imagine her feelings when the boy said: What! another fresh 'un ? You won't stay here long, I lay. She's a brute, she is." He had mistaken her for another servant. CLERK: "My wife has presented me with a little boy, sir." Absent-minded Employer Boy ? Well, if he is a smart lad, bring him here; we want an office-boy!" "Do you know Mrs. Ferguson has pneumonia, and is not expected to lire?" "No! How's that?" "Well, she got her feet wet going round to find the cheapest place to buy a pair of goloshes." WITH pardonable pride a lady displayed a very ancient piece of house-linen to her servant, saying, a. she held it up for inspection: Look, Bridget, at th:s table-cloth it has been in our family for over two hundred years." Bridget eyed the article in question carefully, and then, stepping close up to her mistress, remarked, in a most confidential tone: Sure, never mind. Mrs. Arthur, dear. If you just kape quiet about it, and don't let on to anybody, who would know but what it was bought bran' new cut of shop ?" EVERY man thinks he would become famous if he had more time to write poetry. BUSINESS MAN (hurriedly): What do yon want to take me to the Bank in fire minutes ?" Cabman (thoughtfully): A new horse." WIFB (tearfully): You've broken the promise you made me!" Husband (kissing her): "Never mind, my dear, don't cry; I'll make you another." LITTLB Boy: Mamma, are you really going to marry an Italian count?" Pretty Widow: "Yes, my pet." Little Boy (delightedly): IIOh, then I can have the monkey to play with, can't I ?" THE story comes from Australia that a marauding band of grasshoppers were turned aside from a certain village by the fact that a new brass band was practising as they approached it; and now they are starting brass bands everywhere throughout the colony. AN Irish jury's verdict was: Guilty, with some little doubt whether he is the man." A: They tell me your wife has an excellent temper." B. Yes, it never fails her." CELEBRATED LAWYER Now, tell me honestly, did you rob that bank ?" Client (in disgust) Of course I did. Do yer s'pose I'd be able to retain you if I didn't ?" Is it true that your bride is very hard of hear- ing?" "It ia. Why, when I proposed to her I had to shout so loud that all the neighbours ran out and congratulated me." THE colonial wife is not to be trifled with. When her husband goes "up country" and neglects to return within a fair and reasonable time, she simply advertises for him. Here is one of the adrertise- ments, taken from the Australian Journal: "If my husband, A. B., does not answer this advertisement in three weeks, I intend to get married.—(Signed) C.D." A CERTAIN tailor, whose customers were rich and fashionable people, found great difficulty in getting them to pay their bills promptly. While he was at Brighton for his holidays, he went one morning for a bathe. He had just made a dive from the steps of his bathing machine when on coming up to the sur- face of the water, he found himself close to a cus- tomer who had long been in his debt. He at once seized the opportunity and asked the gentleman when he was going to settle his little account. Oh, you shall have it at once," was th reply, "yolt shall have it at once-if you have the bill with yon." WAT OFT.—" This rich relative of yours, is he a distant relative?" "Yes, extremely distant since he became rich." "Szo! Miss Mary, dey tell me dat yon shall tell my gaharacter by my handt!" Well, to begin with, you're a Genwm-" "Ach, it is vonderful" JUDGE: Well, doctor, what is the condition of the burglar's victim?" Doctor: "One of his wounds is absolutely fatal, but the other two are not dangerous, and can be healed." I'M very unhappy," said the lamp; people are always turning me down." "That's because you smoke too much," said the sofa; but I—I don't do anything, and they're always sitting on me." KONES "What" have you raised that young book- keeper's salary for ? Don't you know that the young spendthrift squanders all his salary giving presents to some girl he's infatuated with?" Bones: Of course I do. The girl's my daughter!" COUNSEL (for defendant) Would it be contempt of Court to say that your Honour has presided over this case in a manner which is a. disgrace to the Bench?" Judge: "Certainly it would. I should commit you at once." Counsel: Then I shall not say it." MRS. O'BRIEN Good momin,' Mrs. M Cabe. An' phwat makes yez look so sad tOO Mrs. M'Cabo: Shure, Dennis was sent to gaol for six month's." Mrs. O'Brien Well, shure, don't worry, six months will soon pass." Mrs. M'Cabe Shure, that's phwat worries me." ANDREWS "What is the extreme penalty fot bigamy?" Briggs Two mothers-in-law." DURING the great strike, a few years ago, among the offals of the North British Railway, much difficulty was experienced in finding qualified engine- drivers to maintain the necessary train service Upon one occasion a young fellow was put upon a section in Fife. One day he ran some distance past a certain station, and, upon putting back, he went ai far the other way. The station-master, seeing him preparing for another attempt, to the great amuse- inent of the passengers on the platform, shouted-■ | "Just bid* where you are, Thomas; weli siiitl liie •Utionr

Trade Addresses. .s N: Ii::r.. FIRST AWARD SILVER MEDAL MELBOURNE EX- HIBITION, 1880. HIGHEST AWARD SILVER "■ MEDAL at the EASTBOURNE EXHIBITION of SANITARY and DOMESTIC APPLIANCES, August, 1881. TWO CERTIFICATES OF MERIT at the INTERNA- TIONAL MEDICAL and SANT- TARY EXHIBITION, SOUTH KENSINGTON I IMPROVED REGISTERED CLOSE or OPEN FIRE VENTILATED KITCHEN RANGE I Made with Oven and Roaster, or Oven and Boiler, Hot Plates, Grilling Stove, &c., (as may be desired) suitable for the cottage or mansion. By an improved arrangement the water supply may be maintained b* hand or with the aid of the usual supply cistern. The ventilating arrangement is perfect in every respect By this means the ovens and roasters are kept in perfect order, while the kitchen is entirely freed from the excessive heat which is found so objectionable in the prooess of cooking. Patent Self-contained Close Fire Range, Suitable for small families requires no setting fitted with roaster and boiler, and the new vantilofciiur i arrangement. & Every Range Guaranteed, and Fixed by Competent Workmen. j! Foil Particulars and Estimates furnished upon application to JIB "WILLIAM WILLIAMS, 1520 DUNRAVEN PLACE BRIDGEND Established over 50 Years. John Morgan, PRIZE MEDAL CHURN MAKER, CARMARTHEN. Cheapest. and Best House in the Trade for DAIRY GOODS Best Quality Churns, fitted with all latest improvements, as shown, from £ 2. Second Quality do., same material, but with less expensive fittings, from 18/6. Cheese Vats, with Followers (speciality) from 2 3 each. IF9- Write for Price Lists and compare Prices before buyuag. J. M. will exhibit a large selection of Churns and Dairy Utensils at the forthcoming Glamor- ganshire Agricultural Show, to be held at Neath on July 25th and 26th, and solicits a visit of inspection from intending purchasers. -= Torpid Liver. Headache. I CARTER'S I LITTLE 1 Purely Vegetable 9 Sugar-coated v &.A LIVER I I, PILLS. I[ Small pill. Small Dose. Small price 4 I ALL CHEMISTS, Is lid. ÎI PIANOS, ORGANS, HARMONIUMS, I On the New Hire System FROM 4/- MONTHLY. 3 MW A Good Selection of all kinds of Instruments always in Stock. j W. MILLARD, J Music Warehouse, 8, Wyndham Street, Bridgend. i — — — antl (Einu mit. || WEEK DAYS. I SUNDAYS. DOWN i T \Exp- Exp! I \Exp Matl TSai ■■■•> A.M. A.M. A.M. A.K.IA.1I. A. V. A.K. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. UP.K. P.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. PADMSGTON ,dep 5 30J9 0J 1017 104511145J 1 15 3 151 |5 4519 15 1040 >9 1& SWINEON 7 5OJLL 5J 1235 1222JL 22 2 52 4 55J J"3OJLL27 1*40 1127 I A.M. A..M. 1 GLGTJCEBTEB,, 5 15 7 55 9 28 1216II 53 3 30 8 47 1247 3 20 1247 BBISTOL 6 5 8 5 9 45jll55|l 15il 15'3 10!4 25 5 251 (20 NEWPOBT „ 6 31 7 12 9 37 11 Oil 6;3 1512 17|4 30^5 25(6 42J (9 52;2 6 9 0 5 14K2 6 CABDIFF „ 6 52 7 37 1013 112511 35[3 39 2 37J5 5;6 1017 3;7 15I 1015'2 29 |9 23 5 45 2 29 S LLANTBISSANT 8 7 103^ 1155)2 4 5 3516 39J i7 441 I 19 52 6 19 BRIDGEND.. >7 24 8 32 1052 1216■ 2 25 4 11 E |5 55 7 0 7 34 8 711047 3 2 1012 6 44K 2 1 PYLE „ 8 49! 11 9 1233]2 41 [4 29F ;6 9*7 17 ;8 25I 1030 7 0 I POBTHCAWL .ARR. J 9 2011130 1 2013 014 55 .6 2517 35: 18 35I 1040 POET TALBOT DEPL7 48 9 1 1120 1244|2 52 4 42 B (6 21 [7 28,7 57I FLL 8 3 26 7 N 13 26 1 NEATH „ |8 3|9 18 1135 1259;3 6:4 54 3 32|6 33 7 44!8 8' 1119 3 40 7 29 A 40' LANDOBE „ |8 21,9 43 1152 1 2413 30!5 14L3 5LI7 3L8 8^8 53: {1136 4 1 7 4814 1 SWANSEA .ARR.|8 30|9 55 12 0 I 35 3 40:5 23'4 0;7 5IS 15 8 30; 11145 4 10 8 10 4 10 "I LLANELLY. ,DEP|8 46! 1024 1222 1 54; |5 45:4 14J7 34 9 2B\ '1158 4 26 8 31L4 26 CABMABTHEN JN. |9 19 11 9 1 4 2 381 >G 33J4 441 10 6J 1227 5 1 9 13 5 1 J SI! 1A.M.; -I| NEWMILFOBDARR. 11055 1245 2 40 4 10^ J8 1516 5 }L 30^6 40 1045 £ 40 JL WEEK DAYS. I SUNDAYS IB| Tjp Exp\ Exp \Exp Exp <Mail\ ~77f Mat A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M.! A.M.'A.M. P.M. P.M P.M. P.M. JP.M. P.M. A.M. P.M. P.1C IJ NEW MILFOBD DEP .8 20 1015ILL 0; JL 5 3 15 5 0, 10 0 5*0 VFJ CABMABTHEN JN. 17 15.8 25:9 5811155• 124011 29J2 45 4 45J6 331 1135 6 31 LLANELLY J? 57'9 13,1037.1240JL 112 12'3 31 5 28 7 6| 1217 7 J SWANSEA „ 6 45 8 30 9 40] 1055'1 5 1 30 2 45'3 55 5 50;7 25! .8 25 1240; 7 20 LANDOBE 6 51 J8 36;9 49JLL 5;I IS! 1 42 2 51 ]4 9 6 1!7 37! 8 30 1250! 7 33 J NEATH „ 7 23 8 5111011; 1121 2 13.1 57 3 6 4 2S 6 15I7 54I 8 51 1 13' 751 '5 POUT TALBOT „ 7 40 9 311028 1135 2 30, G ;3 1814 45 6 32JS 7! ;9 6 A 29I 4 -J} POBTHCAWL 7 35:8 55I 1022: '2 20] J4 30:6 251 I8 50, '17 20 JFL PYLE 7 54|9 16:1042I -2 44) |4 58 6 45J 9 5 9 20 1 42 7 35 III BBIDGEND 8 6 9 29|1055;11§5 2 57 G 3 39 5 11 6 57^8 27 9 17 9 32 1 55 7 4718 27 LIANTBISSANT „ 8 31; 11191 ;3 21! :5 36 .9 56 2 21 8 10 .JJY CABDIFF 9 2J 10 3 1148,1245'3 53!2 57.4 15;6 10.7 55 9 5 9 54>' 1020 3 0 8 38 9 5 -9B JSTOF: JBJ NEWPOBT 9 27:1023 1229; 1 10!5 6 3 18 4 34!6 30 8 18:9 24 10121 Z 28 9 0 9 24 GIB BBISTOL ARR. 104811215)1 3013 0 6 13.4 24 ;7 48 9 35 1045' 5 45 AG GLOUCESTEB DEP 1142\114212 35' 15 4518 5 :1055i 5 30 1055 A.M. SWINDON „ 1 0J 1 0 3 3 3 56, ,5 30 6 58I9 35' 1215; 7 15 1215 PADDINGTON 2 3512 35 4 30 5 35 7 0 8 25 J 1140; 2 0 1025 2 0 i I I i 1 i c:-r 7.10 p.m. on Saturday only, all stations to Cardiff. R stops to set down First Class Passengers from London, notice to be given to the Guard at Cardiff. Q stops to pick up First Class Passengers for London, notice to be GIVEN to the Station Master not later than 1.0 p.m. *55^550 L. & O. SECTION, "1-=:d. J BRANCH TEAIN8 LEAVE 8.45 A.M., 12.33 P.M., 2.45 P.M 4.53 P.M., 7.23 P.NU (9.2^JJ>.FLFC.# 11 CA II«IAS ON SAODAA». JL j!