The Cardiff Times

RAILWAY MEN AND THEIR DEMANDS. Important Meeting at Swansea, A largely-attended and enthusiastic meeting of railway servants, convened under the auspices of the Swansea branch of the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants, was held at the Albert-ball, Swansea, on Sunday afternoon, for the purpose of considering the national manifesto for sborter hours on railways, as set out as the basis of a national memorial to the directors of tbe various railways, viz. :— 1st—That a week's pay be guaranteed to all grades of railway men who by the terms of tbeir agreement have to devote the whole of their time to the senice of the company employing them. 2ud.—That the maximum hours.of duty be ten per day, excepting platelayers, who e hours shall be nine per day. For shunters in bu-y goods yards, signal. men at important signal boxes, and boxes always open, eight hours shall be the maximum. In eV,ery case each day's duty to sound by ielf, and not be counted as a part of the week's labour. 3rd.-That overtime be paid at the rate of time and a quarter and Sunday 1111ty at time and a balf. Mr R. D. Buruie presided, and he was supported by Mr David Raudell, M.P., Mr R. Bell (the local secretary of the society), — Hodge (secre- tary of the Steel Workers' Association). J. H. John (of the Tin-plate Workers' Association), and others. In opening the proceedings, the CHAIRMAN said that railway interests had now become nuc only a great power, but a profitable one; and if that were so, those who had struggled to bring it about were those who should be rewarded for it. (Cheeu.) Tle demaudsof tbe society were perfectly reasonable, and he hoped they would get them. (Cheers.) They deserve it (cheers), and be hoped, as the great movement developed, its power would go 00, and grow. To-day the spirit of railway managers was better than it was in the past. They would see the movement was not to be resisted, and with good grace, and no friction remaining, grant the demands contained in the programme. (Cheer".) Mr GBInIN then proposed, in the course of a very spirice i addrefl> That tbis meeting heartily approves of the national manifesto f..r shorter bours on railways, as pu fortn by the Auialgama ed Society of Railwxy Servants, and pledges itself to use all legÜimte efforts to obtain the rea80IJabie demands set forth therein, and calls upon all railway men to band themselves together in the above society, and thus give strength and support to the movement. Mr R. UiiLL seconded. He went seriatim througu the programme. He ompbasizad tbe impossibility of men doing efficient work when they were kept at it such long hours. He also shewed how unfairly the present mode of payment operated, and, alluding to the demand for an in- creased rata of payment for overtimp, said tbo object in trying to make it as dear as possible was to minimize this kind of labour. He proceeded to 8*y that tOe press had bsea misled hy the recent circulation of reports of the alleged general increase in wages of railway servants. Whereas it was said that the N ortl1- Western and other companies had been so generous as to give a large increase of wages to the whole of its staff, bo found that at Swansea tbis company, out of 57 men in the traffio department, bad given an au- vance to seven signal men, two guards, aud one porter—(laughter)—tb« remaining 47 being still paid at tbe old rate. Out of 63 permanent way men only 32 had received the advance, and 10 of these wore gangers. (Laughter.) He was not acquainted with the facts ot the locomotive de- partment, and be knew there were some men. ID It-day labourers-who worked for lis a week. (Shame.) There was a case where three men on the North-Western had been asked to do Sunday duty for no pay. Those meu had refused to do it unless tbey were paid time and a half for it. (Cheers.) He urged all non-members not to delay in forming tbe society, assuring them that such a course was the only way of securing success, and a speedy adoption of their programme. Mr MEAB, organizing secretary, spoke at length on the a. ms and objects of the society. Mr DAVID RANDBLL, M.P,, who was received with enthusiasm, said In being awked here to- day I am persuaded that such services as I may bave rendered to tha cause cf labour have been fully appreciated, and that my entire sympathy witn all that concerns the welfare and improve- ment of the working classes is unquestioned. (Cheers.) In addressing you I am reminded that the day on which we are met is Sunday. It is untortnaat.ely true, but I sincerely regret that the condItions of your employment are 110 oppres- sive as to quite prevent you meeting on a week day for the purpose of discassing questions affect- ing your means of livelihood. your homes, your safety, and your liberty. I regret tbat your grmdmg lot is such as oftentimes precludes the possibility of your enjoyment of that sweet rest implied in the term Sabbath. It is with a view to do something to expedite and secure to you snch cessation from toil that I have been induced this afternoon to forego my own leisure. (Chears.) Pulpit homilies have been found insufficient to attain the object, and, therefore, it needs a few lay sermona as well to enforce the right. (Hear, hear.) So far as labour is concerned, times have indeed changed, and happily for the better. It is but yesterday, as it were, when the farmula of supply and demand influenced capital .in all its dealings with labour; but to-day public opinion is transferred to the aide of trades unionism, and the old doctrine of "Laissez faire" is dead. (Cheers.) We live in a day when social and industrial matters compete fer precedence with what are understood to be political questtona and I for one am pleased to tind toat tbe pubiic are awakening to tbe fact, and seem resolved to take a yet deeper interest in social problems, whict), however difficult, must be faced and overcome. It is idle to talk of averting strvkes. Some- thing must be done. Labour must be properly organised. (Cheers.) Workmen in every trade most combine in onier to place themselves on something like aa equality with capital; and when this is done, then conciliation boards—consisting of representatives of masters and men—should be speedily formed for tbe pur- pose of discussing all matters in dispute, 1m level terms,in friendly fashionacross the table. (Cheers.) In a meeting ot railway men it is unnecessary for me to dwell on your intolerable conditions of working, your long hours—much too long—and inadequate wages. Who knows your grievances better than yourselves? In cases of railways, besides the rights of labour, the safety of tbe public is also involved. (Hear, bear.) The Par- liamentary returns show that in one month there were 252,209 cases of men being continuously empioyeu tor 13 hours 160,123 for 14 hours 110.190 tor 15 Honrs; 57,835 for 16 hours and 25,525 for 18 hours and upwards, Shame.") He then proceeded to advocate the eight hours' movement, expressing himself m favour of experi- mental legislation thereon. He severely con- demned the power granted to employers to contract themselves oat of tbeir liabilities. He proceeded What is required is a complete co-operation .of workmen. jj Irst of all, workmen of every trade should, as far as possible, be formed into separate unions, which should have the manage- menli of their own affairs and that being done, let there then be a federation of all trades unions for the purpose of taking common aetion througfci a general council. (Cheers.) It is utterly ules for workmen to attempt a sort of guerilla warfare in order to secure the full rewards of labour. If yon fight in detachments you will find yourselves beaten all along tbe lice. There must be mar- shalling, concentration, and proper disposition of the forces. The army of labour must be led with military precision, and this can only be done I by means of a central authority. (Cbeers.) I I look forward to the day when all railway- men and other workmen, at home and abroad, skilled and unskilled, will be- I long to powerful unions; to a day when all those unions will be combined into a grand federation. (Cheers.) Then, and then only, will you be able to move rapidly towards the greatest, the most fundamental, and, I hope, tbe most riaceful revolution the world bas yet witnessed— mean the complete and final emancipation of the working classes, when the scriptural principle, that the labourer is worthy of bis bire," shall be fully understood and realised. (Loud cheers, amid which the hon. gentleman resumed his seat.) Mr J. H. JOHN said that meeting was a proof that there was a great earnestness on the part of the railway servants to obtain necessary reform. Their demnds were reasonable and certainly not extravagant. The hardships they suffered were their own fault. Why did they put up with them, but form such a solid combination tbat they could witb one united front insist en their removal? Who blocked the way to these reforms? —not the directors or shareholders, but their fellow workmen who were non-unionists. Let them join together, and then all reasonable demands would be quickly conceded. (Loud cheers.) He gave apt illustrations of the effect of combination as instanced in the tinplate trade. The resolution was then put and carried unani- mously,

MINERS' FEDERATION OF GREAT BRITAIN. Conference at Newport. A a pecial conference of the above-named federation was opened in the Temperance Hall, Newport, on Tuesday, under the presidency of Mr B. Pickard, M. P., it being the first of two conferences which are to be held, that of to-day dealing specially with tbe question of wages and of restriction of output. Tuesday was occupied solely with the consideration of new rules for the federation, and a copy of these rules was pub- lished in our issue of Monday. The rate of con- tribution fixed by the rules was one penny per member per quarter, the conference of the federa- tion having power to make a special levy ia order to raise funds io case of any dispute; and, should a conference so determine, whenever any branch of tbe federation is attacked on tbe wage ques- tion, all members will tender notices terminating their contract*. Upwards of 300,000 miners were represented at the conference, the bulk being in Lancashire. The delegatesJpresent numbered fifty. Mr B. Pickard, M.P., was unanimously voted to the chair: Mr Thomas ARhtoo (Lancashire) was secretary; and Mr G. Edwards (Stafford- shire), treasurer. The credentials committee were Messrs S. Woods, A. Stanley, and S. Mills. The tellers were Messrs Cowey and T. Glover. The consideration of the proposed roles was opened by an address from the chairman, and a general discussion took place. The rules bad been drawn up by a committee appointed at the lace Birmingham conference :or the formation of a new National Miners' Conference, and bad been sent out to the districts. They were now dealt with seriatim, and ultimately it was decided to adopt them, with only slight modifications. A vote of thanks was passed to tbe committee for the excellent draft code which bad been submitted, these being so well adapted for the federation tbat they were passed almost without alteration* The Eight Hours' Question. A conference of delegates representing abont 320,000 miners 18: Great Britain was opened on Wednesday in the Temperance-ball, Newport, t and continued by adionmuMOt to th« AU»st-]ntt» On the previous day there had been a special con- ference as to the rules of the federation, but on Wednesday the representatives present on Tuesday were joined by delegates from South Wales, and these representing 70,000 miners, the total number con- cerned in the meeting reached the proportion stated. Inasmuch as about 520,000 men and boys are employed in and about the coal pits of Great Britain, and as tbe delegates are appointed by men only, it is computed that the Newport gathering gives expression to the views of four- fifths of tbe colliers in Great Britain. Three members of Parliament were present, Messrs Pickard (who presided), Fenwick, and Burt, The deliberations will be continued to-day, and on Friday as well if all the business be not got through by this afternoon. The subjects under discussion are of great importance, and derive ad- ditional weight from the fact that so large a number of the men are represented. The questions are:—An eight-hours working day from bank to bank, and to secure an advance of wages, 10 per cent, being the amount named. At the last con- ference, held in Birmingham, the question whether the men should give notice terminating contracts in the event of employers not conceding the eight hours was relegated to the different dis- tricts for decision by vote, and the chief business on Wednesday was the reception of the reports upon this matter from the different districts. A great part of the day was occupied in routine business, and delay was caused by the discovery that the room was too small for the number of delegates attending, and the necessity for finding anothl3r meetinp:-piace and adjournment thereto. It was afternoon before the above question came on for discussion, Mr Pickard, M.P., presiding in the Albert Hall. The reports from the different districts as to the result of meetings and bailors on the eight hours' question were first received. Mr D. MORGAN (Gi imorganshire) stated that South Wales had not been balloted on this ques- tion but the men had understood each other for yaarf, and wore in favour of the eight hours workiirg day. (Applause.) They had made arrangements on he wages question with their employers to try and get th6 eight hours by mutual arrangement through the sliding-scale. They were, therefore, no: prepared to give notice this year. It bad, nevertheless, been arranged that if they did not agree upon the slidfftg-scale this year, tbey wouid join with the national organization in the eight hours movement. (Hear, hear.) Mr RICHARDS (Monmouth) remarked that the men he represented were governed by the course set before the conference and unless the eight hours system ware in operation by tbe beginumg of the year umter the sliding-scale, they wouU join with the federation irf giving notice at the oeginning of the year. (Hear, hear.) They had a definite promise from their employers that the sliding-scaie should be completed by the begin- ning of tbe year, and eight hours' work was one clause in the scale. (Applause.) Consequently, if they bad it withont notIc, he did not suppose anyone would requiro them to give notice of it. But unless It were to be put into operation at the beginning of the year, they would give notice on the 1st of January, provided the conference areed upon that. c-ur<e. Mr ISAAC EVANS (Neath) reported that they issued circulars m the Neath and Swansea dis- trict, and had an unarrnious reply in favour of eight hours from 2,500 out of 2,750 men. It would be impossible for them to give notice during this year, for the custom in South Wales was a calendar month's notice, aud there was not time for that now. But the resolution passed last Saturday relating to tba whole of th South Wales and Monmouthshire miners would be some guide to the conference. It was to the effct tbat they should agitUe for the eigiit-hours j dny if it were not gained by the end of the year. Believing that it was what they cught to have, they intended to have it. (Hear, hear.) They were going to ask for it, and not rest satisfied until they got it. Mr ASHTON (Manchester): Suppose this con- ference decides to eek the eight hours by organi- I Sation. Will South Wales go with us? The CHAIUMA.V I think it must be understood clearly thai Wales is not with us at all. Mr MORGAN: Nor. for this year. The CHAIKUAN Mr Morgan said, "If we fail to get eight hours through the scale, then we will uuice with you to try and get it next year. At the present moment they are not prepared to pledge themselves to give notice. Tois concluding the district reports, the CHAIRMAN addressed the conference. He said be wauted no wavering followers. The re- ports did not indicate that unanimity on the question of seeking the eight-hours day by trades unionism aJone which would justify him in recommendiug that the conference should embark on the great question of teodering notices to terminate contracts at tbe end of the year. He did not want to be led into any position which would necessitate tba asking of the men to re- consider any decision come to in the conference that day. He would not advise other districts which had taken definite resolutions, and where the men were in f" your of an eight hours worklnK day < eing secured by Act of Parliament—he would not in auy way recomw8mJ that tha conference should try to push these men or urge them to a position which would in itself be a false one and one which the men wouid notaccept or endorse. He had told them aU alon that so far as he was con- cerned be was willing that they should go in for an e'ght hours working day by trades union eff jrt, and should seek by every means to obtain | it. But if there was not a unanimous feeling on I that point, be was quite willing to go iu for obtaiiuug it by Act of Parliament. If the men had been unanimous and had sent their re- presentatives to say witb one voice that they would on the ht January ttyby trades unionetfort toget the eight hour' be felt fully convinced III his own mind that they would bave obtained what they wanted. But be did not believe they would be justified in straining a point in order to make it appear that they were unanimous in tbe conference. They had beard the votes of Yorkshire and Lancashire; but the Fores&'of Dean men had come witb a blank refusal to go in for hours except by Act of Parlia- ment, and at such a grave crisis he urged they should be practically unanimous. He was not going to pervert the conference, and he hoped all representatives would be loyal to their B constituents. They must be very careful not to enter into a contract to lay every colliery idle, on the assumption that all the men who had not voted would be loyal to a decision arrived at. It was one thing to go in for an advance of wages, but it was another thing to go in for shortening I working hours by voluntary action. (Hear, hear). The result of the canvass had been placed before them, and he would leave the matter in the hands of the conference. Mr HABVKY (Derbyshire) submitted a resolu- tion to the effect that. the conference, having heard reports from delegates representing great bulk of tbe miners in Engiand, Scotland, and Wales on the question of an eight hours working day, believed the time opportune for securing the eight hours day from bank to bank, and decided that notices should be given in on the first day of January. He said that, having re- ceived a mandate from the men, they were bound in all fairness to move the resolution, whether it were carried or not. There would, no doubt, be a good deal said as to securing the eight hours day by Act of Parliament, but if they waited till it was obtained by legislation, the grass would grow over the graves of some of them before it was obtained. Organisatlcn and national com- pact had secured for tbem already much which employers bad declared to be "Impossible." It had gained for them 20 per cent. since October, 1883, and there was another 10 per c-nt. in pros- pect and he bad no hesitation in saying that if the whole ot tbe counties represented would tender notices, tbey would secure tbe eight hours day in 1890. (Hear, hear.) He never knew a time more opportune, and was glad to see that Soutb Wales had made such rapid strides on the ques- tion. They there represented between 300,000 and 400,000 out of the 500,000 miners of the country t hat was four-fifths of the miners after the boys had been left out of calculation, and who could withstand tbeir determination to bave the liight hours day ? There bad been talking, and abstract resolutions, and pious opinions, but tbey must do more. Tbe men would be dissatified Ulaless they did more. (Hear, bear.) Mr HASLAM (Derbyshire) seconded the motion, atid asked whether the minority in the conference would be bound by the majority. If the men were net faithful to tbe conferenca decisions, then tbe disruption of national organisation would be in sight. Mr RAWIJNSON (Forest of Dean), referring to the fact tirat tbe ballot bad gone in his district against the proposition, stated that the men bad been working three days a week for five or six Weeks, and the men were a little exasperated. Mr CoWRY remarked that if a minority failed to act, that minority wouid work bavoc with tbe majority. At this point the conference adjourned till Thursday.

EXPEDITION TO MEET THE EXPLORER. fritom OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] ZANZIBAR, Tuesday Night. I left Zanzibar on Friday last on my expedition to meet Stanley, and arrived at Bagamoyo the following day, when I despatched this tele- gram. I sailed in a dhow from Zanzibar, flying the American flag at the mast-head, and brought with me fifty porters to carry provisions and comforts for Stanley, Irnin Pasha, and their followers. I had also in my charge a packet of letters for Stanley and a parcel of clothes for Captain Casti, which was entrusted to me by the Italian Consul at Zanzibar. I quitted Bagamoyo on Saturday afternoon for the environs, where several caravans, numbering in all two thousand persons, have been formed. This expedition started on Sunday morning for the in- terior under the escort of Baron Von Grasenreuth, who conducts the convoy of German supplies to Ernin Pasha. We shall have 100 armed men with us. Our caravan follows immediately. I have heard from Stanley through Arabs who have met him. They say that his hair is quite white, that he has clothes, and carries boxes with him, but has no ivory. We expect to meet Stanley iu a week.

ANOTHER LETTER FROM THE EXPLORER. In a letter to Mr Marston, the publisher, and dated C.M.S., s. end, Victoria, Nyanza, Sept. rd. 1889, Mr Stanley, after re- marking that it appears such an age to him since he left England, says One day has followed the other in striving strife- fully against all manner of obstacles, natural and otherwise, from tbe day I left Yambuya to August 28, 1889, the day I arrived here. The bare catal-gue cf incidents would fill several quires of foolscap, catalogue of skirmishes would be of respectable length, cata- logua. of adventures, accidents, mortalities, sufferings from fever, morbid musings over mischances that meet us daily, would make a formidable list. You know that all the stretch of country between Yambuya to this place was an absolute new country, except what may be measured by five ordinary marches. Three separate times necessity compelled us to tra- verso these unholy regions with varying fortunes. Emin Pasha was a prisoner, an officer of ours was his forced companion, and it really appeared as though we were to be added to the list; but there is a virtue you know, even in striving unyield- ingly, in hardening the nerves, and facing these everctmging mischances without paying too much heed to the reputed danger. One is assistep much by knowing that there is uo other course, and the danpar, somehow, nine times out of ten, diminishes. The rebels of Emin Pasha's govern- ment relied on their craft and on the wiles of heathen Chinee and it is rather amusing now to look back and note how punishment has fallen on them. L26 those who love to analyse such matters reflect on it. Traitors without the campand traitors Within were watched, and the most active con- spirator was discovered, tried, and bung; tbe traitors without fell foul of one-another and ruined themselves. If not luck, then it is surely Providence, in answer to good men's prayers far away. Our own people, tempted by extreme wretchedness and misery, sold cur rifles and ammunition to our natural enemies the Manyema, slave-traders, true fiends without the least grace in either their bodies or souls. What happy influence was it that res- trained me from destroying all those concerned in it ? Each time I read the story of Captain Nel- son's and Surgeon Parke's sufferings, I feel vexed at my forbearance, and. yet again I feel thankful that a Higher Power than man's severely aflcted the cold-blooded murderers by causing them to feed upon one another a few weeks after the rescue and relief of Nelson and Parke. The memory of those days alternately hardens and unmans me. With the rescue of the Pasha, poor old Casati, and those who preferred Egypt's flesh-pots to the coarse plenty of the pro- vince near the Nyanza, we returned, and while we were patiently waiting the doom of the rebels was consummated. Since that time of anxiety and unhappy outlook I have been at the point of death from a dreadful illness. The strain had been too much, and for 28 days I lay helpless, tended by the kindly and skilful hand of Surgeon Parke. Then, little by little, I gathered strength, and ordered the march for home. Discovery after discovery in the wonderful region was made. We have every reason to be grateful, and may that feeling be ever kept within me. Our pro- mises as volunteers bave been performed as well as though we bad been specially commissioned by a government. We have been all volunteers, each devoting bis several gifts, abilities, and energies to win a successful issue for the enter- prise. If there has been anything that clouds sometimes our thoughts, it bas been that we were compelled, by the state of Emin Pasha and bis own people, to cause anxieties to our friends by serious delay. At every opportunity I have endeavoured to lessen these by despatching full accounts of our progress to the committee—that through them all inter- ested might be acquainted with what we were doing 1 hear there is great trouble, war, &c., between the Germans and Arabs of Zanzibar. What influence this may bave on our fortunes I do not know, but we trust nothing will interrupt the march to the sea, which will be begun in a few days. [The sketch block of Mr Stanley given above is drawn from a photograph taken just prior to hia leaving England.]

THE MARCH TO THE SEA, The Emin Relief Committee have received a farther letter from Mr Stanley, in which be says: —On the 17th of February, Emin Pacha and a following of about 65 people, inclusive of Selim Bey or Colonel Selim and seven other officers, who were a deputation sent by the officers of the Equatorial Province, arrived at my camp on the plateau near Kavallis village. The PaCha was in mQfti, but the deputation were in uniform, and made quite a sensation in tbe country. Three of them were Egyptians, but the others were Nubians, and wero rather soldierly in their appearance, and with one or two exceptions received warm commendations from the Pacha. The divan was to be held the next day. On the 18th Lieut. Stairs arrived with bis colutnn, largely augmented by Mazam- boni's people, from the Ituri River, and the ex- pedition was once more united, not to be separa- ted I hoped again during our stay in Africa. At the meeting which was held in the morning Selim Bey—who bad lately distinguished himself iat Datilé bv retaking the station from the Mah. dists, and killing about 250 of them, it wassai a tall, buriy, elderly man of 50 cr tbereabiiu j stated on behalf of fiie deputation and the otn of Wadelai that they came to ask for time to a the troops and their families to assemble Kavallis. ARRANGING FOR THE EXODUS. Though knew what our o^CuAf0 coming to the Nyanza or they ought tow* known, I took the occasion through the "aC t(J who is thoroughly f.rofitiitat in Arabic, explain it in detail. I wondered at the ready ner they approved everything, though, sinc« I have discovered that such is their though they may not believe a word you I theu told them tbat though I bad wftVug nearly a year to obtain a simple answer to sincrle question, whether they would sta^a Africa, or accompany us to Egypt, I w uld ff1 them before they departed a promise wrltte Arabic that I would stay a reasonable n Buff.cie it to euable them to embark I and families and all such as were willing to a k' on board the steamers and to arrive at the r d shore below our camp. The deputation rep 18 I that my answer was quite satisfactory, and t promised on their part that tbey would ProChftt direct to Wadelai, proclaim to all concerned my answer was, and commence the work transport. CONSPIRACY IN THE CAMP. On ApiiilO .il we set out from number about 1,500, for 350 native carriers been enrolled from the district to assiwt in cart1" ing the baggage of the Pacha's people, wb:, ideas as to what was essential for march were very crude. Oa the we camped at Masambonis, but in V?, night I was struck down with a severe ne^s which well nigh proved mortal. It detains^ us at tbe camp twenty-eight days, which Selim Bey and his party were really serious 1 their intention to withdraw from Africa w:c. most fortunate for them, since it their time allowance to ssventy-two days. t. in all this interval, only Shukri Aga, the chief Mswa Station, appeared. He had started twelve soldiers, but one by one disappeared, a the had only his trumpeter aud on& servant. few days after the trumpeter absconded. bdC only one servant was left out cf a garrison of sltl men, who were reported to be tho faithfulles o. the faithful. During my illness a conspiracy rather several were afl >at, but one only attempted to be realised, and tbe ringleader#, slave of Awash Effendi's, whom I had made f*j at Kavallis, was arrested, and, after court-ma''1 which found him guilty, was immediately ed cuted. Thus I have very briefly summarISe the events attending the withdrawal of t! Pacha and his Egyptians from the neighbouring ct the Albert JNvaiiz^, On the 8 ,h of May*" march was resumed, but in the ovePI the last communication from Selim was received. It began in a very ins0^ style — such au, What do you by makin? the Egyptian officers carry loads their beads and shoulders? What do f?t mean by making the soldiers beasts 01 burden? Woat do you mean by," &c" &C¡t all of which wore purely mythical cii A reply was sent to him for the last time that » be were serious in wishing to accompany us, 24 should proceed forward at a slow rate, halting"* days 011 the route, by which he would easily o, take us with his 200 soldiers. This was tbe Ian We heard ot him.

PRISON BRUTALITY. Charge Against a Warder. An inquest was held in Strangeways Gao Manchester, on Tuesday, relative to j he death o. William Henry Gatliffe, aged about 35 who waf committed on the 20,h inst. for 21 days' iØl4 prisonment by tbe Manchester county stip^" d'ary for riotous and disorderly behaviour drunk. When admitted to tho gaol it appearS that Gatl.ffe was suffering from delirium tremoUSr- and ttie prison surgeons considered it advisable :d place him in hospital. He was straptj^1 to the bed which he occupied. prevent him doing injury to bimself supernumerary warder named Anthony. Mitchell,- married man about 48 years, was on duty in tba particular ward whern Gttlige was confined dur4 ing the night of the 22ud instant and the mocni^R of the 23rd, and it is alleged that during time he ill-used the prisoner so violently that man died the next morning. Three patients wert: in the same ward, one being William Dukes; man who is charged with tbe Bury murder liam Chadwick, who will shortly be brougbt suspicion of having murdered the pawnbroker4 assistant at Atberton; and Henry McBurneY. a prisoner who was sentenced at tbEJ Manchester assizes on Monday morning to twelve months' imprisonment for Dukes and McBurney gave evidence at the inquest, and Chadwick was taken into the court, but the coroner (Mr F. Price) remarked tbllll after a consultation with tha governor of tbe prison, he did not deem it advisable to this man. Dukes who was dressed in a soit ° blue serge, looked pale, but he gave his evidence in a very calm manner. He said he was in the cot to the right of Gatliffa on Friday night last. Gatliffa mumbled most of the night, and it was evident from what he said that he thought be waS at home. Mitchell, Dukes went on to say,approached thecotandtold Gatliffe to "shut up." Still GatlljJ. went on talking, and from an early hour in tbe morning till five or six, when he went off duty* Mitchell kept thumping Gatliffe on the chest aø ribs, swearing that be would brenk his rIbs, and that he would gag him. Gatliffe died early on Saturday morning. Asked by Mitchell wbl he did not interfere if be was so violent as w*8 stated, Dukes said he was afraid of tbe punish" ment that might ensue. Tbe medical testimony showed the cause of death to be shock to tlle nervous system, caused by the fracture cf breast bone and several ribs. Such injuries tb: doctors stated, could nat possibly be infLctCO without very considerable violence, and they did not think it possible that the man could bafe caused them himself. The jury unanimous!/ returned a verdict of "Manslaugbter" against the warder Mitchell, and be will be tried at tba next Liverpool assizes.

THE GAOL SCANDAL.) At Northamptonshire Assizas on John Howe (late governor of Northampton Gaol), Elizabeth Cross (matron of the gaol), aud Tbo William Whitchurch (herbalist) were under eight indictments with attempting illegal operation on the female prisoner. b. judge in chambers had quashed certain ments relating to Mrs Cross with reference to tb administration of drugs and illegal operation* The chief witness was Annie Furneaux, keeper to Whitchurch, who spoke to the female prisoner being operated on after several visits to Whitchurch, with Howe's connivance. In croBd examination witness admitted having with Whitchurch, and threatened to bave be revenge. At Northampton assises on Wednesday—befot Justice Wills—the case known as the NOb. ampton Gaol scandal was resumed. *jj prisoner Whitchurch dismissed counsel wbo appeared for bim yesterday, and # ducted bis case bimself. Tbe Furneaux was then re-called, and øu¡" mitted to cross-examination by Whitchurch* who endeavoured to show that she had lived WIt him, and that her evidence was, therefore, Up4 reliable and revengeful. Other witnesses afterwards called, and stated tbat Stoma ff** frequently at Whitchurch's premises.

WIFE MURDER IN THE ISLE Of MAN. On Tuesday,at noon,a shocking tragedy oecarr at a building known as Redfern's Douglas, Isla of Man. A plasterer William Kelly cut bis wife's throat with IJ¡ penknife, inflicting a terrible gasb, and tbe woina* died almost* instantaneously. It appears tb previous evening Kelly, his wife, and family ba bad a drunken spree in their rooms, and c0(^ sumed a quantity of liquor. They separate about one yesterday morninsr, and on account some high words between Kelly and his wife; tlB latter stayed for the nigbt with ber daugbte in another part of tbe house. Yesterd^ morning Mrs Kelly came down and Pr pared breakfast. The differences betwee herself and husband bad apparently ben arranged, for a quantity of drink was ot In which the pair consumed. About 12 o'clock they again got to words, and Kelly told his wife not to be so tantalising, as he had often threatened out ber throat. She sat on a chair near tb0 and putting her head back, said, Come and ° it now." Kelly said he was tantalised to tb» extent that he got up and did cut ber throat. A inquest was held in tha afternoon, and, a"e evidence, was adjourned.

RHONDDA STEAM COAL MINERS An Assistant for Mabon. Tha monthly delegate meeting of the Rbondda Valleys Steam Coal Miners 'Association was held on Monday, at tbe Windsor Castle Hotel, Ton, under the presidency of Mr D. S, George, Watts- town. The vice-chair was occupied by Mr Cbas. Powel Tylorstown. In all 32 collieries were represented. Mr W. Abraham, M.P. (Mabon), miners> aent, was also present. Tbe Ynyseren Colliery was received into the association. Mr W. P. Bowden (Forest Level) and Mr A. Galloway (Lady Margaret Pit) were appointed to audit the district books during the next six months. It was decided tbat four delegates from the district should attend the Newport conference on TOés- Jay, Wednesday, and the following days. Mabon explained1 tbat the Royal Commission on Mining Royalties, of wbieb be was a member, would sit during the present week, and, therefore, he could not attend the Newport conference. The duties appertaining to his office as agent had now become so heavy that be would ask the miners to consider whether the time bad not come when be should have assistance. After a discussion, it was decided to ask Mr Abraham himself to select a person to assist him during the next month, and that the various collieries should before the next meeting consider whether a temporary or permanent sub-agent, to devote the whole or part of bis time to the work, shoold be appointed, and if so, whom 7-Mabon impressed upon tLe meet- ing the fact that it was of the utmost importance that the man selected as sub-agent should be one who would co-operate and work shoulder to 8hculder with him-thea-f, bear)—and tbat there should be a thcrougb understanding between them; otherwise it would be preferable, for the sake of tbe district, that no assistant at all be ap- pointed. Mr BDBR, one of the inventors of the Thoone- burry miners' lamp, attended, and exhibited to the meeting the lamp in question, wbicb, he claimed, was an absolutely safe one. He explained its mechanicism, and said that it differed in principle to all otber lamps, one of its chief peculiarity being that the ingress of air foe supporting combustion was separate and distinct from the egress of the products of com- bustion, the result being that the illumination was greatly increased, the light being equal to Ii candles as compared with '4 in other lamps. Being self-extinguishing in an explosive-mixture of fire damp and air, it was unable to cause an explosion, and it fulfilled in every respect each and all of the conditions for an efficient miner's ssfety lamp as laid down in the final report of the I Royal Commissioners appointed to inquire into accidents in mines. The lamp had been subjected to severe testa at the Aldmarke Main Collienr, Rotherham, by Sir Frederick Abel, C.B., D.C.L. a member of the Koyal Commission, and Pro- fessor Dewer, of Cambridge, and their report was that it fulfiti>3d those conditions, even under abnormal circumstances, and was very decidedly superior to any of theaafetylamps which weremade the subject of experiment by the commissioners. -Mabou. M.P., said that he had examined the lamp, and he found it accomplished what no other lamp he had ever seen was able to do. It gave good light, was safe, and the light did not extinguish when the lamp was "tilted."—Several or the delegates spoke highly of the invention, aud made some valuable suggestions, am01) them being that Mr Burr should exhibit the lamp to the principal colliery officials in the district, as well as to Sir W. T, Lewis and Mr Forster Browne. Several matters of importance were adjourned, and it was decided to hold a special meeting on Saturday next.

SHIPBUILDING AT CARDIFF. An Enterprising Undertaking. The "Man Ab ut Town "of the South Wales Echo writes :—" Tiie launch of the Cardiff Castle from the Bute Shipbuilding Compauy's yard was made the occasion of a good many encouraging remarks on the advantages of Cardiff as a ship- building port, and the prospects of locally developing that important industry. The Cardiff Castle, au ordinary type of the medium-sized cargo boat of the day, was our proof of what can be done here. A still finer example, however, of the capabilities of the Bute Shipbuilding Yard, and therefore of the part, is to be seeu in the May- field, now on the stocks, and rapidly approaching completion. This fine steamer is of 3,800 tens burthen, and the largest ever built in the Bristol Channel, unless, indeed, it was the old Gieat Br,tltiu, which, I believe, was built in Bristol. Tiie Mnyfield measures 300 feet, by a trifle over 38 feet beam; is 24 unep iu held, and will be engined up to 250 horse-power. Let Cardiff shipbuilding tl,urish! And I be- lieve it will. I am, happily, in the position to make an announcement which presages a brighter future for the shipbuilding trade of Cardiff, and in that way for the greater prosperity of the port. The spirited shipbuilding policy of the directors of this company, among the firmest believers in its ultimate results being Messrs Philip and Thomas Morel and Mr D. Duncan, has now piacad it beyond doubt that steamships can bj constructed here of a biarh class, and equal, if not superior, to the work turned out of any yard in the kingdom. But it has been found by the directors of the pompany, which pmbraces not only the dry dock and yard on the Tatf, but large colliery engineering works at Trfherbert, that they have as much on band as they can do, and that their capital i.^ too fully occupied to permit them to become shipbuilders on the large scale which is required in these days of competi- tion to make tbe undertaking 1\ compiete Rnd prosperous concern. The announcement I am able to make is that negotiations are satisfactorily proceedmg for the transfer of the works to a syndicate now in course of formation, con- sisting of the Marquia of Bute, Lord Wim- borne, Mr Inskip, chairman of the Taff Valfl Railway, Sir W. T. Lewis, and others. The plans, as tar as they are foreshadowed, include the erection on the opposite side of the river of a little township of workmen's cottages, to be let at low rents, whereby the increased host of shipwrights, fitters, and others would be supplied with accommodation close at hand. The agree- ment is not yet formally ratified, but there can be little doubt that when the new corporation is fotmed a number of :ocal shipowners will the board, and bring tbeil1 valuable experience to the advantage of a shipbuilding yard which has already shown by its recent constructions that Cardiff need be 110 ionger dependent upon the Tyue or Tees or Scottish porte, but can vie with them on perhaps more than equal terms, and—it is a hope rather than a boast-beat them also.

L OOAL LABOUR DISPUTES. The Birohgrove Strike. It is not quite correct to state that both sides in this dispute bave left it to. the mayor to effect a settlement. The representatives of the men have submitted to the mayor their demands, and bis Worship has kindiy undertaken to place them before the directors of the Works with a view to their acceptance, or of obtaining a counter offer for 8nbmission to the meu. There 18, however, it is understood, a feeling on the part of the men tbac if arbitration is to be decided on, the arbitrator should be a perfectly independent person, who is neither a master nor a workman. The Strike at Tyroanol, Several times recently Mr D j. Randell, M.P., has spokeu of the necessity for forming boards of conciliation composed of representatives of masters and workmen who can discuss all matters in dispute on level terms in friendly fashion across the table. A striking proof that eventa are teuding in the direction of speedily reaching such a consummation has just beeu afforded. Soou after the dispute between Mr W. Williams and his men at Morristou, most of the tin-plate makers joined in forming an association called the 'Cm-plate Makers'Association for South Wales, Monmouthshire, and Gloucester, the avowed object being to combine to resist any unreason- able demands of the men. The first strike which has occurred since the formation of this associa- tion is that at the Tyrcanol Woiks, Morriston. But the association is evidently so struck with the justice of at least some of the wen's demands "and, perhaps, so convinced of the power of tbe men's union) that, instead of taking steps to coerce the meu into submissions they have approached tile Tinplate Workers' Association with the object of getting au amicable arrange- ment come to betweeu bath sides. The Masters' Association wanted the men, in the meantime, to resume work on the assurance that they should be paid from the resumption tbe rate of wages that might, be agreed on by the executives of the two associations. The men, however, prefer staying out till the dispute is settled but in the mean- time th" executive of tbe workmen's association will accept the invitation to meet that of the masters, and there is no doubt that the result of the combined conference will be an equitable settlement. The Len are to be congratulated, for the adoption of this principle of establishing con- ciliation boards is a great recognition of the power of thcii union, and, what is more, the tffect should be to largely improve the relations of masters and men, and besides secure a fairer treatment to the latter. Settlement of a Dispute at Havod. We understand that, as a result of a conference between Mabon, M.P., and Mr Davies, the manager, the noticoa of dismisal served upon several of the principal workmen employed at the Lewis's Merthyr Colliery, Hafod, have been withdrawn, and the men will go on working aa if no notices bad been given.

NANTYGLO AND BLAINA IRONWORKS. Meeting of Shareholders. The annual general meeting of the shareholders of this flourishing local company was held at tbe offices of the company, 5, Queen Anne's Gate, London, S.W., on the 18th Novem- ber. Mr F. Wootton-Isaacson, M.P., chair- man, presided, and was supported by Mr John Robinson and Admiral Field, M.P., directors. There was a good attendance of shareholders.— The Chairmau, after congratulating the company on a very successful year, referred to the in- troduction of a colliers' holiday on the first Mon- day in every month, and to the increase of 20 per cent. granted in wages; yet, notwithstanding these financially unfavourable circumstauces.they bad managed to do xcellent business. Indeed, tbey were only JB720 behind the profits of last year. The outlook he considered most favourable. They would observe by tbe balance-sheet that they bad reduced their 4b per cent. debentures from £89¡000 to £ 84,OuO. They would notice also that they had paid two half-yearly dividends, or rather arrears of dividends owing to preferential shareholders, and which they paid as they got it. They had recently paid them a dividend They could have paid a little more, but he did not think it would bave been wise. They paid them a dividend precisely the same as they did this time last year. True, in Aprillaat tbey paid a dividend of £ 115s,and be thought if things went on as well all they bad been doing they should possibly pay a similar dividend next April. Speaking of the working expenses, he described them as ridiculously low. He ventnred to say that there was not a single company in the universe — comparatively speaking — that could point to such ridiculously low working expenses. It would be impossible to conduct a great company like this with greater regard to economy than has been the case, or with greater watchfulness for the interests of tbe shareholders. There was never a penny tbat escaped bis notice, and if there was ever a possibility of making twopence out of a penny that was done. (Laughter.)—Admiral Field, M.P., observed that it was entirely dne to Mr Isaacson, a.nd to a few honest men who worked with hico, that this company was not wreckad years ago,—Hearty votes ot tbanks were passed to the airectors for tbeir masterly management of the concern.

MINERS' PROVIDENT SOCIETY. Meeting at Cardiff. The ordinary quarterly meeting of the Board of Management of thia society was held at the Angel Hotel, Cardiff, on Saturday. In the unavoid- able absence of Sir W. T. Lewis the chair was taken by Mr Louis Tylor, There were also pre- sent Messrs E. Jones, E. M. Hann, W. Jenkins, Dr Parry, W. Davies, H. Bray, J. Jones, H. Thomas, D. R, Lewis, J. J. Davies, J. Prosser, J. Sage, T. Railton, W. H. Magor, D. Bowen, and Mr Owen and Mr Campbell (secretaries). The quarterly statement of accounts which was passed showed tbat the members' contributions for the quarter were £7,549; proprietors' precentages, £1,936; interest on investments, £707; and honorary members' subscriptions, JBIOL The fnneral allowances amounted to £347; widows' allowances, j6889 children's allowances, £930 and tbe disablement pay, £3,352. The number of members on tbe 30th September was 42,921, an increase of 1,793, Tbo number ot, fatal accidents was 30, causing the death of 31 members, The number of widows relieved was 290, children 574, disablement cases 2,661, and there were on the funds at the end of the quarter 281 widows and 568 children. The reports of the Investigation Com- mittee were read, and a large number of special cases were taken into consideration, and orders were made thereon. A hearty vote of thanks to Mr Tylor concluded the meeting.

MEETING OF DOCKERS" AT NEWPORT. A meeting of guards, drivers, brakesmen, and signalmen in the employ of the Alexandra and Newport Docks and Railway Company was held at the Co-operative Stores, Newport, on Sunday afternoon. There was a large atten- dance. Several speakers complained of the smallness of the pay and the number of hours worked, together with the un- satisfactory arrangemen ts as to overtime. It seems that brakesmen are paid from 17s to 18 per week guards, 23s, and drivers, 58 per day for 10 hours per day. Tbey asked for an advance ot 61 per day on all grades, and extra for night work, at the rate of time-and-a-half. The meeting also asked for a more equitable adjustment of meal time?, which were sometimes abridged without recompense being given, It was pointed out that the rate of wages of similar employéi at Cardiff and Barry Docks was much higher, and that the Newport scale was below that of docks in other parts of the kingdom. It was utianimously decided to memorialise Sir George Elliot, Bart., M.P., and the other directors of the Alexandra Docks Company for a lessening of the hours and an increase of pay. The meeting was adjourned for an answer to be received.

STEEL WORKS ARTISANS AND THEII1 WAGES. We understand that simultaneously with Dow- lais, Cyfarthfa, Ebbw Vale, R;lymny. and Blaenavon, a deputation waited upon Mr Colqu- houn, the general manager of Tredegar Work", a fortnight ago, and asked for a further advance of 15 per cent. in their wages. The deputation of the Tredegar men were sent for last week, and were informed by Me Colquhoun that the em- ployers were prepared to grant a further advance of 5 per cent. from the 1st of January, 1890. The deputation informed Mr Colquhoun that they could not give any answer. The matter was dis- cussed at a delegate meeting on Saturday last, but no decision was arrived at. The question Was eventually adjourned until Wednesday next.

MEETING OF RAILWAY PORTERS AT PONTYPRIDD, A largely attended meeting of railway porters employed by the Taff Vale Railway Company was held on Sunday at the Pon'ypridd C.iffee Tavern, when representatives were present from Cardiff, Merthyr, and almost all the stations on the system. The subject discussed had reference to the desirableness of applying for an advance of wages, but no final decision was arrived at, arrangements being made for holding a similar meeting at an early date.

THE MANCHESTER TRAMWAY MEN. Important Concessions. At a meeting ot the directors of the Manchester Carriage and Tramways Company, held on Tues- day, the question of reducing the hours of labour of the tramcar drivers and guards was discussed. Mr Alderman King was in the chair, and there was a full attendance. It was resolved that all the regular drivers and guards of the tramcars be granted a day's holiday every fortnight, and be paid for the same, but that no such holiday fall on a Saturday. If was also agreed that the wages of the horsekeepers should be advanced at the rate of Id per horse per week. Advance to Miners. The representatives of the Yorkshire coal owners, at Sheffield, on Monday, consented to give their miners a further advance of 10 per cent. in January on condition that, if prices rose, the men were not to ask for another advance for six months, the masters agreeing not to ask for a reduction if prices fell during that time. The representatives of the miners who attended inti- mated that they would recommend the acceptance of the proposal. The action of Yorkshire colliery proprietors has hitherto been followed by coal- owners in many parts of the country. Hence, the importance of their present concession can be imagiued.

HENRY RICHARD'S BIOGRAPHY. I Y 2y3t a'r Bydd devotes a leading article to Miali's 4i Life of Henry Richard." The review is evidently from the peu of the Rev John Thomas, D.D., Liverpool. After complimenting Mr Miall on the portion ot the book dealing with Mr Richard's connection with the Peace Society, the Tyst says Alost Welshmen who read this biography will probably feel that sufficient prominence has not been given to Mr Richard's connection with Wales. It is possible that our expectations were placed too high, but to us in Wales there was so close a connection between him and all things Welsh that we cannot imagine a biography of him which does not give to Wales the first and most prominent place. His connection with Wales was such as made it impossible for an Englishman to understand it. The period covered by his public life was an era of revival in Welsh political life. From 1838 to 1888 there was an endless j series of political questions following each other, commencing with the repeal of the corn laws and reaching to the national revival which is now so manifest. In all these agitations no man outside Wales took so prominent a part as Reury Richard. In Wales there were several, but out- side the principality Mr Richard stood almost alone in the deep interest and the prominent part he took in all Welsh movements, and tbus it would have been impossible to find a better oppor- tunity than this biography afforded of giving Jbnglishmen a clear and comprehensive view of the social and religious condition ot Wales, and the great awakening which has taken place during the past fifty years. The history of great men includes the bietory of their age, and the men cannot be fully understood unless their times are also comprehended. This defect in the biography may not appear to an Eugiish reader, and indeed to him it may not be a defect. It has probably not occurred to the biographer himself. To him Mr Richard is an English character, though a Welshman by birth, and though taking a deep interest in his country and nation. he is not pourtrayed as a Welsh character. Buc we look upon him from a different standpoint, and to us he appears as a Welshman of the Welsh, with the cause of his people'always and everywhere at heart; and though be resided in England for nearly sixty years, his Welsh sympathies cooled not, bnt bis zeal for bis flesh and blood continued intense. He was a patriot of the purest type, though he was far above flattering his fellow- countrymen in order to secure their approbation, much less would he create national prejudice, which is entirely inconsistent with true patriot- ism." Several of the papers, notably the Tgst, Golemd, and Herald Cymraeg, refer to the un- veiling of the Henry Ricoard Memorial at Abney Park Cemetery.

MUNICIPAL BYE-ELECTIONS, CARDIFF. The Canton Ward, The polling took place on Friday of last week, the votes being counted the same evening at Severn-road Schools. A few minutes after nine o'clock, Mr R. N. Hail, the Liberal candidate's agent, together with several prominent members of the party, emerged from the schoolroom, and advancing to the railings overlooking the road, commenced to wave their hats. It was then known that Mr Symonds had been returned, and straightway loud and entbu- siastic cheers were raised, renewed again and again as Mr Alderman Waring, the returning- otficer, came forward to read out the result of the polling. So high ran popular enthusiasm that it was some time before the worthy alderman could complete his task, aud even then only thoso standing in his immediate vicinity were able to hear the figures, owing to the deafening cheers raised in honour of the successful candidate. The figures were as below Mr Wm. Symonds. M,„L 1604 Mr D. L. Lougher.. G llli Liberal majority 492 PREVIOUS ELECTIONS. 1887, Mr W. E. Vaughan L 1S81 Dr 1366 Mr J. W. Stevens C 935 1888.—No contest. 1889. Mr S. Mildon L 1345 Mr W. Sanders h 1272 Mr J. H. Butler-. Ind 837 Mr D. L. Lougher was returned at the head of the poll in 1885 with a total of 1,057 votes; Mr Brain, also a Conservative, following with 933. Swansea. This election took place on Tuesday. There were seven vacancies in six wards, Very little interest was taken in the contest, and there was scarcely any excitement in any part of the town during the day.

LIBERALISM AT THE MUMBLES The annual meeting of the Mumbles Liberal Association was held on Monday evening, County Councillor F. Cory Yeo presid- ing. The attendance was satisfactory and repre- omtstive.-The Chairman urged the necessity for gteater enthusiasm in the cause amongst the Liberals of the village, and urged the forma- tion of a complete organisation. Steps were then taken to secure this object, and pleasure was expressed at the fact that there is no longer any division existing amongst the different sections of tbe party. Mr Yeo was elected president, and Mr T. Grimshaw secretary. Tbe meeting was then adjourned till next Monday week, to which all the Liberals of the district are invited. At this meeting the district committee will be elected and representatives appointed on the council of the division. It was announced that Mr Randell, M.P., with other members of Parliament, will address a iu; Jtopmbwij. <

A THRILLING NARRATIVE. How Emin Pasha was Relieved. The chairman of the Kmin Pacha Relief Fund has just received an exhaustive letter from Mr Henry M. Stanley, dated August 5ch, 1889, in which the gallant explorer describes his experi- ences and those of his dsvoted band in tbe heart of the Dark Continent. Sir,—My last report to you was sent off by Salim bin Mohammed in the early part of Sep- tember, 1888. Having gathered such as were left of the rear column, and such Manyemas as were willing of their own accord to accompany me, and entirely reorganised the expedition, we ject off on our return to the Nyanza. You will doubtless remember that Mr Mounteney Jephson had been left with Emin Paella to convey my mes- sage to the Egyptian troop, and that on or about the 26.h of July both Emin Pacha and Mr Jephsun were to start from the Nyanza, with a sufficient escort and a number of porters to conduct the officers and garrison of Fort Bodo to a new station that was to be erected near Kavallis, on the south-west side of Lake MR H. M. STANLEY. I Albert, by which I should be relieved of the necessity of making a fourth trip to Fort Bodo Promise for promise had been m-ide, for on my part I had solemnly promised that I should hurry towards Yambuys and hunt up the missing rear column, and be back again on Lake Albert some time about Christmas. HARDSHIPS OF THE EXPEDITION. On the 30-h of October, having cast off the canoes, the land march began in earnest, and two days later we discovered a large plantain planta- tion in charge of the Dwarfs. The people fluug themselves on the plantains to Ulaka as large a provision as possible for the dreaded wilderness ahead of us. Four days later we stumbled across the prin- cipal village of a district called Andikumu, sur- rounded by tbe finest plantation ot bananas and plantains we bad yet seen, which a41 the Man- yeina's habit of spoliation and destruction bad been unable to destroy. Then our people, after severe starvation during 14 days, gorged them- solves to such excess that it contributed greatly to lessen our numbers. Every twentieth indi- vidual suffered soma complaint which entirely incapacitated him from duty. The Iburu river was about four miles south-south-east from this place, flowing from east-north-east, and about 60 yards broad, and deep owing to the heavy rains. FACE TO FACE WITH STARVATION. Mr Stanley then describes the absence of a party of foragers that be had sent out. The letter proceeds:—The afternoon of the seventh day mustered everybody, besides the garrison of the camp—ten men. Sadi, the Maoyema chief, surrendered 14 of his men to doom; Ktbbo-bora, another chief, abandoned his brother; Fundi, another Manyoma chief, left one of his wives and a little boy. We left 26 feeble, sick wretches already past all hope, unless food could be brought to them within 24 hours. In a cheery tone. though my heart was never heavier, I told the 43 hunger-bitten people that I was going back to bunt up the missing men probably I should meet them on the road, but if I did that they would be driven on the run with food to them. We travelled nine miles that afternoon, having passed several dead people on the road, and early on the eighth day of their absence from camp met them marching in an easy fashion, but when we were met the pace was altered to a quick step, so that in 26 hours from leaving Stawahin camp we were back with a cbeery abundance around, gruel and porridge boiling, bananas boiling, plantains roasting, and some meat simmering in pots for soup. This has been the nearest approach to absolute starvation in all my African experience. Twenty-one persona altogether succumbed in this dreadful camp. BAD NEWS FROM JEPHSON. We heard no news of the white men on Lake Albert from the plain people, by which my wonder and anxiety were increased, until on the 16tb, at a place called Gaviras, messengers from Kavalli came with a packet of letters, with one letter written on three several dates, with several days' interval between, from Mr Jephson, and two notes from Emin Pacha confirming the news in Mr Jepbson's letter. In this packet were letters from Mr Jephson, dated Duffile, November, 1888, in the course of which he said :— On August 18 a rebellion broke out here, and the Pacha and I were made prisoners. The Pacha is a complete prisoner, but I am allowed to go about the station, but my movements are watched. The rebellion has been got up by some half-dozen Egyptians. When the Pacha and I were on our way to Rejaf, two men, one an officer Abdul Vaal Effendi and then a clerk, went about and told the people that they had seen you, and that you were only an adventurer and had not come from Egypt, that the letters you had brought from the Khedive and Nubar Pasha wore forgeries, that it was untrue Khartoum bad fallen, and that the Pasha and you had made a plot to take them, their wives, and children out of the country, and band them over as slaves to the English, Such words in an ignorant and fanatical country like this acted like fire amongst the people, and the result was a general rebellion, and we were made prisoners. We are like rats in a trap they will neither let us act nor retire and I fear, unless you come very soon, you will be too late, and our fate will be like that of the rest of the garrisons of the Soudan. Had this rebellion not happened the Pasha could have kept the Madhists In check for some time, but as it is he is powerless to act." EMIN'S INTENTIONS. Mr Stanley gives copious extracts from Jeph- son's letters, and proceeds with hIS communica- tion as follows :—You will doubtless remember that I stated to you in one of my latest letters last year, 1888, that I know no more of the ulti- mate intentions of Emin Pacha than you at home know. He was at one time expressing himself as anxious to leave, at another time shaking his bead and dolorously exclaiming, "I can't leave my people." Finally, I departed from him in May, 1883, with something like a definite promise -"If my people leave, I leave. If my people stay, I stay." Here, theo, on January 16, 1889, I receive this batch of letters and two notes from the Padba himself confirming the above, but not a word from either Mr Jephson or the Pacha indicative of the Pacha's purpose. Did he still waver, or was he at last resolved? With any other man than the Pacha, or (Joruon, one would imagine that, being a prisoner and a fierce enemy hourly expected to give the coup mortal, he would gladly embrace the first chance to escape from a country given up by his Government. But there was no hint in these letters what course the Pacha would follow. BLUNT LETTER TO JEPHSON. i' I wrote a formal letter, which might be read by any person, the Pacha, Mr Jephson, or any of the rebels, and addressed it to Mr Jephson as re- quested, but on a separate sheet of paper I wrote a private postscript for Mr Jepbson's perusal Kavallis, Jan. 18, 1889, 3 p.m. U My dear Jephson,—I now send 30 riflea and three of Kavalhs's men down to the lake with my letters, with urgent instructions that a canoe should set off and the bearer be rewarded, I have read your letters half-a-dozen times over, but I fail to grasp the situation thoroughly. Don't be alarmed or uneasy on our account; nothing hostile can approach us within twelve miles with- .out my knowing it. I am in the thickest of a friendly population, and if I sound tha war Dote. within four hours I can have 2,000 warriors to assist to repel any force disposed to violence. Aud if it is to be a war of wits, why, then I am ready for the cunningest Arab alive. 1 wrote above that I read your letters half-a-dozen times, and my opinion of you varies with each reading. Sometimes I fancy you are half Mahdist, or I Arabist, and then Eminist I shall be wiser when I see you. Now don't you be perverse, but obey, and let my order to you be as a frontlet between the eyes, and all, with God's gracious help, win end I want to help the pasha I somehow, but be must also help me. and credit I me. I could save a dozen pashas if they were willing to be saved. I would go on my knees to implore the pasha to be sensible in his own case. He is wise enough in all things else, even his own interest. Ba kind and good to him for many virtues, but do not be drawn into the fatal 1 fascination Soudan territory seems to bave for all j Europeans of late years. As soon as they touch S its ground they seem to be drawn into a whirl- j pool which sucks them in and covers them with j its waves. The only way to avoid it is to obey j blindly, devotedly, and unquestionably all orders from the outside. J "Thei committee said, 'Relieve Eoam Pasha? with this ammunition. If he wishes to come out, | the ammunition will enable him to do so; if he I elects to stay, it will be of service to him.' The Khedive said the same thing, and added, But if the Pasha and his officers wish to stay they do so on their own responsibility,' Sir Evelyn Baring said the same thm ill ole.ir and decided words, and here I am, after 4,100 miles of travel, with the last instalment oi relief. Let him who ia authorised to take it, take it. Come, I am ready to lend him all my strength and wit to assist him. But this time there must be no hesitation, but positive yea or nay, aud home we go. Yours very sincerely, HENRT M. STANLET. "A. J, Mounteney Jephson, Esq." IRRITATION OF STANLEY. If yoU will bear in mind that on August 17th, 1888, after a march of 600 miles to hunt up the rear column, I met only a miserable remnant of it, wrecked by the irresolution of its officers, neglect of their promises, and indifference to their wntten orders, you will readily understand why, after another march of 700 miles, I was a little put out when I discovered that, instead of per- forming their protniso of conducting the garrison of Fort Bodo to the Npanza, Mr Jephson and Emin Pacha had allowed themselves to be made prisoners on about the very day they were expected by the garrison of Fort Bodo to reach them. It could not be pleasant reading to and that, instead of being able to relieve Emm Pacha, I was more than likely, by the tenour of these letters, to losa one of my own officers, and to add to the number of the Europeans in that unlucky Equatorial Pro- vince. However, a personal interview with Mr Jephson was uecessary, in the first place, to un- derstand fairly or fully the state of affairs. On February 6, 18o9, Mr Jephson arrived in the afternoon at our camp at Kavallis on the plateau. EMIN'S SENTIMENT. I was startled to hear Mr Jephson, in plain un- doubting words, say. Sentiment is tbe Pasha's worst enemy—no oue keeps Emin Pasha back but Emin Pasba himself." This is a summary of wtiat Mr Jephson had learned during nine moutbs-from May 25, 1888, to Feburary 6, 1889. I gathered sufficient from Mr Jephaon's voroal report to conclude that during nine months neitheir the Pasha, Signor Casati, nor any man in the province bad arrived nearer any other conclusion than that which was told Us ten months before—-thus The Pasha If my people go, I go. If they stay, I stay. Sieuor Casati: If the Governor goes, I go. If the Governor stays, I stay. Tiie Faithful: It the Pasha goes, we go. If the Pasha stays, we stay. On February I despatched a company to the steam ferry with orders to Mr Stair to hasten with his column to Kavalli, with a view to concen- trate the expedition ready for any contingency. Couriers were also despatched to the Pasha telling him of our movements and intentions, and asking him to point out bow we could best aid him- Whether it would be best for us to remain at Kavalli, or whether we should adrance into the province, and assist him at Mswa or Tunguru Island, where Mr Jephson had left him. I suggested the simplest plan for him would be to seize a steamer, and employ her in the transport of the refugees, who I beard were col- lected in numbers at Tunguru, to my old camp on the Nyanz i, or that, failing a steamer, ba should march overland from Tunguru to Mswa, and send a canoe to inform me he bad done so, and a few days after I could be at Mswa with 250 rifles to escort them to Kavalli. But the demand was for something positive—otherwise it would be ii y duty to destroy the amunition and march homeward. THE PASHA NEAR STANLEY'S CAMP. On Feb. 13 a native courier appeared in camp with a letter from Ennn Pasha, with news which electrified us. He was actually at anchor just below our plateau camp. I am bound, by the length of this letter, necessities of travel, and so forth, to halt. Our stay at Kufurro is ended, and wo must march te- morrow. A new page of this interesting period in our expedition will be fcund in my next letter. Meantime you have the satisfaction to know that Emin Pasha, after all, is close to our camp at the Lake shore that carriers have been sent to him to bring up his luggage, and assist bis people.—Yours faithfully, HENRY M. STANLEY. Wiliam Mackinnon. Esq., Chairman of Emin Pasha. Relief Committee.

SUICIDE OF A BANK MANAGER On Monday afternoon the remains of Arthur Wescomb, sub-manager of the Binning. and Counties Branch Bank at Bishopscastle, shot himself on Thursday afternoon lastt wee" laid in their last resting-place in Kuigbton tery. A large number of tradesmen and ot 1e1 gentlemen of the town met the cortege at Kide3 House. The deceased gentleman having ,reSl0f » in the town for a number ot years, aud being very genial disposition, he had gained a circle of friends, and as a last token of reTjT|)0 nearly all the shops were pattially closed, ana blinds of private houses drawn. A large nu»»^ of beautiful wreaths from friends were place bt the coffin. The funeral service was performe° the vicar, the Rev M. H. Reckotts.

SINGULAR ACTION AGAINST A VICAR. Ii- Lord Penzance'sat on Tuesday to hear tba^PP^ cation on bebalf of Mrs Swayne, wife of a to commit the Rev George Benson, vicar .0 oe of near Rochester, for contempt for fot the order of his Lordship suspending hUll ro" twelve months for refusing to administer tOj0(j » mot'jr the Sacrament because sbe atten 0f Wesleyan Chapel. Counsel for the Bjan Rochester now appeared, and asked ojabop case might be adjourned, because the 19 believed be would be able to effect a ir jyjjg settlement of the dispute. Counsel fOsaid Swayne opposed the adjournment, and ]arinff client had been subjected to even Ølore, churob insult in a sermon preached in respondent s or Mr by auother clergyman since the order w0T0ff Benson's suspension.—Lord Pen«ance, „ adjourned the case for a fortnight, ora sti0l(r monition to issue calling on Mr Annt# cause why he should not be pronouno«« 8 contempt.