The Aberdare Times

SCENES FRDM THE BATTLES OF GETTYSBURG. For the first time during my residence in Secessia, it is my province to record"-writes the Times corres- pondent—" as having happened under my own eyes, a failure of the Confederate arms—a failure which has hitherto had no other result than to arrest the purpose which carried General Lee into Pennsylvania, but which, while wholly unexpected, is more likely to delay its execution than altogether to frustrate its ultimate design." From the aboye correspondent's letter we make the following interesting extracts "THE FLYING DUTCHMAN." The country in the immediate neighbourhood of Gettys- burg, remarkably English in its general aspect, is not unlike many portions of Surrey, especially reminding the spectator of the gently swelling banks densely clothed with trees which are found between the towns of Dorking and Reigate. About four miles west of Gettysburg, one of General A. P. Hill's divisions, commanded by General Heth, came upon a strong picket of Federals, thrown out by the 1st corps of their army, under the command of General Reynolds. To the north of the town, the divisions of Generals Rodes and Early, both belonging to General Ewell's corps, found them- selves face to face with the 11th corps of the Federal army, which, as the reader will remember, attained at Chancel- lorsville unenviable notoriety, as comprising within its ranks the I I Flying Dutchman," of whose flight it will be long before Carl Schurz, the German orator and Federal general, hears the last. Instinctively, and against the wish of General Lee, between the three Confederate divisions indicated, and the two corps of the Federal army, a hotly contested battle arose. The divisions of General Rhodes and Early were fortunate in lighting upon the 11th corps and experiencing a resistance which, though it compared favourably with the memories of Chancellorsville, was ill calculated to stem the flery attack of Stonewall Jackson's veterans. Again the Germans broke' and fled, but their swift retreat was not bloodless and unharmed, as it had been through the thickets and copsewood of Chancellorsville. Thickly and heavily shot and shell and musket balls fell with damaging accuracy upon their shrieking ranks, and it is the belief of many that if General Ewell, after driving his enemy for four miles and through the town of Gettysburg, had not, by superior orders, stayed the pursuit within the town itself, his vic- torious troops would have camped on the night of the 1st of July upon the top of that ridge which upon the two subse- quent days all the desperate efforts of the Confederates were inadequate to storm. A arrT.T/BVNr ■RU'TP/eiat A o U IjIjJIjJN rtiliixvlijAl. For the division of General Heth, opposed to General Reynolds and the First Corps of the Federals, a fiercer con- flict was in store. Standing firmly on his ground, General Reynolds met the Confederate attack unflinchingly, and it was not until bayonets were on the eve of crossing that several of his regiments, and notably the 24th Michigan and two regiments from New York and Pennsylvania (the latter said never to have been in action before), broke into sullen retreat, leaving about half their number dead and wounded on the ground. The retreat once commenced, knew neither pause nor stay until the the town of Gettysburg was gained and passed. Among its victims was numbered General Reynolds, one of the most active of the Federal Generals, who yielded his life upon the best contested field which, in the opinion of competent judges, the Grand Army of the Potomac" had hitherto known. THE "LIGNY" OF THE COMBATANTS. General A. P. Hill, no inexperienced witness, bore willing testimony to the gallantry with which the Federals fought. If the events of the two following days had not eclipsed the notice taken of the first day's struggle, much more would be said and thought of a Ligny which, though inexpensive to the Confederates, cost the Federals not less than 10,000 in killed, wounded, and missing. The large mass of Yankee prisoners, between 5,000 and 6,000 in number, the headlong retreat to which in the end their troops was driven,, the apparently fortuitous occupation by their army of a strong ridge in the rear of Gettysburg, conspired to induce the belief that little more was wanted than a vigorous onslaught on the morrow to drive the Federals from the heights and open the way without let or hindrance to Baltimore or Washington. But even on the night of the triumphant First of July warning voices indicating distrust and apprehension in regard to the strength of the enemy's position were not inaudible. EAGER FOR THE FRAY1 The gallant though premature achievement of'the troops of Generals Ewell and Hill, the memories of Bull Run, Man- assas, Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville, the impracticability of turning either Federal flank, the impatience of General Hood and his fine division, lightly engaged at Fredericksburg, and absent at Chancellorsville, combined to inspire the leading Confederate Generals with an undue contempt for their enemy, although he was fight- ing on his own toil, with his back to the wall, and in a posi- tion which for strength and eligibility for defence has not been surpassed during 27 months of warfare. It was deemed desirable not even to wait until one of the finest divisions of General longstreet's corps-the division of General Pickett -had joined the main body. Hope reigned triumphant in every Confederate breast; delay was likely to afford the Federals, whose activity with the spade has been repeatedly and marvellously manifested, time and opportunity for intrenching themselves ad libitum. A cry for immediate battle louder and more peremptory than ever ascended from the Highlanders of Claverhouse or Montrose swelled the gale-timid and hesitating counsels were impatiently discarded; and, as it appeared to me, the mature and cautious wisdom of General Lee had no choice but to float with the current, and to trust the enthusiasm of his troops to carry him triumphantly on the morrow over the heights which frowned darkly and menacingly in our front. GENERAL LEE ANXIOUS AND RUFFED I know not whether I am mistaken, but it struck me that both Generals Lee and Longstreet yielded reluctantly, and contre-coeur to the policy of pressing forward at once to this day's attack. Undoubtedly, General Longstreet would have preferred to wait for General Pickett, who would have joined him on the evening of the 2nd. General Lee struck me as more anxious and ruffled than I had ever seen him before, though it required close observation to detect it. When any check or failure is experienced, there spring to the surface so many" ifs," any one of which would have secured a differ- ent result, that on an occasion like this it would fill columns of this journal to give expression to them in language. Only in one solitary surmise shall I venture on this occasion to in- dulge. My impression is, that if no attack had been made on the 2nd of July, and that if on the 3rd General Pickett's division had been thrown upon the Federals in support of the divisions of Hood and M'Laws the heights would have been carried and held, although at considerable cost. As it was, neither upon the 2nd nor 3rd was the attacking force of General Longstreet large enough to reap the fruits of that victory which on both days they gained, but could not rea- lise. FIGHTING LONGSTREET .L. _l!I'' Repressing tne disposition 01 ms men to cheer him as he took his place at their head by the brief exclamation of Cheer less, men, and fight more," General Longstreet mounted upon the same charger he had ridden in a score of battle-fields, without either horse or rider, both recklessly and constantly exposed, encountering even a scratch, plunged into the thickest of the fight It was natural that one of the Federal prisoners brought back m this very charge by Wofford's Brigade should, upon learning that the big man who led the advance was none other than General Longstreet, have exclaimed, No wonder we are thrashed upon every field there is not in the whole of our army a Lieutenant- General who would have risked his life in such a charge." Against the first position of the Federals the advance of Longstreet's two divisions was completely successful; against the second and stronger position he had not men enough to essay seriously upon this day to prevail. THE AWFUL SIN OF WAR! Meanwhile, on the Confederate centre and left, Generals Hill and Ewell mingled in fierce conflict with their sternly- resisting enemy. Vain indeed would be the attempt to por- tray in language the scene which the Cemetery-hill, held by the Federal centre, and the lines of their right wing, lying immediately behind Gettysburg, presented to the spectator. If it had not been reserved for me to listen next day to a still more awful din, I should have fancied that no such scene had ever before saluted mortal eye or ear. A thick canopy of smoke, constantly rent by bright darting flashes of flame, cast its dense pall over the struggling, bleeding thousands who toiled and died in its centre while out- of the opaque gloom, as though from the bowels of the earth, one deep, prolonged bellowing roar never ceased to issue. Through the deepening twilight and on far into the night the fierce struggle continued, until in the gloom, the dazzling parabolas of flame, bursting into sparklingjets and corcuscations as the shells cracked and ex- ploded, made a ghastly pyrotechnic display. It was not until late in the night that it was learnt that the division of Rodes and Early had at one time actually carried a part of the Cemetery-hill, and had sent down a peremptory entreaty tor support to Generals Pinder and Anderson of A. P. Hill's jorps. But General Pinder lay at the moment desperately ( wounded. The request was, for some unknown reason, un- ] heeded by General Anderson. Rodes and Early fell back to ( their old positions, and the only advantage piined by the I Confederates consisted in the carrying by General I.ongstreet 1 of the first position of the Federals upon the extreme right of t the Confederate line. 1 THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW OF DEATH Between the first and second positions originally held by the Federal left, intervened a large bare sloping meadow, 1 nearly a mile in width. Across this Valley of the Shadow I of Death the Confederates' advance, committed to the divi- sions of Generals Pickett and Pettigrew, had no option but to proceed, swept by the concentrated fire of the countless 1 Federal guns, and exposed when nearing those guns to hail- 1 storms of musketry bullets. The distance was too great to 1 advance at the double it was necessary to move slowly and deliberately, that, as the men approached the batteries, there might be some dash left for the final onslaught. 1 THE MUSIC OF FOUR HUNDRED GUNS! In all, upon the Confederate side alone, there must have been a concert of about two hundred-guns. It can hardly J be doubted that their thunder was echoed back from a simi- ] lar number of pieces on the Federal side, and to the reader's 4 imagination must it be left to conceive the diapason of four hundred guns. The thundering roar of all the accumulated < battles ever fought upon earth rolled into one volume I could hardly have rent the skies with fiercer or more un- ] earthly resonance and din. Far back into the mountains the reverberations rolling from hill-side to hill-side startled strange and unusual echoes. Vast cumuli of cloud, such as would have shrouded ten thousand Homeric goddesses, had they cared in these days of villainous saltpetre to mingle in the melee, floated over the strife; horses, the suffering and tortured ministers of man's fury and wrath, lay thickly dead or horribly mutilated upon the ground; constantly from out of the white pall of vapour issued wounded and mangled men, and. rumours that this or that General was killed, that this or that regiment was re- duced to a corporal's guard, traceable to no authentic source, neither believed nor disbelieved by the listeners, rose as it were out Of the ground, until the spectator, a prey to that whimsical caprice which at moments of fierce and absorbing excitement seizes on men's minds, found himself wandering in thought to strange and far-off scenes, to happy valleys which had never seen war; and vaguely speculating how their echoes would awake and respond to such a thunderous din. GENERAL PICKETT'S TURN Precisely at one o'clock, responsive to trie warning sum- mons of two signal guns, the 140 pieces in the Confederate centre and right opened fire; nor were their voices hushed until forty minutes after two. Then came General Pickett's turn, and nobly did he spring to the head of his undaunted men, and marshal them to the attack. With long floating locks, with a seeming recklessness, which is, perhaps, partly assumed, but which stamps him of the Murat type, General Pickett, of more demonstrative courage than other Generals, but not less unflinching than his own sword, seemed as he advanced to lead his men into the very jaws of death. Slowly emerging into the open ground, with shells (singularly inef- fective, as it seemed to me, considering the apparently mur- derous precision with which they all burst) cracking and snapping over them at every stride, General Pickett's men seemed to take hours to surmount the mile of interval which divided them from the Federal batteries. THE CONFEDERATES ARE BROKEN. At length their destination is reached; with a wild yell they spring into the Yankee earthworks; astride of each Federal gun rides a Confederate soldier the group around General Longstreet congratulates him that the advance is a complete success, and for a few moments breath is drawn more freely. But the quick eye of General Longstreet dis- cerns that Pettigrew's division, upon whose almost simul- taneous advance depends the retention by Pickett of the cap- tured guns, is in confusion. Upon their left, Pettigrew's men, when close up to the Yankee batteries, perceive a large column of Federals descending the hill to flank them. Retaining that fatal habit of thinking for themselves which is so pernicious to a soldier, the Confederates first halted, then got into con- fusion, then broke and fell back. The frightful damage from grape and canister which, shrinking at this perilous moment, they could not but sustain, was compared by an eye-witness of both scenes to the punishment inflicted on the Federals from the heights of Fredericksburg in December last. In vain did General Longstreet send Major Latrobe to General Pettigrew, shortly before the latter's troops broke, urging him in military language "to refuse his left"—that is, to meet the flanking column by a line thrown obliquely out to meet it. Major Latrobe's horse was shot as he sped on his message, and on foot he could not get up to General Petti- grew in sufficient time to instruct and guide him. A SAD DAY FOR VIRGINIA'S REMEMBRANCE. When Pettigrew and his men fell back, the flanking column of Yankees, meeting with no resistance, swept round until they approached and overlapped Pickett. Then, and not till then, he commenced to give way. Hide, blushing glory, hide" the cost of that retreat. Out of a division of 4,300 men he brought out, in the first instance, about 1,500, though I believe that another 1,000 straggled im the next day. His three Brigadier-Generals lay dead or desperately wounded upon the field: out of all his field officers only one major came out unwounded: eleven out of the thirteen colours, which he carried into action, were lost. Since the commencement of this war I know no division on either side which has ever made so resolute an advance, or been so rudely or murderously handled. Long will the 3rd of July be remembered in anguished Virginia, from which State almost all Pickett's division was drawn. General Pickett and his staff, all of whom miraculously escaped, were torn by grief at the loss of friends known for a lifetime, but doubly and trebly endeared by the common perils and sufferings of these last two years. SAD, BUT CONSOLING CHEERS FOR .THE BEATEN GENERAL. But if at an earlier stage of this letter I fancied that less than his usual calmness was visible in General Lee's face, all trace of cloud and anxiety passed away in this the hour of our deepest gloom. Riding from knot to knot of the straglgers, with kind, firm, calm words encouraging the disheartened, rallying every man who could carry a musket or was only slightly wounded, he infused confidence and spirit into his men at the moment which of all others is most trying to volunteers. General Willcox, riding up to him with tears in his eyes, exclaimed General, I have tried to rally my men, but as yet they will not stand." General Lee responded, Never mind, General; the fault is all mine. All that you have to do is to help me to remedy it so far as you can." If any testimony to the affection and confidence inspired by General Lee were wanting, it might be found in the cheers issuing from the interior of ambulances as they passed him, bearing their ghastly load of wounded to the rear. This scene was witnessed by Colonel Fremantle, of the Coldstream Guards, who has returned to England, leaving behind him many a friend in the Confederate army, which he has accom- panied for the last three weeks.) THE STRUGGLE OVER. After the repulse of General Pickett's division the struggle was virtually over. It is true that on; he extreme Confede- rate left General Johnson, of Ewell's corps, captured a hill which would have been important had complete success at- tended Longstreet's attack. As it was, both armies, fear- fully exhausted by their losses, fell back on the night of the 3rd, to commence on both sides preparations for retreat on the 4th; the initiative in retreating, as was subsequently be- lieved, having been taken by General Meade. The incidents of the day's battles, the struggles of individual companies, which, to borrow Napoleon's expression, "belong rather to the biography of a regiment than to the history of an army," would fill a volume. Suffice it to say, that while the particulars of the Confederate loss being more known to me are given in more detail, there is abundant evidence that the Federals, with their heavy columns of troops massed behind their batteries, and fearfully exposed to artillery fire, suffered a loss as unprecedented as was the Valour which, for the first time in its existence, the Grand Army of the Potomac on this occasion displayed.

DEATH OF LORD CLYDE. In recording the death of Lord Clyde we have to record the death of a brave and gallaut soldier, one who had seen service," and whose name is embalmed in the memories of his countrymen. The nation will doubtless accord to his remains tlu, mark of respect and gratitude due to their most faithful servants. No better soldier has ever been borne within the sacred walls of our Christian Pantheon. When England needs one to defend her flag, to vindicate her honour, and to uphold the renown of her arms, may she ever find a champion as trusty, as pure, and as true as Colin Campbell Lord Clyde !—We take the following interesting particulars respecting him from the Times He had reached, imdeed, the full term of human life, and perhaps his friends have no right to expect that in the ordinary course of things he could be long spared to them; but the energy which was ready to start for India at twenty-four hours' notice is still fresh in the memory of every one, and Lord Clyde's name would three months since have only recalled the strong and steady hand which suppressed the Indian mutiny, and the well-earned honour which hehad only begun to enjoy. Few persons connected his name with any thought of age or decline, for there had been nothing of either in his public acts. Indeed, although he has passed away in the evening of his years, he is cut short in the noon of his fame and his powers. He had not been a General Officer ten years, and his commission as General only dates five years ago. His services as a Commander seemed only to have begun, and if he could have forgotten his age he might not unreasonably have looked forward to an ample time of honour, confi- dence, and high trusts. We, at least, should naturally have relied on him in any emergency, and should have felt more at ease in any danger to know that our interests were in such proved and unfailing hands. But it is otherwise ordered for him and for us, and no other satisfaction is left us but to pay that honour to his memory which in his lifetime his worth has too 1 o +■ £ » høn-nn f." r»r»mrr»QTir1 late begun to command. His life, though marked by no striking incidents, is very remarkable as a whole, and would have deserved attention and admiration evenif it had met with a less splendid close. When he entered the army as a mere lad in 1808, he was without name, without interest, and without money. It will probably be a startling lesson to many dissatisfied and grumbling subalterns to be told that at least till a late period of his life he never had anything to depend upon but his pay. Yet he lived as if he wanted nothing else, and his strict in- tegrity was unobserved in his complete contentment. He was a remarkable instance of the way in which sterling qualities of head and heart may win their way even in the ranks of the British Army. We are accustomed to pride ourselves on the fact that the highest honours of the two learned professions are open to the attainment of the humblest Englishman, but there is a prejudice, not, perhaps, unfounded, that it is otherwise in the army, and that money or interest, or both, are essential to high military rank. Yet Lord Clyde commenced his service as unassisted by wealth or friends as the most unknown and penni- less barrister or curate. Nor did he owe his ultimate reputation and success to the opportunity for any very extraordinary, services. He rose by the mere force of sterling ability, complete knowledge of his profession, sound sense, high honour, and an honest, industrious, and laborious performance of duty. These qualities alone, and unaided, made him a Field- Marshal, a member of the most distinguished Orders in Europe, and raised him to the English Peerage. On the 20th of October, 1792, there was born in Glasgow, or close by that city, then almost as quiet as in the days of Baillie Nicol Jarvie, a child in whose veins the gentle blood of the Highland lady commingled with that of the Lowland mechanic. No ray of hope or fortune illuminated his humble cradle; but by his own right hand, and by the exhi- bition of qualities which have raised nameless lads to fortune before now, that child came to fill a place among the fore- most soldiers and highest dignitaries of the day. At a very early age he was taken from Scotland and put to school abroad and in Bngland, and for many years he never revisited his native land. He came by his mother's side of a martial race, and in 1808, before he was sixteen years of age, one of his maternal relatives sent for him to come to London from a military school at Gosport, to enter the army. The boy's uncle was well known to the Duke of York, and his request for a commission for his sister's son was at once complied with. HE IS MADE A SOLDIER. Colin Campbell, now ensign in the East Norfolk Regiment, was at once taken to a military outfitter's—a pigtail was attached to the back of his head, a tight-fitting, epauletted, short-waisted, and coat covered with lace, a pair of leather knee-breeches, and betasseled Hessian boots were also duly provided for him, and he was sent off the same evening to Canterbury to join the 9th Regiment of Foot, which maybe said to have commenced its military career with the arrival of the young officer, as its colours, then virgin, were only about to be decorated with the names of the battles in which he first saw fire. He had no time to enjoy the pleasure of his fine uniform, for the regiment marched the next day to embark for the peninsula; and Lord Clyde was wont, when a war-seasoned veteran, to recall the miseries of his first march to Margate in his leather tights and Hessians, and to declare that he endured more pain in the unaccustomed, and it may be- added unsuitable, attire on that occasion than he ever knew in his long afterlife of march-making. HIS CONTINENTAL PROGRESS. Scarce landed from the transport which carried him from the shores of Spain, he was ordered off to participate in the shame, suffering, and disasters of the Walcheren expedition in 1809. The fever struck into his body so keenly that, until he went to China thirty years afterwards, "Walcheren," as he said, was with me every season." From Walcheren he returned to Spain in 1810, where, with fortune and guidance, he shared in the battle of Barossa in March, 1811, and the defence of Tarifain January 5, 1812; and in 1812 he was transferred to a corps of the Spanish army. In. 1813 he joined the Duke of Wellington's army again, and plunged into the thickest of the hard lighting which took place onthatmemor- able year. He had in his first year's service reached the grade of Lieutenant; and now, at the age of twenty-one, he had made a name for activity, courage, and determination, "which began to be heard throughout the army. He passed unscathed through Vittoria, the greatest of our victories after Waterloo, in that quarter of the century; but in the breach of St. Sebastian he was not so fortunate. He led a forlorn hope which rushed to the aid of the neglected stormers, and he received two wounds in that desperate encounter. On the 9th of November, 1813, he became a captain by brevet, and in that position the hero of St. Sebastian, who had now added to his wounds a bullet-path through the thigh, received at the passage of the Bidassoa, remained for twelve long years. It was not his habit to speak of small scratches, flesh wouuds, skin scars, and the like but it is believed that by the time he left France and proceeded to America, to serve against the Federal Govern- ment, in 1814, he bore as many marks as the body of the saint who gave the name to the fortress where Sir Colin's wounds spoke for and returned themselves against his will; for an actual sabre slice, a thorough bayonet stab, and an ingoing bullet put all modesty to shame and insisted on mention in the despatches. HIS EASTERN SERVICE. tuicii r -T .— "lilt uvuuwuu luauc n necessary for Great Britain to declare war against China in 1842, Colin Campbell, who had been gazetted as lieutenant- colonel ten years before, went out in command of the 98th, and for eleven months his regiment was packed aboard a man-of-war, with a neglect of all consideration for health and comfort, which cruelly avenged itself upon officers and men. From China to India is a common step, though it is not attended with benefit to the constitution. Colonel Camp- bell had a short repose in Hindostan, but it was broken by the outbreak of the Sikh war. At Ramnuggur, in Chillian- wallah, where, in directing a most important and timely movement, he was again wounded, and at Goojerat, he earned the name of an able general in addition to that of the thorough soldier. He did not conceal his ill opinion of the Indian army, and considered the Sepoys as the mere bamboo of the lance, which were valueless unless it were tipped with the steel of British infantry. In his conduct of operations against the Hill Tribes in 1851-2, he displayed his usual ac- tivity. THE RUSSIAN WAR. Colin Campbell was now, however, on the upward path, and, though he knew it not, his star was rising rapidly in the ascendant. The ship of the State drifted into the Russian war, and from her decks, in 1854, marched the Glasgow boy at the head of three kilted and plumed regi- ments which, fortunate in their chief and in their pla.e, won much honour with little loss at the Alma, and almost as much reputation, in so far as one of them was concerned, with no loss at all on the famous day of Balaclava, when the thin red line of the 93rd was opposed to the Russian cavalry. He had been gazetted a Major-General in 1854. In the October of the same year he was appointed to the colonelcy of the 67th Regiment. On the 4th of June, 1856, he was made Lieutenant-General. HIS SERVICE DURING THE INDIAN MUTINY. There was a sigh of satisfaction and content throughout the country when we were told that Sir Colin Campbell had, at a moment's notice, and with alacrity best described, per- haps, as Napierian, started off to take command of the forces engaged in putting down that which history will call the Great Mutiny. The impatient and ignorant civilians and their creatures have best described the nature of it in the nickname they applied to him of "Kuberdar," or "Take Care." He did "take care "-took care so well that no sur- prise of a single detachment, no capture of one solitary post stationed by him, ever took place. HIS RETIREMENT AND DEATH. When his labours in the field were over, he returned home to receive the acknowledgements of the whole country, the thanks of Parliament, the approbation of his Sovereign, and the honours he so valued as a soldier. At the review of the Volunteers at Brighton he took the command at the request of the higher powers; but after it was over he said it was his last day in the field, and he shaved off his moustache as a sign that he had retired from active service. A few months ago he had a severe illness, in which the lungs and heart were implicated, but the old shot and-steel-rent body resisted the attack of the great enemy, and to the delight of his friends he seemed to become nearly as well as ever he had been of latter years, and no one was more firm and vigorous for his years. Still he had causes of annoyance, which were, perhaps, unduly aggrandized by failings of nature. Appointed Colonel of the Coldstream Guards in 1860, Field-Marshal in 1862, Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde, had attained heights far beyond the flights of his highest ambition. At last came the illness of which he died, not perhaps as in his young days he would have desired, but as in his old age he would have surely sought to pass away- amid the tender cares and subdued sorrow of those who loved him well, and not the less that he had been the com- rade of the soldier whose family stood by his pillow. "HONOURS GATHER THICK" UPON HIM. The honours which were withheld from the soldier of for- tune in his vigour clustered thick upon his brow in his green old age. For his services in India he received, for the third time, the thanks of Parliament, and he was raised to the peerage by the title of Lord Clyde, with a pension of 2,0001. a year. In i860, too, he was allowed to exchange the colonelcy of the 67th Foot for that of the Coldstream Guards -ahighpraise in military honours, which becomes vacant by his death. The warn welcome of his country also awaited him wherever he appeared. The various public bodies of the country had indeed exhausted their honours upon him for his deeds in the Crimean war: the City of London could not make him free a second time of their ancient corporation, nor could the University of Oxford make him over again a Doctor of the Civil Law. But his name had become a house- hold word with all classes. The London populace flocked to see him wherever he appeared, and the reports of his curt, pithy sayings, more remarkable for their military sententious- ness than for politeness, were exactly of the kind that most appealed to their goodwill. With his own countrymen lie was, of course, an immense favourite. The cities of Edin- burgh and of Glasgow each presented him with the freedom • •Ile!r/e8Pec'ive corporations; and every burgh town he visited followed their example. The London Scottish Rifles applied to have the honour of having him as their honorary colonel. In every possible way admiration and esteem for the old hero was manifested, and his popularity continued undiminished to his death. lJUIUJ UliYDlS IN THIS tlUUSN., Though Lord Clyde took his seat in the House of Peers, he was not a frequent visitor to that august assembly, and a still more unfrequent speaker. He took little or no interest in the political questions of the day, and when he did attend, his favourite seat, we believe, was on the cross benches. Almost the only occasion on which he addressed their lord- ships was on the question of the amalgamation of the Indian with the Royal army. It will be remembered that the mili- y tary opinions were much divided on that subject, according Jhe officers happened to belong to one or the other branch H?e serv^ce- Lord Clyde, in common with the other officers of the Royal army, was strongly in favour of the amalgama- tion, and when the bill for accomplishing that object was before the Upper House, he supported the measure in a short speech. This, we believe, was Lord Clyde's only-it was certainly his principal—effort in his new capacity as an' hereditary legislator. For the last session or two, we believe, his lordship has not appeared in his place at all. Lord Clyde was never married. His title and his honours die with him j but his name will ever hold a conspicuous place in the annals of his country. HIS PERSONAL APPEARANCE. In person Lord Clyde was well knit, symmetrical, and graceful; but of late years his shoulders became somewhat bowed, though he lost little of the activity which was re- markable in so old a man. To the last his teeth remained full and firm in the great square jaws, and his eye pierced the distance with all the force of his youthful vision. His crisp, grey locks still stood close and thick, curling over the head and above the wrinkled- brow, and there were few ex- ternalsigns of the decay of nature which was, no doubt' going on within, accelerated bv so many wounds, such fevers! such relentless, exacting service. When he so willed it he could throw into his1 manner and conversation such a won- drous charm of simplicity and vivacity as fascinated those over whom it was exerted, and women admired and men were delighted with the courteous, polished, gallant old soldier. In the other mood he could be quite as effective.

The Globe, in its memoir of Lord Clyde, referring to his Crimean campaign, says He continued at his post while one general officer after another returned home; and their retirement made way for his appointment to the command of a division, having been appointed to the rank of major-general soon after the affair of the Alma, after a military service of forty-six years. On the death of Lord Raglan there were many who thought that he should have been appointed to the command, but he the death of Lord Raglan there were many who thought that he should have been appointed to the command, but he acquiesced in the promotion of General Simpson, who had come out a short time before as a chief of the staff. But when, on the resignation of General Simpson, the command was conferred on Sir William Codrington, an officer who, capable and meritorious as he was, had never seen a shot fired in anger till he came out to the Crimea, the slight thus implied was too much ^for the veteran, and he, at once returned to England. The War Office was unprepared for this explosion, and they could not lightly atford to lose the benefit of his services. It is said the Queen herself conde- scended to soothe the irritation of the offended veteran. She sent for him to Windsor, descanted on the high sense she entertained for his services, spoke of political objects to his immediate promotion, and deigned to request him to return. If that part.of the story be true the sequal may be guessed, but it was hfehlyi characteristic. Her Majesty's kindness; fairly overpowered the susceptible spirit of the veteran, and in an outburst of feeling he exclaimed, Your Majesty, if you ask me, I'll carry a musket in your service." It is needless to say that he returned to the Crimea and re- sumed his divisional c ommand, though the peace which soon after followed put an end to all further operations on that field of action.

THE HORRORS OF WAR. The following is taken from a letter written by a surgeon of brigade at Philadelphia:— July 9th, Kershaw's Infirmary.-The fortune of war has thrown me, with a large number of wounded, into the Federal lines. There are about 1,500 wounded Confederates in this vicinity (Gettysburg). We are in urgent need of everything lequisite for the sick and wounded, more especi- ally shirts, drawers, socks, &c., medicines of all kinds, lint bandages. If we are not supplied with these articles soon, God only knows what will become of us.

Another letter from Philadelphia says :— There are over eight thousand on the island (Fort Dela- ware), the hospitals crowded, and between 300 and 400 men on the bare floors.of, the barracks, not even a straw mattress under them. The surgeon says the hundred pillows and other things sent from here were a godsend. Everything except grey clothing will be thankfully received, and can be fully disposed of. It is very difficult to get money here. I write to you in the hope that you may be able to send some comforts for these suffering men. It is only like the rest of the Yankee inhumanity, to take men for whom they can not, or will not, provide common hospital necessaries. Be- sides this demand, the chaplain at the Chester hospital states that 1,000 of the most severely wounded are to be sent there, and he wants everything for them. Some two or three thousand have been sent also to an Island in the East River, most of them South Carolinians, and all in great destitution. Your hearts .would ache as mine does, if you knew all I hear and know is true of the sufferings of our poor people.

A Tady from the vicinity of Gettysburg writes:— July 13th.-We have been visiting the battlefield, and have done all we can for the wounded there. Since then we have sent another party, who came upon a camp of wounded Con- federates in a wood between the hills through this wood quite a large creek runs. This camp contained between 200 and 300 wounded men, in every stage of suffering, two well men among then} as nurses. Most of them had frightful wounds. A few evenings ago the rain, sudden and violent, swelled the creek, and thirty-five of the unfortunates were swept away: thirty-five died of starvation. No one had been to visit them since they were carried off the battlefield; they had had no food of any kind; they were crying all the time Bread, bread water, water One boy without any beard was stretched out dead, quite naked, a piece of blanket thrown over his emaciated form, a rag over his face, and his small thin hands laid over his breast. Of the dead, none knew their names, and it breaks my heart to think of the mothers waiting and watching for the sons laid in the lonely grave on that fearful battlefield. All of those men in the wood were nearly naked, and when ladies approached they tried to cover themselves with the filthy rags they had cast aside. The wounds themselves, unwashed and un- touched, were full of worms. God only knows what they suffered. Not one word of complaint passed their lips, not a murmur; their only words were, Bread, bread water, water except when they saw some of our ladies much affected, they said, "Oh, ladies, don't cry we are used to this." We are doing all we can; we served all day yesterday, though it was Sunday. This lady adds There were two brothers—one a colonel, the other a cap tain—lying side by side, and both wounded. They had a Bible between them. » —

SHOCKING MURDER IN WOLVER. HAMPTON. A terrible crime has been committed in Wolver- hampton. In Bilston-street there is a wide court, known as the barracks, but correctly as No. Four- court. Here there are about eight houses on either side. Upon the occupancy of one of these there en- tered, five or six weeks ago, a young man and woman, who seemed to obtain a livelihood by making and vending skewers made of iron wire. The woman ap- peared to be the most active in the calling, but she never made herself very sociable with her neighbours, and was observed to be very careful, when she desired only to go to the other end of the conrt, to lock her door. On the evening of Monday, now nearly a month ago, the woman locked the house door, and told a next door neighbour that she was going out, and if any one called they were to be told that she was gone into the country. A few days after her departure a respectable-looking woman came from Willenhall, a neighbouring township, and inquired for Mr. Williams, her son, who was alleged to be the tenant of the house, and who had passed for the husband of the woman referred to. The message left by the woman was delivered, and old Mrs. Williams desired that her son should be told to write to his mother, as she wished to hear from him. Since that, the quietude of the closed house has been undisturbed the shutters in the front room on the ground floor have remained closed, and the window of the front room up-stairs has been darkened by a thin muslin curtain and a coarse petticoat. Very offensive odours have for several days past annoyed the tenants right and left of the enclosed house, but in each case was attributed to some local cause in the respective houses. On Friday morning the neighbour with whom the message h..d been left by the woman-tenant became uncomfortably inquisitive, and expressing a wish to a neighbour that she should like to know what furni- ture was left in the house, Lees procured a key and opened the street door. On entering the house a strong stench seemed stirred by the air. Accompanied by a neighbour, another woman, she went up-stairs. Here the stench became so strong that she exclaimed, "There is some one dead in this house Proceeding a step or two further, she saw in the front room that which made her call out, Good God, come and see whatever it is." Mrs Smith ran up-stairs, but to do so required great moral courage on her part, so exceed- ingly offensive was the effluvium. On the floor of the room lay a mattress, and upon it there was stretched, covered over with a sheet and coverlet, what was evidently the corpse of an adult human being. Mrs. Lees, approaching to the foot of the bed, pulled off with some difficulty the quilt and sheet, for a portion of them was wrapped round and tucked under the head of the corpse. When the coverlet was drawn off, a scene indescribably repulsive lay before the searchers. On that mattress lay the blackened and decomposing body of a man literally swarming with and partially eaten by maggots. The b6ay was blackened, not with decay alone, and the steetsand mattress were discoloured, not simply by the progress of decomposition, but by what appeared to Have been hot gas tar poured upon it during life. With this upon the sheets, upon the mattress, and upon the; floor around the bed, blood was intermixed. The body- was found to be shockingly cut and mangled. i The deceased was the young man Williams, who had passed for the husband of the woman who lived with him, but who left the house on the occasion and under the circumstances above described.

The police are in possession of facts relative to this fearful occurrence which there is reason to conclude will lead to the detection of the criminal party or parties, if the post-mortem examination should make it necessary that that information should be acted upon. The deceased was supposed to have concealed about him at the time of his death a tolerably large sum of money for a man in his position of life. On the Wed- nesday before the Saturday night or Sunday, when he is supposed to have been murdered, his aged mother met him in the Wolverhampton market, and he told her that "he had received the money from those people; that he had it here (pointing to his side), and that he had hidden it because she (meaning the woman with whom he lived) should not again run off with it." It is difficult to conceive how the woman could have committed the murder-if murder at all-without the help of a man, unless indeed she first placed him entirely in her hands by the administering of a stupe- fying drug, for whilst he was a tolerably strong man of 26 years, she was of delicate constitution, short in stature, of slender build, and older than her para- mour. The remains of a meal left in the house with a partly-consumed candle upon the table would lead to the inference that immediately be- fore the death took place deceased and the woman had been taking tea together. This meal would have afforded her ample opportunity for stupefying him if she had desired to do so. The only theory that has been advanced relative to the use of the gas- tar with which the body is stated to have been covered is that it was poured upon the corpse in order to stiffle as much as possible the effluvium which would neces- sarily arise as soon as the body began to decompose, and thus enable the murderer to get clear away before the terrible deed should be discovered.

From an investigation made by the police, it appears that the dead body of a woman has been found at Dudley, Which leaves little doubt but that it is the woman alluded to above. Last Thursday, which was the day before Williams's body was discovered in Wolverhampton, some persons entered upon the ten- ancy of an empty house in Tower-street, Dudley^ and there, in an attic, discovered the putrid remains of a woman resembling the female who had obtained the key a fortnight before. The face of the corpse was downwards, with the head resting on one side. The dress of the deceased was drawn up over her shoul- ders. A half-pint bottle, labelled "laudanum," lay at her feet. On the head being uncovered nearly all the flesh" was found to .have been eaten away, and the same remark applies to the greater part of the corpse. The right hand, which was folded beneath the breast, was as entirely denuded of all muscle and flesh as though it had belonged to a skeleton of considerable age. -Hamging to'the sky- light of the room was a woman's bonnet, which had in it the key of the house. The bottle was of a half- pint size, with the name of Lewis, Bilston, stamped upon it. Beneath the label, which was inscribed laudanum," there was found to be another and older label, also indicating the former contents to have been the same description of narcotic poison. A small quantity of laudanum was found in the bottle, and Mr. Horton, surgeon, of Dudley, deposed it the inquest that the body lay in such a position all would lead to the inference that decea where she was found when she felt hersel coma, from an overdose of laudanun however, returned a verdict of Found since transpired that the bonnet found 1 skylight in the empty house at Dudley was worn by the woman Sparrow on the left the house in Wolverhampton in wI died, when she told Mrs. Lewis, her ne bour, that she was" going out haw country, and should not be back for soi The corpse of the woman having beei desired examination and comparison made without an order for the exhumin this order application was made to t Dudley. But his reply was that. the ir an end, he had no further jurisdiction Before, therefore, the corpse can be application must be made to the Seer for the Home Department, and the c officer of the Government obtained. Tl will be made by the Chief Constabl hampton.

A RURAL TRAGEDY IN Travellers by rail to Tours and the south of France will have noticed, in passing th ment of Loir-et-Cher, a singular-looki writer in the Spectator, from which we e] then proceeds to describe the scenery, as history of the country, but we will pre readers the tragic story, which will be f( ing) The great natural produce of t] Loir-et-Cher are sheep, kept to th< million, and superintended by abou herdesses. These fair ones, on cl( found to be no poetical beings suet lighted to portray, but stout strapp horny hands, leather leggings, an However, there are exceptions to th of the sex, and two such exceptions, eyes and glossy ringlets, lived lat village of Mehers, a few miles f of St. Aignan. The two shep Rousseau and Frangoise Laurier drive their flocks together on t away their time by repeating to ea elves and witches, said to arise at damp lagoons, dancing around ja mocking the poor mortals who the ground. Full of such fairy ta] of Louise Rousseau, Denis, an ill-f( back, with monstrous head and w( himself resembling one of the suppi marshes. Denis Rousseau frequen sister and her friend into the plain: ing the sheep, and watching with every movement of the fair form ( latter seemed scarcely to regard I conscious of her power over the lit under complete control, employin and the execution of little ord< commanded him to bring her a E the next morning, and having don on a journey far on the moors, ] lost one of her sheep. That mornir had come up to the ordinary meetir bonnet, bought at the special reque; which she intended to wear at the Mehers. It was a simple enough I gay ribbons tacked to a piece of mi it excited the intense admiration of ing it alternately on each others' he together far into the fields, till at piece of moorland overgrown wi1 Here Louise Rousseau sat down bonnet in her lap, entirely lost in t ing at it. Suddenly a rope flev skilfully thrown by the girl Franco convulsive struggles Louise Roussea The dead body remained for days attacked by vultures hovering in tl Two days after this event, on the 71 Francoise appeared at the village fete radiant with delight, and full of smiles who thronged around her. Among t dwarf Denis, who saw at a glance tha his lost sister, believed to have been d: the ponds, was on the head of the trembled, he says in his evidence, divining a foul crime, but had not confide his thoughts to any one. Tl: he, with another lad, went to the wood, when all at once they came stumbled over the corpse of Louise dwarf fell to the ground senseless, wh ran back to the village to apprise th he had seen. Soon a number of n carried the body of the poor shepher( her parents and before many hours w d'instruction, with gendarmes from appearance on the spot. A cursory n tion left no doubt that a. orual Muxrdi mitted, the rope with which she ha being still found on the neck of L Whose rope was it? The question once, for a villager declared positiv seen it on the very morning or disappeared in the hands of her He knew it by a line of black on the by it having fallen into tar, as also by towards the centre. There seemei dwarf had murdered his sister, and ugly. He was forthwith taken up an, amid the yells of abhorrence of the w] Only one young man, a worker in an ii thoughtfully behind the throng whi dwarf to the door of the gaol, neith speaking to any one. It was he who 1 bonnet to Louise Rousseau at the beg and he, with his own eyes,, had seen t on the head of Fangoise Laurier on village fete. The crowd having disl quietly into the office of the juge an, tale. An hour after Louise Rousseau the hands of the gendarmes, and was i prison of Blois. The assizes of the department of Loi on the 4th of August, amid an immelJ spectators. For weeks the whole-proi of nothing but the murder of Louis< many were the speculations set afloat t The majority inclined to think Der murder—he was such an ugly little dwai on moors and in out-of-the-way-places, secret communion with demons and h goise Laurier, on the other hand, was most sweet-tempered girl, always "playing, and evidently quite unfit to c deed of assassinating a friend and com assizes opened, and examination andci of accused and Nvitnegsescommenced. A, favour of Frangoise she confessed haA fatal bonnet as a gift from the dwarf, bi all complicity in the assassination. favourable impression which this state! judge and jury induced Frangoise to g< she said she had seen Denis murder h from a distance. Pressed very hard. n ledged having helped the dwarf to ti his sister but only after he had com act, life being then nearly extinct. i self in a maze of assertions and coi in which before long she was hopek She all but confessed having commitl repeating, however, with great vehei crime had taken place under the influe tion of Denis. Then the little dwarf w and in simple, unaffected language he story of the last few months how he to bring the fatal rope how he had 1 immediately after; how he had seen hi on the head of Frangoise; and how t come fraternal feeling. The word ] pronounce but the feeling was too escape observation. The vox populi, i the twelve stout men in the jury-box got some dim insight into the real state at their request, Frangoise was put unc once more, and was gradually brought she herself had thrown the rope arc her friend, but in mere playfulness, and having become entangled, poor Louise been killed by her own efforte to disent; After this confession the judf examination useless; but the tw< had evidently become more bew Was not the dwarf so ugly, and F good-looking; and was it not pos the pretty shepherdess had killed accident, and taken the bonnet in n Thus communing with themselves, were locked up to think over t] leisure. After long deliberation, th into court, announcing, amid the multitude, that Frangoise Lauri< guilty of the murder of Louise Ro premeditation and "under extenual What these circumstances were th jury kept to themselves. Thereupon the judge expressed ] that he fully concarred in the vei Frangoise Laurier to fifteen year The dwarf, at the same time, v discharged from custody, the innoc been saved by the French mode of i

CANADIAN GOLD I DIGGINGS riess of the River Chaudiere, abo Quebec, gold has been found. One 11 worth 18 dols. per oz., and weighin up in the bed of one of these stre season of the year is almost dry. I 20,000 dols. worth of gold has been season. One man, residing near his possession a gallon full of the pieces of all sizes. Since the golde out people have been ftockingtotbe