The North Wales Chronicle and Advertiser for the Principality

I THE CATTLE TRADE. LIVEBPOOL CATTLE MARKET, MONDAY, Dec. 23.- We have had a smaller supply of cattle and sheep, but th8' demand being slack, former prices could not be supporter. Number 0f cattle at market; -beasts, 2286; sheen. 2285. -Sinking the ofTal:-Prime first-class heifers, 4jd to oa. second class, 41d to 4,d; prime first-class oxen, 41d to Tcows ?d'Mf-fed .?n. 3? to 3d; prime wethe«. (,b??rli.g?), 51d to 6d; second quality, ditto, 5d to 5?, old Scotch and Irish ewes, ditto, 4!d to -5d. SMITHFIELD, Dec. 23.-During last week's the import of foreign stock into London was again extensive for tha time of year, viz., upwards of 5,000 liead. During the same period, in 18*9, we received 2,388 in 1848, 3,656; and, in 1847, 2,884 head. The quality of the Sheep and Calves continues tolerably good, but that of the Beasts iit inferior :—imports into London in the past week Beasts* 573 Sheep, 4,14-7 Calves, 35.5 and Pigs, 29 The yearly comparison of the weekly imports is as under:— Beasts. Sheep. Lamb3. Calves. Pigs. 1849 419 1,660 — 2M5 14 !8<8. 628 2,884 144 — IW. 420- 2,1<00 6. 1 he show of foreign stock in to-day's market was very limited, whilst that of home-fed Beasts was chiefly com- posed of last week's refuse, aud in very midling condition. As scarcely any buyers were in attendance, the Beef trade ruled heavy in the extreme, at Friday's decline in the quotations. The highest figure for the hest Beef did not exceed 3s Sd per 8lbs. The number of Sheep were litnited. but in full average condition. Although the demand for this description of stock was in a sluggish state, Friday's advance in the currencies was fairly supported, the best old Downs selling at 4s id to 4s 4d per SIbs, Calver and Pigs, the supplies of which were small, ruled heavy, at late rates. Per RIbs to sink the offal. s, I. to s. d. Inferior beasts 2 8 2 10 Second quality .3 0 3 2 Primc large oon 2 3 4 Pri.c Se.t, 3 (i 3 841 L,rg? 2 6 3 0 Primesmallditto 3 2 5 0 Suckling calves 18 0 22 0 Lambs o 0 0 (i R, d.to s, d. Inferior sheep.. 3 0 3 f 2nd quality sheep 3 6 3 8 Coarse woolleddo 3 10 4 O S'down wether 4 2 4 4 Do. out of wool 0 0 0 0 Large hojs 2 6 3 (5 Small porkers .3 8 4 0 Qr. old pigs 1G 0 20 O GLASGOW, Dec. 19,-The numbers to-day were-oxen, o78 sheep, 3,353. In consequcnee of the short supply of cattle at our market to-day, sales were easily effected, with an upward tendency, fiest ox beef 47s, current 4te to 45s, inferior from 32s to 37s per ewt, sinking the ottalp and all soid. The supply of sheep was somewhat larger than last week. Sales brisk and easily effected. Best aged wethers Jd, current 1& to 5(1, and inferior 3d to 3d per lb, sinking the offal. All sold. LINCOLN FAT STOCK MARKKT.—This being the last market before Christmas a splendid exhibition of animals was in the yard. The show was considered to be very large and of first-rate quality, and the best description of beast were taken away earlywat from 6s to 7s per stone, while this middling sorts hnng heavily on hand. There was not a large show of sheep, but the quality was excellent, and prices ranged from J jd to (ill per lb.

TIIE MEAT MARKETS. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL, Monday, December 2,3,- The supplies of beef on sale to-day, fit for Christmas con- sumption, was unusually extensive, and of excellent qua- lity. Those of mutton and pork were seasonably large. Although a steady business has been transacted in most articles, prices have ruled very low. From Hamburgh* 5 baskets of meat have arrived during thn week, and nearly 1,503 carcases of foreign meat, killed in London, have been disposed of. The arrivals of country-slaughtered meat for these markets have amounted during the last ten days to nearly 25,000 carcases. At per stone by the carcase. s. d. os. d. Beef, inferior 2 0 2 2 middling .2 426 -prime largo ..2 8 3 0 prime small ..3234 Veal 2 6 3 61 s. d.tos. d. .Mutton, 'inferior..2 6 2 8 -middling ..2 10 3 6 — prime 3 8 3 10 Pork, large 2 4 3 6 -small 3 8 4 0

LONDON SEED MARKET.—Monday, Dec. 23. Clover Seed commanded a steady sale at fully last week's prices; but canary seed is agailllower to purchase. Linseed and rapesecd are firm; but all other articles ruled heavy in the extreme. s.d.to s.d. Turnip, ?it.?, P, b??h. 10 0 'i601 Gr 00 12 Mustard, Brown 9 0 12 0 White 1)0 80 Tares. 40 id Old 3 0 4 0 Canary per qMrier?47 0 52 0 Rye grass 26 0 340 Clover, red Eng. (cWI.)32 0 480 White 32 0 480 lordgn r ? a .30 0 4 i 0 White '2 8430 Tre/oil 17 00 22 0 s. d. to t. d (? i?,?d,, 19 0 21 O Hempseed. perqoa ter34 0 35 0 Lin.eed, Eg. S.?i??g54 0 (?rushi,g .40 0 3 (J B?e?.????3804(« Odessa 42 0?0 Liaseed cake.pr 1,000 — £ s, d. £ s. tf. English 8 5 0 9 f> 0 Fo?ei ton 6 5 0 7 50 R? i" .prton3 15 0 4150 ?.M?.pr?t?eO?Ot

CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY. Traffic for the week ended 22nd December, 1850. 10 6 Parcels, II. C & D 5982 Groods, CattIL, &c 516 1 7 Mails. 575 0 O Steam Boats 131 15 S MOLD BRANCH. Passengers oJ 1 is Parcels 3 2 O Goods, Cattle, &e. 82 12 Total £ 2258 11 11

CARNARVONSHIRE AND ANGLESEY INFIRMARY. Reoort of the week ending Wednesday, Dec. 25. In-Paticiits remaining by last Report 8)9 „ admitted since. 1 ) discharged cured 6 ) r lieve(I 0 1 6 dead.. ••• 0 in the House 3 Out Patientes remaining by last report 10) I IH f, Admitted ?l 41 hyician. Dr. J. obe: n..L. Surgeon for the ensuing wee* — .Mr. lucnaras. Visitors, the Itev, g, Lewis, and Mr. E, Kvans. House Surgeon, Mr. John Rowland.

XI:\VYHDION" Tit AMOK.—AWSTKIA A PIIKWSIA. —Mae y teyrnasoedd liyn wedi llareiddio ychydig ell tyniliertti, ite v iiite gobiitli cryf y byd(I iddvnt adnewyddn yr hen deimladau cyfeillgar. Mae cvnghrair Olr.iutz mewn gweithrediad, ac Ilwe llIaterion yn myned yn wlaen yn lied lithrig livd vn liyn. Dywedir ibd Brenin Prwsia wedi rhodili g"oVchymyn i leihau'r byddinoedd a alwyd ïr maes. By"dii i'r cyfarfod er adferu heddweh yn Germany ddechreu ar y lSled. Agorir y cy- iarfod 'yn mhresenoldeb l'rif W cinidog Awstria, y I'vwysog Schwartzenburg, a Gweinidog Tramor- au ) Prwsia, Mr. Manteuffel; ar ol liyn pen- mulir commissioners gyda llawn awdurdod iddwyn vmlaen v gvnnadlcdd. Mae Etholwr Hesse Cassel yn bryderus iawn ■.mi ddychweled yn ol i'w brif ddi))as;ond nis 'ill wnevd hynny lieb yn gyntaf dderbyn gwa- loddiad rheolaidd oddiwrth y Scnedd, ac nid rhaid aros yn hir am hynny. i Lywydd y wlad I.oii D(iiii,,As ar y lOfed yr ail flwydd- ui o^i Ivwvddiaeth. Gwnaeth V llywydd araeth ar v pryd ag sydd yn boddloni rhai a digio emill. M.iv crvn vstwr yn cael ei gadw gyda golwg ar fil, iili,,id vil v ftii Hywodraetli, cr galluogi Louis Napoleon i barliau yn ei swydd lieb ail etliol. YI: EIDAI..— Mae M azzini, y Cliwyldrowr, \\("Ii cyrhaedd cy tliniall tiriogacthall'r l'ab, gyda'r buiiad o ail ennvn gwrtliryfel yn erbyn ci Sanet- uddrwydd. Ond nid ocs (Iiii; o ddt i'w dd.Usiwyl oddiwrth Chwyldrowyr proffesedig fd i?d)n Rolin, Kossuth, a Mazzini. Xid gwella'r Koss,?tli, t Nlizziiii. ?\i(I "°1,1 yw am can dy))iono'r ?t))i)y)!.end dyrchafu cuhun:tin;neyrydym?cdicae]di?oneddo brawf o llyn, AMLUHA.—Rliydd y papurau Amencaidd ha- ne-iun dii.;riM dros ben am weithrcdiadau Mr. Gcur.?Thon)son, A.S.yny?!ad honno. Yr ocdd?Ir. Thomson, I'd Mr. Cobden, yn dyrchafa yr Unol Daleitliiau uwch pob gwlad yn y byd; ond mae Mr. Thomson wedi cad di?onoachos i liiraetlni am lien Brydain wedi'r cwbl. Er ei fod liii.,iutlit, iiii licii lliytl?iiii N%-cdi'r e\bl. I-r (,i lo(I \ii i Itliio zir I- 1),Iyii,ar%A-clt," ni all(,Si d ('?yi-it lii\-r i vddfiii'r Yinlces, oiid Yiiikee I)(?d)ca pliys gleision. — r r//??. YmddcnL:vsi'od)n;.rc!n)adyNado)i?ynSmitn- i?tdvn?ac)ac))n.?-uncr's pum' nilyncdd. Yr (.tdd'vfMrd)nad hon YII wadach y llyucdd nag i.?wnun Hw\ddYnc\n hynny; ac elcni y mac yn waeth lyth. Yn mi; Rhagfyr, 1S1!», yr oedd y Ciu Eiiiion o os. (ic. ils. (ic. yr wyth-bwys; eleni Inae o 2s. (ie. i -Is. 2c. Cig Defaid, y llynedd, :)s, (ie. its. plcni, o3s. i Is. 2c. Yroedd v \-ii ,ttiifeiliai(I N-11 C(11.Cli )-ii xi-eil nan crioed o'l blaen. Yr oedd yn y ?rchnad agos ii? rl:oe(I o'i Yr oed(l)-ii y fzii-(-Iiiiid ai,,os fi,ii(i,o o ,?irtlieg i 2(;,Ooo o d(lefiid.-Y "L\¡:lJl \11 B\(,ot:Dyd(l Mawrth o flaeny Nadoliir, v" r oedd cin marclmad yn llawn o gig a _uv vddau. Prisiau yr olaf oedd o ;3s. !)c. i 2s. tic. Mutton, tic.

IMPROMPTU. '\t..rt.)u'.)(hindano)'ch)ddoiuMam?, \rh.ni) .11 .III:.(llddiu I1ll'wn soriant a g\ig, \iv.t')r?i wvncb v))unnan: Mae \vcdi?'?'?"?'?" \r ul y lMaeucllyild, v mmiyd, a'r awr, (.r?(!dM\? y Car(!h'?Yi-L'mau. Ffaith.—Bu r brifddinas yn ordocuig gan gadd- 'g vn ddiweddar. ac ni welwvd yr haul am naw liiuriiod. Bedi'r aehos ? Rhagi r addolwr dclwau vir.ii'rvmu tier bron Urcnin y Dydd! TAI.IIAIAKX.

(AVAII..—V11 ein riiilyn cliwcililal liarllener, ll [lun'i'ii a diorchwyl lluua'u dwd a diorchudd dan dy, archcu."

r GARDENING OPERATIONS. (From the Gardeners' Chronicle.) PLANT DEPART,NT. Of all things, watering requires most careful atten- tion at this season. Adhere strictly to the simple directions we have 30 frequently given, never to water till the soil immediately below the surface is suffi- ciently dry to warrant a full supply. Have a sharp eye to detect on the first appearance anything like sourness in the surface of the soil, and let it be imme- diately examined and rectifie(I worms frequently ren- der this necessary, and if the pots were carefully drained in the first instance, the frequent waterings will have washed down particles of soil, which will have sealed up cavities so necessary to secure a free passage for the water. Stagnation is certein death to tender rooted plants at this season, and if water be altogether withhelll, or if the dripping system be tried, the result in most cases will be the same. Keep the houses as dry as the external atmosphere will admit of: not by the excessive use of fire-heat, but by avoid- il\g as much possible the creation of unnecessary mois- ture, by spilling water, &c., and by admitting such a quantity of fresh air as shall, in connexion with mo- derate firing, remove any superabundant moisture un- avoidably created by watering, &c. FOltCING DEPARTMENT. Peaches in pots that are in a condition for forcing, being well established in pots of a suitable size, which they were shifted into last season, with plenty of fresh turfy loam, and the wood being well lÎpened and well supplied with fruit buds, may be introduced into a mild temperature, and plunged into a bed of ttin, leaves, or some other material which wui supply mem with a gcntlebottomhpat. Great care must be taken not to hasten too rapidly thc swelling of the buds, as they will either drop oft; or be so weakly when they expand, that not 1 in 10 will set. At the first com- mencement -1; will be high enough for the night temperature, and during the day a rise of lOg or 12", if the weather be fine and clear; 00° of bottom heat will be sufficient to commence with, and after the buds show signs of growth, a very slight increase of top and bottom heat may take place. Vines in pots may, on their introduction, be treated in the same manner, giving gentle syringings twice or thrice a day, according to the state of the weather. The same treatment will apply to the starting of Figs, Cherries, and Apricots, for the first few weeks, hut after that the Cherries will require to be kept much cooler than the other kinds of fruits. The advantage of growing these fruits in pots is, that all early supply can be ob- tained, and even a succession kept up in the early season, without starting an entire house of established trees at a period of the year which is unfavourable for the growth, and thus reserving the energies of these more valuable plants till a season more favourable for their development. nOWEl GARDEN. Advantage should be taken of frosty weather to do any rough work in the prineipa1 part õf the pleasure- ground, such as pruning trees and shrubs, the doing of which involves a considerable mess, which can be more easily removed in such weather. A similar op- portunity should be taken to wheel old exhausted soil from the flower-beds, and to replace it with fresh ma- terial, as this kind of work can be done in a frost in half the time that it would take if done when the ground and walks were soft, and with a tithe of the injurv to both which would lie inevitable in the latter case. When large evergreens move with good balls we have frequently taken advantage of such weather for the operation, and we never had a single failure in a shrub thus shifted. When the soil has been loose we have even prepared the trees in the afternoon pre- vious, that by morning the bails might be frozen hard enough to hold together. Wo do not however re- commend exposing the roots of smaller plants to frost, nor is there any necessity for it. I'I.ORISTS' I'LOWErs. At this time of the year, it ofter. happens that se- vere frost follows heavy wet. hen plants are over- done with moisture, they are more susceptible of frost than when moderately dry. I*, is therefore good po- licy for the amateur to guard against extremes of either one or the other. A double mat will he ad- visable over the Auricula frame at night, but should it be possible, even in severe weather, to give air, by all means let it be done nevertheless, severe frost is not so ruinous at this season as many imagine for we well rccollect an extensive grower, in consequence of absence from home, leaving his frame open to a very heavy fall of rain, which was succeeded by as severe a frost; plants, soil, and everything else were com- pletely frozen; but by covering up, excluding from the rays of the sun, and thawing them gradually, not the slighest injury was apparent. Tulip Beds will be more safe covered than exposed and Ranunculus and Anemone beds had better be thrown up, in order to sweeten and insure the destruction of insects, &e. Should -any one have Carnation layers unrooted at this season, they must be examined after a frost, and again pegged down. The directions given last week for the other departments will hold good during the few next coming weeks. KHCHEXGARDEX. Before the general manuring and trenching of vacant ground, it is necessary to decide on the rotation of crops which are to be cultivated upon it during the ensuing summer, that these operations may be ordered with special reference thereto. This arrangement should be made, not for one year only, but for a series or circle of' vears. One of the first principles to be attended to is, that no annual crop be grown for two successive years in the same plot of ground. Another variation should be made by taking care that those crops which Immediately succeed each other arc not such as are liable to be preyed upon by the fame kind ofdnsects, as their increase is encouraged to a fearfull extent by thus putting into their way the species of food which they are most fond of. It is important that both the manuring and the depth of the trenching be regulated by the requirements of the crops; and their rotation should be so arranged that the ground be not trcnehell to the same depth for two successive seasons, but so that different portions of the soil be brought to the surface in turns. The perennial or perman en t crops will, of course, form a clss by th em- selves, as they do not require a change of situation for many years; but when this is necessary with any por- tion of them, the ground from which they are removed will fall into the ordinary rotation in the way of a regu- lar exchange. But we will take a future opportunity of to this part of the subject, and confine ourselves for the present to the annual crops. By culti- ,ati?g the CelNY and Cardoon on the Scotch or wide bed system, a large ridge of soil is thrown Hp between the trenches, the surface of which is excellently adapted for the cultivation of dwarf Peas, Beans, Spinach, Turnips, and similar vegetables; observing, however, that only the earlier sowings of these several crops should be made on these ridges, that they may be re- moved in due course, before the ground is required for earthing up the principal crop. As a mtter of course this arrangement must not interfere with the very earliest crops of Peas, &c., which are generally allowed a place on the side borders near the walls. For the latest crops of Peas, a portion of ground must be allotted, which, with that occupied by the Celery and Cardoon ridges, will generally amount to about one- third of the ground occupied by annual vegetables. The extensive turning over which the Celery and Car- doon soil undergoes, acts admirably in preparing the ground for deep rooting plants, such as Turnips, Carrots, Onions, &c., and in the following year may be devoted to the cultivation of the Cabbage family, whose roots are confined more nearly to the surface. If the vegetable garden is so large as to allow of the cultiva- tion of a portion of the general Potato crop within the walls, it will form a fourth course in the rotation, and will come in after the Brassica tribe. Working upon this system, Cabbages have been plaifted during the autumn on ground which had been occupied by late summer Turnips; and the ground which now requires trenching is that from which the later Turnips, Onions, Carrots, Beet, kp., have been removed, and which will next spring be planted with Cauliflower, Broccoli, &e. Preparation for these should be made by trenching in a very heavy dressing of manure, which shall serve for that and the succeeding crop; as the last few years have fully convinced us of the impropriety of planting Potatocs on groundrccently manured.

The London Sun says that the Irish primate 01 tlie Papacy, C'ullen, has never ?et sworn aU?iancetote SoVKUJiKiN of these realms. Mr. Daniel O'Cumu-ll, youngest son of the "Libera- tor," shootiii, :it ifter disehargmgoueofie barn'ls of his double fowling-piece, was about reloading it, when the other undischarged barrel exploded, shatter- ing the left haud frightfully. Lock jaw is apprehended,

EDUCATION OF FARMERS' SONS. THE SCHOOL AT CIRENCESTER. (From the Agricultural Gazette.) The insufficient education provided by the great proportion of the farmers in this kingdom for their sons, intended for their own occupation, has been a subject of common observation. It is a remarkable feature in our agricultural policy. We may MH, that under the great changes now in progress, thl3 is a real misfortune, and will place the youth des- tined to follow this occupation under grievous dis- advantages. In time to come, agriculture will rank amongst the sciences, and must seek the aid of many of them, if it is to be cultivated successfully; and a more or less intimate acquaintance with sciences essentially connected with it, chemistry, geology, mechanics, and vegetable physiology, will be indis- pensable. We are nevertheless informed on autho- rity on which we can rely, that there are farmers nt this moment availing themselves of the village schools, provided for the gratuitous education of the children of the poor, for the teaching of their ch ildren. It was under the conviction that suitable instruction for farmers' sons was the great want of the age, that we rejoiced at the efforts made some few years ago to found an Agricultural College, and the promise of success afforded by the fine institution erected near Cirencester. We hoped and believed there never would have been an empty bed in it, but we have regretted to hear from time to time that the number of pupils was insufficient to clear the expenses. From inquiries we have made, we believe the main cause of difficulty has arisen from the founders having overlooked the point with which we commenced our remarks; and that, with some exceptions, the lads sent there had been by no means previously educated up to the mark, and were therefore not in a position to avail themselves of the advantages provided for them. We are fortified in this opinion by knowing that some of the better qualified, who therefore were capable of appreciating these advantages, have since filled responsible situations with credit to themselves, and some of them have contributed usefully to our agricultural literature. The Council of the College, after much considera- tion, have, we understand, come to the resolution to remodel the College, to meet the practical difficulty to which we have adverted; and we think they have judiciously determined to provide, on the foundation, a school for younger boys under 16 years of age, 111 which a good general education will be given, in con- nexion with agricultural training, which will gra- dually enable the pupils to understand and appreciate the lectures and demonstrations of the scientific pro- fessors. While the education given will be mainly directed to the pursuit of agriculture, we are informed it will be such as will qualify lads for any useful pursuit in which circumstances may place them, whether as bailiffs, land-agents, or emigrants, or in any commercial occupation. The College system of education will be preserved for older students resident out of the College, in an establishment under the superintendence of one of the Professors. Another alteration in the administration of this Institution has been determined on, which we also consider judicious; which is, that the attention of the Principal will be devoted exclusively to the teach- ing and superintendence of the school and College, and that the farm will be placed under the manage- ment of a practical farmer fully sensible of the advan- tages yet to be derived from the alliance of science with practice, who will avail himself of all well esta- blished improvements in the conduct of the farm. Cp to the present time the Principal has not only had the entire superintendence of the students, an apple occupation in itself, but also of the farm, containing about 700 acres, which in these times would well engage another mind. We learn that upwards of £30,000 have been expended in providing every requisite for the suc- cessful advance of this highly useful and important Institution, in which we see by the prospectus a boy under 14 years of agQ may be boarded and edu- cated, in the most efficient manner, at the moderate cost of -15 guineas per annum. We earnestly hope that fathers will avail themselves of these advan- tages, and we would anxiously impress upon the sons the many difficulties which at present beset their path, and the absolute necessity of their as- siduously and zealously availing themselves of the various sourcca of knowledge provided by thi3 Institution.

TO THE FRIENDS OF PROTECTION TO ALL BRITISH INTERESTS. AIMMU'.SS or THE GENEltAL COSIMITTE OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY AND CAPITAL THROUGHOUT THE BRITISH EMPIRE. Fellow-Countrymen and Friends, Approaching the close of another eventful year, and in contemplation of a renewed struggle for the restor- ation of our rights when the next Session of Parliament shall be opened, we feel it our duty to tender for your consideration some practical suggestions, with a view to prevent divisions which would be fatal to our cause, and to promote that unity of purpose and of action which can alone insure its final success. We shall content ourselves with a passing allusion to the existing position of public affairs as bearing oil the great question in issue between Protection and Free-trade. It is not controversy but action that we seek. Suffice it therefore to say, that we perceive no reason, in the present state of the country in all its relations, domestic, colonial, or foreign, for qualifying the convictions we have so repeatedly expressed, that Free-trade is sapping the foundations on which the national welfare is dependent, and that just Protection to Native and Colonial Interests is not only an indivi- dual right, but that its speedy restoration is indispen- sable to public prosperity, peace and safety. Weare indeed convinced, that, unless the unrestricted impor- tation of foreign produce be promptly checked by le- gislative interference, the just payment of rent to the landowner— of adequate wages to the labourer—of di- vidend to the fundholder-and of taxes to the State will be rendered impossible. We reserve for more fitting occasion the refutation of those sophisms by which our opponents seek to de- duce, from the present apparently prosperous condition of certain interests, conclusions adverse to these views and favourable to their own destructive dogmas. It will be recollected that, at the commencement of the present year, entertaining no confidence in the sympathy of the House of Commons in the state of parties then existing, we recommended you to carry your complaints to the foot of the throne and to pray Her Majesty, by a dissolution of Parliament, to afford to her suffering and injured people- the opportunity ofelcctiug representatives who would render them the justice hi- therto so pertinaciously denied them. The recommenda- tion was adopted throughout the Country. In almost evorvCounty, meetings—numerous, determi_ ned,enthu- siastic-were held, By all, resolutions declaratory of wide-spread distress and ruin were adopted;—by all, the calamities described were attributed to the vicious legislation to which we are opposed ;—and from all quarters, Addresses to the Crown poured in, praying for the constitutional redress which the Crown alone could extend. But the baneful influence of evil coun- sellors unhappily prevailed over the reasons which might have gained the sympathy and induced the in- terposition of the Sovereign. The prayer of multitudes of petitioners, whose distresses were undisputed and whose loyalty was indisputable, passed unheeded, and their wrongs remain to this moment unredressed. Agriculture, the true alld only solitl foundation of na- tional strem/th and yreatness, is reduced to a condition of unprecedented and dangerous depression ;—our Co- lonies, unable to sustain the pressure of foreign com- petition, continue to languish ;—Navigation declines under the repeal of the Navigation laws; the Home trade suffers ;—and even the boasted Foreign trade, though in some departments reviving from former prostration, exhibits unmistakable symptoms of a forced and temporary flush, destined ere long to yield to the one general and corroding bane, unequal com- petition with foreign nations, designated in bitter and exasperating mockery-" Free Trade." Abandoned thus by State authorities, some have despaired of the restoration of Protection. We partake of no such feeling. Behind the cloud we perceive many bright indications, forbidding despondency and giving cheering encouragement for renewed exertion. Our spirit is unsubdued and our ranks are unbroken. Experience has signally falsified the predictions of our arrogant opponents. Above all, though many aristo- cratic proprietors and overgrown capitalists oppose us, while others, Protectionists in heart but timid and vacillating in action, shrink from boldly vindicating their principles we still find abundant compensation in the rapidly awakening conviction of the working classes, that the struggle we are maintaining is chiefly and essentially for the rights and the interests of labour :-that Protection is the poor man's question -that unrestricted foreign competition means poverty and degradation to the masses of the community, sLleh as actually exist in many countries from which the cheapest food is importedin short, that Free-trade is a gigantic fraud, of which they are destined ulti- mately to be the victims. With diminishing wages and decreasing employment these convictions cannot fail to be confirmed, and then the reaction will be speedy and decisive. Deeming it therefore our duty unfalteringly to persevere, the numerous enquiries ad- dressed to us by associated bodies of Protectionists throughout the country have led us anxiously to con- sider what specific course of action should be now re- commended for concentrating the efforts of all friends to the good cause out of Parliament, preparatory to the renewal of the contest within its walls, when the ap- proaching Session shall commence. And we have now accordingly, without reserve, to submit our views, together with the reasons that have led us to the re- commendations we have to offer. Irrespectively of all details, it is plain that two dis- tinct and opposite general courses are open to those who seek relief from the pressure of unfair foreign competition. The first is to endeavour, by reduction of burdens, and by diminution of cost of production to enable the suffering interests to sustain the pressure. And the second is to contend for a restoration of Pro- tection, equivalent at least to the disabilities caused by nublic burdens and other disqualifying circumstances. ?Nre have given to each of these courses our deepest ld most anxious atte tioii, and, after deliberate con- sideration, we unhesitatmgly adnse yon to pursue wIth renewed and redoubled energy the latter alternative. We trust we shall not be misunderstood as under- valuing the importance of economy in public expendi- ture _aS dissuading from the endeavour to procure remission of taxation to the full extent that is compa- tible with the national safety and honour,—or as being insensible to the importance of its adjustment on principles calculated to render its pressure more con- ?,?;t,,nt with equity. But we are thoroughly convinced, that, unless national security be abandoned, national institutions abrogated, and n ,tional faith violated, no remission of taxation can enable the British producer to maintain successfully an unrestricted compe ition with foreigners, in any of the great departments of prodintion at home, excepting onlll that of certain textile fabrics. It is apparent, also, that such remission would not afford re lief to the C010nies or to Navigation, both of which interests, equally with those at home, are ruin- ously depressed by Free-trade legislation. As an equivalent for the depriNltion of Protection, therefore, we rcardthe expedient of reduction of public burthem as a delusion and a snare: as abstmetedly just and necessary, it deserves every consideration for sure we are that all that can be obtained will be abundantly needed, even under a restoration of Protection. Finally, we feel that, while to contend for adaptation to the system we deprecate would be almost to admit that system to be irreversible, every step advanced in the direction of adaptation practically interposes an impediment to its actual reversal. It rivets the chain we are anxious to break, and, if adopted as a remedy, would almost convert the Protectionist party into mere Parliamentary and Financial Reformers." For these reasons, deciding that every energy ought still to be exerted to regain protection, we have had to grapple with the obvious difficulty of fixing on some definite object, the attainment of which could be pre- sented to Protectionists engaged in all the varied de- partments of the national interests, with sufficient claims on their united sympathy and support to ensure their general and zealous co-operation. In the consideration of this important question, the probability has not escaped us that, by adopting some of the propositions for relieving Agriculturc most in favour with particular portions of agricultural Protectionists, no inconsiderable degree of popular support might be concialia!ed, But considering that the Association was established for the express pur- pose of obtaining just Protection to every department of industrial pursuit, it did not appear to us consistent to put forward claims restricted to the relief of one particular interest only, however important that in- terest or however urgent its necessities. And if, for this reason, we have felt ourselves precluded from re- commending agitation in favour of any, project calcu- lated to extend Protection to British Agriculture alone, we are persuaded that not only will British agri- culturists acquiesce in the propriety of making com- mon cause with British colonists, manufacturers, and shipowners, as a question of consistency, but they will recognize the policy of such a course as the only one that can ensure final success. It was by dividing in- terests that Free-trade overthrew Protection. It is by uniting interests that Protection must triumph over Free-trade. We have endeavoured therefore to decide on the important question before us on grounds common to all: and we implore all who value the principle of Protection to approach the question in a comprehen- sive spirit, reserving any differences of detail till they can be submitted to the arbitrement of some authority anxious to maintain the principle, and ready to decide justly between conflicting opinions. We have now cleared the ground for specifically submitting to you the course we would recommend for Ur= a 3 option, We would recall to your recol- ??"tioTl that it was less by special Acts of Parliament enacting Free-trade, that Protection was abolished, than by changes in the Tariff of Customs Duties dimi- nishing or withdrawing the Protective duties payable on the import of articles of forei n pr di'ctl'oi IVe advise you strenuously and unitedly to ayitate for a vision of the Tariff, with an especial view to exacting from the foreign producer, as the condition of his ad- mission to the British market, Import Duties involving a contribution to the general revenue at least equal with that paid by the home proditeer adding thereto a claim for a reconsideration of the Navigation Act of 1819, as equally due to the British Shipowner and necessary to the public safety; and also an energetic demand for re- vision and amendment of the present Currellcy Laws, the provisions of which not only embarrassed the ac- tion of the Protective laws while they existed, but ma- teriallycontributed to the ultimate subversion of those laws, and would again impede and neutralize their action if restored A motion in support of such views, powerfully introduced and supported at the very com- mencement of the Session, would bring to a decisive test how far reliance may be placed on the present House of Commons for relief. If successful, it would destroy the ascendancy of the Free-trade principle and displace the Free-trade Ministry, If otherwise, as it wil then be evident that from the present Par- liament relief is hopeless, we shall be prepared to con- vene an aggregate meeting of Delegates from all do- mestic and colonial interests, and shaH not shrink from recommending the adoption of the strongest measures consistent with the laws and constitution of the realm, for compelling a redress of wrongs daily becoming more grievous and ititolerible. It will of course be perceived that our recommenda- tion involves an appeal to the House of Commons, which, previously to the last Session, we repudiated. But in this change we believe there will be found no real inconsistency. For, first, the appeal to the Crown, which we then preferred, has since been made, and has failed. And, secondly, various circumstances have since occurred and are now in progress, which alter so materially the state of parties in the Lower House of Parliament, as (irrespectively of the effects on the minds of independent Members of another year's experience of the pernicious results of Free- trade policy) to prescnt the probabilities of success in a very different and much more favourable light. We advise, then:fore, that without delay, Meetings of the Friends of Protection should be convened in aery [oca- lity, and Pelit;o?is to the effect we have recommended be prepared for presentation to the House of Commons immediately on the opening of the ensuing Session. To the House of Lords it would not be consistent to pre- sent precisely similar Petitions, revision of Customs Duties not being within their constitutional functions but, to facilitate the proceedings of meetings, we sub- mit Forms of Petitions to both Houses which may of course be adopted or altered at pleasure, to meet the circumstances or views of different localities. Finally, assuring you of our undiminished zeal in the cause, and our unabated confidence in its ultimate success, while we deeply sympathise with you in the unmerited sufferings to which you are subjected, we call on you to join us with ardour in a renewed struggle, disproving thus the" weak invention of the enemy," that Protection is dead, and assured that by a vigorous effort, in spite of the empty boastings of our adver- saries, its speedy restoration is secure. By order and on behalf of the General Committee, GEOROE FREDERICK YOUNG, Chairman of the Acting Committee, South Sea House, London, Dec. 12, 1850.

A KITCHEN HUSBAND.—A kitchen husband, who keeps all the money in his own pocket, and plays the part of purveyor for the householll-not even authorising his wife to send for a pound of sugar or butter without his sove- reign and special permission-is about as contemptible a specimen of humanity as one can iiiiagiiie unless his wife be a fool or a drunkard, and then his conduct is praiseworthy. A man with a regular or comfortable in- come should allow his wife a certain sum for housekeeping, and let her manage just as she pleases. The less they talk of money matters the better. Money is the root of all evil; it is sure to destroy domestic felicity. If possible do not even converse about it. We knew a gentleman who was so averse to money transactions with his wile, that, in order to avoid giving it into her hands, he put it into a corner of his desk at the commencement of every quarter, and there she never failed to find it, and he never asked her what she did with it. Many a miserable wretch might yet become a happy man by following a similar system,-làmilll Herald.

REVIEW OF THE CORN TRADE, (From the Mark-lane Express.) The weather has, during the last day or two, been frosty; but this change is too recent to have wrought any improvement in the condition of Wheat of this year's growth, and at all the markets held since our last, the supplies have come forward in rough, damp order. There has, consequently, been no inclination to purchase more than needed for immediate use, and the trade has remained in much the same position as before. The holdings are now too close at hand to -allow us to expect much activity in business till after the close of the year; but, as we attribute much of the recent depression to the very bad condition in which the deliveries from the growers have been brought forward, we are still inclined to think that such an improvement as an interval of frost would produce in this respect would have the effect of imparting more activity to the demand, and checking the downward movement. We have frequently expressed a decided opinion against the probability of high or even re- munerating price with the free admission of grain into this country, and the experience of the last two years has strengthened our conviction in the correct- ness of this belief; still, under existing circumstances, a moderate rise on the present rates does not strike us as altogether unlikely. The last crop of Wheat was unquestionably short, taking the whole of the United Kingdom; and, not- withstanding the enormous importations which have taken place, the stocks of foreign Wheat in granary are not particularly heavy. If, therefore, the supplies from abroad should during the next two or three months prove light, (which, considering that the northern pons of Europe will in all probability be soon closed by ice, is not an unreaaonable supposition) quotations might easily rule somewhat higher than they now do. This is as much as can be expected; for, with the spring we shall certainly have renewed supplies on a liberal scale, and, if the crops on the ground then wear a favourable appearance, tew parties will be disposed to speculate on high prices. The arrivals from abroad have not been particularly large during the week still, more foreign corn and flour have come forward than had been previously cal- culated oil. A good many cargoes of Wheat have arrived off Falmouth from Odessa and other ports lying east of Gibraltar, and at Liverpool considerable quantities of Flour have been received from America and France. Indeed, the supplies have for some time past been more liberal there than at ports on this side of the island; and, notwithstanding a very large con- sumptive demand in the manufacturing districts stocks have rather accumulated.

fHE CORN MARKETS. LONDON CORN EXCHANGE, Mondav, December Z3,- Most of the provincial markets held on Saturday were tolerably well, but not to say extensively, supplied with English wheat. Selected samples were mostly held at lull but the middling and inferior kinds gave way Is per nr 1.1 foreign wheats next to nothing was doing, line heavy barley was quite as dear as in the preceding week; but grinding and distilling sorts gare way Is per qr, The fr malt, beans, peas, and flour fell oft; but oats had an upward tendency. Later advices from New York are to the effect that owing to heavy arrivals, both wheat and flour were giving way in price. The Baltic and Black Sea mar- kets have ruled dull; but the flour trade in France is still active. The arrivals of English grain up to our market last weet were on the increase, From abroad we received 19 .?1 qrs. of wheat, 3,170 barley, 3,534 oats, 1,^60 beans, 1,812 peas, G8 tares, 933 linseed, J,<25 rapeseed 93 mustard- seed, 251 sundry secas, 4,721 sacks, and 2 394 brls. of Hour. The ouantitv ??????ii?sh wheat received fresh up to this ?he nuntitv of Eng and Suffolk, coist?vi?, scafouably good as to quantity, but of very middling I „ rnilivav conveyance several PiLr"ls came fresh Swa S.nS,S itaffiUifc. On the whole the show of samples of both red and white was somewhat exteu- :r? i gt'o which the con tinned pressure of foreign flour ? ;ole, and the thin attendance of both town and country the den?dfo. all kinds of wheat of home produce ruled excessively heavy, at a decline in the quotations obtained on Monday last of from Is to 2s per qr, and at which a clear ancc was not effected at the close of business. For forward delivery scarcely any business was doing, notwithstanding the low prices asked by the shippers, The quantity offresh foreign wheat on show was larger than for some time past. Fine qualities ruled very dull, at about last week's quotations; but the secondary and inferior parcels gave way Is per l? I in ?a]L?. With both as which very little progress was made in sales. With both English and foreign barley we were fairly supplied As most of the dealers and malsters are now well in stock the barley trade was very dull, at a fall in value of fully Is. per quarter. This decline refers to all descriptions, The show of malt was good. Most kinds met a very inactive inquiry, and in some instances, the currencies were a shade easier than on this day se'nnight. Good sound oats were in tair request at full prices, but damp and inferior parcels were neglected For beans the demand ruled heavy at a dc, cline in the quotations of Is per qr. Peas of all kinds were very dull and quite Is per qr. lower. Indian corn drooping. The flour trade was heavy, and anything below first-rate qualities were Is per sack lower to purchase. n Wheat-Essex and Kent, Keel, rsevv .m 10 m Ditto, White, New 39 10 Norfolk and Lincoln, lted 41 Ditto, \Vhitt: 37 42 Irish, Red I. — Ditto, N%Iliite Itve-Old 2G 27 New 28 29 Barley—Grinding 20 23 Malting 25 27 Chevalier 28 30 Malt-Suffolk nnd Norfolk. 43 48 Brown 40 .12 Kingston and Ware 47 51 Malt-Chevalier I 52 55 Oat.-Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, Feed 17 H) Potato. 1" 23 Yougliall and Cork, Black 15 17 Co'k, White 15 IS Scoicli, Feed. It) 21 Beans-Tick. 23 29 Pigeons 27 32 PeaB—Grey. 25 28 ;.laple 27 32 White. 24 27 Boilers 27 32 Flour—Town-made 35 40 Suffolk 29 33 Stockton and Norfolk 29 34 CIIKSTEK COUN MARKET, Saturday, December 21.— We had a fair show of all sorts of grain, and prices remain the same as this day week. Wheat, white, per 7 ilbs, (is. 3d to tis. 6d; red, (is. 2il to 6s 4d; oats, new, per 461bs Id to 2s Gd beans, per SOlbs, 4s. 9d to .58' Od; barley, grinding, 3s 3d to 3s. 6d ditto, malting, per 38 qts. :is Ud to 4s. LIVERPOOL COBX EXCHANGE, Tuesday, December 21. The arrivals of oats and oatmeal from Ireland this week are larger than for some time, but of wheat, flour, and other articles, they arc still small. The supplies from abroad arc reduced this week. There has been no particular activity in the grain trade during the week; a few purchases of wheat and flour have been made for shipment to Ireland, hut there has been no observable change in general quota- tions. The attendance at this morning's market was slight, and the general business dull. Wheat and flour were con- sidered as without change in value, but oats gave way Id to ii(I per bushel, and oatmeal 3d to 6d per load. Barley, beans, and peas supported lato rates. Indian corn was 111 better request than during the week, and very full prices were obtained; 31s Gd per ISOlbs was paid for prime Ameri- can yellow corn. Wheat (.per 7"lbs. <1- s. d. English, White ti 2 to 6 6 I Red 5 10 6 0 Irish, best nd 5 ti 5 8 Lower quality 5 6 5 9 Manx, lied and White New 5 9 510 Danzig G 10 7 O Mixed 12 6 t; Lower Baltic White 5 10 6 0 Amcican, and Canadian White G 2 6 4 lt(!Il .5 8 ,3 li) Flour (per 23111bs) English, Superfine 30 0 31 0 Ditto, extra superfine 33 O 34 0 Western Canal & Richmond (per 196lbs) 21 0 22 6 Philadelphia and Baltimore.. Ditto. 23 0 V3 6 New Orlcans and Ohio. Ditto 23 0 23 6 Canadian, Fine Ditto. 21 0 22 0 United States & Canadian Sour Ditto.. 19 0 20 0 Oats, (per 451bs) English, Scotch & Welsh 3 0 3 2 Irish, Mealing qualities 2 7 2 7 j Korcisn 7 3 0 Oatmeal (2491bs) English Scotch & Welsh 24 0 24 d Irish, New. 22 6 2,) 0 Old 21 0 22 b1 n)ft ;???. 21 0 21 6 Barley, (per imperial qr.,) English Malting 26 0 V7 0 Bartey.('perimperiaIqr.,)EngUsh Malting 260 ?70 Irish, Scotch and :lIanx, 3 3 3 0 Malt, per qr,, Norfolk aud Suffolk, New.. 51 0 50 0 ))evon, Inland &c. M 0 5? 0 Brown. 46 O 480 Ccansperqr.ofimp.bush.,Eng)ish,Ncw280 32 0 Irish and Scotch ?5 0 8 0 Eg'yptian 24 0 21 9 rea?, py? qr p. bt?.,h,, white b,??k?r? 32 0 31 o Foreign Ditto 30 0 ^2 0 129 8 IS °o  Ryc? 'per .1S,¡lbs" White, 22 0 21 o ?ianC.rn,pcr4SO?. White 32 0 if ? Yellow 31 0 31 6 Indian Cora Meal, per l96?, While 15 0 16 0 Ditto S.d) 3 6 4 0 Bran, pe[2Ub9. 010 1 0

RAILWAY RECEIPTS. £ £ This week. Same IM9. ?b<rdee.i. "15.. ?t í;jfa:¡dï3;1ÍŸ 7 BirkMhfad,Lan?h're.andChesh)re.92.. 7:1) Caledonian £ £ 13 5931 Chester and H.1y?.e.d 22?.? 1213 Dublin and Be'.fast Junction 3.18 3i/ DuMiiiBnd Dro?heda. 843 5)0 gt\\ [, g f ])"iidee, Ilerth, and Al,?,d641 SM Fast Anglian ?09 5j7 erii ('ounties. 14515 151¡ a3li I 29 East Lancashire itl Ea ,tern Union. 18.39 159-J: Edinburgh a?d GlwoNv 3371 2.81 Ed.nbu?hPer[h.<n?dDundee. 2036 2S'M Glasgow, Paisley, and Greenock nJ.. 8? G'go" and Soath %A'estern Orat Northern. C8.5 261.» G r:at Southern aLd Western 41.1 3; 3 Great Western Ii4?3A22J I.ancashire and Yorkshire 14l83 10£ 9n9 Leeds and Thirsk 814 6M Liverpool, Crosby, audsoutli i? it 2-"4 /7 Loudon, Brighton, and South Coast 8399 -669 London and North Western.. 41485 40024 London and Blackwall.. £ 55 53J Loud n andSouth We>t«rn 811?., Mancbe,ter, Buxton, Matluek and Midland 112 84 Ala?,h? ster, Sheffield, and Lincolnhire 5St:5 4:j6 Manchester South Junction and Altrincham 344 277 Midland Countje. 2W.13 20 ) Midland Gr<-atW<-?rE. ,220 1159 and I 4.511 3 i3 Newcastle and Carlisle 2 50 )?t North Staffordshire ?'t 3,3! Scottish Centra' ^45 i)8i Shrewsbury and Birmingham 6-,5 337 im:n:H¡,;f: 11 ? :ri S. nth Devon I' Sou.A Eastern and Dover f3it ? 8301 South Wales • • • • •» È:rtt> l[ Whitehaven Junction 194 York, Ne\Va.t1e, ?dB'erwtek.???'.? 13212 .? 11,15 York and North btllaDd.. 66?9 09^0 FOREIGN. Boulogne and Amiens.» Cetral 303;) 2404 Dutch Rhenish 807 9 ;4 Northeru M FraM. 17191 143-T Ift'¡ 'r :¡ 'f Paris and Orleans ,8;7 6/33 PMit a?I R, 'le n,, 5441  Parisand StrMburg  Rouen and Havre

BANKRUPTS. From the Gazelle of Friday, December 20. John Voller, builder, Laudport, Southampton.—Samuel Jeffreys, maister, Eltham, Kent,—Thomas Evans, inkcepcr, Fen Ditton, Cambridgeshire.-James Mayhew Cansdale, draper, Norwich.—Samuel Willett, sen" glazier, Chclten. ham.—J ohn Lindsay, grocer, Neath, Glamorganshire.— William Laycock, iron merchant. Liverpool.-Charles Robinson, ,a¡¡maker, Liverpool.—Septimus Frederick Iar. ty 11 j draper, Bishop Auckland. From tho Gazelle of Tuesday, Deccmba U, John Burgoync Pilliu, and George Alfred Pillin, sword Livery-stable keeper, Newmarket.—George Ii:ton, .a- tractor, Elizabeth-terrace, Islington.—John- Biirbe*^ builder, Eaton Locon, Bedfordshire.—Jolm Nix liarlow chant, Rauisgatc.— Henry Ilamer, iiaouarapbr, MacL&iar6- cutlers, Featherstone-buildings, Ilolboni.—Charles Marson, oad.