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REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. I
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REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. I One of the notices of motion given on Tuesday night, was, by Sir Fitzroy Kelly; who, on Tuesday, the 28th inst., will bring forward a resolution to ',he following ef- feet Tli:it in any futuro review of the indirect taxa- ation of the country, this house should take into its con- sideration the duty ou malt, with a view to its early re- daction, and ultimate repeal. We wish the member for West Suffolk lUay carry his resolution. The tax on malt ii, niow that U protection" has been abolished, and so miny excise and customs duties repealed, a most unjust one. In his earlier days, the present Earlltussell de- clared, that if he were prime minister when protection Was removed, be would immediately move for the repeal of the malt tax." Mr. Cobden an(I Villiers,-wlien the contest for the abolition of the Corn Laws was going on, ileclared that the maintenance of that tax would be ncnmpatihle with free trade- Yet we have had pvotec- ion abolished, alill free trade established, for nearly 20 years, an I the oppressive impost still remains those who once denounced it so heartily, having repeatedly Toted for its continuance. But will Mr. Gladstone have a surplus and be able to propose a reduction of taxation ? We have thought not; and have commuuicated our opinion to our readers. That opinion was formed on the Treasury Returns of Receipts and Expenditure, published at the termination of every quarter; and which ouyht to be,-if not exactly correct as to a few pounds, -certainly not wrong aa to millions. Those accounts for the last year, shew an excess of ex- penditure over income of several millions. Every three months, deficiency bills had to he issue 1' and for the last 12 months, according to those returns, the deficiency has been very little, if nt all, less that. FIVE MILLIONS of pounds sterling, This being an undoubted fact, which anybody can verify by a reference to the published re- turns, we were surprised to find in the Gazette, of Tues- day evening, a notice setting fnrth, that the Lords Com- missioner,g of her Majesty's Treasury had certified t) the Commissioners for the reduction of the National Debt, "that the actual surplus revenue of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, beyond the actual expen- diture thereof, for the year ended the 30th day of Sep- tember, IRC)4, amounted to the sum of £ 2,587,571 Is. lid No doubt this is the correct state of the income anil out-goings of the nation, as the Commissioners wiU apply one-fourth of that sum, ;Cti4(i,892 15s. M.,between Jitii. 6 and March 31, to the redudion of the national debt. This being the ca,e,-we wish to know of what possible use are the Quaiterly Treasury Accounts? The drawing up of those accounts, and the printing of them, en- tail, every year, a great expense on the country, and yet it turusout that they are practically worthless, an,1 not to be depended upon. Surely this is a matter which calls for, aud demands reform.
DENBIGH. I
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DENBIGH. BAD GAS.—PUBLIC MEETING. The in compliance with a requisition, very nu- nuiueiously signed, convened a public meeting at the Ma- gi,.itrates'R,),)iii on Moiid;ty evening last, "for the purpose of taking into consideration the present supply of gas m Denbigh" and to adopt snch measures for improving the same as may appear expedient." The meeting was at- tended by the bitik (of the gas consumers in the town. The JIlA YO II, who presided, having read the requisition, said the object of the meeting was of a very important nature, and iuvited any gentleman present to express his views upon it \:R. M. SM.ITH, railway manager, rose and sai.d—As my name is amongst the first on the requisition, and as I have never signed a requisition to the Mayor calling for a public meeting without having an object in view, per- haps it will not be out of place for me to explain why I iiigiie(I it (Iteitr, hear.) The complaint against the gas of this town is not toy any means a new thing. Individual- ly—tor nivself and the Hailway-l may say that I have been complaining against it for more than two years I hold iu my hand a copy of a letter dated 21st of Oct. 1862 addressed to the Town Clerk as Secretary of the (Jas Company, and with your permission, Mr. Mayor, I will read it to the meeting VALE or CLWYD RAILWAY, Secretary's Office, Denbigh, Oct. 21st, 1862. GAS. Dear Sir,—On behalf of this Company, and on my own behalf, I have to complain of the very bad quality of the gas supplied here and at my house. I have, oil more than one occasion, complained to Mr. ttichardson but have had no satisfactory explanation, and I feel cer- tain that none can be given. I beg therefore, through you, to can the attention of the Gas Company to the subject. ■ It would be useless to enter at all fuliv irto the question of ttie badness of the Gas and it ,fects upon the fittings and the rooms where it is use since the whole town is complaining loudly against i and as you know, this Company pay 6s. 3d. and I pa/ 7s. 6d. per thousand feet—high prices surely, and I understand the concern is paying the Shareholders a large dividend. nder these circumstances, I ISlIbmit., we cannot be ex- pected to take any stuff your agent or contractor may tind it his iiiter-st to supply. The charging of the prices named for the article given may fairly be spoken of in no very complimentary terms, in fact, we are paying for what we do not get. I beg you will bring this before the Board as early as you can, and favour me with an official reply. Yours truly, "(Signed). M. SMITH. R. Williams, Esq., See., Gas Company, Vale Street." Mr SMITH continued—I have since that time com- plained to the Town Clerk and to the Directors on se- veral occasions, not only of the bad quality of the gas, but, as remarked in the letter, of the high price charged for it, and of the corrosive effect it has on the fittings. Now in order to take up the question where this letter leaves it off, I propose to-night—not to deal with it in any vague sense whatever,—to shew to what extent we are over-charged for it. 1 shall refer to some papers, therefore I require a little patience, but it is worth your while to exercise it, as I shall pitt a stop to any cavil on the subject. (Hear, bear.) I have obtained the prices of gas at different towns, but in order to have a fair comparison, I will only instance the neighbouring town of Ruthin. I speak positively, having made minute en- quiry into the subjec' In Ruthin 5,000 cubic feet of gas will cost 7s. 6d. per thousand feet, or say £1178. 611. per quarter. In Denbigh the gas is charged at tis. 8d. per thousand feet, but we must consume 8,500 feet to obtain the same li.-ht. as in Ruthin, with 5,000 feet, and that will cost us t2 16a. 8d. per quarter against Xl 17s. 6d. in Ruthin, The article supplied to us is adulterated or depreciated 70 per cent, We are paying 10a. in the pound move for our gas than they are at ltuthin. This is attributable not to the prices charged but to the bad- ness of the quality supplied I have had it tested in Uuthin and Denbigh, and I find the Rutbin gas is 71) per cent, superior to ours in illuminating power. When I have complained of our gas, the answer has been It is the fault of the lessee." Now, I think we ought to give some consideration as to what is the position of the Company in this matter. The works are let to Mr. Richardson, who pays the shareholders I believe about H per cent. dividend, and the consumers are left in his hands to make what lie can out of them. I think my- self that isati arrangement to give us the worst article for the very highest price. (Cheers.) I am not going to make an attack upon the Directors they are a most respectable body of gentlemen, and I have every confi- dence they will do their utmost, when they find out these public complaints, to satisfy their townsmen. (Hear, hear.) But I will say that there ought to be some strict covenants in the (eaae binding Mr. Richard- son to supply us with a proper article for our money, and to prevent us from being ch eated. I use a very strong term, but I use it deliberately. (Hear, hear.) It is folly to continue a system of petti-fogging with a lessee. (Cheers). The consumers will never get justice, and in the end the Company will suffer when they have to take the works into their own hands. Mr. Smith gave an instance of this in another town, and concluded his observations by proposing the following resoltitioti This meeting desires to convey to the Directors of the Gas Company its decided opinion that taking into consideration the quality of the _as supplied, the present rates of chirgt* are grossly unfair to the consumer; and wH e disclaiming all desire to advise the Company, this meeting submiu that the present system of management, by leaving the consumers and the public in the hands of the leasee, is calculated to lead to the supplying of the worst article at the highest* price, while the pro tits ob- tained do not even go to the shareholders "f the Com- pany." Mr. JOYCE, watchmaker, seconded the resolution. Mr. I I EN KY DAVIKS. stationer, quoted a high authority on the manufacture of gas, shewing that gas could be produced ac five-pence per 1000 cubic feet, and under the most bungling system, with the highest possible price for coal, it could be made at 3s. Od, per 1000 cubic feet. At the suggestion of Mr. SHKAP, The TOWN"CLKIIK, on behalf of the Gas Company, begged to assure the meeting that it was the earnest de- s re of the Directors to supply giK> l gas to the town. (Hear, hear.) And according to the lease, the lessee was bound to supply a good article. ( Hear, hear.) He was sony t) be obliged to admit that the present supply of gas was of a very inferior kind. The directors had been urgent on Mr. Kichardson to get better gas; inferior kind of coal had been used, which was the cause of the gas being so dull and so heavy. He happened to took at Mr. Roberts s (the gas manager) book recently, and found that they were using very inferior coal. The gas had been a matter of very serious concern to the Direc- tors, all,1 it was their determination to alter the present state of things; unless they could get Mr.Richardson to supply good gas, they would take the works from his hands and place them under more satisfactory manage- ment. (Cheers.) Mr. Smith had a little over-stated the dividend of the Company; 7 per cent, was the h glie,t profit ever obtained from the works. Their capi- td w.?s £ 0,000, and Mr. Hichardson at one time offered to give 10'per cent, on the capitaL In his opinion he I ottered.too much and still he believed Mr. Richardson was paving more than he could properly afford, which, he imagined, accounted for'the inferior gas supplied. The Directors did not tie him dnwn-on the contrary, he held the lease under terms of hisown proposal. The re- solution before the meeting was a very important one, and he felt sure the Directors would immediately give it their consideration with a view of bringing atfairs to a sitisfactory state. (Applause.) Mr. H. DAVIES S; iiA he believed the Town Clerk was perfectly correct in reference to what he had said re- garding the capital and profits of the Company, but be should like to know whether the i-6>000 was the actual cost of the shares, or whether they were constituting an accumulated capitd. The profits might (if he could only see the books), be larger than represented to the public, —a portion of them being kept as a reserve fuud. (Laughter). The TOWN CLERK thought Mr. Davies had no ri^ ght to make those observations. He had given the meeting a fair statement of the profits realized by the Com- j pany. inir. UNDERWOOD observed that they had not met to inquire into the profits of the Company. They wanted goud gas for a reasonable price. (Hear, hear)-. Mr SMITH said he particularly 'avoided iiiterfering with the Company's profits but what he complained of was, th t after the shareholders getting their 7 per cent., Mr 1 ic lardson was left to secure as much profits as possible for himself from the consumers, who were thus compelled to pay large profits to the lessee and the lessors. Mr. Joiiv ROBERTS, clothier, spoke against the &liding-scale of charges, and advocated an uniform rate Oil all consumers. Mr. DANII, WILLIAMS, grocer, supported Mr. Ro- bert,i' views. Mr. SMITH—At Ruthin every body is charged the same. Mr. ATKINS, provision dealer-Bd gas travels at a quicker rate than good stuff. (Laughter). What I say is quite true; and if I told you all that was told to me the other day, about (Jas, why it would make your hair stand on ends. (Laughter.) The KECTOII wished to know if there was a maximum table of charges in the lease, or whether Mr. Richard- son was allowed to charge for the gas justas he thought proper. The TOWN CLERK—Mr. Itichardson agreed to pay us so much for the Works, and we have no authority at present to interfere with his charges Mr. Smith's motion was then unanimously carried. Mr. PREECE, N. P. Bank, proposed that a committee of a few practical persons lie appointed to confer with the Directors of the Gas Works, with the view of giving expression to the opinions of this meeting, and to advUe with them to carry out such measures as would effec- tually remove the evil now complained of respecting the quality and quantity of the gas. Air. SMITH seconded the proposal, and it was carried nem. con. Mr. Smith, Mr. Preece, Mr. Sheaf, Mr. Jones, iron- monger, Alr Lunt, draper, and Mr. Morgan, were re- quested to act on the Committee. Mr. H. DAVIES also proposed as a resolution to be presented to the Directors, "That this meeting is of opinion that the prices at present charged for gas are v.'ry excessive, and the mode of charging different rates unfair." The resolution was seconded and carried with accla- mation. The KGCTOU said that the supply of gas was so scarce in Church, that the congregation had been left sudden- ly in darkness on several occasions, which caused a dis- continuance of the services. A conversation etistie(I on the lighting of the streets, Mr. MOHIUS, printer, taking the leading part; in fact, the whole system of gas lighting in the town was tho- roughly condemned. A vote of thanks to the Mayor for presiding was car- ried amid loud applause. The MAYOR, who is one of the Gas Directors, acknow- ledged the compliment, and prumised his inflnenee in fa- vour of having a capital supply tof Gas at the lowest pos- sible rates. (Cheers). A cordial vote of thanks was likewise given to Mr. Smith, for his valuable service in drawing public atten- tion to the bad management of the Gas Works. TOWN COUNCIL. _I A quarterly meeting of the Town Council was held in the Town Hall ou .\ionday, 6th inst. Present:—The Mayor, the ex-Mayor, Dr. Pierce, Dr. Hughes, J. C. W. Kdwards, Kit)., R. Owen, Esq., Messrs. W. Parry, J. Story, E. Davies, 11. Foulkes, draper, and R. Foulkes, Graig. The Inspector of Nuisances reported that Alr. Barl-er, Ra'ilway Tavern, Usui removed the manure heap from the lii.'ll road, near Plas 1'igott; and that Mr. Evans, of Maisycued, lnd satisfactorily carried out the improve- ments necessary in the drainage of Fron Terrace. The Inspector also reported that great improvements had been made under the Railway Bridge in Vale-street. It having been represented to the Council that there are several old drains in the town, the situation of which are not exactly known, the Town Clerk was in- structed to make inquiries into the subject, and report upon the sartie at next meeting. The Fire Engine.—The Town Clerk stated that about £100 was deposited in the Bank towards purchasing a Fire Engine for the town and £ 33 more was promised. The sum required was £150. Instructions were given for the Fire Engine Commit- tee to meet at an early day, to take steps to purchase the enginewithoutdeiay. Alteration of the Assembly Rooms.-Ilr. 111, Smith, V.C. It., attended on behalf of the Free Reading Room Committee, and wished the Council to make such alter- ations in the Assembly Room, as would better adapt it for holding cpucerts and other public entertainments. The subject was favourably received, and the Mayor kindly offered his services to draw the plans of the al- teration. Ou the motion of Dr. Turnour, it was unanimously resoIAjd that the Mayer's services be gratefully accepted, and a Committee wasformed to report atthe next meet- ing the probable cost of the undertaking.
I OPENING OF PARLIAMENT. I
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OPENING OF PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LO[TDS. -TUESDAY. The seventh session of the present Parliament w?s I opencd at two o'clock on Tuesday afternoon by royal j co[nmi?U)U. The commissioners were the Lord Cil.;t;?. cellor, the Duke of Somerset, the Earl uf St. berrnains, Lord Stanley of Alderley, and Lord Sydney. The pro- ceedings excited very little interest A buot a dozen peers were in attendance, and there were very few strangers, chiefly ladies present. The House of Commons having been summoned. THE Lord CHANCELLOR read j THE QUEEN'S SPEECH. MY LORDS.AND GENTLEMEN, We are commanded to assure yon that her Majesty has great satisfaction in recurring again to the advice and assistance of her Parliament. The negotiations in which the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prns?iawereengagedwith the King (?i Denmark werHbroughttoaconbhisionby a treaty ::fI lieZLCe, ati(I the communications which her Majesty re- ceivi*s from foreign powers lead her to entertain a well- foiin \<i ) hope that no renewed disturbance of the peace of ru £ >p« is to be apprehended. The civil wnr in North America still unhappily con- tiuue-j. Her Majesty remains stedtastly neutral between the c intending parties, and would rejoice at a friendly reconciliation between thern. Tne Japanese JJaimio, in rebellion against his Sove- i,e'g i, ii)fi-iiigeti the rights accoroed by treaty to Great H it tin and to certain other powers, and the Japanese Government having failecl to compel him to desist from his lawless proceedings, the diplomatic agents and the naval c nnmandeiS of Great Britain, France, the Nether- lands, and the United States of North America, under- took it. comlliJHd operation for the purpose of asserting the rights which their respective governments have ob- tained by treaty. The operation ha, been attended with complete success, and the result has afforded security for foreign commerce and additional strength tn the Government of Japan, with which the relations of her Majesty are friendly. Papers on this subject will be laid before VOlt. I i er Majesty regrets that the conflict with some of the native tribes in New Zealand has not yet been brought to a close, but the successful efforts of her Majesty's r,?gtilai- l?)- those raised in the colony, have iedto the submission of some of the insurgents, and those who are still in arms have been informed of the equitable conditions on which their submission would be accepted. Her Majesty has had great satisfaction in giving her sanctioIl to the 10Reting of a conferHllce uf delegates from her several North American provinces, who, on an invitation from her Majesty's Governor-General, as- sembled at Quebec. These delegates adopted resolutions having for their object a closer union of those provinces nnder a central government. If those resolutions shall he approved by the proviueiallegistature., a bm will be laid before you for carrying this important measure into effect. II" Majesty rejoices at the g-eneral tranqllillity of her Indian dominions, but her Majesty regrets that lon- nontinnedoutragesonthe persons and property of sub- jects of her Majesty, and for which no redress could be had, have rendered it necessary to employ a force to ob, tain satisfaction for the past and security f )r the future. Iler Majesty deeply laments the calamity which has recently occasioned great loss of life and property at Calcutta ami other places in India. Prompt assistance was rendered by the officers of the Government, and generous contributions have been made in various parts of India,to relieve stilfei-itigi which have thus been oc- casioned. GHNTLEMEN OF Tin-: HOUSE OF COMMONS, Her Majesty has directed .the estimates for the ensu- ing year to be laid before you. They have been pre- pared with every attention to economy, and with due regard to the etlicieney of the public service. My LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, I Her Majesty commands us to inform you that the general condition of the country is sati"factory, and that the revenue realises its estimated amount. The distress which prevailed in some of the manu- facturing districts has greatly abated,and the act passed for the encouragement of public works in those districts has been attended with usual results. Ireland during the past year has had its share in the advantage of a good harvest, and trade and manu- factures are gradually extending in that part of the kingdom. Various measures of public usefulness will be sub- mitted for your consideration. Bills will be laid before you for the concentration of all the courts of law and equity, with their attendant offices, in a convenient site, a measure which her Ma- jesty trusts will promote economy and despatch in tile administration of justice. The important work for the revision of the statute law, already carried to a considerable extent by recent acts of Parliament, will be completed bv a bill that will be laid before you. Her Majesty hopes that this work may be a step towards the foundation of a digest of the law. Bills will also be submitted to ynur consideration for the amendment of the laws relating to patents for in- ventions, and for conferring on the county courts an equitable jurisdiction in causes of small amount. Your assistance will also be invited to give effect to certain recommendations made to the House of Com- mons, after inquiry directed by that house, into the operation of the laws rcgtthting the relief of the poor. A bill will belaid before you, founded on the report of the Commission for Inquiring into Public Schools, and her Majesty has directed that a commission shall be issued to inquire into endowed and other schools in England which have not been included in the recent in- quiries relating to popular education. Her Majesty commits with confidence the great in- terests of the country to your wisdom and care, and she fervently prays that the blessing of Almighty God may attend your councils, and may guide your deliberation to the attainment of the object of hercoustant solicitude, the. welfare and happiness of her people. The session was declared open with the usual for- malities, and the sitting was suspended. THE ADDRESS. I DISPUTES WITH AMERICA, AND THE I PROBABILITY OF WAIt. Their Lordships resumed at five o'clock. The Lord CHANCELLOR having read the Queen's speech, The Earl of CHARLEMONT, in the absence of Duke of Cleveland, owing to a domestic bereavement, moved the address in reply. He briefly reviewed the policy of Government, which he cordially approved, and expressed his gratification at the favourable character of the fureign relatiuns of the country, and the unprecedented prosperity of the trade and commerce of the United Kingdom, especially of Ireland, in spite of the influence of the war in America. Lord HOUGHTON seconded the motion. Notwith- standing the guarded language of her Majesty's speech, he Hlllst point out that the demands and the professions with which the war upon Denmark had been commenc- ed by the German powers remained to this day unful- filled. He regretted that her Mijesty could not describe the state of affairs in America in more favourable terms, but he rejoiced that the Government had observed their neutrality so rigidly that no one could allege that this country had in any way encouraged or promoted thnt deplorable contest. He also referred favourably to the progress of Italy, and the proposed confederation of the British provinces in North America, from which he trusted would spring a mighty empire. With respect to home affairs, the legislation proposed was entirely practical, but he hoped this session, unlike its prede- cessor, would show some practical results, especially with respect to the laws for the relief of the poor. After n. short pause, The Earl of DEHBY said he had hardly thought it necessary to have said anything about a speech so entire- ly innocent. It was just the speech likely to be ad- dressed by an aged minister to a moribund Parliament, whose dissolution no event could delay so that all its experienced advisers could do was to find it some gentle occupation, and take care that its dying moments were not disturbed by an unnecessary excitement,, whilst its physicians held the usual consultutions and pocketed their accustomed fees. II e believed some ardent spirits wished to try the effect of a kind of galvanic action, but he hoped that its most experienced t(lvisers-lookiiiv, at the feeble character of the patient-wonld be of opinion that such a treatment would be fatal, and that the at- tempt to infuse fresh vigour would only precipitate a crisis which the physicians themselves were by no means desirous to bring on, for they justly felt that the suc- cession, which would find ample employment to the gentlemen of the long robe, but prove the reverse of ad- vantageous to his immediate connexions. Having asked for some explanation with respect to our relations with Brazil, for which he felt the Foreign Office was chiefly to be blamed, the noble earl alluderl to our relations with America. The war still raging there could only result in one of two alternatives—either in peaceable separation or the absolute subjugation of the South. The latter termination was so repugnant to every human and generous feeling that every one would rejoice if steps could be taken to avert it, but at the same timo he was not disposed to blame the policy of Government, although he regretted that the neutrality of this country had not been received by the party whom it had un- questionably been the most advantageous, with the good will and gratitude that might have been expected. He r would not refer now to official despatches or to speeches I made for thepurpoae of gaining a temporary popularity, but to two matters—one, the notice to terminate the reciprocity treaty, and the other to put an end to the more important agreement for securing the neutrality of the Aiiieric,iii-lake.g. Itwasimpossible nottoseethatthesemea- sitres were- (lietated by a epiritof hostility of this country they woiil(l, not only entail considerable commercial toss on the Americans themselves in the hope entailiog a greater loss on the Canadians, but they would onen up questions of the most delicate character which he was old enough to remember, but which had been most happily settled by the arrangements which the Americall Government wantonly and without pi-ovoed,ion proposed to abrogate. It was absurd to suppose that the Canadians would ever meditate an attack noon Aiiieri- and the object of the latter was undoub ciiiy hoa i!e and aggressive. Her Majesty's Government would, there- fore incur a deep responsibility if they Ilitl not ,Ikt, immediate measures to secure a preponderate o: for~«- Oil the Americau lakes. Under these ••iivmmst.mrtf' he viewed with great satisfaction the p,o.iosed Confedera- tion of the BrLish provinces, which, he w,u m:e, would 4jso meet with the hearty snppo/t of this :oiin'y against a hostile and unprovoked o'^resjon. Wi»h res- pect to the state of the coUon m..nLrac».u;ii,g dis'iic^, he believed that the worot of i,he c. i is was pa>ed, and that for the future there would, v: h some flactua.ious, I,e, ;i stei(ly a(l%,iiiie,! to pi-os,)e,izy; and aLlioo^h t/ie Public Works Act had produced in gener.d £ reat good, he was afraid that, in .some ins^i.cei, ihe Poor Law Board had sanctioned wo' ls rno:e c.dcuLt:d to employ skilled I;tl)oLirt,t-i tli,tti lie foc wll;,cli tl!e relief was intend ed, in contusion, he regretted that the report of t.he public sehoM '^mimisao. o^i w,w U> be fol- lowed by legislation, for, in 1-is opinion, improvement; made voluntarily would be moie effi 'ift thau i,hode en- forced by Parliament. Earl GUANVILLK :ougra.Uilat2d i,e ho'¡:õe on the good sense aud the good humour evinced by the noble eavl opposite, and he begged also to consolidate the noble earl himself on the jus.ie which he h.id ad;fed to his already brilliant reputation du lng thereress. He de- sired only to say a few words, with respect to New Zealand. The Government believed the wux was neaily over, but the object of the Gov'eniUK- :*■. was v.o allOw the natives the superior power of iu- 'y to secure the safety of the colony, and l. nve tne i;a Ives in the possession of those rights which we' e founded on justice and humanity. The war in Lhootan had been caused by the unprovoked r.ggressio is of the Ehoounese 0:1 British subjects, and it wa.3 to hold bhe fo-i-s already taken a* a defei e fuh: *e n^eTsions. Willi respect to the notice given by the A ne ic.. i vernment Tor the termination of the •vcltmiiiity treaty and the lietxt-tliy of UuJ. h\:es, he arose from the irritation caused by "Je ..dS of the Con- federates from Caiu^.i, but there was L' d ii:n3 for negotiations with respect to the^e ma tt'S. In conclu- sion. lie congratulated their lordships on the harmony which prevailed on both does (, the hense, and the unanimous approval accorded to the policy of the U.)ven)me))t. After some remarks from ti e E: (J ? L, i'riin, Earl RCSSFLL said that he W-.J very ad at the una- nimous approval of the policy of the Go»e"ntnent., especially with respect to foreign affair*, but IJH wished to reply to two remarks of ihe noble ?n 1 oppo. jte. He denied that the rupture of diplomatic re! ? hms 'wi h the brazils was chiefly owing to the Foreigi-offiee. bub from tiie i-oftisitl of the Brazilian Government I.o institute an inquiry into the plunder of British v. Is and the murder uf British subjects, which it was bis d^ty to take up. Her Majesty's Government were wil ing to accept the good offices of the King of hoped that amicable relations would lie shortly restored. With respect to the other question, which was of a more difficult character, the noble lord opposite had not done justice to the irritation which prevailed in America. The United States expected not only that her Majesty's Government should do all that the law of nations and the municipal law «>f the country required it to do, but that it should also be able to prevent any being given to the Confederates. Her Majesty's Government had from time to time prevented war being carried on from this power against a power at peace with us, but it had been impossible to prevent acts which had natnra'ly caused g"e"t irritation in America. There had been ships fitted out in our ports, sent to a distance, and then armed, to prey on the commerce of the United States. Now he said that whilst the United States saw these things taking place, find their commerce grievously suf- feritig, it was not unnatural great irritation should pre- vail, but they ought to ask themselves if her Majesty's Government had done aU in its power according to the lalv of nations and the mtlnicipal law of the country to prevent this country being made a basis for war-like operations against them. In Canada also the Confede- rate Government hall ent agents to embroil this coun- try with the United States, to seize their shipping on the lakes, awl to liberate their prisoners of war; and it was not wonderful that the United States regarding the lakes as the possession of a sovereign power should object to see them thus made use of for hostile opera- tions. It would be greatly to be regretted if the existing arrangements were terminated, but the Unite:l States could not be expected to allow war to be carried on against them on the lakes. The Government would do all in its power to prevent nch infractions of its neu- trality, but on the other hand the United States urged most unjust complaints against this country, especially for according the character of belligerents to the Con- federates. No other course was opened fortius country, and it had been followed by all others. Whilst making allowance for the irritation which prevailed in the United States, her Majesty's Government would most scrupulously adhere to their neutrality, but would not allow claims to be pressed which were not founded upon law and justice. The address was then agreed to. Their lordships adjourned at 7.30 p.m. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—TUESDAY. THg OPENING. The Speaker took the chair shortly before two o'clock, at which hour there was an unusually large attendance of members. The only representatives of the Govern- ment, however, were Mr. Brand, Mr. Layard, aud Mr. Hugessen. At two o'clock the Usher of the Black Rod appeared at the bar, and summoned the Speaker to attend at the bar for the purpose of hearing the Commission and ltoyal Speech opening Parliament read. The Speaker, attended by a numerous body of lion, members, at once obeyed the summons, and on their re- turn the sitting was suspended. NEW MEMBERS. The house resumed at four o clock, when the follow ing new members took the oatlii and their seats :—Mr. G. aldegraxe Leslie, for l'astings, in the room of Lord H Vaue, now Duke of Cleveland; Lord Augustus liciv -y, for We-,t Stiffolk, in the r,)oiii )f L;ii-I Jermvn, now Hdi'quis of Bristol; Lord Courtenay, for Mxeter, in the room of Mr. Divett, deceased; Mr. W. Daven- port Bromley, for North Warwickshire, in the room of Air. Spooner, deceased and Mr. W. Morris, for tne Carmarthen Boroughs, in the room of Mr. D. Morris, deceased. THE LEADERS. Mr. Disraeli entered the house shortly after four and took his usual seat on the front Opposition bench. Lord Palmerston arrived at half-past four and was greeted with general cheering. VACANThEAT". On the motion of Mr. BRAND new writs were ordered for Tmlee, ill the room of the Hight Hon, 'I'. O'Hagm, who has been appointed one of the justices of the C tii. mun Pleas iu Ireland; for Cork, in the room of Dr. Lyons, who has accepted the Ciiilt-rii Hundreds; for Salford, in room of the Right lion, W. N. Massey, ap- pointed fourth ordinary member of the council of the Governor-Geueral and Viceroy of India; and for Truro, in the room of Mr. Moutagu Smith, appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas. NOTICES OP BILLS. Sir GEORGE GREY gave notice of his intention, on Monday next, to move for leave to bring in a bill to con- solidate and amend the laws relating to prisons. The ATTORNEY-GDNERAL gave notice of his intention to bring in a bill to alter and amend the course of pro- cednre in the igh Court of Chancery in Ireland. Mr. COWPER gave notice of his intention to move for leave to bring in a bill for the purchase uf a site for the erection uf courts of justice. Sir J. PAKINOTON gave notice of his intention to move for a select committee to inquire into the con- stitution and procedure of the Committee of Council on Education. Sir F. KELLY gave notice that on Tuesday, the 28th inst., he should move that, in any future remission of indirect taxation, the house would take into considera- tion the duty on malt, with a view to its early reduction and ubimete repeal. Mr. MOFFATT gave notice of his intention to move for the appointment of a committee of iuquiry into the operation of the bankruptcy act. Lord R. MONTAGU" gave notice of his intention to move for a committee to inquire into the best mode of utilising the sewage of large towns, and of preventing the pollution of rivtrs. Mr. ROEBUCK stated that at an early day he should ask the Government if it was their intention to institute an inquiry into our railway system, with a view to fur- ther legislation. Mr. SCOURFIELD gave notice of his intention to bring in a bill to award costs in certain cases to the promoters and opponents of private bills. Mr. H. BAILLIK gave notice of his intention to ask the Government on an early day, if her Majesty's ships are armed in a manner suitable to the interests and re- quirements of modern warfare. Mr. MAGUIRE gave notice of his intention to ask Go- vernment if they intend to introduce a measure for re- forming the Court of Admiralty in Ireland. Sir J. WALSH stated that on Friday he should put a question to Government rts to the notice which had been given by the United States (ff their intention to termin- ate the convention under which Great Britain and the United States mutually engaged not to fit out naval ar- maments on thdcanadian Lakes. Mr. HENNEssYgave notice, that on going into Com- mittee of Supply, he should move for returns in refer- ence to our diplomatic expenses in China, Japan, and Siara, since the date of the treaty of 1842. THE ADDRESS,—IRELAND'S WRONGS. The Royal Speech was then read by the SPEAKEB, and Sir H. WILLIAMSON moved an address in reply. The hon. member referred to the various topics included in the speech from the throne, and congratulated the house upon the pro perous state o t te co mtry, aad the satis- factory condition of our foreign relations. He express- his approval of the neutrality we have observed with rcferpnef to the American war, and his belief that the Ann n G< ivernment were desirous of maintaining iriendiy relations with u" Mr. H, TRACY seconded the address. The SPEAKER at once put the question, but no one on the Opposition benches appearing anxious to address the house, Mr V. SCULLY rose amid much laughterand cheering. He attributed the silence of the hon. members to the fact that they had exhausted themselves upon public ques. tiims during the recess. Not being in that position him- self, he wished to call the attention of the house to the condition of Ireland. He complained that trade and ma- nufactures in that country were much depressed, and were not extending, as the speech represented. He also denied that there had been a good harvest in Ireland, and urged that on the whole the condition of the coun- try, instead of being prosperous, was unsatisfactory, and that the people were in the highest degree distressed, discontented and disaffected. Dr. BILDY tltonht, the paragraph in the address relat- ing to Ireland would have looked much better in Punch than inthe Royal S peech. The people were flying from the country, because they found it impossible to obtain employment. Mr. A. D. SEYMOUR complained of the omission from the speech of any allusion to the question of I'arliamen- tary Reform. He was the more astonished at thatomis- sion when lie remembered the particular .speech upon that subject delivered by the Chancellor of the Exche- quer at the close of last session. If we were to have no Reform Bill, the attention of Government ought to be directed to domestic reforms, but he found no reference in the speech either to the question of education or the condition of Ireland. Alluding to India, he complained of the appointment of Mr. Massey as Finance Minister, on the ground that he was altogether unacquaintod with the duties of Ins office. He (Mr. S) askod if it was true that there would be a large defieit in the Indian re- venue this year and he censured the Government for not having taken full advantage of the American war to promote the cultivation of cotton in India, by the application of capital to the improvement of the soil in that country. Mr. U. LONG was not surprised that the lion, member for Poole should take exception at the absence of any promise of Parliamentary Reform, but at the same time the hon. member ought to have remembered that the history of the Whig party for the last 30 years had been that of pledges loosely given and instantaneously broken; iti poin1 of fact, a Whig in office was an ugly dog well muzzled He complained that no hope was held out of a removal of the grievances against which the agriculturalists were struggling, and that no pro- mise was made of the early reduction or repeal of the malt tax. As to Ireland, her state was a disgrace to this country, and was solely attributable to Whig legislation during the last 30 years. After some remarks from Mr. Scourfield, Mr MAGUIRK said the Government were too much in* clined to go in partnership with Provideuce and to claim credit for a go,i(I harvest, or the slightest gleam of sun- shine. It was impossible to exaggerate the unsatisfac- tory condition of Irehnd; and he agreed with the other gentlemen who had "ddressed the house that that condition was mainly attiibntable to misgovernment. What was wanted Was large, generous, and liberal laws, that woull stimulate the energy of the people. Sir R Peel said it was extremely difficult to satisfy the Irish members. Last vear they complained of the al sence of any reference to Ireland in the Royal speech, and now th 'y wen i uligi a t because it w,s al u !ed to. He maintained that the paragraph in the speech was substantially correct, and that there had been a great improvemeat in t te coa itrv, and in the enterprise and condition of the people. lie admitted that since the ceusna of 1801, 3-5,000 persons had left theeonntry, but, nevertheless, the actual diminution of population, as shown by statistical returns, was 128,000. The only pirfc of Ireland in which distress had extensively pre- vailed was the county of Galway, but great efforts had been made to alleviate it With the exception of Gal- way the condition of the country was certainly one of hope and prosperity. Lord FEKMOY expressed aliopethat a reform bill would be one of the first measures introdseed into the new parliament. After a few words from Sir F. CROSSLEY, Mr KINGLAKE called attention to the recognition of her Majesty's Government of the \'exican Empire, and a,ked what circumstances had induced Government to take that step, considering the reverses which the French had sustained there, and the fact that nearly theft whole of Southern Mexico was now in the hanls of the4 Mexicans. In reply to a question from Col. SYKES, Sit- C. WOOD stated that the expedition to Bhootart had been undertaken because it was in lispensably ne4 cei,zea -y for the protection of British property to put a stop to the border raids which were being constantly or- ganised in that part of r udia, II e believed that the? number of lives lost in Calcutta and the district in eun sequence of the late hurricane amounted to 60,000. The address was then agreed to, and the house ad- journed at 8 40. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY. The Speaker took his chair at a quarter after twelve o'clock. Major O'REILLY gave notice that on the 21st inst. he should call attention to the question of recruiting in the army, and move for a select committee on the subject. Mr. MAGUIRE asked when the Government would in- troduce the promised measure for reforming the Court of Admiralty in Ireland. Sir It PIEL said a bill had been prepared, but he could not say when it would be introduced. Mr. WALTER gave notice that when Sir John Paking- ton brought forward his motion for inquiry into the constitution and procedure of the Committee of Council on Education, he should move the following addition —"Aud also into the best mode of extending the benefit of Government inspection and Parliamentary grants to schools snpported by the State." THE ADDRESS. On the report on the address being brought up, Mr. SCULLY moved the omission of the paragraph re- lating to Ireland, and the insertion of the following la- ragraph We regret that the general condition of Ireland cannot be regarded as prosperous or satisfactory^ and that multitudes of the inhabitants continue to emi- grate to foreign countries through the want of remu- nerative employment at home." The hon. member intimated that it would depend upon the amount of support he received whether he pressed the motion to a division. Major O'REILLY seconded the motion. Sir R. PEEL contended that Ireland generally was increasing in prosperity, and that the paragraph in the address which was objected to was substantially correct. Major GAVIN stated that extreme distress prevailed among the constituency he represented, but he thought there was a gleam of hope for Ireland for the future. After some observations from Dr. BRADY, the house divided For Mr. Scully's amendment, 12; against it, 67. Ma| m-ity against the motion, 55. Sir.T. E[.Pill.'iSTONE expressed regret at the absence in the Royal Speech of any allusion to the state of the public service. Our relations with America were not in a satisfactory state, and in the event of a war we were not in a position to afford adequate protection to our commerce. He HIIOUM upon au early Hay call the at. tention of the house to the state of the navy. The report oil the address was then agreed to. On the motion of Mr. H. HODGSON, a copy was or- dered of the evidence and report relative to the loss of the Stanley steam vessel at the mouth of the Tyne in pursuance of au inquiry directed by the Board of Trade. Lord NAAS obtained leave to bring in a bill to enable certain companies to issue mortgage debentures founded on securities upon or affecting laud, and to make provi- sion for the registration of such mortgage debentures and securities. The house adjourned shortly before two o'clock.
THE OPENING OF PARLIAMENT.…
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THE OPENING OF PARLIAMENT. On Tuesday, Parliament opened by Commission; and the public was, through the medium of the Royal speech, which will be found in another part of our paper, put in possession of the views of ministers on the public ques- tions and also informed of the measures whiU the Go- vernment intends to introduce during the Session In this document-which we must say is drawn up better than royal speeches generally are, more attention being paid to the" Queen's English." there is nothing to ob- ject to as far as it goes but some persons were greatly moved at there being no allusion-net the slightest—to the "Ucfonn" question whilst many more, after the ex- ctations excited by the vaunts and promises of the mi- nisterial press, were surprised to find no promise of a auction of taxation.—In fact, Lord Derby correctly de- cribed the speech, as an address from an aged minister t a moribund parliament. The days of parliament," ntinued his lorll.hip, are numbered no medical skill :1' science can lengthen its existence, beyond, 1; may say, a few weeks. Its condition is absolutely hopeless and all the physicians can do is, to take care that its dying houri) arc not disturbed—that no untiecessit, y excitement °f distracting influences, shall interfere with the peace or t" '1'1' tJ l" I its fleeting moments." This, those p lY:HClan- 'or M-¡'é,ty'" ministers —appear disposed to do and we do expect, ullleqs something more serious ooeur than now Dt exp I' t. 'II presedt, itself, that her Majesty's opposition will inter- fore to obstruct their course. The debate in the House of Lords upon the Address, • t ? Peer spoke from the Opposition benches t ) r 1 Derby and the nobic Earl made no attack (nillil|-storial measures or policy. The principal part Up!n 1\)1 .n.h was directed to the cousidenuiou of two "i_. I the Veder.d Government at Washington, to W ■hic•l' i we recently adverted-the notices to abrogate the tvTreatv between Canada and the States; and '^>atv V'th this country, which limits the armed force t) lie kel t bthe two p.overs on the lakes. His lordship ¡ "I k wÜh thc deep< est concern, upon those two mea- 0(1 sures. wiiiin]| Inve received the sauetiou of the American Puli-imcnt By (llIC nf them, the complicated question 83 to the fisheries will he again thrown open;" and the noble Karl is (),(I enough to remember what serious dif- ficulties arose out of that question, and how near we were g\\Íng to war upon it." lie also remembers the timj, when lakes, upon which a peaceful eonrnerce, pro- fitable to both countries, hash)R|| long carried on, were the scene of a race of ship-building on either side and when, its either party gained a temporary superiority. hat party obtained complete control of the lakes. That state of things," said his lordship, "was happily put an en,l to. by the agreement for maintaining neutrality and it is the American Government alone, which, without the slightest provocation, breaks from that treaty and declares its intention to increase its naval force on the lakes." Of course, we must take similar steps and every body must say that the two acts of the Federal statesmen and the Federal Congress make the danger of hostilities immin ot. We fin l no justification of the Federal Government, for the abolition of the Reciprocity Treaty with Canada but, according to Earl Russell, something may be said for their desire to increase their naval forco on the lakes. Those lakes are neutral; and his lordship blames the Confederates for violating that neutrality. They 41 sent persons," lie said, into the lakes, to take posses- sion, by force, of certain vessels, and to set free certain persons, who were prisoners of war of the United States. It is not wonderful, that the Government of the United States, considering that the lakes were in the possession of a sovereign friendly to them, should be indignant, when they found, that operations of war were carried on in those I kes;" and, they are right, the noble Earl thinks, (at least, so we infer from his speech) in taking Iteps to prevent such operations for the future. The noble Earl, however, regrets that, on other points,—our having allowed a belligerent character to the Confede- rate States and the fitting out of vessels, first purchased in England, for the service of those States;—the Federal authorities are inclined to do this country an injustice. His lordship contends, that that Government has done all that international law, and its own municipal law per- mits, to prevent any breach of the neutrality it professes; and with respect to claims on England, for indemnity, bajause the Alabama and other vessels have inflicted losses on the commerce of tho Federal States.—he describes them as utterly unjust." In the Lords, the debate was closed, the address car- ried, and their lorilspips dispersed, by half-past secen O'clock. -III the Commons, the proceedings extended to half-past nine the notices of motion boing numerous and the debate longer. It turned chiefly on Irish affairs, —Mr. Vincent Scully, and other Irish members, denying the truth of the paragraph which assarts that, Ireland duing the past year, has had its share in the advantage of a good harvest, and trades and manufactures are gra- dually exteuding in th It part of the kingdom." The numbers alluded to deny the truth ot this statement. The last harvest was a bad one for Ireland, they say and trade, in three provinces, Leinster, Slunster, and Con- naught, was never moi e depressed. The Irish speakers were supported by Mr. Long, the member for Chippen- ham, who has recently returned from the sister island and he sayo, he came away appalled with the destitu- tion, horrified at the state of the country, and indignant at finding the people—the noblest on God's earth-so de- graded by—as he believed the legislation of this country." Sir Robert Peel gave a peremptory contradiction to Mr. Long's assertions but we fear they are quite justified by the circumstances of Ireland. That gentleman, and Mr. R. Seymour, the member for Poole, recommend the abo- lition of the office of Lord Lieutenant; in which we cannot arree with them but we heartily go with NJ r. Long, in his remarks on the absence of royalty. 11 Wily," he asked, have the .ministers not advised the Prince of Wales to visit that country ? Did they believe that the loyalty of the people was to be maintained, if they were never allowed to see a member of the royal family among them? If royal visits had been rare in England, as in Ireland, the English people would have been the most disloyal people in Europe." We believe they would; and regret very much, that Lord Palmerston did not throw oil upon the waves, by saying that ministers would advise the Prince to visit Ireland instead of leaving it to the reckless Chiei Secretary, to make a speech, which must still further increase the Irish discontent. As in the Lords, so in the Commons, the address was agreed to without a division but Mr. V. Scully gave no- tice, th it, when the report was brought up, he should move theomissiou of the paragraph referringto Ireland,and the insertion of the following We regret that the general condition of Ireland cannot be regarded as pros- pm,us or satisfactory, and that multitudes of tile inhabi- ting continue to emigrate to foreign countries, through the want of remunerative employment at home." While we are writing, we are not aware of the result of this amendn.entbut our readers will see it noticed in the parliamentary report.
1JOLGELLEY.
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1JOLGELLEY. SHinr HftLL, PETTY SESSIONS, 1 uesday, reb. 7.— Befoie H. 111. Richards, Esq.; Ven. Archdeacon White, and H. W, JSmiluiry, I sq. Dntnfceiine s.—John Parry was charged by P.S. Owen Joueswithbeing drunk and riotous. P.C E. P Evans being sworn, said he served defend- ant personally with a copy of the summons produced Oil the 4th illst, but he did not appear. P.S. Owen Jones said, that soon after 11 o'clock at when he saw defendant and a crowd aroiuid him drunk and riotous. He had his coat olf, challenging anyone in the crowd to tight with him. After some tune he succeeded in getting him away, but he came out of his house again aud he saw hi in fighting.—To lie imprisoned for 7 days. Kv)m Joues was charged with the 'same offence by P.O. K. P. Kvans, who appeared and pleaded not guil, P. C P Kv.'ns.wh? appeared and ptt-adedn?tgnitty. The <?6R?fr said that on the eveningof the ?Sthntt.hf was on duty in Upper Suiithfield, of this town. He met defendant who accused the "Iflcer with striking him with a stick some time ago. The defendant lifted up his stick and was going to strike him when he got hold of his arm and prevented lum. lie made several at- tempts and vushe I at him many times, and lie became v.-ry noisy and quarrelsome. The defendant was very drunk.To t-e imprisoned for 7 days. John Edwards v. Thomas Johnson for tearing his clothes in the Workhouse.— I lie prosecutor said he was tile Vaster of the Workhouse at Dolgeiley. Defendant was admitted into the house last Saturday evening. oil Sunday morning he found that he had torn his coit, waistcoat, and trousers. Defendant Nvii,, -i tr.,xinp.ro be imprisoned for 14 day", antl hard labor. I,¡,:cTuHI:s-The talnntl'tl '11 "¡"'lwmt Iorwt'th Glan Ale(I visited for the first time this neighbourhood last week, and gave two lectures at the Independent Chapel in this town on Wednesday and Thursday evening. the 1st and 2nd iiist., ttie subject of the first being Ciod in the creation," and of the second, What ii man." The "eople of the neighbourhood are high in their ad- miration of Iorwerth, and well they may, as we think he is one of the Welsh princes of elocution and oratorical powers Thutwoandieneesseemedeutrancedandspe))- bound listening to the floods of eloquence which flowed from the lips of Iorwerth. The admission was G1-, and the proceeds (tile residue after paying expenses) to go toward s the support of the Workmen's Newsroom of this towii-t laudable object which ought to be more largely ahled and patronised by the wealthy and gentry of this neighbourhood., for we are strongly of opinion that something ought to be done in the way of pro- curing healthy and cheap amusements, as well as culti- vating the minds of our young men. The crowded state of our public-houses and the crammed benches of our ale-houses bear a mournful testimony to the strength of our assertion. Glan Aled also gave another lecture oil Friday evening following at Llanelltyd on "Genius and taste." similar success attended him thero.-A Correspondent. Pit II.St-.NT.I,r to- The friends and we"-wishers of the Rev. Win. Ati,eyl Roberts, curate in this town, hearing with regret that the sphere of his ministerial labours was shortly to be removed from amongst them to that of Llandudno, resolved to render the event a convenient opportunity of presenting him with a testimonial, as a tribute of respect and a memento of the esteem iu which he is held by them and all classes generally, not only in his capacity as an earnest and faithful minis- ter, but also for his uniform kindness and urbanity to all parties, aud his exemplary, generous, and humane conduct to the poor during his brief stay in the locality. Subscriptions were received at the Old Bank, and con- sidering the short, period during which Mr. Roberts was here (no more than a twelve-month), we tleem the sum subscribed, which amounted to upwards of £14, an iu. dex of the popular feeling in his favour. On Saturday, the 4th inst, several of the leading gentlemen of the neighbourhood, and among them the Ven Archdeacon White and the Ia'e High-Sheriff, Lewis Williams, Esq., Vronwnion, met at the Newsroom, where the testimo- nial was presented to Mr. Roberts by the latter gentle- man, inside a beautiful and artistically wrought purse, being the production of the handiwork of Miss llariet Williams, Vronwnion. Mr. Roberts, being rather taken by surprise, spoke in pathetic and glowing tenll, of the great kindness shown him always, and especially for the handsome testimonial he held in his hand, for which he was inexpressibly thankful t,) them. The children of the National School, at the sewing department of which Mrs. Roberts regularly attended (of course gratuitously), determined also that they would contribute their mite towards showing whom they delighted to honour, and so a very handsome clasped and riuimed church service was presented to rrs Roberts by the juveniles, inside of which Ctlntainetl II suil-ible inscription setting forth the feelings of the children upon the departure of Mrs. Roberts from amongst them. We wish Mr. and Mrs. Roberts health and happiness at Llandudno. The suc- cessor of Mr Roberts is the Rev. Mr. Richards, late curate at Rhos Llanerchrugog, who commenced his duties on Sunday last.
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A Rochdale shopkeeper, named Benjamin Store, is now in custody on a charge of bigamy. On Saturday, two boys-James Whitaker, aged twelve years, and Thomas Robinson, aged tliirtet,n-wers drowned in a small dam, near tbe church school, and connected with the works of Messrs. Tyler and Rams- den, spinners and manufacturers, Victoria Mi 1, Bowling. The boys were playing in an adjoining field, and, one of them having driven a knur into the dam, which was covered over a thin sheet of ice, they both incautiously ventured upon it in order to recover the knur." The ice at once gave way, and the boys were drowned.