The Pembrokeshire Herald and General Advertiser

UNDERGROUND RAILWAYS. While we are discussing the question of street tramways, it may be as well to look a little ahead. New York is just engaged in a novel experiment, which, if successful, may cause ns to modify some of our opinions on the subject of locomotion. A fair start has been made in cutting, or rather boring, a pneumatic tunnel under Broadway. At present only about sixty yards of the work has been completed," but this has been deemed enough by the promoters to justify a public inspection of theyr undertaking. The tunnel way is described i.\ the New York papers at some length. We gather that the bore is eight feet in diameter, arched all the way round, with bricks painted white. It is 21 feet below the surface of Broadway, and "there- fore below all pipes and sewers," and air is pumped in and out of the tube by machinery. With the ex- ception of an unavoidable curve from what we should call the booking-office at starting, the tube is per- fectly straight. On the bottom is a track about four feet wide. The car which runs upon it ia spoken of as about half as large as a street car, cushioned, lighted, ventilated, and elegant in all its appoint- ments." The work of boring is performed by a huge iron cylinder, sharp at the end, and driven through the earth by hydraulic pressure. The chief promoter ia Mr. Beach, the constructing company is termed the Beach Pneumatic Transit Company, and it is claimed that can can run at the rate of one mila a minute with perfect safety by the pneu- matio process."

0\VING TO CAMBRIDGE having elected to p'sy Mr. Richardson (who has taken his degree aud finished) in the single inter University billiard mat-;h, Oxford will seek the services of ifr. W. W. Rodger, of Exeter College, who has on several oe 'a-ions borne the dark blue to victory both in the single and double matches. ADVERTISEMENT. BROWN and POLSON were the first to adopt the name Corn Flour, and they are greatly interested in maintaining its reputation, which is liable to bo dis- credited by tho unwarrantable appropriation of the name to articles of a different character. The Public, it is hoped, will discriminate between cheap, inferior qualities bearing a false name, and BROWN & POLSON'S CORN FLOUR, which is prepared solely from Maize—Indian Corn.

PASSING EVENTS. A CONTEMPORARY lamenta the early period of the Session at which it ha3 been found necessary to com- mence the morning sittings in Parliament. Morning sittings are, acooriing to this journal, concessions to weak brethren." The men," continues our con- temporary, "to whom adjourned debates were nn. known, when the House finished a subject at a sitting, and supped at Watier's afterwards, wero of a more heroic mould Y1.a.n our present M.P.'a. They found midnight the supreme hour, when the brain was liveliest and the spirit most daring. No man will ever be of the first-class in politics (or any other pur- suit demanding a muscular intellect) who does not feel fall of vigour when our side of the planet is farthest from the sun." Now, the M.P.'s who supped at Watier's at 4.30 a.m. may havo been very heroic; but it is hard to seo in what way. Morning debates are far mora likely to be clear and concise than are those taking place after dinner Still, our legislators are ofttime3 occupied during the earlier portion of the day; but a sitting commencing at two p.m. would allow members to get to bed by twelve—a boon which would jhavo added many a year to the life of weary statesmen. EMIGRATION has now been going on apace for some time. Thousands of poor workmen and their families have been sent out of the country to retrieve their fortunes in the colonies, but still the price of labour descends. Those who last year could earn a sufficiency, could not now—even if they had work— contrive to keep body and soul together on the present rates of payment. A correspondent writes to a contemporary saying that at this period last year lOd. or Is. was paid for making slop trousers, and now it has decreased to 5d. Parasols, which last year would coat Is. to make, are now paid at the rato of 6d., and few earn more than 4s. per week by toiling fourteen hours a day. The making of boxes for lucifer matches was)ast year paid 6d. per gross, and a. family could do very well at it; now the price is 21d. per gross, which ia less than half the former price. Other trades are as bad or worse, and it is hard to say where and when the decrease will stop. Emigration cannot do everything; and if that fails, there will remain no refuge for the poor but the workhouse. AT last the authorities are beginning to be awara of the absurdity of making soldiers wear stocks. Indeed, the only wonder is how such abominations have existed so long, especially as Lord Pipeclay '» Cardigan ia no more. But stocks are now doomed. An order has been received at the Brompton Barracks to the effect that after the 16 th inst. stocks are not to be worn by the corps of the Royal Engineer. The men are said to greatly appreciate the new order. How long will it be before the other regiments follow this praiseworthy example ? THE Board of Trade returns of rail way casualties in 1869 is, at the same time, interesting and un- pleasant. According to the figures 321 persons were killed and 1,232 injured daring the year. Of those killed, 39 were passengers, 23 were killed at crossings, and 97 were trespassers on the lines on which they were run over. But we are told that tho deaths of only 17 passengers and 23 servants must be laid at the door of the companies. Some companies do not report the deaths of their servants, a3 being unworthy of record, and therefore we find that only 151 of this class were killed. As of these 151 only 22 were killed through the fault of the company, the verdict in the other case ia "serve them right." It wauld be an interesting addition to these statistics to know in how many cases the families of the injured and slaughtered servants have been pensioned,'and the amounts, &c. It is to be feared the disproportion would bQ something alarming. THE election at Bristol has resulted in the success of Mr. E. P. Robinson, the Liberal candidate. Ac- cording to the returns at nine a.m. on the polling day, Mr. Shafto Hare, the Conservative candi- date, led by 67 at ten, the majority was reduced to 28 at eleven, still further diminished to 13; while at twelve, Mr. Robinson contrived to secure a majority of 57; which he increased at the close of the poll to 765. The test ballot was employed in deciding the conflicting claims of tho rival Liberal candidates, and, without expressing a partiality for either party, it is unquestionable that the adoption of such a method equalises the contest, and gives the con- stituency a chance of being represented by Whig or Tory, as it may prefer. As a sequel to the trial of Prince Pierre Bonaparte it Tours, and his subsequent acquittal, it is rumoured that tho Emperor has requested the prince and his family to reside abroad for an unlimited period. At the same timo M. Jules Ferry has presented a bill in the Legislative Body proposing the abolition of the High Court of Justice. WHEN will the public learn that it is dangerous bo handle fire-arms ? No matter whether they are loaded or unloaded, people should leave them alone, unless they are required for legitimate sport. A most shocking instance of this carelessness took place recently at Blackburn. A boy, named Richard Raw- cliffe, having quarrelled with his cousins, seized a gun Standing in the corner of the room—as he supposed unloaded—and pretended to shoot them. He drew the trigger without a.ny result, and then laughingly pretended to ram home the charge. Having done this he looked down the barrel, when the gun ex- ploded, and the charge literally blew the lad's head off. This adds another to the long list of persons killed by playing with fire-arms. Surely it should be a warning. Sach dangerous weapons should always be placed in the gun-rack, and under no consideration should they bo allowed to remain loaded. THE following data have been published with regard to the increase of popalation in the most important Continental towns since 1832:—The population of Constantinople was, in 1832, 1,000,000 1869, 1,500,000; Paris, 890,000—1,950,000; St. Peters- burg, 480,000-667,000; Naples, 358,000—600,000 Vienna, 310,000 — 640,000; Moscow, 280,000 — 420,000; Berlin, 250,000—800,000; Lisbon, 240,000— 340,000; Amsterdam, 230,000—250,000; Madrid, 190,000—390,000. Thus the North German capital has, in the last forty years, more than overtaken St. Petersburg, Vienna, Naples, and Moscow. In 1861 the population of Berlin had already risen to 552,000; in 18G7 it wan found to be 702,000 and the policy reports show that it must at present be at least 800,000.

♦ The Pure Tea imported by Messrs. Horniman is recommended for Lasting strength, delicious flavour, g- real cheapness. 2s.4d., 2s.8d.,3s.,3s.4d.,&33.8d. per lb. A CORRESPONDENT WRITES:—It is rumoured that the report of the Commission on Irish Education is in the hands of the Government, but that for sulfi- cieat reasons there ia no intention at present to make it public. It is alleged that, with one excep- tion, the commissioners report in favour of the de- nominational scheme advocated by Cardinal Cullen. AN APPLICATION was recently made to the Master of the Rolls on behalf of Mr. J. L. Toole, the actor, to restrain Mr. Knowles, the manager of a Manchester theatre, from producing the play called Ultcle Dick's Darling. The play waa written by Mr. H. J. Byron, and waa sold to Mr. Toole for .£500, who was also to pa.y the author .£50 additional on the fiftieth night of performance, and a like sum en the hundredth night. Mr. Knowles claims the right to perform this play and certain others written by the same author, and he had advertised a series of performances. The Master of the Rolls granted an interim injunction. WHILE MUCH MISCONCEPTION has taken place on thoaubjectof AUSTRALIAN MEAT, through there being several kinds now before the puplio, we can say most positively that this misconception as to quality and cheapness cannot take place with regard to the COOKED MEAT IN TINS, sold by Messrs. W. J. Coleman and Co., 13, St. Mary-at-Hill, E.C. This meat, as stated by the Civil Service Gazette, is positively a delicacy; and when turned out from the tins and eaten cold it forms a capital breakfast meat. When eaten hot it should be borne in mind that the meat is thoroughly cooked already, consequently re-cooking should be avoided. With these hints we prophecy for Coleman's tinned meat a universal demand, it being half the price of butcher's meat. THE ENRAGED MUSICIAN.—(A Duologue).— Composer Did you stay late at Lady Tittup's ? Friend: Yes. Heard Miss Bang play again. I was delighted with her execution." Composer: Her execution That would have pleased me; she deserved it for having brutally murdered a piece of mine." [Exeunt].—Comic Paper. A MODEL MODEL.—(The artist is rather shy, and has left his model to do the honours of his studio.)—"From whom did Mr. M'Gilp paint that head?" "From yours obediently, madam. I sit for the 'eds of all 'is 'oly men." "He must find you a very useful person." "Yes, madam. I order his frames, stretch his canvasses, wash hia brushes, set his palette, and mix his colours. All he's got to do is just to shove 'em on! "—Punch. COLMAN'S BRITISH CORN-FLOUR prepared from rice, is not only a delicacy for the healthy, but also a most wholesome and useful food for invalids and children. J. & J. Colman have for a number of years been occupied in an endeavour to produce a Corn-Floar which should form a wholesome and delicious article of diet, pure in quality and delicate in flavour. After many experiments they havo arrived at the conclusion that no grain is so suitable for the manufacture of Corn-Flour as rioe. The flour of rice can be reduced to the finest powder it is free from all peculiarity of taste, and is pronounced by the highest medical authorities as a moat wholesome and easily digested food.

AMERICAN ITEMS. —♦— AT midnight on Sunday, March 13, a mixed jury of men and women rendered a verdict of man- slaughter in the first degree in the Cowie murder case, Wyoming Territory, after three or four days' incarceration. The ladies were very much fatigued. ) -ilmcrican Paper. THE American House of Representatives having adopted the bill admitting Texas into the Union, President Grant signed the bill, and issued a pro- clamation declaring tho Negro Suilrage Amendment ratified. CALIFORNIA is in great excitement over the recent discoveries of gold near San Diego, in the southern part of the State, and marvellous stories are told of the richness of the workings. It is stated that the fortunate discoverer of the new gold region was a German named Vickars, who found a gold-bearing ledge four feet wide, the quartz in which as far as has been penetrated is said to be worth 25,000 dols. a ton. In somo lots half tho rock brought cut i? said to be free geld. Of course, cveryono in the neighbourhood has abandoned his business and rushed to tho mines, where there is plenty of gold, but very little to eat. ST. PATRICK'S DAY was celebrated in all parts of America by the Irish population, but the most elaborate celebration was in New York. There was a procession in which 50,000 people took part, and the Mayor and City Counoilmen reviewed it. There wero banquets by the various Irish societies in the evening. THE Chinese immigration question still interests the South. From San Francisco we have intelligence that three vessels have been chartered at Shanghai to carry Chinamen to New Orleans. A Memphis paper announces that an English company, the Mer- chants' Trading Company of Liverpool, is going into the business of importing Asiatic labour into the United States, and has appointed an agent to reside at Vicksburg, Mississippi. This agent, a Colonel Gowan, says he can supply 100,000 Chinese labourers within 12 months if necessary, his company having nine steamers and 20 sailing vessels, with an aggre- gate tonnage of 5G,000, available for the trade. Tho Merchants' Trading Company has issued a circular stating the tarms upon which Chinese immigrant labour can bo secured, aU their rules being strictly in accordance with the treaties between tho United States and China. The price of each labourer, de- livered at Charleston, Savannah, Pensacola, Mobile, or New Orleans, is 250 gold dollars. A SERIES of prayer meetings have been in- augurated by a lady of fashion in a New York church, and are attended in demi-toilette." A YOUNG and pretty lady in New Orleans has undertaken a novel missionary work, which is likely to expose her to criticism, though she is evidently in earnest. She is visiting the concert saloons in that city for the purpose of reforming the habitues of those establishments. Her method is to sing a few hymna at each plaee, accompanying herself on the piano. PISTOL. SHOOTING is being broughtto perfection in America—so the Americans think—under the instruc- tion of the renowned pistol-shot Captain Travis, who has opened a school to teach the young idea how to shoot. A NATIONAL CONVENTION, attended by over three hundred delegates, has assembled in Pittsburgh, America. The object is to secure the passage of an amendment to the Constitution of the United States recognising a Supreme Being. SOME of the American papers are very loud on the subject of the running-down of the Oneida, and rave about the high-stalking of the Britisher, and his hatred of Hamer cans." Where do our American cousins get the notion that, to give an accurate idea of an Englishman, you must put an h before all the vowels he uses ? If this is the impression taken > back by those of them that visit England, all we can say is, they must have kept strange company over here We might as well declare the nigger's jargon as characteristic of the American. They fit us with the pronunciation of the "slavey," so why not typify their language by the lingo of the slave ? There can be no doubt that there ia a strang anti-English feel- ing among a large number of Americans, and it loses no opportunity of expressing itself. The greater the pity that the want of care and discipline on board an English ship should seem to give them just cause of complaint 1

WILLS AND BEQUESTS. The will of the Right Hon. Mark M'Donnell, Earl of Antrim, retired Captain, R.N., was proved in her Majesty's Court of Probate, on the 24th ult., by the Right Hon. Jane Hannah Emma, Countess of Antrim, the relict. The personalty in England was sworn under .£25,000. The will is dated the 28th of January, 1856, and a codicil the 2nd of November, 1867. His Lordship died at Glenarm Castle, Antrim, on the 19th of December last, aged 55. He appoints his nephew, Captain Robert Pechell, R.N., of Flam. atead Lodge, near Dunstable, and Mr. Edward Codrington William Grey, of Christ College, Oxford, his trustees, leaving to them to hold in trust all his baroniea, lordships, castles, mansions, and lands in the county of Antrim for his eldest son, the present earl, provision being made for his younger children by virtue of the power of a deed of appointment, and by reason of'the death oflhis mother and two elder brothers, by which he became entitled to the baronies. The will of Mr. Samuel Bailey, ef Norbury, Slief- fiold, was proved at Wakefield, under £120,000 personalty, the executors and trustees being James Henry Barker, manager of the Sheffield Bank, and William Fisher, partner in the house of Messrs. W. Fisher and sons, merchants, Sheffield. The will is dated October 1, I860, and the testator died January 18 iast, aged 78. He directs that his estates, real and personal, not otherwise disposed of, be sold. He leaves to each of his executors a legacy of .£300 for the trouble, in addition to all other bequests made to them. He leaves some house property and furniture to the widow of his late brother John. He leaves to each of the clerks in the Sheffield Banking Company a sum equal to one quarter's salary, and bequeaths .£100 to each of the children of his father's sisters, and legacies to his servants. He has left the follow- ing charitable bequests to institutions in Sheffield, viz.:—To the 'Sheffield General Infirmary, .£2,000 Sheffield Dispensary and Haspital, .£1,000; Sheffield Lancasterian Boys' School and Girls' School, each .£500 and to the Aged Female Friend Society, .£500 and bequeaths the residue of his property to the town trustees of Sheffield. In the will of the late Earl of Crawford and Bal- carres, given last week, it was incorrectly stated that the personalty in England was sworn under £7,000, the true figures being £ 70,000.—Illustrated London Naics.

LOSS OF THE GOLDEN OITY. The accounts of the loss of the steamship Golden City, which was wrecked at Cape Lazaro, on the coast of Lower California, whilst on a voyage from San Francisco to Panama, contain the recital of some incidents full of painful interest. The vessel, which was of 2,600 tons burthen, had on board at the time she started about 360 passengers, with treasure of the value of .£180,000, consigned to bankers in England, France, and New York. The steamer struck about seven o'clock in the morning, a dense fog prevailing at the time. There was great consternation among the crew and passen- gers, and the orders of the officers were for a time confused and contradictory. The first officer called out to "Man the life. boats," and in a few seconds he added, "The first man who touches them will be shot. The steerage passengers at once armed themselves with life-preservers, but those in the cabin and saloons were less excitable. After a while they commenced taking off tho people aa expeditiously as possible. The fog had by this time cleared away, and it was then seen that the steamer had run ashore on a sand. bank within 300 yards of the coast. Happily, there was no swell on, which enabled the boats to gain the shore with ease, and in a few hours all the passengers and crew wore safely landed. The coast is a barren waste of sand, with no habitation nearer than 40 miles distant. Efforts were then made to save the treasure, the value: of which was kept secret from the passengers, provisions being brought at the same time in the boats. By four o'clock in the afternoon the whole of the specie—800,000 dols.—was saved. The shipwrecked people suffered great privations for three nights and days, the want of fresh water being intensely felt. At length the Colorado hove in sight, and was soon off the wreck, which by that time had broken up in sections. The captain of the Colorado, seeing it was impossible to take off the shipwrecked people owing to the tremendous surf that swept that part of the coast, signalled his inten- tion of proceeding 25 miles down the coast to a sheltered bay where the passengers could embark in safety. To reach that spot, however, the unfortunate creatures, who numbered 400, had to pass over a rocky, sandy country, and suffered greatly. Some lost their way, and are supposed to have perished from exhaus- tion. At length the bay was reached, and most of the crew and passengers were conveyed on board the Colorado after a time in safety.

A THEOLOGICAL CRITIC. The case of the Rev. Mr. Gunn, parish minister at Alloa, is being discussed by the Stirling Presbytery, and we (Echo) gather from the Scotsman some of the evidence brought against him. Mr. Campbell Smith testified that Mr. Gunn's sermons "were very simple — a simplicity which he called pue. rility; a school-girlishness and utter silliness. There was not one touch of poetry in them; they had not one tincture of emotion, except perhaps a solitary sensation of shivering cowardice at the prospect of sudden death. There was no logic in them, except a matter of semblance. There was a semblance of arrangement, and other matters which were peculiar to logic, in them; but when closely analysed, there was not a consecutive or coherent thought in them. Mr. Gunn had collected a lot of old materials from various sources, and tumbled them into these sermons as if they had been tumbled out of a waste basket. The substance had been taken from other writers, and the function of Mr. Gunn was to make bold abstraota of better sermons, and to turn the thoughts of higher and better writers into mere ditch-water composi- tions." It is clear that the prophet ha3 no honour in hia own country. All guna cannot be great guns, and while the Scotch insist on long sermons they ought not to complain if some sermons are dull.

+ EIIOLLIT MOKES. — Siuddyspeck (a mere millionnairo in the Midland Counties): 'Fraid I shan't be able to give you a lady to take in to dinner, Young Brown Brown (not easily snubbed): "No, old Shoddyspeck, I suppose not, down here! IJnt any of these women will do for me! 'Mustn't be particular when one comes into the wilds, you know! -Punch.

A MASKED BALL. The Soir relates the following seeno" Few houses could display more gaiety and merriment than thr..t of M. Goupil on Wednesday night last. People began to laugh as they entered the doors, where stood an impassible police-officer. The cards of invi- tation were required to be exhibited, and M. Perrin, who took the agent for a real one, was getting angry, when he recognised under tho policeman's hat the features ot one of our most charming painters, M. Saintin. At eleven o'clock something better occurred the Emperor Napoleon I., in the midst of a numerous s'.arf, made his entry in the grey overcoat and the arms behind the back in tho traditional attitude. M. Vibert was admirable in his resemblance to the great man; it was the petit caporal' himself. By his side were Marshal Ney (de Taille), Prince Murat (Belle- cour), the Mameluke Rostan (Worms), and a superb Cambacere3. The company immediately withdrew at each side and left a passage clear, the drums beat to arms, and Napoleon, taking out of his pocket a multitude of crosses, decorated the bystanders right and left, and, when ho had no more left, he took off his own star and placed it solemnly on the breast of Gerome, the artist, magnificently attired as a Japanese. Siro,' said the latter, 41 have now only to die.' With laughter,' added some one near, and Napoleon passed on. But another group then advanced, and met the first. This was Napoleon III., his physiognomy, gait, moustache, &c, all imitated to tho life he was followed by hia faithful companions, and came on to salute his uncle. The two great men embraced and congratulated each other. Sire, you have Austerlitz.' 4 Nephew, you can claim Magenta.' 'You are father of the Code Napoleon!' 'Free trade is your well. beloved child Silence,' suddenly cried a gendarme, we have had folly enough, and now to serious business; the quadrille invites us,' and Charles Marshal dragged off the Napoleons, I. and III., Murat, General Fleury, and all the suite into a gallop, which was somewhat at variance with the etiquette of courts. One may imagine that a fete which began in this way was a success throughout the evening."

COMPULSORY EDUCATION. In the recent debates on education, many allusions were made to the States whoro school attendance was enforced by legal enactments. The countries cited (says a contemporary) were Switzerland, Saxony, Wurtemburg, and Prussia. No ono seemed to think it necessary to call in also the example of Norway, whero, in spito of many serious obstacles, the system now prevails. But compulsory education in that most orthodox country is shackled with compul- sory confirmation. All parents are obliged by law to educate their children from the ajo of seven or eight until they can get a school certificate, or are con- firmed. The school certificate may be obtained at the age of thirteen; the confirmation may take place at fourteen, and must take place before the child has completed his or her nineteenth year. Parents who neglect to send their children to the1 public free schools without bein;r able to show good cause, and who cannot prove that their children are receiving instruction elsewhere, are punished by a fine for each substantiated accusation, varying from twenty-four shillings (lid.) to five specie- dollars (Jil 2s. 61.) and in the case of parents who are living disorderly and vicious lives the children may be taken away. Parents who neglect to inscribe their children for confirmation are likewise fined; and children who arrive at the age of nineteen without being confirmed are put into the Houso of Correction, and there retained until duly prepared and confirmed. Confirmation is, however, dispensed with when 1h3 parents are Dissenters. A proposal, supported at numerous large meetings, to make confirmation voluntary in all cases, has not been adopted by the Government.

REVOLTING DISCLOSURES. Kirby Wilson Triffitt, of Sutton-bridge, appeared before the Long Sutton magistrates, en the summons of Maria Burridge, for forcibly attempting to enter her dwelling-house on the night of the 15th ult. He said ho only went on that night as ho had usually done before, but he was convicted, and- the fine and expenses amounted to 23s. Smarting under this infliction, he astonished the magistrates by the following horrible statement:—He said he had co- habited with Burridge for seven years, and that they had had three children, the whole of which had been Eecretiy buried. He said 'he buried one in his father's garden alive, and the woman handed it over the hedge to him, saying, "Take it, and T will marry you." That when he was putting it into tho ground it cried, whereupon he put his foot on it. Search has been made by the police in the garden named, and the bones of an infant found in the place indicated. The police are still actively engaged in digging for the other bodies, but at present nothing further has been discovered. The woman denies the man's statement, and says ho is actuated by jealousy, because she is about to be married to another man

THE TREATMENT OF LUNATICS. Mr. Robert Gardiner HilI, F.R.S., of London, has just issued an interesting book on Lunacy its Past and its Present." Mr. Hill shows the great change which has taken place of late years in the treatment of lunatics. It is not a generation since lunatics were chained to walls in dark cells, with a handful of straw for bedding. Thus chained, soma were gagged, outraged, and abused. The keepers entered their cells as if visiting the dens of wolves, with whip in hand to lash them into obedience. They were half drowned," continues Mr. Hill, "in baths of surprise, and in some cases semi-strangulation was resorted to as a means of necessity or the result of accident. The bath was so constructed that the patients, in passing over a trap door, fell in; some patients were chained in wells, and the water made to rise until it 'reached the patient's chin. One horrible contrivance was a rotatory chair, in which patients were made to sit, and were revolved at a frightful speed." Page upon page of horrors might bo described, but the following statement will suffice to sample the enor- mities of the treatment described:—" At Inverness, between the second and third arches of tho old bridge built in 1685, there is a dismal vault, used first as a gaol and afterwards as a madhouse, the air-hole or grating of which is still exhibited. This appalling place of durance, where the inmates were between the constant hoarse sound of the stream beneath, and the trampling of feet and the rattling of wheels overhead, existed so late as fifty-years ago, and is said not to havo been abandoned until its last miserable inmate, a maniac, had been devoured by rats."

THE WICKLOVi PEERAGE OABE. Judgment has been given by the House of Lords in the Wicklow peerage case. Their lordships unani- mously decided that Mr. Charles Francis Arnold Howard had made out his claim to the title of Earl of Wicklow, and that the infant petitioner put forward by Mrs. Ellen Howard had failed in establishing his claim to the earldom. This is an Irish peerage, created in 1793, and the new peer is the fifth earl. He is a son of the Hon. and Rav. Francis Howard, who was a younger brother of the late lord, and who died vicar of Swords in 1857. The present Earl of Wicklow waS born in 1839. The Times considers that one of the strange circum- stancs in the case is the pecuniary resources whioh seem to have been at Mrs. Howard's command. She first appeared in form/j, pauperis, and the House of Lords had to assign her counsel; but her case has been fought to the last by no less a champion than Sir John Coleridge. That such a plot should have been started, that such people as are concerned in it should have dreamt of its success, that they have actually succeeded in offering evidence which, as the Lord Chancellor said, would have obtained credence in the absence of strong disproof, and that the counter evidence should have been open to such plausible doubt constitute a chain of circumstances far stranger than any fiction. It is probably the very ignorance and hardihood of some of the actors which have rendered the case so troublesome. Persons a little more instructed would never have had the impudence to start it on such evidence. After all, as we have said, it is left in mystery. It is abundantly proved that Mrs. Howard's story is false, but the true story we shall probably never know. The Times hopes the real Earl of Wicklow has heard the last of the annoyance it haa occasioned him.

DEATH OF GENERAL GREY. General Hon. Charles Grey expired shortly before ten o'clock on the night of the 31st tilt., at his residence at SL. James's Palace. On Saturday morn- ing he was stricken by paralysis, and remained in an unconscious state until his death, totally without pain. Immediately after his death the mournful news was conveyed to her Majesty by telegraph. The lamented general was the second son of Charles, second Earl Grey, by the Hon. Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby, only daughter of Brabazon, first Lord Ponsonby. He was born 15th March, 1804. He married, 26th July, 1836, Caroline Eliza, eldest daughter of the late Sir Thomas Harvie Farquhar, Bart., who survives him, and by whom he leaves issue an only son, Albert Henry George, and several daughters; the eldest, Sybil Mary, is married to the Duke of St. Albans. He entered the army in 1820, and was in 1831 returned to the House of Commons for the borough of Wycombe, which he represented till 1837. He was appointed Equerry-in-Ordinary to her Majesty the Queen shortly after her accession, and in that capacity accompanied Prince Albert to England when ho came from Germany to be married to the Queen. In 1849, he succeeded Mr. G. E. Anson as treasurer and private secretary to the Prince Consort, an appointment he held up to the death of the latter. In 1866 he was appointed one of the joint keepers of the Queen's Privy Purse, and in May, 1867, to the confidential position of Private Secretary to her Majesty, which office he held up to his death. The late General Grey was the author of Life and Opinions of Charles, second Earl Grey," and had indited several of the works written by her Majesty for publication. He also supervised the Hon. Mrs. Grey's recent work—" A Narrative of the Prince SJMJ Princess of Wales' Tour in the East."

TO FARMERS.—"Fowler's (Leeds) Double Furrow Plough is the best, price J.:IO. Catalogues un application. FAIR AND FARE.—We will put two and two together with these paragraphs — Miss Lydia Thompson has horsewhipped the editor of the Chicago Times.—" Miss Lydia Thompson has been enter- taining the Cincinnati Common Council at supper." The deduction is plain: cowhide for critics, cowheel for councillors. "PASSING BY ON THE OTHER SIDE."—If the captain of one of Messrs. Guion's, of Liverpool, steamers, who refused to come to tho aid of the dis- abled Samaria, had known the name of the vessel which was signalling him, he would possibly have acted differently, with a view to earning the title of The Good Samaritan."

SENirm WRANGLERS. j In 17G1 wo havo tho first senior wrangler pro- claimed by the foot-notes to havo arrived at judicial honours. This was Wilson of Poterhouso, who became a judge of the Common Pleas. Two years later the great Paley is senior wrangler. In 1772 we find the double names (with a bracket, calculated to mislead) of Prettyman (Tomlins), both signifying a well-known Binhop of Winchester in his day. Soon wo have the excellent Milncr, President of Queen's, and afterwards Dean of Carlisle. In 1787 we havo LitMedale, tho famous jud,re, who, with Tenterden as chief, and Bailey and Holroyd as fellow puisnes, made what has been called "the golden era of the King's Bench." Copley, afterwards Lord Lyndhurst, cornea in as second wrangler in 1794, distanced by Butler, formerly a famous liead-mascer of Harrow. In 1709 Lord Chief Justice Tindal shows as a good wrangler and senior medalist, and next year Vice- Chancollor Shad well is a good wrangler and second medalist. The great lawyers are plentiful between 1806 and 1810. Sir Frederick Pollock, the Lord Chief Baron, is senior wrangler; Bickersteth, afterwards Lord Langdale, who refused the seals, the brother of the Rev. Edward Bickersteth, and uncle of the Bishop of Ripou, is also senior wrangler; and so are those distinguished judges Alderson and Maule. In 1812 Rolfe is the last of the wranglers, I or golden spoon, as it is sometimes called, but he gets his fellowship at Trinity,and becomes Lord Chancellor. The year bat one after, another eminent judge, the lato Sir Cress well Cresswell, was woodeu spoon," the last of the junior optiincs; tho silver spoon is the last of the senior optimes. Oilier eminent judges high among the wranglers were Alvanley, Ellen- borough, Lawrenoe, Lens, Parke, Kindorsley, Coltman, W. P. Wood, Cleasby, Blackburn. In 1824 the classical tripos is instituted, and hence- forth all double honours, besides the medals, are duly registered. Among the senior wranglers we naturally meet with menof world-wide scientific attainments, some of them mathematical professors in the University — Herschel, Ellis, Stokes, Cayley, Adams, Airey, Challis. The illustrious Whewell missed the senior's place and came out second. Seven senior wranglers have beepmo bishops, but bishops and great divines abound in the wranglers' list, and generally range high up. Canon Melvill, Mr. Birks" Bishop Goodwin, and Bishop Colenso were respectively second wranglers. Ono senior wrangler, a few years ago, was drowned Eoon after his attainment of the honour, on the very day on which he was to sit for a Trinity Fellowship. The senior wrangler of last year, Mr. Hartog, is a Jew, and a special grace was granted by the Senate to enable him to be admitted to his degree.

RECONSTR UCTION. A correspondent gives somo curious and interest- ing particulars of the result of the civil war and of the Reconstruction Act upon Georgia, U.S., where it appears the whole energy of the white population, particularly of the upper classes, is exerted in forcing the soil to produce such largo crops as will relieve them from the pecuniary embarrassments produced by their long troubles. While the whites are engaged in endeavouring to retrieve their losses, the blacks are, it would seem, rejoicing over their freedom, and, in their own way, working as hard as their quondam masters. The correspondent says that in Georgia the freedmen earn aa common la- bourers from a dollar to a dollar and a half per diem in the towns, and those who devote themselves to agricultural work get twenty to twenty-five dol- lars per month, inclusive of board and lodging. The most profitable occupation that the freedmen pursue is, however, that of mule or horse owners, by which, with a dray or wagon, they make very large profits, frequently enough to enablo thom to retire to a cottage of their own building, with pigs and every luxury. The negro was, however, for a long time after the peace a thorn in the side of the Georgian white, who could not make up his mind to live with him on a footing of equality, and it was necessary that a mild dose of coercion should be administered before the State legislature would consent to regard the election of coloured members aa valid. Even now the correspondent tells us tha railway carriages are divided according to the colour of their passen- gers, thc-ugh this last remnant of ascendancy is likely in future to take the inoffensive form of first and second class.

DIPLOMACY ABROAD. A series of reports recently made to the Foreign Office by her Majesty's representatives abroad, in answer to a circular despatch from the Secretary of State making inquiries relating to the organisation of the diplomatic service and the effect of changes made in the system in force in the establishments, supplies, among other matter, a comparison of the cost of living at the present time and 20 years ago. Beginning with Paris, we find Mr. West, of the embassy to that Court, re- porting that neither a diplomatist nor any other member of society can live now upon the income which suffioed in 1850. At that time the cost of living for a young man in the diplomatic service, not including such expenses as keeping a horse or a carriage, but with economical habits for a person in his social position, may be taken at .£330 a-year, but now at .£600. Mr. West observes that the gene- ral style of living among the society in which mem- bers of the diplomatic body are in the habit of mixing is undoubtedly very much more expensive now than it was in 1850. From Berlin Lord A. Loftus reports that on joining her Majesty's legation there in 1837, he was able, with care and economy, to live in a suitable manner upon his income of £300 a-year; but that income would be barely represented by £500 a year now. Luxury has taken the place ef simpli- city, and this is more especially the case as regards ladies' dress. Lord Bloom field reports an increase at Vienna of 70 or 80 per cent. in the last 20 years in the cost of living and Sir A. Buchanan sends a similar report from SI. Petersburg. Sir A. Paget writes from Florence that the general expense of liv- ing is almost treble what it was 20 years age. Mr. Burnley reports that at Dresden he could have lived at half hia present rate 10 or 15 years ago; "the requirements of society are much greater than they used to be." From Stuttgart Mr. Gordon writes that the requirements of society in every branch of luxury have increased, in the last ten yeara even, very considerably indeed, and most especially since the accession to the throne of the present king. Lord Bloomfield says that none of the junior members of hia embassy can maintain their position in Vienna society w ithout largely ex- ceeding their official salary; Sir A. Buchanan states that one of the steadiest young men employed at the embassy at St. Petersburg in late years found his expenditure .£900 a-year, and Mr. Odo Russell winds up with a suggestion that no one should enter the service without a private income of £ 1,000 a-year. Crossing the Atlantic, we find Mr. Thornton report- ing that at Washington the junior members of the mission are obliged to expend 3,205 dollars (about i6667) if bachelors, and above .£1,000 if with a wife and small family; these are the lowest rates, and do not include clothes or the hire of carriages, and, in fact, the gentlemen belonging to this mission spend a great deal more. Mr. Mathew states the cost of living at Rio de Janeiro to be more thau double what it was twenty years ago. A junior member of the legation cannot spend less than £600 to .£800 a- year. An old resident at Buenos Ayros assures Mr. Stuart that twenty years ago .81,000 a-year was a good income there, and would maintain a numeroua family, but that now a newly-married couple with .£1,000 a-year would have to study the very strictest economy, and perhaps retire altogether from society. Our representatives in China also have much to complain of. Ignorant of the language of their own servants they say they find the price of everything double to them; and tne market prices are of themselves high enough—bread 5c. or even 8c. per lb., mutton 25c. or even 40c. per lb., coals 12 dols. per ton. Much food is lost by getting tainted, especially as the Chinesehavenoscruplein sell- ing the flesh of animals that have died of any disease. Mutton has a most objectionable amount of bone to its meat, and in some places it is only sold by the quarter. The saying is that a man must buy a sheep to get a mutton-chop. Fowls are sold by weight, with sand shaken into the feathers. Thus, from all quarters we are assured that those who go abroad must "put money in their purse;" and the returns do not suggest much opportunity for re- trenchment, in the salaries at all events. Indeed, some quite exclude the idea, as when Mr. Oda Russell writes from Rome:—" Your lordship is pleased to ask me to explain my views as to the staff which I consider is absolutely required at my mission. I can only say, in answer, that I have been my own staff for 11 years, and that I cannot possibly do with less in future."

HONOUR TO THE BRAVE! On February 11th died Sergeant Thomason, an old Indian hero, who landed in India as a private in the 32nd Regiment of Foot, in the year 1846. He was present in the siege operationa before Mooltan, and took part in the storming of the city and the surrender of the fort. He also took part in the surrender of the fort and garrison of Cheniote, February 9, 1849. Under the command of Lord Gough he "was engaged in the battle of Goojerat, February 21. In 1851 he was made corporal, and in 1856 was promoted to the rank of sergeant. It was his lot to take part in the glorious defence of Lucknow, July 1st to November 22, 1857. For hia bravery and coolness he was selected to command an 18-pounder gun. He was also engaged in the battle of Cawnpore, December 6th, 1857; the capture of Fort Tirhout, July, 1858, and the action of Doudpore, October 20, 1858. He was wounded severely six times, and at the period of his death had a musket ball still in his body. For these services he received the Indian medal. On leaving the army he became a guard on the London, Chat- ham, and Dover Railway, and acted in that capacity up to the 3rd of February o! this year, when a train ran over his foot, rendering amputation necessary, under which he sank, leaving a widow and four chil- dren to mourn his loss. It is very hard that the widow of one so brave should suffer want, and feel the panga of penury, and we feel assured that many of our readers would be only too happy to assist her. With this view subscrip- tions will be gratefully received by Mr. Green, station- master, Wandsworth-road; at the offices of the Clap- ham Observer, Chip-rtreet, Clapham, and the Library, Upper Tooting; and by Mr. Inspector Harris, at Victoria Station.—Clapham Observer. ■

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NAMES AND NICKNAMES. Some years ago a little girl addressed to her mother the ingenious question—" Mamma, are Tories born wicked, or do they only become so ?" Perhaps the query may be held to havo thrown some light on the sort of way in which ti e child had heard the party antagonistic to that of its parents habitually spoken ot in the family circle. At all events, it is probable tiiat a curious side-light might bo thrown on history if we could trace the way in which names of parties are used, nearly always at first ItS terms of ridicule or reproach, but finally become adopted and borne with prido by those who have in- herited them. The now almost extinct poli- tical epecies which, in the memory of tho existing generation, pretty nearly divided England between them, the Whigs and the Tories-what were they originally both of them but nicknames of contempt ? Tae Whig, as wo are told, derived his title from a Celtic word, signifying "sour milk," or, as wo should rather surmise, fro n the Irish word for wat^r (Vf isjc). The Tory was an alias for rogue or rapparee, and to this hour little children in Ireland repeat a song celebrating the exploits of a certain John Me Gory, who Went to the woods and killed a Tory," apparently as a natural and laudable recreation, in which, wo are informed, ho was imitated by his brother, who also Went to the woods and killed another In those day a the name now cheerfully borne by men like Lord Salisbury or the late Lord Derby was simply a synonym for marauder," another word, by the way, which is itself derived from the achieve- ments in that particular line of an ancestor of the Pope's minister, Monsignor de Merode. Before the days of Whigs and Tories, the names of Puritan and Roundhead, with the ugly soubriquet of the latter Cromwellian Parliament, were all at first terms of mdicule, at last adopted, just aa Americans do not now object to bo called Copperheads and Know. nothings. Turning from the names of political parties, how amusing are the titles, sometimes temporarily, somo- times permanently, given to religious sects. How many of us who familiarly use it think that tho great namo of Protestantism," covering so much of Euiopo's ecclesiastical map, refers to nothing but tho protest" of the six princes of Germany in 1529 against the decree of the Diet of Spires ? As a general rule all names of sects are either con- temptuous references to some peculiarity of the body or else are derived from the name of their most prominent leader, ia which case also the im- pression at first is nearly always intended as scornful, though by degrees it ceases to be so felt or understood. Thus we have the Quakers," a word which was consideted to imply abundant ridicule, and which was readily dragged into facetious songs, such as the once famous— Merrily dansed tho Quaker's wife, And merrily danced the Quaker! This truly respectable body, so called, itself always claimed the names of Seekers," or of the Society of Friends;" but George Fox, their great leader, having bidden Justice Bennett, of Derby, to "quake" before the Lord, that magistrate in jest gave him and his followers, in 1G50, the mocking title which has not yet been forgotten, but has long ceased to be felt as a reproach. In Wales there are jumpers, and in America shakers and ranters, whoso etymolosry may at once be understood. But by far our commonest treatment of a new religious party is to call it by the name of its leader. Thus we have Puseyites, and Irvingites, and Wesleyans. The Ply- mouth Brothers alone—whom some dreadful Mrs. Malaprop is said to have called tho sect of the Yarmouth Bloaters, and whom others call the Ply mouth Brethren "—singularly took their name from the place of their first organisation, though their leading branch call themselves Darbyites, from their favourite minister. Both these sects, which are very numerous among the Protestants of Italy, sound curiously to English ears in the disguise of Plimoutisli and Darbiiti." One lesson we may perhaps derive from this hasty glance at a curious subject. No name, however ridiculous, can really make contemptible that which in itself deserves no scorn. If we nickname our opponents to satisfy our own animosity ten to one our phrase of contempt will find a place in the page of history, as reflecting shame, not on those who bore, but on those who bestowed it.—Echo.

COPPER MINING IN ITALY. During the past ten yeara the amount of English capital invested in Italian mines has been continually increasing, notwithstanding the long period of depres- sion that has been passed through; and now that general interest in mining enterprise has revived, it ia confidently expected that the minerals of Italy will receive their due share of attention, and be made to contribute argely to the national wealth. The Tavarone Mining Company, which has been just formed, in shares of .£5 each, haa been one of the first to take advantage of the improved state of affairs, and proposes to develope a valuable mining property in the commune of Tavarone, province of Genoa, about thirteen miles by road, and eight miles as the crow flies from the shipping port of Sestri, purchased for .£18,000, the whole of which, with the exception of..£2,000, is to be taken in shares of the aompany. The first issue being 30,000 only, this will leave .£12,000 as working capital—an amount considered ample for bringing the property into a good paying condition. An entire freedom from royalty and dues being se- cured to the company by their concession from Victor Emmanuel, which grants the property in perpetuity in consideration of a dead rent of about £ 5 10a. (138 frs.) per annum, it is obvious that almost the whole of the gross profit will be available for dividend. Tho property is three miles in length by upwards of two in width, being traversed throughout by two main north and south lodes, which wherever opened upon yield rich copper ores up to the surface. The lodes can bo easily traced the whole distance, and wrought wholly without the aid of steam machinery, and at trifling expense in exploration. Those lodes, in the opinion of practical authorities, will increase in productiveness as depth is attained; and the returns will oontinue to augment for years to come, and in pro- portion to the number and extent of drifts or levels opened out on the course of the veins. The whole of this section upon the course of one of the veins yields copper ores ranging from 14 to 20, 30, up to 50, and even up to 71 per cent. of pure metal; and from working the same at three points large quantities of produce can at once be returned and brought to market, so soon as crushing power is erected upon the mines. These assays show a marked difference to tho average results of even our best Devon copper mines, which does not exceed 14 per cent. as a maxi- mum. With regard to the situation of the iiinea, and the facilities for working, the formation of the hills ad- mits of numerous points to open out upon the course of the lodes with both economy and dispatch. In this respect the mines differ from most other Italian ones, and judging from surface indications and yield there is scarcely a limit to be defined as regards future products. There ia ample water-power all tho year round, an unlimited supply of wood, whilst labour here ia both abundant and cheap. No steam machinery or pumping power is or will be required. Working tools and crushing mills, with necessary dressing machinery, are alone requisite to break the ores and render them marketable. The quality of the ored, as per samples assayed, is exceedingly rich in character, and can be dressed up to a produce of 40 or 50 per cent., thereby effecting a considerable saving in the carriage of ores to this country for smelting and sale. If the anticipations of the directors—that iJ5,600 worth of ore, raised at a oost of £1,200, can be brought into the English market by the end of August-be realised, the shareholders will certainly have no cause to complain, as it will be equal to a profit of about 36 per cent. per annum, and a further concession from the king continuing the veins over six miles farther is in prospect. The share list is well supported in Italy.—Mining Journal,

IN A LIST of adulterated articles furnished the other day by a contemporary, a certain sort of paper waa said to be weighted with "plaster of Paris." Can it have been a sheet of the Doily Telegraph ?— Comic Paper. SCHE-(DAD)-DTTLE WALK-ER!—We are in- formed that the Chancellor of the Exchequer is taking measures to ensure that the ghost effeota at the Polytechnic shall pay their fair quota in the shape of property tax. LATEST FROM THE ROCK,—Mr. Bright has not promised to give up Gibel-Tarik (some people call it Gibraltar) to the Spaniards. For them it is to remain a veritable Chateau en Espagne. TIIE SUCCESS OF THE AGE.—Ask your Grocer for the" New," the "Manzanillo," & tho "Scmolinc" Cocoa. Manufactured by Mercer. Unsworth. & Sevan, London. NICE AMERICAN NAMES.—IT is said that somewhere in the United States the epithet, Re- markable, is in use for women as a Christian name. By-and-by, perhaps, some American journalist will have his infant daughter christened Reliable.— punch. WAITING TOR DINNER.—Adolphus (the page): Please, 'm Cook's got intosticated again and she've hemptied the capers into the lobster sauce, and she've poured the soup down the sink, and she's a settin' on the salmon, mum I [Panic, fire-engines, —and warning!] AND NO WONDER.—We hear that all those who were summoned to aot as jurymen at the trial of Prince Pierre Bonaparte, wished to evade tho un- pleasant duty. And no wonder considering what a fire-eater he is, they were fearful that he'd chal- lenge" the whole of 'em VERY LIKELY. — Thoughtful London thief (reading an article in the Daily Telegraph on a robbery of .£10,000 from a bank by a clerk) When we hear of an unusually clever robbery, the first re- flection is, What a pity the culprit does not turn his talents to better account'"—(pauses)—yes — he might ha* made it £ 20,000—sverry true, Guv'nor— (nods approvingly and resumes)—"and become an honest man." Ah! that's another pair o' shoes. Vot claptrap this 'ere is! Blowed if I don't drop in at Ned Wright's as asoupernoomerrery." [Vanishes.] -Punch. VAN SHARES, £4 5s. paid, have advanced to .£75, and the yield is marvellous. The West Chi- verton, paying £ 24,000 annually, sells for JB150,000, an advanue of 400 per cant. The Tavarone Copper Mines, Italy, will pay £ 10,000 annually., 6,000 shares of £5 each, fully paid up. Share warrants to bearer. Upwards of 4,500 shares are subscribed by the Directors and their immediate frienus. The deve- lopment will prove rapid and the advance in value equal to either of the above.—Vide Times," March 5th, 1870.—CHARLES T. SATTNDEES, Secretary.—■ No. 3, Crown-court, Threadneedle-street, London, E.C.

CONTINENTAL ON DITS. --+- THE illustrated papers have been forbidden to gif: the likeness of Victor Noir. Ho is apparently only to be killed but obliterated. L'habit nov (ovening dress), will that also be prohibited ? all A PARISIAN critic describes a lady as leaner th h a well-gnawed bone. He has not yet got to t e marrow of this stylo of writing.. THE answer given by a prisoner accused of ainjos cutting his wife to pioees was, with a smile, We.' Monsieur le President, you know every one has bit little failing." EXTRAORDINARY BURGLARY.—An extraordinw burglary has just been committed on the premise3 o. M. Radiguel, maker of ornaments for furniture, on t# Boulevard de Contrescarpe, Paris. The polioe fouD on the bank of the St. Martin's Canal, near the de la Bastille, a fractured iron safe, containing pl),peed bearing the namo of the above firm, while around were pieces of gold and silver money, amoufl ing to 166f. The officers at once aroused M. Radi £ u whose residence was close by, and then only ho that his office had been broken into during the nig11* and that a sum of 2,153f. ih cash or notes had stolen. He declares that he heard no noise, and tWj his dog, which slept in an adjoining warehouse, not barked. COFFINS FOR ONE."—M. Paul de Cassapnao h1: just receivod a singular challenge. Somo individo*J who waa sufficiently prudent not to sign tho lo^fj sent, wrote to him to attend at a quarter-past eigl in the morning of the 3lst March, before tho ma^. of the 17 th arrondissement, to have his brains blo** out with a revolver. "If you do not come," the anonymous writer, you will be only a guard, a coward, and a hypocrite." » AN official residence is about to be built for Coo Bismarck, in hia capacity as Chancellor of the Nof German Bund, adjoining the Ministry for Foreiff Affaira in the Wilhem Strasse in Berlin. The c08 are estimated at .£30,000. TOUNO France seems quite astonished that thing old should exist in Paris, and to have therefore, into some wonder at learning that a cl°^ which was originated in 1665—and, moreover, club of carabiniors — flourishes yet in its "Carabiniors," it exclaims, "in tho days of Chf^9;' pot ? Is it possible ? Yes, and very eo. The <»* has been found out, and also that the members of club, which was once calle^ JSoeiete de 1'ArqueboJ is going out towning and shooting next month. Sb*' of Rip van Winkle! what a sight it will be for y°^J Paris if they turn out with old flint and steel, costume to match. Yet after all not more than our own English beefeaters, who have been extolled "as after all more soldierlike • gallant in aspect than the best militairiea of present day." j, PRINCE PIERRE BONAPARTE, it is thought, fix upon Brussels for his residence. He has a b in the Avenue Louise, and has given orders for thing to be in readiness for him.. THE Parisian theatres, like the Chambers, se<j to divide of late into right and left. For the seC°\ time within a fortnight a caso has occurred at the last when a gold crown, with ribbons, &c 1 flung to the great artist of tho theatre, the cr° having on it, "To Mdlle. Lemoine. The left-^ of the theatre, in admiration." The right-hafld the theatre gave nothing, it seems. QUITE a romantic incident recently occurred the court of the ex-Queen Isabella. One of the 111801, of honour, a young girl of great beauty, l°s^ portemonnaie, containing 800 francs, which, brought to the Queen a few days afterwards W.. young and handsome peasant. Nothing was mi38y and the Queen asked the lad what reward he for his honesty. The young fellow had observed I fair owner of the portemonnaie, and her great j0^ its recovery, and made bold to say, I want ward but ono kiss from that young lady." Majesty smiled, and, turning to the young lÔ1 said, Will you grant his request, Carmen ? men hesitated for a moment, but finally she y solutely went up to the young lad, and throwing arms round hia neck, kissed him three times, the general laughter and applause of the aaseU^ company. 4 VIOLETS fried in butter and sugar again tor* j as a dish for the gourmets this spring in Will no poet who has a little of the soul of who sang about a daisy take the part of the inI1\y flower, and administer a bit of satire to | hungry creatures who eeem only to live to what they may bring within the range of eternally gnashing jaws ? „ THE TOURS VERDICT.—The Pays states "t the verdict at Tours was rendered by 27 votes j and that amongst these last was one blank As the courts of law in France always reckon tI bulletins in favour of the accused, the real D\1IØ that journal observes, were 28 to 8.. A Apropos of t) le recent frequent murders in the tr&^y French railroads at night, the proposal has seriously under consideratien of having a e:ot",1 watchman, whose duty it is to go from carriw carriage all night long. That is, on the outsit the carriages, for some travellers would rathe' » the risk of the assassin's knife than a door op to give them cold. J, A CORRESPONDENT assures ns (says a conteí. rary), in the idiom d la Franqais, that when t Favre was recently speaking the whole Academie hung upon his lips-était suspender* J levres. We have remarked that his nether lip 18 itd markably pendant one. A few like occurrences his eloquence will account for it. AT Tours an English pickpocket did the tional thing of the time. He picked the p court, of the captain of gens d'armea. The Ure cilables, of course, enjoy this tour a'escroqueri#' J M. LEDRU ROLLIN has at last returned to K y but he remained there only a few hours, taken up his abode in the beautiful suburb, aux Roses. Baron Haussman haa run a boo'0J through M. Rollin's property, and has thus f > demagogue a millionaire, since he comes in share of the indemnities,which aro given alike to concilables and Imperialists. By tho way, the accounts are left in a most confused condition- I. deficit of twelve millions sterling has been distil to be far above that sum, and we don't kn° u worst yet; so that we are like Tom Dunc°^|> father, who was staggered when his son sent j bills to him, amounting to £ 84,000. After tb' jl-, total at the bottom of the page, he ominous "turn over," and the next page some more unpleasant financial statements. Jj SUICIDE IN FRANCE.—The number of self-1111'^1 during the year 1868 was 5,547, or an 536 compared with the preceding year 4,3^ „(• by men, and 1,171 by women, and the departM# the Seine alone furnished 873, or one-sixth °J total number. With respect to age, 37 were y, 16 years 217 between 16 and 21, 1,4S0 611 22 to 40, 2,199 between 41 and 60, 988 fro& > 70,472 between 71 and 80,and 100 above. To0 JI 54 was unknown. Their status was 1,846 1111[11 I 1,789 married, with children, and 853 ■ witho* widows or widowers, with children, and 383 The domicile of 69 was unknown; 2,603 re!!t 91 the towns, and 2,785 in the rural districts. urban population, although smaller than tha* country places, in the proportion of 30 i furnished almost an equal number of s"(}Ji Investigations have shown the motive for self*" tionin 5,102 oases; theyjmay be classifiedasf° /f misery or reverse of fortune, 566; domesti" J 668 love, jealousy, profligacy, 99.0 tions, 1,169, of which 593 wore caused by suffering; cerebral diseases, 1,684; and 25. i

ELECTRIC SURGERY. ) Among the ancient Greek skolia, or table. f translated in Mr Arnold's recently-published ji/ The Poets of Greece," is one that rnns as I If it only were right, how delightful 't To open the breast of a friend, And peep at his heart, and replace it agai^ i And believe in him then without end A This process is really becoming feasible, it without so painful a course aa eviscerating dear to ns. Dr. Milio, a celebrated Russian has invented a means of illuminating the the living human body with the aid of a co°° beam of electric light. The ingenious thus renders the working of the mortal macWjjjB said, as perceptible as if we were all made (J. He has recently demonstrated his idea by pI" his month a bullet, whioh became pla.inlf tj when the face waa subjected to the eleotri" The doctor's hope is to use his method for: pi oration of musket-ball wounds; and, aa k0J further plan of extracting bullets by whenever they contain any iron or steel, he j! to petition all belligerent Governments to I for the future in the manufacture of missii^J| first part of his discovery, however, is the sorbing. Henceforward, a lady who do^V sincerity of her lover can have hia heart "di*W| by the doctor's lamp. Persons who thing the matter with them" can find oat ^"JFj by merely turning on the light; and medicaJ need only illuminate themselves to study Min the life."

GOLDEN-TIPPED stonecrO^I This has been in grand condition with winter; and I am afraid of saying all I tli'kK it, or perhaps people who know nothing ah° u think that I have exaggerated its chari what are the facts ? Last autumn three in small sixties came into my hands, and a9 completed a little rookery, the tops were and the points dibbled in a line just behalf J of burrs whioh formed the boundary. Tbe r simply a bank of heavy soil with a few V) the surface, and a row round the outside in its. place. Yet the stonecrop made gre^jj'.i and by Christmas had formed a line of four inches in width, and is now as bright$>, as gold new from the Mint; although tb; Feather is molted to pulp, Silene pendul» 'pi) and the Myosotis frightfully cut up. K y, doubt that when the merits of this stone^0^ more fully known, it will be used ext0? winter and spring gardening. Nothing1' manage. It can be chopped about f) .paC f' of the cultivator, and pieces of shoot than half an inch in length will soon to Ø] and make a good plant. The proper PyJ it for winter gardening is to select an °P jjiy' where the soil.is poor in the kitchen gardelJ'^0 j and dibble the points of the shoots i° tile nine inches apart and four or six inches y Managed this way, fine compact tut'ts 0^ by the time the beds are deprived of n<j occupants. The tufts can be taken uP 0t J, in the beds without feeling the fV moval. This is the best season of the f 0 buying in a stock, because there is no 0' supplied by mistake with the normal fo "rietf. acre instead of with the golden-tipped THE GABDBNSR, in Gardeners' Mag