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Famous Criminals*

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[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.] Famous Criminals* SPECIAL TO "EVENING EXPRESS." 23.—John Calas, WRONGLY CONVICTED FOR THE MURDER OF HIS SON. John Calas vraa an old and highly respec- table merchant, living at Toulouse. His wife. of nearly the same age as h-er husband, loved him devoutly. They had a family of five sons, and all were tenderly attached to each other. A few months before the commencement of my sad and tragic story, Lewis, the second son, embraced the Roman Catholic faith, which was a very severe blow to thi rest of the f amity. all the other members of 1-hich were Protestants. In spite of tho pain inflicted by this change of religion, the parent* love for their 3on remained as tender and strong as before. The eldcac aon, Anthony, had adopted the legal profession, but found, that his Protestanc faith at that time. when religious ideas excited such bitter and cruel animosity. interfered with the auccess of his practice. It aroused sad and irritated feelings to see other lawyers of the Catholic Teligion, possessed of half his ability, doing twice his professional work. While Anthony Calas was in this despondent condition, he received a visit from a school-fellow, also a lawyer. named Lavaisse. Mdme.Galas. hoping the companionship of a friend would enlighten the heavy heart her son, welcomed Lavaiase in the most cordial manner. He agreed to stay in the town for the night. and, after remaining some time with them and con- versing pleasantly. Anthony Calas and Lavaisse left the house to arrange about obtaining a horse for his return journey th-e next morning, he being tunable to prolong his stay beyond that time. The two friends returned in a short time, and they, together with the rest of the family, sat down, to sapper at seven o'clock in a room on the floor. There were present at the L meal John Calas, his wife. Anthony and Peter Calas, and ha-vaiaae. Although Anthony was naturally pleased to see his friend, and the heaviness and despondency seemed alleviated for the moment, thoue present 8aw clearly that his attempts at gaiety were forced, and c-eiore the end of the supper he, without any apparent cause, rose from the table, greatly excited, and hurriedly left the room, watched by the loving and anxious eyes of his devoted mother. "Is Anthony ill?" Lavaisse inquired ■anxiously. "Oh, it is nothing particular, and it is the best plan to take no notice." 3aid .Madame Calas. "lie often leaves the room in that way." "What is wrong with him. Madams Calas?" inquired Lavaisse. "He is very despondent and depressed because he is doing so badly in his profession, OIl account of his religion," answered Ivladame Calas, with a deep sigh. "It is so foolish of him to feel it so keenly," added John Calas. "I have, thank Heaven. quite enough for us all; but Anthony is very sensitive and proud, and does not like to live on me; and I think it is a very Vlron6 feeling, aa if all I possessed did not belong to my ciiiluren. You must, my young friend, taik quietiy and reasonably to him, telling "him how much pain he causes my dear wife and myself by his fantastic scruples." Yfhen the unhappy Anthony left the supper table he first, went into the kitchen on the same floor, and the sarvant there, noticing that he looked very pale and shivered, natu- rally inquired if lie were cold. Anthony replied: "So; on the contrary, I am in a framing heat." He left the kitchen and pro- ceeded downstairs. The whole of this por- tion of the house wa* occupied by a shop and a warshonae behind it. one room opening into the other. Tag company lett so ,abruptly by Anthony continued their conversation, of which he was very naturally the principal subject, until haif-pasc nine o'clock, when Lavaisse took. his leave, as he had engaged a bed where he had hired the horse, promising to breakfast v.irh the family the next morn- ing. and Peter Calas r(me for the purpose of accompanying him to the inn, -taking a lan- tern in his hand, the night being very dark. The two young, men conversed gaily until they reached the shop and warehouse OIl the ground floor, where they saw, to their infinite horror. Anthony with his coat and veet off, hanging from a ha* between th& two rooms. They could not rsstrain the criss of grief which natnraliy rose from their white lips, and these cries brought the unhappy father downstairs, who rushed to his son, took the body iu his arms, and by so doing displaced the bar to which the rope had been fastened. Horror paralysed the two young men. and they were only capable of looking helplessly on. The wretched, bereaved father, in an agony of grief and despair, laid his aon on the floor, and sent Peter Calas for the assis- tance of a surgeon who lived near, saying first to him. "Let us. if we possibly can. prevent this dishonour- able accident i-.eing known. Yon need not say how your brother's death occurred." Lavaisse had the presence of mind., to run upstairs to prevent Madame Calas coming down to learn what had happened: but. tmfor- tunately, the poor mother had heard the irre- preaslb'a groans of her husband, and soon learnt the terrible truth. When Peter Calas arrived at the surgton's house he v.ts out, but his assistant, a M. Grosse, came imme<ately. He found Anthony Cala3 qu;te dead, and. on carefully examining the body, noticed the dark mark left by th", cord, and expressed the opinion that he had been strangled. A crowd of paopie had by this time assembled round the door of the house, and, hearing the word" of the young surgeon, at once came to the conclusion that the deceased had wished to become a Roman Catholic, and his Protestant family, to prevent that, had strangled him. A great majority of the inhabitants of Toulouse hated the Proteetante with R bitter and pious hatred, and wild and unfounded suspicion spread like wildfire. In fact. a furious mob. composed of defenders of the faith, assembled round the house, and. to prevent the whole of the unfortunate Calas family being torn to pieces, the superintend?^ of police and hifl assistants were sent for. The result was that the whole family were committed to prison amlrlllt the howls and execrations of the fana- tical mob. There were two important reli- gious eoeieties in Toulouse, the Franciscans and the White Penitents, and they were both very strongly of opitiion that promoting the death of a heretic family was a holy work. Those bodies, therefore, did all tbev could to inflame the popu- lar passion, and to do so spread the report that the n-.urdered An bony Calas, w)T.) had never given the slightest pretext for the statement, was the next day to have entered one of these holy communities; that he wa3 rtrangled in consequence; and that the inno- cent friend and schoolfellow of the dead man. lavaisse, performed the duties of executioner 'or the Calvinists! The funeral or Anthony Calas was conducted with all pomp and circnmstnnce. A monu- ment was raised over the poor suicide'^ remains and a real human skeleton was exhi- bited on it, holding in one bony hand a paper, on w'veh was written." Abjuration nf Heresy." and id the other a branch of the palm tres, a- an emblem of martyrdom. In short, the whole performance of the funeral was a f'natkal crrgie, a saturnalia of bigotry. Under taese conditions of excitement and religion- pre- judice a fair trial, or even the slightest con- sideration of facts and arguments, was alto- gether out of the question. A man named David, a fanatical and unscrupulous bigot, boldly insisted that it was impossible for a man to h;'ng himself across folding doors, and added that it was the common practice with Protestant parents to hang such of their chil- dren as wished to become Roman Catholic?. The prejudiced judges utterly forgot that Lewis Ca'as. Anthony's brother, had actually become a Roman Catholic, and. far from being eatrangpd or embiitered to him in consequence, his kind-hearted father, who was devoted to his family, had lately settled him in a good business. Le Horde, the presiding judge, inquired if Anthony Calas had been sent to kneel at bis father's feet before he strangled him. and. obtaining no satisfactory answer to his abominable question, observed that the cries of the mltr- dered martyr had been heard at distant

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