Welsh Newspapers

Search 15 million Welsh newspaper articles

Hide Articles List

12 articles on this Page

COBDEN'S CENTENARY.

News
Cite
Share

COBDEN'S CENTENARY. THE FATHER OF FREE TRADE. BIOGRAPHY IN B J'JF. THE centenary of the birth of Richard Cohicn comes at a time when this country is convulsed politically by an attempt to reverse the policy which is 30 closely asso- ciated with his name. But for that fact many people would have forgotten that it was a hundred years ago on June 3rd since Cobden was born at a farmhouse in the pretty little village of Midhurst, among the Sussex hills. The son o? generations of sturdy yeoman farmers, he was forced, by the apparently unkind hand of fate, to make the town his home and the factory his means of livelihood. A Son of the Fo". IT is one of tiip ironies of life that the landed proprietors who opposed Cobden's schemes so bitterly should have sneered at him as a mere manufacturer, when all the time he had probably a deeper love for the country, a closer knowledge or its life, and a stronger right to the claims of a son of the soil than any of his territorial opponents. As he said on one occasion: We were born and biea up amid the pastoral charms of the south of Ei-gSand, and we con- fess to so much attachment for the pursuits of our forefathers that, had we the casting of the parts of all the actors on this world's stage, we donot think we should allow a cotton-mill or a manufactory to have a place in it. Uarly Success. THE story of Richard CoLden's early struggles and rapid success seeras almost too startling to be true. Dependent upon the charily of relations, he spends iive miserable years in a Yorkshire boarding-school, and then enters his uncle's office as a mere drudge. But his natural ability and courage overcame all difficulties, and at twenty-one he is promoted to the important position of traveller for the firm; At twenty-four he has entered into partnership with other friend3 in the retail cotton trade, and in two years' time they have accounts to the value of £ '40,000 on their books, The next move was to become manufacturers, and take over a factory at Sabdeu, near Black- bum. Though Cobden is but twenty-seven, the venture is an immediate sucoass. In a short time his income is £ 10,000 a-year. Yet he is not bewildered by his prospects or blind to his own deficiencies. In his spart, hours he ttudies mathematics, and shews his interest in his. fellows by advocating and organising a school for the children of the workpeople. Anxious still further to extend his ow;i knowledge, he takes the earliest opp«>rtui,.ry which his cir- eumstances would allov of > 1 t-Un.-g thsoigh America, and snbseqm t'y 1 ,;t. Tu.Jkxy, Greece, and Spain. The&& ope:* his eyes to the follies of war and the possibilities of international trade, when no longer rttstricted by artificial barriers. Sell-sskcri lice. HAIKCobden confined his ivpnderfui powers to his business lie would probably have amassed a very considerable fortune. Instead, when he is at the height of his commercial success he resolutely turns hia back upon material gain in order that he may rid the country of the tyranny of Protection. In doing this he risked his future prospects, and brought himself to the verge of bankruptcy. Yet, when ho had secured political success m place of business prosperity, he refused to accept any of the rewards that were offered hiiD):, Position, power, titles, wealth, he could not be persuaded to accept any of them. And yet his opponents of those days, and of these, have striven to represent him as an ignorant, narrow-minded, unpatriotic, grasp- ing employer, seeking the cheapening of the cost of living to the workman in order that he might reduce wages and increase his profits. The Prophet of Free Trade. COBDEN was not the originator of the Free Trade movement; it had existed long before he entered pubic life. Neither was he the father of the Anti-Corn Law League, but he became its principal advocate and director. The League was something entirely new in British politics. With its branches and repre- sentatives in every district, it was conducted with the precision and method of a vast «.om-, mercial enterprise. Its subscribed .capital was £ '400,000; its interest—freedom. Cobden brought to the Anti-Corn Law League all the acumen "of a first-class business man, and to the ex- position of Free Trade the sound logic of the counting-house, joined to the fervour of the patriot and the earnestness of a minister of -the gospel. His simplicity of his mathematical logic of argument, combined with his lucidity of expression, drove home the truth of Free Trade with tremendous force. A Simple Gospel. COBDEN entered upon the Free Trade cam- paign when he was thirty-four; he entered Parliament as member for Stockport when he was thirty-seven. In those three years he had won for himself the foremost position in the country as the champion of Free Trade. His victory over the House of Commons was no less complete. His success was due very largely to the simplicity f/ith which he expounded his gospel. This, perhaps, is one of the best passages in his speeches: Suppose now that it wore but the Thames instead of the Atlantic which separated the two countries-England a.nd America. Sup- pose that the people on one side were mechanics and artisans, capable by their industry of producing a vast supply of manu- factures and that the people on the other side were agriculturists, producing infinitely more than they could themselves consume of corn, pork, and beef-fancy these two separate peoples anxious and willing to exchange with each other the produce of their common industries and fancy a demon rising from the middle of the river-for I cannot imagine any- thing human in such a position and performing such an offiéc-fancy a demon rising from the river and holding in his hand an Act of Par- liament, and saying, "You shall not supply each other's wants and then, in addition to that, let it be supposed that this demon said to his victim with an affected smile, "This is for your benefit; I do it entirely for your promo- tion Where is the difference between the Thames and the Atlantic ?

Advertising

MR. W. R. EDWARDS, J. P.,…

Advertising

THE BOAT DISASTER OFF BARRYI…

SUCCESS OF A BARRY STUDENT

IN A SERIOUS MOMENT.

FRIDAY.

!MONDAY.

GIRLS ARE THREATENED

STEAMER ON FIRE AT BARRY.

FOUR CUPS OF VI-COCOA EACH…