Welsh Newspapers
Search 15 million Welsh newspaper articles
5 articles on this Page
- - . - "'-'''- - THE BRYNMALLY…
THE BRYNMALLY ACCIDENT, COSCLfaiON OF THB IXaVEsT. The adjourned inquest on the bodies of the 13 lost their lives by the late inundation at e: grynmally colliery was held on Wednesday t it the housse of Mr Whittaker, the Turf Ta- Wrexham. The 18 jurymen, together with ft'f, v th V-ter H¡gIJon. x.q., the government inspector, and coroner, attended punctually to time, (ten ,k) and in a short titue afterwards the proceed- ^ere recommenced. Joha Fetera was recalled, and stated he had been .atble to find the report previously alluded to by iim of a conversation whioh took place between fltber aad Mr Kyrke, in relation to the Bryn- works. He had seen the D fault marked on plan which his father made in 1839, (sup- r0*i) On the governmentt inspector asking for the ori-i .);>1 plan of the workings— jjr Clayton said that he had not brought it, but i ? CJuld send for it or for anything else which was e.ej necessary to assist in the investigation. The Government Inspector said that it would be #0rv! satisfactory if the plans were produced, on j bich a messenger was sent for them. liters was then examined at some length, but hi: evidence was of a similar character to that in first examination. He stated distinctly that, t pnii-'tu'al man, he would not have bored under t,;e circumstances, as from the plan it was known ttey had not reached the boundary of the works, „ i was it kncwn that they had broken through .Ie fault. ilrClayton was then examined. He said: I aa tie manager and one of the proprietors of the ]j:vii.'iiilly colliery. All the deceased were colliers v?i'? in my employ in the No. 3 pit—in the ,?n COA]. On Tue?ay, the 30th of September, ] recollect the water breaking in and inundating pe tf-uka. I learned this at 7 o'clock in the even- ji; having been from home on that day. I re- vived information from the men of the accident, when I arrived, 48 of the men had been saved, j'riyr to being told I should not have thought for moment that any water would have broken in f oui the north side of the two I was more appre- • aasive of that part next to the Westminster old workino,-g on the south side. Having been inform- j by the former owners of the colliery and the mnager, (Mr Richard Kyrke, junior) that a fault j 14 yards, running nearly east and west, was en- L'.el D'lt having been crossed, I thought that was a fcicnt barrier against any quantity of water that tight exist on the north side of it. I had no in- mation or knowledge from any one how far the norks had approached the fault on the Yord side, either did I think it of any moment, so long as ue D fault was entire. Never up to the time of ■_c water breaking in had I received any iuforma- :)[], directly or indirectly, leading me to alter this .ninion, or that there was the least danger exist- ;ng of an influx of water from that side. So satia- jeJ was I of this, that in August of 1854, I was ;• j to make an agreement with Mr Thomson, the arner of the land under which these works were, to resign and give up to him all claim upon all the minerals which I held on the north side of the D fault, under lease granted to Mr James Kyrke by tiid former owners of the land—making arrange- ment with him, for certain considerations, only to York the coal on the south side of the D fault, or the Hrynmally side, making the D fault the boun- duj. I was induced to do this rather than run tiiurisk of cutting through the fault, and thereby making a connection between the old working. on tiit- other (the Yord) side, of which I was perfectly rant. With regard to the two-yard coal, I may remark that it was all along very wet, as alio were the main and brassy ooals on the north ride of the pit. They had always been wet; and lroa a plan in my possession I find that the two- yard coal, where it had been worked the nearest to the D fault, had been given up, owing to the quantity of water coming out of the coal, which I understand caused the men to refuse to work it, although they had almost twice the amount per ton offered to induce them to do so, thereby satisfying me that they had no fear of an inun- datiou. By the Coroner: I had no information as to the workings on the D fault, having no plans of ] it. Had no reason whatever to doubt what Mr Kirke told me of it being entire. By the Government Inspector: I had no rea- son to apprehend that the water would break in from the north side of the workings. I thought i: possible that it might have broken in from the w itli side, because there was water on that side iymg in some old workings belonging to the i.-5t:r.inster Coal Company. Of the two I should  thought that the south was the likelier ¡);a" of the two where water would break in. I Whea 1, arrived at Brynmally on the evening of i i.*• accident, they told me where it had broken ia- Lut I cannot recollect who it was that did I M. Ia making the agreement w?th Mr Thomson I t?? question of the fault was not discussed. Tho I 1? iug it as a boundary to the works was my I s??esttun, being satisfied at the time with the t presentations made on the subject by Mr R. I ky:ke, which had been made some five years I U.'ore. I have iron-stone pits on the crop of tl e I Inamally estate, but in none of them can the hilt be proved, in consequence of their being I :Uoh lower and at a considerable distance, ? the crop of the estate I have worked the two- I ?rj cj?I, but not up to the D fault; I have also t hoiked the braasy coal on the north side to t within 68 yards or thereabouts, to a point to I Thtire I have worked the main coal, but I did I M extend the workings so far as to the wicket I wiath is marked wet on the plans. The 0 lal t there is bad and the place wet. There was a t gf¡.¡1 ileal of water coming out of the wiaket where t «c were working it, as. indeed, there was in all t the others. The chief reason for abandoning the t works was the had quality of the coal, which was I bo soft that I could pull it out with my hand. I I Lave got the rules established by act of parliament aud sanctioned by the Secretary of State, and I t have seen that they have been properly enforced— t strictly so. I take the management of the works t upull royself, employing an underground agent, but I management rests with me. Holcroft ■ tik^ es his instructions from me from time to time, t %rhtn he wants my advice or opinion. I put the ■ rmcs ia his hands, and told him to carry them out t c_:ijomtly with the head clerk, Mr Hutchinson. t 1I. Is not icsponsible at all, ail it is his duty to dis- I tlll¡:Jt them only. It is Mr Holoroft's duty to see ■ tb:" they (the rules) are duly obeyed and followed M out, Had it been necessary to have bored he would M !:aft! oULtless acquainted me first on the subject. ■ aught have bored without my instructions, but ■ ao not think he would have done so. I believe ■ that had he considered boring necessary, he would ■ ave made preparations before mentioning it to me,' ■ aa be has orders from me to make what arrange- ■ Dents he thinks p;oper to secure the safety of the M suid the mine, and he might have commenced ■ g witLuut my sanction. He never told me it ■ &.i desirable to bore, nor did he ever mention bor- ■ ?'g to me at all. I have, In consequenoe, never ■ ?d. because I did not think it was necessary to ? o ?. We have spoken together of the danger in ? ? south side from th* water, and only a fortnight ■ Lffore the accident occurred I saw Mr Darby on I subject, and asked his permission to speak to H 1fr S;llliUel Jones, his mine agent, and to inspect ■ tae plana for the purpose of obtaining information ■ as t.j where the water lay. I do not know how ■ w e are to these workings. Believe we gre ■ 1-5 to 20 yards from the extreme boundary in this ■ Pi't—the south side, and do not know whether ■ tb.. n: it a fault between the Brynmally and West- ■ ^nsier old workings. Never have bored in this, ■ Section at all. ■ Government Inspector; Why notf May there ■ he another fault there ? fr Cltyt.?n Because 1 had determined to leave ■ ft Pilia, (,;f coal), and also to get information from, tlt company where the pool of water did lie. I ■ "alt seen the place where the accident took place ■ it occurred, both yesterday (Tuesday) and on ■ S^-rlav. ''Overnment Inspector: Describe to the jury ■ 'w?lat you saw, ? ? ??r Clayton: The stream of water which is now H ?".m? ia through the opening, comes in through t' 0' ■ 1" r.? f of the mine, and ???g from the top of the I jTer pillar into the waggon road, as if it were dl' J' ■ ^hvered f,? a sp.mt. The fall of the water has H up the s did floor of the mine, as I could ????, ah?ut two yards deep near to the end of the ? U"?n',ju road. I could not get close to it, not near- ■ f?r or 7 yards, in consequence of the black ? ?P?rb..nic acid gas) and I believe that few "'Jul,1 h 0 Th'  w ''t ^ave liked to have gone so near. Thia gas t  doubtless in the wicket, and also pro- L4'i,1 l -.l'OT" the Yord workings brought in with the  '1'1 o. h N M?t?? ??"' place was stopped working some three ?? ??'ore the water broke in. Griffiths (Ish- Mat-11, f UQd water oozing from the roof on the Sa- NN?tun) ??'ous His nearest working place was ■ 'fll\: G d 11 ? 7 y?''?s from the end of the waggon road. N have been drow ned, but all, 1 believe efft'c:h. xcePtionof two or three, died from the tcn?.. f ?? ?: all, indeed, with the exception of N Jhhm Grittiths and Evan Roberts. The three Hmen on I"0 south side were not drownod. They I?g. ? have retreatud before the water which ne- v ,1 °3l° level on which they were found. m 31 v h1 r that if boring had been driven in the ue III U NBid? "? front, that the water would have not I been ?)' '??'?. ? it broke in from the roof. The tb.jri, ?°?'I not have tapped the water in the IHlod-'m —— .1 '0 which is not the U-ual practice. 1 myself approve of boring. I understand that sotas 60 years ago it was customary to make the air-ways in advance and above the waggon road. It is not usual to do so now. These air-ways were made in the biud above the coal; at least, so an old man, who knew the fact. told me he had worked in a mine 10 managed. The Coroner: Should not the roof be bored therefore, in consequence? Mr. Clayton: No; because water is only to be found In places where the coal is excavated. I be- lieve, in thia instance, it must have been cut across just upon the deep of the road, because the water falls towards the cross over the pillars. I believe the waggon road, in the Brynmally side the fault, would be at least 100 yards from the deep of the other side —I doubt whether a bore-hole iu the south side would enter into the water. I don't believe it would. Probably, had it been done on the south side of the lower level it might have done so-probably it might I have tapped it. By the Coroner; All the suggestions thrown out by the Government Inspector have all been carried out. I do not thick that the 6 feet fault is the fault so much talked of (the D fault) in conversation on the subject. There an conflicting opinions on this poiut, but I do not believe that the one has been mistaken for the other. John Dodd, a collier, living at Cefoybedd, was then examined, but his evidence amounted to—nothing, what in fact he professed to know. He was in the the employ of Ir. Clayton it would seem, when the accident took place, and was working in the Brassy pit. The Coroner attempted in vain to elicit from him how long and where he had worked, when the fol- lowing interesting dialogue took place :— Coroner: Did you work 6 days or 3 days in the main coal or in the brassy before the accident took place, or—how was it ? # John Dudd: I dunua know, but I think he'll bother himself as well as me before he's done. (Roars of laughter.) Coroner: What made you leave off working in the main coal ? Dodd: Because I got a better job. Coroner It was not then because yon were afraid of working there ? Dodd: No, I was not afraid-not a bit, but it was a better job. Coroner Were you better paid ? Dodd: No-none, Coroner: Perhaps you did not like hard work? Dodd I don't know any one who does. (Shouts of laughter.) Coroner: Did you leave off working in the main coal because you thought there was danger there? Dodd: I had no fear of danger. I never knew of I it until after the accident, and then I did, and so did everybody else, then. (Laughter.) Coroner: Have you not stated that you left the main coal because you considered it unsafe, by reason of the water ? Dodd: No I did not, I never heard of it (the dan- ger) Coroner: What made you leave, then? Dodd: I suppose I must have been afraid of hard work, as you eay ? (Great laughter.) Coroner: What are you brought here to prove? Dodd I am sure I don't know. Coroner Are yon here on behalf of the crown or for Mr. Clayto¿ P-who brought you hereP DodJ: The policeman. (Continued laughter.) Coroner: Oh, then you are for the crown t Dodd; Yes, I dare say I am. A. Juror here stated that the witness had told him, that he left the works because he was afraid of the water, and he, and several others, had been propaga- ting similar tales all through the district. He caa. tioued him at the time, and said, that when he was called upon he would probably give a different version of the matter. He thought such men ought to be punished as they caused much mischief, and besides, he had told untruths on oath. The .Coroner remarked that he had not perjured ] £ raself, aa he had told the truth on his oath and es before. Another juror observed that the witness had most certainly perjured himself, for he had then sworn to .not having stated to any one that he had left the work for fear of the water, although he had said so in the presence af one of the jurors. After some remarks from Mr. Clayton, express- ing his satisfaction that the man had been examined The Coroner said that he ought to be ashamed of himself for such conduct, telling false tales in order to make mischief. It was perfectly disgraceful in him to have done so. The jury was here adjourned for half an hour to get refreshments. On its re-assembling, Mr. Samuel Jones was first examined. He said I am a mine agent and reside at Brymbo, and have known the district for 16 years. I have known the coal mines which are worked on the Brynmally estate, and I also know the Yord pit, but not what ita extent is. I also know of the D fault by hear say, but not of my own knowledge. Amongst others Joseph Usher, who is now dead, told me of it some 8 yearaago. Ho stated to me that it was running through a wood (on the surface) and that it had a throw of 14 yards down from the north. Had I been called upon I should have acted upon this information, having no reason whatever to doubt its correctness. I da not say that I should have depended upon it altogether without Erst ex- amining and considering whether he had stated what was correct or not. It would depend upon circumstances whether I should have bored or not had I saw a quantity of water coming out of the briggins. I should rot have bored ordinarily un- less I had first crossed the fault. Had the water continually increased as the works went on, and especially had the water come from the face of the workings, I should have concluded that there was a pressure of water in front, and I then should certainly have bored. This however, would de- pend upon the direction which the water came from—from the direction in which I was driving. I know of my own knowledge t there is a large quantity of water in the old Yord workiaga, but I should not have bored had I not been satisfied that the fault had been crossed, for I should have con- sidered tho*l4 yards throw a quite sufficient bar- rier against any quantity of water. By a juror: Providing I had been driving a level and I had found the water decrease I should not have bored, but if I had any doubts on the subject I should certainly have done so. I have known water to ooze in when the pool from which it came was some 5 or 600 yards in advanae. Tho juror': I do not believe that (sensation). Witness: This is the case at present at one of the pits at the Broughton colliery with which I-am connected, for the water is coming in, and the pool is certainly 600 yards in front. The Government Inspector: What extent of infor- mation would satisfy you so as to induce you to place implicit faith on the correctness of plans mads many years ago ? Witness: I cannot answer that. Government Inspector Could yon lely on the plans made by John Peters ? Witness; Yes, I think I could on the whole. He has sometimes made mistakes, but in general his plan a are tolerably correct. This witness was then examined at some length by tho Government inspector, Mr. Clayton, and the Coro- ner, on matters chiefly of an hypothetical character tending to ascertain whether he would have thought it necessary to bore under the circumstances. The giat of his answers being that he believed he should not have done so, but be could not state positively without having had a personal knowledge of them. This witness gave hia evidenee most conscientiously and carefully. I _» « •. Robert Price, the fireman, who went aown tne pu first on the morning of the disaster,aa then exa- mined, but, contrary to expectation, his evidence threw sno additional light whatever as to the cause of the accident. For the first 10 minutes, he was occupied in describing the upa and downs" which he took in his day's excursion, which must have extended some miles of workings we should supposd. He was in the pit when the accident occurred, and got out of it it seems, as quickly as possible. It was hia duty to exa- mine the workings of. the whole mine, so that be seemed to know very little of auy particular portion of it, the points in displite no more than the other parts. Mr. R- V. Kyrke on being sworn, said I formerly worked the Brynmally colliery as manager aud pro- prietor, and I certainly never heard that the D fault had been crossed. I always supposed it was the same fault which we had crossed in a paIt of our works. I vaa so silre of thisf that in 1849, I entered into an agreement with Mr. Parry to purchase all the coal on the south side of the fault, supposing it to be whole. I suppos. it must have baen crossed by aome one from the Yord works, otherwise the water could not have broken in. I did not carry out the agreement because Mr. Parry wished me not to do so. We were working part of the Frood estate, but not immediately adjoining. Previous to the agreement, I did not make auy inquiry about the fault, being satisfied with the plaus made by John Peters, who had marked it down as being entire. He was in my employ at the time, and could have had no motive for deceiving me. lie was an old man at the time, but quite up to hia busi- ness. Peters was a mine agent at that time, aud knew all the district well. After some discussion, as to the propriety of exam- ining Mr John Holcroft, he himself decided on being examined, and after being duly cautioned and sworn by -the coroner, he said I am under-ground bailiff to Mr Clayton. My duty is to conduot and manage the mine, and to carry out tilt orders of Mr CHaytou. the deceased men were working in the pit tinder ine. I recollect having a conversation with Seth Roberta on the Saturday evening previous to the accident. He wished to have more room to work in, having a number of men under him, and asked my leave to open a new wicket, which 1 told him to do. He in- cidentally mentioned Ishmael Griffiths having found a somewhat stronger stream of water in a briggin than usual, and said that it might perhaps be as well to bore. I mentioned that the roads were rather wet, and asked him how would it be for his holers ? He replied, Oh, we cqn manage very well for them." When he told me that Ishmael Griffiths was making more water in the waggon road, I said that we must be getting near to the fault, and added that as dial- ling day would be on the Tuesday or Wednesday, we should then see where the fault was, and if we were near it we would bore at once, as I did not intend to strip that fault. Those were my exact words. After this it was agreed that Ishmael Griffiths should b. employed on the Monday to open the new wicket. Titat was all the conversation which took place be- tween us. I By the Government Inspector: I have been em- ployed as bailiff between 6 and 7 years-about that. I heard of the D fault soon alter I came. I believe Mr Clayton told me of it first, but it is a long time s iuce, and I can scarcely recollect. I was also told that no works had been driven across it. There was water all along the level, just like from other places, there being nothing at all particular about it. 1 never thought of boring. The quantity of water never led me to suppose that we had got under the old workings of the Yord pit. I now believe it must have beeu crossed by the Yord people. I have seen as much wa- ter in 3 different mines before, and we bored in these three yards in advance, which, in my opiniou, would leave a sufficient barrier against any quantity of wa- ter. If we had bored in this case I do not think it would have prevented the accident, judging from the position of the works and the way the water came in. The work s were too far off, and the water comes in from the roof. After giviug similar evidence for some time longer, he concluded, aud the coroner adjourned the inquest until the next morning at 9 o'clock. THURSDAY, ine inquest was resumed this morning a little after nine o'clock, and proceedings were forthwith commen- ced. Peter Higson, Esq., Government Inspector, sworn, said: I am Government Inspector for this district. On Tuesday, the 11th instant, I examined the work- ings in the main coal at Bryamally Colliery. I pro- ceeded up the first break aad then along the second cross or waggon road, in the direction of the source from which the water came, which inundated the pit. I could not get to the extreme north point of the waggon road, in consequence of the black damp which was very strong; but I got sufficiently near to see, by the aid of a large lamp, a considerable quautity of water pouring from the top side of the rock coal and as near as I can judge, out of the clog or bind. From the general appearance of the place, I con- clude that this is the point in the works where the wa- ter first broke in, which on its first appearance, must have come with great force. The floor of the wag- gon road is ploughed up. In passing along this wag- gon road, both in and out, I paid particular attention to all the cracks, fissures, slips aud briggins, to see if I could discover that water had come out of them under the first bind, but I could only find two indi- cations of such having been the case. This, ho w ever, may be accounted for from the fact of the break and the waggou road, being in a state of great dilapi- dation. The whole appears to be a complete wreck. In many places the sides have fallen for yards toge- ther; and the place is nearly filled with slack and iebrit, from the fallen roof which appears to have been drifted along by the force of the flood. The place where the water is now coming in appears to me to be abont 7 yards beyond the thrilling in which Griffiths was said to have been working This thrilling is not more, at the extreme point, than 3 yards above the waggon road, and no part of it appears to have fallen in or given way at the aides. The waggon road and the thrilling to the end appears to be of the usual width and to have suffered but little from the flood beyond that of the floor being blown up. My at- tention has been drawn and directed to the old pits in the Yord or adjoining estates, and also to a day level which is said to have drained the works in some of the upper seams on the cross of the Brynmally estate, and also to an old plan said to have been made hy Peters, on which a fault having a uorthernly bearil1. is marked thereon. After inspecting these, I am in- duced to think, that the water which inundated Bryn- mally colliery on the 30th of September, came from those old works in the Yord estate. But whether the fault, marked on the plau to which I before re- ferred, was cut in the ordiuary eourse of working and in sinking some of the shafts ia the yard side, vesti- ges of which are seen, I am not enabled to state, but I am luclined to think it was iu the usual way. Had borings been made before the driving of 6 or 8 yards in advance of the work, in opposition to the evidence before given and said. I think it very likely the water would have been discovered before it broke in the colliery; and I believe this would have been the case if the air roads had been driven in the bind as stated by the witnesses. It is stated in the 38th rule, in the code of special laws, established at this colliery. that in approaching a place likely to contain a danger- ous quantity of water, the underlooker or fireman shall see that borings be kept in advance and on both sides sufficiently far to discovar its existence before the barrier of coal has been so weakened as to read r a dangerous influx possible. This is one of the rules for the guidance of underlookers, chaltt-r-uiaiiters. firemen, and superintendents; and rule 11 in the same code states that every collier shalli when ordered by the underlooker or fireman, keep a bore tiolr. in advance on both sides of his place of work as may be described by such uuderlooker or fireman. In the-e rules there is no distance specified which is to be bored on approaching water; and my experience en- ables me to say that in all cases where water is known to exist in old worko, the boring should commence sufficiently far from the point of danger, aud that it ought in no case to be deferred till the barrier has been rendered weak. The length of the bore-hole should never be less, where water is confined and un- der pressure, than 6 yards in advance, and in some oases it would be necessary to bore almost double that distance. By the Coroner-If the roof was an ordinary roof and no old working in the superincumbent strata and very wet, I should aimply drill a hole to drain it (tho roof) but if there were old workings containing water in the roof I should bore it off in the usual way. By the Foreman: As to the point of danger I should not depend much on old plans. If in driving a waggon road or any other heading in the direction of old works known, or likely to contain water and the place being wet-exceedingly wet, I should hot rely on the evidence of any old plan, but I should commence boring at Once without reference to dis- tance unless it were very, very far. You never get to the exact distance that the workings are driven unless you be the last man. I think when I waa get. ing near the place where the fault was I should have bored for many reasons. I should not have thought it desirable to bare the fault, but have bored up to it, especially in a district like this. I should have bored in the bind so as to get the water in one spout, not so much in consequence of danger as for the eomfort of the men. I have been myself used to dcain in the roof frequently. Had there baea no seam of coal worked for 40 yards between the main and the brassy I ahould not have thought of boring that distance. Had I a lodgment of water in the brassy coal I should have thought it nnecessary to get rid of it somehow before I worked the main. 1 would not have worked under a gulf, even if there were 40 yards between. By Mr. Clayton; I give it as ay opinion, that if borings had beeu made 0 or 8 yards iu advance the water might have been discovered, which would have allowed the men sufficient time to escape. They al- ways bore aa far aa they can, the farther the better. If no water ia anticipated, why bore ? I wish to state in evidence that the coal doe@ look atrong and sound and gives no indication of being in the vicinity of water. I apprehend Mr. Jones's ease is peculiar to himsqlf-he made the gulf and is now working up to it. I certainly should, within 50 or 60 yards, have bored. Did the D fault exist entire and had it not been cut through or broken, and a throw of l-i yards, it would be a barrier sufficiently strung to hold baek any water which may exist in the Yord estate. The evidence being now concluded, Mr Clayton claimed permission to address the jury especially in relation to the evidence which had been given by the Government Inspector. It had been admitted he aaid to him that no indications of water had ahewn itself in the workings the coal, the bind, and every thing else were sound aud good, whereas auok oould not have been the case had there been a large lodg- ment of water overhead. He next reverted to the boring and contended that the 88th rule must have a discretionary me ming, otherwise they would be cal- led upon to bore some hundreds of yards in advance of any old workings which were known to exist. This he coubiderud to be very unreasonable. They had not bored because they now saw uo indications of a large quantity of water, aud also because they belieyed that there was a sufficient barrier in front of them in the fault. Mr. Clayton then alluded to the popular opinion held iu relation to coal proprietors since the government regulations had been put in force. Noue knew better than the practical men on the jury, of the dangers which beset the working of mines, from weak walla, and fire, and water; and even in a pecuniary point of viow, and if ibey cared nothing for the duty to take all preoautious against accident. The public did not seem to think of this but when accidents did occur they (the proprietors) ought to have their sympathies rather than anything else; Had there been danger the men must have perceived it, and as their lives were at stake, they would have re- quested borings to have been made, elpeoially ail it would cost them uothiug. There was uo appar nt danger, which had been proved by the men themselyes and therefore boring had not been resorted to. The Coroner having addressed the jury in, the iisual manner, offering either- to read his notes over or to lend them for the ue: of the jury, the room was clear- ed of strangers, and they proceeded to eonsider the evidence. It was now half-past eleven o'clock, and at about ten minutes to two it was announced that they had come to a decision, and the dour was thrown i, open. The foreman then said that the jury had brought in a verdict of ACCIDENTAL DEATH. 1 The foreman added-We must express to Mr Clayton our opinion that the mines should beburveyed, and the drivings and eoal places oftener laid down on the working plans than they appear hitherto to have bean doue. This terminated the proceedings of theinquell. MINBBA.—F ATAI ACCIDENT.-On Saturday last, the 8th instant, an accident happened to an old man, named Robert Edwards, an 'assistant at the Hinera Mill, in the occupation of Mr. Eliaa Jones, which resulted in hia death. It appears the de- ceased was driving a young spirited horae in a cart near Bwlchgwyn, when from some cause the old man was knocked down, the cart upset, and the horse galloped off with the shafts, but was stopped near to Ffynnon-y-cwrw. Edwards was afterwards found upon a heap of stones insensible, with his two legs broken and his abdomen severely crushed. Assistance was obtained and he was conveyed to his master's house, where he lingarad until twelve o'clock the same night when he expired. An in- quest was held on the body on Tuesday.
[No title]
QUARTEKLT PUBLIC HEALTH RETURNS.—The fol- lowing is an extract from the last Quarterly Return of Birth, Deaths, and Marriages. Reporting on the health of the country, it is remarked—" There is room for immense improvements in the sanatory condition of our country popu'»:ion. The geru. ef insalubrity are scattered about in every village for the rational laws of health are violated alike in the cottage and in the farm-house. The dwelling- houses sometimes rest on damp undrained ground; they lie often at the bottom of pitlike depressions of the eartu, instead of standing on the sides of the higher grounds, from which the water How. away naturally, and the decaying organic ema- nations are dispersed and decomposed by the winds. The farmhouse is often close to the farm- yard on a low part of the farm, and is surround- ed by buildings, ricks, and trees. In the yard, or near it, the refuse of the house and of all the animals is kept month after month undergoing fermentations, and giving off noxious vapours. In- to the pond, out of which the cattle drink, the am. moniacal liquor falls, that should find its way over the land. And it happens that if the air is stagnant for some days, if the temperature is high, if some sick person or diseased animal en- ters the place, which ia surrounded by salubrious fields, the farm becomes a scene of suffering; the cattle perish by pleur-pneumonias, the chil. dren are attacked by scarletinas, the wife has low fever, or the farmer himself dies, and his name, at a premature age, ia enrolled in the register of deaths. About 6,426 English farmers die in a year, and of them many are young; 2,605 are under 65 years of uge. In the dairy a little dirt spoils the butter, milk, or cheese; unless the ves- sels of the brewery are clean the ale is inj ured; and farmers have hence learnt by experience the importance of cleanliness in the interior of their houses. From them the taste for household clean. liness has been diffused through the surrounding population. They have only to render the air which they breathe about their houses pure, to become, with those around them, the halest peo- ple in the world. To place any of the new farmhouses or cottages to be built on certain elevations is the first point; to carry out and to cover with earth all the refuse of the house and yards daily would prevent the escape of ammo- nia, the most precious part of the manure, and at the same time rid the atmosphere of the fatal malaria that surrounds the farmhouses and cottages of the country. These matters well deserve the attention of English landed proprietors, as they are generally much better informed in sanatory matters than their agents, and can at once give effect to improvements beyond the reach of the small proprietors of other countries. A SINGULAR DUEL.—We learn by a letter from Memphis, of the 16th instant, that a duel was fought in the vicinity of that city on the day previous. It seems that on the late trip of the steamer North Star from New Orleans to this place, two of the passengers, Colonel Charles Burgthal, from Phila- delphi, and Major Riegler, from Boston, who had been south on an electioneering teur, and were old friends, having both served in the European armies, got iuto a very warm discussion, the one defending democracy, and the other republicanism, which re- sulted in offensive language, of a personal character against Colonel Burgthal. In the presence of so in i ay passengers the colonel felt it incumbent on him to demand a retractation of the insulting mat- ter, which lining denied, a challenge and acceptance to fight .tf-ere settled upon. Two Hungarian officers, uaiued S. Szalay and T. Schultez, lately in the servico u: Walker at Nicaragua, who were pas- sengers in tiie boat, volunteered as seconds. Pis- t ds and niteen paces were the terms proposed, but atria^i* t j say, the seconds, the master of the boat, aud all the passengers, including many ladies, op- posed the proposition, and contended that the fight should be had with swords. The Hungarians offer- ed their sabres, and the next day, on reaching Mem- phis, the parties landed, and procuring the atten- dance of a Dr. Hill, also A passenger on the lijoat, proceeded to some grounds adjoining the city, ac- companied by many of the lady and gentlemen pas- sengers. The duel was then fought with great fierceness, and resulted in the defeat of Major Rie- gler, who, by the superior skill of his adversary, re- ceived two terrible cuts, the one on his cheek, and the other on his chin, causing him to drop on the field. Returning to the boat the wounds of the major were dressed, and a reconciliation of the par- ties was effected.—St. Louis Democrat. A PARISH WITHOUT A CMURCHUATS.—For many years Blackburn has never hdkn appealed to for a compulsory churchrate, the wardens trusting for the expense of the repairs of the parish church to the voluntary contributions of the members of the church and the liberality of dissenters. So far they have not been disappointed. For upwards of quar- ter of a century no churchrate has been levied in the town. The wardens of the parish church have this week printed their accounts for the year, which show their receipts to be—from pew rents, j651 It., subscriptions, £ 126 18s 6d in the list are the names of parties of all denominations. The expendiure is-for choir (including all expenses). J671 18s 6d; bells and clock, .21 2s4d; lighting and warming, sundry repairs, &c., £534811d.tt the commencement of the year, the balance due to the wardens was £33 3s lOd; at the conclusion of tbe year only J13 3s 9d. The total expenses of the church during the year are £167 12s. What a change from the time when the last chnrchrate was laid, in 1830 and 18311 In these two years the expenses of the wardens were upwards of £800. CAPTUUB OF A WEST RIDING BURGLAR.—The buiglars in Yorkshire are making hay while the sun shines—that it, while there ia only. a very poor parish constabulary to protect life and property. The neighbourhood of Bradford has heen in a fear- ful state, ariaing from the depredations of these midnight ruffians. Between two and three o'clock, a.m., on Satnrday, Joshua Denby, living at Wind- hill, he observed a man run away from the door of a shopkeeper named William Taylor, a provision dealer, and hide himself in the corner of a building which stood in the shade of the moonlight. He im- mediately called to mind that the shop of Mr Tay- lor had been plundered of a large quantity of pro. visions during the night of the preceding Monday, and he therefore walked straight into the comer where he had seen the man disappear. There he found him standing upright against the wall, and immediately seized him. He had no sooner done 10 than the man struck him with, a large heavy crowbar, and knocked him down, inflicting a severe gash on his head, from which the blood flowed in a copious stream. Nothing daunted, Denby almost instantly rose to his feet, and again seised the bur- glar with a determination to, if possible, effect his capture. A desperate struggle ensued, the thief fighting with great courage, and giving utteraace to many violent threats oi vengeance. However, Denby held firmly to his grasp, and the fellow waa ultimately compelled to yield himself a prisoner to hIS resolute opponent. He was taken to hia captor's: residence, and Slingsby, the constable of the town- ship, called in. He searched the prisoner, and found in hia pocket a number of skeleton keys, in addition to others which, while in Denby'a house, he had thrown into the fire. It was subsequently found that the prisoner when disturbed in his ob- ject, had left a skeleton key in Mr Taylor's shop door. A bag containing a box of lucifer matches, and other housebreaking implements, waa also found in the road where the capture took place. The bag was marked with blood which had flowed from Denby's wound. The prisoner, whose name is Henry Astin, was conveyed to Bradford, and brought before the county magistrates 011 Saturday, by whom e waa remanded.
IC0RRESP03FDENC3.
I C0RRESP03FDENC3. We do not hold ourselves responsible for the letters of any of our Correspondents. This part of our Paper is allotted for the fret expression of public opinions generally, and not for the exclusive view of any particular sect or party. NATIONAL EDUCATION. NATIONll BDUOATION. I To the Editor of the Denbighshire Adtertiter. I Sir,—In first addressing you on the question of national education, it was far from my wish to en- gage in a controversy with any person on the sub- jeat. My object was merely to state in as fair and impartial a manner as possible, the claims, argu- ments, and pretensions of the three principal edu. cational parties, into which the community is di- vided. I think it will be admitted, that I did jus- tice to each and all of them and certainly, to none more so than to that one, in whose defence Ob- server" has voluntarily entered the lists of literary discussion. At the samo time, I did not hesitato to indicate pretty decidedly to what party I my- self both, from experience, and conviction, gave my preference and suffrage. To no scheme of pub- lic. education do I conscientiously object on so many grounds as the voluntary. I believe it to be totally inadequate, to educate and sufficiently instruct the millions of ignorant and neglected children in this country. I believe, at the same time, that many of its advocates are earnest, able, and sincere men. I believe, however, their oppo- sition to all and every kind of organisation in fa. vour of public education, exhibits a great deal of unreasonable inconsistency. Why call out for le- gislative interference in behalf of education previ- ous to 1848, and subsequently, when the govern- ment, three yeata afterwards, took steps in that direction oppose it in every imaginable shape and form ? This inconsistency, I believe, has never yet been sufficiently explained. In reference, how- ever, to the more immediate object of discussion, I believe, I proved in my fourth communication to you, that Observer's" plan, the voluntary plan, is partial in its. application, unj ust in it mainten- ance, and desultory in its operation. Experience has proved that it must ever necessarily be so, and that consequently, it is totally inadequate to cope with the educational exigencies, and social require- ments of our present condition. With this argu- ment, Observer" has in no way attempted to grapple, and therefore it stands with all its original force condemnatory of his plan as an inefficient scheme of public education. The real point at ssue between Observer" and myself regarding popular education is this,—he would leave it to take care of itself, I would have it cared for by le- gislative enactments; he would commit its support to the chance accidents of voluntary benevolence, I would guarantee its maintenance, by an equitable local rate, levied under legal sanction; he would have a preat national work to be attempted indif- ferently by the few and isolated benevolent; while I would have it done efficiently by the representa- tive agency of social action. He deprecates go- vernment interference in behalf of education on the strength of the opinion of a small fraction of society I demand it in accordance with the ex- pressed wishes and convictions of the great body of the people themselves. But I must hasten to exa- mine Observer's" grand argument aa set forth in his last communication against government edu- cation. If his premises are correct, his conclusions are inevitably, but as I am prepared to prove that they are not eo, neither in theory nor fact, hiB con- clusions, as a matter of course, must fall to the ground.. His argument is as follows: "I regard government as the organised physical force of the nation, whose sole business is to protect the people from those physical evils from which they can only be protected by physical force." Is the government of this country, which is the I one to which Observer" evidently alludes, mere- ly the organised physical force of the nation ?" Had he referred to Russia, Austria, Naples, -or France, as it is at the present time, he would have been nearer the mark; yet even in those countries his definition of government would have been in- correct, inasmuch as the ruling power there, al- though an organised physical force, is not that of the nation, but that of the reigning dynasty. A constitutional government, like that of England, is greatly more an organised moral, than a physical force, and rests on the enlightened conviction of a progressive age, and the accumulated and valuable experience of ten centuries. As a proof that the power which the government of this country wields in these latter times especially, is almost entire- ly that of moral suasion and popular enlighten- ment, I have only to p-iftt to some of those great achievements that have recently been effected in the cause of civil, religious, and commercial freedom, through the instrumentality of these peaceful means alone. A moral power must necessarily, and in the nature of things, take cognizance of mora evils, and that too both as regards their remote and proximate causes.. What a meagre and im- perfect idea of a delegated government, to suppose that its prime function is only that of protect- ing us from those physical evils that can only be averted by physical force! According to Obser- theory of government, it is quite a legitimate object for it to cause material nuisances to be re- moved from human dwellings, but quite beyond ita proper sphere of action to attempt by any legisla- tive measures to remove the cause of those material impurities—that is, ignorance. I always thought, of the two, he was accounted the most rational, the most skilful physician, who instead of continually peddling with the outward and material symptoms of organic disease, dives energetieally and at once into the cause and seat of the constitutional mala- dy, and effects a cure. Quacks and empirics, we know, are always employing balsams, lotions, and ointments to the exterior manifestations of internal disease, but never baae their practice and procedure in accordance with the operations of natural law. Hence they kill more than they cure. Observer" and the voluntary party, it appears, have no high- er ideas of the proper functions of a civil govern- ment than those pertaining to the practice of quacks and quackery. According to them 'the volunta. ries) government ought to punish crime, to pounce on the young thiof, to imprison, and finally trans- port him, but must not dare to do anything to pre- vent the recurrenes of crime, or train inoipient ju- venile thieves and criminals to habits of industry, honesty, and usefulness. How mournful it is that men will often sacrifice the spontaneous intuitions of their unbiassed minds, and refuse to aoeept the deductions of their rational faculties, in order to support the stereotyped policy aad principles of their sect and party I Yet so it il. However, as the argument now under consideration, namely, the u physical evils" one, is the pivot on which vo- luntaryism turns, let me endeavour to olear the way still further, for the purpose of showing that, as government in our time partakes more of an organ- ised moral force than a physical one, it necessarily must and does deal with and legislate for matters which in their causes and consequenoes are purely moral. Permit me to remark also, that aa the Eng- lish legislature is purely representative, it ever re- flects the progressive intellectual, moral, and social condition of the aggregate of the people at each crisis and stage of their history; consequently we perceive that things and interests, which at one period were oonsidered to be proper objects for iO. vernment legislation, have from greater experience and enlightenment ceased to be se now; while other. which either did not exist 'before, or very partially, have come to occupy their place. As &0- ciety progresses new wants are felt, and new insti- tutions demanded. These are supplied and man- aged in the ftrst place, as a thing of course, either by individual or associated energy but the manage ment under such agency beenpn.ved by ex id no -to be unequal to the national exigencies is transtei rede to the central delegated power, as being every way better fitted to discharge the onerous duties con- nected therewith. The student el history will bo at no loss to pereeive that many of our most useful institution* have thus had their origim. Now I consider uasectarian national education con- taining nothing about which our religions bodies can differ, but much for the furtherence and sup- pert of which they can all cordially combine, te be pre-eminently a work of all othere moat befitting the legislature to establish by statutory enactments. I have already,.to some extent, attempted to prove, that it ia quite inconeet in theory, and" opposed to fact and daily experience to aay that the only kind of evila with which government has a right to ieal are physical evila. What are forgery, perjury, and bigamy, but moral evils of a very grave charac- ter, and yet the punishment of these ofifeooes against society ,ie rightly and properly committed to tha central delegated power. Again, who objeeta to the government instituting enquiries regarding the abuses connected with our great educational seats of learning and the curriculum of studies pursued therein. None that I have heard of, except very interested parties, and on totally different grounds to those urged by Observer." These abuses aroasauredly of a moral character and di- rectly connected with national education, yet go- vernment has never been thought to have stepped beyond the proper s phere 6f its legitimate action in legislating for their suppression. Is not govern- ment too, about to make a very searching enquiry into the management and application of the Lids of ancient endowed grammar and charity schools ? The mal-appropriation of these funds has long been notorious and nothing but the strict interferenceof the legislature, it is believed, can compel their be- appl ied in striot aooordance with the benevolent institutions of.the pious donors. Let it not be}lup- foøed that the pecuniary emoluments alea«are to I engage the attention of the legislature. The kind and quality of the education too, are also to be 10 modified by the same power that they may answer to the requiren»o:itfl of the present time. Again, look at the pauper children in our union workhouses. Has not the government made pro- vision for their education aud industrial training by legal enactments ? They are, therefore, receiv- ing an education WlJdr the direct auapicca of the government, in uot u few instances, greatly superior both in kind and quality, to .hat commumcated in many of our cbmihoa day schools. I have not beard that any paity disapproves, but rather that all approve of government interference in behalf of a claas of children who unfortunately possess no natural guardians or protectors. There we have a direct and palpable instance of government interference with a kind of social or rather mertil evils, with which Observer'' sajs it has no right to deal. If he is so consistent with his principles as embodied in hie denfiition of eivil government, he on.;h t to protest against all statutory enactments, having reference to the educa- tion of pauper children in workhouses. Will he do eo P I think hardly. But, sir, there is yet another class of children and their number is legion, whose social condition is little better, nay, in some respects, worse, than that of workhouse children. The class to which I allude is that which has natural guardians in the ahape of parent teachers, who, either from in- clination or inability, possess and exercise no other attribute of this responsible relation, except the name. It is now accurately ascertaiued from well digested Statistics, that it i. mainly from this class of children, left by their natural protector's to be educated in the grim school of stern necessity and want that our adult and juvenile criminals of every shade and hue are annually recruited. Now, sir, if the legislature has been moved by the humane and chriatian feeling of the nation, to make provision by statutory enact- ments for the instruction and proper training of pau- per children in workhouses, is it not equally its duty and every whit at muoh within its province to do the same for that other class of children to which I have just alluded, and who are virtually as destitute and as uocared for. 1 maintain that it ie, and so will every one who does not allow the stock prejudices of his sect and party, to damp and deaden the better feelings of our common humanity. I suspect your correspon- dent must have a suspicion that his good cause ia a had one, when he is driven to the necessity of using a subtle argument borrowed from scholastic theology all its main prop and support. I asked him in a for- mer letter what creed he would specially designate as false. His reply is one that is at variance with facts and adroitly avoids committing himself any farther, by an allusion to the astronomical fact. If the earth's revolution round the ann, discovered by Galileo. Hence he infers that the creed of Galileo's persecutors must have been a false one. Bat I should like to know in what respect he understands it to be false. Whether astronomically or theologically? Certainly I should think it must be in the first sense. He must have known very well, however, that as the sects do not opj ose popular edncation on account of a difference of scientific creeds, but on s-^onnt of those of a theological character that my q i otion re- ferred exclusively to the latter and I th*refore re- Specffally ask him again which theolo "'c.l creed he would specially designate as a fslae one ? As he has by implication, and perhaps unwittingly to himself, given as an example of the method hy hich theolo- gical creeds may be proved true, nameiv Oy bringing them to the test of demonstrable facts, I have no doubt that by proving the others false by this excel- lent method, he will be able at the same time, beyond the power of cavil, to demonstrate the absolute tmtk of his own creed. As I approve highly of this plan of arriving at certitude as to the truth of creeds, I shall wait Impatiently till I see it applied to the speculative theology of your voluntary correspondent. Your's &c., A Commom LABOURER. EARLY CLOSING. I To the Editor of the Denbighshire Advertiser. Sir,—Some time ago I saw a letter in your paper upon the early closing movement, and I am rather surprised that the assistants have not followed up the matter by getting a petition drawn up and sent for signature to the several tradesmen, as I feel sure that such an application, if respectfully and courteously made, would at once be complied with by all the respectable portion of the tradesmen of the town. 1 do not say that some of the fry would object to such a measure, as they would deom it an encroachment upon their rights to do as they like with their own;" but such persons ought to be made acquainted with the faet that such a feel- ing is derogatory to their best interests u men. If the assistants will not move, sure am I that the ead which they 10 much desire will never be accom- plished and neglecting to do so they only bind the chains firmer, by which they are tied, to perpetu- ate toil and slavery, and they will never be able to endorse the sentiment of the song— "Briten'a never will be slaves." In the metropolis, and aome of the large provin- cial towns, where more business is done, I find that the tradesmen not only close the shops at 6 p.m., but also have granted a Saturday half-holiday to their assistants. Surely then the tradesmen of Wrexham cannot deny to their youae; men the op- portunity of closing, say at 7 p.m. in the winter, and 8 in the summer; say 7 fr-m the 1st October to the 23rd March, and 8 from 23rd March to 30th September. Young men! arouse yoursel ves, and make as the Cornish man says, a pull, a long pull, a strong pull, and a pull altogether," and you will surely succeed. Yours, &c., Nov., 1856. Y ourø, &c., A LOOKER ON. To the  7b <?< J??o? o/ <7? .D?t?7t.?!)'6 ??<??'??f. Sir,—I have waited patiently for a reply to my note respecting the early closing movement, and not finding any person coming forward to vindicate the present unnecessary system of late hiurs, I will now trouble you with a few lines showing the evil of the present system. First then, the present late hour system inflicts unnecessary toil and all its ooncomitant evils aris- ing from long aad close confinement in an unhealthy loom upon the assistants and apprentices, which will surely develop itself sooner or later npon the physical and menial energies of those employed in shops. I ask oan the employers feel themselves justified in pursuing such a eouiae knowing its con- sequent f I trow not. Azain, I respectfully maintain that the present system ia not called for, either from the wants of the public, or yet from the severe competition of trade. Aa the same amount of business may, and cam be done with less fatigue to the employed, and equal ooavenience to the publis in shorter time than it now is.. Further, the employers themselves are, er ought to be, equally anxious for curtailment of the hours of business because it will ensure tbe more econo- mical working of their eoaoerna, the expenses of which are a serious drawback upon the pro At a, and every economist knows that the leu the expensee more will be the profit. If what I have above advaueed in favour o early closing be correct, then 1 ask the tradesmen themselves to take the initiative in the matter and thaa honourably come forward and ah w to the public and the employed that the assistants are re- spected, and that they are something more than machines in their hands for the purpose of acquir- ing wealth, and that they regard those in their em- ploy as intelligent members of a respectable com- munity, capable of appreciating a kindness when bestowed in a right way. Yours, &c., SCRIBLERIUS. THE CHAPLAINCY OF WREXHA W UNION. To tJ., Editor of the -Denbiqkvh-a*ro- -Advortisor.- Sir,-Allow me, ae proposer ot the Rev. I. H. Lloyd, to the Workhouse chaplaincy, to make a few remarks in reference to the powers of veto, assumed by the Lorti Bishop of St. Asap., The Rev. T. R. Lloyd hoids ewe of socis at Liuofyuydd, under the Bishop of St. Asaph, therefore, if be is good snongh for Llaufynydd, he may safely be eutrneted with the ehsplsRuey of the Wrtxhaia Union; if not ftt. to be chaplain a* Wrexham, why shoald he have eure of souls at Limfynydd ? Mr Lloyd was sleeted aa onr chaplain hy a majority of three te one, i. au un- usually fuU hoard. No objection we he raised against the reality of Mr. Lloyd's majority, aud tha eiicum- staDce. in whieh it wa. ohtaiawL Mr. Edward*, QI\(! of the wnsweessfal candidates, began a personal oau- vae, and gained many promise of the guardians be. fore it was known to Mr. Lloyd that the ehaplainey waaeveu vasanr. A magistrate from the Holywell Unioa waa broaght up to vote against him. AD im. proper attempt waa made to poison the miuda of Mr. Lloyd's supporters by a Bishop Bo" looming in the distance; aad yet, iu spite of all this, a majority of more than three to one of the elected guardinos of the Wrexham Union, elected Mr. Lloyd. There never was a more decisive victory; never a triumph obtained audcr more adverse circumstances nor more creditable to the elected. Three te one of the guar- dians, many of them intimately acquainted with Mr Lloyd for a number of years, prefer him to the thrre candidates-all of them, remember, highly esteemed and of excellent. character, (atf the seconder of one of them well observed), and are we to be told by a bishop, who reside# at St. Asaph, and who ?t he know. anything of Mr. Lloyd,) knows it only through palace earwigs and toad-eaters, no very respectable authority, that Mr. Lloyd is not a fit and proper per  son to be chaplain to the Wrcz?am Union. ? am glad to see by the motion carr ed at to-day's biinrd, that the Wrexo^ui Uniou will not be dragooned out of its rights. Indeed, to pursue any other coursc, would be to titaitify itself. Let the bishop assign his reasons, and prove them against Mr. Lloyd, and Wet will thou. elect another chaplain-otherwise, we can not. Poor Welih curates! I often pity them. Few and far between are the pickings they get, and aw- ful are the" growlinga" when they try te anatch a bone. The poor Celt has well nigh been taug" ht to wait for his bread until the Saxou is filled. I can picture to myself the holy look, and the uplifted eya ol a Saxun bishop as he piously bids his curate follow the chariot ecclesiastic. My sister and my sister's cljjld, Myself and children three, Will fill the coaek-So you must ride On horseback after we." The Bishops of London and Durham must not be released from their duties without a princely compeu- sation, but we are asked to rob a poor curate of the little pittance vottd him (as he very properly said in his letter of thanks) by the elected guardians of his own Uniou, "rcpiesenting as they do the opinions, the feelings, the sympathies, and the intelligence of forty thousand of my fellow-countrymen. I am, sir, yours obediently, G. W. CHAMBER.
WREXHAM MARKET. TmrBSDAT,…
WREXHAM MARKET. TmrBSDAT, NoT. IN. New Wheat to 10 6 Flour Secon(la (per sack) IS 0 60 9 Barley (old). n. < < T 2 Oat!i. 4 0 4 4 Potatoes. a 4 2 6 JJutter 11 t t Egs. w. (per dozen) 0B 0 () Indian ineal (240 lbs) 10 0 32 0 MARK DAY. At this day's market supplies of wheat moderat and of oats large.English wheat,which was fine and dry, sold at Monday's rates, but damp samples Is to 2s lower. Foreign not pressed, but full prices paid in retail, whilst demand continues for hard. Floating cargoes off coast in narrow compass, and importers have received bids at ftill prices for Bah- ia, which is easier to buy. Flour rather easier, but no change to nete in value. Indian corn scarce, stiffens in value, and in looo this article goes steadily into consumption. Barleya good sale, at full prices, No rye offering, else distillers would take. Mait quite steady. Peas very slow, but eold weather may now help them. Beans have an upward tendency. New oats are freely offered at 6d to 18 decline, and. buyers take only sparingly. MARK LANE—WSDICB9DA.T. About the average supply of English wheat was on sale here to-day. For all kinds, we experien- ced a very dull trade, at barely Monday's decline in the quotations. Upwards of 12,000 quarters of foreign wheat having some to hand, the show of samples was on the increase, and all descriptions ruled heavy, at barley late rates. There was a moderate inquiry for fine barley, at full quotations. Inferior kinds were very dull. The demand for malt ruled daJJ, 8ft former terms. We had a slow sale for oate, and inferior parcels were rather cheaper. Beans, peas, and lour supported Mon- day's quotations. LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET.—TUESDAY. .11. .1_ At this morning'a market witn a lair atienuance of millers and dealers, a good sale was effected in wheat, at a reduction en Friday's quotations of Id per bushel, making the decline en the week 3d per 701b. Flour must be ealled 6d to Is per sack and barrel down. Indian oorn decidedly improved ift value, but eannot quote an advanee. Egyptian beans scarce, and la per qr. dearer. Oats and oatmeal good sales, but with & large supply, must be called Id per bushel and Od to Is per load cheaper. HOP-MARKET.—BOROUGH, MONDAY. There is no alteration to quote in our market. The supply of fille Hops is by no means large, and not eaual to the demand for them. Mid and East tents 70s 90s to 105s Weald and Kent AOs 70s to 84!ti Sussex pockets. 65s to 70s Farnhams 70s 90s to 102 FOREIAH.—The imports of foreign Hops into the port of Londen laat week amounted to two bales from Hamburg. LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKET.—MONDAY The demand fer both Cattle and Sheep was rather dull this i-nofiking, aad we quote a slight reduction from the prieM of last week for Cattle of both descriptiena. fieef Jà, to 6d. Mutton bid. to Tei TALLOW MARKET. There is much less activity in our market, and prices rule rather lower, than on Monday last. To-day, P. Y. 0., on the spot, it "Iling at 53s 3d per cwt. Town Tallow, iia nett each. Rough Fat- 88 Old ner 61b. -7 LFUDEXUVLL.—tfON-DAY Per bib. by the carcase. 8. d. s. d. iiiferior beef. < < te Aliddliug do. I I < < Priiue Jai-go do. Si < Do- small ditto 4 S 4 S Veal S S 4 4 s. d-to 9d I Inferior mutton SO 3 4 Middling do. S 6 j Prime ditto.?.- 4 3 '0 I LAr@e pork 1 8 4 $ t?Mi?li pork 4 a 56 HIDE AND SKIN MA&khrS.—SATUBDAX. Market Hides, 56 to frllbs. 0 0 Ditto 64 7iilbs .„ • 0 41 Ditto 72 4GItis 0 41 0 44 .Ditto 80 1t1 u. 0 41 0 5 Ditto aw aolbs U 6 0 5 Horse Hides 4 (eeieh) 0 0 7 0 Calf Ski.-i'ai, light a < 4 0 Ditto full 0 0 a 0 Pulled Sileep 2 10 8 Keuts and Elair Brads S3 3 10 Downs a 0 a ti bambs. 3 9 4: ci Slieai-lilkgs S 4 2 6
lULLWA.r TLNiH TABLES
lULLWA.r TLNiH TABLES FOR NOVEMBER, 1856. SHREWSBURY ANn CHESTER RAILWAY TIME TABLE. I OAJJiB, IliOM CIlUTER 10 SHBIWBBVJiY. j 81 EPA Y i DOVK mAIKS, FHOM SnRE?SDLBT TO CBESTEE. I SVKDAYS.j I' — • L(.!?'—?-? i±L" ?=. ?? 'L ? _?." '?i' '? JJ? ?.J-t.2,Pj?—— t ? S ) 2 J ?,b ) V ? 3,1 1 3 I 2 12 1:.1 31';XJls;1 2. P\'23 II t,IV I '? "L:" "?"?t"-?D' p?).n..j..nrpu.)..n.?mJ ?'?' n.m. a ii.. a. in. iL ]> n <; p ki ji ni ?'?))?u. pn. CHJ?'JLR ¡, 21 £ 1° a 1 °j11 ll,j 1 H | 3 5 8 55 5 20 8 1 1 4- 5 -O?HR?????y 7 Oi 8 20 It 8f 0 2?235 4 40 *40 b 0 7 35 0 27 0 25 4 40 ?'y b -'i I 1 •• j )S2(, I. IJO 51 5 16 Icatoii ? 7 10| 1 10 2 45 4 50  7 45 3 4 50 ?u)i<!d ••• t. 1 I I. ?a?httrch 720; 8 5 1 20 '12 65 5 0 4M 0 17 7 55 9 45 5 1 Lc??t "*• 1 ) I M ,330? i 6 3? h 23 11 0 5 31 Y!?'m)I 732 847 1 6 I 3 7 5 12 5 0 5 28 9 0 9 57 8 15 d 81-1 5 22 10 61 5 24 G"bUJ$ 8 I'" '1 1:¡ I ;¡ i, 64/ bUrll ? 538?),i<tit?ton 7421 854 )? .j<!7 522 ?. ?,??.' 7 LQ3 9 so 11 io 1 4. 1117 4 IS: 5 L? b41 111 2(; 5 49 752 9 k I 1 6 162 2 50' 8 XB 5 43 < t: < M 8 !<! < 6510 )8 < 80 I'U.s „••• ••• ,J "• fwnrtn-DT'liavc 7 42 8 52 1» M 142 2 40! S 15 5 30 6 21 & 30 R IA4| t» 45 10 8 6 30 IlAluil «■ 11 42? 1 6b s52 is 12 ?'54 11 35 6 4 t 1-kQ KI ?? 8 L2 9l? 11 1(6 2 2 ? 0 3u-5 5 50 38 1 6 141a 8 40 ??" ? 2 J2 •" j a"v 456 6 is n 4i « w imMjn « ao .•■■I *• ?(.nfnEce(.?S?8 ?a. t 6 23 9 211 46 6 15? Chii-i 9 10 11 12 157 333 i 50 50 ?? J« » 41 ?u? 8 0 V 2 11 6(,i 'I 7 4 86 6 28 C 7n 49 6 19 Llanollen Road.. 8 6 O? 9?H n 2 I &US 5 55 8*0 *?, *] N% yii  9 LO 12 I I(  1 I I '3  2 84 10 10. & 51 6 2 2(1 4i6 4 6**i8 917 11 5i) 6 ..A?. S ¡ en. 10 & 7 ??r ?;'J.;?:"S?? ? "???:: ?n-5o??.n :?u?n-?2? !S?c ? :?::i 7 4:' :13 42 11 M! 2 II,¡ G U ,n <\I iI" II U 0" I RI Ilau' b ?2  40 10 0 12 16  3C ,1\ .80 () 2'1. \I 7.1  OMM « i2 Sj 40 10 01a 16 2 sc l it 4 50, 6 4? i" y 27 1*2 6 38! V^KXH^Al ? 8*32 fl'as ll"3b a'sa 3"l0 4" 5? Z ». 10 ># 5 \l '1 iltll(l,ton  Iiï\l  12 5 6 331 C4reNford bBit 11 45 412 6 32 8 6(j  I I sgl  82 J! «8 ,«i?K» tjr« 5S -? ?? ?" ??? ? ?? jr, .Uich til mi 2 If "• I # Sfal2 C52 juiiord l ,Jr7i n. t j< €»o 10*25 ft i r*V l{i 12 3!. 7 0 :dL¡'l.» «■' <• 60 ,-1 ? u J ?;? it, '? 'It 20 al 7 -i.N ..?12 3 7 b (J'l^'LR it »..A & i 2 £ 5l > 4<J 4 iul ?$t> 25 i 25 i» <J ^V11 b ?!i 2.7.51 4? 4 i(J 25 25 aIQ 4,$ 11 iii