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o.n a fiiitr, si,i;i;i'iNGI
o.n a fiiitr, si,i;i;i'iNG I T'f)))Uv\t'ycthuwprof\)n(]i\?fp *1', i- silence oi' thy tranquil ^1'C]I' T.'<.)!cn!rt.tt))\trantj))i))rc] )' [j all imbnde the si^hs which tlow 1'; om the eaJIl1 breast u: s potless snow, 1 ike imisie heard i ream, Thv SKUI is filled with gentle thouijit, 1 uto its shrine by angels brought I 'roin Heaven's snj■rcine abode Thy dreams are not of earthly tilings, tui, borne upon winys, i'l.cv lift tliee up to <i«d.
Tin: 1.1: v IATHAN.
Tin: 1.1: v IATHAN. A« when the bnjjc Leviathan is seen TussM anJ slumbering 'miilst his native ice, Tla. seamen ply till'il' oar with anxious "lien, (lu¡d,; ever'y eye, and noiseless every voice; And BoW the kecn lmrpou i its entrance makes, At Jir,t it, till tl, '\Yht?t"'t)'L'?"?fmu.?:?m).? .\w.\kc\'), I And his browl tail ,prcads devastation round. Sn when a natIOn (:011 and sluggish lies, S)..tt!'nt)sh.wthc?)'j'rc?drin'st))cs(c-c); At lirst 11?,' wound's nntelt—a^ain lie tries, |>, tp sinks the shaft, and now the people feel, riiaced \1) the quick, tht tail soon nmuutsou liinh, And S\,1clll!our, wealth, aud power, iu oni1 sad rllill lie
THK M'AV YE A11.
THK M'AV YE A11. Another veir I turn t > welcome now, \\i'? ??tt).) e'?n..ss,a.ut?it).' .<"h<r joy; For time has taught me, voting tho' yet my '?.w, That mortals ta-te no bliss w ithout alloy Since last I hail',1 th dawn of a new war, How many friends are nunc, who then were lieie. And some all health, and gaiety, and hope. Deeming 1hat life to them could never chan e ,?:'??;'?."??:.?'?!???? H?t!fss.shis..?'n?'t""?'?? And can we, too presumptuous beings, say <?'?'?'?t'?"ti'cm'xtth?))?-?.'y. Another vear' may <)? it well, t.i)?tin'K'rita))<c.uttn?)c?ed.tmie So I nay me, that after years may tdl I wasted Hot my youth, nor idly pass .1 my prime, I'ut soiigli! for treasures, worthier than those That misers heap, or sparkling minus disclose. (\umiriwi, JCW. 1st, l«f. Sl'lil.l.A.
TO A YOUNG LADY. I
TO A YOUNG LADY. The.s Hot a \\o:d tliy lip hath brcath'd, A lock thine eve hath given, Tha' is "lit shrined within my heart, Like to a dream of heaven There's not u spot where we have met, A favourite llower or tree There's not a se<nc bv thee belovul, That is not prized by ine. hi ne'er I hear tile linnet's song-, Or tile hlithe woodlark's la. Or mark upon the golden w est The rosy clouds* decay. WhcneYr I catch the breath of lfowers, Or music frum the tree; Thought wings her way to distallt bowers, And memory clings to thee.
PASSIONS AND l'LOWEUS.
PASSIONS AND l'LOWEUS. Oh, passions and flowers have their being" together, Aud scarce should exist for a bright sunny day, Kre night they should die, for old age and the weather Their beauties destroy as they haste to decay. When plucked, the sweet violet loses its beauty, Its odour remains, but its bright Aud the passions that lead us frail mortals from dutv Should live in rcineinhrance, tho* laded andi dead. At eve who has felt the fair woodbine bestowing its sweets on the arbour that beauty's smiles tilled, Aud watched every flow'r in the morning o'er flow iii £ "ith tears from the breath of Aurora distilled ? Who has felt in the deep hollow calm of the twi, light The kisses of passion that heated his brain. "hell morn hath succeeded the silvery skylight, The tlectiug endearments are followed hy pain. How fair looks the rosebud just hurstinir the lips of The 1I10SS that envelopes its delieate Hut w hen in full bloom, all its beauty soon slips oil, And sunk on the earth uninviting it lies. SO with passions, they seem when h'J- ginning To move the young heart with their impulse a)uuLY, Jlut whell wv'vc ¡{fln'n 01\\ inourhahits of sinning, Tis vain h) seek beuuty the rank weeds U.U\U"g I How lovely the twin rov reclines on the bosom Of beaiitv, enchanting Ihe rapturous eye, And the white breast receiving a tint frum the hlos50:JK I .ends <> race tu the buds as they ban* blushing- by Then pa:,¡o sand tltnHrs, if you' view thlI;1 with pleasure, While budding should daily be nipped cro they bloom when old, tliev no longer arc thought any treasure, All" "ISIS and passions 1111111 frightful become.
TI1K I.AMU ANS> TUi; HUIAR.I
TI1K I.AMU ANS> TUi; HUIAR. Our day in a squall of ralll, thunder and all, iiv Jove l'ut from heaven belter skelter, V poor little lamb. W ilO lull lr.l\ \1 from her dam, Lm»k\l anxiously round for a shelter. A, all dripping she stood U\ tUe side of a woo t Sa\s a bramble, ¡th branches so pleasant, b> prav, love, walk in, 44 Yuu'll be wet to the s kin. 44 You had better step hi for the present." "0 sooner sat lown, !>ul this biamble so Throw his 11}q prickly arms ail aivund hov, Au-t so tkhtiy embraced Ih r young delie.Ue waist, With a'freedom enough to astound her. As the storm was gone h\ To ge t home she would try, Though the mod lliI tile path lies hut decpish Sow the bramble had pass'd Through the lfeece, and held fast. Which made the poor baa 1,lIb look sheepish. Al., itt., hlllh. t-luolh she, that I am. Thus to trust to this horrible bramble, \1." l'oat though 1 lose, 14 And un- soft skin abuse, 41 I'iii resolved from his clutches to serumble. I've seen just enough Of this briar so rou&h To fully ('oll,inc\1. pray yc mind me, That 'tis hotter to «» h\' '• In my wet el«)thes all day, Than sheHer, and kaH' thtm behind mc," Then she cur^'d the fal>e frielids, W ho, 1.ÜH \L,ir nwn ends. A)m?tk.?.f.m\ut)..at.L'ttW?u:dtc.n'utt'. So, •;«»• ■([ ne.^hhnms take care, And «> la\\>»rs beware, Or\\11\rl1i:.r.l\. LI take l'an uf.
ILorcil lutrUtgfncf. I
ILorcil lutrUtgfncf. LLAXSALNTI I RAin GLAX-CONWAY ANTI- fATJlOf.K; MEKTI.NG. On Tuesday moniini;, December Hie Wtli, at eleven o'eloek, a public meeting wus tiekl in the parish church nf I.lausaintOiaid-(iian Conway, to consider of the expediency c-f addressing his nia jesty on the subject of the catholic claims. ''? \Vir,uvM 'Wtu.n.MN of Hendrewriclod, was unanimously voted hto the chair, \nù warmly -d- d.??J thcn??.t<n?tt)t;<)')\iectforwhiththfy HKdasM'u)?)et). I'opery, he said, in all ages, and cTeti t" this dav, was h"stih' to tbe truth of God, and, ill iiscHV-i-ts, inimical to the peace alld pms perity of the protectant community. i then rtall a petition to his majistv, praying that he would not consent tu the admis>iou of thoe persons to political power, "ito h, Id the pernicious tenets of the church of Koine, and were alike hostile tu the Protestant constitution or these realms, nJ to his 1H,¡jtsty's (fuWn and diguitv. S\x. \ua\m IJauKiE reali the petition in the \ncieut l»riti>b [language, which highly pleased all such as did not underhand it when read in English. lie then addressed the meeting at con j siderable length in the mother tongue, bringing to recollection what catholics were in those ag whcl1 thev possessed that meaSUfC of legislative authority'which they were now aiming to obtain, and arguing, that as they asserted their doctrines were u < hanged and un rhangcitble, they would if thev ohtai"1 political power use it in a similar manner. The catholic religion was intolerant and in every respect inconsistent with the principle* of our gloriously established constitution. It was a lcligiou of ignorance, a nJjgion of blood, and con- sequently those who professed and followed such danger.-us principles, were utterly incapacitated to hol,1 any situation of power or trust under a P¡t.tt,tallt constitution. ^Ir. dons WTT.I.IAMS supported the motion for adopting- the petition, in a short but impressive speech. The motion was carried unanimously with ac- tlamat ion. On the n)otinnof 3Jr. THOMAS ELLIS, the thanks of the meeting were voted to the worthy chairman for his gentlemanly conduct in the chair. The CI\\1' shortly returned thanks, and proposed a similar compliment to Mr. WII.UAM HKIOGE for his translation of the petition. Carried nevu dis, w lth loud applause. The meeting then quietly dispersed. The pditiou during this and the following days ohhunn) upwards of four hundred signatures, nuiubeiiug all the respectable persons of. the parish,
Original tfoirfoposiijmcr.
Original tfoirfoposiijmcr. I'OWKR OF XATCRE AND HER BEAUTIES '{'» thv i'ditor of the Xo rth IJWes ChrMiiclc. How little do mankind in general reflect on themselves, the power that formed them, and the w onders of that mechanism of which they consist, the action of the muscles, and the blood beautifully conveved through vessels formed for that purpose, their mutual subserviency and depelldance on each other; in fad the fibres, the tendons of our body inserted for the purpose of drawillg it to the various shapes the owner pleases. If then we pro ceed to the other animals of th? creation, & examine them minutely, do not they at once proclaim the facility of talent, the inlfuence of our great Arehi Uct, and divine aud sovereign muster ? If then we behold the verdure of the ground, the growth oi tie vegetable world, the renewed foliage of the trees, and the bountiful luxuries of each varying season all these are given to man, ungrateful as he is to him who moves the earth and nature Some sunk in a nay, perhaps of sloth or debased indolence, a fe. blenc.ss onnetched insipidity has chained all their ideas, and they perceive not any of his perfeeiiows and wisdom. Thus life is slept away in a lethargic dream. 1 nitv the Ulan sav n (earued writcr, who can snrvey alfthe wonders* of the animal and vegetable king- j doins, who can journev through so delightful a district, and afterwards exlaitii,<k till is barren ? still more dill p:tv, though the sentiment is mixed with a siroi g (h"'appr,¡;,ÜUH ,ftheir conduct, those who after having scon much to admi1t" vh?n thev meet with a circumstance which they do not understand, presumptuously dare to arraign the wisdom alltl benevolence ot nature. Cnii II mind be o dull, an imagination sn empty, that it can find naught to gratify or alfor a plcasureahlc thought, but in the gay noise of soe;dy, the buzz of flattery, or the soft nonsense of a coquette? Such a being we must and justly pity. DuUin A CONSTANT IIKADKR. "UVlhTY, OH NOT GUILTY f" Chruniclc. SIR ;-It has long been a boastelllll"sim of our law, that "0 person charged with an offence is allowed to criminate himself, and we daily wit- ness our magistrates and judges, with humanc cir- I'umspection, guarding the accused against so doing, especially in cases where the forfeiture of life follows conviction; but I think that this1 maxim, npon which we pride ourselves, can be proved t,) have only an imaginary existence, and tlla1. 1.,(1 far from it 1H.'ill al\as a('tcù upon, the Himillal is allowed, and that in the last and most important sWe uf all, lint only to crimillate him self, but, in effect, to put the cord round his own m-ek III eascs of forgery, for instance, if the pri souer pleads Yllil/ and persists in that plea, there is an end of the trial, or rather it is not be- gun—the witnesses are not examined-the jury are not charged, and no verdict given. The pri- soner stands convicted by his own words, and from lhal11l0lUeut to the morning of his execution he may I. considered its wearing the fatal cord around his neck, ami this by his own act! Is it not time th;1t this strange anomaly ill our laws, which is as repugnant to the prir.ciphs of justice as it is to our notions of humanity, should be done away wdh; Why should a prisoner have the power of being tried «.r ':111, as 11\ reality he at present has ? Ii he even he guilty, would it Ullt he more satis factory to the eo::nt»'y nay, indce;). does not im- mutable justice require it, thaI heshonlo be piwed vi, hv the examination of \ituccs, the sifting of evidence, and the verdict 0: II jury? Where the la>v rctjuins tlie sacrifice of life, would not the con fr\ he m.u'e satisfied, and tho feelings of hu- manity less s hocked, to find that t .e prisoner's j,?t'h.?)wit]))..?dt)\?t.tutn.?.?nJthf<:t.)i berate tcrdict of a jury, instead of his doom being sealed l-y a single word of his own? I was in hopes that nUl" home secretary, to whom we 1IlIe:ht t,) be grateful for tiw many absurdities alld inconsistencies he has rooted Hut of our code uf criminal jurisprudence, would also have lonc a vav with this cruel power of self execution. Would it not be sutlicient to arraign the prisoner, when brought to trial, in something to thUeffect— Y, A. It., the ,f ('. I>. (&e.\of bavins committed,M &c. &e.; aud, ;ifter j^vimr hilll the liberty ,,1' making any preli miiiarv observation, proceed with the trial, trhr- Ii! { 0; i>riaoatr pll ads or Jwll There can be no doubt, that 'he taking away this negative power of bcieg tried, would save our humane judges many a bitter pall; for,in advising parties to withdraw their plea of yuitty," they must be ( untrained to it, as much in mercy to their own feelings, as ill humanity to the accused. The pass- ing of tlie -entcmv of" death oil a fellow-crea- ture is, at all tunes, all awful and a painful duty; but it must be doubly so wheu the judge "is armed by the culprit himself w ith the power of So doing. At the hut Chelmsford Assizes, two Ul\!Î men were accused of robbing and attempt- t' to inunLr a farmer, their emplover, at Kast Hum, III Lssex. Wuui arraigned, both pleaded guilty, and, though from the depositions taken, and other evidence ready to be produced, no case could possibly be more (dear, the humane judge a{hiscd them to withdraw their plea, but to no purpose. His lordship, however, in this in- stance desired the prosecutor and several of the witnesses to be examined, and their evidencecom- pletsly established the prisoners' guilt, though no jury could be called upon for a verdict. Can any one mistake the worthy judge's feelings, in wish- ing that the trial should proceed? It is presumed enough has been said to shew that this power of self-execution by prisoners ought not, in hu inanity, to be suffered to exist much longer. The law ought to be strong enough to run its course withont the prisoner's consent, and bring the punishment home to him without his assistance. In denying it this powel" we arm it with another, which, in the moral abstract, we condemn in all other eascs, We would (kcm it both cowardly and cruel to strike our deadliest foe with the sword presented by the bending victim himself. There is another evil which might possibly re- sult from giving a prisoner this optional power. An innocent person, accused by villajiv and false- hood of some heinous offence, might, from being incarcerated in prison, and brooding over his wrongs, suffer such an aberration of intellect as to avail himsdf of his mode (pleading guilty,) of get ting rid of that which had become a burden to him. No such a case may have been heard of; but I imagine it not to be beyond the fange of pos- sibility a"d as there are different shades of in- sanity, so there are different modes chosen by the unfortunate beings to get rid of life. I have some faint remembrance of having heard or read, in my earlier days, of some Island in the Great Southern Ocean, which boasted of laws so blended with justice and humanity, and adminis- tered with such impartiality and consistency, that the proud Islanders talked of all other Jaws, as compared to their's, with haughty contmpt. e pan this island the captain of a straggling whaler was unfortunately wrecked, ai d having heard much of the wisdom of their laws, he was very anxious to be present at some of their trials, in hopes of car- rying back to his country some valuable sugges tions in the improvement of its laws. He was not: long before his wishes were gratified, and his in terpreter procured him a commodious seat, where he might hear and see all that passed. The first; prisoner brought forth was charged with an offence affecting his life, and against whom a host of wit- nesses had come from distant pafts of the country, j Ht was asked by some officer of the court, iu a solemn tone, whether he would choose to say Crango or Jamho f The prisoner, in reply, said .1(/1111)0; upon which a black man, who stood with a club in his hand, "pon an elevated bench behind i him, instantly knocked him down, and deprived hiin of life, and all the witnesses were Kent about their business. The next prisoner, in answer to a similar question, cried Cral/yo, when a most solemn investigation went on, and his advisers, somehow 01' other, got him n" though the captain 1 uuderstood from his interpreter, there was no doubt of his heing- equally guilty as the other. The third and fourth prisoners repeatell the word Jumbo, allll wefe as quickly knocked on the head by the same black man The captain, on inquir- ing the meaning of all this, and being informed that those who said .I(/lIIbo told the truth, and ac, knowledged their guilt; and that those "ho said Crall!!O, told a Jie, alld denied their guilt, could contain hir; indignation no longer; and, turningto his interpreter, exclaimed, You, indeed, talk of the excellency of your Jaws !-you who give false hood a greater chance than truth of escaping punishment; come to old England! there no man ]os s his life wilhout a fair trial; there, by theliu- luallity of the law, no man is allowed tl) criminate himself, much less to sentence bimselftodeath as these poor wretches do," 1.0",1, EIXION MON, 8310KINt, AND S N UFF TA KING, There is an evil of the times, which may be truly and literally said to stink in the nostrils," and which Iw who would pourtraythe times is bound to notice, and would do well to reprove. I allude to the fearfully increasing habits of smoking and snuff taking. The former of these practices IIp- pears to be vapidly spreading to the whole, popula- tion. Some years ago Mr. ill. A, Taylor obtained all act of parliament to compel the proprietors of steam engine furnaces to burn their smoke, It will be necessary, ere long, to obtain an act, com- pelling cigar-smokers to sw dlow their smoke. By some abominable freak of fashion, this nauseous practice has become so general, that neither by day >nor by night, but more especially by night, can one ,pass along the streets without meeting a succession of puffers, whosecombined columnsof smokemake the open air nearly as pestilent as a Dutch pot- house. Do (Ju approach the counting house of a merchant at the hour when the clerks retire, every man or boy of them may he seen puffing his new- Sighted eigaf, which he sticks knowingly in the comer of his cheek, and swaggers away with the air of a self-conceited man of fashion. The very striplings, who ought to be whipped for it, sophis ticate their taste alld consume their wages hy an extravagant consumption of real J1avatl!lah, I heard a very natural conjecture the other day, wheii some parties were speculating on the causes of a fire which broke out in a cotton warehouse Oh said one of them, it was prohably caused by the ashes of a cigar; every clerk smokes his cigar now. ° I am approaching ground from which I instinc- tively recoil, when I sav that woman-ave, and women who would be offended if they were not called lacties-liave begun to blacken their pearly teeth and coral lips with these hideous rolls of tobacco. If it be possible that they should ever gain lovers—a thing quite bevond my powers of cùnceptt<ln-I hope the thrilling kiss will never pass between the pair, but that they will salute by touching cigars, We shall then hear of the senti- mental "deep-drawn" puff 11 sigh "), and of the" burning" ciyar(not" blushes,") Judge whe- ther this practice seems better to become the Venus de Medicis, or the Hottentot Venus?—our mother Eve, or an Indian squaw ? JlIany of our youngsters take up this practice "(.I to ape their eiders, and believing that they can r,.v i i it at pleasure. In thi, they am gnatly mistaken. A confirmed habit of ?n.L-i?g is nearlv as uifhrult to be broken as a habit of "rinkiu Any habit, once formed, requires greater fi,?, t it,, ( than most men arc capabJ of to break off. 1 am not greatly surprised at the refusal of an honest brute the other day to pledge himself not to smoke more than 1C cigars a day, though hU :tt;j¡:ntï,:e rti: :d:n<fi,;i,1 the refusal. She did not wish to marry a chimney. A chimney Yes, verily, and that reiuin is me of an effort which I understand is 11011' making to obtain a machine in Liverpool, which shall per- fectly sweep chimneys. 'I he smoker's chimney- sweep has been, time out of mind, Sir John iiarley- corn, who seems likely to have plenty of custom sinee the cigars came into fashion. It is naturally to be expected that the mouth should accumulate a reat quantity of soot from the coustlmt passage of deme fumes through it. To remove this im | pediment, ale, or brandy and water, is resorted to. And to obtain the liquor the smoker adjourns to the tavern, where his bane and antidote," or rather his double bane, is fet before him in the shape of apaper of cigars and a tankard. Can we be surprised that so many of our young men become sots ? I am curious to know how much tho clerk, who receives a salary of some £ <>0 or £ 70, Or the mer, chaot's apprentice, expends in "¡gar., I suspect the cost would amount to many poonds in the year, and would make a great hole in his scanty in, come. As to tile gentleman-smoke, he has not only his own wants to supply, but he is no gentle- man if he dues not bring out his box of cigars whenever his friends risithim; and, after they have smoked all the evening at hi expense, he must put half a dozen cigars into the hand of each, to light him home, How many boxes of the best Havannah will he consume per annum at this rate ? I know that some Cambridge students have run up much larger bills at the tobacconist's than at the tailor's The practice of snuff taking is in some respects worse than that of smoking, It is dirtier, but less expensive, and wastes less time. A person begins it either because it is rude not to take a pinch when offered, or because it is fashionable to carry a box, or because he likes the sensation of tickling his nostrils. But I have thought it would be far better to have a quill, or other light substance, so constructed as to enter the nostril; with this the individual might enjoy the delightful recreation of tickling his nose every other minute, without the inconveniences of soiling his clothes, plugging "II his nostril., and carrying about with him the seellt of a snuff mallufaetorv, How wives and sweethearts endure the snuff eovcred faces of the gentlemen, I cannot imagine. I suppose that every kiss must be followed by a sneeze. I ae tnaliy know some genlJemen who keep their box by their hed-side at night, that, if they should lie awake, they may giatify the incessant cravings of their olfactory organs for this stimulating powder. This is the last stage of the mania. Smoking and snuff taking, like drinking and all other habits, grow upon their victims. A Ulan begins with a pipe or a pinch per day. But ere long, if his occupations at all allow it, he takes his pipe per hour, or his pinch every dther minute. The quantity of the pinch must be increased, as well as its frequency. What before was a power ful excitement now produces no effect; and some- times the disease proceeds so far that the nerve is no longer susceptible of stimulus, and the man might live with his nose in a snuff box-pendant like the nose ornaments of savages-withllut feci ing any sensation. Some have approached near to this acme of perfection, by having the snuff lo,(! in the waistcoat pocket, or having a box hanging from the coat buttom. The nomenclature of snuffs passes my coinpi-cliension I know not how many are the qualities between the gross Scotch and the superlative hlariipuird,—what range was taken by Lnndyfoutf-av into what infinity of shapes, scents, and colours, the fanciful French have tortured this offensive powder. The snuff-taker little imagines how much time he:consnmcs in the indulgence of his favllurite habit. The late ingenious Lord Ltanhopc made a calculation which may well astonish him, and his lordship's only error is in supposing that the in- veterate snnff taker is so moderate as to require onlo one pinch every ten minutes. Every professed, inveterate, and incurable snuff-taker," says he, "at a moderate eOlllputa, tion, take, one pinch in ten minutes, Ever,V pinch with the agrecahIe ceremony of btowing and wiping the nose, and other incidental circum- st?.ees, consumes aminute an?ah?tf. One minute and a hulf out of every ten, allowing sixteen hours to a snuff-taking day amounts to :3 hours and 21 minutes out of every., natural day, or one day out oferervtcn. One day out of every ]0 amounis to 3lrV clays in a year. Hence, if we suppose the practice to be persisted in 40 years, 0m eiifhe ymr& of the snuff taker's life will be dedicated to tickling his nose,and tivomore to blowing it When the expenso of snuff; snuff-boxes, aud handker- chiefs is inquired into, it will appear that this luxury encroaches as much on the income of the snuff taker, as it does on his time; aud that by a proper application of the time and money thus lost to the public, a fund might be contributed for the discharge of the national debt." The inveterate smoker consumes still more time than the snulltaker. Some men of sedentary lives have become so enslaved to the habit, that many hours a day are consumed with the pipe in their mouth. A Dutch author thought to save time, and vet indulge himself in smoking, by having a hol? made i, his hat through which the pipe was suspended; but the unfortunate mau suffered by his ingenuity, for he smoked himself into a fatal disease. The strongest consideration to dissuade a man from beginning either of these habits is, that no person who is exempt from them ever feels the least want either of snuff or tobacco. The ap- petites which require so great all expenditure of time and money to gratify them, are purely arti- ficial. I knew a lady who tou], assafcetida till she became fond of it; but is this any reason why persons should cultivate the taste for that abomina- ble drug? 1\0 more ought any one to school him self into a liking for tobacco and siitiff, which, at first offend the nostril and turn the stomach, and which, after the individual has conquered his own natural repugnance, and made them indispensable to him, render him ridiculous ar offensive to others. But how often do we find that men pnrehase the worst habits at the highest price Eo I
| Utterart) I
Utterart) I THE ENGLISHMAN'S ALMANACK. Whatever degree of truth there may be in the statements genemlh made and belieTcd now-a days, that evident changes have taken place with respect t ) the coincidence of certain seasons of the year; there can be no doubt but a considerable alteration (and that for tlie better) has evinced itself in one class of popular pnbhealious on this subject-v,e mean, the Almanack*. As however, there are not wanting in our day, persons, who, conceiving that thcre is an alarming increase of crime amongst us at the same time mat education is so generally diffused amongst all classes of society, very sapii-nt- ly conclude that tluse contemporary facts stand in the relation of cause and effect; so we wonder that no wiseacre, observing the marvellous coincidence between the late growth of scepticism with regard to horoscopical an" meteorological predictions, and the appareut wall t of agreement between the seasons and their attributes, should also have set this down as cause and e(Kct. It is not our intention, at pre- sent, to advert more particularly to what may have been the origin of the improvements alluded to, but merely to remark upon its presence in sundry publications of this nature, ami especially, in the Englishma's Almanack," now before us, the entire mate) "ÛN fwhich aro very satisfactory, pili" ticularly as containing, besides the u,ual contents of all Almanack, expurgated from astrological cant, the calend ,r of Flora, and of horticultural opera. tions, for cach month, Somewhat resembling, in- deed, in this respect, that popular annual "Tima's Telescope;" which work, it ought to be observed, set the example several years ago; giving, in asso- ciation with chrnnologicallloticcs, diurnal exempli- fications of thij general aspect and operations of nature. We hue referred more copeda!!y to this feature in the Englhhman's Almanack," because we intend to give monthly, a few passages of this chararter, repeating at the same time, our intima- tion, that the dally caJcndnr contains all the usual information which ought to be expeuted by any Eng- lishman, in such a publication. --tft. TIIE CAMBRIAN QUARTERLY. The first number of this long-promised publi- cation has just appeared. As its title imports, the contents arc pril,dplIy directed to subjects con nected with the Principality of Wales, the litera tul(? aud antiquities f which it is professedly designed to explore and iIlustrak, J'romtheeur. sory view we have been able to take of this portion of the work, it docs not appear to us to be model ed upon a popular plan, that is, not suited to the capacity ami taste of general Welsh readers. In- dce.1 the editors, ill their introduction, referring to former attempts which have been made to dif- fuse the knowledge of Cambrian literature, ob- serve, that they have failed, because the object has hitherto bocn Cor the most part,to interest the minds of Welshmen alone national and local feeling has been too exclusively consulted." From this intimation, and the general view of the edi- tors it is obviou £ that reliance for the success of this wovk is placed, first, upon the patronage of the elevated classes of Welsh society, or those who have a taste for the higher walks of the literature of their country and secondly, upon the encou racement to he derived from the literati of Eng 1-ind for whose attraction and support the editors I assnme, they have a rich and remunerating store. "We only wish," (they say) for a fair opportu- nitv of convincing those wh o visit us in June to admire our lakes and mountains, explore the ruins of Denbigh or Carnarvon, scale Snowdon and Ca dair Idiis, revel on thyine-fed mutton, dance a miadrille to a genuine Welsh harp, or shoot puliins nff Holyhead, that we have greater things than these, "There is much to be done towards persua din" the uninitiated that we have other than sn- perficial objects to shew his eyes and jitiui his heart; that we can grallfy Ills melltal SCllSCS no less than his corporeal." One of the papers is a very ingenious disquisi- tion on the situation of the Roman station, MI:I>I n.ANt -M. The writer brings many judicious argu- ments to shew that SuiiEwsBi Rr was the Mediota- IIIl/II of the ltnmans; and he is of opiniou that Uuyton of the Eleven Towns was the Ituiuuium of that warlike nation, In his conjecture as to leit II/IIIUIII, although it is in contradiction to the opi- nions of former writers, we unequivocally concur, and we could point out some reasons for this opi- nion, which are not adverted to by the correspond- ent of the Cambrian Quarterly. With regard to MeUuitaHum, giving him the highest credit for hIS ingenious research, we dnubt the fact of Shrews bury having been that celebrated station: at the same time we think his paper 011 the subject one that every antiquarian should peruse.-It might not be out of place for tiF, here to observe, that Middle in this county, has been, in some writings, Latinized by the word Meitiolunuvi: it is, too, al- most on the direct route from Wroxetcr (Urico- uiiim) to Chester (Deva); it is also on one of the then principal branches of the Cvytldelian (Irish) or U ailing .Stm-t Road, as Ruyton (Rutunium) is on another; both Ruyton and Middle are likewise situakd 011 or adjacciit to the ancient roads from Wales to the southern paits of Cheshire, to Staf- fordshire, &e, by which the Gwytidelian roads in Shropshire cteil: both phlecs are out of the reach of interruption hy the floods of the Severn both were well situated for mntnal co- operation against irruption on the part of the An sicnt 11 ritons, against whom they were frontier stations, holding command over the most feasible country by whidl an attack could then be made: on their left was the oft flooded Severn in front a id to their right was a chain of morasses, most part of which are now reclaimed, hnt which then l'xttmded, with fcw intermediate passes, from near Huyton to the southern border of Cheshire: Mid- dle aud Ruyton would thus form the best points of defence a1\"ail18t any sudden incursions of the An eient Ili-itolls; and it is well known that both these places were fortified for this purpose in the early nges of the Norman dynasty.—The difficulty as to Middle being the Mutwtanumoi the RlIma"š, arises from the distances set out ill the Itel-s the Iters are, however, all confused as to this station we therefore trust the point will be further dis- cussed by some of the able cnrrespondents of the Cambrian Quarterly. We understand this publication is undertaken under very high patronage, and we sillcerely wish it every sucecss. liut, however sanguine the pub lishers may be of English patronage, its prosperity must after all mainly depend upon the higher classes of the Welsh community. Upon the latter, therefore, we would urge the necessity of efficient support; the work appears admirably adapted to its professed object; and it should be considered, that every unsuccessful effort made to advance the literature of the country is not merely useless, but prejudicial, inasmuch as it discourages an,1 para- lyzes every future attempt to promote the patrio- tic ohject.-The suhjeets introduced into this num- ber are seventeen, severalof which are of all inter- esting character; but our space will not allow its to enumerate them,-We cannot, however, resist the, pleasure of copying a few original verses, written by the excellent Mrs. Hemans, to which is appended (in the Magazine) the music; air, Lady Owen's Delight." FAIlEWELt. TO WALES. I The voice of thy streams in my spirit I bear; Fare\Tdl! and a blessing be with thee, greclIland 1 On thy halls, on thy hearth, on thy pure mountain air, On the strings of the harp and the minstrel's free hand! From the love of my soul ivith my tears it is shcd, Whilst I leave thee, Oil! land of my home and my dead. I bless thee! yet not for the beauty which dwells In the heart of thy hills, on the waves of thy shore; And not for the memory set deep in thy deils Of the bard and the warrior, the mighty of yore; And not for thy soogs of those proud ages lied, Green land, poet land, of my home and my dead! I bless thee for all the true bosoms that beat Where'er a low hamlet smiles under thy skies; For thy peasant hearths burning, the stranger to greet, ''For the soul that looks forth from thy children's kind eyes! May the blessing, like sunshine, around thee be spread, Green land of my childhood, my home, and my dead.
—?-<— j dTcrrigii Enmitgencf.I
—?  <— dTcrrigii Enmitgencf. I LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING. I RUSSIA, AND TVRKEY.—We learn by intelligence from the frontiers of Servia, dated the 20til ult. that there is a partial cessation of hostilities be. I tween the Turks and Russians. Great preparations are making on both sides for a new campaign, and it is expected that Russia will open it with a much larger force than she hrought into the field last year. No concession is cxpectcd on the part of 1 the Turks,—-The Servians are very uneasy at the prospect of their country being made the seat of I war, and are by no means so well inclined to the Russians as at first. In Bosnia the utmost tumult and anarchy prevails, and the Montenegrins are pillaging in all directions.—General Roth has received large reinforcements in litilgaiia from which it is inferred, says the Allyemine Zeitunq, that the Turks intend attacking him in his winter quarters.—Bv the Hamburgh mails, accounts have come to hand from the Russian capital of two days later date than those previously received. They also state that the preparations for commencing the next eamp,ugll with Turkey were to be on a most extensive scale, and that the Emperor Ni- dlolas would listen tu no terms for" compromise of the existing differences with the Porte. Recent accounts obtained by express from Varna, stated that the Ottoman Porte was determined not to accept of peace, except on the basis of a total eva- cuation of Turkey by Russia. It was expected at Constantinople that the Miuperor of Russia would, during the winter, direct his arms against the Asiatic possessions of the Ottoman PUfte; and indeed it was said about St. l'etershürgh, that orders had heclI forwarded for the march of a considerable Russian force to the southward. At St. Petersburg!! money was scarce, and it was fully believed that the Emperor would be compelled to have further advances, in addition to the sup. ply he was to obtain through the house of Hope and Co. of Amsterdam. The weather was vari- able, and trade by contract for the spring rather dull. The German mail brings us no news from the theatre of war; but Constantinople, it appears, it so provisioned as not to dread any effects of a blockade. The war U going, on languidlJy in Greece,
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SpftffttOttS. THI: REVENn:. The statement of the 1-t-ve:i lie f.,r and quarter ended the ?t't instant, h.t.ia?.?).j;?? (liti I .,id melauhl)h pmof lit the ))er?.)'t,) |a genuitv with which the most favourable indu-a tions, nav, the most satisfactory proofs, of a-t uu doubtedly increasing prosperity, can be. not de hill] merely, but ahsoJutcly mfi !e the g'r,)tlllllwurk of the most gloomy an,1 terrible foreboding. '1'1' misrepresentations of ti?? public press have on ihe present occasion, been so numerous, that t.? ni( i tion them in detail would he emiless. We *hailT therefore, endi-avour to give our readers a lew fad, the accuracy of which, we hope, will IM the test of examination.—Omitting sl/1all the ordinary revenue of final illi/aill, that is, tlw real prollnee of the dulie* and taxes, (the only legitimate subjects of annual compare-on fl\a,\ I,{" stated at .1' W,O,jO,OOfl, for I :Î, alld IÏ,!I/II,OOO, for ltfwS making a increase of \¡,(I(H). Thisjt?if)bt;?'cr'c?isin.)..in?),.?.r. and without any parliamentary alteration in the rate 111' those duties allll taxes, In th" excise there is ollice and assessed taxes £ i«Xl,w<.0, making toge ther, 1.100,0(,0, JJeduct fl'1.lIllhi, -l:l,;I:,OLO, II", decrease under the 1,1 of customs, aud the m increase J, as we JIll" increase ie qsc is very large, and has taken place iu all its great hvauches, with the exception of te^ tljatis, malt, beer, spirit, yoap. candles, Tea has diminished ill ;i way trill, grati- tying, the duty being per cent. u» toe sate va- lue, alld th., price having fallen to the puh1í"I fact known tll ewry purchaser ui the East India House—the dllt. received is "I eou.'se less.—Of the stumps, postuthc»j, alld taxes, nothing need he said; they speak for themselves. Of the customs it is, we believe, ascertained, that the duties 1111 all the leading articles of consumption, suuar, coffee, currants, &c. &.c. have inr:va-ed in fact they must obviously have tloue n, foi in the year ls?7, hiM a milium at least was leceivcd ,?i ac- count or the com (Jllties hepmd the receipts of 18^8. There must iu consequence have been an actual increase of £:O,I.OO oil th" ciitv ill respect of other articles, or, that branch of revenue would neetssavily have bee" dtdieicnt tile wholc SUIII, grat deal has been asserted about a transfer or duties J'join one revenue to another; but sofa; as we can learn there has been no alteration during the last two past year, except a to a certain por tionof the duties on tea, the collection of whuh has been transferred from Ireland to England, amounting, it is said, to about .t:ll'OO: —When to this statement for Great Rritain, it i, added, thdt the revenue of Ireland has a' ':0 increased .111 ring the past year £ 400,000, surely there b cauve for joy all(1 thaukfullles, for hop" and gratitude. The great work nf IJfodlH:tioH an<l consumption has proceeded. Th comforts of the bulk of tLe people hare increased; some manufacturers, ]to. doubt, have sullere. and continue to suffer. U must he remembered. )• >wcvcr, tliat their loss i. the gain of the public. If eioth he selling at. a less price tnau that at which it can be manufac- tured, commerce have the advantage they have more money to expend in other articles. It is pro- hahle, the comparative cheapness nay induce many to wear a better coat, whilst thc absence or profit will, unquestionably, cause the inam>factu;cr to make less cloth, and one if not both )f t?t'es(? opera- tioi s, will ultimately restore the proper level. Wc feel gratified in expressing our own opinion, that in the main, notwithstanding some appearances of an opposite tendency, the trade and revenue of the country are, ill point of fact, in a sound a d satisfactory state.'—Record. [ WINE DRINKING. A moderate use of wine has been sanctioned by the wise and good in all ages. Those who have denied its virtues are those who have not been able ti) (iriiik it. Asclepiades wrote upon wine, the use of which he introduced with almost every re- medy, observing, that the gods had bestowed uo more valuable gift 0\1 man: even the surly Dio- gelles drank it; for it is said of him, that h, liked that wine best which he drank at other people's cost, a notion adopted by the oinopholous :ll",dy, who, when asked, "What wine do you think, doe- t(ir," answered, Port at home, claret abroad!" Hippocrates, the father of physic, 1'('('nlllelHls:, glass; and Rhases, an ancient Arabian physician, says no liquor h equal to good wine. Keincck wrote a dissertation uJ)e Potu Vinos(J,aut! the g7:\}" But the stoutest "fits medical advocates was Tobias Whitaker, physician to Charles the Second, who undertook to prorc the 110ssibility Hf maintaining life from infancy to old age, without sickness, by the use of wine. It must however, he remembered that Whitaker was cordially attached to wine, a' ,1 a greater friend to the vil1tncr than to the apothe- cary, having as utter a dislike to unpalatable me- dicine as the mosrsqueamishj/his patients: there- fore Dr. Toby's evidence mnst be taken with cau- tion, independently of tho courtly spirit that might have led him to adopt his theories to the times. I It has been questioned whether the use of wine was known to the antediluvian world: hut there can be no doubt, in the corrupt state of man, that wine M'oVdil have its share in Ilis ,JchaMlI!ellt, azlt]! it may be "cry strongK inferred, from the oircttm- stanec that Noah 1,lalltc(1 a vineyard, and more. over, that he drank of the wi..e, allll was drunk- en" (Gen. ix. 20-a sad stain in the character of a man who was in his generation j" and which a l so pr.'es that, in ti,? ear iest period of I¡iS,o the very ttt I; 1J ;c¡'i;:r'a';[ into error and cxecss. But the antiquity and pro- priety of wine drinking is not matter (If questioll. The Archbishop of Sevelles Antonio de Soiis, who lived trt he lid years old, drank wine; and el'el1 that wonderful pattern of propriety, Cuiuary, \11/! the same: but the qucstiun is abllut quantity, Sir William Temple was pleased to lay down A i-tile, aud limit propriety to three glasses. I drink glass." say h, "for a for refresh nient, a third for a friend but lm tln«t e/l'eis fourtfi is an euemy."