The Cambrian

1 wmm (fJAWrnllil!AEr SWANSEA, FRIDAY, MARCH. 19. -{"r.> ■' GURNEY'S STEAM-CARRIAGE AT MERTHYR. To the Editor of The Cambrian. £ >IR> As I have reason to expect that a report will be sent you of the arrival of Mr. Gurney's Steam-carriage at my Father's Works at Hirwain and of the experiments made of its powers on a railroad there, I think it better to inform the public (now so much interested in the subject of steam conveyance) through your medium, the actual facts that have been witnessed in the experiments made, and under what circumstances. Mr. Gurney, at my most earnest request, while I was in London three weeks since, consented to bring one of his steam-carriages, which had been built and adapted for drawing coaches on turnpike-roads, to try her powers on our new railroad on Hirwain Common. I had considerable difficulty in persuading Mr. Gurney to accede to my wishes, principally on the score that he had pledged his exertion and attention to the exclusive point of turnpike-road steam conveyance, and had declined similar invi- tations to the one I so much pressed and upon the ground that his carnage being built solely for the turnpike-road, would not be as well adapted for railroads as though made and calculated intentionally for them. The Engine was brought from London to Cyfarthfa by a pair of horses, on the wheels used in its usual occupation of steam travelling in the neighbourhood of London, and was here fitted with cast-iron wheels, and otherwise adapted to the railroad, of which a small piece, similar to that at Hirwain, was laid down for the purpose. The Engine, with water and fuel, weighed 30 cwt., two-third parts of which weight are calculated to press upon the hind wheels, which are alone attached to the Engine. The only experiment capable of being made here, was that of starting a dead weight on a single carriage, on a very short piece of road. Twenty-three tons of iron, cast in long square pigs purposely, were placed on one carriage weighing 25 cwt., which was all that could, without danger of falling, be placed upon it, and the Engine attached. The steam being gendy thrown on, the Engine moved forward with the load to the extent of the range admitted. This experiment was repeated until the load was drawn too far, and the weight broke the rails next adjoining those which were alone strong enough to support it. The cast-iron wheels both under the Engine and the load, were in this instance new, and the surface of the rail (also cast iron) nearly so, though as smooth as it could be rendered by cleaning off the sand. Mr. Gurney then proposed to run the Engine alone, upon the same rail- road wheels, up the common road to my residence, which he did, and the ascent in this road, which is a perfect inclined plane, is 3! inches in a yard, and at the termination (in the entrance of the stable-yard) are' 16 feet in length on a rise of 2 feet in the 16, covered with fresh broken limestone. The Engine propelled the carriage with perfect facility up this elevation, and repeatedly turned and cut the figure of 8, in a pitched yard of 76 feet long by 48 feet wide, never upon any occasion using more than two-thirds of this room for such turning. On the following day, the Engine was sent to Hirwain, and placed upon the railroad, which is a dead level of 3 miles in length, and in the pre- sence of many Gentlemen and Engineers, was pronounced to be ready for starting as soon as the steam was up. Tons. Cwt. QI". A load consisting of pig-iron, weighing exactly 10 0 0 Upon 5 carriages, weighing 16 cwt. each 4 2 2 One ditto, fitted with seats, &c 0 19 0 Upwards of 100 persons, say 100 only, at 1201b. each 5 7 0 Making together, Tons 20 8 2 was attached to the Engine. I requested Mr. Gurney to permit me to lay and light the fire, as he had informed me his boiler was capable of getting up steam in 10 minutes. I laid the fire myself, and from the moment I applied the light, four minutes and 50 seconds only had elapsed ere the steam was up: many Gentlemen and Engineers timed and witnessed this fact. The Engine started with the load attached, weighing, as I before enu- merated, 20 tons 8 cwt. 2 qrs., (and at this time, there was an addition of many other persons, to the extent of 47), and drew the whole without stopping, the full distance of the road, say 3 miles in 39 minutes, blowing away spare steam the whole way. After turning the Engine (which had not then a reversing motion), it returned with the same load to the place whence it started, in 32 minutes. The subsequent days have been devoted to various private experiments and trials, all of which have most satisfactorily proved the extreme capa- bility of the power of raising steam by Mr. Gurney's boiler; and yester- day I again invited several Gentlemen to witness a further experiment of the Engine upon wheels with wrought iron rings. The result was, that the Engine drew a load of 21-k tons upon the same 3 miles in 19 minutes, and returned in 18 minutes; and after this, the Engine itself was loaded with 10 cwt. of pig-iron, making its own weight 40 cwt., and attached to a load of 33 tons 18 cwt., which she drew at the rate of about 2! miles to 2 per hour; and in this, as in every experiment performed, steam was during the whole working time, blowing waste. The wheels were quite new, never having before been used, and consequently giving an advantage in adhesion to the Engine, which pro- bably will not be found when the rings of the wheels have assumed a smoother surface. In the trials upon cast iron wheels, the wheels had been more worn, and were comparatively smooth. Having faithfully detailed the principal experiments performed up to yesterday, I shall only call the attention of your readers to the following points In all the cases named, Mr. Gurney's Engine has drawn from 15 times to 16.} times her own weight, upon a level road, and has pro- duced more than sufficient steam for the purpose. That the surfaces of the wheels have been in the first experiments of cast iron, and in the latter of wrought iron; and that in all cases the rails of the road were of cast iron, and have been laid down and in constant work only within the last twelve months, and are consequently at this time in a more favour- able state for the performance of a Loco-motive Engine, than they pro- bably will be when more worn and polished. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Cyfarthfa Iron Works, WILLIAM CBAWSHAY, Jun. t8th March, 1830. C. H. Smith. Eqq of Gwernltwynwiih, the Rev. Cal- vert R. Jones, C >1. Jones, of Veranda, and Capt. Warde, R N. are included in the new Commision of the Peace for the county of Glamorgan. Most of the London Papers having misrepresented whnt Sir C Cole said on the Welsh Judicature subject, when it was brought before the House by the Attorney-General, in jus- tice, to the Hon. Member, we are requested to give the following correct report No person respects the feelings of those who were favourable to the Welsh Judicature more than I do, but I am of the same opinion with the magistrates and gentlemen of the county, who are nearly unanimous in opinion that the Judicature ought to be abolished." A Petition from the inhabitants of Swansea against it Bill brought into Parliament by the Proprielor sof the Swan- sea Gas Company, has been for the last week in a course of sig- nature and, we have been informed, since transmitted to Lon- don for presentation.-Similar petitions have, we hear, been forwarded from the Corporation of Swansea, and from the Com- missioners acting under the Swansea Paving and Lighting Act. The following Petitions have been presented this week in the House of Commons by Sir Christopher C«le, and have been sent us for insertion by a Gentleman from whom we 'can depend upon having literal copies. That of the \VOl: iIJen of the Cyfarthfa Iron Works was sanctioned by their Employer, and would have been signed fnr more numerously had it been more than one day on signature, or had it been admitted to be signed by the Workmen of the adjoining Works lo the Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom, in Parliament assembled. THE HUMBLE PETITION 01' THE UNDERSIGNED, IRON-MASTERS IN THE PARISH OF MJSRTHYR-TIDVIL. Sheweth,—That your Petitioners are Iron-Masters in the parish of Merthyr-Tidvil, employing between seven and eight thousand effective workmen. That the depression of the Iron Trade is such, that even at the present low and distressing rate of wages paid to the workmen, your Petitioners cannot obtain such prices for their produce as will amount to the cost of the.) actual labour employed in its manufacture, independently of rent, royalties, interest upon capital, bad debts, and other incidental charges. That your Petitioners have hitherto paid their workmen in money, and are desirous of continuing to do so, as well from their inclination to comply with the Laws of the Realm, as to give their labourers the free option of taking their reduced earnings to the best markets offered for its exchange into the necessary articles of life. That the system of paying workmen in goods and merchandize, is now established at many Iron Works in this and the adjoining county, by which the laws are wholly evaded, and a very considerable advantage and profit is gained by those Iron-Masters over us who pay our men in money. That at the present extreme depression of our Trade, such advantages, gained by an evasion of the laws, which we are unwilling to practice, are highly injurious to us, and render impossible a fair competition with our neighbours. Your Petitioners therefore pray, that your Honourable House will not repeal the Laws now existing against the payment of Workmen's Wages in goods but, on the contrary, that yoar Honourable House will take such additional means, as in its wisdom shall seem fit, to enforce those Laws, and prevent that evasion of them which is so disadvantageous to your Petitioners, and others who obey them. And your Petitioners will ever pray, &c. (Signed by) WILLIAM CRAWSHAY, Cyfarthfa Iron Works, ANTHONY HILL, Plymouth Iron Works, lo the Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom, in Parliament assembled. THE HUMBLE PETITION OF THE UNDERSIGNED, WORKMEN IN THE PARISH OF MERTHYR-TIDVIL, Sheweth,—That your Petitioners are humble and very hard-working men, employed in the various branches of the Coal Works and Iron Mines, and in the manufacture of Iron, in the parish of Merthyr-Tidvil. That the greater number of your Petitioners are doomed to work under ground during the whole of the day, exposed to the dangers of mining, which many of your Honourable House can so well appreciate, and which are necessarily incidental in mines and collieries. That others are exposed in the furnaces, refineries, forges, and mills of the Iron Works, to a most excessive temperature of heat, and an ex- hausting labour. That your Petitioners have been lowered in the rate of their wages, in consequence of the depressed state of the Iron Trade, by various re- ductions, until the earnings they can, by their utmost exertions make, will scarcely procure sufficient food and raiment, of the cheapest quality, t° support themselves and families. That your Petitioners have, as they are in duty bound, submitted to this very reduced rate of payment and severe depression without a murmur, as is well known to some of your Honourable Members, and they now earnestly, though most humbly and respectfully approach your Honourable House, to petition that your Petitioners may be protected from an aggravation of the evil of low wages with which they are so severely a.fflicted,-by being made to receive their hard-earned pittance in goods and merchandize, at shops openly and avowedly kept by those who employ tllelll-a system which is now recommenced in this and the adjoining parishes and county, and that it is an evil dreaded by your 1 etitioners as too certain to become general, if not prevented by the influence of your Honourable House. ff ?t,y°nr Petitioners have been amply satisfied with the opportunities afforded them for the advantageous outlay of their earnings, when paid in money, by the public markets and the competition of very numerous and respectable shopkeepers: but if compelled to receive those earnings in goods from their masters' shops, they have only to expect an arbitrary standard of prices, and a quality of goods, against which they can have no appeal, but with the certain consequence of loss of employment; for your Petitioners cannot but feel, that should the system of payment in goods become general, one master will so far side with another, as not to employ men discharged from other works for complaints of grievances which exist equally in his own. That your Petitioners, as free-born Britons, feel that when a labourer has earned by the sweat of his brow ever so little, lie is entitled by the laws of his country to receive that little in money, and to exercise that freedom in its disposal, which is alone denied to the slave, to whom it is feared by your humble Petitioners that their condition will be too nearly assimilated, by being fed and clothed instead of paid in money for their labour, if not further protected by your Honourable House. That your Petitioners, therefore, relying upon this protection, pray that your Houourable House will make more effective those laws which com- pel the payment of a labourer's hire im money, and prevent those evasions which are now openly practised, and which threaten to become general. And your Petitioners will ever pray. [Signed by upwards of 2000 of the Workmen of Win. Crawshay, Esq. of the Cyfarthfa Iron Works.] There is a bill now before Parliament, to make pro- vision for the lighting, watching, cleansing, and paving of pa- rishes in England and Wales," in which it is made an offence in any person" to fly any kite, drive any hoop. or play at foot- ball," or any game or games, to the annoyance of any passenger or traveller."—The Standard, March 15, 1830. An inquisition was taken on Monday last (by ad. journment from the previous Saturday), before C. Collins, Esq. Coroner, on view of the body of Henry Henrys, which on Saturday morning last was found lying dead in the hay-lolt of a stable, in Rutliind-place, in this towii.—It appeared in evi- dence, that (he deceased was a discharged soldier fiom his Majesty's 16th regiment of Lancers, and that he had lately been in the service of Major Penrice, of Kilvrough Ho:"e, but quilted his employ on the 1st of March instant, since which he had been lodging in Swansea;—lhat he quitted his lodgings on Sunday morning, the?th inst. having paid for them the evening before, and said (hat lie was going to Clydach, to look for | work that he was seen drinking at several public-houses during that day, and the last time he was seen alive was about eij;ht o'clock on that evening. It also appeared that about dark on the same evening, the deceased borrowed a small jug of a Mrs. Rotheroe, and stated to her that he was going to take physic. but he did not want them to know it at his lodgings. This ju I was iound by the body empty, with a whitish sediment at the bottom of it, which led to the suspicion that the deceased had taken poison, and the Coroner therefore gave directions that the body should be opened. This was done during the ad- journment of the inquest, by Mr. Terry and Mr. T. 13. Powell, who gave their report, that on the application of the usual che- mical re-agents to the contents of the stomach and the jug found near the body, they did not give the slightest indicrdioll of the presence of any poisonous substance, and that from the appear- ances of the brain, it was their opinion that the deceased died of Apoplexy. Jury. under the direction of the Coroner, relumed a verdict accordingly. A further sum of 80001, has been granted to defray the expenditure to bo incurred in 1830, in erecting and com- pleting the Pier at Hobb's Point for the Post Office steam- packets, towards which there WtlS graIlted in 1828, 70001.- Remains to be granted to defray the whole of the estimated expense, 7,1931.rhe Works are executed under the direction! of the Board of Ordnaiiee.-A sum of 3,5701. has been also granted, included in Ordnance Estimates, for the erection of batteries at the Pembroke Dock Yard, by the Ordnance Board —-4M001. has been the estimated expense of erecting a Chapel of Eilsp. within the Dock Yurd. W()Ul. of which are included in the estimated grants for 1830. CHEAP TRAvr.LLING.One of the witnesses sub- poened on the trial of the Caldecott Castle, to Newcastle upon- Tyne, returned from thence by way of Liverpool, where the Lee steam-vessel was just about starling, and landed at Miiford, the whole of his expenses not amounting to two pounds. Messrs. Bromage, SnearJ, and Co. has been elected treasurers to the Chepstow Savings Bank, in the room of James Proctor, Esq. resigned. RADNORSHTRE COUNTY MEETTNG.On Tuesday last a Meeting of the Freeholders of Radnorshire took place in the Town-Hall, Presleign-tile High Sheriff in the Chair-for the purpose of ^considering the propriety of petitioning Parliament on the subject of (he projected alteration in the Judicature of the Priucipaliiy. Tho meeting was ably addressed by Sir Harford Jones Brydges, Bart. on the advantages of the present system of the administration of justice in the Principality, and on the disadvantages and inconveniencies likely to arise from the contemplated changes. He concluded by a peti- tion to both Houses of Parliament, in which it was represented that the abolition of ifie Court of Great Sessions, and the re- moval of the administration of the civil and criminal justice of the county to Hereford, would-be a great and serious misfortune, since the obtainment of justice to the inhabitants would be ren- dered less easy, less expeditious, and more expensive than at present, and respectfully submitting, t|)at t|ie Principality would be much benefitted by the old judicial constiiuiion being continued, with such improvements a> may seem necessary, re- spectfully observing, tuat Judges of Circuits US in England, Judges forbidden to act as Barristers in other Courts, and ex- cluded from sitting in 1 arliament, an Judges appointed with a more liberal salary, and a proper retiring pension alter a certain period, would not only essentially improve the present Courts of Great Sessions, bnl are also_essentia!ly necessary to the full L'J PEJ'ECT administration of justice within the Principality,— Edward Jenkins, Esq M./J. rose, and proposed that the petition read by Sir. Harford Jones Brydges should be adopted by the meetirn:; wt, icil was, by the Hev, John Jenkills,-E. Lj. Jam^s, Lsq., at considerable letigihf ahJy observed on the advantages to the Principality of (he present svstem of judica- ture, and the policy of retaining it.—The Reo Dr. Venables next addressed the meeting in an eloquent speech, and proposed, as an amendment, a petition which prayed that the assizes should, be retilllled at Pres'.eign, and the writ of concessit solvere.—The petition wtt8 read to tl.c meeting a„d ably seconded by John Wnittaker, Esq.—Sir II. J Bridges replied i„ the arguments of both gentlemen, and the ShenfF then took the sense of the meet, Ing on tile first petition, proposed by Sir Harford, when only two hands in the room were held up against it and it was de- clared to be curried almost unanimously. We understand the Bristol steamer has been pre-1 vented from making her itsuit passage this week, in consequi nee of (lie lowness of the (ides not fleeting her from the berth all Cumberland Basin, Bristol, where she commonly lies. The Pembrokeshire Foxhounds meet on Monday next at Wiston Wood, on Wednesday at Ramswoud, and on Friday at Trecoon, at ten o'clock each morning. On Monday last, Thos. Ahems was committed to the County Gaol of Carmarthen, by Wm. Chambers, Esq., charged with having stolen a silver watch, the property of Richard [nomas, of Llanelly. The prisoner is suspected oi having been concerned in other robberies, as there were found concealed on his person when taken, a plain silver teaspoon, and part of a table-spoon, marked J. A. S. also two women's lice ciaps, triinriied witi, pink ribbon. These arlicles are now m the possessIo II of Mr. Burnhiij, Governor of the Gaol. PENITENT THIEVES,-A bou t seven weeks since, James Price, of Usk, shoemaker, returning from Poniypool, between five and six in the evening, was knocked down by two men and robbed of two watches and his hat. Nothing, hoivever, trnns- pired, till Saturday se'nnight, when a basket was brought by the Bristol coach, directed to" James Price, shoemaker, Usk." On opening it, poor Price was delighted with the sight of his old hat and watches. In the basket was a letter, extremely well exe- cuted, iii inlitatioij oi'pi-iiititig ific f'olioviiig is a copy ;If lie unhappy men by whom you were robbed of your fiat and watches, on the Usk road, a few weeks ago, are now sincerely penitent for that offence against the laws of God and their coun- try. In now making restitution of your property they express a hope that you will drop all enquiries as to their identity, as- sunng you, that distress and the instigation of the Devil led to the commission of a crime, which, in their better reason, they abhor. They implore your forgiveness." DREADFUL OCCURRENCE -On Tuesday se'nnight, a woman named Carter, residing at Upper Alstone, near Chelten- ham, left home for a short time, and locked three of her children in the house. Two of them took the youngest, a child under two years of age, and laid it on some shavings in one corner of the loom; they then set the shavings on fire, and the poor innocent was so dreadfully burnt before it could be rescued from the flames, that it died on the following morning. FATAL ACCIDENT.-At)otit ten o'clock on the night of Wednesday se'nnight as Mr. Divid Morrice, master of the schooner Albion, of Illracombe, was going oil board his vessel (then lying in the pier) across a ladder, he fell over the side be- tween the vessel and the quay, and was killed on the spot. He has left a widow and ten children. IMPORTANT TO THE SHIPPING INTE-RE;a,At the Northumberland Assizes, on the 4th illt. a Special Jury Case (Isabella Skee v. Edw. Coxen) of great importance to the ship- ping interest was tried. Mr Coltman, Mr. Cresswell, and Mr. Alexander, were Counsel for the plaintiff, and Mr. Pollock (who came from London on a special retainer), Mr. Losh, Mr. Ingham, and Mr. Bainbridge, for the defendant. Mr. Coltman stated the case. This action was brought to recover a sum of money on a policy of insurance by the plaintitf, who is a member of two or three different societies, and had a vessel called the Caldecott Castle, stranded in the river at Milford, in Wales, on the 13th Sept. 1828, which was insured to the amount of 23001. From the Coal Assurance Association she claimed 12001., and it was against a number of individuals of that society that the present action was brought to compel payment oil the policy, after due notice of abandonment had been given. There were two questions for tLe jury, namely, whether the vessel was a partial or a total loss. If it was only a partial loss the plaintiff would have a right to have the ship repaired in a proper manner, but if a total loss, then they must bring in a verdict for the whole sum for which she was insured in the society, of which the defendant was a member. Thos. John Dawslmg examined by Mr. Creswell.-I was mate of the ship Caldecott Castle. We were coming up Miiford river, after having loaded a very heavy cargo of stone coal, in September, 1S28, with a very tine breeze atW.N.W., and a strong tide running at the time. Suddenly the breeze fell, and she went upon the rocks. A pilot was on board. She fell over upon her starboard side between two rocks, one of which was higher than the other, the midship lying between them, by which she was much twisted, the keel broken, and the" bolts all bent, the planks also Were started.-I thought she was a complete Wreck. P. Hicks examined by Mr. Alexander.—I was master of the ship. Two days after the wreck a survey was made. Particulars were sent to Messrs. Painter and Co. agents of the defendant at Milford, and a due notice of abandonment was given. The notice, directed to Mr. Adam, secretary of the club, was then read, as also his reply, stating that it could not be accepted under the 10th rule of the club. Mr. George Hawks examined by Mr. Coltitian.-I went down to Lawrenny, in Nov. 182S, on behalf of Mrs. Skee, for the purpose of making an estimate of the damage done to the Caldecott Castle; I did not theii think she could be advantageously repaired. A Mr. Raffle was sent by the underwriters to make an estimate along with me. Some slight at difference having existed between us, I proceeded to estimate the damage without him. I took with me George Hurlow, Thomas Bevans, George Phillips, and John Best; this was in December we estimated the damage at 1,6341. The ship was not at that time sufficiently open to allow its to see the whole of the damage. A subsequent estimate was made on the 21st Feb. 1829. James Bevans, Henry Trotter, Benjamin Skerlock, and myself, made this survey she was more open at this time than before. We estimated the damage at 2,15SI. I only speak to the hull, this esti- mate does not include stores. I never made any other survey.—[The two estimates were produced, signed by the above-mentioned gentlemen.]— Cross-examined by Air. Pollock.-I think no man would recommend repairs. The labour is generally reckoned at one-third the entire cost.- Re-examined by Mr. Coltman.—The estimates did not include the expense of bringing her ofif the rocks. The ceiling was off on both sides on the second examination, but not on the first. Mr. George Hurlow examined by Mr. Creswell.—I am a ship-builder at Pembroke. I assisted in examining the Caldecott Castle the first time, and took a general view of her. I said, "she ought to be con- demned and sold if she had been my own, I would have broken her up. I never surveyed her in company with Mr. Anderson. She was not repaired as she ought to be: there were several planks broken: she took nine tons on her larboard side to balance her. I saw her last Saturday week. In my judgment she is not sea-worthy.—Cross-examined by Mr. Pollock.—X remember John Bevans before I surveyed the vessel: I won't swear that I did not say to him, It is no use telling lies about her, she's worth repairing." I might have said it in November, but could not have said it after the 8th of December.—Re-examined by Mr. Creswell.— I never heard any body say she was worth repairing. Afr. James Bevans examined by Mr. Alexander.—I was a ship-wriglit at LSwrenny. I was called in to view the ship with Afr. Hawks and Mr. Hurlow. I assisted Mr. Black some time after in making another. I also assisted in making a third survey on the 21st of Feb. I could not see the whole of the damage either time.—Cross-examined by Mr. Pol- lock.-I was building a vessel for Mr. Hurlow when the ship was stranded. I know a little of Griffith Davis. I never said I hoped the Caldecott Castle would be condemned; but I might have said, if she was con- demned, I would purchase her. It would have saved expense for spars.- Re-examined by Mr. Alexander.-After the vessel was repaired, I made a calculation of what was wanting in the vessel. There should have been 28 tiinbers-tiiere were only 26. There were five first footliooks wanting. On the starboard side were four pointers deficient. The timber under the knee was left broken. The stern-post and the lower part of the stern remained broken. Two whole beams were wanting. The transum knee is replaced by an old crutch. The ship altogether was not in a sea-worthy state.—Cross-examined by Mr. Pollock.-f went to the ship four times. It was when I went the third time that I estimated the deficiency in her repairs. I was paid 30s. per ton for labour in doing Hurlow's ship, which would amount to 4001. The whole expense, except for sails and rigging, would amount to 91. per ton. It was built partly of Lawrenny wood. 11fr. George Phillies examined by Mr. Coltman.—I am owner of part of three ships. I saw the Caldecott Castle on the rocks. I did not think she was worth repairing. I saw the vessel got off the rocks, and into Mr. Canton's docks. From ten to twelve tons of limestone were required to keep her straight. I thought the ship would require near 20001. to repair her.—Cross-examined by Mr. Ingliaiii.-I know Mr. Roberts and Mr. Field: they are master-builders. Mr. John Canton is also a master- builder. Putting an additional weight on one side is the usual way to bring her to her proper shape. Messrs. John Jietts, Richard Anderson, Robert Blake, William Henry Trotter, John Black, of North Shields, Peter Edwards, of Pem- broke Dock, John Cock, shipwright, and a Mr. Harding, commander of the revenue cutter of Miiford, all gave their opinion that the ship was not worth repairing. One of them observed that he believed the ship would founder before reaching the Land's End, if she went out of Milford. Here the case for the plaintitf ended. Mr. Pollock, on the part of the defendant, spoke at great length. He said, the Jury would have the painful duty of deciding between evi- dence the most contradictory he had ever known. But, perhaps, they would find some clue to a decision in the conduct of the parties them- selves. On the part of the plaintitf great reluctance had been shewn to have the case fairly gone into; whereas, on the part of the defendant, the utmost candonr and ingenuousness had been displayed. It was (lie interest of the defendant to repair the vessel as she ought to be re- paired, and they were willing to satisfy everyone that she was so, by bringing the vessel out of the harbour, and sailing her round the coast of Newcastle. If they believed this, the defendant had done all that he could properly be called on to II", and he was entitled to their verdict. Mr. George liajfie, examined by Mr. Losh.—I am a ship-builder and surveyor at North Shields: I have been 46 years in the trade. I was sent to Lawrenny by the underwriters to raise the ship Caldecott Castle. We succeeded in lifting her and getting her upon Mr. Canton's ways. Mr. Hawks saw me and asked me about getting a third person. I told him I did not care who he was if he was a respectable man. I named three persons, ship-buitders; with none of them I had any intimacy. He said, we need not go so far from home, and named Mr. Bevans. I was hurt at some observations which he made, so we parted. I made the survey on the 28th Nov., 1828, with Mr. Canton, Mr. Roberts, and Field, the three gentlemen I had named to Mr. Hawks. We estimated the damage at 74U. according to Mr. Cantons's prices, which takes in the hull only. The vessel was worth repairing: 1 would have repaired her for that money. [Mr. Hawks's estimate was then handed to the wit- ness, and he was desired to look at the prices.]—Mr. Canton's prices are a great deal below these. [Witness then enumerated the several prices in Mr. H.'s estimate and the prices for the same articles as charged by Mr. Canton.] I think his estimate is not overrated, had the prices been correct. The vessel was extravagantly repaired under the direction of Mr. Waters.—She is sea-worthy.-Cross examined by Mr. Coltman. Mr. Canton did the repairs under the direction of Mr. Waters. Mr. Canton was one of the referees. Waters and I slept in the same room together. Mr. Canton's bill is 1,0ti41.: including small bills, as smiths', joiners', &c. the expense amounted to 1,2811.33i1. for lifting the vessel off the rocks, 4(11. for putting her oil the blocks, and 101. to briug her back to her original shape. Richard Field, examined by Mr. Ingham.—I am a master ship. builder, at Miltord, and have had a good deal of practice in surveying ships. If the Caldecott Castle had been mine I should have repaired her. I was on board several times while the repairs were going on as after they were completed. It there had been any timbers wanting I must have observed it. I paid particular attention, but could see no- thing bad or broken after the repairs were finished. Cross examined by Mr. Cresswell.—She has been afloat ever since she was repaired. The repairs began in August, 18:!8, and were finished in Nov. in the same year. I would have given 3001. for her for breaking up. She is now worth about 1,2001. without the rigging. We made a second sur- vey on the 3d of March, and made the damage amount to 8781. Hr. William, Roberts, examined by Mr. Bainbridge.—I have been a ship builder at Milford 25 years. I was present at the first survey in Nov. 28th, with Mr. Field, Mr. Canton, and Mr. Raffle. I went on board after she was repaired, on the 2d of Nov.-I saw nothing want- ing; if there had been I should have observed it. She was quite dry at that time. I think she was well repaired. Cross-examined by Mr. Alexander.—We commenced the survey about 10 o'clock at night, and continued If or 2 hours by candle-light. Alexander Dory, examined by Mr. Pollock.—I have been 40 years a ship-builder at Newcastle, and am surveyor of the New Institution at Lloyd's. I first saw the Caldecott Castle in Feb. 1829, when she was on the blocks at Lawrenuy for repairs. I estimated the damage at 8S41. About five years ago she was repaired at Shields. I was about three hours in making the survey. I would have repaired her if she had been mine. I thiuk she would be worth 5001. before her repair. JHr. John Canton, ship-builder John Bevans, Mr. T. Canton's fore- man; "r. T17m. Waters and Mr. Alexander Raines, ship-wrights: Griffith Davis and George Cram, workmen; Peter illorris, sail rigger; Mr. John Hardinge, harbour-master, and a Mr. G. Potts, secretary to a nautical institution, deposed principally to the above facts, that the vessel was worth repairing, and that she was properly repaired. Mr. Coltman addressed the Jury on the part of the'plaintiff. Mr. Justice Park summoned up at great length, and observed to the Jury among other things, that a total loss in point of law was not a total loss in a literal sense. When (he damage amounts to Gil per cent, on the value of the ship it is a total loss, but when it only amounted to 45 per cent, it was all average loss: a total loss allowed the owner to abandon the property. This was the question for the Jury, but he must observe that the mimberof witnesses was no criteriou to Judge by. 45 per cent. it was all average loss: a total loss allowed the owner to abandon the property. This was the question for the Jury, but he must observe that the mimberof witnesses was no criteriou to Judge by. Verdict for the plaintiff, a total loss. ¡ A London paller says- We are credibly informed that there is a parish in Gloucestershire where the iarrus are let upon condition of ;he landlords paying the po<»r ra?e, and the latter at this time exceeds the rent by nearly ten shillings an acre!" J h