Herald of Wales and Monmouthshire Recorder

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HUNGARIAN WHO GAVE A FALSE DESCRIPTION. At the Swansea Police Court- before Mr. H. A. Chapman, Dr. Nelson Jones, Messrs. Gwiiym Morgan, John Recs, D. Griffiths, J. Devonald, and T. Jones--Karl Topolovec (28), fireman, was charged, being an alien enemy, with being in a prohibited am (Swansea) without the permission of the Aliens' Registra- tion Officer, and with making a false declaration of nationality to the officer. Through an interpreter, he admitted the offence, elected to be dealt with sum- marily. and said he was a Hungarian. Detective-Sergeant Hayse said on the 27th March accused came to the Aliens Officer and said be ivished to register as an alivn. When a-*ked his nationality he said he was a Serb, producing a letter from the Customs Officer to that effect. He was ac-cordngly so registered. On the 15th April he returned to the port and again declared himself a Serb. At that time he was sick and witness 43ent him to the Workhouse Infirr#ify. While there, rather ill, he said he wished to retract a false statement as to nation- ality, adding that he was a Hungarian. When witness asked why he made the false dtatement, he replied: When the war broke out I was afraid. I always come to work in England." Through the interpreter, prisoner now said lie had not been very well in his head and did things he ought not to have done. He begged pardon. He was sent down for three months.

A MUMBLES Will. Mr. Thomas Norton Home, of Slade- I road, Nevyton, Mumbles, who died on March. 17th last, left estate of the. gross value of 1:1,393 13s. 6d., with net. person- alty t3,607 8s. 6d, and probate of his will has been grafted to the Public Trustee and his son, Mr. Francis Edward Home, of Newton. The testator left his household and per- sonal effects to his wife, Mrs. Mary Jane Home, and the'residue of his estate -e left as to one-third to his eon, Fràncis Edward Home; one-third upon trust far his daughter, Frances Home; and one- third upon trust for his daughter-in-law. Sarah Ann Home for life with the re- mainder to her childrea, Wynne, Frank and, cquotan". t

BASE'S DEATH. j — MEDICAL CUSTOM CRITICISED BY I SWANSEA CORONER. Extraordinary evidence as to a child of four months who died while in the charge of a boy of 17, ard a doctor who gave a certificate of death when he. had not seen the child since death, or for seven days before, was given at an inquest held by the Swansea Deputy Coroner (Mr. Glyn Morris), at St. Thomas Church Hall, Swansea, on the four months' old child of Mr. and Mrs. Ernest John Clarke, 45, Kilvey-road. Emily Clarke said she was the wife of Ernest John Clarke, a stoker in the Navy. The child had been delicate since birth, and had been medically atended. The doctor told hej; in tho first instance that she was over-feeding it. He told her the I proper quantities of food, and she gave them, hyt the child still remained thin and sometimes vomited. It cried a great deal on Wednesday, but on Thursday I seemed bright. In the evening at 6.30 she left it in bed allrigbt, with her brother, a' youth of 17, in charge. He had been in charge half on hour previously in the day. She had told him not to go out, but he had been out. When she returned at 9.50 he was in. the house was full of people, and the baby was dead. In reply to her questions her brother said he weni I' out about 7.15, but went to thl) child ni 8.30, found the bottle empty, washed and filled it. He said the child refused to take the bottle, and that he came down -nd told a neighbour he thought it was dead And it was. By a jiirymaa: She thought it was saf,, in bed, with this boy looking after it Dr. W. E. Fellowe:3 said the child's condition, when he first saw it, was at- tributable to weakness at birth and over- feeding—to kindness rather than neglect. There were numbers of such esses occurr- ing, he added It was the quantity of food given that caused the trouble. I1, did not improvo, although his instruc- tions were carried out. He had not seen the body since death, but gave the certi- ficate now in the hands of the Coroner. The Coroner: Is it usual to give certi- ficates of death without seeing the body? Witness: I never see the body in th- usual way, unless I am ordered by the Coroner, or there is some special reason. The wording of the certificate snys noth- ing about seeing the body; only as to when I last saw the patient alive. The Coroner: You take the -wor d of the perfaon who coimes to- say that he is dead ? H'otw long .bedorethe dhild died did you aee it?—Seven days previously. The Cononer said the doctor would have ito see Jfche body, and witness accord- ingly left for blmt purpose. Howell Edward Morgan (17), of 153, Foshoile-Toad, corroborated his sister's evidence that he was left in charge. He had been in charge of the chiM before, he eaid, end On this o-coasgi,(m his sister came for bim. He arrived at T.15. gave ithe o?hLNr cqiildx( ? before I godrtg upstairs. He tdien found the l boottile empty, made some food, and on i tak-itig the child in his arms found drt I wae evidently dead, and aalleid a neigh- bour. After a delfay of three-quianters of an ,hour, Dr. Fellowes returned and said the i.ndi'caitions were that death was from alronic entferitis, as bebad certified, the causes being 018 (he had st.atted-delicacy at birth and overfeeding, the former-be- ing the greater. The CoToneT said lie considered it lax of the mother to, leawe the, dhild with "'he boy, and the doctor's giving the cer- tificate after seven days seemed a very lax way off doing things. It was a differ- ent tiling when tJJere were indicattdons .that an elderly patient would live only ten Owjur 'or twoT Within the seven days the child might have been overlaid or murdered. The Witness: It is tihe usual prajetacev The Coroner: If it is (the usual prac- tice, At feeaus to be 'a very flimsy way otf doing thing's, and it is otpeai -to all sorts of abuses. The child anight not have been dead for all Ton know. The witness said these cases seldom re- covered. He did not deny that the practice was very lax; it was being con- sidered, he believed. The jury returned a verdict of "Death from natural causes," and agreed with the Coroner's remarks as to laxity.

SOUTH WALES FARMERS DISCUSS I CO-OPERATION. A meeting of representatives of agri- cultural co-operative societies in South Wales was held at the Hotel Cameron, Swansea, on Saturday afternoon, the ob- ject being to lay before the farming com- munity tiie objects of the Farmers' Cen- tral Trading Board, with the object of forming a section for South Wales. Mr. W. J. Pla/cr, J.P., Clydach-on- Tawe, presided, and was supported by Mr. Walter Williams (organiser for South Wales, and secretary for the South Wales branch of the Agricultural Organisation Society), Mr. Portsell (London, secretary of the Board), and Mr. B. John (Clynder- wen, one of the directors). Representa- tives were present from the following societies:—Llandovery, Llangadock, Cly- dach-on-Tawe, Llanelly, West Glamorgan, Gower, Neath, Pontardawe. The Chairman, at the outset, explained the difference between the Agricultural Organisation Society and the Central Trading Board. The A.O.ii assisted and informed the district co-operative societies, but it had no power or authority to do any trading itself. The Central Trading Board was a combination formed with tho object of assisting the district societies to buy their requirements more cheaply, and on better terms than if they themselves made arrangements indivi- dually with the manufacturers. The Board was formed in September, 1912, ana one of the chief things they had dealt in at present was basic 6lag. Mr. Walter Williams said the various co-operative agricultural societies in South Wales had a membership of 6,000. ,Each of these societies had been fighting its own battles in the past. The Central Trading Board was purely a business movement, out to serve the interests of the district societies by buying in bulk, and representing them in the markets of the world. The agricultural co-operative movement had been a great blessing to farmers during the past few months. He ventured to submit that farmers would have had to pay 25 per cent. more for their feeding stuffs had it not been for their co-operation. A profitable discussion took place. Mr. Bassett (secretary of the West Glamorgan Society), said lio considered the Central Trading Board the only solu- tion of the difficlties farmers experienced in buying to-day. The manufacturers of manures and other commodities had com- bines, but they were not willing for the r farmers to combine. lIe believed the Cen- tral Trading Board was the proper or- ganisation to deal with the situation. A resolution was passed that a. section of the Trading Board be formed for South Wales, and that the secretary of each affiliated society, and one member of each society, be appointed on the section, which will be a consultative body. I Mr. John, of Clynderwen, was appointed secretary pro tern, and it was decided to hold the next meeting at Swansea.

,rReynold's" has the authority of the Chancellor of -the Exchequer for stating that Liberals need be in no way alarmed that anything chat is happening in the political world at the present moment will in any way prejudice tho prospecis of the great measures with which they have been so long; identified, and to the successful carrying through of which I they rightly attach so much importance, j

THREE WEEK'S BATTLEI ANOTHER GREAT GERMAN EFFORT I FAILS. The following descriptive account which has been communicated by an Eye-witness present with the General Headquarters, continues and supplements the narrative j published on the 16th inst. of the i movements of the British Forces and the French Armies in immediate touch with it. May 18th—The struggle for Ypres con- tinued on Thursday, May 13th. As al- ready described, Wednesday, May 12th, had been devoted to an artillery action by both eides, and early on the morning of Thursday this was renewed with even greater violence, especially in the sector between the Ypres—St. Julien-road and the men in the high road. On the extreme right of this sector, im- mediately north of the high road, our troops held firm in spite of everything, but further to the north they fell back on to the supporting line. About the same time a strong infantry attack, supported with heavy artillery, was delivered against our position, north of Wieltje, and here the line was tem- porarily broken, but a counter-attack was undertaken without delay, by which the Germans were forced back, and our line was re-established. In their advance in this quarter they suffered enormous losses- While this was' going on our line be- tween Verlorenhoek and the Y pre6- Roulers Railway was subjected to an even heavier bombardment, and a gap was thus made in our lines. The eneiyy's infantry, however, did not attempt to push forward in large numbers, and by counter-attacking to the north of Hooge and in the neighbourhood of Verloren- hoek, we succeeded in re-occupying our trenches, or rather the craters, which represented them. As our men crept up behind a rise, j and were awaiting the signal for the at- j tack, a party of Germans was suddenly seen to bolt to the rear. lmmadiately | someone raised the cry, They're off," and our whole line raced forward. As they did so all the German infantry, in- cluding those of the support and reserve trenches, broke and tied to the reat, suffering severely from our artillery and machine guns in doing so. We took some prisoners. The position about Verlorenhoek was again subjected to a tremendous artil- lery and machine-gun fire. During the night the line was re- established a little way behind the original trenches which had been de- stroyed. Throughout these very trying opera- tions, during which our men were often lying exposed for hours to a murderous artillery fire, they remained perfectly steady and unshaken, and were always perfectly ready to dig themselves in or to advance again against the enemy as the situation required. This was due in no email part to the devotion of the oiffcers. One, and his case is not exceptional, whose thigh had been shattered by a splinter, refused to be carried away, and lay on the ground in the open giving orders, and directing operations all through the fighting. When the retirement took place four of his men tried to rescue him, three were shot in the attempt, and he ordered the fourth to leave him, and rejoin his regi- ment. He was not recovered until the night of the 14th. Thursday night passed quietly, and by the morning of Friday, the 14th, our linf was strengthened and the enemy's further efforts were awaited with confidence. The shelling was less heavy, and the day passed without incident, no attempt at advance being made. A number of Germans, concentrating near the Ypres—Roulers Railway, and to the west of Wieltje, were fired on by our guns, and later on some could be seen digging themselves in along the Haane- beek stream near the line of trenches we have evacuated. This interval of comparative peace was employed by us in collecting the wounded, many of whom were lying between the hostile lines. Our reconnoitring patrols reported that the ground was littered thickly with killed and wounded Germans and a quantity of equipment. The trenches on the previous day were noticed to be full of German equipment which had been thrown away to facilitate their flight. The prisoners stated their losses on tJie 13th had be-en very severe. Thus ended for the moment at least the protracted figftrting round Ypres, which had continued intonnitftently from April 22nd. Throughout this three peeks' battle "he enemy consistently held to his plan of driving us back on Ypres by means of simultaneous pressure from the north and the east of the salient, his attacks being supported by great masses of heavy artil- lery. The assaults have uniformly failed with enormous losses, although on a few occasions where our front trenches have been evacuated, the enemy has succeeded in occupying portions of our line, and our general front has had to be con- tracted. The German infantry has been sacri- ficed with the usual disregard for loss, being used rather as a screen for machine- guns and artillery than anything else. Wherever the fighting has resolved it- self into gpurely infambry action, our men have proved their superiority again and again. There have, indeed, been many occasions, both here and further south, on which the German infantry, in spite of its courage, has shown marked lack of training, discipline and cohesion, and it would seem that it is now the enemy's policy to make up for any deficiency in such respects by strengthening the elaborate series of entrenchments behind their first line, and by multiplying the number of machine-guns placed so as to bring cross-fire to bear on every position of the front. The importance they at- tach to these weapons is shown by the fact that officers are now being employed to man them. On the rest of our line Friday was an unc-venitful day. The Germans showed great nervousness in the early hours of the morning in the neighbourhood of Richebourg and Festubert where they opened a rapid rifle fire, as if expecting an assault. They aleo shelled Bethune in- termittently without doing any damage of military importance. The day of the 15th also passed quietly, but during the night, and before the dawn of the 16th, events were in progress on a portion of the front far removed from Ypres. which were to render Sunday the reverse of a day of rest, as has so fre- quently happened in this campaign. We renewed our attack between Richebourg, L'Avone, and festubert. In this area, as will be remembered, no progress had been made on May 9th, but since then the whole of the enemy's de- fences, including the redoubts and machine-gun posts in the rear ot the line have been subjected to a deliberate and accurate artillery fire. Our renewed effort was made generally from that portion of our front which from Richebonrg follows the line of the road known as the Rue-de- Bois. running south of road until it reaches the turninx to La Quinque Rue, and then, taking a turn southwards, pass- ing in front of Festubert. The first at- tack took place from our trenches in front of Richebourg at 11.30 p.m. The enemy in this quarter was oh the qui vive. evidently expecting an attack, and the moment our men left the trenches the whole sky was lit up with innumerable flares, which shed a tiright white light over a very large area. On the extreme left sector our advance was checked, many of our men being shot as they clambered over our own parapets, i and a second attempt to push on, made somewhat later, met with the came fate i I But on the right sector we were more successful, and the assaulting troops at once gained the enem/'e fixat line. Owing ( to the failure of the advance farther north, the left of this attack did not push on beyond the first line of the German trenches, and threw back its flank to connect with our original line, but the' centre and right were soon firmly estab- lished in the German second line. The gain of ground( amounting to. 800 yards in frontage, and about 600 in depth at the furthest point. This attack near Richebourg, however was only part of the whole operation planned. Four hours later, soon after 3.0 a.m. on Sunday, another assault was carried out on the part of the line imme- diately to the north of Festubert. It seems the Germans were not expecting a blow at this point, and that their atten- tion was fully occupied with our offen- sive farther north. Our infantry carried the whole of their entrenchments, which were of a most i intricate character, without any great difficulty on a front of some 1,200 yards,! and such was their dash that they pressed I on beyond the enemy's third line, and rushed one supporting point after another until at the furthest point they had penetrated 1,200 yards lind tho, German front in the direction of the Rue Du Marais. Over 100 prisoners were taken, including three officers. There is no doubt that the Germans were taken by surprise, and some of them received the order to Hands up," as they sat round their fires in the dug-outs. One captured non-commissioned officer said that they were engaged in carrying out a relief when our men were upon them, and that had ollw attack been de- i layed for a quarter of an hour they would have been ready for it. All the pri- i soners testified to the heavy casualties the enemy had suffered from our artillery fire in the past few days, and also to the damage that had been inflicted on their artillery, four field guns, two howitzers and many machine-guns having been de- stroyed. The position thus gained early on Sun- day morning formed a couple of formid- able wedges driven into the German line I at a distance apart of about 1,000 yards. This intervening space, which was I strongly held and entrenched, included two lines of breastworks running from front to rear, and constructed so as to I give fire laterally in both directions be. hing the front, and also a series of re- doubts, consisting of strongly fortified j posts and farm buildings connected by treDches" Against these we could for a time make 1, no further progress, but on the right our men cleared the German first line trenches for a distance of 300 or 400 yards towards I Festubert, driving out the defenders with hand grenades thrown over the traverses. I About 10.30 a.m. a: determined effort was made to turn out and cut off the Ger- mans in the space between the two pqr- j tions of their position captured by press- ing on northwards from La Quinque Rue across their communications, but the at- tack failed. The enemy's breastworks were well armed with machine-guns, be- hind steel shields, which could only lie destroyed by high explosives. Another attempt in this direction made by us later met with the same result, During the afternoon, however, some, little progress was made at various points by bombing parties working along the tienchea, and by avenine- two hundred prisoners had fallen into our hands. These prisoners varied greatly in quality, many being of fine physique and of soldierly bearing, and others appear- ing demoralised, untrained, and undisci- plined. Ita olds; spoke yithj great contempt of the drafts they had lately received. One batch of men was evidently composed of recruits. A German Unter Oiiizier, who was with them, was told to fall in for examination, but as they did not move on his word of command, he seized on one man, shook him, and cuffed him unmercifully. An- other, and even more surprising example of German methods, was iecently given in a hospital. A slightly wounded Prussian officer was placed between two of his men, who were both suffering from very severe wounds. The day was chilly and he had only one blanket, so instead ot asking for more he ordered the soldiers to give him theirs. He then went to sleep wrapped in three blankets, leaving his men to sleep with no covering. Throughout tho day our guns hampered the reinforcements of the enemy's first line troops by shelling those who were seen concentrating in the rear, and they also made good practice against the hostile artillery. At one period they stopped by their fire the pro- gress of a convoy of forty motor-'buses filled with troops which were observed to be proceeding along the road from La Bassee to Violaines, accompanied by a body of infantry on foot. The infantry were dispersed. The result of the day was that the enemy's line was broken in two plates over a front of some two miles with a short space in between, and that at one point we had penetrated right through his whole series of entrench- ments. At this spot our line formed pronounced salient, defended by a breast work, and during the night the Germans counter-attacked and forced us to evacu- ate the most exposed portion of it. All our other gains were maintained. Our troops were much encouraged by their success by the number of prisoners taken ,and at the manner in which the enemy were surrendering in batches. It was felt that the pressure exerted by us and by the French was having its effect on the German resistance, and was cf good augury for the future.

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A BIG BITE. Substantial Advance Made by the British. Eye-Witness," in a message issued by the Press Bureau on Sunday afternoon, states:— Our action during the first half of last week consisted almost entirely in con- solidating and expanding the gain in ground made last Sunday. The ground our troops were holding projected a& two salients into the enemy < territory; one south of Richebourg L'Avone, and the other to the north of Festubert. The purpose of the operation taken on Monday was to connect up the space which lay between them. In this we were successful. At 9.30 on Monday morning our forces attacked the enemy, occupying this area from the north and the south, and gradually drove him from all his entrenchments within it. Over 300 Ger- mans surrendered. Our troops having joined hands, then pressed the enemyitill further eastwards, more prisoners .being taken. Our troops 011 the right, in front of Festubert, also made good progress south- wards along the German trenches up to a short distanco south of Festubert. By mid-day the total front of the bite I taken by us out of the enemy's position was almost exacftly two miles long. On- Tuesday a further push forward was made in the centre of our line. [ Qu Wedaaaflay Ut&e fighting took place, the time being spent mainly in strength- ening our positions and resting the men. Our losses, though not light, have not been so 6evere as those which the previous figlinting of fhie character has entai'led.

ANOTHER SWANSEA HERO'S DEATH IN ACTION. From a Merthyr comrade who saw Turn fall, and knew' that he was missing at the end of the battle. Mrs. Evnns, 33, Kilvey-terrace, Swansea, has learnt that her husband, Corporal James Evans, of the South WeileA Borderers, was killed near Ypres on May 9th. He enlisted in September,, and having previously been in the A.S.C., was sent to the front on November 1st. He had a very trying winter, seeing ocmrades falling at his side, making new friends and losing them, and was often up to his waist in water. But up to May Sth, when he last wrote his wife, he had not received the slightest injury. In that last lettpr he spoke of a big battle just opening, and wished his wife and the children good-bye in case he did not come through it alive. If wounded, he would telegraph, he said. He ap- parently came through the first portion of the battle unscathed, to fatl in the second. The Merthyr comrade, who wrote his wife, as well as another brother-soldier from Ystradgynlais, who was home wounded, spoke of him as a brave, cool, soldier. He was 32 years of age. and be&ides hia wife, leaves a boy and girl and a motliei in Singleton-street.

BIG BLAZE AT SWANSEA. A fire broke out on the premises of Mr. Christopher Hodge, builder aud con- tractor, of Wj-ndham-street, Swansea, on Saturday morning, and owing t.o tha dry atmosphere and the inflammable material at hand quickly assumed serious proportions. Mr. Hodge's yard was well stocked with timber and his workshops contained a quantity of valuable machinery which he used in the course of his business, as well as many finished articles for use in the building trade. Mr. Hodge estimates hia lom at .21,000 at least, and thus is covered by in- surance, but, of course, he will be un- able to recover for loas of business. Con- sidarable work was in hand, valuable machinery was destroyed, (and eighteem men wiil be temporarily thro-wn out ad work.

COULD NOT ENLIST. At an inquest which was held aft Maidenhead concerning the death Qf Mr. Frederick Lucas Richardson, second son of the late Mr. Jeremiah Clark. Richardson, of Derwen Fawr. Swansea, He was 52 years of age, and was found dead at the Bear Hotel, High-street, Maidenhead, on Tuesday night with a terrible wound in the throat, nearly severing the head from the body. The jury returned a verdict of Suicide whilst temporarily insane." It was stated that deceased's last permanent address was the Yacht Club, Mumbles.

The death is announced of M. "Pigins Martin, the inventor of the process of manufacturing steel, which bears hia name (Somen's Martin steel), and by which means nearly two-thirds of th- world's sfcel is produced.,