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A N A I t ROW GAUGE RAILWAY…

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A N A I t ROW GAUGE RAILWAY LET WE EN WREXH AM AND MINER A. 1 ('t 1. £ fj. i"jie S hrew.-bui-y and ( hestt-r line, now I r;at Kail way, pa-sing "ver the mid-portion tjN'L Wtiles co;d hdd pat Ruabonand Wrexham, gave tit,, on the ri,ute a 1)(-lwer- c: tl impulse. In former days the consumption of the Various products was limited to haulage t and h?at which, it seemed, kept the trades within short r-npas<. Works were on a ?zriiall aT!Cl there '• "ai!d! an impression about the capabilities of the round to the etfect that no commodities could be or manufactured in sufficient quantities to U'C.'iip tile money provided to extend theio. The (if the railway altered t'us state of things. New and enlarged markets became reachable on all j -Mrs, infusing new life into every industry, and 1. >?:?fitin' capital and labour together. Of course in the markets of the world there is rivalry and sitarp competition, so there must be constant watchfulness to fillll new sources of consumption or new fields of supply to .support, as it were, the equilibrium in trades. The general public would diminish and towns be dis- solved if it were not so. The balance is. however, sometimes on one side of the law of supply and demand, and then on the other, and this arrangement I^ keeps commercial activity always on the alert. I Erectly after the trunk line was made pa-t Wrex- ham a mineral br.uich was opened by way of Wlie-it- -heaf to accommodate Brymbo, W estminster. and Vivin Collieries, and the Minera Lead Mines. This movement oj>ened the door of prosperity to these Works by enabling them to compete, with a large measure of success, in the markets of Birkenhead and Liverpool with their more privileged neighbours from and St. Helen's. This branch line also made the lim.-stone available in Minera, causing to rise there (in of the largest manufactories for lime in the whole c untry. The exigencies of the coal trade in a few y-ars required greater accommodation and a less! cumbrous road than the one adopted at first. l- nder these circumstances a second branch was made past j the Union Workhouse and up the South Sea Valley, j whereby the hea\iiy freighted trains come sooner on the main line. This branch passes through the heart of the coal population—a people who enjoy a j run to Wrexham two or three times a week for recreation, and one wonders who can blame them. Contact with town life must have influence for good upon country people. The town has several resources for edification and amusement—to wit. X atural Science meetings, free library and reading rooms, popular lectures for the people, high-class and yet cheap concerts, cricket, and other athletic sports. While the young men go for these things the seniors go to, It. It was partly promised that this second or,-inch line would be adapted to run passenger trains, hut the expectations of the district in this respect have rot been realised up to the present time, save only a train one way per week, late on Saturday night, to take the last batch of the market people home with their week's supplies. This little concession may show a leaning to support a local passenger business, but it is supposed that they cannot concede more in this direction owing to the extensive coal traffic absorbing all the room. There may be another reason. The cramped condition of Wrexham station may be an obstacle in the way of bringing the outlet of another line into the place and if the South Sea branch adopted a daily passenger traffic there would of necessity be required a new siding for the purpose. If the things be so it is unusual for the Great Western Railway to keep back at so small a matter. Any way, something prevents the opening of the line f i- pasr-t-ngors. Such being the case a project is set ii foot to .-n;>ply accommodation from another source. References have been made already to show how rail- j ways pioneer extensions in trade. The proposal is to construct a narrow gauge railway, which will at the same tune open fields for new industries in the district. The line will be in harmony with the Great Western Railway, because it will act as a feeder for it, and not in opposition. The follow- ing remarks will explain the scheme ;-In the first place let us glance at the public cars which ply be- tween the mining districts and the town of Wrexham, On Saturday 2<J of these traps come in Thursday bring the same number Friday and Wednesday 12 each on Tuesday 14 and Monday 13. They are estimated to carry ten passengers a piece, and some- times two or three journeys are made in a day. In single file there might be no less than 150 engagements run in a week. A lor.g array of private vehicles also come from tiie same neighbourhoods. These figures disclose the fact that a large proportion of the popula- tion is moving about for business or pleasure, or both, every dav. A railway would treble the number of j>ssoni-,rcr.s pvi* wool-c in less than twelve months. The narrow gauge will start from the field west of the railway bridge at Wrexham station, and strike past the House of Industry, follow the course of the brook, and at a convenient site mount over the sidings of the South Sea branch, and keep on the west side until it comes near liroughton farm, at which place it is pro- posed to branch off a length of two miles or so to accommodate Poolmouth, Moss, Cerney, Brymbo, Sunimerhill, and the hamlets adjoining, one station C) tion being planted at the public road near Broughton, and another at the terminus of the branch in Brymbo. The main route will continue forward from Broughton, pass near to Glanrafon, and land by an S curve on the fiat land in the vicinity of Tyn-y-Coed, where a station would be placed for Adwy. From here the line will go by an easy gradient past Talwrn Colliery, connecting that old establishment with the route as conveniently as possible for the sake of the country beyond, which has been trading with those works for many years. Leaving Talwrn it will proceed to the Twenty Houses, where will be erected a first-class station for the service of Minera, Coedpoeth, and the Nant on one side, Geginddu and Penrhos on the other. Thence the line will go forward, passing at the Lack of the Miners' Arms, go right up the valley, and sweep round the Bwlchgwyn headland into the higher part of Nant-y-Ffrith, where a station will be placed for Bwlchgwyn village, Tentresaeson, the upper end of Minera, and the district round Rhydtalog. The line will pass on to the Four Crosses, at which place it is proposed to throw out a branch for a distance of two miles or so over some cheap mountain land, with moderate gradients, for the purpose of working a particularly valuable limestone, situate in lands be- longing to Sir W. W. Wynn, Bart. It has been pioved for lime, and only wants access to the market to become a favorite, because of its superior quality and to say it will be able to stand the strain of rivalry with the very successful Minera Lime Works is one of the best recommendations in its favor. Out of this latter branch will go out a length for about a mile to, serve the Park Mine. A word may not be out of place here with respect to this mine. Extensive operations have been nromoted here without interrup- Hott f w?ll nigh 10 years, spending a massive fortune In dt-?\l';)Ingthe ground. The works have a t last reached a position which may be regarded as the key to thu ore-bearing points in the sett, and the venture I- placed on a safe basis for the future. This is an instance cf mining under oppressive difficulties, depressed markets not being the worst. The com- pany d?orvcd well, and it is the ardent wish of the whole country that their herculean efforts may be rewarded with returns at no distant day in an ample manner. It is pleasing to note the prospects are brighter than at any former time. An instance may 1 e quoted in this place of the benefit of railway communication. The Park Mine paytis per ton for carting their coal from the pits, while the Minera Railway carries coal to the Minera Mines for a rate of ts per ton and 6d waggon hire. Again the one company pay 2s 9d per ten for the cartage oE their ore to the railway siding, whereas the other saves this item, because the railway comes to the door of its ore bin. Coming Lack to the Four Crosses, the main line will run on the north side of the turnpike road, skirting Mynydd Bychan, a mountain if you like of siliceous sand, bend to the Crown Inn, and make for the village of Llan- where it will terminate at present. The works will he arranged for extension into the Vale of < 'Iwyd as increased traffic and the wants of I the country may call for it. Besides the cases adverted to the line will render other sources a vaHable. The Sand in Mynydd Bychan is the same sort as that which is quarried at Llanarmon, carted to the railway at Treiddyn, and conveyed to St. Helen's. The Mynydd Bychan formation will quarry cheaply, and a railway passing over the premises would very soon link it with the Lancashire Gasworks. Not long ago .tsw(,r k s. t loii- tL-0 a commissioner came round to search for this material, and said he could find a market for many hundred tons per week if there were facilities to take it away. The iron ore in the Nant-y-Garth, about a mile out- side Llandegla, is another industry. The ore is good quality, and a start was made to work it a few years ago, but abandoned on account of excessive haulage. Improved accommodation will, no doubt, realise a busy traffic with the ironworks at Ffrwd, Brymbo, rnd lluabon. The Tdanarmon Mines are another source at present this name may be objected to as a misnomer, but if the circumstances of the place be considered the appellation will be found to be appro- priate. Operation s are carried on there only on a small scale, not through lack of productive lodes, but entirely because there has been no chance hitherto to get fuel for pumping machinery at any reasonable rate. The idea never gained access into the heads of miners to bring coal up there in carts, the futility of the practice was too apparent. With a railway run- ning near the place it would be turned into a hive of industry more encouraging still the prospects would be, seeing that the mines will be wet and deep, if a place were found in any of the valleys adjacent, or even at some distance off, where an adit may be launched out for the purpose of draining the whole field by gravitation. Economy must be a feature in the conduct of future mining, more so, perhaps, than at present, and whatever can reduce cost, mechanical or manual, must be adopted as the first requisite. Turning for a moment to points of natural beauty, it may be said Bwlchgwyn, Minera, andNant-y- Ffrith will be scenes for pleasurable excursions from Wrexham in the summer season, and few railways can liriiik-r "industry" and Nature into such close proximity without letting the one suffer from what is sometimes called the detilement of the other. A day spent in visiting these places would afford profit as well as holiday enjoyment any time. The famous lead mine, limestone quarries, and limeworks in Minera will supply studies for the miner, geologist, and who have special taste for 1 i ,r.nA wifVimifr "tint TllP hpifrhts ninuscape can ue «jriiuuieu -f C ICZ, %Vyn will give the visitors command of noble views of the Welsh hills, and also a vast extent of country spread oiit t, a picture before them, The Nant-y-Ffrith gorge, which is called one (,f the most unique ravines in tlie kingdom, is likewise within sight, and on one side of it rises Hope Mountain to a considerable height, which also commands a lovely and extensive prospect, a natural panorama of the country, if Y( -I) will, once seen never to he forgotten. r ,I u ui-s are mentioned to support tne view mat the little railway will be a busv rendezvous for excursionists. After this little digression attention must be given again to Ibily traffic. Another source is Craig-y-Corn, on the iiwlchgwvn promonitory. This is a rock con- taining a large percentage of flint, where the stone is prepared for load-metals, which competes effectually with every other where it has been tried. The ca?cit)?f the is unlimited, butth. st.nehas not reached the rc?u?r centres of thoroughfares on account of the present slow cartaSgle ter The new The new railway going- pst will not fail to ltcr th. whole tenour of the business and create a steady traffic. It is believed the proprietor is prepared to introduce a mechanical stone-breaker to meet the demand conse- quent upon improved facilities for takiiK- f,way the supplies. The traffic in c'lal ha- been mentioned only in connection with Talwin ( oliiery, and it may be -tatcd that there is no intention to divert any coal save the portion that will be required in the country, westward", where the standard gauge is not prepared! to "0. Th", line ii. however, projected to sen-e Gates Wen and l'las Power Collieries as well, because ultimately the Welsh coal must go from these pits into the Vale of Clwvd markets, where it is fully be- lieved it can be put at a cheaper figure, because shorter freightage, than from any other place. If the vale had been a manufacturing centre the engineering difficulty with expensive works (In the standard gauge would not have stood in the way of connecting Wrexham with it long since, but it is not so fitted rather its distinction is bound up with agriculture, and one may see even in this qualification something to stimulate the construction of a narrow gaue lin" hetween the two places, because such a line is practicable over the hills, and will fully supply the much needed facilities for extensive farming produce owing to an acceptable market. Passing with a simple allusion the matter of cheap fuel for lime burning, which will conduce to the improvement of much land on the hills, two things may be mentioned in connection with the above view of the subject—namely, the barley grown in the Vale of Clwvd and the fairs held in Wrexham. Of these fairs two are held in each month, and it is noteable what large bodies of live stock come over Llandegla and Bwlchgwyn on these occasions, so that these busy periods would form a considerable item in the traffic roll. Wrexham, again, is a great mart for barley, and most if not all the grain finds it way there out of the Vale of Clwyd. On many other occasions the new line would become a busy thoroughfare by a short cut' to Wrexham and Chester. These things point to what may be done if the line were made through, but at present the proposal is to make the terminus at Llandegla. The total length is If) miles, including branches, and the estimated cost about £OOO per mile. The existing traffic in the dis- trict will yield at least S10 per mile per week of gross receipts throughout the year. This low return might discourage at first sight, but it must be considered how the Vale of Llangollen Railway stood when it started its career on an estimated return of £20 per mile per week, and the cost of making it was at the rate of ko000 per mile. Then there is the constant encouragement how quickly recuperative forces show themselves in public traffic on the lines of railway. „ _i • .1 i? .1.1- jjooKing on une proporfea line as a wnole, unere are < no engineering difficulties in the way. The heavy, parts will be the bridge over the sidings at Croes- ) newydd, the S curve at South Sea, and the sweep past Bwlchgwyn. None of these are obstinate, while practical gradients can be obtained in all cases. I According to the foregoing remarks the sources of traffic will embrace passenger, coal, limestone, lime, iron ore, sand, metalling stone, some live stock, and farm produce and these will be found in ample pro- portions to mark the enterprise as a profitable invest- ment, and justify the line. On the question of land it is expected that Mr FitzHugh, who is one of the largest owners, will not object to the line, because of the benefit it will confer on the neighbourhood by the improved means of travelling, and by the stimulus it will give to several new sources of industry now lying dormant through lack of communication with acknowledged markets. Will the district respond? Chester, July 28th. J. HUMPHREYS.

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