The North Wales Chronicle and Advertiser for the Principality

MANCHESTER CAMBRIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. TOUR IN SWITZERLAND, BY MR. W. J. WIL- LIAMS (GWILYM ELAN). At the last meeting ot tue above society, tielu at the Waterloo Hotel, Piccadilly, Mr. W. J. Williams, one of the members, read an account of his recent tour through Switzerland. There was a good attendance of the members of the society. The lecturer commenced by saying-That having been cradled amidst the mountains, in the beautiful valley of Dolwyddelan, within sight of Snowdon, and at the foot of Moel Siabod, he intuitively imbibed in his early life a love of the romantic scenery of nature. To the influence of these youthful impressions he attributed his desire to visit Switzerland—the land of mountain par excellence. He left.Manchester July loth, 18G3, equipped with knapsack, and the light accoutrements suitable for a pedestrian tour. The incidents of his journey to Lon- don, and from thence to Newhaven, he briefly referred to. On the following morning, July 16tli, he crossed the English Channel for Dieppe. His voyage, and the rest of his adventures, we leave him to describe in his own words :— I left Newhaven at 8 a.m. per packet for Dieppe. The morning was fine, but there was a stiff breeze on the Channel. The waves dashed over the higher and lower decks, and tu, passengers were drenched. This roughness was a source of much amusement, for many unfortunate voyagers were doused by a treacherous wave, when the luxury of a shower bath was as little desired as it was expected. The best sympathy in this sorry plight was a hearty laugh, or a good natured ban- ter. I noticed in particular the jovial nhnr.nrf.er of the Frenchman. They are, unquestionably, a more light- hearted race than the English. Their vivacity and good humour never flagged during this disagreeable voyage. It was a six hours' passage, which is about the usual time. The landing, however, was exceedingly tedious, owing, as I thought, to the want of proper appliances to bring the vessel to port. Dieppe, on a first visit, appears remarkably strange and un-English. The shops seem unbusinesslike, and the town looks time-worn and out of date. An unfavourable impression was made upon me at first sight, and I could not avoid drawing depre- ciating comparison between Dieppe and English towns of a similar population. Dieppe, notwithstanding, is not so ancient as it looks, for it was laid in ruins by the English in the year 1694. It is much frequented as a sea bathing place, during the summer months, and is noted as a great fishing port, and is also distinguished for its carvings in ivory. I was much pleased with the appearance of the country from Dieppe to Paris. Nor- mandy abounds in orchards It is a cider and not a wine drinking country. Upon approaching the Rouen, the blue mountains in the distance have a very pic- turesque effect. The land is woody, rich, and well culti- vated. Artificial effect, as well as gain, is evidently studied in the arrangements of their plots of land. Their hedges are neatly trimmed, and their trees are lopped and pruned into a graceful symmetry. Fine and distant prospects are respected and preserved. I observed tall trees cut down, others with branches lopped off, a small tuff at the top, only left bccause a charming view was intercepted. Shady avenues, such as lead into our baron- ial halls, are here seen now and then, leading into the rural dwelling of the small lauded proprietors. Free- holders are numerous in France. They take pride in their little plots, and emulate each other in their ma- nagement. I observed many of the fields divided into beds growing products of different kinds. The effect of this simple arrangement, designed or not, is remarkably pleasing to look at. Each strip having its peculiar co- lour, these colours exquisitely contrasted, as if by the hand of skillful artist, and the whole enclosed in a ver- rlant hedgerow, like a charming picture in an emerald frame. The French, as a nation, in all they do appear to have an eye to the ornamental. If utility is not sa- crificed thereby, they must be in advance of the so called practical nations, who look to utility and gain] mly, paying little or no regard to the artistic and i Esthetic.. I arrived in Paris by 6 p.m., and started by an early train on Friday, the 17th, to Bale or Basel. This long iourney of 323 miles was pleasantly passed in lively and nteresting conversation with my fellow-travellers. The fine, I observed, in this district is cultivated in great 1 tbundance. 1 The peasantry, judging by their dwellings, must be ixceedingly poor. They live in miserable huts, similar ;o those inhabited by the indigent in the south of Ireland. [ pondered mentally whether a connection can be traced ] between their poverty and the occupation of cultivating the vine. An omiuous incident, which our temperance jdvocates would not fail to turn into account. Inferring from the fewness of refreshment rooms on this long journey, the French are a temperate people. [ was much surprised in seeing large stations with no provision for refreshment. I believe that I saw only j four from Paris to Bale. The trains go at a steady pace, ao sudden starts and jerks, as in this country. I felt a 1 sense of safety in their trains, everything being done I leliberately and orderly. The accidents, consequently, is it is statistically proved, are fewer than in our own J country, or in America. By 6 p.m., I reached Bale, in Switzerland, a large town on the banks of the Rhine, having a population of ibout forty thousand. After occupying an hour or more in seeking the hotel, recommended by my guide I book, I at length entered an old fashioned inn of a I rather unpromising appearance. I was too tired and 1 tiungry to be fastidious. Having travelled over a thou- I sand miles within 60 hours, a night's rest was indeed a uxury. I was provided with a comfortable bed. To ( Lttain it, cost me some labour, having to scull about fine icore of slipery oaken steps. A preparatory training t or the pedestrian feats, which I had in prospect. f Saturday, July 18th. Up early, and walked over the c arge bridge crossing the Rhine. I was amazed at this j nighty stream as it rushed along with a rapidity which s vas fearful to witness. To me it was surprising that t he old wooden bridge, of 280 feet span, trembling and leaking in passive resistance, should stand the ponder- c vus force of such a current. f Bale is one of the most important towns in Switzer- I and, on account of its population, its wealth, and its ocality. It is a centre wherein the frontiers of three e cingdoms meet, viz., France, Switzerland, and Germany. 1 having taken a hurried glance at the town hall, and v toted the marks showing an extraordinary rise of the t thine many years ago, I directed my course to the s luaster. A Gothic edifice, composed of red muddoo g and distinguished for its two spires, the tallest in Swit- zerland, 205 feet high. Behind this church is a delight- ful terrace called Die Ffalr, which overlooks the Rhine, as it flows rapidly along, 75 feet below. Here I rested some time, under the shade of chesnut trees of ample foliage, gazing at the distant hills of the Black forest. About 10.30 a.m., I left Bale for Olten, a small town of 2,300 inhabitants. The appearance of this town is exceedingly primitive. It is about ten minutes' walk from the station. To visit it, I crossed a rapid stream called the Aare. All their streams are rapid. To guide the boat, and prevent its being carried away by the cur- rent, an iron rod, with a sliding ring, is suspended across the irver, to which a rope, attached to the boat, is fixed. Thus a boat may be upset, but cannot be drifted away by the tide. The inhabitants appear to be a simple-minded people, leading a listless life. My pre- sence, however, created some sensation, for numbers came to their house doors to look at me. Doubtless they thought me a curious outlandish object, as I slowly paced their streets, wondering at their odd houses, shops, and attire. It was so strange and primitive that I almost imagined myself transported into another planet. In returning from Olten to the station, I crossed ati ancient looking wooden bridge, covered over, and sup- ported by rude beams like those used in the barns and the outhouses of a rustic village. Many of the bridges were covered probably as a precaution against accidents which might occur to horses by treading on the wet and slipery wood forming the bot- tom of those structures. Here were some indications that we were approaching the laud of mountains, for towering above this village stand the grotesque peaks of the rugged Jura, a sort of Alps in miniature. To the south, in the far distance, the Alps themselves are visi- ble from here. Returning to the station, I entered the refreshment room, which was crowded with passengers. Tables and seats are provided, so that all who desire a repast may be regaled with convenience and comfort. I obtained a very savoury lunch and a demi bottle of white wine, for the small sum of 71d. I observed ale to be much drunk here The Strasbourg ale is a favorite beverage on the Continent. In Paris, it is consumed largely. It is a heavy musky looking ale, of deep brown colour, bitter to the taste, and not so intoxicating as our malt liquors. Its bitterness, I am informed, is not pro- duced by hops. To my taste it is inferior to the ale produced in England. Its flavour is flat, and not sprightly like our brown October. About 2 o'clock, I left Olten for Lucern. I was much struck with the superior accommodation of their railway carriages. They are of the usual width, but fully twice as long as ours in England, and the roofs are con- siderably higher. Seats are ranged along each side, at right angles to the sides of the carriage, a free passage being left along the whole of the centre of the vehicle. At some stations, the carriages were entered by vendors of grapes, strawberries, peaches, and plums, which, the weather being hot, were very acceptable. I soon disco- vered that frnit was more effective in quenching thirst than wine, or even than water. Fruit being remark- ably cheap, a large bunch of grapes could be purchased for two sous. Peaches were in abundance, and wild strawberries, with cream, formed a welcome dish at every table d'hote as a delicious dessert. Towards evening, I reached l.ucerne, and made my sojourn at the Ballances, au old hotel which was once the principal inn of the town. It is a large house, stan- ding on the margin of the river Reus. This is a fine stream, having a peculiar emerald hue, owing, I was in- formed, to the melting snow and ice flowing from the mountains by its various tributaries. Fishing rods are provided for visitors, whereby from a terrace over- looking the river, the weary traveller may indulge in the sensation of killing time and trout at the same instant. I saw several fine fish caught there in the space of half- au-hour. In front of this terrace stands the lofty and snow- capped Pilatus. A rugged and a perpendicular-looking mountain of 7116 feet high. Lucerne is noted for its bridges; two are provided with roofs. The principal bridge is ornamented with 151 paintings, representing scenes from the lives of their patron saints. The second bridge is adorned with pic- tures representing Dance of Death. I confess I was disappointed in these paintings, then- faded conditions evince a want of appreciation on the part of the local authorities, otherwise they would be restored or renovated. Sunday, July 19th. A fine sunshining morning; Pilatus and the Rigi without a cloud. The emerald green lake as calm as glass. Boats with gay coloured flags, skimming its placid surface, and steamers cruising to some of the happy villages nestling on its borders. I greatly enjoyed one of these excursions. The scenery reminded me of Windermere Lake, but the mountains being much higher, gave a magnificent grandeur to the ■ view, which must be seen to be realised. On the left is the Rigi, 5541 feet high. It is a group of mountains making a circuit of 30 miles. The northern peak, called the Rigi Proper, is much frequented. A pil- grimage thereto is almost indispensable to every one who claims to be a tourist. It is a question continually asked, Did you mount the Rigi ? A negative answer would oot.od tho onquirop. It io "My of ascent, Ve- getation grows to its very summit. Sunrise, and sunset.. of a clear day, are gorgeous beyond description. It commands a view comprising a circumference of 300 n111ps: The peasants make a pilgrimage on certain fete days to the liigi Kulm, which is the loftiest of the group, Upon my return from Kusnacht Wm. Tell, several of these rustics, with their heads adorned with the wild flowers of the mountain, entered the packet, chanting sacred music. Upon enquiry, I found that they were returning from their pilgrimage up the Rigi. They would probably have started on the Saturday night, so as to witness the rising of the sun. I entered one of the churches of Lucerne, being at- tracted by its twin steeples, which are remarkably slen- der and graceful. The wood-carving of the pulpits, the painted windows, and the handsome pictures with which it is adorned, are well worthy of inspection. Not far from this church is the Lion of Lucerne. It is hewn out of the solid rock, or more properly hewn in the solid rock, for it still forms a part of the same, and is 28 feet in length. It is erected in memory of the Swiss guards, who were massacred in the year '1792, when de- fending the Tuileries. There is a charming walk from that spot through corn fields and woody glades, to an eminence commanding a splendid view of the lovely lake. I shall not soon forget the dreamy happiness of reclining under those tall trees, shaded from the rays of 1 scorching sun, while gazing in tranquil admiration upon a scenery of unsurpassing beauty and grandeur. Monday, July 20th. I left Lucerne by a morning steamer, and upon arriving at Alpnach Gestal, the 'anding place, was installed snugly in a secured seat, in Tont of that cumbersome and slothful conveyance, the Diligence. How different and inferior to the English itage coach. Instead of the sleek and spirited horses, ■he iauntv and ruddy coachman, clothed in scarlet, with I gold-mounted whip in his gloved hand, and covered with a white beaver, we had ill-conditioned and asth- natic beasts, and a surly billious-looking driver, wrapped in a faded blouse, and crowned with a jim- )row wide-awake. The only things to be admired in ;his primitive locomotive are the bells attached to the lorses' heads, which continue to Jingle merrily as they og along, tinkling in admirable harmony, with the sig- nificant vibrations of their elongated ears. The road is exceedingly dangerous. On the left we vere threatened by overhanging rocks, on the right, i deep ravine yawned to receive us. No sort )f protection is provided in many places to guard man aid beast from the treacherous brink. The backing of ,he horses a few inches, in ascending, might pre- iipitate passengers, horses, and Diligence, to utter des- rtiction. We passed through Sarnen, a town containing 3,300 nhabitants. It stands 1462 feet above the level of the lea. Adjacent is a small lake called the Lake of Sarnen. )n this road, near the Lake of Lungern, a good view is )btained of the three peaks of the Wetterhorn, altitude, 2,200 feet. At length, we reached a large village, mostly composed ,f wooden houses. This is Lungem, situated at the oot of the Brunig Pass, and the highest point in this lirection which the Diligence can reach. Upon entering he hotel, I found the dining room full of English peo- )le, all preparing for the welcome repast, which was unply provided for their wants. I was glad to join. merrier company I never met with. A pleasant hour vas thus passed-the enjoyment intensified by the un. Ixpected meeting of fellow-countrymen in a distant and ,n isolated spot. The time of separation soon arrived. had to cross the Brunig, a pass of 3,152 feet above sea evel. I was not provided with a conveyance. Cars, lorses, and mules were all engaged. 1 alone was left to rend my solitary path across this, to me, strange nountain. Nothing daunted, I buckled on my knap- ack, and with alpenstick in hand, commenced my ar- luous task. This pedestrian fete, however, was not my destiny, for i re J had proceeded many yards, some sympathizing riend had made arrangements, whereby I was conveyed ver the Brunig to M einge. The interest I felt ill this ourney was greatly enhanced by the company of a lady nd gentleman occupying the same carnage, who were nthusiastic tourists. They were enraptured with the nountain scenery, and the lady, who was an in- iefatigable pedestrian, and had high aspirations, had ixed her ideal on the summit of the Jungfrau or Mon Ilane. In descending the Brunig, the road winds around the nd of a lovely valley. This is the valley of Meirigen. ] trough its centre runs the river Aare, surrounded by ] rooded mountains, and overshadowed by snowy peaks, he Wellhorn, the Engelhom, the Schudeck, and the ] aowclad Wetterhorn towering above in overwhelming raadeur. Qa wry aide cascades are leaping Um the i t surrounding mountains to the valley Oelulv, L w", struck with the apparent slow descent of these falls. As they flowed in one unbroken current from the summits of lofty rocks, they resembled streams of molten silver, their shining surface reflecting, as if in a thousand mir- rors, the sparkling rays of the noonday light. I next visited the celebrated falls of the Reschenback. These falls surpass any I have ever witnessed. The river makes five distinct leaps. The upper and lower falls are exceedingly grand. The impetuous stream in- furiated by impending blocks, takes a maddcning plunge into the deep abyss, wherein it foams and frets in violent and endless commotion. The ground trembles under its ponderous weight, is dimmed by its vapoury sprays, ?There are wooden huts, wherein refreshment may be procured, and from which the falls may be viewed at leisure. I must confess that my feeling was that of terror, and in the absence of any impending danger I was not inclined to prolong my stay. Opposite my bed- room window were three lovely cascades, flowing grace- fully from the summits of overhanging rocks. How • u. Kir lliaaa ail- much more pleasing tne emotions CVUKCU >.<y tuca* »» very cascades than those excited by the Reschenbach waterfalls ? Tuesday, July 21st. I left by DiIitmèe to Brienz. This is a long straggling town,composed almostentirelyof wooden house, It has about 2,300 inhabitants, and it is celebrated for its curious and elaborate wood carvings. It is pleasantly situated, being at the foot of a mountain ridge of 6,880 feet high, and facing a lake of 74 miles in length, which, this day, was calm and clear as a mirror. From the church yard, which is on high hill. there is a splendid view of the valley, the lake, and the surrounding mountains. At one o'clock, I crossed the lake, by steamer, to Interlaken. I had only a glimpse, in passing, of the Giesbach falls. Interlaken is a fashionable resort of English tourists and of English families. It is a delightful place to stay at for a few weeks. The hotels are of first class charac. ter, and the pensions, or boarding houses, are like Eng- lish club houses in outward appearance, but are exceed- ingly moderate in their charges. The town has a mo- dern aspect, somewhat like our English watering places, having fancy shops, and various attractions to while away an idle hour. It was in a news room here that I met with the first English paper since I left home. It would be difficult to imagine with what greediness I de- voured its contents. Interlaken is a lengthy town, many of the houses being detached and scattered. A long double avenue of chesnut trees adds much to its beauty. It also abounds in charming walks up woody hills, where rustic seats are provided. Each elevation gained discloses new beauties. The lovely valley reposing between two placid lakes, viewed from different points, assumes a prospect so va- rious and diversified that the beholder might imagine himself gazing at other landscapes. The apparent -con- traction of the objects below, as you recede in your ascent, and their expansion as you approach in your descent, have a strange and striking effect upon the imagination. A knowledge of the art of perspective, however valuable all acquisition, is not indispensable to some appreciation of this phenomena. The great attraction to Iutorlaken is the majestic Jungfrau, the queen of the Bernese Alps. This moun- tain of towering eminence is nearly 14 thousand feet in height. It is covered with eternal snow, and that of dazzling whiteness. From its summit to its base it is encrusted with layers of solid ice, radiating and spark- ling in the solar rays. It is an indescribable scene of grandeur. Imagine a lovely valley, garnished with the blooming beauties of a summer garden, and yourself prostrated by the scorching heat of a noonday sun oefore you, stands in sublime solitude, a stupenduous mountain, vested in white winter attire of perpetual ice. It reigns alone, and in deathlike silence, excepting ever and anon it hurls down with the sound of thunder its mighty avalanches, which rush and roar in their impetu- ous course down its precipitous sides. Until the year 1811, this splendid mountain was considered impossible ;f ascent, no human foot having ever trod the snow ;hat crowns its summit; hence it derives the name of lungfrau or the Viigin. (7'o be continued in our next.)

KIDNAPPING BRITISH SUBJECTS FOR THE UNITED STATES' ARNIY. The Earl of ELLENBOKOUGH in calling attention to this subject, in the House of Lords, on Thursday night, said,—I wish to draw the attention of the noble earl the Secretary for Foreign Affairs to the statements contain- ed in a letter of General Wistar, an officer of the United States' army, with reference to the kidnapping of per- sons, principally foreigners, mostly seamen, and, there- fore, very likely to be British subjects, with the view of forcing them to take service in the armies of the United States. I believe I shall do most justice to the case, and to the gallant officer who has written this letter, by reading the whole of it. The letter certainly does him very great credit. The letter is dated Yorktown, April 15, 1864, and is addressed to Major-General John A. Dix, New York city. It is in these words General,—An extended spirit of desertion prevailing among the recruits recently received from the North in some of the regiments in my command has led me to make inquiries, resulting in apparently well-authenti- cated information, which I beg respectfully to communi- cate to you in this unofficial manner, deemingit required by humanity, no less than by our common desire to benefit the service. There seems to be little doubt that iiiany-iii fact, I think I am justified in saying that most of these unfortunate men were either deceived or kid- napped, or both, in the most scandalous and inhuman manner in New York city, where they were drugged and carried off to New Hampshire and Connecticut, mustered in and uniformed before their consciousness was fully restored. Even their bounty was obtained by the parties who were instrumental in these nefarious transactions, and the poor wretches find themselves, on returning to their senses, mustered soldiers, without any pecuniary benefit. Nearly all are foreigners, mostly sailors, both ignorant of and indifferent to the objects of the war in which they thus suddenly find themselves in- volved. Two men were shot here this morning for de- sertion, and over 30 more are now awaiting trial for exe- cution. These examples are essential, as we all under- stand but it occurred to me, General, that you would pardon me for thus calling your attention to the greater crime committed in New York, of kidnapping these men into positions where, to their ignorance, desertion must seem like a vindication of their own rights and liberty. Believe me to be, General, with the highest esteem, vour obedient servant. I J J. WISTAR." To Major-General John A. Dix, New York city." These, my lords, are the very proper sentiments of this American officer. (Hear, hear.) It is said that many of those who have been kidnapped are seamen and subjects of Her Majesty. It is scarcely possible that those tran- sactions could take place without the knowledge of many of the officers of the American army. It is scarcely pos- sible that the Government itself should not be cogniz- ant of them. I understand that in one case where a Frenchman was detained the French admiral interfered, the man was released, and the captain in whose regiment he was placed was dismissed the service. Many of your lordships read a few days ago a statement, which I know to be true from other sources, of the case of a poor man named Edwards, who was recently married in Liverpool. He left his clothes on board his vessel, and the money which was due to him, and went on shore by direction )f the surgeon to get a warm bath. He was taken to a irinking shop, was drugged, and when he recovered his senses found himself in the uniform of the UnitesStates, was told he had enlisted, and carried off to a depot, hav- ing no means whatever either of joining his family or in- Forming them of the circumstances of his case. He sent a letter in Welsh, which his wife received in Liverpool, nd that led to inquiries being made. This is a very serious grievance. I am not aware if the noble earl has been previously made acquainted with the case. If he ias I wisti to know what steps he has taken, aud if he las now heard of it for the first time what steps he proposes to take, for the purpose of protecting her Ma- jesty's subjects from these monstrous atrocities-not mly for the future, but in order to obtain the release of :hose who may have been so seriously ill-treated, and to ibtain compensation to them for what they have suffered. Hear, hear.) Earl RUSSELL, who was almost wholly inaudible in the ;allery, was understood to say that he knew nothing of ;he letter which the noble earl had read, further than ;hat a copy of it had been sent to him. He must say that very great hardships were incurred in such cases. [t appeared that the bounty given on enlistment by the eneral Government of the United States and by the State Legislature amounted altogether to 600 dols. In iome instances it appeared nefarious and unprincipled men got hold of persons on landing in the United States, Irugged them, kept them without food, and tempted ;hem to enlist, when they were marched off to some de- )ot and deprived of all means of obtaining their liberty. f Whenever such cases came to the knowledge of Lord Lyons he had made immediate representations to the 1 [JHited States' Government. He was not much surprised ] Lt the unprincipled conduct of the parties referred to as ;hat attempts should be made to throw protection around ;hem and he was sorry to say that Lord Lyons had nade repeated complaints, but in most cases he had not 1 >btained that batisfaction which he had aright to expect. I Che noble earl then read the following passages from a < nemorandum of similar cases which had recently occur- 1 ed, and the result of the representations made by Lord I yons j Two other cases have been reported to us by the I ioard of Trade. The first is that of Hugh Bennett, who i tated that having gone on shore from his ship, the Ed. i abiugb, at New Yorit, in order to make a purchase, i he was induced to enter a publichonse, where he, in com- rnnv with 11 other steam boat men, had been drugged '?d?ied off to the United State. receiving ship North Carolina, This case having been referred to L? Lyoiis he has succeJed in obtaining the  The other case i. that of a seaman named Charies Thompson, who wrote from Beaufort, South Carolina, on the 25th of February last, to say he had been drug- ged, and while in that, state WM enlisted, not knowing ? ?ytMng until he came to himself, when he was inform- ed that he was a tidier. He further stated that M Boon as a sailor arrived in the United States he was nearly certain to be drugged and made a soldier of before lie knew anything about it, and that in several cases the British Consul bad obtained their release;" The noble earl, who still spoke in a very indistinct tone, and with his back to the gallery, was understood next to refer to a ease in which several subjects were kidnapped, as was alleged, while in a state of intoxication. In re- ply to a representation from Lord Lyons, the Lmted States' War Depaptment said they would investigate the case, and in a certain sensetbey did so, examimngthe recruiting agents and other persons, who stated that the men were sober when they enlisted. Lord Lyons, an- swered, very properly, that that investigation was not satisfactory, it having been carried on entirely in the absence of the men themselves, four or five of whom had been sent forward to the army. The recruiting agents were tempted by the very large bounty to use every unfair mean's of inveigling men to enhst. Heniust aav it would throw great discredit on the United States' Government if such practices were allowed to go on. (Hear.) It was their bounden duty to see that these per- sons were not forced to enter the service against their will, He must say that these proceedings would render it necessary that Her Majesty's Government sho.dd make the strongest remonstrance. (Hear, hear.) No doubt it the facts referred to by the noble earl were authentic, they formed a very great hardship, and disclosed con- duct on the part of agents of the United States' Govern- ment which was highly reprehensible. The subject then dropped.

THE LAW OF SETTLEMENT. The following is extracted from the Times of Monday, the 30th ult., for the information of parish authorities who are continually embroiled in some disputes arising under the law of settlement. It is a caBe of consideriible importance to the ratepayers, and will create another revolution in the mode of charging relief to parishes in Unions:— THE OVKKSEERS OF GHEAT SALKELD V. THE OVKRSEEKS OF PLUMPTON WALL IN THE PENItIT11 L'OOR LAW UXIOX IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND. This was one of the questions continually arising un- der the law of settlement The particular question raised was as to the operation of the Acts passed with a view to mitigate the hardships sufiered by poor persons by compulsory lemovals from one part of the country to another under the law of settlement. The effect of those Acts is to make the poor person requiring relief memorialize to the parish of his legal settlement, pro- vided he has resided three years in the parish, or even the union in which he lives. In the present case the Penrith magistrates had made an order for the removal of a poor person who required relief from the parish of Plumpton Wall to the parish of Great Salkeld. There was an appeal to the Quarter Sessions, who confirmed the order, subject to an appeal to this Court. The facts were shortly these. The poor person had never resided in any parish in the Penrith Union other than either one or other of those two parishes, aud he bad resided in Great. Salkeld from the time of his birth until 1862, when he removed to Plumpton Wall. Ife had gained a legal settlement not only by apprenticeship, but by marriage, in Great Salkeld, and in 1860 he required re- lief there, and received it there until July, 1861. He then removed to Plumpton with his wife, and in the month of September, 1862, he again required relief, and became chargeable, and then received relief out of the common fund" of the union until June, 1863, when the guardians, on the complaint of the Penrith parish officers, stopped the relief from the common fund" of the uuion, the result of which was that the relief be. came chargeable to Plumpton, whereupon the overseers of that parish obtained the order of removal against which there was the present appeal—the question being whether the period of residence in the parish of legal settlement, i.e Great Salkeld, should not be included in the calculation of the three years' residence in a union required to establish the status of irremovability under the late Act 24 and 25 Vict. c. 2.), Mr. Mellish, Q.C., argued in support of the order of removal. Mr. Maule argued against it. r The three years, it should be stated, are reckoned back from the time of the order of removal and it is obvious that the man here had been resident all his life in the union. And so it was strenuously urged by the learned counsel who argued against the order, that the case was thus clearly within the recent Act; whereas on the other side it was urged that the Act was only intended to apply to cases of removal from one union to another; and of that opinion, it will be seen, were the majority of the Court. The Lord Chief Justice delivered judgment to that effect, reasoning that the first Irremovability Act re- quired the residence to be in a parish and the late Act on lv altered it by substituting the word union" as the area of residence; and that the law was uot intended to be altered in any other respect. Mr. Justice C'rompton expressed a different opinion, declaring that he felt the force of Mr. Maule's able ar- gument on the subject, and considered three years' re- sidence in the union sufficient to create the status of ir- removability, even in cases of removal from one parish within the union to another in the same union. Mr. Justice Shee delivered judgment to the contrary effect, and in accordance with the view taken by the Lord Chief Justice. The scope and policy, he said, of the Irremovability Acts was to relieve poor persons from the hardship of removal from one part of the country to another, at a great distance, not to alter the law as to the burden of liability within the same union. The great evil of the law of settlement which these Irremova- bility Acts were intended to obviate was the compulsory removal of poor persons temporarily requiring relief to a great distance from the place where they resided, and were probably known, and perhaps regarded with res- pect, to a place where they were strangers and unknown, and no one felt an interest in them. This was often 1 found to operate as a great hardship. And one of the greatest evils of the Poor Law now was that the poor i often resided in one parish and their work was in an. f ittier, and parishes were often anxious to escape the liabilitv of their support, and with that view endeavoured to force them to reside in some parish at a distance from their work. In order that in such cases the poor might not lose their status of irremovability the recent t Act substituted union" for parish, as the area of resi- ience required to give the status of irremovability, but :hat was all the effect it had, and it did not apply to re- 1 aiovals in the same union. The majority of the Court being of the same opinion is the Court of Quarter Sessions, the appeal was dis- I nissed, the order of removal affirmed, and the pauper ] leclared removable. t i

THE LATE FRENCH PLOT.—Imperatori and Scaglioni, who were sentenced to imprisonment for 20 years for laving conspired to assassinate the Emperor of the French, are about to be removed from the prison of tfazas to a fortress, where they are to undergo their Dunishment. Greco and Trabucco, who were sentenced x) transportation, are shortly to be removed from Paris ;o the place of their destination, which is not yet an- lounced. A man named Went, residing in Burcolt-row, Here- 'ord, finding himself in reduced circumstances, cut his hroat with a razor, and on his wife entering the room vhere he lay bleeding, she immediately took up the uzor and indicted a severe gash on her own throat- he reason assigned for this rash act being that she was afraid of being taken up as her husband's murderer. It s expected that the woman will survive, but not the lightest hopes are entertained of the recovery of the nan. EXPECTED RIOTS IN NEW YORK.—There is trouble ,head. We shall have an outbreak. No one can tell vhen it will commence. It may be postponed until the Iraft or a new call. Those who hope against hope think hat Grant will prove a victor, conquer Spottsylvania lefenees, Lee and his army, and the rebellion. Vain lope! People have been fed upon such hopes or such orospects of victories over three years. Lee was never o strong as he is now. The police in this city is now well-drilled force, and possesses great power. Its chiefs JJticipate trouble. The commissioners know that unless real victory is achieved by Grant there will be trouble I n this city, and that it will need a force of 20,000 or :0,000 Federal troops to keep order during the coming ummer, or until the presidental election.-Manhattan, THE BASTINADO IN GERMANY.—A letter from Meek- I enburg, in the Ilerlin Gazette, says-" Various tales are elated here of what is said to have taken place at )armstarlt at the time of the marriage of the reigning Jrand Duke with the Princess Anne of Hesse. The 1 ervants of Darmstadt are said to have asked those of he Mecklenburg court whether they also would be ] iable to receive blows of a stick, and whether, in fact hose rods were an ell and a half in length and an inch hick, as has been represented. The joke is said to have 1 ieen badly received, and that there, in fact, resulted rom it reciprocal blows from sticks, but not according] o the rules laid down by the law. It is also said that 1 he Harmonic Society of Darmstadt refused to take part j 1 the marriage ffite when they heard of the ordinance ( elatiye to the bIIItiDado. >

mptrial fIl,al'1iamtnt. HOUSE OF LORDS-FRIDAY. Lord DUNSANDLE called attention to the unsatisfac tory character of local legislation in Jamaica, and moved for returns on the subject. Lord Stanley of Alderley, consented to giveoxhut,I, and the motion, as thus amended, was agreed to. The Chimney Sweepers and Chimuey Regulation Bill passed through committee. HOUSE OF COMMONS-FRIDAY. Lord STANLEY moved the repeal of so much of a stan- ding order as related to the owning or using by railway companies of steam vessels, harbours, and (locki The order, as it stood, prevented railway compa. nies from becoming owners of steamships, and he proposed to leave committees to deal with the question whenever it was legitimately brought before them. The motion was negatived without a division. In reply to a question, Mr. LA YARD said that the Government had received indirect information of the outrages committed by the King of Abyssinia on the British and French consul and several missionaries, and that the subject was under serious consideration. In reply to Mr. J. B. Smith, Sir CHARLES WOOD said that the Indian financial statement would be made as sooj as the estimates were sufficiently advanced. On the order of the day for going into a committee of supply, Sir J. HAY submitted a motion for the abolition of the system of double government practised at Greenwich Hospital. Mr. CHILDERS said it bad been determined to carry out the reform embodied in the motion, and a bill to that object would be introduced next session. It Was also proposed to make other changes in the institution, and to limit admission to pensioners incapable of main, taining themselves outside the hospital ia consequence of age and infirmity. HOUSE OF LORDS.—MONDAY. The Lord Chancellor read two messages from the Crown. The first expressed her Majesty's desire to grant to Sir Richard Hill the sum of C21),000 in recog- nition of his eminent services in devising and carrying out reforms iu postal administration and the second message recommended the house to grant to the Coun. tess of Elgin an annuity of £ 1,000 in recognition of the public services performed through a long series of yeas by the late earl. It was agreed, on the motion of Earl GRANVILLE, to take the message into consideration on Friday. On the motion of Lord Stratheden, Earl RUSSFLL consented to produce the correspondence between the Foreign Office and the Russian Govern- ment respecting the imprisonment by the latter of the Rev. F. Anderson, a British subject, who, while travel, ling in Poland, was seized ou suspicion of being in league with the insurgents. The Public Schools Bill was read a second time; and the Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Amendment Bill was read a second time and passed. HOUSE OF COMMONS—MONDAY. Mr. CARDWELL stated that the proposal of the Go- vernment to guarantee a loan to New Zealand would be submitted to Parliament during the present session and the right honourable gentleman also said that mea- sures were in progress to reduce the imperial military expenditure in Ceylon. In answer to Mr. Laird, Mr. LAYARD said that if the honourable member would move for the papers relative to the seizure of the Chincha Islands by Spain they would be laid upon the table. Addresses from the Queen similar to those read in the House of Lords were brought up by Lord Palmerston, and it was agreed to take them into consideration on Thursday. Mr. B. OSBORNE asked for information respecting the Conference. Lord PALMERSTON reminded the honourable gentle- man that it was the unanimous wish of the plcnipoten- taries to keep secret for the present the nature of their deliberations, and he therefore could not give the house the information asked for. On the motion for going into a committee of supply, Lord H. LENNOX dedared that the reply of Lord Palmerston to the question put by Mr. Osborne was un- uitisfactory, and asked the last-mentioned honourable neinber to give notice of a motion with the object )f obtaining from her Majesty's Ministers informa- ,ion whether they had really abandoned the treaty of 852, Mr. OSBORNE declined to give any such notice unless le received from the Opposition side of the house an as- urance that he should not be met, as he was on a recent iccasion, with the "previous question." He was, how- iver, by no means satisfied with the answer given by jord Palmerston to his question and his opinion was hat the Conference had been convened more especially or the purpose of preserving the integrity of the noble ord's Cabinet than to prevent a dismemberment of Den- nark. Mr. DISRAELI also expressed dissatisfaction with the eply of the Premier, and said that it was the duty of Ministers to state candidly to the house whether they lad abandoned their former policy and sacrificed the rmty of 1852. Lord PALMERSTON complained that the debate was an .ttack upon him at a time when he was tongue-tied by jledges not to reveal the proceedings of the Conference. fe challenged Mr. Disraeli to declare his policy on the Danish question, and to take the sense of the house tip. in it in opposition to the Government. After some further discussion, the subject dropped, ,nd the house went into a committee of supply. A vote of £ 15,000 as the first annual instalment of he sum of zEI50,000 for the erection of a new National Jallery on the site of Burlington House was strongly ipposed and rejected by 174 against 122. HOUSE OF LORDS—TUESDAY. The Penal Servitude Acts Amendment Bill passed hrough committee, after being amended by a provision hat criminals previously convicted twice or more times hould receive a minimum sentence of seven years' penal ervitude. HOUSE OF COMMONS—TCESCAY. Lord C. PAGET stated, in reply to Mr. H. Berkeley, that he had no objection to publish a return of the number of royal naval reserve men absent from the United Kingdom. His lordship added that those men who had gone to the Confederate or Federal States of America had been discharged from the force. Mr. LINDSAY moved an address for a copy of any cor- respondence which had passed between her Majesty's Go- vernmentand the Governments of France, Spain, and Por- tugal from 1850 to 1863 inclusive, relating to the abro- gation of the discriminating duties still levied upon British vessels trading with those countries. The hon. gentleman expressed his conviction that if the Govern- ment did its duty the example set by this country in repealing the navigation laws would ultimately be for lowed by France and other nations. Mr. MiLNm GIBSON consented to produce the corrMj pondence. He pointed out that great prejudice exi8ted in foreign countries against free trade, and that notMj; but time could bring about the desired results. He assured the house that her Majesty's Government had taken advantage of every opportunity of impressing upon foreign Powers the necessity of revising their navigation laws. The motion was agreed to. Mr. CAIRD moved the following resolution That in the opinion of this house the collection and earty publication of the agricultural statistics of Great Bn^tain would be advantageous to the pllblie inwrest." He Mm t would a great boon to farmers to know at the earlies )osbible period the quantity of grain likely to luced in the country, so that they might be able tO mter foreign markets upon something like fair terlwl He proposed that the statistics should be collected" ler the direction of the officers engaged in the ordnance mrve y Colonel BARTTFLOT opposed the scheme, believing ;o be impracticable. Mr. MILNER GIBSON not only declined to give ev in indirect sanction to the proposal to employ the ord* lance survey officers in collecting the statistics, noved the previous question. On a division, the motion was adopted by 74 voteS Lgainst 62 Mr. BOUVERIE obtained leave to bring in a b¡J! i0 epeal the declaration of conformity with the liturgy he Church of England, and leave it to the college, to nake the best provision they could for their wte md the interests of the universities.

-Another attempt is being made to recover the vlj"3* )le cargo of the ship Sir Henry Pottinger, which  wrecked about two yean ago on the C'?f. 81 Sands, Carmarthen Bay. Several expert divers are a work, and it is hoped that they will succeed Îl1 secur- ug some of the cargo. We (Army and Navy Gazette) understand that Sir W. Fenwick Williams, whose period of staff service has eX. ired, will continue to fill the command in India for II few months longer, in order the more satisfactorily to jomplete certain details connected with our miutWT ar UgOMOUtA ia Britieh lid America. 1