The South Wales Star

J WHY? WHY ? WHY?—Why should people suffer from Liver Complaints? Why complain of Indiges- tion ? Why bear the Pains of Disordered Stomach y Why be wearied with Weak Nerves? Why be dis- tressed with Skin Diseases ? Why endure Headache ? Why be troubled with Bad Blood ? Why be tortured with Rheumatism ? Whv be a martyr to Fits, Ec-szenia, Piles ? When Hughes's Blood Pills will soon relieve you from every trouble. Sold by every Chemist and dealer in Patent Mecicines at Is lid. 2s. 9d.. and 4s. 6J.—Advt.

ANCIENT REMAINS AT RHOOSE NEAR BARRY. [BY MR. JOBS STORRIE. CARETAKER OF THE I CARDIFF MUSEUM.] On the road from Porthkerry Church to Aber- thaw, near the hamlet of Rhoose. is a field known by some as Gwaun Sisylt, or Cecil Meadow, and by others as Cwrt Isha, or Lower Court, but of which no traditions now survive as to its early history in the village. The meadow lies to the south of the public road, and is the property of Mr. S. Davis, the late high sheriff, and is in the tenancy of Mr. Jenkins, of Rhoose. From the latter Mr. Phillips obtained leave for my spending an afternoon in p 11 endeavouring to clear up the history of it in some degree. It is evident to anyone that the western end of the meadow is full of hillocks and ridges, which cover old foundations of some kind, but no one seems to have taken any notice of them. no doubt thinking that they were quarry spoil-banks or rubbish heaps. The fact of it being the richest piece of pasturage in the parish, and also that there is a spring within a stone's throw which is never known to dry, are facts which usually indi- cate that there is a reason for choosing such favoured spots for an early settlement. 'Armed with liberty for an afternoon's dig and a steel rod, Thursday saw me in search of Mr. Phillips at the village smithy, when, after refreshments and tools being procured, an immediate adjournment was made to the meadow. Some little time was spent in probing about for a likely spot, and a mound about iift. high was selected, through which a trench about 18in. wide was proposed to be cut. Mr. Phillips plying pick and spade, and I keep- ing a sharp look out for anything which was being turned up. We had not been long so en- gaged. however, when we had an accession of strength in the person of young Mr. Jenkins. For some time nothing but loose lias limestones were found, among which were the shells of a few snails which had died during hibernation, the first sign of human habitation being a large sandstone slate burnt on one side to a depth of about an inch into the stone, and evidently part of the lining of a fireplace or oven. Mr. Savours next joined us and insisted on taking his turn at the shovel, and we then rapidly threw out a series of pieces of sandstone of the same character as before, and about enough to pave a square yard or rather more then beside them a fragment of old <rrey- heart of very eady AGE, and some red marl stones ana St. Mary-hill sandstone blocks of small sizes. When we reached a depth of about four feet, we got into a stratum of small loosely-packed lias chips, in which were found two fragments of pottery with the surfaces burnt red but the in- terior of the clay still remaining browny black, and a little lower still a piece of undoubted pre- Roman pottery-part of the lip of a small bowl of about three inches diameter. Living specimens of Achatina aricvla were even more abundant than at the Llantwit excavations. It may be rather rare to speculate much after such a slight trial but from the form of the foundations and remains found in what was apparently the baker's part of the premises, and from the size and squared char- acter of some of the stones in the corner of the foundation unearthed, it is worth a much more LERSNVE,NNGATI0?' 1 0U"HT TO POINT OUT that it through South Glamorgan?118 ROMAN SHORE ROAD

THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. BY ARTHUR J. WILLIAMS, M.P. ARTICLE VII. CLOSURE. There is no doubt that under the old rules a few members were able to prevent the House of Com- mons from getting on with its work. and that 11 ome changes were necessary. But when Mr. Gladstone proposed some very moderate changes in 1382 the Conservative party opposed them tooth and nail, declaring that they never would submit to the tyranny of the majority. When, however, they came into power in 1886. and the Liberals opposed coercion, they brought in some far more stringent rules. By one of these a member may at any time get up. when a debate is going on. and move that "the question be now put." The rule goes on to say that the question shall be forthwith put. or. in other words, that the debate shall be at once closed, unless the Speaker considers that this motion is an abuse of the rules of the House or on infringement of the rights of the minority." It is a very difficult matter to decide whether a debate has gone on long enough, and when the Speaker is suddenly called upon to make this decision he is placed in a very awkward and delicate position. He has over and over again refused to put the question, and it has always turned out that he was right. In many cases the G-overnment have had to admit that further discussion was useful, and. therefore necessary. When he decides that the debate has gone on long enough he says The question is that the question be now put. Those who are in favour of that resolution will say; Aye.' the contrary No.' This is the closure, and. of course, this attempt to put an end to the discussion is always resented and resisted. In that case. and in every case where at the end of a debate on any question the motion is resisted, there is a shout of Aye" on one side. and of "No" on the other. Thereupon | the Speaker says, Strangers must withdraw." and then a division takes place, DIVISION. The electric bells are set ringing like mad. the two minute glass is turned, and at the end of two minutes all the members who are in the building have rushed into the House. The outer doors are closed. The Speaker calls out. Order, order." and again puts the question. Aarain there is a shout of Aye and a shout of No in reply. Then the Speaker savs. Ayes to the right, Noes to the left. tellers for the Ayes, Mr. A. B. and C. D.: tellers for the Noes. Mr. E. F. and G. H." The members who mean to vote "Aye" go into the Corridor on the right of the Speaker, and those who mean to vote No" go into the Corridor to his left. They pass a desk at which two division clerks tick of their names on a printed list of members and then go through a doorway, on each side of which stands a teller for the ayes and a teller for the noes. As each member passes he lifts his hat, and one of the tellers calls out the number of votes which he makes up. When all the members have passed through each division lobby, the tellers bring up the -numbers voting on each side to the clerk, who writes them on a slip and hands it to one of the tellers for the majority. In im- portant divisions, where the result is doubtful. this is a very exciting moment. Each side watches with eager anxiety to see which has won—and as the paper is handed. r a great cheer is raised by the victorious party. Then the four tellers march side by side up to the table, bowing as they do so to the Speaker, and the teller to whom the slip has been handed reads out the num- bers. If the division is a close one a derisive cheer is raised by the majority. In the course of each session there are a large number. Up to Friday last (June 5) there have been no less than 267 divisions. Some of these divisions have been on questions of great moment, such as the first and second reading of the Irish Land Purchase Bill. Mr. Stansfeld's one man one vote resolution. Mr. Morley's Tipperary Trials resolution, the Welsh Liquor Traffic Local Veto Bill. and the Places of Worship Sites Bill. Then there were at least twenty divisions on im- portant amendments to the Tithes' Bill. But a very large proportion of the divisions in each session are on questions which are mere matters of detail. There have. for instance, been 103 divisions on the Irish Land Purchase Bill. All these divisions, with the exception of about ten. have been on little points which are only intelligible to Mr. Balfour and the Irish members, and some of them have not been even intelligible to them. as Mr. Balfour has more than once admitted. It is. of course, most desirable that as many mem- bers as possible should be present when really im- portant divisions are to be taken, and every member owes it to his party and to-his consti- I tuency to attend and vote on such occasions unless prevented by illness or other equally grave cause. But it is no test of efficiency or fidelity to duty that a member has voted in a number of divisions on matters which are either trivial or in no way affect the interest of his constituency. It would be most unreasonable to expect that men who are engaged in business or have other duties to per- form should be always in attendance from the beginning- to the end of dreary sittings when it is known that no important question can be raised, in order to score a large number of divisions. They cannot do it. Take the case of my colleague Mabon. The wonder to me is that he is able to attend so regularly. He is the agent for a great body of miners, and is constantly obliged to be present at enquiries-in all parts of South Wales, many of which, of course, take place during the session. He is now. too, a member of the Labour Commission. Only last week. during the Wednesday sitting of the House, his attendance on this Commission prevented his being present at four divisions. One of the most difficult practical questions which must before long be dealt with is that of so arranging the business of the House that the present sad waste of valuable time mav be avoided. But I must reserve this and other matters for another article.

PASSENGER TRAINS BETWEEN BARRY AND PONTYPRIDD. POXTYPRIDD LOCAL BOARD TAKES UP THE MATTER. STRONG REMARKS BY THE CHAIRMAN. At the fortnightly meeting of the Pontvpridd Local Board, held on Friday last. Mr. D. Leyshon the chairman of the Board, presiding, the question of passenger trains to Barry was discussed.-—Mr. Leyshon. the chairman, called attention to the fact that the Barry Company had some months ago promised to run passenger trains along the main line. but since then nothing more had been heard about the matter, and he considered that the Barry Company had broken faith with the Board. He suggested that the Local Board should call their attention to this matter. (Hear, hear).—Mr. J.James thought the company were bound by Act of Parlia- ment to run passenger trains within three years. Mr. Spragg. the deputy clerk, stated that different Act- of Parliament varied. He did not know whether three years were mentioned in this case.- Councillor Roberts quite agreed that the Board should urge upon the company to carry out their promise. It was then agreed that the secretary of the company should be communicated with, and that in the meantime the clerk should make inquiries as to what the Act of Parliament specified in this case.

TALKS OX WELSH TOPICS. [BY J. YOUNG EVANS. CORPUS CHRISTI COL- LEGE, OXFORD.] CHAPTER II. INTRODUCTION—(J-NNRHTDRD In the last chapter we saw how an examination of the questions affecting Welsh Nationalism im- peratively demands to be preceded hy a recognition of the peculiarly religious character of the Welsh people. We shall endeavour to trace, in subse- quent chapters, the influence of religious beliefs in expanding and narrowing the national life. But meanwhile we have to take into consideration another trait of the Welsh character, which must be borne in mind throughout any enquiry such as ours. This is. as everyone has anticipated, the pa- triotic feeling. As it is difficult, in religion, to steer a clear course between carelessness and austerity, so in the secular feeling of patriotism, it is not easy to strike the happy mean between racial conceit and racial humility. In Wales we have been under the dominion of both these excesses. The idea that our national institutions, our language and genius were the best, has co-existed, with an utter want of confidence in our ability to hold our own in various competitions with aliens. Our nationalism has been too childish in the past. We have been too content to imitate Narcissus, the beautiful youth who. according to the Greek story, pined away from gazing at the reflection of his own image in the water. No doubt it is highly satisfactory to know that Welsh was spoken by Adam and Eve, and still more pleasing is it to be told that the Welsh people need not learn a new language in the hereafter. But these pleasantries are unworthy of any people which has outlived its primitive simplicity. They are as foolish as they are profane. I have often thought, too. that the eisteddfodic platform needs much sweeping. We have had too much flattery from native presidents and distinguished strangers. We are not children who need patronage and patted heads. And if we analysed much of the admiration we bestow on each other, we should discover that it necessarily implied a most humiliating confession or sugges- tion. The praise our institutions and great men obtain is too often only relative to the great dis- advantages under which Wales and Welshmen lie. At the same time. we are citizens of no mean city. We are worthy of something better than the commiserating adulteration of one another, or the contempt of the stranger. It is our failure, or perhaps our want of endeavour, to obtain our place among European nations, which has made us acquiesce in the flattery which now appears so distasteful to us. The man who really has done most to deserve praise is he who finds compliments irksome. But our past national exclusiveness has engendered two evil results—vanity and timidity. The historical causes of this exclusiveness will be dealt with in their turn. and it is perhaps difficult for us to blame our ancestors unreservedly for the course they took. It was only what any Old and haughty nation, proud in arms." would have done. But if we ourselves and our nearer fore- fathers have suffered from this belligerent na- tionalism. which hated everything Saxon, and despised all culture that was not Welsh, there is yet left for the rising generation a precious legacy. It is like a treasure., pre- served at the cost of many a life and many a discomfort. But for those who finally re- ceive it, it is a source of new power. Our forefathers were true to their language and traditions, to their own hurt. But all that is good and great in these has survived the wreck- age of time. The Roman invader enriched the British speech, the Saxon conquest failed to obliterate it. and the long years of oppression did not wear it away. In our hands and in our children's is put a new force-3. force at least not possessed by the other inhabitants of this King- dom. It is not only th" language and traditions which are our legacy, but something more. It is that courageous and undaunted spirit which, although it had not the support of the physical and diplomatic power necessary to keep us a ruling nation, has kept us, few as we are. from utter absorption. It is now for us to decide whether we shall make our separate national ex- istence a gain to the world. Our national feeling, however extravagant it sometimes appears, or however paltry, is yet a great and irresistible force. And as all proposals for the advancement of the Welsh people must be first put in accord with the religious sentiments. so must they in the second place be in conformity with the patriotic instincts. The man who urges that our material and intellectual interests would be better consulted by the complete fusion of our- selves with the English race. would at once stultify any further suggestion he had to make for our good. In fact. the man who talks so off- handedly about abandoning national predelections has as little claim to common sense as to political philosophy. The work of the future leaders of Wales will be to manipulate these two forces, the religious and the patriotic sentiments, in such wise as to quicken Wales into a new activity. On the one hand, the materials accumulated in the literature and thought of the past must be brought to bear upon the questions of the present day. On the other hand there will be need to emancipate thought in many directions,—to dissipate many a superstion begotten of the narrow knowledge of good but intolerant men. There will be need. too. of say- ing what is true patriotism and what is false. Wales must no longer be content with mere senti- ments and choruses about doing everything in Welsh. Nor must she be content with confining her energies to her own area. and her activities to her own immediate interests. It was when a foreign conquest uprooted the exclusiveness of the Greek states that the culture of Greece became the property of the world. And" captive Greece," says the Roman poet, made her savage conquerer prisoner." The analogy is perhaps too far fetched. but there is at least a lesson in the comparison. Welsh patriotism will best be served by the fullest participation in the life of England.

PRESENTATION TO A POLICE OFFICER ATDINAS POWIS. A most interesting event came off at the National Schoolroom. Dinas Powis. on Friday evening—that of presenting Sergeant Sansom. of the County Police Force (lately removed to Pen- arth) with a very elaborate and valuable time- piece. costing, as it did. over £ 17. The inscription on the gold plate outside read as follows :—Pre- sented to John Sansom by his friends of Dinas Powis and neighbourhood, as a slight token of esteem entertained towards him. after a residence of 12 years." Amongst the company present we noticed Canon Edwards. Miss Edwards. Mr. D. T. Alexander. Mr. Isaacs. Mr. Edmund Greatrex. Mr. Cram. Mr. Thomas Greatrex. Mr. Moore (Court-v- ralla). Mr. Hall. Mr. Jas. Greatrex. Mr. Cox. Mr. Francis. Mr. J. B. Mockford, Mr. Richard James, Mr. Mockford. sen.. Mr. Hudley. Mr. Meredith. Mr. Johnman (Grangetown). Police-constable Evans, and the guest of the evening. Sergeant Sansom. In the unavoidable absence of General Lee. The Mount, the presentation was ably carried out by Mr. D. T. Alexander, who. in a few well-chosen remarks, touched highly on Sansom as an efficient officer, and the manner in which he had always conducted him- self.—The Sergeant, on receiving the handsome present from the hands of Mr. Alexander. feelin<?lv responded. He trusted in his future career Ve should not commit himself in any way that would cause them to look back with regret on the proceed- ings of that evening.—Canon Edwards briefly, but in congratulatory terms, alluded to the sergeant as being an officer courteous in manner and"firm in doing his duty.—Messrs. Isaac. Moore. Cram, and Edmund Greatrex. in the few words they had to say. quite bore out the former speakers' testimony They were also exceedingly sorry at losing such a valuable officer-one who had rendered the parish and neighbourhood such valuable assistance durino- his station amongst them.—A vote of thanks to the chairman then terminated the meeting.

SOME HINTS ON INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION. [By E. ANTYYL, B.A., Oriel and Mansfield Colleges, Oxford. CHAPTER II. It is difficult, if not altogether impossible, as yet to propound many definite theories respecting the curriculum of Welsh intermediate schools. The main subjects of intermediate education will, no doubt, be taught there as they are taught every- where. Euclid and algebra, and Latin and Greek. and grammar and translation could scarcely, in the normal intermediate school, be set aside. The question may arise at what age shall Greek be begun, or shall it be left perfectly open to boys and their parentll whether it be taught at all. This latter question has agitated public school masters much of late, and we can scarcely expect the question not to be raised in course of time at any rate in Wales. IT does not seem to us at all likely that an end will come to the teaching of Greek in this country, while anything of Greek literature remains. Its intrinsic value is such that the abler of the youth of our country would, if it were not taught in the schools, be determined to learn it for themselves. But, to have speculation of this kind. let us proceed to some of these ques- tions which are bound to become most pressing because they are the expressions of a serious want. The study of science, which is so fascinating, especially for the young, and which, for those who are older, does not lose any of its charm, has by its immense and varied development in this cen- tury served in an almost inconceivable degree to lighten life's burdens. And the various applica- tions of science in the arts have opened out the careers of many who have eyes to see and observe the facts of nature, and willing minds and hands to apply the knowledge they gain. We have only to instance the growth of the science of chemistry. And this science may be almost said to have existed only in the present century. Lavoisier, one of the pioneers of mo:lern chemistry, was guillotined in the French revolution atthe end of last century. By this time chemistry has been applied to almost every branch of industry, and it has been said that the commercial prosperity of a country may be fairly accurately guaged by the number of tons of sulphuric acid which it produces in a year. Physics also is a department of knowledge, the practical importance of which it is unnecessary here to mention. The knowledge of it, in a rudi- mentary form, is needed even for the most ordi- nary sphere of life. The departments in which an extended knowledge is necessary are growing greater every year. To take one branch alone of physics, viz., electricity, the strides made in this department during the la.;t ten years are great in- deed, and in a few years more it is probable that far greater strides will have been made. The sciences of physiology, botany, biology, <5cc., in their relation to the study and practice of medi- cine and for their own sake are of great value, but as they are valuable mainly only for one great department of practice, that of the prevention and the cure of disease, we need not treat at any length of the necessity of teaching them in intermediate schools. We may say, however, of physiology that it would be well if there were a more widespread knowledge in Wales and England, and other countries, too, for that matter, of the general principles of this science. To some extent, there- fore, it is perfectly possible that educationists who have a more accurate knowledge of the conditions of teaching in intermediate schools than we have, will devise some means, if they find it advisable, to introduce the teaching of elementary physiology into these schools. But the teaching of the elements of physics and chemistry seems to us practically essential. The insight into nature and her inner workings, the early familiarity with the conception of an order in Nature which is impressed upon us by the study of these sciences, are some of the most valuable disciplines which our minds can receive. Instead of looking upon Nature with a blind awe and superstitution as the savages do, and instead of vaguely dreaming about it as some poets do, we shall seek to find our true place in the world as men. by conquering Nature through ourknowledge of it. Until man has learnt to know Nature, he is, as Lucretius, the great Roman poet said, perpe- tually filled with awe at its workings and para- lysed with dread, while his busy and restless imagi- nation peoples it with a multitude of malignant and mysterious beings. Perhaps it may appear to some that we are waxing eloquent over subjects which no one ever meant to leave out of the intermediate school course. We have not the slightest doubt that they will be taught, but what we desire is that so far as they are taught, they shall be taught adequately. It may be too early now. perhaps, to point out the desirability of having attached, at any rate to the larger intermediate schols, a laboratory, in which boys may witness experiments, and in which they may early accustom themselves to practical chemistry or physics. To the practical educationist these points have probably suggested themselves, and the problems have been answered in the way that seemed best. What we wish to do here is to awaken in the parents of children a lively interest in the teaching of science in schools, and thus to give encouragement to their children and the masters. And the interest may very properly take u prac- tical form in the kind of support which at the present moment the intermediate schools most need, that support which has been so liberally given in Wales to religious teaching. Without this practical support there can be no adequate provision either in masters or appliances for the teaching of science in intermediate schools. But if for some time to come it may be difficult to brino. everthing in connection with the inter- mediate schools into the smoothest order, it is to be hoped that no one will make the great desira- bility of scientific teaching, which we advocate here. a reason for worrying those practical educa- tionists who have already sufficient matters to perplex them. We feel sure no one will. Next pc time we hope to continue this subject.

AGRICULTURAL NOTES. [BY A WELSH FARMER.] L An over-average rainfall throughout England, France. Germany, Spain, and Italy has marked the last fortnight of May. The temperature during the first half of this rainy period was much below the average, but from the 23rd to the 30th it was about the mean for the season. In Great Britain the rain has done much more good than harm. and the only drawbacks are the want of sun to bring- on the wheat and the general backwardness of the season in other respects. Abroad, it is questioned if the rain, in its immense encouragement of weeds, has not been of greater injury than benefit to agriculture. In Austria-Hungary and in Russia the agricultural outlook is now regarded as fair, Russian reports coming a little less and the other news a little more favourable on the week. America remains exceedingly satisfied with crop promise for spring as well as for winter wheat. Mr. F. V. Ensor. of Dorchester, auctioneer and live stock agent, has recently shipped for the steamship Xnrarrn, to Boston, on behalf of Mr. Jones, of Connecticut, probably one of the largest and best consignments of the popular Dorset horns ever exported from this country. They were selected from the well-known flocks of Messrs. W. Mayo. W. S. Hull, W. Groves, and G. F. Flower. They are a magnificent lot of sheep, consisting of 109 head. and will. we feel sure, be much admired in their new homes. At Deeping St. James, near Spalding. the valu- able freehold residential estate, known as Deeping Waterton Park. comprising some 33 acres, and Deeping Waterton Hall, situate on the banks of the Welland, has just been offered. The property was brought into the market by Mr. C. E. Water- ton, who has left the neighbourhood. There were seventeen lots, part of the estate being in Lincoln- shire and a part in Northamptonshire. One lot ONLY WAS sold, this being seven acres of pasture and arable land, which was bought by the occupier for £ 310. The first lot consisted of Deeping Waterton Hall and a park of 28 acres. This, it was stated, was purchased some years ago by the late Mr. Waterton for over C8.000. but now not a single bid could be obtained, and the lot was passed.

PROHIBITION AND TEM- PERANCE NOTES. [FROM A SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] London. June 9th. 1891. The Women's Liberal Federation has again re- affirmed its belief in the Direct Popular Veto over the liquor traffic. Indeed the meeting gave a most hearty support to the principle of the veto. and the Countess of Carlisle, who supported the resolution, referred to the subject as one that ought to take precedence of all other questions with the women of England. Lady Carlisle mentioned the previous resolutions of the federation, and the pressure brought to bear upon members of Parliament by the federation and its local associations and said that thousrh the enactment of a Local Option Bill had already been too long delayed they would obtain the Direct Veto as soon as the next Parlia- ment was elected. She asked Liberal women to take care that the candidates heard a great deal about this all-important drink question, which must not be forgotten even in the presence of pressing Irish questions: and given that vast Liberal majority in the next Parliament to which they looked they must insist upon the Direct Local Veto being conceded without further delay. The same meeting passed a resolution declaring that the law should prevent young children being sup- plied with intoxicants when sent by their parents or others to public-houses. An interesting meeting was held in London on Saturday, comprising a large number of Good Templars of the four metropolitan districts, Middlesex. Surrey, Essex, and Kent, for the pur- pose of welcoming the delegates to the National Lodge Session just held at Edinburgh. Among the visitors were between thirty and forty of the American and other foreign delegates. Mr. Joseph Mallins, G.C.T., of England, formally introduced the new Right Worthy Grand Templar, Dr. Cron- hyatekha, and other visitors. A service of brief welcome addresses were delivered by the District Chief Templars of the four districts, to which Dr. Cronhyatekha responded. He referred to his election to the chief office as fulfilling his highest hopes, and as particularly grateful to him as an Indian. A deputation of Juvenile Templars pre- sented an illuminated address to Mrs. Brookbank as Grand Superintendent, and that lady responded in a few feeling sentences. Many of the visitors afterwards gave brief addresses, speaking for a score or more separate states and countries. One of the most interesting features of the meeting referred to was the frequent reference by the speakers to temperance progress in Canada and America, and especially to the prohibition phase. Canada claims to be far ahead, not only of Great Britain, but of America, if the several Pro- hibition States be excepted from the comparison. An instance of this was mentioned in a description of the Ontario Sunday Closing Law, which shuts all drink places from seven o'clock on Saturday night till six o'clock on Monday morning, while, at the same time, the larger half of Canada is under Prohibitory law. There are many striking personalities among the American delegates now in this country. Perhaps the most picturesque is Mother Stewart, the founder of the American women's whisky wstr, which, nearly 20 years ago, accomplished a most striking and successful work in Ohio and other States, the principal method adopted being the holding of prayer meetings on the side walks in front of the saloons, and sometimes inside. But perhaps the most striking figure is Mrs. Anna Shultz, of Missouri Valley, Iowa. Mrs. Shultz lives near the Nebraska border of her State, has taken a leading part in the Prohibition agitation, and, since the passing into law, in its enforcement. So active, indeed, has she been that she has won the implacable hostility of the liquor faction, and has even been in serious personal danger. For this reasons he has been sworn in a special constable and is the only woman in the United States holding that office, and therefore entitled legally to carry a revolver for her own protection. The necessity for this is very real. Shultz tells very graphically some of the incidents of her experience, and says of one case when some whisky men came across the border from Nebraska into Iowa to test the Pro- hibition Law," the way they tested it was that she left them in jail" when she came across to this country. The United Kingdom Band of Hope Union has devoted the sum of jS 500 to the object of adding standard temperance works to young people's libraries in Sunday Schools, SEE. Wherever there is a library specially intended for the young, there should be found a good selection of temperance stories and books of reference. The instruction given in bands of hope should be impressed more deeply by the reading of good, sound temperance literature at home. There is now an excellent opportunity of supplying the necessary material. Forms of application can be obtained from the sec- retary, Mr. C. Wakely, 4. Ludgate Hill. London, E.C.. and in payment of a local contribution of 5s., the Union will send thirteen shillings' worth for 7s. 6d.. one pound's worth and for 10s.. £ 1 (is. 6d. worth of books. Already more than half the t500 alloted to this purpose has been absorbed, so that early applications should be made. An illustration of thoroughgoing temperance action which is given in the IJ'li!!J Knr.t, which speaks of the American railroad system as an apostle of temperance more potent than Mathew or Gough. It says — The American Railroad companies employ 689.912 persons, not counting those who mine the coal and iron, make the rails or locomotives, or build the cars and carriages used by the road. The freight and passenger traffic of the country is practically controlled by 600 of these corporations, and of these no fewer than 375 absolutely prohibit the use of intoxicat- ing liquors by the work-folk. The brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers moreover uses its in- fluence in the same direction. Whenever a mem- ber of the order is known to be dissipated," says Mr. Arthur Long, the head of the organisation. we not only expel or suspend him, but notify his employers. Writing with reference to the drink question in Iceland. Mrs. Selmar, a foremost temperance worker in Denmark, says Ever since the year 1774 the Danish Government has monopolised all the trade in Greenland, and during all these years has never permitted spirituous liquors to be sold to the natives of Greenland. A Danish official in the Ministry, in referring to this a short time ago, pointed out that under this prohibition the Green- landers increased, while native races in other lands, where liquors are sold. almost invariably decrease. However, all the Danish element in the service of the Government, or at the Missions in Greenland, are supplied with spirituous liquors from Demaark! but are strictly forbidden to sell these liquors to the natives, and do not do so. Nevertheless, there are exceptions in the populous parts, where the native workmen who are regularly employed have given to them a daily Schnaps' or glass of spirit, but there is a movement to give these workmen a little more money instead of liquor. Those engaged aboard vessels are allowed a daily glass of spirit. On holidays such as Christmas and the King's birthday it has for many years been the custom to give a Schnaps' of spirit to each grown-up man but of late beer or coffee is being substituted. Though a single drink is thus given as an extra, no liquor is sold to the natives, and they are never seen intoxicated."

A TRIP TO MARCROSS. Youth is the season of pleasure (and pleasure within bounds is as essential to mankind as healthy exercise). It is the season of seasons in the history of man for it is then that the eye is clear, the hear sharp, the mind buoyant and cheer- ful. and the thoughts keen and penetrating. It is no wonder then that about 40 youths and maidens travelled from the quiet neighbourhood of Bridg- end to the still quieter neighbourhood of Marcross. During the hard and long-to-be-remembered months of the past winter, our mutual improve- ment class, held at Hope, Bridgend, had proved such a success, that it was resolved amongst the members to arrange a picnic for Wednesday, the 3rd instant. The morning dawned bright and clear, giving every prospect of a fine day. Starting at two o'clock sharp, we left the thriving town of Bridgend behind us, and travelled along the Ewenny road, through Ewenny village, having a glimpse as we passed, of the residence of the re- spected Colonel Tuberville, with its historic sur- roundings and associations. On our right, could be seen the ruins of Ogmore Castle, and in the distance the briny ocean, standing out as a grand natural background to the wonderful panorama. But our cry being onward, and our drivers anxious to beat the record, we soon lost sight of both the ocean and the castles, yet no sooner had we done so, then we found ourselves travelling along a good road, now amongst the trees, then between towering hills, now getting a beautiful view of the surrounding country (amongst others, the residence of our worthy member, Mr. A. J. Williams). Then. with nothing to admire but the massive mound-like hills on both hands till at last all of a sudden someone said" St. Brides," and we looked forward and espied the picturesque little village, with its square- towered church nestling as were amongst the trees. Leaving the church on the right, we passed through the homely little village, everyone admiring the neatness and cleanliness of every cottage, with its little garden all set and the rows of flower pots on every window sill. But, ahoy, for the open coun- try, could well be sung all the way then to Mar- cross. We passed on our way many a ruin, many a crumpling pile, from which, methinks, I could hear strange tidings borne on the calm breeze that blew so invigoratingly from the sea. But sooner than we expected we were at Marcross, quiet. peaceful Marcross, and having seen to the safety and welfare of every one of the company, and shaken hands with our host and hostess of the day, we wended our way through grassy lanes and woody dales towards the Lighthouses, where we were welcomed by the kind and gentlemanly keepers, who also took us over the massive build- ing, and explained to us the working of the lights and many other interesting things in connection with these honoured piles of those who go down to the sea in ships." This part of the programme being over, and everyone seemingly satisfied, we wended our way back to the village, where in the open air, under an old-fashioned verandah, a most sumptuous repast awaited us indeed, so well was the table laid that one or two asked the question, where to begin." How homely it seemed, as we sat all round the table, every face beaming with joy and happiness, and, above all. to see an old dame of 60 summers dressed in the old and almost- forgotten fashion of the long ago. at the head of the table, in charge of the teapot, &c. I could not help admiring her simplicity, with now and then a dash of humour, that sent all the hungry crea- tures (as she called us) into roars of laughter. "More tea, more cake, more salad." and many more other dainties was the order of the hour, until at last, the old lady refused one or two young gents any more tea on the ground that they had had quite enough, which refusal drew a tiny blush to the cheeks of the lady friends of the guilty one's. Tea over, we again wended our way through the Cwm. down to the beach, the rocky beach, and rocky it was too. Yet how grand was the sight, just to stand on an overhanging boulder, and watch the rolling waves and the dashing spray below or to cast a look above at the towering cliffs, and admire their firmness, and listen atten- tively to their authoritative voice, as they exclaim to the boiling waves below, I- So far, and no fur- ther." A shower now came on, and we had to rush back to the house for shelter, where, to pass away the time, a few lines written expressly for the occasion by one of our rising bards, were sung to the tune of The land of my fathers." The weather having again cleared, another walk was taken, this time separately, for two is company and three is not." Wandering by myself along the road, I came to the church, and stood and won- dered at its plain and simple style. Its square ivy-covered tower, its porch with stone benches on each side, its ricketty door, its small and almost yielding windows. As I gazed on this House of God. in its garb of simplicity, I reasoned, is it right that so many millions are spent yearly in decorating and in building new and massive temples to the Jehovah God Is not this God as ready to hear the cry of the solitary unit in the depths of a dark wood, as He is to hear the cries of the assembled thousands on the open plain ? Has not God as often answered the prayers of faithful ones assembled in lowly edifices, as of those who assemble in the gorgeous and almost idolatrous temples of our land. I do not argue that no temples should be built, but I do say that the gorgeousness and unsightly costliness on which so much is spent, could be used to a better purpose Why not use it to the development of the temple of mankind—that great but fallen temple from which are to be taken the most precious blocks to- wards the building of the eternal temple of the New Jerusalem ? This I simply reasoned as I stood in solitude by the old church at Marcross. But the time for our departure grew near, and I had to return to headquarters, where sooner than I expected all the company arrived. Having a few minutes to spare the chairman, Mr. E. S. Evans, called upon Mr. L. Edwards for a recitation. Mr. Edwards, in his usual eloquent style, gave Carl. the Martyr." After which Mr. D. P. Morgan read a few impromtu lines on the occasion. A vote of thanks having been passed to the host and hostess. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins, with a three times three." we then mounted our several conveyances and by 10.15 were safely back at Bridgend, thus bringing j to a close one of the most enjoyable picnics in which I have had the pleasure to be present, Bridgend. D P M

A COUNTY FOOTBALL CLUB FOR GLAMORGANSHIRE. MEETING OF REPRESENTATIVES AT BRIDGEND. On Saturday afternoon, at the Wyndham Arms Hotel, Bridgend, an adjourned meeting of repre- sentatives of the leading clubs of Glamorganshire was held, the following being present:—Messrs. W. Bryant (Swansea) in the chair. W. E. Rees (Neath). W. H. Treats (Cardiff), J. Harcom (Momston), A. Llewellyn (Pontypridd). T. Griffiths (Aberavon). M. Jenkins and M. W. Rees (Penygraig), W. E. Foster (Maritime), E. Hopkins (Tondu), A. J. Davies (Harlequins), and W. Hem- ming and E. Emery (Bridgend). Penarth. Llanelly, and St. David's were unrepresented.—On the proposition of Mr. W. E. Rees. seconded by Mr. Griffiths, it was resolved that a county football club be formed for Glamorganshire.—Penarth had written to say they could not at present join the club, while Mr. Treatt cited a resoluton of the Cardiff Club, that they did not consider such a club desirable, and that, though not antagonistic, they would not join it.—The Chairman remarked that now was the time, however, to start the club, though he felt himself that by starting now they would only be just in time for the season after next. They would not be able to begin county matches this season effectually, as different clubs would hardly care to weaken their strength to supply such county clubs.—The result of the vote showed that only Cardiff and Penarth at present took a neutral position.—The election of officers was then proceeded with, AS follows :—President, Sir J. T. D. Llewellyn, Bart. vice-presidents. Messrs. W. H. Gwynn (Swansea) and W. M. Douglas (Cadoxt-in) secretary, Mr. A. J. Davies treasurer. Mr. W. E. Rees and committee, Messrs. W. Bryant, F. W. Butler (Aberavon). M. Jenkins, E. S. Richards (Pontypridd), and W. Hemming.—It was resolved that full control of the club should be delegated to the committee, while it was further 1 remarked that the county club was in no way antagonistic to the Welsh Football Union.—It was further resolved that the annual subscription be one guinea, with no entrance fee.—It may be added that no other person was put forward for the post of secretary, although Mr. A. J. Davies declined to accept the office.

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