Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald and North and South Wales Independent

TUESDAY'S PROCEEDINGS. THE PROCESSrOX. llwudi most of the delegates had arrived in town the night before, the opening of the conjrdis cotok place* on Tuesday, when the lojal committee marched in procession to meet tte delegates at the station. The local corn- 'formed in procession in Castle-square, ar.J, heidrd by the pipers of Ireland and Seot- lan.d and marshalled oy the Borough Surveyor and Mr Thomas Jones, the late postmaster of Carnarvon, they marched past the Guild! Halt to the railway station. There the bards in their rojes were waiting, together with the members of the Carnarvon Corporation and the delegates from the various nationalities. It? was a •briuiant, sigh:. The Gorsedd representatives, in their jy-bes of white, blue, and green, the Mayors of Carnarvon. Bangor, Conway, and fl,1r1;1"ery. in their -robe>s of scarlet, the beauti- J., Gorsedd banner, and the picturesque Scotch- man dres-aed in kilts, made an imposing array, whilst tine pipe.? played' martial music. The street^ were thronged with people as the pro- cession wended its way from the station to die Cattle, via Bridge-street and the Square, in the following order :—^Scotch and Irish pipers, Gbr- sedjd -word. G'orsedd delegates, Manx flag, Manx delegates, Speaker of the House of Keys, B.r^on tla^. Breton Gorsedd, Breton delegates, -Mwquis d el' E»cou r be i 11 op. Scottish Hag, Hi<rh,- J&nd delegates, Irfeh flag. Irish delegates Dublin ^rporation, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, Welsh Hag, Welsh delegates, the Mayor 1"f Caernarvon, tlfe Mayor of Bangor, the Mayor of Conway, the Mayor of Llandovery, Caernarvon Town Coun- cilCaernarvon Congress Committee, the Depu- ty Constable of the Castle, the Hon. Secretary of t..1; National Eisteddfod Association (SiT T. i Marohant Williams), Pan-Celtic-banner, the Lilli Citiei", Mr S. Maurice Jones (representing the fRoyd Cambrian Academy of Art, the President, the L frd Lieutenant of Caernarvon, the Gorsedd I banner, the Archdruid, carriages containing members of the Celtic Association and dis- ticguwhed visitors. THE "LIA CINEIL." The procession formed a circle in the Castle. and the walls were thronged by thousands of spectators during th-e unique ceremony of lay- ing aha Lia -Cineil. "The Rock of Nations." Thiv wm a symbolical ceremony, five boulders Of granite having been specially preparerKto represent tihe five Celtic nations, and tihese fi;t:ng into each other formed a column, around whiah the prooe^xlings at the Castle and the formal opening of the congress wer# to take pita-je. First of all. the Lord Mayor of Dublin came forward, arsi, speaking in -Giaelic, isaiid the foundation stone of the Lia. Cineil had been well and truly laid. Then came the Mayor of Carnarvon and laid tiha Welsh stone, deelarinsr he did so knowing that- t!her? was "Calon wrth galon" and! "Duw a phob daioni." In the name of ancient Alban, Mr Napier la|d the third stone to represent the Highlands or Scotland: and the Marquis del'Esterbeillon '■(Brittany i and the Rev W. Cooke (Manxland) performed similar ceremonies for their respective Castries. The Lia Cineil then stood, like a monument, jretpresentinff how the five nations stood as one, and the circle was formed much as the ancient Gorsedd. Mr Emlyn Davies was called *pon to sing, and he splendidly rendered1 a iWelsh air. It was at this stage tha.t Hwfa Mon, the :a.g,¿>!(j Archdruid of Wales, put in an appearance, and, Supported by Wabcyn Wyn and EifionyHd, proceeded! towards the Logan Stone midst the plaudisis of the assembled throng. THE PRO-CLAMATIOX. Lord Castletown called' upon Mr T. Gwynn Jones, one of the hon. sees., to read the pro- clamation of the the Gtorsedd, which be did in W.el"h in a clear voice, saying Yn gymaint » bod yr hil Geltaidd yn un, a "bod i'w rhwymo ynghyd rvvmau tragvwvdd, ac yn gymaint a. chytuno o bobloedd yr hil Geltaidd ar srvfamod be3<fvroh a chyfeillgarweh yn Ninas Dulyn, yn INiieymas IW2"¿:ùon yn y flwyddyn 1901 o oedi Crist,: Weithian yr ydyrn nit Llvwvdd. Swvdd- oarjon, ac aelo-iau v Gvmdeitihas Geltaidd. a ni yn geidwaid vr heddweh a'r cvfeillgarwch a grybwyllwvd. drwv hyn yn cvnnull ad gymani'a o'r cenedloedki Celtaidd. nid amgen y genedl Gymreia1, v gsnedl Wvdidelig, y genedl Lydiewtg, ■y'trsnedl Albanaidd. a' r c^ned! Fanawaidd. ac yrTswahocd ac yn erclii dyfod1 i'r gvmanfa hon baVo a Vnhvn i'r cvfrvw crenedloedd, a pJbawo V iyvd l vn gweithio dros gadw bywyd jxo ar- }aricn y csnedlo«l<J >iyny, tel y bo iddynt Viwvf.haii beunydd ervflrau eu bywvd cenedh?; h-ttivoedd Celtaidd. ac adnewyddu v cyfamoi heddw-. a chyfeillgarwch a wnawd yn 'Nina* Dulyn yn y flwyddyn a grYDwyltwyd et:"oe-s. 6 Mr O'Conrc.U r-.d a similar pre tarnation in 'Gaelic, and followed it. with a speech. GORSEDD CEREMONY. The Mayor of Carnarvon having formally 'declared the congress opened, Corn Gwlad was sounded according1 to Druidic rites and Rwfa Mon, in stentorian tones, with the Gorsedd awjrd half unsheathed, deananded "A oes hedd- I v.ch t' (Is there Peace!. Peace replied the assembly. Again and again did the Archdruid repeat the questun, andi at last being satisfied •with tho. repe'-tt-f d assurances, echoed along the boary walls of the Castle, ordered the sheath- inn' of t^e swoi-d, and called upon his satellites 'to*bleSk« the eongress. They did so. First- came Watcyn Wyn and after him Gwynfor and' ^Lord Capetown next introduced the Marquis l'Rgterbeiiion, who delivered a short Breton •address, which was followed by baroic addresses by EiSon^dd and Alafon. :n.u Welsh speech. sa*d this was a -at^ring of the C'dtic nations for the B Thev had not met in fcej. s?dd. recognised' neither. They ha a work Jo do io literature and poetrv and music and art oonnectvon with tfc.- Celtic nations. He wished great suc^ss to this congress to carry on tn, eraat work it had commenced, and' further tne propagation of Celtic literature and art through- out the world. Cadvxn and Ifano Jones followed with bardic after which the ceremony at the CI.3tle was broiTglr, to a close bv the singing of the "National Aathem, Mr Emlyn Davieg laadai"? MAYOR'S RECEPTION. The Mayor and! Mayoress of Carnarvon held a reception at the Pavilion later in the- afrer- noon at which fully 4OOpeoule were present. T"he pa.viEm bad been prettily decorated and 'dr ip^-d with muslin of the Celtic col outs. The Ti'^iiih^r in bloom "tr.ide a beautiful border to a m 05t ar'-istie tho'iah simple.decoration. Mot- "Erv- Ervr-»d Eryri." and the arms r +i Rn!v i! "Tribes "of Wales and the fifteen l-v-a on the walls, and here arid oeher tnbe>. de^g55ed ^ie1(ls of thd ^ier^, i';f„ a thje devise of Mt» Peter Ha"tos"" 'rt 'r-cioVnds ta tlve_ credit of-th« Mayoress t^at the whole ^CQrjtions were £ 5-out undhr her personal direction. Never did the Pavilion present a prettier appearance, fen it did uo^n this Q^sion- ac<?epted! TUo following is a li^t oj. tno~e the invitation of the Mayor and aJ The Lo'rd--Lieu"tenant and Mrs. ^reave^, the. Alavr-of Ban rorV.d Mk Matthews, the Igor of C-oivway OLdman, the Mayor of l>2li ..nd the Mayoress, the Mayor of Llandov; e**v and the Mayoress. Lord Castletown, 'Abbey*; j vin. r'onnt, Pbnkei:, Dublin: Mr M. T. O Malj Uv Pii' ,1 in Mr H. J. MeDermot, ;I>nblin :j •p-v Profe-sor Murohy. M.A., T.C.D.. Enfield; '•Tenth: L''3-+- -Colonel Maurice Mf»ore, O Mu'llinear; Rev .Tohn Lew«s. Dublin Mr E W. Disby, B E., T.C.D.. D'lblin: Mr K V EouTTvi^, B.&c., Dublin; Mr T. 0 Neill Ru-vsell, pnblhV- Mr an.1. Mrs John Rees..Car- -n-rvon- Rev R D. Rowlands and Mrs Row- Bods, Carnarvon Mr and MrlS W. J. Williams, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs J. T. Roberts, Carn&r- j von; Mr and Mrs E. R. Evans, Carnarvon Rev Ishmael Evans and Mrs Evans, Carnarvon Rev Ishmael Evans and Mrs Evans, Carnarvon Mr and Mrs David Roberts, Waterloo House, Carnarvon; Mr T. 0. Jones (Gwynfor) and Miss Jonee, Carnarvon; Mr and! Mrs Dan Kelly, Carnarvon; Rev Gwilym Lewis and MTS Lewis, Carnarvon; Rev .Father J., H. Jones, Carnarvon; Mr John Thomas (Eifionydd), Car- narvon Mr and Mrs John Williams, Carnar- von Mr M. T. Morris, J.P-, and Miss Morris, Carnarvon: Mr and Mrs W. H. Owen, Carnar- von Mr Robert Bryan and Miss Evans, Car- narvon; Rev D. Stanley Jones and Mrs Jones. Carnarvon Mr and MTS J. H. Roberts, Carnar- von; Mr and Mrs J. Rhys Morgan, Carnarvon Mr John Jones, Carnarvon; Rev E. James Jonee, M.A-, and Mrs Jones, Carnarvon; Rev J. E. Hughes, M.A., and Mrs Hughes, Car- narvon Mr and Mrs William Jones, Carnarvon Rev Evan Jones and Mis« Jones, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs H. Isigaer Lewis, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs .Evan Williams, Carnarvon; Mr and Mm G. 0. Griffith, Carnarvon; Mr J. Wynne Parry, Carnarvon Mr and Mrs Beriah G. Ev- ans, Carnarvon Mr Peter .Hughes and Miss Hughes, Carnarvon; Mr S. Maurice Jones. A.R.C.A., Carnarvon; Mr al!ld Mrs Charles Howard, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs C. A. Jones, Carnarvon; 1ft and Mrs John Menzies, Carnar- von Mr and Mrs A. W. Kay-Menzies, Carnar- von Mr and Mrs Edward Roberts, Carnarvon Mr and Mrs W. Gwenlyn Evans, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs Richard Prichard, Carnarvon; Mr William Eames, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs R. D. Williams, Cajnarvtm Mr and Mrs Mar- tin Conlan, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrg. Walter Thomas, Carnarvon; Mr and Misa Or wig Wil- liams, Carnarvon; Mr and Mra M. P. Edwards, Clarna.rvon; Mr H. S. Shimmin, Carnarvon; Mr Aneurin Williams and Mfes Williaims, Oar- mlrvon; Mr W. H. Parry and Mrs Parry, Car- narvon Mr and Mrs Robert Williams, Carnar- von Mr and Mrs T. Gwynn-Jones, Carnarvon Mr R. Gwyneddon Davies, and Misa Nest Da- vies, Carnarvon Alderman and Mrs John Will- liams, Alderman and Mrs R. Norman Davies, Alderman J. P. Gregory and Miss Williams, Alderman Edward Hughes a.nd Miss Hughes. Alderman and Mrs D. T. Lake, Alderman and Mrs R. Parry, Councillor and Mrs William Hamer, Councillor and Mrs G. R. Grimth, Coun- cillor and MTS J. T. Roberts, Councillor and Mrs John Fletcher, Councillor and Mrs Griffith Owen, Councillor and Mrs Ed. Parry, Coun- cillor and Mrs John Davies, Councillor and Mrs John Prichard, Councillor Richard Tliomas, Councillor Owen Evans, Councillor and. MTS Robert Newton, Councillor and Mrs Nath. Ro- berts. Councillor and Mrs D. T. Edwards, Coun- cillor and Mrs M. E. Xee, Councillor and Mrs R. E. Owen, Councillor and Mrs R. E. Evans, Mr and Mrs R. 0. Roberts, Mr and Mrs G. H. 'Hum pi treys, Mr and Mrs G. Re Rees, Mr J. Issard Davits, J.P., MT and Mrs J. R. Prit- chard, Carnarvon; Mr Robert Roberts, J.P., Carnarvon; Mr and Mrs Hugh Jones, Carnar- j von Mr and Mrs J. R. Hughes, Carnarvon Captain G. B. Thomas. Carnarvon; Mr Sealer Thomas, Carnarvon; Mr and Mrx Mansorgh, ■ Grarage-over-Sandjs; Speaker Moore, C.V.O., Douglas; Rev Canon Savage, Douglas; Dr Ctague, Castletown; Mr T. C. Orellin, H.K., I D'ouglas; Mr E. C. Qukrgin, M.A., Peel; Mr I R. Lace, Peel: Miss Crellin, Peel; Mies Corrin,, | Peel; Mr W. Quayle, C.P., Peel; Mr H. Kelly, Peel; Mrs Laughton, Peel; the Misses Savage, Peel I)* Cregeen, Peel; Mr T. Moore, Pet;1; Mr J. Costain, Peel: Miss Joughin, Peel; Miss 'Greer, Peel; Mis-s Morrison. Peel; editor. "Tsie of Man Examiner," Douglas; editor, "Manx Sun," Douglas: the Bishop cf St. Asaph Mr M. A. L. Clews, J.'P., Rhyl; Mr Arthur How- rands, Rhyl; Mr M. P. Mostyn Williams, Rhyl; MrD. P. Morris, Rhyl; Mr L J. Roberts. Rhyi; Mr P. J. Rooney, Dublin; Miss Fournier. Dub- IIn; Mr Kevin O'Duffy. Dublin; Sir Horace Piunkett, DTiMin Mr George Aljoore, Dublin; Mr T. Harrington, M.P.. Dublin: Prof. Caddie, Dublin; S. Chenevia Trencih, Balliol College, Oxford: Mr R. J. O'Mulrenin, M.A., Dublin); Mr Douglas Hyde, Ll.D.. Trenohpark Rev F. MacFeriery,Dublin Rev Phineas Hunt,Dublin Mrs D'Arcy, Dublin; Prof. E. PercivaJ Wright,, M.D., Trinity College, Dublin; Rev F. W. O'ConneH, Drumshambo; Rev P. P. (TSullivan, Rev S. Shea; Rev A. S. Fuller, D.D., Dublin; Mrs Need'ham, London; Mr Alfred1 P. Graves, Surrey: Mrs Clarke, Black-rock; M:«s Rafferty. Blackrock; Miss Hitchcock, and Miss e. Hitchcock, Dublin; Miss A. Lloyd, Dublin Mrs Oocbburn, Dublin Misa Efrtiher Corless, Dublin; Miss Agpeu II Treacy. Dublin Miss M. Haydn. M.A..Dublin; Miss O'Farrellv, M.A., Dublin; Tlw Rig-ht Hon. The O'Gonor Don, Roscommon: Mr T. P. Gill and Mrt Gill, Dublin; Lady Gregory, Galwav; The Misses Geoghagen. Dublin: { Lord Inchiquin, Dromoland; The Right Rev I Abbott Reardwood, Roscrea; Mr J. St. Clare .Boyd!, M.D.. Belfast: Mr H. P. fYNcTH. Dublin: Mrs Blake. Blackrock; Mists Boland, Dublin; Mr M. F. Cox. M.D., Dublin Captain The Hon. Orway Cuffe, Ki 1- kennv; Mi**W. G. Neale, Dublin: Miss Pelly, (Dublin: Miss H. Wnrren. Dublin; Mr and Mrs Geoghezan. Dublin; The Editor. "United! Irishman," Dublin The Editor, -"Irish Times," Dublin: The Editor. ''Independent," Dublin; The Editor. "Freeman's Journal." Dublin: The Editor, "Express." Dublin: Prof. R. Atkins, Trinity College. Dublin: Mrs MacKenna. Ab- ^bevside, Howth; Mr and Mrs R-affertv. Kitter- man: The Lord Mayor and the Lady Mavores>\ DuMIn Dr and Mrs H. Jenner, Bushey Heath, | Watford Mrs 0'Sh .ujhne^sey. Dublin; Miss Treaev,-Dublin: Mrs Stein, Dublin: Mr J. H. | StaDl^s, Cookstown: Sir Wm. H. Preece, K.C.B., Carnarvon; M. Francois Tanrennou, Carnet M. Francois Valt £ >e, Saint Brieuc: M. I n Corfee. 'Tnd«p^ndan.ce Tiretorme." Saint Brieuc; Prof. Yves Le "olam, "Kroax ar Brieuc; Prof. Yves Le "otam, "Kroax ar Vreton-V Sa^nt Brieu^ F.. Harmonic, Saint Brieuc; M. et M'Ame Botrel, Port 'Blanc, Pen- venau • Mr Andree Colonib, Port iBlan-c, Pen- venau • M. Barrere. Port Blanc, Penvenau: Pasture Le Coat. Tromel; M. le Marquis de L'Estenrbeillion: M. Leon Le Berre. 'Nouvel- liste. Quimper: Prof. Boureaullt-Duooudrag, VernoulUet M. le Docteur PicquenaT-d. Quim- per- M. Alfred Lavat et Madame Layat, ;La Resi'stan-V Moiaix: M Rene Saib, 'La^ I Clocher Breton." Len-nt; Les Deleaves de la Federation Bretonne de-s B-ennes: Rev 1 ere Camenen Moid Rev'Pere Treboal, Llanrwst M Jean le Tnsta:. Paris; Madame Mosher, j Paris ;M. Paul Passv. E<»ie des Hantes Evudes, -Pari* M. Rene le Roux. Pans: M. le Dault, Paris- Dr Maurice Adam, Pans: M. le 13i- rectdur de "L-3-Action R^tisrionMe, Pans; Prof. H*nri Cai«o7. Paris: M. Pierre Cras, Paris- Prof. H. d'ArOois de Jubain^lle, Col- lecre de France: M. F. Crouzillac, Epernav: M Louis de R^aufront, Louviers: Prof. G. Do-llin, Universite de R^nne>: Prof. J. Lota. Univervite de Rer.nes: Prof E. ErnAult. L ni- versite de Poitiers: M. Alfons Pareezewski, Kalisz,Poland; M. J. le Bi'han, Berlin: Franci, Even Treguier; Le Men. Guisseny: R-vPmt. dienri Plougernewel Miss Jennie \\illiajns, Dublin; Mis* Mary Powell, Dublin; Davies, Hereford: Lord 'Dunsdale Ivondon. S W • Miss Louisa Farquharson, I^ndon.S. W. Rev Robert Blair. Edinburgh ;rth^1ounte|TS^ Cromartie, Ross-shire. "N.B- Mr \\iltiam H >, Liverpool: Mrs Win-ate Rinder, London; Miss Marie Corelli. Strut ford-on-Avon Miss Y:11e. Tarradale. Scotland Rev — Munro. Tavnuilt: Mr Theodore Napier. Mrs and M'-15 Earner, Edinburgh; Mr Alexander Carmichael, M'^s and E. K. Carmichael, Edinburgh Mr Mal- colm Macfarlane, Glasgow; Mr Henry Whyte. Glasgow; Colonel Martvn, Skye Mr Alexan- der Macbain. M.A., Ll.D., Inverness: Mr John Mlatiieson, M.D., London: Prof. Mackmnon, Edinburgh; Mr John Mackintosh, Inverness; Mr E. Macdonald, Ardmor, Lyminge; the Edi- tor "Hiehland Sews. Inverness; the Editor, "Celtic Monthlv." GIas?ow: Mr and Mrs Mac- dou raI, Edinburgh Mr F. >Icdougal. do. Miss Hav do.; Rev and Mrs Maclenart, Edinbursn Mr" E. H Coumbe, London: Mr R Vincent Eva-ns, London Rev W. Lach Rvmer, Ilford Mr Roderiok McLeod. Inverness Miss Gwladys Roberta. Warrington Mr W. O. Jones, Blaen- a-u Festinlae: Mrs Gruffydd Richards. Llan- over • \p Eos Men a Telynores Arfon, Carnar- von Mr H- faughan Davies Carnanron; Telvnor MasaMa'y,-XUo;ls ^Mawddwy; TeKn- ores Mvnwy; W.ncyn \\ynn, Ammanford; Hwfa Mon, a^f Rev R. Wil- liams (Berw) Yfi'i Mrs -Will iams W ^nfawr Mr Emlvn Davies. Llancrollf-n; The Hon Mrs H^fbeCt of tjanoter: ,Rev Thomas Edwards 1 (Gwvnedd), 'Aber: Mr E. Thomas (Ooebfart) f«flrWTh'6idas. CiurtMh MrD..Uoyd-Georee, M.p.. Sir,T. MarchjLnt WiHianjs, Carnm; Mr ff.n Cla^ftnoei -Wliufcs,' B.R. &.ASA. Conway I Rev Cadvan Davies, Barmouth: Dr Donald Macgresror, Con way the Gorsedd Delegates; Rev William Morgan. Bethesda: Rev William Pritohard. Pentirset-h, Aiftlesev: Mr T. H. Thomas. Cardiff Miss Mailt nod Miss G. Williams. Aberclydach Mr R. R. William*, Mrs Verity Williams. Pembroke Dock: Rev J. Perov Treasure. Al Vrley Edge Mr E. Foulkes, Erivint Hal! Miss Skeffinar+^n-Thompson. I Cliislehurst: M-idam^ Gwvneth Vaughan. R-v S. R. Jenkins, B.A.. Gravesend; Mr J. WIck. ens, Bangor; the Ven. Archdeacon of Merion- eth, Llan-ystumdwy; Mr E. B. Nicholson, Bod- leian Library, Oxford; Principal John Rhys, Oxford; Professor Strachan, The Owens Col- lege, Manchester; the Hon. Mrs Walter Max- wells, Mrs Langdale of Houghton Mrs Brid- ston Smith, Miss Winifred Faraday, M.A., LLandaif; Mr William George, Criccieth; Mr H. Cameron Gillies, M.D., London; Rev W. Gwythiar, M.A., Cardiff; Miss Bessie Jones, Liverpool Mr A. Emrys Jones, M.D., J.P., "I Manchester Mr J. Williams Jones, Bootle Mr L. Davies Jones, Bangor; Professor Lewis Jones, M.A., Bangor Dr Price, Upper Bangor, and niece; Rev R. Jones, Llansannan; Prof. Anwyl, M.A., Chester; Professor J. Morris Jones, M.A., Llanfair P.G. Rev E. Lorimer Thomas, Holyhead; Hon. Mrs Bulkeley Owen, Oswestry; Rev William Cooke, Whitchurch; Mr W. T. Stead, London Mr W. M. Brook, London; Mr J. E. Roberts, Bangor; Mr J. T. Jones, Criccieth; Dr W. Jones Morris, Port- madoc; Mr Hugh Owen, Conway; Mr J. O. Thomas, Llandudno; Mr D. H. Davies, Chwil- og; Mr Robert Prit,cliard, PenygToes; Dr J. R. Williams, PenmaenmawT; Alafon, Ifano Jones, Cardiff; Rev E. B. Thomas, Llanberis Rev J. Evans Owen, Llanberis; Rev G. Tecwyn Parry, Llanberis; Dr Lloyd Williams, Llan- beris; Mr R. E. Jone.s, Llanberis; Mr Edward Foulkes, Llanberis; Mr and Mrs D. P. Wil- liams, Llanberis Miss Gee, Denbigh Rev D. Eurof Walters, M.A., Llandovery; Rev Witton Davies, Ph.D., Bangor; Mrs Griffith, Arian- fryn, Dolgellau; Canon Davies, Pwllheli, &o. The guests having reg-aled themselves with the good things provided, a. short programme of music was gone through, the initial item being a selection by the pipers. PRESENTATION TO THE MAYOR. Lord Castletown, in the course of an appro- priate speech, referred to the hospitality of the Mayor of Carnarvon, and said that they had only just begun to appreciate the hospitality. He did not know how his Worship would feel at the end of the four days, but he trusted that the Celtic Association would help him to see that- all behaved themselves—(laughter and ap- plause)—in such a way as to merit the appro- bation and deserve the good1 wishes of the Mayor and Mayoress. They felt themselves under a deep debt of gratitude to them for their kind hospitality, and he had great pleasure in ask- ing his acceptRnee of ,1 small tribute of affec- tion and gratitude, in the shape of a small mace of bog oak suitably inscribed presented by the Celtic Association. In conclusion, he wished the Mayor and Mayoress the best wishes of all for their future' prosperity and happiness (apr»laus?l. The Mayor briefly returned thanks, and said there was something suggestive in that weapon of defence, and presumed1 the object was that if the Irish people, and the Soots, the Bretons, and the Welsh did not behave themselves he was entitled to use it (laughter). He could assure them that it had given the^Mayoress and himself very much pleasure in giving them all a very hearty welcome to Carnarvon. The com- mittee had so heartily worked together, and if it had not been for the indefatigable work of the secretaries he did not think they would have succeeded. He would always cherish the loving gratitude of the Celtic Association (applause). Hwfa M-on followed with an englyn to Lord: Castletown, and said:- I Castletown rliown fawrhnd—yn Arfon, Ma-e'.n wir fawr Geltiad, A mawredd ei cjymeriad Ein glvw a leinw ein gwlad1. Following with a further compliment to the Mayor he said:—• Gwr hoff yw ern f?ruSVdd;—vi gwr A s'ara pob Celtydd Paradwys i bob prydiydd A Erwen sercli yn bwn v sydd. There were some further songs by M. Ja- ffrenou, in Breton, and! a selection) upon tho harp by Mrs Gruffydd Richards, which was much onjoyedi. The Lord Mayor of Dublin, in €He ooarrse of a short addressj faid the was extremely pleased to be able to take parfl in the, Congress proceedings which had been declared open. His first impression of Carnarvon would be a. pleasant one, but bo re- gretted that his first speech to them would not be in any of the languages spoken at the oere- monies. It was a pleasing and a grand sight to see people practically akin in race., and language, yet of different nations, at such an interesting <rathering called for the purpose of preserve? their ancient- langua.o'es and customs and their characteristics, and he could not help thinking of a quotation of the Irish poet—1 "For all it, were a glorious sirghf To Miow before my kind How everv race a.nd everT creed Might be by love combined." The procee-dings -were brought to a close by the rendering of the National Anthem. THE FIRST CONGRESS MEETING1. The i-rst congress meeting was held in the evening at the Guild Hall, which also had been prettily decorated with heather. There was a crowded audience, the gallery having been placed at the disposal of the -general public, and! the floor for the delegates and their friends. A capital picture of De-wi Sant adorn- ed the stage, where the principal delegates and officials sat, the Mayor presiding. In the course of his opening address the Mayor said that it was a great honour to him to welcome to Carnarvon for the first time the Pan-Celtic Congress. He need! hardly say that he wished' every success to everything pertaining to the development of the Celtio Race. and he trusted) that those meetings would be the means of cementing the five Celtic na- tions together with the perpetuation of those good things that were peculiar to the Celtio raoe. There was no doubt. whatever that every nation that lost its own peculiar thought and customs and costumes, music, and literature deteriorated. They had known of nations who bad falTen like a drop of water into the sea, but the Celtic nations had a glorious and hon- ourable past, and 1thev looked forward to a glorious and honourable future. Great deeds and good! work had been done; their workers were honest; they had excellent literature in poetry and prose, and they looked forward to a very bright future. They bad no intention of moing back, but w<ould! press forward! to a. better and more glorious and a more honour- able future (cheers). The Mayor then briefly welcomed the delegates in both the Breton 11 and Irish languages. THE PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Lord Castletown, in the course of his presi- dential address, said:—Again after three years, I find myself, however unworthily, stand- ing before you as the president of your associa- tion, representative of the five nations. Since our inception .fourf years ago, many, things have happened which tend to demonstrate the value of an organisation specially devoted to the co-ordination of the efforts separately made in each of the Celtic countries towards an exis- tence and a progress in accordance with truly national ideals. Voices are not lacking even now to proclaim that all efforts at Pan-Celtic co-operation are foredoomed to failure, and that it woud be better to let each Celtic nationality fight its own battles without looking to its t, 4 sister nations for support. But we of the Celtic Association and of the Pan-Celtic Congress, we recognise that a friendly sympathy, and even a friendly rivalry and! emulation in our common struggle is as valuable an incentive towards the highest effort as that contained in exclu- sive national pride. It. seems to me that whilst the Gaelic League and others in Ireland, An Comun and others in Scotland, the Union of the Red Dragon, the Cynrm r odor ion., the Gor- sedd, the Eisteddfod, and others in Wales, the Union Regionaliste and Asociation Bretonne in Brittany, and) the Manx Language Society, and others in Man, ,have all done heroes' work, yet it was mostly unknown to the sister countries. Every day I find Irishmen are unaware of what Highlanders are doing; they in their turn are isolated in their far glens, longing alone for a Gaelic dawning, unwarned by the quick flood of sympathy that is pulsing through Ireland. And have1 not the two strong nations, Cymru and Brittany, drawn together through our help? Above all things in this world we re- quire sympathy and support. Over and over again some exiled Gael or Cvmro, who in far lands nourished thoughts of a, Gaelic resurrec- tion, yet never dared speak of it, comes home to the new :atmosphere of revived language and feeling, and instantly speaks with his tongue testifies from the heart; it is all theT-e, only waiting to be kindled into life. Thus it is be- twen nations. "Come over and' help us, one seems to hear it echoing from far away shores, and here on the western shores of Britain, we welcome you in the name of Wales and Celtia, as three years ago we welcomed you to Ireland. Once more we have met together to help and strengthen, and I shall ask you again later during the congress whether or no the Celtic Association and the Pan-Celtic Congress 'are to be things of the past or the future. But first I must tell you what has been done during the last three years. BY CELTIC ASSOCIATION. Dictionary, Library, Manx Grammar, Sum- mer and Winter Classes in Dublin, Gaelic Ser- vice at St. Kevins on St. Patrick's Day. IN IRELAND. Irish School of Learning and Library. One of the chief objects for which the school of Irish Learning was founded is to make the large mass of native literature more readily accessible all over the world" by publishing full catalogues and issuing photographic reproductions, and supplying the student of language, literature, and history, with trustworthy texts. In 1903, three courses were held! in the Aula Maxima of University College. During July last year Professor Strachan lectured for four weeks, two hours daily, on old Irish grammar, and a morn- ing class for study of the old Irish glosses. In September, Professor Kuno Meyer conduc- ted a class in Irish Palaeography and the read- ing of MSS., and during the same month, Dr 11 r, Sweet took a class in practical phonetics, with special reference to modern Irish. I am glad to say that the work so well begun last year is being steadily pushed forward, Professor Stra- chan, whom we hope to welcome at our philo- logical section on Thursday, having just com- pleted the second summer course, a course which resembles in many ways the work of your own summer school at Bangor. In initiating this splendid movement Professor Kuno Meyer has laid Ireland under a diebt to Germany, which we can never repay, and ha has forestalled what might be the work of a really Irish University, the necessity for which to Gaelic lovers seems to come out ao strongly in the evidence before the University Commission. A magazine called the University Commission. A magazine called "Erin" has just been published. Other Irish organisations can also claim to have made re- markafcle progress. That -great militant organ- isation which you know as the Gaelic League has, since the Pan-Celtic procession appeared in the streets of Dublin, initiated! a procession of its own, whose vast dimensions has not failed to impress those to whom nothing but magni- t-ude has any significance. The local Eistedd'- fodau have multiplied three or four times since last we met. Even in London, the Irish spirit has found new expression in the estab- lishment of an Irish Folklore Society, which has already accomplished valuable work. IN SCOTLAND. In the early part of 1901, steps were taken to ascertain in how many schools Gaelic is being taught, with the result that applications for aid were received from no less than 58, the number of pupils studvinsr Gaelio being over 150CL 1 o these schools" 200 text-books and 570 Gaelic prize-boob? were sent, and last 11, stand, capitation9 were made to fhe sc™>° mastera for every child in one or more of the funior (standards who passed in elementary Gaelic. To further this most laudable object, the Cape Highland Society sent the magnificent donation of JB25 with a letter showing how the South Africa,n Scot stIHj reve-re's ibis native tongue, and believes it should live, not die: and Miss Jessie McLaughlen, whom we all know and love, sent back from Canada a trulv substantial proof of the North American Scot's adhession to home and language. A scheme by which a oapitation grant is made to school- masters in respect of all pupils in standard IV. who pass an examination in Gaelic is now in operation. Applications were received from 61 schools and a total of £80 15s was paid to the teachers. In addition, three prize-books were sent to each school (amounts vary from £6 to 7s 6d). The greatest number of grants were made to Ross and Cromarty, and the largest grants to Stornaway, which is in that county. Miss Jessie McLaughlen forwarded JB80 from Canada, where she was touring, and wrote, say- ing :—"I am proud to think that on the other side, our grand old' language is spoken almost everywhere, but especially in Canada, and I must say here that a more enthusiastic Celt than the Canadian would, indeed, be difficult to find, The publication of the new edition of the Bible is a- wonderful work, inaugurated 21 years ago, and carried through with patience and a scientific accuracy which almost places it on the pinnacle of a classic standard of lan- guage; "almost," I say, for in the opinion of Dr McBain, in many ways the orthography leaves still to be desired; so the Highlanders have yet work to do in that direction. Mc- Donald of Lyminge's Gaelic Dictionary in parts continues to fulfil the great promise shown in the opening numbers. A new quarterly has arisen. Miss Carmichael, to whom we all owe a deep debt of gratitude (I need not refer to Mr Carmichael, whose absence we regret immense- Iv), and Professor McKinnon collaborates in a quarterlv from Dunedin, and Gutli-na Bliadna shows promise, whilst Mackay, of Sterling, is publishing a fair amount of Gaelic. On the other hand the census returns in Alba are haTdly (satisfactory, showing a, decrease of about 20,000 in a population whose increase is given at 446,456 persons. It has been explained to me that the decrease is really less* than appears, because whereas in the 1891 census infants were allowed to count, now only persons of the full age of three are allowed to testify to a knowledge of the language. I trust I may be corrected if I err, but unless we are certain J that the subsequent tongue of the infants omit- | ted will be Gaelic as well -as "Beurla" it is not reassuring. But study of the returns show that if in all Scotland only five per cent, of the people speak Gaelic, yet in four oountie.s-Ross, Inverness, Sutherland, and Argyle,—61 per cent., 48 per cent., 65 per oent., and 46 per oent. of the people speak Gaelic and English, therefore it is surely no ill-considered move- ment on the part of the Gaelic Society of Lon- don and other societies, to approach the framers of the new Education Act and ask that in such districts, at any rate, Gaelic shall stand on the same footing in the schools as the necessary English. Allow me to warn you, Brother Gaels of Alba, that unless your language crusade is carried right into the cradle of the race, in the north and west, no amount of Clan Societies and Urban Concerts and Ceilidhs will save it, though they, too, help—for every earnest work- er tells. The situation in Brittany is one which has given us -great anxiety of late. The situa- tion there as between the French Government and the Breton-speaking people is complicated by many matters of a controversial nature. Our association intervened last year with a pro- test against the prohibition of the Breton lan- guage in the churches, a step which occasioned a lively debate led by the Marquis de l'Ester- beillon in tue Chamber of Deputies, and which appears to have some perceptible influence in modifying the severity of the decree and in rousing public opinion against the retrograde character of the policy then pursued. But the most hopeful element lies in the steady pro- grass of the literary development in Brittany, and I feel I must take this occasion of con- gratulating our gifted young Breton secretary, M. Jaffrenou, for the brilliant and prominent part he has taken, and is yet taking, in the new era of Breton literature. WALES. iAs regards Wales, I feel that in the presence of so many Welsh educational experts, it ia hardly my function to summarise the situation from the point of view of the WeLsh language, but I cannot refrain from referring to the re- markable development in the expert teaching of Welsh since it has been made a. regular subject under the new Code, and you are all aware of the valuable opportunities now pre- sented to the County Councils for the estab- lishment) of bilingual teaching, opportunities which have been so promptly antd spiritedly I seized upon by tlhe Council of what I may can the Metropolitan county of Carnarvonshire. IN THE ISLE OF MAN. In Midir's Isle, in brave little 'Man, the oensus returns have been most respiring. A total of 4419, or 8.1, was reached, InsteacC of the 3000 anticipated, and in three parishies there were respectively 23 per cent., 22.9 per oent., and 22.2 per cent. who had a knowledge of Manx. In several places, notably the Parish Chutfdh at Peel, the Oiel Verray, or Christmaat eve wrvices are now held, at which carols on the Nativity, called Carvels, are sung in Manx. A gotod demand for Goodwin's Lessons in Manx show tihat t'he interest in the study is on the increase. I have only outlined very roughly what has been done. I want each one of our vice-presidlents to tell you how things stand in their respective countries, and if I d'well most Insistently upon Ireland and the Irish aspect of affairs, you must forgive me, because I would make the other nations feel the great hidden thought welling up in the heart of Ireland for her own, in the hope that iher desire to remain a distinctive literary and bilingual entity may strengthen the hands of the other natlonlS, some stronger, some weaker, than hersellf. It is 'on this same question of literature that OUT de- tractors most often attack us, and that tihie Celtio votary is most often at a loss to repel the attack. Tell your "foreign" friends who would, wean you from your, to them too partial attitude, that the -reason they consider the literary output of "The Celtic World" but small and mean, arise from the fact that thev are unable to read what is published. In Wales little is written in English, much in Welsh. Can the literarv critic of the "Times" and the "Morning Post" judge of it? 80. thev do not know the language. Educated (Welshmen' assure me that modem Wels-h writing is good and fullv up to the demand of the moment, and I dare hazard it were easier to select- a Webh poet laureate than an English one. In Ireland we are still so occupied in editing and printing tihe treasures of the past that our modern literature io scanty in comparison, but every day is mending that as the circle of Teaders increases, onii what shall I say of our c native dramatist of An Croibhin. An Creevin. and Mr Yates' natural and poetic little dramas? They suit us, and we love them and Geoffrev Keating is once more within the reach Oil all through the good1 offices of the Irish Text 80- ciety. The Saesenach will reply coldly after I his wont, "You 'have no Shakespere." Might we not have one is the Sassenach had paid as 1 less attention during th»_ "Glorious Age" of 'Elizabeth, in which the immortal an<i° ever- loved ba/rd sihone as the sun above all otilters who realized better or crystallized more sharply that Saxon attitude to all things 'Celtic.. Owen (Glendower and Hotspur have been quoted again and again, but here in Glendower's kingdioni let us each study that lesson again, and believe that because two men or two racas cannot see eye to eye, the weaker is not necessarily to fall down before and be absorbed by the stronger and oftentimes more impolite. I hope no Englishman present will, on being aisked to listen any Welsh or Gaelic ladies' sweet singing to the crwtih or classuch, affirm, like Hotspur, that he would rather hear his "brach" howl in German! What are the reasons we may urge for fchie reading of our own literature, whether in tihe original, or, if we are less happv, in translation, which is not to be despised, because it will often send students to the original? in the original, or, if we are less happv, in translation, which its not to be despised, because it will often send students to the original? Firstly, because it is our oiwn—this cannot be be urged too often; and secondlvvbecause it is a pure literature. There are stilf to be found followers of the learned Dublin gentlemen who branded our literature as unfit for juveniles, but I expect these same purists who are shocked at--let us say the tale of Mesgreda's iBrain Bull or the Riace of Macha,—assimilate the public prints, where they can find daily enough and to spare of the truly revolting and unclean. Are wo to believe that because of that the news-sheet is laid down or the press tabooed? 'No, reading in the proper spirit, there is in what has been so far revealed to us in the Celtic literature but little that is objec- tionable, save in a simple directness of speech, which is after an only the utterance of a young world, and I can find nothing that is degrading, Nay, rather in such passage as the advice to a Prince in the Colloquy of the Sages, there is a dignity of expression, a reasoned outlook, a noble philosophy, w)hlidh stikes all the more ex- pressively on the mind because it is spoken by wise men of our rke rather than by a foreigner or a stranger. What new similes, what new emotions of the heart, may we not draw from this new-old fountain of inspiration. Which of us, when glorying in the return oj spring, would not Tatlher remember that "smooth is the path of seals," or that "a bright shaft- has been shot into the land so that the wat-er flag is gold t)eneath it," rather than some t'me-thonouTed quotation from Wordsworth or Thomson? NEW BOOKS. Many remarkable books have been published in English since our last meetings Professor Kuno Meyer has redacted and translated a "Ninth Century Love Poem" and some lovely Nature Poems of Finn. The Mabinogion as been xlaicod in the hands of all by Mr Nutt, and Miss Neston has added to our knowledge. We are enabled to read what M. de Jubainville has written of Irish Mythology. (The "Irish Myth- ological Cycle" and Irish Mythology" trans- lated by R. T. Best). A second edition of Manx Place Names is before us, and Professor McLean's Lectures have now had a second vol- ume added. His first work testified, if uninten- tionally, to the unity of the Celtic race, to the importance of each studying the Literary In- heritance of the other, and almost unwillingly the author admits the recrudcsence of re-arising of the Celt, an-di speaks of "spent forces that seem suddenly to have rearranged and over- flow-e.d. the fcremost files of time," and Miss Faraday and Dr Joyce's monumental work on "Social Ireland" is ours. Let one outcome of our meeting be that we go home more fully determined to study, not merely to read super- fieially the hero-tal^ that have been ours^fro-m the beginning, and not only the particular Epopee of our branch of the Riaice, but let us make incursions into the Fairy Realm of our cousins. Is it too much to hope that one day our young men will revere Cuchullia and Ferd- iad, Conlaeth and Naisi, Erney and Fand, as our forefathers were taught to honour those noble Greeks who need not yet be exiled from our loves betcause we hare been taught to know what if essentially our own. Wny are we asked to give up ianguage,_literature, our dis- tinctive nationality? What have our would-be advisers to give ns in exchange? Is modem life altogether so beautiful, so satisfying, thafo we Celtic people oan afford to be absorbed in its whirling torrent of uniformity? We hear cries of the physical degeneracy of the age, mostly in the Anglo-Saxon centres, we read of a Saxon motherhood that knows not how to feed her cMdren, of Saxon lads unable to enter the ranks of the army from physical defects. Do we, old sturdy race, as Renau sadd, "restricted to sea-bound isles and peninsulars, the race whiqjji has ever trusted in itself and in itself alone, wMchhlae drawn mental &nd spiritual nurture from its own resources." Do we really believe it will be for our Pood to change our modes of thought, our speech. and forego our heritage and step down into the arena of com- mon things? The memory of "The ola days that seem to be Much older than any history, That is written in any book," must still be with us, must still help us to stand fast against the great levelling, unspi-ritualislng influences of to-da.y. To such an assemblage as this, I need not hesitate to siaiy, that the Soirit of the aige so-called Progress, is only on.e more voice htrinsr from the Good. "Voices of business, passion, amusement-, sin, drown with their manifold echoes the one etern- al voice, which is ever speaking in the inner eiar."—'((Wlm. Alexander). Shall not we, the Celts, miscalled dreamer' be still found at the" end of things, keeping our faith in all that is holy and best, standing sen- tinels on our western shores, knowing we would not sacrifice what is best, a quiet mind and a seein- Ftuth, instead of being like the disciples of modernity "Who see all sights from Pole to Pole, And glance and rush and bustle by, And never once possess their soul Before they die."—-{M- Arnold). How can I bring home to you and through you 1 to the wnrM, that will at only pays, passes, that what- endures to the end ia what is now put on one side, what is good, pure, healthy, beauti- ful. And I still believe it is through our native I tongue and the knowledge cf our national life that- we shall keep faith and purity. What dtancer, then, you may say, do we run? Why may not this happy scohrtion oome at once? Be- clause never apparently to the Celts, wherever they be, combine. If you would all combine, what great future is not possible. But I date not touch on this greai problem. Once more, let me beg you, each nation of the five, and every individual in each nation, to stand to your be- liefs. Let the strong help the weak, let the waverers stand to their convictions, bringing la those still outside the ranks of the true Patriot Celts. Be not ashamed of the glory of your nationhood, strain every nerve to keep aliva language and nationality and make your pow.r felt in the world: and remember, above all tilings, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, and Man "In thyself is tiiv salvation, let thy heart be strong."—.(The Sunburst," Todhunter). Words which written for my dear land may stand as a. wakening call to the five nat'ons at large, THE DUBLIN CONGRESS The i Ocretary: (Mr Fournier) submitted the following recommendations of the Pan-Celtic Congress held in Dublin in 1901: —(1) That it is the privilege and the dutv of everv nation to cultivate its national language. (2) That an- other Pan-Celtic Congress, be held in 1904 in. Wales, and that the Celtic Association be advised to consider the question of holdino- an- other Congress in the Isle of Mam. (3) That tbe- Celtic Association be instructed to publish Goodwin's simple lessons in Mainx. (4) That the Irish costume of-the Ht h oentury, as ex- hibited1 and worn at this Congress, 'be recom- mended for adoption! on all occasions wh^ra Irish national seat-imemtt is to be expressed. (5) That t'he question of recognising Cornwall as a sixth Celtic nationality be inferred to the next Congress. Mr Fournier then reJJdi letters and telegrams apologising for absence from the following:- Mr Alexander Carmichael, Mr Malcolm Mac- farlane, Mr Lionel Radignet, Mayor of Douglas, Provost of Inverness. Mr Thomas O'Donneil, Mr John Bolash, Bishop of Ossory, Canon Wewley Douglas. Cardinal Logue, Marquis of TuJiibran, Mr William George, Sir Horace Plumketb, Mr D. Lloyd-Georg' M.P., Mr William O'Brien, M.P., -had! written as follows:—Pray forgive me for not halving written sooner to thank iexecutive, Commit-tee for tfcieir kintd inv-itation to the Congress int Carnarvon I regret deeply I will nob be aMe to ztvail myselif of the privilege so courteously offered. I am a hearty sympathiser with the movement for drawing all the scattered branches of the great Celtic family together in sympathy and fraternity. They represent a forcte in the world not much inferior in numbers to the Anglo-Saxon Race, and we maiy claim with perfect confidence, not inferior to them' at all in intellect., imagination, and -spiritual insight. It ifs a whblly good work to remove whatever barrier, tihie Ajctarian or political differences of la t'e years may have raised between the different Celtic nations) of common origin, language, and tradition, which mruke them truly one in mental and moral temperament. ISome recollections of my own of the hospita-ble kindness of our Welsh kindred make note regret all the more that I musb miss the cha-ncle of renewing their acquaintance with every gocd wish." Mr Alfred Dunlop then gang O na byddai'n ba.f o hyd," and was accompanied by Mr John Williams. Thfis was followed by an Irish dance. The Marquis die rEsteirbeillion addressed the meriting in Breton, and said that- there was a. time when the Welshmen fought- -against tha Bretons when the English and French fought, but they heard euich other sin,ging ard made 11 friends. To-day, according to the doctrine of Hwfa Mon, there was peace among the Celtic nations (laughter). He ithetn referred to thfe history of the Pan-Celtic movement and wished it every success. They as Bretons were de- ligiliIted with the 'hospitality shown to them at Carnarvon, and ihoped they wculid soon have the pleasure of welcoming Welshman into & Congress illi Brittany, ajid ooracluded by hoping that Welshmen and Celts would remain w-hilo the world llasted (applausej. M. F. Jaffrennon translatedi tbb cpeech into excellent Welsh, and, when loudly appland'ed re- sponded with a Breton song of his own composi- tion, turned1 into WOsb,by Mr T. Gwynn-Jones. This, too, was received with, loud! applause. Mr Jennier, a delegate from Cornwall, made an appeal to the Congress for permission to place before them the claims of Cornwall to takfe its place among the Celtic nations, and be re- cognised as a sister nation. LOTid Castletown -saiidi that this claim had been made a.t the Dublin Conference thirr-e years agf* and very carefully discussed for hiaif a dtay; bulb it was then felt that as 'Cornwall h^d no living langiuaigd they co-nld not very well re- cognise the nation. However, hfe oropowd that th1*? discussion on the matter be adjourned1 until the following- day's meeting, at which Professor Anwyl would preside. This havinsr bleif111 iteeonded, it wafi agreed to, and the meeting was brought to a termination- by the singing of th\? National: Anthem, the solo being given bv Miss Gwlady* Roberts. The accompanist* for th-e- day w" Mr John Wil- lialms and Mr Richard1 Prichard.

WEDNESDAY'S PROCEEDINGS lnRIST (SECTIONAL MEETING. MODERN LANGUAGE SECTION. Professor AllIwyl presided over the mornino- meeting at the Guild Hall, (m Wednesday, when the reports of the various societies were sub- mitted. In the course of his 'opening speech he said that about 20 or 40 veers ago many Welshmen were anxious to allow the Wefflh language to die. They did not speak it nor did they teach it to their children, -but rather en- couraged them to forget it. They hoped it would die. Others, however, thought there was some value in the language an. 1 its literature, a.nd the?ie had fortunately prevailed, for there was more respect to the Welsh language to-day than there was 20 years a,go. At the sam-e time, there was room for improvement. T'no literature of Wadeq was never iso prolific as it was during the 19tih century. 'Possibly there might have been better literature in past cen- turies. The Welsh people had! sufficient lingu- ist io. -power to use two languages. Other nations had not. that power but tb", history of Wales showed that it was bilingual in the time of tihe Romans) a-nij the as well as the oresent day, when the English and Welsh were jointly used. The best people of Wal-e-- would never forfeit their language. It was the thought- less wiho forgot. and were the most likely to lose it. Proceeding- in English, Prof. Anwyl referreet to the various dialect*, and said that there were various gradations between that of the extreme North and the extreme Soutlh, and t 1

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