Wrexham and Denbighshire Advertiser and Cheshire Shropshire and North Wales Register

FOREIGN NEWS. ) -p. THE WAR. I HOSTILITIES COMMENCED. I r [()FFICTAY, nULJ.E_'SSJ iURfK, MAY 4 J";VEfcr r cstt>rciay the PI¡pmy commenced a c:' nonade from the direction of Ya.f- cnza, but without eit'ect. The enemy advanced from Cambio towards Sa!a, on the left bank of the I Po; another advance was also made toward Tr!no. An i-ieitectual attempt was niadc by the Austnans j to cross the Po below Frllssinetto; 20 men were killed and wounded on our side. TURIN. MAY 5. -The attempt of the Austriana to force the passage of the Po at Frassmetto com- menced on the 8rd. The cannonade lasted 15 hours, and was recommenced vestero;,y ;<fccrnoon, j and lasted for the remainder of the day. The Fied- montese only had a few wounded, whilst the Aus- trians were yesterday at Castlenova, Scnvia. TR!ESTE, JMAr 4.—A proclamation has been is- sued by General Wimpfen announcing to the in- habitants that the defence of Trieste and the Illyrian coast bus been entrusted to him by the Emperor. A despatch from Alessandria, dated the evening of the ?th instant, says,—"Rain hasfaUenin tor- rents since yesterday. The enemy has crossed thd Po, near Gamble. No engagement has yet taken place. n 0 I. THE FIRST BLOOD. I 1. iUMN, MAY 1.—The Austnans are advancing, it is said, in great numbers. There was a general re- pert this morning that a skirmish had taken place at the advanced post at Cassolo, opposite to Abbj- ate-grasso. It has been an encounter of light cav- alry, in which rumour said the Austnans were four to one. A yuung riedmontese ofnccr, Cupt. CoHi, has drawn the first blood from the enetuy by a sabre cut across the Austrian commanding o ncer's iace. It was a sort ot chivalrous encounter between these two, however, for both detachments retired. AN ITALIAN VIK\V OF THE COMING WAR. Signer GaIIenga, whose literary works are well known in this country, writes as follows from Turin to the E, xaiitiner An occupation of Milan, however rapid and suc- cessful, would have no important and military re- sult, so long as the vast Austrian armament can find a gale shelter behind the walls of Patia, Mantua, Peschiera, Verona, PIacenza. and Ferrara, alt which places have lately been raised to the Import- ance of fortresses of the first order, A more natural and rational course for the French and Sardinians will be an advance into the territory of Parma. A large force collected either at Parma or Reggie would enable them either to achieve the Investment of PIacenza, or to threaten Mantua, Verona and Ferrara. It is not likely the Austrians will show any great anxiety to sally forth from these strong- holds to give battle nor is it probable that their enemies will lose their time in the seige of places I which modern art has rendered All but Impregnable. So far as mere military manoeuvres are concerned, the war Is likely enongh to turn out a drawn game between the two immense forces, as the Austrian army will to a certain extent be placed In a position iaaccesslble to Its adversaries, and It wi'l be at the same time be too much divided into different gar- risons, and compelled to be on its guard on too many different points, to be able to strike any de- cisive blow. A war pursued under such circum- stances must needs leave ample scope for the work of diplomacy and It is extremely likely that Eng- land and Prussia, unwearied as they have been In their enbrts to prevent an outbreak of hos!i:ities, will loose no opportunity that may oner, either to put an end to the war. or at least to hem In its rav- ages and limit it to the narrowest possible sphere. There is no doubt in my mind that it will requirt3 little short of a miraculous eilort to wrest from the Austrians the Lombardo- Venetian kingdom by mere force of arms. France and Piedmont united are not, speaking in a military sense, more than a match for Austria alone, and where they to obtain too great and sudden an advantage over Austria, I. I 0 they infalllby wonid have to measure their forces against the whole might of Prussia and Germany. To what extent Prussia and Germany may be kept in check by tire attitude of Russia, and how far Austria herself may be paralysed by discontent, or even annihilated by disorganisation in her Hungarian and other eastern provinces, it is not easy to deter- j mine. The strength of her military position depends on the certainty of her political situation. Were her Hungarian batallions at Verona and Mantua to play false, the war might be at an end before even the expiration of those three days allowed Sardinia to digest the Vienna ultimatum. But supposing her own troops as well as her Transalpine people to be stanch, there Is no doubt but Austria must reckon on the most cordial hatred of her Italian subjects, end must look out for the rise of all the rest of.,he Italian peninsula against, her. In such a state of tilings it will behove Austria and her allies, if she has any, to guard well against any untoward slip, against any disaster however partial and temporary for the example and the Instigations of the Pied- montese and the encouragement of the French, will embolden the Lombardo- Vcnetians to fall upon their masters wherever a chance oNers, and the ground will soon be too hot under the feet of the Austrians even within the walls of their Impregna- ble strongholds. OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE PASSAGE OF THE TICINO. General Gyulai has sent In an official report that the vanguard of the Austrian army crossed the TIcmo,ncar Pavia on the afternocn of the 28th ult. On entering the 1'Iedmontese territory, General Gyulai published a proclamation, In which he states that the Fiedmontese shall be treated with the greatest consideration; Austria appearing there H solely to cambat the turbulent party which at- tacks the rights of Austria and of the other Italian states; a party feeble In numbers, strong only by audacity, and which prevents the voice ot the true Peidmontese people from being heard." RUSSIAN EXPLANATIONS. I ST. PETERSBURG, TUESDAY, MAY 3.—The official newspapers of this day publish the following noLe AVc arc authorised to declare In the most positive manner that there exists no treaty of alliance oflcn- sive and defensive between Russia and any other power whatever. At a moment when all Europe Is making maritime or military armaments on a large scale, the Emperor was obliged to provide by measures of political prudence for any emergencies. His Majesty retains in the present conjuncture en- tire liberty of action, and we hardly need add that he is animated only by the sentiment of the dignity of his crown, and the interests of the country." FRANCE. I PAEis, MoNDAY.—It. is believed that the dinner announced to take place to-day at the Tuilerles, Is to be considered as the farewell banquet, and some insight is hoped for into the ultimate object which the Emperor has in view with regard to the war against Austria, for he has already discovered that to the utter ignorance of the pubhc may be traced the indifbrence manifested by all classes as to the result of the expedition into Sardinia. Some com- munication is expected which it is to be hoped will throw some light upon the subject, and enable us to voir clair dans iio (t voir clair dans no ajJltirs. Ills Majesty's depart- ure Is now spoken of as decidedly fixed for Thurs- I day. It is said that In answer to the Impatient question made by an ouicer of the stan whereby a doubt was expressed concerning any real intention of starting, the Emperor replied quietly, Never fear In spite of the delay, we shall yet be in time to celebrate the anniversary of Marengo." Mean- while the news already received irom the advancing columns Is anything but encouraging. It seems that. the passes of Mont Cenis are stilt impracticable for cavalry and artillery, and the soldiers have to dig through twenty-five feet snow. Many are said to have perished in the work, and It was reported yes- terday that orders had been transmitted to suspend the advance of the remainder of the forces. It has become evident that this was the very circumstance reckoned upon by Austria, and which was at the bottom of that haste which has appeared to Europe so rash and irreuectlve. The Sardinians arc woiu!iy deficient in artillery and matcl'iel de guerre, The French cannot act without cannon, while the news of the approach of eight hundred úouches ii feu and forty thousand of the finest cavalry in the world towards the Sardinian lines, has filled the Bourse with smazement and disquietude. The easy and nonchalant air of Austria is accounted for. Her willingness to delay proceedings even at the eleventh hour is now ascribed to the knowledge of the ob-' stacle opposed by nature to the entrance of the French artillery, and by military tacticians she is loudly praised for the foresight; and promptitude displayed in thus out-witting her enemy's very first move. DENMARK. i.iic Uaniall ambassador to the Court of Vienna has given an authentic denial to the report that a treaty of alliance has been concluded between France and Denmark. SWITZERLAND. Jr BERNE, MONDAY.—f he President in opening the Federal Council moved the ibilowing demands for the consideration of the assembly, namely :—" To sanction the declaration of neutrality which accom- panied the recent calling in of the contingents by government, to authorise the taking of further de- iensive measures, to open a credit not to be limited to contracting loans, and to appoint a commander In-chief oi the federal army." The Austrian am- bassador has communicated to the Federal Council the manijtesto containing the declaration of war, a THE TO 1113 TROOPS. I fhefoHowng procl.uuation hmbcen addressed by Victor Emamuo! to hia troop? — 'I f;olùicrs !-Allsf ..ia. who i;; inerG"inT her armies on our frontier, n.nd tl)- ei-.tt,us t' invade our territory be. cruge hero )'he)tv '?ns wit!) order—because not trr -ht, hilt concord ,iTtd -cti n. the Sovcrfi"n, hf'rc t.rri the Stttu—bjQn.usu th0 g 'an:= (of ()pprl:sed Italy lw:e iui..l an J to iiskus, who arc only armed in seif-defc-iit:e, to hy d,)i,i our arms and submit to her <-lHm:-ney. Thnt msuiting received the rcnty it deserved. I rejected it wi h (,ntcnlût. SolJi"r. I teli it to yf)u, convinced 'hat you v/tll t:Ù:¡\ n.ti insult to your KIng and to your udtion as an intuit to yourselves. The announ"elficnt I maKetoTOu ¡.. the: anl<)lIIl"erueat of w:ir Sul:jjprs, t:J .(rms You will have to fac:; a', mien.y n 't. n;"v to you But if brave and di?ip?ncd you n.?d nut f?r t'r'u C',)II1- nil l l?OU Illly (1,.Ii)te wllli I)rid?- t ?,e I)-.ttt l ,-s t,) f P;11:i>.l,n, nnd vou may q'?tc wiUi prid? the t?tti? of <?oito, I'astro..gA. Siu?a Lncii, ?o'nnn-C 'mp.?'n, nn.' even Cn-tjzza? whero four bri?de? al"ue strung!t:d for three d?ys against, u?e eo?.! ?'<]'?. I wiU lead you. We have made e.ich other's, acquaintance bef'rc this on. moru thfii one occasion, in the heat oi' lighting i'y the si'h< of my magnanimous father, I had op'portunity to ad'nirc y'ur courage I am SUI'I; that on the ii'dd of honour and f.f gl"ry you will maintain, even add to. your ruputntion f"r br.iv.,ry. Y.<u will have f"l' cOlllp:,nions those intrepid soldicra of France, conquerors in so many n )tcd battlc8, who were your brethren in arms on the Tchernxya, and whom Napo- leon III, wboia always to be found where ther& is a just cause to defend or civilisatiun to promote, sends geiier- ously to our assistance in numerous t)at,aiii)ns..31;ircli, then, coniidcut in victory, and tv-ine HCW laurel round your t!ag-, that tricol-'ur under the fo!ds of which the ditc of the youth ot Italy is Con.,(;tcd, and which indi- cates to you that the t'lsk bcR'ro you is t'.e in.it-petid- cncenfltaiy—that just aadho]y work which will be your batttu cry. Turin, Apru 27. VicroR EMMANUEL." SECOND PROCLAMATION OF VICTOR I EMMANUEL. TuKiN, ApRiL 30.—A proclamation. of which the following is a fu!t anatysis, has been placarded to-day throughout the kingdom:— Austtia, white making professions of love and peace, attacks ua,and refnsps the jurisdiction of a European con- gress. She vio].'tes her projisos m!!de to England; she asks us to jeduce our ar'uy and to abandon the brave volunteers who have flocked from all parts of Ita!y to defend the sacred n'g of Italian independence. I con- fide the Government to my well-beloved cousin, and I resume my sword. The valiant troops of the Em- peror Napoleon, my generous ally, will fight for li- berty and justice side by side with us people of Italy. Austria attacks Piedmont for having defended the cause of our common couutry in the councils of Europe, and because she has not been duaf to your cries of anguish. Austria now openiy tears up those treaties which she has never herself observed. The Italian nation is this day already free in point of right, and I may now con- scientiously accomplish the vow I made upon the tomb of my august father. Let us confide in Providence, in our union, in the valour of Ita):an soldiers, and in the alliance of the noble French nation. Let us rely upon the justice of public opinion. I have no other ambition than that of being the nrat soldier of Italian independ. ence. T'ica Italie (Signed) Vicron EMMANUEL. THE MANIFESTO OF THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA. YtENNA, APRIL 29.—iheiullowmg-is the manifesto addressed by the Emperor of Anst-iia. to the entire popu- lation ot Ins empire:— IMPERIAL MANIFESTO.—TO MY PEOPLE. I have ordered my gallant army to put a stop to the inimical acts (AnfeinduJlfJen) which for a series of years have been committed by the neighbouring state of Sar- dinia against the indisputable rights of my crown and against the integrity of the realm placed by God under my care, which acts have lately attained the highest point (<M,f tltrem JIohenjJunkt'J angeta??.gt). By so doing I have fuuHed the painful (seltwere) but unavoidable duty of a Sovereign. My conscience bein!; at rest, I can look up to an omnipotent Crud and patientiy await his award. With confidence I leave my decision to the i,rT),ti,.il judgment of contemporaneous an d future gcn- ct'?i.?. tJt th ua ?'i'i (.f ":T'?;f'.? e.f.? T am sure. t l iari tc ii am sure: More th'¡¡,. tuu yt;r.- ?.< .j ??.? violating international law and the usages of wa', and without any on'ence being given—entered Lombardo- Ycnetian territory with the intent to acquire possession of it. Although the enemy was twice totally defeated by my gallant army, and at the mercy cf the victor, I behaved generously, and proposed a reconciliation (reicht die Z7<:Kf/ zier Vt,rsohiz?ti?g). I did not appropriate to myself one Inch of his territory, I encroached oa no right which belongs to the Crown of Sardinia as one of the members of the European family of nations. I in- sisted on no guarantees against the recurrence of similar events. The hand of peace which I in all sincerity ex- tended. and which was taken, appeared to me to be a sumeient guarantee. The blood which my army shed í)r the honour and right of Austria. I sacrificed on the altar of peace (deiit 1riedeii bracat -ZcA das -DJM< M:c<Mfr Ai-ince ::MM Opfer). The reward for such unexampled forbearance was immediate continuation of enmity, which Increased from year to year, and perndious agita. tion against the peace and welfare of my JLumbardo. Venetian kingdom. Well knowing what a precious boon peace was for my people and for Europe, I pttlently bore with those new husti'.ities. My patience was not ex- hausted when the more extensive measures which I was forced to take, in consequence of the revolutionary agi- tation on the frontiers of my Italian provinces and within the same, wcrs made an excuse for a higher de- gree l f hostility. Willingly accepting the wetl mennt mediation of friendly Powers for the maintenance of p?ace, I consented to become a party to a Congress of thj iive great powers. The four points proposed by the Royal Government of Great Britain ss a bitsis for the deliberations of the Congress were forwarded to my Cabinet, and I accepted them with the conditions which were calculated to bring about a true, sincere, and dur- able peace. In the consciousness that no step on the part of my Government could, even in the most remote degree, lead to a disturbance of the peace, I demanded that the power which was the came of the complication and brought about tho danger of war should, as a pre- liminary measure, disarm. Bping pressed thereto by friendly Powers, I at length accepted the proposal for a general disarmament. The mediation failed In conso. quence of the unacceptableness of the conditions on which Sardinia made her consent df'ncndpnt. I addres- sed myself directly to the Sardinian Government, and summoned it to place Its sr:ay on a peace-footing', and to disband the fre curpr,. As Sardinia cid not accede to my demand, the moment for deciding the matter by an appeal to arms has arrrived. I have ordered my trmy to enter Sardinia. I am aware of the vast importance of the measure, and if ever my duties as a monarch weighed heavily on me it is at this moment. War is the scourge of man- kind. I see with sorrow that the lives mid property of thoueand:! of my subjects a<e imperIHed, and deeply feel what a severe trial war is for my re:ilm, which, being occupied with its internal development, greatly requires the continuance of peace. But the heart; of the monarch must be silent at tho command of honour and duty. On the frontiers Is an armed enemy, who, in al- liance with the revolutionary pnrty, openly announces his intention to obtain possession of the dependencies of Austria in Italy. To support him, the ruler over France —who under futile pretexts (nicMiye 7'p/c<7M'f) inter- feres in the legally established relations of the Italin pen- insula—has set his troops in movement. Detachments of them have already crossed the frontier of Sardinia. rn, -1 _1 I I JLne crown wnicu i. reueiveu wnnout, spot or uiemmh from my forefathers has already seen tryiog times, The glorious hi&tory of our country gives evidence that Prov- idence, when there is a foreshadowing that the greatest good of humanity is in danger of being overthrown in Europe, has frequently used the sword of Austria in order to dispel that sh&dow. We are again on the eve of such a period. The overthrow of the things that be is not only aimed at by fd.c<Dnp, but by Thrones. The sword which I have been forced to draw is sanctiitcd, inasmuch as it is i defence for the honour and. lights ot all peoples and States, and for all that ia held most dear by humanity. To you, my p) op!c, whose devotion to the hereditary reigning family iuay serve as a model f)r all the nations of the earth, 1 now address myself, in the con- flict which has commenced :P"l will stand by me with your oft-provcd ndciity and devot.iou. To your sous, whom I have taken into the rdnka of the army, I, their commander, send my martial greetiii- ;z-yriess.) With prids you may regard them, for the eagle of Aus- tria will, with their suppot, soar hig'h. Our struggb is a just one, and we beg!n it with cour. ago and c.)iifidence, We hope, however, that we shall nut stand alone in it. The i;oii on which we have to do battle was made fruitful by the blood lost bv our Ger- man brethren when they won those bulwarks which they have maintained up to the present day. There the crafty enemies of Germ:.ny have generally began their ga:n<: when they hitvc wished to break her internal pow- er. Thcieelins;thatsneha. danger is imminent prevails in all parts of Germany, from the hut to the throne, from one frontier to the other, I gpeak as a sovereign member of the German Confederation when I call atten- tion to the common danger, and rcca)) to memory the glorious timca in which Europe had to thank the general and fervent enthusiasm of Germany fur its liber. ation. For God and Fatherland Given at my residence and metropolis of Vienna on this 2Sdi day of April, 1S59. FRANCIS JosEPH." TRE EMPEROR NAPOLEONS ADDRESS. I ,.I 11 the following com'nunicauon 01 me uovcmment to the Corps Leglslatif was on Tuesday read by Count Walcwski I "Austria, by ordering the entry of her army Into the territory of the K'ng of Sardinia, our al)y, has (teci.tred wtr agajnst us. She thus vioiates treatiM and jua'tee, and menaces our frontiers. All the Great powers have n protested against. thM act o! aggression. Piedmont hav- ing accepted the conditions which ought to have se- cured peace, one asks, what can be the reason of this sudden invasion ? It is because Austria has driven matters to such an extremity that her dominion must either extend to the Alps, 01 Italy must be free to the shores of the Adriatic; fjr every corner of Itatv which remains independent endangers the power of Austria Hitherto moderation has been the rule of my conduct. but now energy becomes my nrst duty. France must now to irins) and resolutely teli Europe-I wish not fcr conquest, but I am determined firmly to maintain my national and traditional policy. I observe treaties on condition that they are not violated against me. I respect the territories and:the rights of neutral Powers but I boluiy avow my sympathies with a people whose history is mingled with our own, and who now groan under foreign oppression. France has shown her hatred Of MtfUchy, nor will wAs Q giyQ me power aujagicnvly sirens; to reduce ))ito suh?'ctfun abettors ot (h&orderand incorfisibicmetubersof old facliou, who are mces- concluding compacts with our enemies; hut a:te has not for that purpose abandoned her e!v!)isim: character. IIer natllfdl aHiea have al.vays been wh" des!re th'' aalelinration of the a')'J \ÍI:n si.c <!raws the sword it :sn.)tto govei,ii, I)tit to f-ef. The ohj i.'et, the;, ,f th is war :s to reduce Italy to i,er,;clf-IIO: tù ijapmeup.x' a 11. Chiillg- of 1I.:tsrers; aH'! wjs'n)lth-)) h:tVè upon Jur frt'"ti"ra a hi"K(!!y pc«p'(-, who wi!l owe to us tLfdr indt'pt-nJunn' \V(- do n.)t cuter Italy {o t')'n''))t disorder, or to dijtutb the no-verof our Moiy Father, whotn we upon throne, but to re 'K.vf trom hitu tin. <')rt-!g:i pressure whtch t'utdeua the whc'tc pcnmau!< a!i'i 'o hHfp tn e.. tablisli order th:-rf, hilSt.-d up: i.t'A-f'(t sn:i-.fi:-d mtftests. ¡ jn fmc, tlieii, we cuter tJ¡i,; ciassic gr!)tiii(i, rendered U- h<s!:r!us by :cia tnany vlq-t,)rie;, to seek the fo.ttsteps of I onrf.'thH.s. Cod <<nt timt we ))]?y h? worthy ofj them i ?'? .'o:);)t )« ;)!?c" .ny.?cK a!; t). h<id of t)t(- a''ntV. I tcavt' to Ft'.t!.cc the J'?nprcss und i :i. V sj! seconded by fie experience ami ealigiiienint:iit of the 1--Lt urvivin, brother. She \\il uttderstand how to show h-i-sftt worthy of t)te g)&n')<ur of her mi&- Ston. I confide ..hein to the valour ot the army wbielt r'j'naitts in F)'<in''a to keep watch upon cur frontius .Hid to gUlrd Oill' J¡'mle. {coli/ide the;)), in a word, to the e,Ír people, wh:< will eneircte the!H with aiTeCLio't and de\"uterln's:> &t wh:c!) I d tilv rectn'f so many proofs. Cotirzt,,r(,, then, and u)t:on Our country Is itgain about to show the world that she lias noC degen- erated. Provdonee will bless our ettorts, for that cause is ho)v in the eyes of God wb.eb reits 0)) Justice, liuiiianity, love of coun'ry, and iftdeoerdcnce." THE PROBABLE SEAT OF WAR. oJ ..1 I. The touowmg details respecting the proba.uie iiieatre cf bostUit'cs m I[a,'y a:e intercstiiiQ at this present mo- ment "If Alogaandria, which was dismantle.! by the Au.. trians in 1S35, whet\ they gave it un tj Piedmont, but which has recently been fortified, were made the basis of oper'ttiorM of an invading army against Mi!an, the armv .voili tw) routes to follow: the first in which there are a number of torrents. up to t!:f Ticino, which separates Jjombardy from Piedmont; and the Sf'cond, the easier one, presenting an ob.=tac'R in the P", which is the southern limn of Lomb.inio- Venetin. Now Austria, which occupies Piqcenza, on the right bank <t that river, has estabiished an cntrenchel ca'np at that place. L''wer down are Crerf.ona, and on the left b.mk Mantua, tn defend the passage against an army which should leave Piacenza. in it'j )ea.r. On the nrst road to MUan, behind the Ticino, is Pavia, which seema to have been latdy fortified in order to be made a b<tae of operations against Alessandria, if besieged; on the north are Bergamo and Brescia, strong places, but not impregnable, and able to disquiet an army passing them to attack Verona and Mantua, which are the key of the country. This territory was the theatre of the catn- p.ugn of 1796, and Austria has accumuiated defences there in the belief that in any future war the same piauof attack wontd be followed, but this is perhaps doubtful. Un the Mincio, which is only ten leagues long from the Lake of Gardo, in which it rises to the marshes which surround Mantua where it falls into the Po, and which can be forded in several places, means of defence have been accumulated, and Peachiera, and Mantua protect its tWO extremities. The Adige is in the rear, and Hows parallel to the Po, for a certain distance. Jt is perpen- Jitular to it behind the Lake of Gilrdo from Yfromt to Legrano, a length of 15 leagues. It ran no where be forded, and it= banks, on the side of Verona, are cover- ed gardens and vineyarda, and those on the side of the Mantua with rice neids and marshes. The road from Verona to Legra.no runs between the Adige and the can- al and an army placed within the square formed by Peschiera, Mantua, Verona, and 'Legrano, protected by the water which is found on the er.st and west, by moun- tains to the north, and by the marshes to the south, rs free in its movements, and c:m march on any point that may be menaced. Peschiera, of which the defences arc somewhat scattered, id the refll; of the flotilla, which acting oa the Lake 0!' Gardo. wouid menace a corp d'ariiiee desiring to cross the Mincio, and protects rhe locks which enable the banks of the lower part of the river to bo inundated. By en inundation the nylng bridges construct(d by the enemy woutd be carrried away. Mauiua is, like Pcschicra, en r-n island in the Minico, su'roundcJ by a lake, which should be drained town to 1e t)k"'i, and drainnm I Wul1iU iC:L\ ,t ¡'i:tCJUWllo,1' \Il;il "nl'l t'(,t.:1' the place unnthti.iL(tb!e. by raised cauRcways protected hy forts. It is very difficult to take, but can easily be blockaded, As thill place ap- pears to Austria too unhealthy, and too f:tr from the Ty- ro), she has established her head quartets at Verona, and disbursed a large sum in fotifying the place. Verona, like an the positions fortified by Austrian engineers, compri'ps, in addition to numerous fortincations, an en- trenched camp, capable of containing an army. It is believed that the <ate of the place will be decided rather by a battle than by a siege, which 1:1st would require a vat force. Lfgrano is a tde-de-pont, fortined by Xa.pol- eon, which would enable :thc army at Verona to proceed to M:'n!.U3, aa reschiera ou the north would give it an issue on Brescia and the northern put of the Milanese. Moreover, an Austria urmy, defeated ind obliged to re i main at Verona, could he relieved by troops arriving from the Tyrol on the front -ind rear of the besci;erso The numerous roads in the Tyrol arc protected by forts which a handful of men woultl bc c:1p.lhlc of defending against a victorious army. If, be taken, the conquest of Velletil, would not be difE- cult. Aa to the Adria.ic, Austria ha-! taken the precau- tion of protecting herself against an attack on its coasts. From the banks of the I'o to the frontiers of Ltria, the shores of the Adriatic are very ins ilubrmus. In some places it is impossible to pa.ss a night without be¡n at- tacked by fever, :.FIÙ tlw sea is ,Iiillo%v to a considerabie distance frcm the coast. Venice, in fact, is the only p!a.ce which c-m receive vessels eYcn of a secondary size and they must enter by passes which are protected by strong forts. If the city were taken, Fort Malghera would remain, and it cannot be approached either by land or water. In 1S13, the insurgents in that fort re- sisted the be¡gin Austrian army until men and am- Biinition were exhausted."

A CLERGYMAN AND HH WiFE MuR.DEH.ED BY THEIK OWN Sox.—The telegraph aonoumed several days ago the murder of the Rev. John Ford nn.i hia wife, bv their sou, at Harris, Marquette county, Wisconsin. The Ox- ford Express" gives the following particulars. The son was chopping wood at the dour. Ilia father went out to the wood pite, nnd stooped to pick up some wood, when the scn struck him a foul blo\v in the back of the head, near the neck, sinking the entire blade of the axe into the head. II o then struck him oil the tenipio, breaking in the csrnal bone. The mother, upon bearing or seem"' the occurrence, ran out, and w hen within a few feet ff where the iathcr lay, was met by the son, who struck her a hravy blow, sinking the blade of tl,e axe into her forehead, laying the head open from the nose to thcvor- tcx. A second blow was struck, opening the head from the outer angle of the crown to tin eye, a.nd scattering the bones of the head, and the brain. A pcrs m, who lived twenty mil.s distant, S¡J\V the son chopping woud at the do 'r that morning. Some two hours afterwards the bodies were discovered, find the alarm given. On en- tering the honsa the son wa3 foun.1 in hh chamber. He was cool, and not excited by the sight of his murder- ed parents. Blood was found upon his pcrst'n, and the axe was found to be the one uscel.-Amcrican -Pal-7c; ExrE;slvE PuRCtIASKS OF CoAL BY THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT.—i-evcral large ccal prop' ietors In Liver- pool have, within the iast fe.v (lay, received some ex- tensive orders from the French executive for the supply of coal to the French ileet. One vessel, a large screw steamer, belonging to a Greek nrm, and trading between Liverpool and the Levant, was reported to have been tak- en up for the transpoit of French troops to the seat of war; but we believe the engagement oniy extends to the conveyance of coa!s. As yet, none of the large com- panies—pueh as the Cunard line, the Liverpool, Phila- delphia, and New York Srcamship Company, or the Montreal Ocean Steamship Company—have been ap- plied to by the French authorities, nor is it probaDe, in the present neutral position of Engtand, they would accept any overture from the Frencti government for he chartering of their vessels. CuniOUSLY LOST AND CURIOUSLY FOUND.—About nvc years ago a geut!e;n!iti residing in the neighbourhood of Newcastle lost a vatuabie signet ring in nis pig-sty. The ring, being an heir loom, was highty prized, and the strictest search was made, but in vain, for its re- covery. In the course of time the contents of the pig- sty were sold as manure to a farmer, and suppticd the necessary stnnu)ants to the production of a crop of po- tatoes. The nc!d has undergone a regular routine of cropping since that season. A few days since it was again ploughed up for cropping purposes, and a numbet oj girls were employed upon it in gathering the quick- f h 1 ens." One of these In taking out a handful of tllPsp. weeds, came upon the identical ring lost five years be- fore, and which during that long petiod had been repos- ing peacefuUy in the earth. The mother of the nirl took it on s.Lic to Messrs. Lister and Sons, jewellers, .-tore, who recognised the crest; and, as a .natter of course, retained the riii-Y. Its ownt-r was communica- ted with, and had the satisfaction of recovering the ring so long lost, and of the icgaining of which a] I hope had long since been given up.-Carlisle -Vxa2iti)2er. HiRT![ ix A RAILWAY CAjuuAGE.—On the arrival at the Middleton Junction, on the Lancashire and York- shire Railway, on Monday, of the a:x a.m. train from Manchester, the guard's attention was called to a female passenger, about 30 years of acre, seated in a third-ehsa carnnge, appareutly in great suffering and it appearing that she was in labour, the male passengers were re- moved, and two married women gayc their prompt as- sistance. Before she could be removed from the car* riagc she gave birth to a iino child (the train standing for ten or twelve minutes), and she was afterwards con- veyed to the stati'n house, and thence to a cottage ad- jacent and when the train left, b')th mother and child appeared to he doing welL-Manchester Guardian.

On Sunday las the sptendid residence of Warden Ser- gison, Esq. at Cuchnkd, Sussex, was ucurly dsstruyed by tire. A French man-of-war, the brig Agile, arrived in the Tyne on Sunday, and is now moored at the Low-tights. She is well mauocd. There are also several Austuau ves- sela ia the hi<rbuur< The "Immaculate Conception" is the name of a beaut t- ful screw iron steam vessel whaeh was launthed on the Thames Oil Tuesday. She is intended as a yacht for the Pope. Mr Sheridan Knowlea, the dramatist, arrived at South- ampton on Sunday in the Indian packet Ceylon, from Cadiz and Gibraltar, where he has been staying for the bbnent of his health. At the Pimtieo slate works of Messrs Magnua and Co., on Saturday, a large quantity of slates fell upon Ml. Fi8- derlck CoUms, th9 fwemfH't kiiliuk Mm ou the ?pot.

?UER FACE IS NEtrm'? DARK; NOIt KAIR. HEIl.FACE IS ElrrIl';R DA ttK NOH. I'.UlL HRF f;)CR is neitlicrilark nor f.ur, NOI' I r,)n:!iv rn1rke,1 in for o mr fenfire Itst!)Kd9mt'n'ithtur)(")tidfK);tre. Nor (I:IZZ'¡ I,k>; n faJJii' 1n'!I/'O/ A'td v''t if, k.i( l vft slit- T'tu.).or(; iL:r:x'<:t;i;iJ'e [ !v<' it. 11(tr for-n qiiectily t:ill, Nor vet ,'jll1i'JII;¡"c i:¡ s:atllre,- Not to iiiiiiie a iiero tlir,.Il, ¡'{or '¡\e 1 h! Yd II(:¡I II tIt If If )))rt.o)nca.j't.)ht;r, Ye:ms !tcrst'!f v. J. :all;t adore ;Ir. Lcr .V(: njr ,IY, N.'t <ML'! t') .'nv<- t)<)!- i)uc ) ) tnatiJf)), It ;.lIi;;C5 lIot !ikd an April (Lty, ?'i!:t<-tt:n.'s t<? v.'x suf)'At;t!ttiijs to ut .JJeu .S ,);rteti:nt-s tti v,iX Su.ret,ituL:s to 1,1:zcl4lt U Yet'«:h a ?''ni.!H:?-)-t')';?<m iron her Ahv:f'j thu Siunc iniJ alwftis sj.u n.jr. S!t<' No airs ass)t-n',d t;or borruwed luatre Bn' 60 mucit di"I!tv a..d Cttaf, Sue:' -,r.)ee afi't swueti:esi rOLlud her cluster That f, kc the atfx"here abound trie tJcr all IH;rvdillg t-uJ tfath bu!)n'i fne. tUx ROBEKT.

THE ([<¡om" PiJelfl, by J. ]loltfø, JOter- m'!jiJlt1Jl 1\1 al "II less in its beauty bluoiniug- Udpn:teudill¡.{ unallIlIillg- i'nti'usciy t-ait u'cr hi!I a'td va)c, !.IlIIgliug it-i odour with the gale 'J hat f:t.n. the spring-tide's glo. iog breast, And in its varied beauties drcst,— Ur.nku the garden flower That. DushM ro'jnd Bciinda'a bower. Whoae b'.auty trid whose fragrttnce too Are shed hut for a ,riven fc\v,— For all alike the wil.) fl )tvi,r groW! yico na the bru<'zc that round it And unreservedly invites Atl to pa<'t:i.ku of its delights; What, t.lOugh no (jntturud afjit an''mid lt.i scanty earth ca:t bu fuund — Utiot)ierved-tintliou,Ii of-.iiin,,Iit(-d- Tt'a'nplcd PO tertuot and bligii:t;,I- ()i)! still tj nit: tins fartti wuutd seem A darkened sphere without a bc:tf)), JJ)d tiot, the wtid flowers' beatiUHS bto\ And outhcvHtd.tut b udscape tiuow— Their rich afjd v:tri':d tints ot !i,:ht, t'o teach the heart and cheer sig;n. Who, as their chitdhuoJ iiiHnd by, E'er griet had stirred a tear ur Wheu ptcasiag dreams the hours beguiled And their youug heart!' were undented— AVho cd)i forget .t8 stroking throllgh Those meads t%iiere lovely wild NowtTs grew, The guileless juY) the eager xest Those duwers iuspircd in chtidhood'a breast. I would, when time with me &ha)i ceme, AVhen )'jW 1'tja laid at rest aud peace— lvhtii tife'a tcfmestuous voyage is o'er, And this trail heart a'iaii beat no more—. I wontd that Wttd Mowers o'er me bloom, Shedding their fragrance round my tomh.

A(.rJRIC ULT URE. .r- ,r_ REVIEW OF THE BRITISH CORN TRADE DURING THR PAST WEEK. (Pi'om the J!íuk Lane E.cpress,) "I" 1.1 I I oetdom uas me corn traue ueen m so excited a state as during tIie past week while the previous apathy has but served to make this alteration yet more re- markable. The unproveuient in prices notlce.ibte for a short time past has been more than confirmed In fact, a range of higher rates would seem to be again established, with the business very much in the hands of the producers. Considering the threat- ening aspect of the continent of late, It Is extraordin- ary to note the preparation that had been made for wnat has now occurred, i he rmHers and buyers meet a declaration of war by one of the greatest military powers in Europe with comparatively little stock OR hand, an 1 the oportunity of buying in at low prices has completely passed away. Thepast week was remarkable tor the extraordinary changes hi the weather. It commenced with more rain, ibi- lowed by a cloudy warm day, then a bitter wmd- storfn of great seventy, andnnailyit was rainy and cold. All these transactions have, however, been passed without much injury to the growing corn, which still looks healthy and vigorous, and there is more danger on the score of thick planting than of any deueiency in the rows. The critical aspect ot politics, and commencement of war in Europe, have brought a perfect change over the corn trade. Wheat which had been previously depressed, has of course been chiefly influenced, the average advance through the country being fully 3s per quarter. The continuance ot' an upward movement may bting on a temporary reaction, but it is not prob- able that the lat'j low values will be again current. Stocks are now getting into nruier hands. An ex- tra large consumption has been reducing the over- abundance in store, and a steady foreign demand for countnes which generally grow enough for ex- port, has turned the tables, and put weekly supplies more In the power of growers. This, too Is not- withstanding the heavy foreign importations that have followed upon good crops. The sales noted last week were 11G,16H quarters wheat, at 41s 4d per quarter, against 96,Slo quarters for the same pe- riod bst year. The London averages were 4Js. Gd on 2,5S8 quarters. The imports into the prin- cipai ports ct Great Untam ior tue week ending 20Lh April, in wheat and ilour, were 52,584 quar- ters. FOREIGN.—The Paris flour market, though it has been on the advance Las not kept pace with London, the improvements scarcely exceeding 8f or 3f per 157 kites., the quotations having ranged from 42f to 48f per 157 kites, (27s 6d to 31s Gd per 2891b Engtish). A great (jbal of rain aud cotd has been experienced at, Berlin. The best wheat was quoted 49s. Oats were rather improved, 18s being paid. Dantzic and Stettin 'vere both amnittted, with arise in wheat of Is to 2s per qr. A considerable business has taken place at Odessa, about 21,000 qra wheat and 900 qrs oats having been disposed of, the wheat ranging from 31s to 38s., and the cats at 15s Gd to 15s 9d., for June delivery; good sales also of maize had ensued at 21s Cd., and rye at 19s. Gd 4,000 qrs barley at 15s Ud to lüs, 'The stock of wheat was about 280,000 qrs..barley 35,000 (Irs, and oats tritUng. At Taganrog there had been a good business in Ghirkn wheat, at, 33s., and for June delivery at 31s Gd pr quarter. At Leghorn prices were looking up froia the scarcity of stocks and the smaUness of suppMes. Low quality Odessa Ghir'M wheat had sold in quantities at 4;3" (!d per quarter, deliverable In June, and good nativn wheat at 51s. The New York market had somewhat improved: Canada Hour to 7 dot 43c. per barrel (309 5d); good and choice Ohio, 6 dol 70c to 7 dot 50c (27a 7d to 30s 10); extra Genessc, 8 dol. (32s lid); Mis- souri, 9 dol. (37s.)

THE MtSLEAOtKG JOUIL-AL. -lVe feir it will be poor consolatiftn to the merchants who have been broken and the families who have been beggared by the panic which has raged since Wednesday morning to learn that they have been the victims of a stupendous imposture, and that after all there was no reas'm why they should be ruined. If terrifying mis-statements' ara to supply the place of reason in the formation of public opinion, and men's estates are to be knocked down by the thousand merely to prove that one despot is cleaner handed thaa another, wo can only strenuously protest against such a mode ot political controversy. No such treaties exist as the y/MM described yesterday. It is not true that "Russia has bound herself, in the event of France being nt war with Austria, to assist Franco bv the co-operation of her Hoots in the Baltic and the Mediterranean," it is not true that any heaty secures "that, incase Austria should invade Sardinia, Russia shall declare war against her within fifteen days of her violation of the I'iedmontese soit." So far n-otr. having formed combinations With Russsia, which may affect the Rhine and the Bosphcrus, the French Emperor has not been able to obtain, even if he has sought, the co-operation of Alexander II. on the Po. Many Englishmen, we suspect, would bear witk intense satisfaction tliat Russia, had engaged to declare war against Austria within fifteen days of her violation of the Picdmontese soil," but unfortunatelyt it is not true.—7)a;7y JVcM- HOWEXGLANDMAY BE INVIGLED.-The laws that regulate the conduct of neutrals towards belligerents are extremely complicated, especially In relation to the car- riage oi war material. It is more th<m likely that, SOfBC day, in the Mediterranean, one of our ships will be boarded by a phip of one of the belligerents, on charge of having arms, ammunition, or war stores for the use of the enemy. The suspicion may prove to be unfound- ed, but it will sunicc to set us in fhme. Forthwith the Ministry of the hour will be charged by the Opposition with neglecting the honour of the country if they do nOt tesent the insulr. Oppositions never care for consequen- ces they woutd plunge into war, or anything eke, If thereby they could eject the party holding onice and put themselves in their ptaces. A year will not elapse witti- out some such iBi8a&veniuregiY)ng occasion for a quar- ret and plunging us into the stl'uggle.-Law Times, LoRDPALMERSToNONToB WAR.—Lord Palmcrstoo, at a banquet given to him at Tiverton, said: "I cannot help ft'ehng M'mc regret, on comparing a former perIOd witbl the pteaent, to think that whereas at that tioe there existed a strongty cemented alliance between EnS' land and France, now we have too much reason to bo- Iievc that the scene is changed and that the strong alli- ance which has been cemented is an. alliance between France aad Russia. 'I he dinerence, gendemea, is this —that the alliance of England and France was thesyc!' b(,1 0f peace with Europe; it was an alliance founded up* on interests which could only be in common when they were directly for the common good; whtie an alliance between Husaia tnd Franco—such an alliance as we have been led to believe exists between those countries —M an alliance, I am afraid, that can on)y bo founded upon the principles and the objects of aggression UPQIJ. ether powe."