The Aberystwith Observer

HORRIBLE TRAGEDY. A FAMILY OF SEVEN PERSONS MURDERED. One of the most extraordinary tragedies which has taken place f .r many years was discovered on Mon- day eveninsr at the village of Denham, about two miles from Uxbridge. It seems that a family named Marshall resided at a cottage in tbat village, the husband carrying on busi- ness as an engineer. Besides Marshall, there lived in tha cottage his wife and three children, whose ages ran between three and nine years, and also the mother and sister of Marshall. Tuesday in this week bad heen fixed for the marriage of the sister, and it is to the fact of her wedding dress being brought home that the discovery of the murder is to be attri- buted. Nothing had been seen of the murdered per. sons since Saturday; but upon a young girl geing to the cottage on Monday, with the garment referred to, and gaining no reply, the neighbours had their suspi- cions aroused, and an entry was soon effected into the house. A scene of the most horrible description then pre- sented itself. On the ground-floor the bodies of Mrs. Marshall and her sister-in-law were found quite dead— the former lying on her back, and the latter, who had her night-dress on and was evidently preparing for bed, was placed across her. Both had their heads fearfully mutilated, and the absence of blood about the place was remarked by those who wit- nessed the dreadful discovery. At the right hand, on entering the cottage, and near the fire-place, three chil- dren belonging to Marshall were also found with their heads frightfully battered, and also quite dead. The mother of Marshall was likewise found, having been brutally murdered in the same way; and on entering the shop where Marshall had been at work, wearing a smock-frock, his body was also found. It was covered with sacks, and it was apparent that he had had a desperate struggle. His hands were scratched in several places, and there were marks as if he had been dragged about the ground. His head had also been beaten in in the same manner as those of the other victims. There was another child belonging to Marshall—a little boy, aged sixteen months—who had been sent to his grandmother's to be out of the way during the wed- ding of Marshall's sister; and but for that circum- stance there ia very small doubt that the little creature would have been added to the list of the murdered members of the family. The medical gentlemen who were called in said that in their opinion the awful deed had been perpetrated as long since as Saturday night or Sunday morning. A forge hammer and an ordinary axe—with which the murders are supposed to have been committed— have been discovered with traces of blood upon them. Whatever the motive by which the murderer or mur- derers—for it seems difficult to imagine the fearful work can have been done by one person—robbery does not seems to have been the object, for nothing appears to have been disturbed; the rings and several articles of jewellery worn by the unfortunate persons not having been removed. As may be imagined, the excitement in the village was intense. Marshall and his wife and sister were, it is said, much respected by their neighbours.

FURTHER PARTICULARS. UXBRIDGE, Tuesday Afternoon. There seems now to be a slight clue to the perpetrator of the terrible murders at Denham, which eclipse in horror the celebrated murders of the Marrs and William*, or even the more recent atrocities of Tropmann. At first it was rumoured that the poor man Marshall had murdered his family and then committed suicide in a fit of homicidal mania, and this would have been the least repul- sive feature of such a crime, but there is now no doubt that Marshall was himself the first victim. His skull was so battered that the brains protruded from the base, his jaw was broken in two places, his hands were scratched, and there were some [Blight but strong evidences of a short violent struggle having taken place in the little forge which ad- joined his house and communicated with it. Above all, the nodywas concealed by sacks thown over, and even tucked beneath the body. The notion of suicide, therefore, is utterly impossible. The whole family were murdered, and, from' all that can be divined, were murdered by one man. Whether the motive wasprivatemallce or mere robbery, or both com- bined, can only be conjectured. Two watches are missing. One has been traced and found pawned at a Mr. Butcher's, a pawnbroker in Uxbridge, for a lew shillings, on Monday morning. Of the other watch there is yet no trace. The description of the man who pawned this watch is somewhat vague, for little notice was taken of him, even the identity of the watch itself is almost doubtful; but the brother of the murdered man thought be could Identify the chain attached to tha watch as having belonged to Mary Marshall. With this slight clue, and slight description of the man who pawned, other traces were soon found by the police. They ascertained that aman answer- ing somewhat to the description of a kind of common train had been in Uxbridge two or three days previously, and had slept at a lodging-house in the same room with another man to whom he was unknown. This man has come forward and given the police every aid in the way of description which he could about hli temporary but unknown companion, The most important fact of all which he states is that the sup- posed murderer was absent all Saturday night, so late that he did not know the time that he returned, being asleep but on the Sonday he noticed that he had new and different clothes to those he wore the day previous. In the house where the murdered family were found was dis- covered a loose heap of things, consisting of an old worn coat, a waistcoat, and trousers, all stained with blood. A coat, waistcoat, hat, trocuers, and other articles of men s wearing apparel are missing from the cottage. Whoever did the murder took the clothes and left his own behind. The house in which the poor family lived is in a very pretty spot, about two miles beyond Uxbridge, and close on the Oxford-road. The cottage stands a little back from the road, andis almost seventy yards distant from any other house. Ad- joining it is a little forge where Samuel Marshall worked as an engineer and smith in a small way. The man was com- fortably off, sober and industrious, working early and late. Beside the forge where his mutilated body was found, and near it was a bar of iron or poker bent, broken and stained with blood and hair. Here seems some clue to the time of the murder. Marshall was a very early riser and very early to bed. At this time of the year he used, it is said, to get up between three and four in the morning to let his horse out to graze. The body, when found in the forge, had a clean shirt and clean stock- ings on it, evidently the beginning of the Sunday dre¡1 of a small mechanic. Mrs. Marshall's body was found at the bottom of the stairs in the cottage. Her gown was partly on her and partly off her, just as she most probably had hurriedly thrown it on to know the meaning of cries and struggling in the forge. Possibly the murdered man may have called to her. At all events there must have been sufficient noise to alarm the house, for by her side, and partly across her, lay in her night dress the body of her sister-in-law, who was to have been married this day. Both had their skulls completely chattered by the blows of a sledge hammer. From this it would seem that Mrs. Marshall first heard the noise of the butchery in the forge, and throwing her dress round her, called to her sister-in-law and woke her, and then rushed downstairs and met the murderer at the foot, who slew them at once, and apparently without trouble, for there was no sign of any struggle or disorder. The heads were beaten in with several blows, and they lay at the foot of the stairs in a pool of blood. The three children, little girls aged three, six, and nine, were evidently murdered as they rushed downstairs on hearing the cries. The bodies of two were, it Is stated, found almost under the fireplace In the kitchen. The grandmother, the mother of Marshall, was found up- stairs. She had, no doubt, been brained in her sleep. All had evidently been killed with the same weapon—a hammer. This implement was found in the house, covered with blood, hair, and portions of brain. With U. was found a joiner's axe, which was also bloody. That the murders were done before the Sunday morning there seems no manner of doubt. The little clean things belonging to the children were all untouched, and their little shoes, left cleaned for Sunday wear, remained as they had been placed on Saturday night. The young man who was to hare been married to-day to Marshall's sister arrived at Uxbridge by the first train this morning. He had heard nothing of the murders, and when some friends who were waiting at the station broke the news to him he seemed quite overwhelmed. THE INQUEST. On Tuesday the coroner for South Bucks opened an inquiry into the circumstances attending the deaths of Emanuel Marshall, the lather, aged 36; Charlotte, his wife, 34; Mary Ann, his sister, 32; Mary, the eldest child, 8; Theresa, 6; Gertrude, 4; and Mary Marshall, the grandmother, 77. The jury having been sworn, they proceeded to view the bodies, and returning to the inquest room, Charles Trevener, of the Bucks police, deposed: lam stationed at Denham. I have been there twelve months, and have during that time known the deceased persons. I have been into the house once or twice. They were all living together. Emanuel Marshall was the tenant of the house. He was an engineer by trade. Mrs. Mary Marshall (de: ceased) is his mother; Charlotte Marshall was his wife- Mary Ann Marshall was his sister, and the children his daughters. At eleven o clack on Saturday morning last I saw Emanuel Marshall at work in his shop. He came out and spoke to me as I passed. The children, Mary and Theresa Marshall, were playing in the road in front of the house. The deceased man was in the habit of working late. I have known him to work all hours of the night, and sometimes aU night long. I did not pass the house again on Saturday, nor did I go close by the hcute on Saturday. I passed the house along the main road. On Sunday morning I came from Red-hill into the village, which is about a mile and a half. fhio was about 10 minutes before three. I then met a man alone. I did not perceive that he had anything with him except a quantity of clothes on. It was just getting daylight. He had a low deer- stalker (a felt hut) on, a very old dark coat, and under that a short light one. Both coats were buttoned tightly. He had cord trousers on and thin shoes. As we were passing he said, I wish I had seen you before, policeman." I said, What s the matter now ? He said, There was a man and his wife come into Uxbridge and were going along the cut and the man threatened to throw his wife into the cut If he had thrown her in I would have thrown him liuv I asked him if he knew anything of them. He said "No I am quite a stranger about here." I said, "Where do you belong to?" He said, "lam going along the road from Oxford. Which ia my best road 1" I told, him to co along through the village, and when he got fifty or sixty yards away I followed him. I called to him and he stopped an11 said, I will show you the way." He thanked m«, and after I had directed him, he bid me good night, and went. Coroner: How far was he from the house where the bodies lie? Witness: About a third of a mile. Which way was he coming ? From Uxbridge How did you know of the murder first ? A young man came down to the village and told me that the house had been found open, and the bodies had been dis- covered. I went to the house and found the doors open. Ifound two bodies—the wife and the sister—lying just inside the door. The head of the wife was lying towards the door, and the sister's feet were towards her head. A petticoat was covered over them. About twofeetfrom them was the sledge hammer produced, which Is covered with blood. I then went to the washhouse and found the bodies of the three chUdren and the grandmother. Near two of the children who lay together I found the axe produced, which is also covered with blood. The bodies of the children were not covered with anything, but there was something covered over the grandmother. All the deceased persons, with the excep- tion of the wife, had night clothes on. The wife had her dress partially drawn on over her night-dress. There were extensive wounds on the heads of all the bodies, and a great deal of blood on the floors. There were pools of blood in some of the rooms. One of the bodies appeared to have been dragged from the wash-house. I then went into the forge, which is a building adjoining the house. The door was just closed. I found there the body of Emanuel, the father, lying flat on his face, with his hands stretched out. He had apparently been dragged. The body was covered with a sack, an apron, and an old ooat. There was a pool of blood a few yards from the body, and part of the poker which I produced was lying near the body. The two pieces of poker correspond with the shovel and tongues found in the parlour of the house. Some clothes were found in a room of the house this morning, tmny presence. I went upstairs. Three beds had apparently been used. There was no evidence of any struggles. It appeared as if the deceased had just thrown their clothes back and ran out of the rooms. The staircase goes downito the back kitchen, where the four bodies weie found, and it is necessary to pass from the back kitchen along the passage into the room where the two bodies were found. I noticed that some of the drawers had been pulled out, and the clothes I have referred to were found in one of the bedrooms facing the west. There is blood on these clothes. There was a pair of boots, trousers, a coat, a cordj acket, a cord vest, a slop, a deerstalker hat, and a red and white common plaid neckcloth. The deceased man had his ordinary working clothes on. He had cleau cord trousers on, was in his shirt sleeves, but had no boots on, nor can 11lnd any boots. I examined the boUo:n of his stockings, and found them quite dry and free from grit. He could not have got to the position in which I found him with- outhaving something on his feet. The blood on the trousers was quite fresh. There was no appearance of a struggle having taken place in the front room. There was blood on the wall, where I should thiDk one of the bodies fell. Elizabeth Simpson, who resided about 100 yards from the house of the deceased, said that on Sunday morning, about [leven o'cJock, [he saw a man coming from the direction of the deceased's house but in reply tu the coroner, said she did think she should be able to identify him. Inspector Sutton said that there was no truth whatever as to a missing watch from the house of the murdered man having been identified as his property, but that the police have certain informa.tion that they diii nqpthink It desirable for the ends of justice to disclose. Job Sparks deposed: I live at Foundry-terrace, Uxbridge. I am an iron moulder. I am the brother to the deceased woman Charlotte Marshall. I last saw her alive on Saturday evening fortnight. Mr. Marshall had two brothers. They went to Australia about fourteen years ago. I heard of the death of one brother about four or five years ago. I have not heard whether the other brother has returned to this country. I believe he has not been he*rd of for some two or three years. The family had two watches. Mary Ann Marshall, the sister who was to have been married to-day at eleven o'clock, had a silver-Geneva watch, and a flee gold-linked chain. Marshall had an old watch of his father's. The detective and I went to Uxbridge this morning, and we found that a watch and guard had been pawned at Uxbridge, at Mr. Butcher's.. I can't speak to the identity of tne watch, but I thiuk I can identify the chain as that which belonged to Mary Marshall. After the evidence of George Armon, the young man who came from Sawbridgeworth in the morning expecting to marry thu unfortmate woman Mary Ann Marshall, the inquiry was adjourned.

DR. LIVINGSTONE NOT YET DESPAIRED OF. Sir Roderick Murchison, in the course of his opening ad- dress at the anniversary meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, held n London, on Monday, said— That he was grieved at being unable to offe some encouraging sentences on the prospect of speedily welcoming Dr. Livingstone home. At the same time (he proceeded) there is no cause for despondency as to his life and safety. He has been for some time at Ujiji, on the Lake Tanganyka, whence he wrote home on the 30th of May last, though unable to make any movement for want of carriers and sup- plies. These were, indeed, forwarded to him by Dr. Kirk from Zanzibar, when an outbreak of cholera stopped and paralyzed the relieving party. Recent intelligence, however, has reached the Foreign Office to the effect that the pestilence had subsided to so great an extent that we may presume the commu- nication between the coast and Ujiji has before now been reopened. The work which still lies before Livingstone has been often adverted to, and it is hoped that he will live to advance to the north end of the Tanganyika, and there ascertain if its waters flow into the Albert Nyanza of Baker. If the junction should be proved, we may indulge the thought that, informed as Livingstone must now be of the actual carrying out of the great project of Sir Samuel Baker, he may endeavour to meet his great contemporary. The progress of the great Egyptian expedition of Baker having been delayed in its outset, we know that it only left Khartoum to ascend the White Nile in February. After reaching Gondokoro, as was expected to be the case in the first days of March, some time must neces- sarily elapse in establishing a factory above the upper rapids, and beyond the tributary Asna, where the steam-vessels are to be put together before they are launched on the Nile water, on which they are to pa.ss to the great Lake Albert Nyanza. As soon, however, as a steamer is on that lake, we may be assured that Baker, with his well-known energy and promptitude, will lose not a moment in the endeavour to reach its southern end, in the expectation of there giving hand and help to Livingstone.

THE LAST MOMENTS OF LOPEZ. The following additional details of the circumstances attending the death of Lopez are given by the Anglo-Brazilian Timet:— Lopez does not appear to have realized the fact that the Brazilians were in force close to him, until, on hearing the discharges of the cannon he had stationed to defend the Aquidaban ford, he rode from his camp towards the ford, and saw the attacking troops. When the Brazilian cavalry debouched on the plain of Aquidibanigui, Lopez was seen mounted on alight bay horse, in the midst of a group of officers on foot, armed with lances and swords. When the Brizilians charged the group a sharp conflict ensued, in which almost all the defenders of Lopez perished. He cut a Brazilian officer's head, and himself was lanced by the corporal Chico Diabo, who ran his lance into his intestines. However, Lopez did not fall, though he was mortally wounded but giving rein to his horse, galloped towards a small wood, attended by Caminos and another, also on horseback. He was quickly followed, and a Brazilian officer called to a sergeant armed with a Spencer repeat- ing carbine, who rapidly discharged his seven shots at the refugees. Under his fire, Caminos fell dead with a bullet through the brain, and Lopez was again wounded. Still he and his companions galloped on until near the wood, when, the ground getting soft, they dismounted and rushed into the wood, beyond which was the stream called the Aquidibanigui. The pursuers were close behind among them was general Camara, who, with some ethers, rapidly dismounted and pushed through the wood. On emerging, Lopez was seen up to his knees in the stream, and his companion was holding out his hand to aid him up the bank. General Camara jumped into the river after him, and called to him to surrender to him, the General assuring him life; but Lopez's only answer was to say, I die for my country," and to strike at him with his sword, in doing which he ftll upon the bank. General Camara then ordered a soldier to disarm Lopez, and the soldier seized him by the wrists. In the ensuing struggle Lopez fell twice or thrice with his head under water, and while still engaged with his opponent a trooper rushed up and shot the almost exhausted Dictator through the heart. Killing him instantly. The body of Lope* was carried to the camp, and on perceiving it the Paraguayan women commenced to dance around it, uotil the Brazilian General had them driven away. Whether the dancing of the women was a funeral rite or a sym- ptom of gladness was not ascertained. The body was found to have four wounds on it. It was buried with that of his son Francisco, killed while escorting Mrll. Lynch's train. The Provisional Government has issued a decree confiscating all the property of Mrs. Lynch, the Lopez family, and General Barrios. Lopez's mother and sisters are thus reduced to beggary, but Mrs. Lynch, who with her four sons, was taken on board the Brazilian flagship for safety, is said to have jE20,000 in Europe; and an inventory, taken when she was received on board, shows that she had a considerable sum in money, jewelry, and other valuables, including a diamond mounted sword presented to Lopez by his congress. It is said she has declared her intention to reside in England with her children. Five regiments of cavalry had set out to return over- land to Rio Grande do Sul, and the rest of the Brazilian army was assembled at Humaiti, with the exception of a garrison at Asuncion, a few men at St. Pedro, and a force in charge of the war material at Concepcion. The Comte d'Ea also arrived at Humaita upon the 21st of March. A ball was given to him at Asuncion, and the Brazilians in Montevideo were preparing to give him one on his arrival there, on his way to Rio de Janeiro.

SHOCKING MURDER AND SUICIDE IN THE ISLE OF MAN. The following dreadful tragedy has taken place in the Isle of Man:— A young man named Williams, who, it is said, was connected with a well-to-do English family visited the island some time ago and become attached to a barmaid at the Castle Mona Hotel, Douglas, and to whom he was recently married in Manchester. On Tuesday in last week, they went to the Isle of Man after their wedding tour, and it is alleged that during the next two days Williams drank heavily and was very eccentric in his manner. On Thursday he was conveyed home in a state of intoxication; and on Thursday night, having partly shaken off the effects of the morning's debauch, he went to the Derby Hotel, and conducted himself in a violent manner, threatening to shoot the bar- maid. In his frenzy he seems to have formed a de- termination to murder somebody, and Mr. John Gold, the landlord of the Derby Hotel, was unfortunately marked out as his victim. Williams was armed with a revolver, and with this weapon he fired at Mr. Gold, the ball penetrating the brain. In the panic which ensued Williams rushed from the hotel, and gotaway un molested. Medical aid was procured as promptly as possible for Mr. Gold, but it was wholly unavailing, death resulting in a few moments. After leaving the Derby Hotel Williams, seems to have gone straight to his lodgings, situate at a distance of about a quarter of a mile from the hotel, and there he destroyed his own life by shpo^Jig himself with the revolver with which he had killed Mr. Gold.

lltisailitiMOM InttOiptt, HOME, FOREIGN, AND COLONIAL. THE FENIANS MOVING ON CANADA.—On Tues- day, a special Atlantic cable telegram, from New York, states that simultaneous despatches from Mont- pelier, Vermont, and Buffalo, announced that JFenians were moving on Canada in large numbers. On Monday afternoon they left Buffalo, Burlington, and Plattsburg for the frontier. MATRIMONIAL ADVERTISEMENTS.—(From the Manchester Examiner):—■ A widow, in business, wishes to meet with a person with means: strictl yconfidential. A respectable widower wishes to correspond with a lady, 40 to 60, with means." "A young gentleman, In a good position, tall and good- looking, desires to correspond with a lady of means with a view to matrimony.—Address, H. A., Post-office, Edge Hill, Liverpool." j "Any respectabte widow cr spinster, not under 50, and having means of her own, and being so minded, may meet with a respectable and kind partner, by addressing, in con- dence, and stating a few particulars. Wanted by a widower (bona fide), a well brought-up and educated young lady or widow, between 24 and 30, to take charge of his private establishment aId small family of six, three provided for, with a view to matrimony; state means. Address A. S. W., Post-office, Cheatham tLill." BEAURY THE ATTEMPTED ASSASSIN.—"It is thought likely," says the Gaulois, "that the High Court of Justice will meet at Blois towards the end of next month. Beaury, who certainly is not a very dangerous criminal, has written a letter to his colonel asking his forgiveness for the disgrace which he had brought on the regiment; he states that he was led away without knowing what he was about, that he is not a man fond of the knife, as several radical journals have made out, and that he hopes the colonel will tell his comrades how grieved he is to be in his present position." A SENSATIONAL PARAGRAPH !—A story is told of Mr. Disraelita "Lothair," which "if not true is well invented, and is quite Disraelian in its magniloquence and romance (remarks the Daily Telegraph). It is said that an American firm had arranged to have the three J; volumes of Lothair telegraphed across the Atlantic by cable, so as to outstrip all rival publishers and secure the first publication! The plan broke down, it is said, through the refusal of the Cable Company to allow such a monopoly of its line, to the delay of other messages. Fancy the feelings of some "bull" or "bear," wishing to send through news about Five- Twenties or Eries, and obliged to pause because Theodora's last kiss was still trembling along the wires, or Lotbair's vagrant sighs were still wander- ing beneath the waves! Mr. Disraeli painted, in Vivian Grey," the wild and wondrous imaginings of an ambitious boy; but he never conceived any success so theatrical and so splendid as the latest novel of the hero sent from one hemisphere to another by the aid of lightning, the New World waiting breathless to have chapter after chapter speedily spelt out. To make the incident scenic as well as sensational, some elocu- tionist might have been engaged to read out the novel in New York fresh 'as it issued, like Aphrodite, from the sea; and thus, while the Old World was getting its" Lothair" prosaically from Mudie's, the New World would have been drinking it in charged with electricity—and the genius of the author could have been said, like Pope's spider, to "feel in each pulse and live along the line." ALL FOR LOVE.—A sempstress named Catherine M'Carthy has been charged at the Mansion Rouse, in London, with annoying Mr. Taylor, a linendraper in Beech.street, Barbican. It appears that she has for the last two years been in the habit of coming to Mr. Taylor's shop, on pretence of buying thread, but in reality in order to stand in the shop and talk, and although he had refused to serve her she had persisted in coming. She has twice been sent to the union as a lunatic, but behaved so orderly while there that she was soon discharged as cured. The other morning she came to the shop five times before eight o'clock, and as Mr. Taylor could not get rid of her, he gave her into custody. Sir Robert Carden asked her whether she was in love with the prosecutor, and she admitted that she was. But (Sir Robert said) he is not in love with you ? No, sir, (the woman replied), he is not. Well but love should be on both sides.—Yes, air, so it should. Had you not better love somebody else; as he does not love you?—Ah, sir, it is hard to do that. Well, but he does not love you, and I do not think he is worthy of you. Why not fall in love with somebody else ?— Well, sir, he ought to love me. But he avoids you; why not avoid him ? It is hard to do that. Mr. Taylor said that in consequence of her annoyance and the reports of the case which had appeared in the papers his receipts had dropped off from £20 to B30 per week. Sir Robert Carden said he had a certificate signed by two medicalmeti stating that this poor woman was of unsound mind, and he should send her to the union in order that she might be taken to an asylum. CONDENSED MILK.—In addition to the pre- served provision trade, a new development of Irish industry is stated to have rapidly increased. To salted meats, pork, butter, and bacon, has now to be added condensed milk, the manufacture of which has hitherto been confined to America and Switzerland. On the rich graztng grounds of Mallow, in the county of Cork, a large factory is in full working order, employing per-. manently sixty hands in condensing over 200,000 gallons of milk annually, which is sent away in hermetically sealed tins to all parts of the world. The factory is under the management of Mr. J. H. Newnham, and the bulk of the milk is taken fnr export and home con- sumption by Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, of London, whose testing of the whole system has been confirmed by the Professor of Chemistry at Queen's College. KKLIGIOTJS TEACHING IN SCHOOLS.—A petition on the subject of teaching religion in schools has been prepared, and is already signed by the head-masters and assistant-masters of endowed and other public schools. The petition shows that the exclusion of religious teaching from primary schools would be highly inexpedient and at variance with the general sentiment of the country; but that it would be desir- able, for the sake of justice and harmony, that in rate- aided schools no distinctive formulary of any religious body shall be taught." It is supported by persons of widely different views; among others by Mr. George Moore, Lord Shaftesbury, and the Right Rev. the Bishop of Exeter. The principal object of the peti- tion, however, has been to elicit an expression of opinion from endowed and other public schools. Though it has only as yet been privately circulated, it has already the signatures of the head-masters and many of the assistants of public and grammar schools. Go TO ROME FOR INSTRUCTION !—In the course of a sermon which he preached on Sunday afternoon at St. James's Hall, London, the Rev, Newman Hall alluded to his recent visit to Rome. Three weeks ago, he said:— He attended High Mass at nine o'clock in the morning, and heard beautiful music, saw large processions of priests, and gorgeous arrays of officials. The ceremonies might be intelli- gible and profitable to some, but to all they were certainly not so. His impression on being there was that persons engaged in getting up great spectacles in England would do well to go to Rome for instruction; and then if he wanted Ritualism he would rather go to' head-quarters than be content with poor and miserable imitations. He also described a lottery which took place on Sunday afternoon, publicly and with the sanction of the Pope,' and then enforced the lesson that it was the duty of Protestants to stand fast in the faith. A FLOGGING CIRKLAR !—" The whipping ques- tion" has been discussed at San Francisco, on the occa- sion of the trial of a school teacher for flogging a pupil; and more recently, in Yolo country, a teacher has been fined 10 dols. for punishing a child in thorough pugi- listic style for the crime of bringing in a bucket of water without permission. These events have brought forth some records on the subject, and among them the following reply to a circular issued from a school in Albany, where it was the practice to procure permis- sion in writing from the parents to administer corporal, punishment. The specimen permit is as follows:— -i- Your flogging cirklar is duly received. I hope as to my John, you will flog him just as ofin as you kin. Heas a bad boy—is John* Hithto I've been in habit of teachin nim miseM, it Beems to me be never will lam anithing—his spellin is ottragously defishent. Wallop him well, ser, and you will receive my thanks. P.S. What accounts for John being such a scholar is that he is my sun by my wife's fust husband." A WOMAN'S ADVICE. A ballet-dancer who turned the heads of the gentlemen of the Russian capi- tal last winter is a native of Cracow, and reputed to be the intelligent daughter of a Polish count. She received presents by the acore from her admirers, among whom was a very wealthy nobleman. He made her acquaint- ance, and was charmed with her. He offered her a diamond he wore upon his finger for a kiss. She con- sented, and he gladly gave her the jewel. His suit did not prosper, however, as he had hoped. At the end of a month he, presented her with another diamond, and received a second salute. At the end of the year he had in this way parted with nearly all his diamonds. Irritated by her stubbornness, he sought an interview, and upbraided her. "I have no more diamonds to give you," he said. "Then, she replied, I have no more kisses." What am I to do ? Your heart is made of ice. Give me some word of hope." "I can't do that, but I will give you a word of counsel." What is it ?" "Never buy your first kiss of a woman; if you 4o, though you were the Czar himself, you would be bank- rupt before you reached her heart." SHOCKING ACCIDENT AT A WEDDING PARTY. —Miss Caroline Wills, of Ealing, died at the residence of her father on Friday afternoon, from the effects of burns received at the wedding of a friend a short time since. Miss Wills, on the 1st of April last, attended the wedding of a friend at Putney, and whilst there was the means of saving the life of a little girl, but ultimately lost her own in so doing. It appears that while the wedding festivities were going on a little girl's clothes accidentally took fire by coming in too close contact with the grate. Miss Wills, seeing the peril of the child, at once rushed to her assistance, and succeeded in rescuing her from a painful death. In doing so, however, her own dress took fire, and before the flames could be extinguished she was so severely burnt that her life was then despaired of. Medical assistance was at once procured, and the unfortunate young lady was so far revived as to be able to be re- moved to her father's residence at Eahng, butnotwith- standing all that medical skill or kindness could suggest she gradually sank and died. Miss Wills was greatly beloved by many in Ealing, and her death is much felt in the village. HIGH HEELED BOOTS.—A Paris correspondent writes "Independently of the accidents which occur daily to ladies from wearing high-heeled boots and shoes, a variety of painful effects are produced on the nerves and anatomy of the foot, originating in the unnatural position that important member of the human body is placed in whilst supporting the frame. The medical men of Paris are frequently con- sulted for sufferings, generally local but sometimes spinal, originating in this absurd fashion, which makes women walk lame and distorts their general bearing." EVEN-HANDED JusTiCE —Recently a thief, of the Mawworm type, said to a judge on circuit, quite confidingly, "My lord, I really assure you I com- mitted the theft in a weak moment; quite, indeed, against my own will, my lord, quite." Oh! very well," said his lordship; "it is only right that you should have no cause for complaint. The offence will be met in a proper spirit. As you committed the act against your own will you will be punished against your own will." DISTRESSING SUICIDE OF A YOUNG LADY.— An inquest was held at Sheffield on Monday upon the body of Miss Theresa Davy, the only daughter of Mr. John Davy, of the "Black Swan" Inn, Fargate, Sheffield. Deceased was eighteen years of age, and of attractive appearance. She had returned from school a year since, and although assisting at her father's bar occasionally, was unable to do so constantly on account of being subject to epileptic fits. She had been in a low state of mind some time, and on Saturday night, about eleven p. m., she took some of Batley's vermin killer, a deadly poison. The evidence was of a dis- tressing nature, and a verdict of Died from poison taken whilst temporarily insane was returned. MEDICAL MUNIFICENCE.—A few months since it was stated m The Times that Mr. Erasmus Wilson, F.R.S., had presented to the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons, of which institution he is a Fel- low, the handsome sum of JE5,000, with which to endow a Professorship of Dermatology. In accepting the trust the Council appointed Mr. Wilson the Pro- fessor, and that gentleman, having delivered a course of lectures, a cheque for £94108., the amount of the honcjrarium, was forwarded to him. This, it is stated by the Medical Time*, he returned, with a request that the sum might be devoted to the liquidation of the debt incurred by the College in fitting up the costly cases in the museum for the large .and valuable collec- tion of dermatological preparations since presented by him. The best thanks of the Council has been con- veyed to Professor Wilson for this additional libera donation. DEATH or A RECLUSE—For some years past there has been living at Uxbridge, in comparative seclusion, an old lady of peculiarly eccentr.c habits, always quaint in her dress, and impregnable to the curiosity of the town folk. Her residence was at No. 2, Foundry-terrace. A melancholy incident has, how- ever, revealed the identity of the occupant of 2, it oundry ■ terrace. In the early part of last week the neighbours lost sight of the old lady altogether, and more than the usual solitude seemed to veil her abode. Informa- the usual solitude seemed to veil her abode. Informa- tion of this having reached Mr. Batt, a solicitor, he proceeded to the house on Thursday last, and as he received no response to his knock he effected a forcible entrance. On his going upstairs he found the forcible entrance. On his going upstairs he found the old lady lying dead in her bed. An inqueat on the body was held by Dr. Diplock, West Middlesex coroner, on Saturday last, at which it transpired that deceased was the daughter of a Spanish nobleman of high dis. tinction. In early life she contracted a clandestine marriage with the Count de Chantal, of France who was a general in the French army, under the first Napoleon, and who fell at Waterloo. Exiled from her native country, as well as from France, she took refuge in England soon after the restoration of peace and was living on her scanty income, at Uxbridge in the manner described. She had reached her n'netv- third y ear. The medical evidence having proved that death was attributable solely to natural causes the jury returned their verdict accordingly. It is 'pre- sumed the deceased had lain dead severai days before discovery. A FIJIAN CONVERT.—The Fiji Times, giving an account of the recent death of Tui Levuka states that he had been nominally Christian for many' years but did not show decided principles. His early lot was among the Wesleyans, then for a short time be was a Papist, and died among the Wesleyans. The captain ef a British man-of-war once put to him the question What is your religion?" and his reply was, "My right hand is Wesleyan, and assists Mr. Calvert; my left hand is the Pope's religion, and assists the priest but the rest of my body is vakatevoro" (heathen). He was a fine, manly chief 20 years ago, and had the ad- dress and bearing of a gentleman, but of late he became a slave to the bottle. THE FIRST APPLICATION OF CHLOROFORM.— The Daily News gives the following Mr. Waldie, who gave the late Sir James Simpson the hint about chloroform which he turned to such noble account, was not, as has been generally stated, a Liverpool chemist, but was a chemist and bookseller at Linlithgow He had one day some of the liquid in a saucer, when a gentleman entered the shop with a little dog. The chloroform was placed upon the ground to be out of the way, and presently the dog was discovered lying by the side of the saucer un- conscious, and apparently dead. After a time, however while the stranger was mourning over the Joss of his pet the dog moved his limbs, and gradually regained consciousness Mr Waldie began to think he had made a discovery, and after having administered chloroform to a number of cats with the same result, was confirmed in his belief. He went to Edinburgh to relate, his story to some medical man. and at the suggestion of a friend called upon Professor Simpson. After that interview Simpson tried a number of experIments, and proved beyond all question the virtues of chloroform as an anaesthetic. In remembering the blessing conferred upon the world by the great man who has just) departed, it is in- teresting to remember also the simple manner in whieh the discovery was made. Had Mr. Waldie been a person of less Intelligence than ha was, it is possible that the triumph of 1847, which made Simpson the greatest benefactor of his age, might have been delayed for many years. Chloroform, it will be remembered, waa discovered by Soubelran in 1831 so that the composition had been long known to chemists before its special property was ascertained. SALMON IN NEW ZEALAND.—The Dunedin Evening Star states that Mr. Dawbin has reported to the Government that the salmon are in so advanced a state that they are "shoaling together preparatory to starting for the sea." He does not think that they will leave the ponds until there is a fresh in the river, in which case he will be compelled to let them go. The Government intend to retain twenty in the ponds, experimentally, to learn whether they cannot be bred as the sea trout have been in Tasmania. MARRIAGE WITH A DECEASED WIFE'S SISTER. —The Dean of Carlisle has sent the following to The Times for publication :— As my name was introduced In last night's debate in the House of Lords on the subject of marriage with a deceased wife's sister, perhaps I may be allowed to say that the ex- perience of some fifteen or twenty years, which have elapsed since I expressed that opinion, has considerably qualified it. I still conscientiously believe that there is no direct pro- hibition of such marriages in Holy Writ; but were I called upon to vote on the question as it now stands, considering all the facts and arguments bearing on the case, I should decidedly negative any alteration of the existing law —Your obedient servant, FRANCIS CLOSE, Dean of Carlisle. Bon- church, May 20. NEGRO EQUALITY.—A case was recently before the United States' Circuit Court at Baltimore in which a coloured man claimed and obtained damages against the Baltimore City Passenger Railroad Company for ejectirg him from the interior of one of their cars and competing him to stand on the platform. Judge Giles decided that he had a right to as good a place as the white man but he added that a public carrier if he gives equally comfortable accommodation to all may separate passengers, not only by the rule of sex, by providing a ladies' car, but also by the rule of colour, with a view to secure order and promote the comfort of both. It is stated that the company will run white men's cars and coloured men's cars. MISS RYE.—At a recent meeting of the Liver- pool Literary and Philosophical Society an interesting paper was read by Dr. Haywardonthe "Emigration of Public Orphans." He pointed out that there are being brought up in Liverpool by the parish authorities 2,000 orphans, and that they cost for their mere main- tenance and education JE13 a. year each, and including the interest on the cost of land and buildings £18 a year each, which makes a total of £36,000 a year out of the rates for the mere bringing up of parish orphans. He stated that they are kept until they are from fourteen to sixteen years of age; and that by Miss Rye taking away fifty at the average age of eight years she saved the ratepayers jE5,200, which these fifty orphans would have cost in their mere maintenance and education from eight to sixteen years, and at the same time provided for them very much better than would otherwise have been possible. He showed that inducing parish orphans to emigrate at the average age of eight years would be an immense advantage to the mother country, to our colonies, and to the orphans themselves; and that keeping the orphan girls in these institutions until sixteen years of age rendered them unfit to take their place in life, and, in the case of parish orphans, contributed to their ruin; while if they emigrated under Miss Rye's superintend- ence their safety, usefulness, and success would be in- sured. It was, he urged, the result of experience that to be acceptable to the colonies, aad to be successful there, persons should emigrate not at much later than eight years of age. The 70 taken out by Miss Rye had been gladly accepted, and she had already homes waiting for 100 more. NOT "MAINE LAW" HERE !—From a. return whj°j bee? issued ifc appears that in the year ended 30th November last there were in England 2,298 brewers, 69 S69 victuallers, 49,130 persons licensed to sell beer to be drunk on the premises, and 3,154 licensed to sell beer not to be drunk on the premises also 18 902 victuallers who brew their own beer, besides 10,250 persons who were licensed to sell beer to be drunk on the premises brewed by themselves, and 490 who brewed beer which they were licenced to sell not to be drunk on the premises. The brewers consumed du"nS the period refeired to 32,636.328 bushels of malt; the victuallers, 7,219,107 the persons licensed to sell beer to be drunk on the premises. 3,276,576 and the persons licensed toaell beer not to be drunk on the premises, 330,804. No return is giren of the number of the persons who sold, on or off the premises, un- adulterated beer; and perhaps there would be some difficulty infindingany figures to fill a column set aside for this purpose. COUNTY CLARE FRIEZE."—Notes and Queries says that about a mile and a half from the town of Qprofin, county Clare, near the bridge of Athnalabba, iFa well of mud of a deep blue-black colour. There is no water, or at least only a stratum of it a few inches deep. This mud is used by the peasantry to dye the home-made frieze and the worsted thread used for knitting stockings, &c., and is carried to a consider- able distance for that purpose. The cloth, &c., is boiled in this mud mixed with water, and the peculiar colour of the "county Clare frieze" is thus produced (each county has its own coloured frieze); sometimes a particular seaweed found on the coast is mixed with this mud to produce a different shade of colour. There is always a considerable bubbling up of gas from the welL COURT CIRCULAR OF HONOLULU.—(From the Honolulu Chuette.) —His Majesty is enjoying exceeding good health at Molokal, and is very much interested in branding the calves of his large herd of cattle there. IN MEMORIAM.—M. Emile de Girardin pub- blishes in La Liberte the following characteristic notice of a deceased friend :— He who was my lifelong friend from the day of my birth, and without cessation—Edouard de Vabarm", son of Madame Tallien, born before she became Princess Joseph de Chimay —passed away this morning, as he had always lived, with a smile upon his lips. It might be said that death spared him, as in removing him from among us it concealed its ap- proaches. and left him unaware of its coming. The numerous patients of Dr. Cabarml-hil numerous friends—will regret him but none will regret him so deeply as myself, for friends who have remained faithful to each other from the cradle to the grave become real brothers. It is, therefore a brother whom I have lost to-day. He preceded me in life by four or five years. He was my senior. His death shows me the road by which I must shortly follow him." TERRIBLE SUFFERINGS AT SEA.—The last majl from Bombay brings news of the death from starvation of 21 of the crew of the ship Mariana. Captain Stuart, of the ship Tweed, which left Bombay on the 2nd of April for England with a number of invalided troops, reports on the 7th, when in lat. 9 N., Ion. 69 E., he fell in with the ship Mariana, of Chittagong, which vessel had signals of distress flying, Captain Stuart bore his ship to, lowered one of his boats, and boarded the unfortunate vessel. On going on deck a fearful spectacle presented itself. No fewer than twenty-one of the crew were dead, many others were sick, and the vessel was without provisions or water, and had been so for some days previous to being spoken by the Tweed. Arrangements were at once made for putting matters in order on board the Mariana, and during the twelve hours which the Tweed was hove to, a quantity of pro- visions, stores, water, and medicines were transferred to the Mariana; after which the vessels parted corn" pany. NOT VERY LIKELY !—Notwithstanding the im- probability of the step there are still rumours of the intention of the French Government to remove the barrier which prevents the exiled Princes returning; 0 their native land. Figaro says that in granting this authorization Napoleon III. would be merely throwing open the doors of France to his cousins. It is known that the First Napoleon, al er big marriage with the Archducbess Louisa, sometimes ventured to pity the fate of is poor uncle Louia XVI." One day Napoleon, approaching Maria Louisa, niece of Mwie Antoinette, said, in presence of the whole Court, ♦'Madame, I announce to you that we have another cousm; the Duchess of Orleans has just been delivered of a Prince at Palermo." Thia Prince, who was afterwards thrown out of bis carriage and killed, WM the eldest brother of the D"ke °f Nemours, the Prince de Joinville, the Duke of Aumale, and the Duke of Montpensier, DEATH OF A CENTINARIAN.—MH- Sarah Plum- ridge, of Touchen end, in the ParlB,h raf' ne" Windsor, died on Tuesdav in la9' week at the advanced age of 101. Had she lived till the 6th of next month she would have reached her 102nd year. The deceased was the widow oflm agricultural labourer, and had for *onie time na^t been living upon an income derived from the savings of herself and husband. # Just before PL 1 Oneen, who had been informed bv ri^w xprw*'1»V," b« Majarty, p.id l accompanied by Princess Beatrice, and con- Shortly the rtd, her'MaS; Presented to Mrs. Plumndge a photograph containing portraits of herself and Princess Louise and a bnst of late Prince Consort, which the old lady had ever since highly prized as a memento of the royal visit. She has actually had her usual good health and her clearness of intellect till a few days since, when she failed and suddenly sank. She has left her property to her nephews and nieces,,

#wr ynniton Corwspimtttttt (We deem it right to state that we do not at 801. timgf identify ourselves with our correspondents opinions.] "Permissive parliamentry tenant-right the most important amendment that has yet been moved in connection with the Irish Land Bill, having been de. cisively rejected—the House deciding by 311 to 29, that perpetuity of tenure must not be entertained, there remains nothing to prevent the Commons sending the bill up to the Lords but the formal third reading, and we may now hope that the measure is pretty sure to pass this session. This gives greater chance of the Government Education Bill being carried, though this result is by no means certain. The parliamentary vent that has lately aroused more interest than the above or any other subjects is the discussion on the la-reek massacres. This was looked forward to with grsat interest but the result at present is rather dis- appointing. The debate, however, clearly shows that 1 he Government have taken a judicious coarse hithertc, and that all that can be done, will be done to maintain the honour of tho country, to obtain justice, and to preclude such awful atrocities for the future. An important subject will probably be eagerly dis- cussed in the House of Commons, on the 17th of next month, when Mr. M. Torress will move "that the continued want of employment among those who live by wage labour in many of the great towns of the kingdom calls for the special consideration of this House, with a view to the means that may be best de- vised for the remedy of the same without delay." That such a motion is wholly uncalled for cannot well be asserted, but that it will lead to any practical result is very problematical. Probably Mr. Torrens looks to State aid te emigration as a remedy for want of em- ployment, but the Government will certainly, and the House probably, oppose any such a proposal beyond continuing to send out in transport ships some dis charged dockyard men and those depending on them but thia is quite an exceptional affair in favour of those who were Government employes, and therefore having a claim upon the State. It may be questioned whether there is any special ground for Mr. Torrens's motion. Of course, there is to some extent a continued want of employment, but the want is lessening, and emigra- tion will probably be carried on all through the sum- mer at high-pressure rate, thus relieving, to a large extent, the labour market at home. An agreeable fact may be mentioned, as indicating ndirectly the revival of trade. Last Friday's Gazette recorded only ten bankruptcies, and to counteract this there were four bankruptcies annulled. A gentleman having gone to a great deal of trouble to get a knotty point of cab law settled, writes to say that a metropolitan magistrate has decided that, although the new law (I thought there were two or three new laws, or at least sets of regulations) fixes a shilling as the minimum fare, the tariff being sixpence a mile, and sixpence for an extra person, the driver is only entitled to one shilling for driving three persons any distance up to one mile. Strangers arriving in London- Brown, Jones, and Robinson for example— and hiring a cab should take note of this, but it will require no little courage to act up to it. Depend upon it that cabby won't interpret the law in the same way. Few people can have read the account of the pre- liminary trial of the young man charged with attempt- ing to shoot Mr. C. Buxton, M.P., without coming to the conclusion that the prisoner is not right in his mind. On the other hand, had not the gentleman who was shot at had all his wits about him he would most probably have been killed. It must require some presence of mind, when a revolver or pistol is pointed at one, to throw oneself down on the ground. Those who know Mr. Buxton know that he is a kind-hearted man, and it in- cidentally appeared from this case that he treated Mr. White very well, and there can be little doubt that the latter will be found to have been legally irresponsible for his actions at the time of the attempted murder. If so, he is to be pitied for what he has been, is, and will be but in any case we may rejoice that an estimable man has not been assassinated. A fact oennected with the approaching meeting of the Female Medieal Society incidentally shows what progress the ladies are making in medical study. No less than 87 students, it is said, have taken part in the operations of the society during the past year. Although the laws of our hospitals prevent any lady from taking the degree of M.D., as is permitted in America, there is nothing to prevent any lady, with the necessary education, study, and perseverance, from obtaining a license from the Society of Apothecaries, and several ladies now possess that license, and make use of it, for all I know to the contrary. Those foolish Oxford students who played such fantastic tricks recently must now bitterly repent their wild folly, to give it no worse name. To rifle a library of its works of sculpture and painting, pile them up, cover them with combustible materials, and then set fire to them so that all were irretrievably spoilt, is very sorry fun. In several cases the offence has been traced to the offenders, and rusticating" and gating have followed but this is only part of the punishment. Depend upon it their good-natured friends will not forget to remind them of this extraordinary conduct for many a day to come. The efforts of the Government and of local autho- rities to put down gambling necessarily occupy much public attention, for many complicated questions arise out of these prosecutions but a new develop- ment of the passion for gaming is just now being talked of. It has been proved that there is a publiohouae here where boys regularly go to toss for halfpence I The keeper of the house has been fined 403., which is a very inadequate punishment for thus facili- tating this juvenile gambling. There were boys found there who had not passed the mature age of Dine I In some respects this youthfml gaming is worse than when adults engage in it, for while men generally (though not always) have the strength of mind to resist the temptation to robbery, from fear of the consequences, to obtain the means of gambling, boys are far more frequently tempted to steal with the same object. May, the month so dearly loved by the poets, who have said all sorts of sweet and charming things about it, is at present keeping up its high reputation. All but cloudless skies, soft balmy breezes, and genial sun- shine are all very grateful to us, or rather we are grateful for them. London contrasts disadvan- tageously with many continental cities in respeet to the beauties of nature, as all the world knows, but we have a few parks, and our suburbs are not wholly de- voted to brick and stucco; and parks and suburbs now look charming. The genial weather we have lately had suggests excursions, and clergymen, ministers, and others are beginning to appeal for funds to give the children a day in the country. And they will not appeal in vain. It is pleasant to give pleasure to others, and especially to children. Tens of thousands of Lon- don children never see anything of fields and rural scenery but once a year when they are taken out, by railway or vans, to some country spot where they can heartily enjoy themselves amidst the beauties of Hature. And this one day's treat is really important in another respect; it ia the greatest inducement that superintendents and teachers can offer in endeavour- ing to obtain scholars. Many a school prospers with such a treat, while it would fail without it. The day's outing therefore is a great auxiliary to education. The editor is to most persons a kind of myth or abstraction, but the editor of Punch was known, in one way or another, to almost everybody. In photo- graphers' windows the portrait o Mr. Mark Lemon was common; engravings of him as Fcdstaff familiarised the public with his face and figure and people generally bew that he was the editor of Punch. For nearly thirty years the gentleman whose death we now have to regret was connected with this periodical, and for the greater part of that time was its editor. And in that character he certainly deserves the highest praise. Mr. Lemon was universally liked by all who knew him, and his loss will be deeply deplored. He was a hard worker too. More than sixty dramatic pieces and about a hundred songs, besides numerous tales and sketches, prove that his life was far from an idle one. Very pleasant news arrives from Llandudno with regard to the health of Mr. Bright. He is gaining strength, it is said, every day, and takes his usual walks on the pier with increasing relish. The public in such matters aa thia know no party politics. Be it the most advanced Liberal or the most staunch Tory who is ill, if he have occupied a prominent place in the political world and gained respect for his personal qualities, wo all rejoice to hear of his progress towards perfect recovery. The Horse Show this year will, I believe, prove more attractive than ever. It is to open on the Satur- day following the Derby-day, and thousands of visitow to London will probably stay to have a look at it". There have been a great many more entries than could be acceded to, and the consequence will be that the horses exhibited will probably be finer than at any previous time. The exhibition of carriages and of articles connected with riding and driving will be very interesting, but perhaps the most attractive part of the show will be the leaping, especially that famous "water jump." Last year the crowds that visited the Agricultural Hall were immense, and thig year they bid fair to be even greater. This annual exhibition has not only ita attractions but its vses. A large part of it is in accordance with the name ef the place in which it is held, and crowds of our bucolic friends congregate in the department devoted to agricultural and horticultural implements, while ma MVf-fmay find much to interest her in ib» display of articles of domestic use. „

CONDEMNATION OF THE GREEK BRIGANDS. Athens, May 22 (Evening).—The trial of the brigands implicated in the late massacre at Oropos took place yesterday, and, after fourteen hour5' dur- ation, resulted in a sentence of death against all prisoners, seven in number.

THE PRACTICE OF PAINTING. Sir Digby Wyatt delivered a lecture in the Fitswilliam Museum, Cambridge, on Friday afternoon, before a distin- guished company of ladies and gentlemen, upon the practice of painting. The former part of his remarks applied to the ancients how they produced dark shadows upon a surface that was light, and having given various instances of the methods adopted for placing dark images upon a light ground, he said the process was seen in the boy first drawing upon a slate, and then upon paper with a pencil. It was at this stage that we arrived at the primitive pictures of the Egyptians. It appeared, how- ever, that individual personation was first carried into effect by the Abyssinians. He treated of the styles ad opted by the Greeks, and then of the materials used in painting, but, so far as processes went, it seemed that those used in ancient days were also used in the present. He spoke of the importance of education to the artist, who should have his eye, his mind, and his hand educated; he should first learn to draw, then to copy others. Drawing from objects was excellent practice, and it was at this stage of work that the mind of the artist would become most actively employed. To be successful the artist must be able to to use his brush as to give a natural effect to his pic- ture there must not be too much light or too much shade; he must see in his mind what amount of colour is required and how to apply it. The difficulty was to know how much dark to assign. He who would learn to draw correctly must learn to draw slowly, for if he got into a rapid habit he would not draw correctly and his productions would be worthless. He con' sidered the practice of using charcoal to be a very excel] lent one. Iu the drawing of a picture it was most essen* tial to know how much high light it would admit, and care must be taken that transparent tints were intro- duced where transparency was required. Some sur- faces will reflect light, others will absorb it, and, therefore, great difficulty would be at first experienced in giving expression to darkness in the expression of colour. The difficulty of dealing with high light was in the calculation of the amount of colour which surfaces would bear. The artist would find no better practice than copyingtintsprepared by others, and thus by imitation would find out the amount of colour and light each tint would bear. He dwelt upon the demerits and merits of the works of artists. The demerits were when a picture excited pain, when the representation failed to lead the mind to anything, when nature was distorted, when there was a want of harmony of colour, when the truth of colour was not represented, and when there was a representation of some grand and good idea in a mere miniature form. The merits consisted of a just representation of form, race, age, and natural features of humanity; of all that was beautiful without flattery, of dignity where dignity of expression was required, and vigour where vigour was necessary; in fact, for a picture to be true, it must be correct to nature.

A Western lecturer is delighting his audiences with Dirt, Death, aad the Devil."

THE PRACTICAL JOKES AT OXFORD. The Times of Tuesday, in a leader animadverting, on the stupidity of the jokes, the folly and thoughtlessness of the perpetrators, and the absence of that super- vision of Masters and Tutors which might naturally be expected at such a seat of learning as Oxford Univer- sity, says :— The sentence of the Governing Body of Christ Church upon the perpetrators of the recent outrage has been pronounced, and, as was to be expected, it Is a severe one. Three ot the Undergraduates who were concerned In the offence have been expelled, and the rest have been rusticated for various terms. It cannot be questioned, even by the friends of the ycung men thus disgraced, that they had justly provoked a heavy punishment. It will have been observed with satisfaction that by surrendering their names and confessing their guilt the offenders offered the only moral reparation in their power. It would, indeed, have been better had this been done more promptly. Frank confession and apology have always been tho redeeming virtues in youthful faults. Something, no doubt, may in this case be allowed to the natural alarm of the offenders on becoming awake to the gravity of their offence. The confession, however, was made, and we understand a proper desire was expressed to make every material repara- tion that might be possible. But the offence was too flagrant to be condoned, and we are reluctant to question the discre- tion with which the authorities have discharged a painful duty, which they owed both to their Society and to the whole University. It is very necessary, however, if the affair is to be properly treated, that its significance should be more carefully estimated than was natural in the first moments of just resentment. It is very easy to denounce such an offence, but it Is much more important that its true character should be understood, while it is only fair to the young men, who are now suffering a heavy penalty, and to their families, that their fault should not be exaggerated. Thy will themselves feel keenly that in one respect it is impossible to extenuate their conduct. They have committed an act of folly which dis- credits not only themselves, but their Society and their Univer- sity. Account for it or explain it as we may, the fact must remain as a blot upon a famous English seat of learning that its students wantonly destroyed some of its artistic treasures. Christ Church may well feel peculiarly Indignant at an in- jury inflicted on the House by members of its own body; but even in the College itself the feeling of corporate loss will be subordinate to a sense of the public discredit of such an act. But this very point Indicates a qualify ing consideration which should be borne in mind, it cannot be supposed by anyone who is practlcaJIy ac- quainted with Oxford, or who is conversant with the details of this affair, that the act was maliciously perpetrated. There cannot have been a design to rob the Library of choice bllsta and statues, and to destroy valuable works of art. ^n fact, the very circumstances of the outrage prove not only that it was unpremeditated, but that its real nature was not recognised at the time by its perpetrators. The whole affair was the work of two sets of men, unconnected with each other. One set broke into the Library, took out the busts and stal ues, and placed them in position in the quadrangle, the figure of Venus being placed in the centre of the group." So far it wa^i a stupid freak; but not beyond the traditional pranks of Undergraduates. A broken pane of glass re- presented all the mischief done. Later in the evening or night another set came in, to whom, upon the sight of the marbles in this singular position, the mad id ea of illuminating them occur- red, and forthis purpose they arrangeda bor,fire around them. This was wanton and discreditable mischief, but it is a very different thing from breaking into the Library for the express purpose of destroying its treasures. The young men, probably, were as much horrified as the public to find that, instead of smoking the marble, they had reduced it to lime. In short, the wilful destruction of a bust of Gaisford and a Byzantine Venus is incredible, even in mad Undergraduates. What we see in the outrage is the stupid freak of a childish folly. It is the kind of thing one would not be greatly surprised at in i¡zn0rant schoolboys permitted to lark" in a museum. The silly lads would not wilfully do grave damage, but they are too ignorant or thoughtless to reflect on the harm they are inflicting. As Burke said that a spider is very well as a spider, but would be intolerable if he grew to be an ox, so we may say that a schoolboy is very tolerable as a schoolboy, but is unbearable and michievous in the shape of an Undergraduate. He has the opportunities of doing ten times the harm, and he Is ten times more uncon- trollable. After a certain age mere schoolboyishness, indeed, becomes culpable but it falls short of crime. These young men have committed an act of folly and stupidity for which they deserved severe punishment; they have gone to the edge of criminality, but they ought not to be regarded as having passed it. We presume all the circumstances of the outrage were under the cognizance of the Governing Body, and we do not desire that the sentence just passed may in any degree be reconsidered. We are glad, however, to understand that all idea of subjecting the offenders to a criminal charge has been already abandoned. Expulsion from College is an extremely heavy punishment to a young man, and is sufficient for an offence which is distinctly one of childish wantonness rather than of adult malice. It must be added that a great part of the responsibility for the outrage must be laid at the door of the authorities themselves. In the first place, it is difficult to understand how, if they were reasonably vigilant, statues and busts could have been burnt in one of the Principal Quadrangles of the College without observation or interference. But if the Tutors keep such good hours and sleep so soundly, one would have thought they might have taken the simple pre- caution of directing the three principal Quadrangles of the House to be patrolled during night. But they are above all responsible for the tone of mind among the Undergraduates which has at length broken out into this discreditable act. The Undergraduates have remained schoolboys by the default of the authorities, aud because heads and Tutors have made light of offences which only differed from the present in having less irreparable results. Lads are in the first place kept at the public schools, and allowed to live the life of boys, when they ought to be learning the responsibilities of men. They go up to the University with a boy's mind in a man's body, and the authorities neither influence nor control them. Discipline in Oxford has almost disappeared within the last ten years. And the games of school play hours have taken the place of grave studies and of manly thought. The authorities have followed the easy course of leaving the young men to themselves as far as appear- ances would permit, and they now suffer the natural conse- quences in this unfortunate act of vandalism. Parents have for years been complaining of the indifference of College Tutors, and they will remember their experience with their own sonl in judging of this occurrence. They will reflect that if their own boys passed respectably through the University it was due but in slight measure to the super- vision of Heads of Houses and Tutors, and their opinion, consequently, will not support the authorities in throwing all the blame and the disgrace of what has occurred upon the young men whose folly has 80 lamentably betrayed them. The severe punishment which has been inflicted will act as a salutary warning to Undergraduates; but the occurrence ought also to mark the commencement of a stricter administration, aud of a more vigilant dis- charge by governing bodies of the jmportaIlt duties they nominally unotitake. It is more than time, in fact, that the predominance of athletic sports and of mere physical enjoyment gave way to the studious and thoughtful habits which are to be expected in a place of learning, and which become those who aspire to be men." At the age at which young men go to the Universities their animal spirits are at the highest, and are but too apt to develope into rowdyism unleis they are held in check by discipline and ntudy. But Oxford now seems to resemble an over- grown public school, in which the boys are always at play, and the masters care only to free themselves from all inconvenient restraints. In a word, these young men have committed a grievous offence, and have been severely punished But, for our part, we feel as lncignant against the administration which rendered such an outrage possible as against the childish perpetrators of a piece of stupid mis- chief.

===-- DEATH OF MR. MARK LEMON. We regret to have to announce the death of Mr. Mark Lemon, which took place at his country residence, at Crawley, Sussex, on Monday morning last. Mr. Lemon had been out of health for some weeks, and had been desired by his medical advisers to abstain from business, bat there had been no anticipation of a fatal result, and on the previous day he wrote and dictated letters, one of which was an invitation to a friend to visit him anr day- Mr. Lemon was in his eixty-firgt year, having been born in London in 1809. He very early devoted himself to the pursuit of liteiature, and began as a writer for the stage, to which he contributed nearly sixty light dramatic pieces, sotue of which were in their time very popular, though of course the recollection of most of them has passed away now. Besides writing for the stage, he was himself a most accom- plished amateur performer, and as a member of the Guild of Literature and Art, constantly acted in aid of its funds. Very manycf our readers will no doubt recollect the consummate humour and keen sly drollery with which he a short time since gave his readings of the character of Falstan. In this impersonation—he was accustomed to say that nature had fitted him for the character—he was inimitable. He was one of the group of authors who, with Uouglax Jen-old, Thackeray, Mayhew, and Gilbert a Beckett decided on establish- ing Punth, with the aid of the great humourist of drawing—Leech. On the retirement of Mr. Henry Mayhew he became chief editor of our satirical con- temporary, and held the post up to the time of his sudden death. Mr. Mark Lemon used also to be at one time a constant contributor to Household Wordt, and some of the most amusing papers in it were from his pen. He was a mau or the moat genial tempera- ment and one who had the rare, faculty of at once per- ceiving literary abilities and sincerely trying to bring them forward. The idea of petty jealousy never found a place in his mind, and he was only too proud of the success of the young men whom he introduced into the walks of literature.

THE GREEK MASSACRE. Additional correspondence respecting the capture and murder by brigands of British and Italian sub- jects in Greece has just been published. It consists of the following papers No. l.—THE EARL or CLARENDON TO SIR H. ELLIOT. "Foreign-office, April 29, 1870. Sir,—As you will probably touch at Atheus on your way from Brindisi to Constantinople, I think it necessary to caution you, under existing cjpnmstances, not to allow your visit to be considered by tW Greek Govarnme&t as one of compliment. The state of affairs may very well account for your seeking to confer with Her Majesty's Minister. But if you should come into communication during your stay in the Greek capital with any of the Greek Ministers, or other influential persons you will not hesitate to say that the intelligence of the massacre of the party of British sub- jects by the brigands near Oropos has been received by the Queen, by her Government, and by the British people, with feelings of the greatest grief and honor. These feelings you will not disguise from the King, if you should be received by His Majesty though you will at the same time make known to His Majesty that Her Majesty's Government f ally appreciate the kind sympathy which he has shown on this melancholy occasion, which, however, know- ing well his amiable character and his friendly feelings towards this country, they could not doubt would be felt by His Majesty. I am, &c., (Signed) CLARBHDON." No. 2 and No. 3 are extracts of letters from Sir H. Elliot to the Earl of Clarendon. In No. 2, dated Constantinople, May 9, 1870," Sir H. Elliot says:— "On arriving at the Piræu31 received your Lordship's tele gram directing me to be careful tbat my visit to Athens should not have the appearance of a complimentary mission, and I did not fail to let it be known that I had merely called there in passing without any political object whatever. "I paid a visit to M. Valaority, the Minuter for Foreign Affairs, in company with Mr. Erskine, in the course of which he repeatedly expressed his determination to leave no stone unturned in the discovery of the instigators of the late atro- cious outrage, and in the punishment of those engaged in it." In No. 8, which bears the same date. Sir W. Elliot describes an interview he had with the King, in which he showed the utmost emotion in speaking of what had occurred. No. 4.-THE EARL OB CLARIKDON TO MR. BRSKIUB. Foreign-office, May 18, 1870. Sir,—Her Majesty's Government have learnt with much surprise, from your telegram of yesterday, that a discussion is going on as to the presence of Mr. Cookson and Mr. Allen at the inquiries in progress having reference to the late murders, and as to their taking part, as advocates, in the examination of parties charged with complicity therein, and freely cross-examining the witnesses. If any difficulty should be raised you will insist on their right to do so, as appearing on behalf of the British Government, which represents the murdered British subjects, and you will say that neither Her Majesty's Government nor the British nation will be satis- fied if any obstruction is thrown in the way of the British lawyers. You will be careful that the evidence is correctly taken down, and, If such a person is to be found in Athens, you may employ a shorthand writer.—I am &c,, (Signed) CLARENDON." No. 5.—-LETTER FROM MR. IRSKIHE TO THE EARL OF CLARENDON.—(Received May 20). With this letter dated Athens, May 8, 1870, Mr. Erskine transmits the following copy of a journal kept by the late Mr. Herbert, from the day of his cap- ture until the morning of that on which he was mur- dered. He states that it was placed in his hands on the morning of the 7th of May by Mr. Consul Merlin, who had received it from the wife of the courier Alexander, and who stated that she found it in a basket containing old newspapers. Mr. Erskiue adds that he had re- quested M. Yalaority to have the woman summoned before the proper authorities, in order that she may ex- plain how and when this document came into her pos- session. and why she did not produce it before. The original has been forwarded to the Earl of Carnarvon. Enclosure in No. 6. "Monday, April 11.-5.30 for Marathon. Returning through Raphini, 4.30 met Arvanatakis, Ac. Ladies re- leased 8.30. Wandered all night over Pentelicus. Devil's supper—three lambs and wild tinging. Arrived on a northern spur of Pentelicus about 4.5 a.m. Tuesday.—Quiet all day. Troops passed in sight twice. Started at sunset; failed to meet the guide for Muncaster marched with occasional halts (as on preceding night) across the plain to the west. Principal halt for two hours or more in the rain, very cold under trees. Got on a spur of Parnes to spend- Wednesday.—About 12 Muncaster left with a shepherd, and after a wtt day in the wood we moved a little south to a hut where we had a good lire, and in the evening Boyl's ser- vant came with letters and supplies. Thursday —Remained in our hut looking over the plain to Athens and Pureus. In the evening Dionysio came with suppliesandtmissarles of Government, who treated all night with the captain. Friday.—After departure of Dionyslo we rode through the Pasts of Deceleia (fine view of Tatovi) by a guard-house to the north. Came upon a detachment of twenty soldiers; officer came and fraternized with us. Afterwards marched four or five hours on foot to a Wallach village above Oropos and comfortably lodged. Saturday. — Remained quiet. Visited Acropolis of Oropos. Received letters by emissaries in the evening. No news. 'Sunday.—Went with brigands to mass in the village. Called on Demarch, and remained in our quarters. "Monday.—Wet and miserable as usuaL No move. Dionysio and Gleissner came at night with letters and pro- visions. Things remain unchanged. "Tuesday.—March about noon an hour up to Oropos. Lodged in a good house, and heard from Noel that he wa* coming to see us; also heard that Colonel Thtaggnis would come from Athens next morning. Wednesday —Noel appeared very early, having slept at the Scala, it being too wet to come up. Then arrived Colonel ThgagSnis with instructions from Athens. Terms rejected by brigands as usual. The colonel announced ter- mination of armistice, which A. considers breach of faith. We wrote to Athens accordingly. Thursday.—Noel left. Letters from Athens — nil. Captain determined to across over in spite of yesterday's warnlng. No. 6.—LETTER FROM MR. ERSKINE TO THE EARD OIl CLARENDON.—(Received May 20.) This letter is dated Athens, May 11, 1870. Mr. Erskine says he was informed by M. Valaority that the trial of the prisoners would be held in about a fortnight or three weeks. If convicted they would be executed with the least delay allowed by law, and he had been told that eighteen other condemned murderers and brigands would be executed at the same time in dif- ferent parts of the country. The trial of the other per- sons implicated in the affair would be proceeded with in a more leisurely manner—examining Judges being on a tour in the neighbouring provinces collecting evi- dence and arresting persons supposed to have been in league with the brigands. No. 7.—LETTER FROM MR. ERSKINE TO THE EARL OP CLARENDON.—(Received May 20.) In this letter, dated Athens, May 12, 1870, Mr. Erskine says that, on the receipt of Lord Clarendon's telegram of the 6th inst., he addressed a note to M. Valaority requesting that he or Mr. Watson might be allowed to be present at the examination of prisoners or others concerned in the late act of brigandage, with the right of cross-examining them, should they think fit to du so. Mr. Erskine stated that at the same time he consulted M. Damaschino, the legal adviser of the Legation, as to the possibility of this demand being conceded by the Government. He said that, strictly speaking, the Code of CrinAal Procedure. which was compiled by M. Maurer on the accession of King Otho, did not absolutely recognize such a right even in the case of interested parties but that some latitude was left to the examining Judge, aad that if Mr. Erskine were examined by the Procureur du Roi as witness on some point of the case, the Judge might subsequently, at his discretion, allow him to be present at any of the preliminary proceedings. Her Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople having inquired, by desire of Lord Clarendon, whether Mr. JJrskine wished for the assistance of a lawyer from Constantinople, be had replied that a clever lawyer who could speak Greek would be most acceptable. If one was sent he would place the matter entirely in his hands, and act by his advice; but if no person exactly suitable could be found, he should be quite satisfied to be guided mainly by M. Damaschino, an Ionian by birth, who had received an excellent legal education at Paris, and who was Professor of French Law at the University of Athens. Mr. Erskine encloses M. VaJaority's answer to his note of May 9, which is dated Athens, 12th of May, 1870, and in which he states that he had lost no time in communicating with the Minister of Justice, from whom he had received the following reply :— Aux termes de la lol, l'lnstruction criminelle est essen- tiellement secrSte, et elle a lieu en prftaence de la personne a interroger, du Juge Instructeur, et du Gremer, & 1' exclusion de toute autre personne. Cette defense est tenement absolue que la loi ne permet ni la partie civile d'assister aux operations de l'lnstruction. La presence d'un autre tfimoin n'est que par exception autorisee, dans Ie calaeulement oil il s'agirait de confronter ce tfimoin à un autre (Arts. 72 126, et 303 du Code d' Instruction Criminelle). Mon collSgue au DSpartement de la Justice en conclue avec regret que les termes de la 101 s'opposent iI. ce que, conformSment aux instructions que vous avez reques de Lord Clarendon, vous, ou M. Watson vous assistiez 3, l'lnterrogatoire des dStenus ou des autres individus qui se trouvent impliques dans Ie crime atroce du massacre des trois Anglais pres d'Oropos." No. 8.—LETTER TROM Mja., EKSKINH TO THE EARL OF CLARENDON. Mr. Erskine in this letter writes, under date of Athens, Ma.y 12, that although intelligence had been received daily of the destruction of notorious brigands in various parts of the country, no trace had been dis- covered of Takos or his band sincere 23rd ultimo.

An inquest has been held on the body of Williams, when the evidence given showed that he was of un- sound mind, and the jury returned a verdict to that effect.

SOLIDIFIED CHLOROFORM. A new medicine has been recently introduced by Liebreich, of Berlin, which reminds us of the sleep- stuff described in Mr. Helps's Realmah." It has proved to be of great value in the hands of qualified practitioners, and has sprung rapidly into use. It is, so to speak, a kind of solidified chloroform, or, more accurately being taken as other medicines are taken it gives off chloroform in the living body. The chloroform thus liberated produces sleep, and the sleep thus pro- duced lasts for many hours. The action and capabili- ties of this valuable remedy are being extensively tested, but it • is in America, that, with charac- teristic enthusiasm, the new remedy has been moat warmly received. One drug house reports that it had received orders for 100 pounds (30 grains being a medicinal dose), and had' none on hand, but expected a few pounds shortly from Germany. An- other house which had large orders was only able to obtain four ounces. It would seem that our American cousins welcome with singular earnestness this sleep- producing elixir. One of the remarkable properties of the hydrate of chloral is that the duration of the sleep may by its means be prolonged and limited with some exactness.