The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

L IT E H A T U It E. VACATION Thoughts ON CAPITU.. PUNISHMENTS. By Charles Phillips, A.B. London W. & F. B. Cash. Mr. Charles Phillips, well known when on the Oxford circuit a> the Irish Barrister," and now one of her Majesty's Com- missioners of the Court for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors in London, hasjmt issued a very able and well-written pamphlet bearing the above titTe. A copy of it has been forwarded to us by the publishers and as an unfortunate man is now lying in the condemned cell of Cardiff gaol awai'ing his execu- tion, and for a commutation of whose sentence a memorial is about beiug presented to the Secretary of State for the Home D -partaient.we would mast earnestly recommend our readers to give it a perusal, containing, as we believe it does, the most com- plete and convincing statements which lead to the conclusion -2 at hanging is neither justifiable by the command of GJd, nor expedient as a law of the land. The pamphlet, which con- sists of 121 pages, shews that All-. Phillips has given the sub- ject deep study. ITe quotes nnmiwrless cases where the inno- cent have suffered the extreme penalty of the law, and where, through errors in judgment and the humanity of juries the guilty have bean permitted to escape. The latter class of cases Mr. l'hillips contends, and as will be readily admitted, brings the law into supreme contempt, whilst to prove the former—the danger of hanging the innocent—we need not travel far for a case in point. Mr. B >oker Blake more, our highly -esteemed and respected neighbour, an 1 one of the representatives for the cotiuty of Hereford, when high sheriff of the county of Glamorgan met with an instance in his official capacity, painfully showing thj great uncertainty of circum- stantial evidence, and the great danger of acting upon it-a case in which all innocent man was on the point of suffering the last sad terrors of the law, and was only rescued therefrom by Mr. Booker Blakemore's indefatigable, arduous, and truly philanthropic exertions. Mr. Phillips in his introduc- tion san. Five and twenty years of no ordinary experience in our criminal courts jives the writer of these padres some title to have a voice in this ili-eiHsion and after much patient thought, a:1 I much very p liafiil observation, that voice is decidedly for the abolition of capital punishments in every case whatever. .Where si much depen is, and must necessarily depend on the constitutional temperament b >th of the Bench and the Jurv- bot, op-rative, often unconsciously, on their respective occu- pants, it is unwise, and as unsafe as unwise, to confide to them »u sn ho 'itv which, if exoici-ed in error, is altogether without »e:i,ijy." Mr. Piidiips co nmen e- by reviewing the pennl code of Eng- land, as has stood even i'.t our own day, when every pane of our statute b iok smelt with blood," and comes down to the present time, when it not unfrequently happens, when i man is tried for Iii" hto. that prosecutors, witnesses, and jurymen devise some stratagem to secure the escape of the accused. After citing numerous cases in support of his arguments, he proceeds with all reverence to deal with the scriptural view of the question, a.id then shows that public executions can in no way operate on tit-pubtic mill I eveept to disgust and demo- ralize it. The concluding pages of Mr. Phillips's work show that he is no tna-idiiu philanthropist; lie thus gives his reasons why he advocates the abolition of capital punishment: We advocate the repeal of capital punishment — Becau-e—The giving-and the taking away of life appertain exclusively to God. l>jja ise — B.;in< fallible, we should not punis^, when, if jVTO.ig, we have n > p .werof reparation. Ije.'ause L'iie crimes ot which it has been re- pealed have not increased, notwithstanding a progressive population. Bec.m-e — executions, by hardening and bruta'izing the human i.^art. produce th evil they are intended to restrain. Because — IVinducing juries to evade their oaths, it defeat* lie -Wilile its severity deters prosecution, the uncer- tainty or its infliction gives encouragement to crime. "Because Our aohoren;e ot bloj Ishe I often gives immunity to gm!r. and our proneuess to err out too often sacrifices the innocent an 1 B'caus 1 Its tl:s ■ v.itinuari -e. n soin" portions of Europe .and ^America, ha; been a lop'i.d ,v;th advantage to their re- c »ijimu!iities." l'i proposing zite for capita! punMiinent, Mr. i'iiilhpS ..avs — 1 tie advocates of ;:b di.'ion have frequently, and not unrea* -on it,iv. i. -eii a>k.jd wliaf. subsiiturc they would propose for the punishinont ot dr-.it'i Our substitute is based on the (,f ltis not the lnten^euess of the paiu that has the greatest cll'ect on the mind, but its continuance, liie de.it.i i)l a crioiiaul is a terrible, but momentary spectacle, and therefore a less efficacious mode of deterring others than the continued ei..tuple ut a man deprived of his liberty, con- demned as a b'-ast if Imnlen, to repair by his labour the injury he has done to society.' We would propo-e, therefore, as a substitute — Perpetual Imprisonment—Certiiu nni I. won rtint table. Hard L ibour for Life, its pro hue being for the pu'dic benefit. The Silent System one day in each month. A Strict Exclusion from the External World in every way. The most Frugal Fare compatible with health. The Pris n to be appropriated exclusively to the Convicts ror Murder throughout the United Kingdom, to be built on an fdevation, visible, but secluded, to Lave a black flag wavin" fi-Qift its summit, and on its front inscribed — ° TTIE GBAVE OF TIIK ML-KDNRERS. Bince those pages !tave appeared, this substitute punishment has been 1.3, some considered rigidly severe. It is so intended. >\ e write in no strain of sickly sentiment, but in a spint of the utmost sternness. Holding, as we do, that the shedding ot man s blood by murder is both sinful and criminal in the highest degree, we know of 110 permissible penalty too severe for such atrocity. And such penalty we would have enforced without a chance of commutation, as we would indeed every other punishment. Deprecating undue severity in our sen- tences—once passed, they should be c,tri-ied out. Commutation is a censure on the law, and all uncertainty in the ministration is the source whence its repeated violations spring. Good men and simple men are-easily deceived into humane recommenda- tions, and society is at this moment imperrilled by the felonious piety ot a counterfeit repentance."

RMYMNEY RAILWAY. A special meeting of this company was held on Tuesday, at the office. Grent George-street, Westminster, to con- sider a Bill now before Palinmeut, promoted by the com- JIHUJ !\lr. Boyle in the chair. The Solicitor read the heads of A Bill for Conqolidat. inu the Acim of the Rh)mney Railway Company, for autho izing a branch railway, and reguliting the capital of the company." It authorised the abandonment of a brnnch line, and the construction of another line iiiHtead thereof. Working agreements with the Tail Vale nail. nt)y and Newport, Agbergaveiiny, and Hereford Railway Company; nuthorizing £10,000 of ordinary capital to be expended on the branch line and £90,UOO to be raised on peference shares, and the fixed dividend thereon not to exceed o per cent, per annum. The Chairman, in moving a formal resolution approving ihe liill, snid it had passed thecommittee of the Hootf of Commons with merely a verbal alteration. It con- solidated the two acts of the company, and authorized II new Caerphilly branch in lieu of the oh) one. The borrowing powerf were £ 40,000. They intended to work the traffic tfieninelves, and he trusted there would be no occasion for any othei company to work it for them. The Pute Dor ks trustees would pay the cost of tlie branch to the Bute Docks, or allow 4 percent, on its cost. A formal resolution approving the Bill was carried uninimously. fit reply to a question, it was stated that the line would be completed and opened for traffic from the north end to tie Bute Docks by the 1st of October next. The meeting hen separated.

AUSTRALIAN EMIGRATION. The tide of emigration to Australia continues. Day after day the quays of Liverpoo) swarm with crowds of our fellow-couutr)men a d women, en route 10 the land of gold. With such an efflux of the population there his sprung up a very superior class of vessels engaged in the Australian Emigration Trade. We need hardly re- mind our readeie Hi at Messrs. Gibbs, Bright and Co., of Liverpoo1, have for a series of years beeu famed for dis- I pa'cbing vessels, not only large, strong, and of superior sai ing qualities, bi t fitted up in a manner which sur- pas<es all other vessels engaged in the same trade. It was only the oilier day that the s>me eminent and jus:ly popular firm dispatched a very superior clipper, the Florence Nightingale," well filled with goods and pas- sengers; and they have now on berth, as the packet of the loth of August a vessel which, for strength and beauty of arrangement, has not had an equal iu the port of Liverpool. She is named the "Carrier Dove," is a ship —Baltimore clipper-of 3,500 tens burden, and fitted up in even department in a manner that defies competi- tion. In a vessel engaged in the Australian Emigration Trade there are certain qualities requisite, without which it would be reprehensible to go to sea. These IIle- siiength, ample and properly ventilated passenger ac- commodation. The "Carrier Dove" has all these iu a remutkable and unusai degree; she is knit together as stiougly as iron and oak timber—for every plank in her is of Ihlit world reoo,' n wooo! -can mak her. Her ven- tilating apparatus is not only ingenious but trots efficient, and such as cannot be disairanged or impeded in its functions by anj of ihe many ciicumstances which in- terfere wiili the general modes of ship ventilation. The berths for every class of emigrants are unusually ample- t:Jleh f which has, in the most sultry of climates, abun- dance (,f pure air. Cleanliness and neatness of arrangement sfm to predominate in the minutest psrt of this splendid ship. Her captain is evi- detilly !k getitlet,i,iri of taqte and refinement, and studies in all his plans the comfort and convenience of eveiy ir.- dividual under his care, and keeping. Hells are arranged all over the ship, by which means the cabin passengers can, without let or hindrance, communicate with the stewards, or the captain with his cfliceis. Everything in every dppartntent is a model of cleanliness, efficiency, and general usefulness. A Captain who earns the thanks of the underwriters of his ship must be a seaman and a navi- gator in the true sense of the word; such a man is the commander of the "Carrier Dove"—Captain Monte}!. Underlying anil difficult », IBOO, whejiy in command or uie nipper slifp Atalanta," en a vojfikgV* fiorii Callao to Spsiri, he took his vessel into Marseille^ his ciew having mutinied. The authorities of that port h ive testified as to liis courage, and the care he took of the underwriters' interests. Besides this, he is a renowned sailor; he his made passages from China to New York in 78 days, and on one occasion beat the far-famed clip. pei ship "Fl)ing Cloud" 15 dajs on ihe run from San Francisco to New York; and he has also brought the ship "John Cumming" from the longitude of Charles- ton to the Liveipool Docks in sixteen days twenty boura. Any one who examines the build of the Carrier Dove" and who looks at her peculiar rig must admit that she is constructed with the view of swift sailing. But when commanded by such a gentteman as Captain Montell Las proved himself; and aided by a first officer who has been the auling master of some of the fastest clipper ships in the world, it cannot be doub'ed that if the Carrier Dove gels a chance she will astonish the people of Melbourne by the rapidity of her run from Liverpool. We know of no vessel possessing a tithe of her passenger accommodation, nor one more likely to make a swift run, or a captain or mate so celebrated for true seamanship, gentlemanly maimer;, and feelings of benevolence to every grade and description of passe tigers. Liverpgol Paper.

ATTEMPT TO VIURDER A WIFB BY HER HUSBAND.—A A dreadful attempt to murder was committed in Victoria- street, near Gloucester, on Saturday morning. A retired farmer, named Edward Culliford, who formerly lived near Taunton, and his wife, resided in that street both are aged persons, the husband being nearly 70, and his wife about 60 years old. Culliford appears to have been sub- jected lately to mental delusions, and laboured more par- ticularly under the belief that his wife wished to poi-on him and it was this strange impression that led to the attack which he made on Saturday upon the life of the unfortunate woman, by thursting a clasp knife into the lower part of the abdomen, which the wife grasped, and was severely mutilated. The prisoner is no doubt insane. IT IS UNIVERSALLY KNOWN that the leaves of all plants are imbued with their richest juices in early Spring; Tea, gathered at that juocture yields incomparably more strength than the last or aututna crop yet the Chinese with the concurrence of merchants, have long passed off these brown flavourless autumn leaves at high ra'es by coveriog the good aod the bad with the same colour this is done to increase the profit; hut, as it is a loss to the consumer and an injury to the article, it should be discontinued. Green Tea, not faced" with the bluish powder is dull olive when this and the Black are from the spring crop, and in a pure uncolonred state the fla- vour is delicious, as found by ming Homiman's Pure Tea, advertised with List of Local Agents in this paper GAI.LANT CONDUCT OF A COASTGUAIlDSMAN. -John Barnett, boatman, of the Southsea station, on returning from his night duty on Friday morning last, about four o'clock, observed three men, one dressed as a soldier of the 71st Fusileers, lurking about the residence of Lord George Lennox. Suspecting all was not right, he pro- ceeded to the rear of the mansion and discovered two men, one already in the house, having made an entry through the window. He bade them all "stand," or he'd shoot them. He trapped the one in the house by closing the window, and made prizes of the other two outside. The family were alarmed by him, and the prisoners handed over to the police. They were taken b fore the Ports- mouth magistrates, and in default of paying a fine of Cl each (no forcible entry having been made, a burglary could not be established) were consigned to gaol for two months each. CHINESE INFERNAL MACHINES.—On Sunday, the 3rd of May, at 4 p.m., it being a dark rainy morning, a tre- mendous explosion took place exactly ahead of the Acorn, and so close as to thake the ship all over immediately afterwaids fragments of a very large infernal machine floated past, and many pieces were caught by the spars that are rigged cut all round the ship as a protection against fire-rafts. The pinnace and cutter were sent a- head, and discovered at the distance of half-a-mile a strong bamboo rope, attached to a pile driven into the bed of the river. This rope was found to lead from the pile under water to the Acorn's cable, to which it was attached some feet under water. This must have been done by a diver during the night, as the anchor had been weighed the day before. The machine which had contained the pow- der was attached to rings, by which means it would slide easily along the rope fastened to the cable; from each bank was a linp, also fastened to the machine to guide it. The bar.ks of the river being high would entirely conceal the men employed in guiding it. Part of a fine trigger line was also found leading to the nearest bank of the river. The machine had evidently been floated down along the bamboo rope, and guided by the lines directly ahead of the Acorn, and had the firing been delayed one minute longer it must have exploded immediately under the bows and destroyed the vessel. Must fortunately, however, the guard boat, which had returned to the ship for a fresh crew, had just shoved off, and was pulling in the direction of the exact point of the bank behind which was the man guiding ths machine. He must have thought himself discovered, and pulled the trigger an in- stant too soon. From two pieces of the fragments of the whole length and breadth it was found that the machine had been a strong wooden tank, rendered waterproof, and capable of containing mote than SOOOtb. of power.

OPENING OF THE ROYAL WELSH SCHOOU ASHFORD, MIDDLESEX. On Monday afternoon the new school, Aihford, belong" ing to the Honorable and LoyaJ Society of Anei^t Britons, Was opened by hi. Royal Highness the PriOce Consort. The Society was founded in London nearly » century and a half ago by the principal Welsh landhold- ers resident in the capital, and early directed its chie* attention to the care and instruction of the poorer chil- dren of Welsh parents. At first its efforts were confine* to the apprenticing of a few children, and afterwards all industrial school was founded for the training and teach- ing of Welsh children of both sexes; but it was »ot until the year 1771 that a permanent school was erect'* in Gray s-inn-lane, iu which the boys were both cMbe<I "•i u 'i ,.Thoo8h ver> insufficient in accommodation, »h# o.d building has beeu occupied until the present t'"1" k subscription was, however, set on foot a short ii*9 ago for the purpose of erecting an edifice better suiUd (0 the accommodation of the children, aud situated in a a»°re salubrious neighbourhood; and from the amount C1' lected th. new building, at Ashford were erected. T* design, for .he edifice, which i, jn the modern style °{ Elizabethan architecture, were prepared by Mr. Herltr! Clutton. It will contain 130 boy, and 70 girls, the A" tings for whose comfort and convenience are of the superior description. The total cost of erecting the building is only 415,000t £14,000 of which will be covered bj the sale of the 0111 buiiding, which was Ptlf* chased by Air. Ely as a c=,rtudge manufactory. There »'e. u"Cue'-M»lUche'1 to the school, two acre* 0 which will be laid out for the instruction of the bo>« cultivation, which at the s.me time it is supposed Ili • supply the pupils wirh n large proportion of the garde" produce necei-ary for their use. There will also be small plot of land set aside for the girls to cultivate a- In amusement duiing their leisure time. Though the schools Otter such great advantages of situations and c0»' the expense of keeping them up will only be about 1180 a year more than the establishment in Gra)'1' inn-lane. The foundation-stone was only laid in Augu.1 last, therefore the who!e erection has not occupied quite twelve months. r Considerable interest has been attached to this charily among the aristocracy and leading people of Wales: be' tiveet) 200 and 300 of whom were presenl "t the cerelØoll1 on Monday. His Koyal Holiness the Prince Con»<>"• upon his arrival at the station, was received bv a gus"1 of honour, and ihe chairman, vice-president, a'nd co0»* mit.ee of the society. A procession was then foiiD' which marched to the principal entrance of the buihiW a distance of about 200 yards, and from thence to board.room, wheie the presentation to the Prince Co"' sort of those who were to take part in the proceed* wag made. On the table of the board-room WM pl»«'d a hue bust of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wsl"' by Mr. Evan 1 bonus. We may here mention that* handsome niche is placed in the entrance-hall which » designed for the reception of a full-length statue Of the Prince of Wales, in the robes of the Garter, to comment' rate the inauguration of the schools in connection «ith .he principal, „f Wales. The Prince Consort bavi"* been conducted over the various rooms of the build' proceeded to the principal dormitory, where the child** and visitors present had asaembled. Among those Pre] cl'mu t n°',T1-lhe ;VJ»'qui8 Camden, the Earl Countess of Powis aud the Ladies Lucy and Heibert, the Larl and Countess Grosvenor, the Earl Lucan, Viscount and Viscountess Dungannon, ViscoU^ Ingest re, Lord and Lady Dynevor, Lord Mostyn l°r IRV LIX A*TN'THE Hon-Sir Th°™»« Phiiiip»,sit VUtkin \V,llum Wynn, Colonel Douglas Pennant, & Hon. ,udsor Chve, Lord Robert Grosvenor, the BisW* of bt. David s, Mr. Cornelius Garman, &c. His Royal Highness having taken his place upon dais, an appropriate prayer was offered up by the W"1' 0 M. David's, after which Lord Dynevor, ihe preside"1 of the opening committee, read the following address "To His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE CONSOBT. the preiident, vice president, governor*. of ,> Mo«t Honourable and Loval Socie'y i T'T ,1Umbly and he«rt'ly thank your R°1* H ghness for honouring llie.n by your presence this d»1 on the occjsion of opening their new *chool«. •' Ili-y deem this another proof of jour Ro'vtl HittW'f A7 '°h, A ,r W". Wllich ,el'd lo promote ih« gtoTJ I Almighty God. and the moral and social improvement her Majesty'* i-ubjects; v •• And they trust that the principles on which this »0c" ha. been e.fabl.shed, and by which ila ,c.s have been guid'd' »ill meet your Royal Highness', approbation and couo"' oance. r It was founded nearly It century and a half ago, originated in ihe lo»e which Ancient Ii.itons have for t* fatherland, und iu the reveience and affection ofiwfouude' lor the virtues of Caroline then Princess of Wale- ct The first meeting was held iu the year 1715 oo David s Day, wine was also ihe anuitersary of the blrtbød her ltoyal Highness, nnd its proceedings were opened hallowed (as has been the practice since) by services of Church. Founded thus on »lm ar».i [windpkj ufreligion, loy' and the love of oui country, aud taking for its rule of set'"0 i Unity atiti Brottierly Love,' this :Deioty directed its ,ar 1 care to the poorer offspring of Wales. BeglnDii.g in 1716 by apprenticing a few children, founded in 171b, for children born in and near London 4)1 W e.sh pareuis, a school in which they might learn*'1.* would enable them to earn an honest livelihood, and ,0 ft hich ihey might be trained in the principles of Christian.1?' Held at first as a mere dny school, and in a hired rooøJojlJ was .fter.aed. established on a permanent site; and 1 68. there were added to education and apprentit-eabip f given, clothing, food. and lodging for a limited nuinbeto girls. 1 In- experiment answered further efforts mi.de; and iu 1771, under the parental care of bis King George III and with the support of the Piio«e Wa es, these additional benefits were extended and theOc forth boys well a, jjirls have been fed, clothed, a" lodged, as well a9 educated, in these schools, and afterw" apprenticed and set forward in life. i' H.eu>r1 l768, ,1)e J'*81" "umber of children in tb' school hail been little mote than 40; it f.as since been creased more than f-nr-fold, and the full bl.atinga of 'K charity have been extended to more than 2200 boys, and 67 *'r< •'This increase, and a resolution of the society to «lK B'r'to remain in the «ehool until 16 years of age, in«ie' °i 14 as heretofore, made addi ional building, neces^' country!8 ^'able to place the schools in For these reasons a„d knowing that the charity m^ be largely extended if sufficient room and adequate c»uld be procured, the society, aided by the munificence^ her Majeny, and of hi3 R0yat Highness the Priuce 0 Wales, have purchased this site, and caused these build'0* to be erected. 11 Such, sir, is the society which your Royal High"Os honours this day. and which we trust will always your Royal countenance and approval..g0 And now, sir, permit us to express our deep obliff*" ,j lor the condescension to which we owe it that your •on the Prince of Waleo, graces this building with • s'a' « ir."e K lo '"dulge a hope that thi* society "J honoured by his presence; and may he, e<P, In n vrtues of his parents, be long spared, a bio* to them, and to this nation. P Ami may that Providence, which has so favoured kingdom, grant that our Mopt Gracious Sovereign Mgtl"ifooll i any happy year*, be preserved to us, reigniug over »n p ving and gntelul people, and continuing to give, yourself, and your Royal offspiing, one of the best of to her subjects, the example of ail domestic virtues and W pattern of domestic happiness. G:veu under our Common S^al, this 11th day of in the year of our LcrJ 1857." To which his Royal Highness replied in the folio" words — W "It has given me great pleasure to attend here to-d4^|g assist at the opening of the new schools of the Honour* j, and LoyatSocietyotAftcient Briton and I have heard .II,t great interest the accouut you have given of the origin progress of the Society to its present state of extended n f lulness. It was gratifying to the Prince of Wales to .J that it was your wish that a statue of him should be P]i ed in tlie building, and lie cenainly would ha»e accomp*0 me here to-lay, but that he has left England on a f<>re'> tour. I shall not fail to convey to the Quean the ji» sious of attachment to her person and throne coutai|je your address. No fresh assurances, I am sure, ho'd will be required to convince the Queen of the de"0 loyalty of her Welsh subjects." sect The children having sung an ode especially COØlpOtlJØ' for the occasion, as well as the National A nthe((l'¡Ïo¡J, Piinoe Consort was again escorted to the A'shford »t#" where the Royal train was in readiness to receive h'1I,iJ^ The visitors afterwards sat down to a dejeuner. ^ar>'et« tho course of which a variety of appropriate toast* jV propoted and responded to. „ SATURDAY, JULY 18, 1857. C ¡t,' Published by the Sole Proprietor, HBNRT W8BB.S,iOl his residence, Crockherbtown, in the Parish of John the Baptist, in the Town of Cardiff and ^°Uf(jl of Glamorgan, and Printed by him at his Gefl6 0{ f rinting Office in Duke-street, in the said Paf's Saint John, in the Town and County aforesaid. Advertisements and Orders received by the Agents:- rJØr" LONDON: Robert Faulder White, 33, Fleet-st. ell? Newton & Co., 5, Warwick-square; Mr. G. [J. 42, Chancery-lane Mr. S. Deacon, 154, Lea^e.fl C<- street; Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; fi Barker, 12, Birchin-lane W. Dawson and So0'eti"' Cannon-street, City; Mr. S. Eyre, 32, street, Fleet-street; Messrs. J. P. and C. l00, 2, Crescent Villa, Cannonbury Park, North LOCAL AGENTS:— ABERDARE Mr. Thos. BRIDGEND Mr. W. Leyahon, StamP COWURIDGE Mr. Lister, ° tidne MEIITHYR Mrs. M. W. White, Stjgt,^ NEWBRIDGE Mr. C. Bassett, Che"1 NEWPORT, Messrs. Johns, Booksellers, 55, «t I This paper is regularly filed in London » Coffee-house, City. Peel's Coffee-house, Flee ——The Chapter Coffe«-hou»e, St. Paul1** j

CARDIFF COrXTY cornT. On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday last, Thos. Falconer Esq, Judge of the Cardiff County Court, held his usui: monthly sittings in the Townliall The business comprised 220 new cases, 18 of which had been adjourned from the pre vious court day 22 judgment summonses, and eleven in- solvents. A number of the new defended cases h:ul to be ad jotii ii d until the next County Court, the court being almos1 whohy occupied in disposing of the undefended case; and those which had IHVU adjourned from the last court. The ense- were for the most put of 110 public interest, those only, which are given below containing teat.tres of any public interest. PIERltE BERNARD r. JOHN W VACNELL. Mr. Ingledew appeared for the plaintiff, and Air. Bird for the defendant. His Honour said, this was an action for breach of contract under a charter party made on the lltli of May, and signed by the defendant.—Mr. Wise, the clerk of Messrs Carrol, stated that he offered the vessel to the defendant about five o'clock on the evening of the lltli of May. The reply was, that he would accept the rate and also the gratuity, but that he would not accept the vessel in the French form of charter party, and it must be in the English form. An English form was then filled up and Mr. Vachell signed it. The witness took it to the captain who signed it af.cr having had it ex- plained to him, and Mr. Wise also signed it as a witness. The vessel was ready on the 14th the ballast was out on the 13th. On the 15th Mr. Vachell told Wise that copies of the charter party had not been forwarded to him, and that therefore he would have nothing to do with the vessel. She was re-chartered to another party on the 19th of May. It is customary when a vessel is chartered for copies of the charter party to be sup- plied by the broker. The merchant gives the forms but it is unusual to write out full copies. It appeared in fact, that Mr. Vachell offered a. printed form different from that signed which a clerk was to adopt, and that the clerks not being able to make one of these printed forms agree with the charter party signed, gave up the attempt instead of writing out a clear and full copy. This witness (Wise) stated also that he is not aware that Mr. Vachell has seen the document since it was signed, and no copies were furnished: but lie says, that as brokers they could have been compelled to produce the ori- ginal. Francis Cotterell, another clerk of Messrs. Carroll, stated that after the plaintiff had signed the charter party, he told Mr. Vachell that the vessel was accepted, and asked for forms-that Mr. Vachell gave to him forms, and that he took them back to Messrs Carrol's office; but on comparing them with the charter-party, there was a great difference between them. He then took them back to Mr. Vachell, who told him to try and make alterations, saying he had no forms the same as that of the charter-party. He received the forms with the view to make copies for Mr. Vachell. The defendant, Mr. John Vachell, says that lie did express his preference of an English form of charter-party, and furnished Wise with a form. On supplying the form, he represented the necessity of copies (if the offer were accepted) in order to send a copy to his corres- pondent that on leaving the office, Mr. Wise expressed a doubt if the captain would accept, and he replied, If the captain accept, let copies be furnished as soon as possible." Afterwards the other clerk returned, and intimated that the captain accepted the terms, and requested forms to be furnished in order to make copies of the contract. The defendant gave him forms in which he considered the terms of the contract could be embodied, and they were returned the same evening, with a representation of the difficulty of making copies. He said, also, that he had not had, until that moment (namely, during his examination) occular proof of the captain's accept- ance. He says he heard nothing more of the contract until lie had notice on the 14th There had been a prevalence of easterly winds until that time, when the wind veered and brought up an extraordinary quantity of tonnage almost unpre- cedented, and in consequence the rates fell. The real question in the case is, whether the contract was affected by a stipulation for copies ? The contract was first signed by the defendant it was taken to the plaintiff and then signed by him. From that moment there was a valid and binding contract between the parties. The subsequent transactions relating to the copies can have no effect on the contract. There was no refusal to make copies, though there was some bungling about filling up certain printed forms supplied by the defendant. If the" de- fendant, however, on the 12th, had simply said,—" copy in writing the whole contract signed by me," there would have been no dispute. He was not ignorant of the contract he had signed, for he, in fact, by supplying his own form and signing the contract, was the party who dictated the terms of the con- tract. A little diligence on his part, or a distinct suggestion respecting the copying when the difficulty in correcting the printed forms occurred, would have removed all difficulty in the matter; but there is no power to avoid a completed con- tract-a contract signed by the parties—under the circum- stances related. There are cases of the conditional execution of contracts, the condition being distinctly notified before they were signed; but here the defendant first signed—then he made the clerk of Messrs. Caroll an agent to get the signature of the captain to his own terms—and after the signature of the captain was obtained the difficulty about copying the contract occurred. There was no unwillingness to give the copies, and there was no refusal of them,—nor did anything occur to entitle the defendant to repudiate or disregard the contract. The defen- dant stated he did not stem the vessel in his own stemming- book, but this is of no importance for the contract was uncon- ditionally executed by both parties. There must, therefore, be judgment for the plaintiff for the demurrage and detention. The loss has been calculated at a very fair and moderate sum, namely 919s 14s. GJWRGE SMART v. EDWARD ALEXANDER. Mr. Bird for the defendant. The plaintiff sued the defend- ant, a bruiser, fgV half cwnaissiw, lie was in waut Qf a wml for Quebec, and the custom in Cardiff is that the party acting receives half the commission of the broker. The defendant stated that he chartered the Jenny Lind by direction of the plaintiff, and was entitled to five per cent, commission that there was no understanding whatever to allow part of the commission to the plaintiff, and that he never considered the plaintiff to be entitled to it. The plaintiff stated that the de- fendant did not dispute the demand until he was put into court, and that he had admitted it" and that he had not had a dispute on such a matter for ten years. His Honour said, that without an express agreement at the time of employing the defendant he considered there was no liability to pay the demand. The payment made to the broker is a payment for his services. There can be uo customary or implied obligation on a man to pay a part of his earnings to another person. The customary charges of brokers are well understood, and there is little diffi- culty in ascertaining the sum to which they are entitled but there can be no implied right in any other person to claim a portion of the payments made to the broker in respect of' his own charges and earnings. A provision merchant might be employed to supply a ship, but there could be no implied obli- gation on his part to allow a per centage of his profits to ano- ther person. The court then adjourned to Tuesday, the 28th inst. -0 CARDIFF POLICE.—FRIDAT. [Before the Mayor (S. 1). Jenkins, Esq.) and J. H. Insole, Esq.] CnARGB OF STEALING AN AccoRDros.-Ellen Williams was brought up on suspicion of having stolen an accordion, the property of a foreigner, named Jacob Scheffner.—The prosecutor said his accordion was taken from him on Llan daft' fair night as he was returning from the fair. He was knocked down by two men who grossly ill-treated him, and then committed the robbery. The accordion produced belonged to him.—Hy man Phillips, a boy sixteen years of age, deposed that he was son of a pawnbroker of that name, and remem- he red the prisoner coming to the shop on the 4th of June. She offered an accordion in pledge. The accordion produced w:i« the one. She pledged it in her own name. He had since given the accordion to Puiice-sergeant Rollins.— I'.S. Rollins deposed that from information he received he went to the pri- soner at her lodgings and charged her with having stolen the accorlion produced, which he obtained from the pawnbroker's. She replied that she received it from a navvy named Coglikn, wlw used to work at LlandatV, about fourteen iLlP; ago. He believed there was a navvy of that i-taiiie. -Tiie Bench dis missed the case, ordering the accordion to be given up to Scheffner, the prosecutor. Mattan B.itti, a seaman in an Austrian ship In the East Dock, was charged with smuggling a quantity of cigars; but the evidence was not satisfactorily conclusive, and the Bench dismissed the case. SATURDAY. [Before Dr. W. T. Edwards aud C. Vachell, Esq.] William Brown, for an act of indecency in the public streets in the afternoon of the previous day, was fined 10s. aud costs. MONDAY. [Before S. D. Jenkins, Esq (Mayor), C. Vachell, Esq. (ex. Mayor), and Dr. Vachell.] Mary O'Connell, a girl of the town, was charged with having obstructed the public footpath on Saturday night about a quarter past eleven o'clock, in Bute-street. P.C. Dobbin proved the charge. He saw the prisoner in the street in con- versation with a man, and by so doing she obstructed the foot- path. Four persons were standing together. He had spoken to her several times that. same evening This was her second oflence, but she was discharged with a caution. Daniel O Ile.irne was charged with fighting in B ite-street and assaulting Police-constable Price —The said he was on dllty in Bute-street, ahv.it half-past cloven o'< lock on Satur- day night and saw the pi isni er commence fighting. He asked him to go home, up u which he turned round and struck him on the car and nearly knocked him down. He should have fell but the crowd around him kept him up.—Fined 20s. and costs oi a month's imprisonment. David George, a man living in a Il<JuI>" ill Whitmorc-lane, was charged with having assaulted Charles Henry Wilson, a seaman. —The prosecutor said that on Saturday last he wcnt into the house where the prisoner lived about midnight, and the prisoner kicked him until he lost his senses.— His evidence was corroborated by another man named James Norris.— Fined £ '5 or imprisonment for two months. Henry Britton was charged with having assaultej William John, The otfenec arose out or a public-house quarrel on Monday, and as the evidence was of a very doubtful character JIC Bench dismissed the case. James Griffiths was summoned by Job Greatrex. for nou- ;)ayinent ot 12s.il. for work performed by hint as a fitter cf ■asts, but the claim not being substantiated, the Bench dis- missed the case. Ja nes Avis was summoned by Robert 0. lbnm for non pa uncut of t'l 19s. 6d. which, after hearing the coin" plainant's statement, the Bench ordered the defendant to pav with 3s. 6d costs. Hannah Davies, a girl of the town, was charged with pick, ing the pocket of Henry Wicks, plasterer, living in Severn- road, Canton.— The prosecutor said he was robbed on Sunday morning at one o'clock, at the top of Whitmore,lane. lie was on his way home when he was attracted to a female at a door, who asked him to stand a quart of ale, to which lie replied that he had no objection. He went to a house with her, and drank beer with her. The prisoner and other females expressed an inclination for him to stop all night, but be did not feel inclined, and said he would go homa. Some females, one of vhom was the prisoner, then (dosed upon him and rob!>ed him if it sovereign, which lIe had ill his trousers pocket. He could oring witnesses to prove that he was perfectly sensible at. the time —Mr. C. Vachell (to the prosecutor): You are degrading :he solemnity of the law by appearing in such a case; what V-O-H,.lJ ,> uu Tl.c ,.u.ic v- .i,.i4i.n itie pi'oscciKoi v.(. severely reprimanded for his foolish eonduet. John Bryan, an Irishman, was charged with being drunk i id disorderly at four o'clock on Sunday morning, in Vrhit more-lane. — l'.C. Davies proved the charge, and the defendant was ordered to put 5s. in the poor box in default to be com- mitted for a month He asked for credit, but was of course refuse 1. J me Allen, a woman of the town, who appeared with a child in her arms, which it was said she had borrowed in order to excite sympathy in the minds of the magistrates, was sent to •aol for seven days with hard labour for being drunk and dis- orderly on Sunday night. Bartholomew Cockayne was charged with being drunk and disorderly on Sunday night, hnd was fined 5s. Julia Boyd was charged with being drunk and disorderly in Adam-street at a quarter-past nine o'clock on Sunday night.— Police-constable 18 found the defendant lying on her back on the pavement quarrelling with her mother, and there was a crowd of se\ etal hundred persons round her.—The prisoner said her mother bad been beating her; she was not drunk, having only drank three glasses of beer.—She was discharged with a caution. Flori Ferdinand, a seaman, was charged with having as- saulted a female of the town, and also police-constable Soniers, while in the execution of his duty.—The officer said that about half-past eleven o'clock last night he was on duty on Bute- bridge, and saw a female named Bridget Donovan in company with a number of sailors. The prisoner kicked and otherwise ill-treated the woman, upon which he was called upou by the tema.e to interfere. He took hold of the prisoner, and the other seamen seized him and attempted to rescue him. The prisoner and his companions kicked and ill-used him, and KnocKetl him down several times. Another man came to the ofhcel's assistance, and took hold of the prisoner. The accused then drew a knife and attempted to stab the ofticer.-The woman said that as she was coming along Bute.street she met some foreign sailors, who ill-treated her, and the prisoner was ??" f i, ein' struck her three times and kicked her.— liobeit Kixon said he was standing on the bridge at the time in question, and saw the sailors and the woman. They were ill-treating her, and she then called upon the policeman the prisoner then kicked her. The officer took hold of him, and his companions tried to rescue him. Five or six of them drew the policeman away, and commenced ill-trea ing him. The witness then rushed to his assistance. The man then at- tacked the witness, and one of them drew a knife and cut him above the eye. The officer injured one with his staff in self-defence.-In his defence the prisoner simply said that the woman struck him first. Fined 1;2 and costs, or a month's imprisonment.—The conduct of the man Rixon was much commended by the Bench, who awarded him 10s. for the loss of his day's work. Thomas Frazer, labourer, was charged with having stolen a rope, the property of Peter Peters, a German sailor, from a ship in the old Canal. The rope was stolen at ten o'clock this morning. The prosecutor threw out the rope to the pri- soner to fasten ashore. Instead of fastening the rope the pri. soner cut off several yards with a knife, which lie took out of his pocket and took to his cabin and threatened to stab the prosecutor if he fetched it away. The prosecutor said that the damage done to the rope was but trifiing.-The prisoner, in his defence, said that the prosecutor had got his rope, and would not return it.—The prisoner was fined 2s. 6d. and costs for the wilful damage, or in default a week's imprisonment. Thomas Rees was charged with having a defective cesspool on his premises. He admitted the charge, and was fined of., and recommended to provide a proper cesspool William Stanley was accused with having neglected to empty two cesspools on his premises in St. Mary-street. The Sur- veyor of the Board of Health said the cesspools were nearly full, and had become a nuisance. He had ordered him to empty them, but he had not done so.—Ordered to pay the costs, 5s., and the defendant was given ten days to comply with the orders of the surveyor, and make a drain. David Williams was charged with having a similar nuisance on his premises in Christina-street.—The Surveyor proved the charge.The defeudant said it was emptied in May, and he did not think it required emptying again.—The Bench ordered him to make a drain in ten days. James Griffiths was charged with placing sand and stones against the pier-head without erecting a hording. The deposit had been made at the back of the Crescent.—The defendant said it was through the negligence of his men, but the hording had since been erected—previously, in fact, to his receiving the summons. He was only required to pay the costs, amounting to 5s. William George Thomas was charged with having connected a drain in Dudley-street with one of the Board of Health without permission of the surveyor. The surveyor of the Board said that on his seeing the drain he informed the de- fendant that he was liable to a penalty for connecting it under such circumstances, and gave him a formal notice. The defendant said he would ask permission of the Board, and furnish a plan of the drain, but he bad not done so.—The accnsed, in reply to the charge, said he was not aware that he had committed any offence. Fined 20s. and costs. Seventeen of the crew of the Mary Catherine, of London, summoned the master of that vessel, Alexander Robinson, for wages due to them. The defendant did not appear, and the Bench ordered the wages to be paid. Benjamin Davies, a boatman, was charged with having cruelly ill-treated a horse on the 12th instant, by working it when it was not in a fit state to work.—Mr. Wilcocks appeared in behalf of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and called P.C. Webb, who said that he examined the hind leg of the horse, which was so strained that it was with the greatest difficulty it could put its foot to the ground. The animal was drawing a boat containing about 20 tons. The defendant said he gave the animal "every fair play it had been in that state for the last two years. He was fined 30s. and costs. Mrs. Caldicott, wife of a greengrocer, living in Victoria- street, was charged with having wilfully damaged the door of a woman named Fanny Thomas on the 9th instant. It appeared that the house of the complainant is one of a disreputable de- SCRIPTI9N, and THE went TIME 9U TBE day named TO look for her son, who she was told was there. On the part of the complainant, it was said that she then kicked ih one of the panels while the witnesses for the defence said that the da- mage was done by one of the women of the house closing the door violently in the defendant's face, to keep her out of the house.—The case was dismissed. Edward Jenkins, landlord of the Crown Inn, Millicent- street, was charged with having his house open for the sale of liquor before the termination of Divine service on the oth instant, and with having at the same time refused to admit Police-sergeant. Wines into his horse.—The officer knocked at the defendant's door at noon and no one opened it, although a person passed by the window inside several times. He was kept outside several minutes when at last he entered he found four persons with jugs before them, which contained some- thing that looked like heer.—Mr. Bird, who appeared for the defendant, said the people were lodgers he denied that the officer was refused admittance, and asserted that he or.iy had to remain outside until the defendant could bring the key of the door to unlock it, the accused having the key in the top room of the house. He also denied that any beer had been drawn that morning. He called several witnesses to prove these facts.—The Bench dismissed both cases. John James, landlord of the Hill's Arms public-house, whose wife appeared, was charged with having opened his house before the termination of Divine service on Sunday morning, the 5th instant. The defendant's wife admitted the charge, and this being the first offence, the Bench only ordered payment of the costs. James Baskerville, landlord of the Maltster's Anns, North- street, was charged with having opened his house in the after- noon of the 5th instant, at half-past three o'clock, for the sale of beer.—Police-constable 7 said at the time named he found four men drinking and smoking in the defendant's house—one of them was very drunk The tables were very wet, but he did not see any beer.-The defendant admitted having drawn beer at ten minutes to three the same afternoon.—Tlie Bench dismis ed the case. Isaac Harris, whose wife appeared for him, was charged with having, on Sunday, the 5th instant, opened his house, the West Country Inn, Bridge-street, during the hours of Divine service. —The offence was admitted, and the defendant ordered to pay costs.—Mr. Stockdale said the defendant was not quali- fied to take an excise license, and was therefore liable to be proceeded against for selling beer \y}thout a license. TUESDAY. [Before the Mayor and ex-Mayor.] John Bryan was charged with having been drunk and disor- (Ierly in Whitiiiore-lane. Police-constable Dobbin deposed that the prisoner was very disorderly, and having been sleeping in one of tiie houses in the lane, and been robbed of his watch and chain, he rushed out of the house and created a breach of the peace. The officer endeavoured to pacify him, but he continued to conduct himself in a most violent manner, and it required no less than four constables to take him into custody. He was fined 40s. and costs, or imprisonment for a month. John Lloyd, who was charged with having been drunk and disorderly in Charlotte-street the previous night, was ordered to pay 5s. to the poor-box. Sarah Jenkins was charged with being disorderly in Whit- more-lane on the previous night, and with having thrown stones at several persons. Police-officer Griffiths having proved the charge, the prisoner was committed to prison with hard labour for a month.

POETRY. THK SABBATH A RKST. Hail hallowed day, a gem of untold price Tlie poor man's boon, the christian type of rest; Unhallowed thoughts give place—devotion rise, Andliold possession of this care-worn breast. Awake my muse, in tones of rapture sing, An anthem to the Great Eternal Three! Who gave the day most worthy of a King, Wherein to celebrate His Deity. Sing of His works as shown to all around, And by all creatures magnified, and told The sun-lit dome, by limit no-where bound, The caverued ocean restless as of old. Sing of His love to Adam's fallen heirs. Who long had sat in Nature s sable night; But now in virtue of His wounds and prayers, May e'en enjoy both liberty and light. Sing of His power o'er sin, a.-d death, and hell, In that He died, the victim of His love' That sinners might for ever with Him dwell, In endless pleasure with Himself above. 'Tis thus I'll sillg; -these shall my musings be, Devoid of care let me employ the hours; And hope a Sabbath to employ with Thee, With nobler fervour and untiriug powers. Canton, May 3rd, 1857. G. J, HUTCHINGS.

LITERARY VARIE TIES. -11 Why is a young lady before marriage never right?—Becaus she is all the time a-miss. A patent has been taken out in Boston for cleaning fish by giving them snuff, they sneeze their scales off. A tender heart is like melting wax. Ah, then's the time to expect choice impressions to be made on it. Singularity argues a little and a vain mind, vain, because it seeks notice, and little, because it can attain it in uo other way. There is as utter an impossibility in a man to answer the end of his creation without righteousness, as for a man to act without life. l: "How inar.y deaths? asked the hospital physician.—Nine." Why, I ordered medicine for ten."—Yes, but one would not take it. If a pair of stockings are hose, is a single stocking a hoe 2- If a pair of glasses are spectacles, is one a spectacle ? And if not. why not. Indigenous Races," cried Phelim O'Lougherty, picking up a book on a Dublin stall, Indigenous Races by Saint Peter, but Ballykoolin Races 'ull bate 'em hollow A French Abbti quoted, as a convincing proof of God's pro- vidence, the fact that He had always caused large rivers to run by large towns "Of the Spanish books," says Montesquieu, the only one good for anything is that which was written to show that all the rest -were good for nothing." Sydney Smith once commenced a Charity sermon by saying Benevolence „ a sentiment common to human nature. A never sees Bin distress without wishing C to relieve him In a very limited view, no doubt, the man is a fool who runs a risk or even takes any trouble which he can avoid. In this sense, the Spaniard is wiser than the Frenchman, the French- man than the German, and the German than the Englishman but the Turk behind his pipe is the wisest of all.—Spectator. How TO liciN YOUR HEALTH.—1st. stop in bed late; 2d. Eat hot suppers; 3d. Turn day into night; 4. Take no excercise; 5th. Always ride, when you can walk; 6th. Never mind about wet feet; 7th, Have half-a-dozen doctors; 8th. Drink all the medicine they send you; 9th. Try every new quack; 10th. If that does not kill you, quack yourself.- Punch. WHAT WE MAT EXPECT.—The Coming Comet has gone in search of the Coming Man. As soon as they meet it is expected they will visit the earth together—the Coming Man on the back of the Coming Comet! This twin-phenomenon, this double "blaze of triumph," will amply atone, it is to be hoped, for any little disappointment that the sanguine and superstitious may have felt at their late short.comings.-punclt. THE IMPORTANT PART OF LIFE,-Live as long as you may, the first twenty years form the greater part of your life. They appear so when they are passing they seem to have been so when we look back to them, and they take up more room in our memory than all the years that succeed them. If this ijB k°.w important that they should be passed in planting gooa principles, cultivating good taste, strengthening good onH fleeing all those pleasures which lay up bitterness t«-or.tSOrrOW ^'01 t'me t° come. Take good care of the first tW(ln/ ,of your life, and you may hope that the last y will take good care of you. WNA AN^FAGE 0F GREAT LAWYERS.—Lord Somers's father at Dov-pr • at ^orcester Lord Hardwicke's, an attorney SCSRRVD'SIA RNE DTY 5 gentleman of smaU estate "? w ^ler^Hn: Lord Ke,^on s' Ashburton; Sir Vicary GiE*' 1>UIUUI1-S'|ilU a"oruey Exeter; Sir Samuel I^mUW vvas nTfoiyuid "Mbecary at Samuel Shepard's, a go!dt h u.d'IVn[ "geC T V' I Canterbury; Lord Mansfieldaud Loil ESne1 "i S noble famdy; but all Lord Mansfield got by his noble con- nections were a tew briefs in Scotch Appeal cases; and Erskine, just about the time he was called to the bar. was heard emphatically to thauk God, that of his own family he did not know a lord, PROVIRENTAL IsTEHrosiTiox.—One night, in London, Hutton, the Moravian, had a dream iu which he imagined that some one took him by the arm, and urgently besought him to proceed forthwith to a certain house where his help was wanted. He woke up, though it was only a dream, and fell asleep again. The same impression came over him a second time. Peeling disturbed, he turned himself, and again fell asleep. Now, a still more powerful shaking took place, and a third time he was importuned to comply with the request, or it would be too late, Greatly alarmed, he arose, dressed himself quickly, and, in the darkness of the night, lauthoru in hand, hastened to the street which had been distinctly indicated, and rang the bell ot the house pointed out to him in his dream. The door was opened, and, at the enquity of Hutton, he was told that an old man lived in one of the upper rooms, who was probably the person lie sought. Hutton with some trouble ascended, opened the door, and saw a very aged man reading by lamp-light in the prophet Isaiah. He had a razor in his light hand, with which he was about to destroy himself. In the name of Christ Jesus —hold." Saying this, Hutton sprang forward, seized the arm, and wrenched the murderous weapon from the hand of the victim of despair. He then proclaimed to him, who had lost all hope of salvation, that for him as well as for himself, the most deserving of wrath, the Son of God had died on the cross. The poor old man was saved and, amidst a flood of tears, lie thanked the Lord, who at the critical moment had sent His angel of peace.—Memoirs of James Sutton. THE Swiss GUIDES' OPINXOXS OF ENGLISHMEN.—I have frequently observed tint the best mountain-guides look with great suspicion upon everybody except the English and their own countrymen in a mountaineering point of view, they distrust them from the beginning, and always seem maliciously glad when the grounds of their contempt are justified by the subsequent collapse of the luckless foreigner. They seldom take any trouble to cheer his fainting spirits or to offer him any assistance and take delight in speaking of a difficult mountain as only good for Switzeis and Englishmen Possibly this may- u c be partly "blarney, and possibly also because the English pay better than other people, Americans excepted but certain it is, that of the swarms of French an I Germans who frequent the main roads of Switzerland, and dawdle about in such place-; R" Interlakeu, it is very rare to find one willing to H!1Ùèrlakp a difficult day's work, and still more uncommon to find one who succeeds in it. On the only three occasions when 1 have beer, joined by Germans or Fr nchmeu at their own request, and with all the pretensions of being able to do anything and every- thing, they all gave in before the chief difficulties began. One of these was a gigantic Frenchman, whom I met at Zermatt in 1854; he bragged the whole evening about an ascent of the Wetterhorn, which I never heard of from any other quarter, and then volunteered to join us next day-in an expedition to the Weiss Ther: but being frightened at the first symptons of a morning mist, he implored 115 to return, and, finding us quite deaf to his remonstrances, withdrew himself and his guides, leaving us to finish a most pleasant and successful day by ourselves.—HinchlijJF's Summer Months amour/ the Alps. TIIE COURTESIES OF KNIGHTHOOD.—The courtesies of knighthood are amongst the best part of the institution which has descended to us. They have existed among brave men since the time that Tubal Cain wietd d the first blade. Stern, but courteous, are the heroes ot the Illiad; as stern, though less courteous, was Bayard, who was no' averse to dealing an unfair blow, if it secured to him an advantage; and more courteous, yet perhaps even more stern, were those great captains of modern times who met at Fontenoy, and who almost deferred the battle till the next day, each being anxiously polite in requesting his adversary to commence the exterminating fire. It was the courtesy of chivalry that inspired Crillon to send vegetables to the scurvy infected Elliot, whom lie was besieg- ing in Gibraltar; and, io come down to the last example, it was perhaps an unnecessary courtesy which inspired Sir Edward Lyons, when our men were lialf-fiiiiiiiied in the trenches before Sebasfopol, to send a fat buck to the hostile admiral within the city. Still, courte-sy between knights engaged in hostilkies has ever received an universal nnd approving acknowledgment. When George the Second sent the Garter to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, the great victor at Minden, his investiture took place in front of the whole army. The French General dc Broglie, learning the nature of the ceremony, generously hastened to do honour to valour by the excercise of which the French bad grievously suffered. He, too, drew up his men within sight of the spectacle, and then sainted the new knight, whose skill and courage had been re warded by George the Second. De Broglie dined in the evening ill Ferdinand's tent, the guest of his great adversary. On tin foil nviug day they were as fierce enemies as ever.— Encj/clo- pttlia B"Ît,/it,t,1! J1.iti.r¡hts and Kiiighthool." THE CLERGY THE ONLY UNREPRESENTED CLASS.—There is no class of the Queen's subjects that is not entitled to be rt- presented ia the Legislature, not only by the exercise of tl e elective franchise, but by s'llne ot i:s own men, piovided thry can get constituencies to elect them, taking their seat ou the benches of the House of Common- In this manner butchers airl b.ik.TS, millers and brewers, linendrapers and ironmongers, engineers and cottonspinner-, garden ers and cowkeepers, all, in fact, whatever may be their occupation or pursuit it, life, ma) obtain a repre-sentation of their class in the Legislature. Not even prue-fighte.s, and, as is painfully notorious, couini ,n swindlers, are excluded from the exerciscof this common right neither are Dissenting ministers, whether Irvingitc apostles i r Sociniau preachers: the only class of men absolutely and n 'ces- sarily unrepresented are the Clergy of the Established Church. Popish priests, it is true, share the disqualification of holy oid ns but the.- take care to have their class and then- opinions more efficiently represented than those of any other class, by the influence which they exercise over the elections,— an influence which no clergyman of the Established Cnuich woul 1 dare, or if lie would tor an instant be permitted t. exercise, In reply to all this it may be said that the Huu<e o- Commons is not a proper sphere for a clergyman. As the nous- is now constituted, we are it )t disposed to dispute this proposi ti m. Hut it may admit of a uuestion whether it would not have been better for the country, as well as for tlie Vliuich. I the legislation of the last thirty years had hadthebenent of the Chri,tia:1 counsels of II few clergymen in the House 0' Commons; if, for every three lawyers 1 hat have bad seals in the House, there had been two lawyers and one clergyman.— C'/iurvhinau s Mtttnizhte.