The North Wales Chronicle and Advertiser for the Principality

B h The ?*? ? the M?*? Annual' ap,ak. in thL h'ghe\ termg of C4I1Bun'. Cw' be,s?.ge and B ^xl for '"VtJUt on 8cc"nn 01 ita b6oaute puh'y. high quality aud great so.ability; s.d tk,E. M?di. name CADBOBT 00 eDY 106 is a guant. of I'hofeso" to rcr.&wber, i' ,oa, that DOII'T BB NU901!8 OR LOW-S'UUf8D.-Pepp'I', 1 Wusuie and Iroolonio o,ercomea 1& antirely?

THE DEAN OF ST. ASAPH AND INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION. I The following paper was read by the Dean of St. Asaph (the Very Rev. Watkin Herbert; Williams) at the recent Church Congress Those whose are honoured by an invitation to read a paper before such an assembly as that of the Church Congress are very rightly and reasonably expected to be experts in the subjects of which they treat. I, unlike two distinguished gentlemen who will follow me, have no such qualification, and the sole reason for my being chosen is that I come from Wales, the place selected for a kind of legislative educational experiment, intended afterwards to be extended to the rest of the kingdom. What I have to say, therefore, mustf be regarded merely as a preface to the important. discussion that will follow: and what subject can be of greater importance than the rightful training and education lof the middle class of this country, on whom the whole common weal mainly depends, whose influence for good or for bad on the class below them, with whom they are in such close relations, and on the class above them, into which they are always ascending, is untold ? My remarks will simply be directed to show the altered condition under which the study of the Holy Scriptures, of the doctrine* of the Church of England, and the Church history, will have to be prosecuted in our I schools, owing to the difficulties interposed by the Legislature. Up to this time the Church has enjoyed a position with regard to secondary education nearly equal to that she has occupied with regard to primary. If the country has not been so well covered with secondary schools as with primary, still the liberality of her sans and Idaughters, her priests and Bishops, has dotted the kingdom with a vast number of such schools in which this important portion of our youth have been educated, from which have gone a number not only of great and eminent persons, but of those plain-spoken, God-fearing men who have made English honour and plain dealing as well as English enterprise respected through the world. Up to now parents have been able to send their children to these schools with a reasonable security that nothing would be done to shake or hurt the religious sentiments incul- cated into them in their homes; the heaj master, and often their assistants, have generally been in holy orders, the Bishops of the diocese has in many cases been the visitor, and if religious training has not been properly given it has been due to neglect or a faulty system of instruction, and not to any hindrances or obstacles interposed by either the Legislature or persons in authority. It is now proposed to alter these schools altogether and do away, not merely with their Church, but even, I am afraid, to imperil their Christian character. Unfair as these new con- ditions are to us. I cannot see how they can be satisfactory to a pious Nonconformist. By this educational experiment, as I call the Act ot loiv schemes are to be framed by the educational committees of county councils for the govern- ment of the schools within their respective districts, which, if approved by the Charity Commissioners and Educational Department, are to take immediate effect. The first, point I would notice about these schemes, that in their anxiety to abolish the old qualification of being in holy orders or a Churchman, there is abso- lvitelv no provision made that the head master should be even a Christian. Men may ask, What is the necessity for such a provision. My answer is, Let them consider the large number of clever men at our Universities, many of whom will be candidates for such posi- tions, who I may say aggressively disavow belief in the doctrines of Christianity. The schemes then go on to say, icligi^ous instruction in accordance with the principles of the Christian faith shall be given m the schools by members of the teaching staff only under such regulations as shall be made from time to time by the school governors. In old times the Bishop of the diocese was considered to be the right person to oversee the religious education in schools. What are to be the qualifications of the new ordinary set up in his place r- Religious opinions or attendance or non-attendance at any particular form of religious worship fhall not in any way affect the qualification of any member of a governing body under this sehome. A-d if the Congress wish to see the regulation likely to be made by such a body, let me read to them the regulations for religious instruc- tion made by the Denbigh School Board, which are not unlikely to serve as a model for the governors' regulations in intermediate schools within that district. The teachers are to teach- The history of the Jews and Jewish nation, and the geographical and natural history of Palestine, ancient as well its modern, but that in any use which may be made of the Bible in teaching or illustrating these subjects it is to be distinctly understood that no refer- nce whatever is to be Made to the dootrines taught therein, ,cpl in cases of discipline and to enforce moral training. I will now read the regulations with regard to boarding-houses :— onDjeot ro Tine prOVUnOIltl 01 lillt" umi- J.vI.'I:;vue clause, the following provisions shall take effect (a) In a hostel or boarding-house of a. school scholars shall be allowed to attend such places of worship and to have reasonable facilities for religious instruction from such religious teaobers as their parents may choose fer them. (b) Christian family worship shall be held daily in the hostel or boarding-house, but in the family -worship so held the formularies of any particular denomination shall not be used. (c) In the course of any general Christian religions teaching given in the hostel or boarding-house. the formularies of any particular denomination shall not be used, nor shall the distinctive tenets of any parti- cular denomiation be taught, provided thatpho person in charge of a boarding-house, if the county governing body so allow, and subject to any regulative they may make on the subject, may, 'separately from such general religious teaching (if any), give, either by himself or by deputy, religious instruction 'of a denomination all character, but only to those scholars whose parents have, in writing, expressed a wish for such instruction. The schemes already drafted by the county committees show how much they are likely to allow; containing. as they do, an absolute prohibition of distinctive religious teaching. The country owes a great debt to our head masters. We thankfully acknowledge that they are eminently qualified to educate the youth committed to their charge into a God- fearing manhood. Give them free hands and they will want no advise from us how to teach the Bible or the doctrine of the Church but the question is,How are they to do this, t-hackled and fettered by these new restrictions, and under the supervision of these new-fangled governing bodies, for the carrying out of whose important religious duties religious belief is no qualification ? Let we just remark that these provisions are not made under the Welsh Act of 1889, but under the Endowed Schools Act of 1869. The Welsh Act of 1889 is absolutely silent with respect to boarders it does not mention boarders -does not contain the word. Therefore these provisions as to boarders in the Welsh schemes are made under the Act of 1869, which governs all endowed Schools throughout the kingdom, and these Welsh provisions are a straining of that Act in a way contrary to which it has been administered for twenty-four years, and in a way expressly repudiated by Mr Forster in the speech with which be introduced the Bill. Many are of opinion that these provisions are distinctly illegal; and this opinion has some weight when we remember that the astute Vice-President of the Board of Education distinctly refused to submit them to the law oiffcers of the Crown when challenged to do so in the House of Commons; and the action of the House of Lord3 with regard to the Merionethshire scheme leads us to hope that the schemes, in their present form, may be successfully resisted. But supposing these Bchemes to pass into law, and to become general throughout the kingdom, what is to be done0 One suggestion is to establish in connection with these schools a system of school chaplains. It has been remarked, however, that nnless the head master is in sympathy such chaplains would be absolutely powerless. A second suggestion is to establish hostels where Church boys can be taken in. These, however, would have to be licensed, and would be at the mercy of the governing bodies, und what has recently occurred in Bangor shows u. the treatment they would have to expect. At Bangor a hostel was established to receive young ladies, with a Churchwoman at the head. This licence has been arbitrarily withdrawn; why, I will not venture to say. Only the osten- sible pretext for the withdrawal has been declared by a judge and jury to have no ( existence in fact. There seems to me only one solution of the difficulty. Let the Church recollect that the educational is as much a part of the priestly edticatioiial is :as mmuUcO h W hen a Bishop visits office as the p &: to r?l his diocese his mandates are addressed to all schoolmasters and tutors, as well as to rectors, vicars, and curates, to attend and show their licences. Let the Chureh, staggering though she be under the weight of supporting her primary schools, yet in faitk undertake a new Durden. Let her adopt as her own the scheme so well inaugurated by Canon Woodard and his fellow-workers, and side by side with these godless schools let her establish schools of her own, where t.er young can be taught her doctrines by her priests, under the supervision of bar Bishop*. Meanwhile the duty of Churchmen is clear. The case of Wales is a small object-lesson for England, and English Churchmen who are determined to secure Christian teaching for the pupils in intermediate schools must help their brethren in Wales to resist schemes in Parlia- ment, and they must be fully alive and on the watch to prevent any similar proposals being I carried into law for intermediate education in England. ¡

I LORD SALISBURY AT PRESTON. I I Lord Salisbury on Tuesday opened a new I Conservative Club at Preston, and met with an enthusiastic reception. In the course of a brief address he declared that if the electors of the J country could only be got to vote on the Rome Rule question be had no doubt there would be a much more decided pronouncement against it than ever. Although Great Britain had decided against Home Rule, yet still more was required, and he urged the necessity of Englishmen being thoroughly aroused and made to feel their res- ponsibility. His lordship subsequently addressed a crowded meeting in the Public Hall, and again was heartily received. He described Mr Glad- storie's conduct of business in the House of Commons as that of sergeant-major, and com- plained that he had broken through the tradi- tion of the House of giving great consideration to large minorities. Dealing with the Employers* Liability Bill, he said it would be of great importance that the clauses should be such that they could pass. He welcomed the Parish Councils Bill as a continuation of the Conservative programme and as to denomina- tional education held that a parent had the in- alienable right to determine the teaching his child should receive on the holiest and most momentous subjec ts. Referring to the action of the House of Lords in rejecting the Home Rule Bill, he said that, however weak it was, it I was infinitely stronger than Mr Gladstone so long as it had England at its back.

AUTUMN CONCERTS AT LLANDUDNO I PIER. The concerts la-t week under the direction of Mr Verdi Faw.;ett have been pretty well attended, but the support accorded does not pay Mpenses, and the extravagant competition this summer does not warrant the directors in carrying on concerts in the autumn at a loss. This result is something like what we predicted in the season. Llandudno is without a band in the middle of October. We must compliment Mr Verdi Fawcett upon his programmes. Each evening there has been a pleasing variety in marches, selections, and dance music. The selections have included those from Mignon," "The Flying Dutchman," "11 Pagliacci," Faust, Patience," Haddon Hall," The Gondoliers," &c. Mr Moor's piano solos have invariably been encored; and a 'eello duet the other night by Mr J.Walton and his promising son, Master G. Walton,created quite a furore. Mr Denbigh Cooper gave a good account of himself in the vocal department. Some of his best songs have nightly been encored. They included My Friend," "To Madelene," So, sir page," Absent, yet present," Shall I, wasting in despair'" &c. On Thursday night, a selection from Berlioz dramatic legend Faust" was given. Mr Denbigh Cooper and Miss Elsie May Edge contributed some of the best solo items in the work and elicited the well-deserved applause of the audience.

CARNARVONSHIRE INTERMEDIATE I EDUCATION SCHEME. A meeting of the Conway and Llandudno district piverning body was held at the Police Court on Friday, Mr C. H. Darbishire, J.P., presiding. The other members present were Mr Elias Jones, J.P., Mr Morris Jones, J.P., and Mr John Jones (chairman of Llandudno Commissioners), with the hon. clerk, Mr John Owen. ELECTION OF A GOVERNOR. I Mr MORRIS JONES moved that the tiev. Robert Jones, rector of Llysfaen, be elected a co.optative governor in place of Mr A. Wood, J.P., Bodlondeb, who declined to act. He believed Mr Jones would make a useful member of the Board, and as Llysfaen was not repre- sented he thought it was a good course to adopt U Mr JOHN JONES seconded the resolution. He believed Llangwstenin was unrepresented, but that parish would probably come under the cognizance of the Llandudno members. The resolution was carried. THE BANKING ACCOUNT. I- It was resolved to open a banking account at the Conway branch of the National Provincial Bank, all cheques to be signeii by the presiding I chairman and one other member and counter- signed by the clerk. FCHOLARSHIPS I I- 1 Some conversation ensued witn reieremc w this matter, the Chairman remarking that Mr (jlynne Williams, of the Friars School, hud been I conMilted, and expressed the opinion that scholmships should only be offered once a year. Mr EI.IAS .TONKS r-tther disagreed with this view, and observed that it was hard upon two or three c'ever bovs who might pass the exami. j mation at Christmas. Mr MORRIS JONF.S aureed with the eugnestion of Mr Glynne Williams and be questioned whether they could award any more scholar- i ships for a year. It would nlso be inconvenient for the masters at FriRi Scho(,l to have bovs commence in the middle of a school year. He moved that the scholarships examination be annual, and this was eventually aerced to. PIIALT. A SCHOOL BB ICRRCTED ( TheCHAiBMAN said the next item on the I seenda was to consider wheth"r it was desirable to commence t,-king steps to erect a school of their own or continue as they were doine at present. Before they conld do anything In erecting a school they must put in the bank or have substantial persons guarantee for £ 13 for 50 boys, and the same amonnt fo 30 Izirls- and they had to provide a F-ite and three acres for a plfivaround. Practically it was 91050 and tb.ee arreR. Mr Joni JONRS snqrpested that the Conway Corporation as a puhli'" body he npprnacbed to give three acres of land on the Morfa. It might seem stranee that he as a Llandudno man should snergest thi.. For some reasons he should prefer the school on the Llandudno side of the river, but he doubred beinsr able to get the T-eepsr-ory thres acres of land on easy terms. Mr MORRIS JONES was in favour of hiring a temporRrv bnileiinap at present. Mr JOHN JoNEs thought thev should see what snhncriptiono could be obtained for a building diii-inq the next few months. On the Chairman's suareef-tinn, it wan deoided to defer taking anv action tintil the next meøt- in?, and that all the members be asked to attend and diacusR the matter. Mr MORRIS JONES There is an impression in the county that we shall never pet a school, and that is why they have tfiven tie fire years to do it in. I should like to disappoint them.

TO OUR WIVES AND MOTHERS. The health of woman is the foundation of beauty. Good health ensures beautiful symmetrical lines and forms, the healthy and blooming appearance, which even brings cbarm to irregular features. Beauty without health is impossible, consequently it is obvious that women should,pay greatest attention to retain good health. Unfortunately women are greatly exposed to disorders which cause untold suffering and pievent them from fulfilling their home as well as social duties, making life a burden. The greatest medical authorities teach that female troubles' would not oocur if the kidneys »nd liver were kept in a healthy condition. It would be use- less to attempt to cure female diseases without re- moving the actual cause. Warner's Safe Cnre, in estaDlishinga healthy action of the kidneys and liver, aad neutralising the poisonous acids in the blood —the cause of all inflammation, removes the germ of ulceration, abscesses. &e. This remedy is therefore invaluable in the successful treatment of all female complaints, and its virtue is proclaimed by Mrs E. Snell, of 40, North Street, Horsham, who writes:— For fifteen years my life was a daily burden. I sufl-red from inflammation of tbe bladder and indi- gsstion burning pains in groin and back, excrucia- ting pains in the pit of the stomach, dreadful aching of the eyes, coldness of the extremeties, distressing flatnleacy, pain aud burning during urination, and bad taste in the month. I was extremely nervous and low-spirited, gradually growing weaker and weaker, with great loss of §?oh. After all these years of suffering aud fruitless attempts to better my condition, I was cured by Warner's Safe Cnre. I can new walk long distances without any pain or inconvenience. have regained my flesh, and my uatural life-vigour has returned, so now I enjoy life and follow my domestio occupatious with comtort and ease. I do hope this may influence lady sufferers to try this medicine, and shall be pleased to answer any inquiries as to my experience."

AMERICAN WELSHMEN AND THE WELSH UNIVERSITY. The following resolutions, relating to the establishment of the Welsh University, were adopted with great enthusiasm at the Gorsedd, Cymmrodofion meeting, and the regular Eisteddfod gathering at Chicago. When the resolutions were put at the Eisteddfod meeting immediately after the chairing ceremony, the vast audience, numbering at least 5000, stood up and cheered enthusiastically. The enthusiasm of these American Welshmen was not more remarkable than their intelligence and their evident acquaintance with all phases of the educational movement in Wales. 'y GWIR YN ERBYN Y BYD." GOREU ARF, ARP, DYSG." At the International Eisteddfod held at the World's Fair, wi the .5th, 6th, 7th and 8th days of September, in the year of Christ 1893, the Presiding Bard of Gorsedd, the Rev. Rowland Williams (Hwfa MOIl), of Llangollen, Wales, having sheathed the sword, and the assembled multitude having thrice declared peace, as required by usage and rite, it was resolved by acclamation and proclaimed with sound of trumpet, on the motion of Dr. T. C. Edwards, Kingstown,Pa., seconded by Daniel V. Samuels, Chicago, and supported by W. Cadwalaclr DII.vie8 1. That the Welsh people of America, assembled at the International Eisteddfod, at Chicago, desire to express their gratitude to the Prime Minister and Government of Great Britain for acceding to the demand of the Welsh people for a National University, and they also congratulate the people of the Father- land on the promised fulfilment of their aspirations in connection with education. 2. That copies of this resolution be forwarded by the Executive Committee to the Right Hon. W.E.Gladstone, M.P.,First Lord of the Treasury; the Right Hon. Lord Aberdare, chairman of the Welsh University Conference the Right Hon. Arthur H. D. Acland, M.P., Minister of Educa- tion, and Thomas Edward Ellis, Junior Lord of the Treasury.—Correspondent•

BANGOR FETTY SESSIONS. These sessions were held on Tuesday, before Messrs Charles Pierce, Harry Clegg, and Wm. Pughe. GAME TRESPASS. William Thompson, gamekeeper in the employ of Lord Penrhyn, summoned a lad named Edward Pritchard, living at Kyffin- square, for trespassing in pursuit of game at Tai'rffynon Farm on the 12th iiist.-The prose- cutor said that on the afternoon of the day in question he was for two hours watching the defendant ferretting on land adjoining the Car- narvon-road. Defendant subsequently came over to Lord Pearhyn's land, and commenced to examine the rabbit holes in the hedges. Prose. cutor went up to him, and found a net in his possession, and a lad who was accompanying him wils carrying a bag containing a ferret. He gave as an excuse that he was going to Tai'r- ffynon Farm, but instead of that he was pro- ceeding in the opposite direction, and was about a quarter of a mile from the high road. Defen- dant had no authority to ferret on land belonging to Tai'rffynon.—Defendant pleaded guilty, and was fined 5s and costs. v AN UNFORTUNATE FARMER. Richard Owen, farmer, Llanlairfechan, was fined 5s and costs for being drunk at the Peny- bryn Inn, Llanfairfechan, on the 30th Septem- ber. NONMAINTENANCE OP A WIFE. Mary Chamberlain, Llanfairfechan, summoned her husband, Thomas Chamberlain, a coachman, for not contributing towards the maintenance of herself and two children, Plaintiff said they for- merly lived at Rugeley, Staffordshire, where her husband was in service as a coachman, and was receiving 24s per week. He was discharged from that situation, and deserted her on the 22nd July. She and the children had since then been depen- dent upon the charity of friends with whom she was now staying at Llanfairfechan.—Defendant had written to the chief-constable expressing his willingness to contribute 5s a week towards the support of his wife and children, and stated that he had been out ot work, but was now in employ- ment at Chester.—The Bench made an order against him for the payment of 7s 6d per week. DRUNKENNESS. For being drunk and disorderly the following were finedHenry Jones, Bethesda, 10s and costs; William Williams, farm labourer, Llan- degai, 10s and costs, and the same amount on a separate charge of drunkenness; Will'am Davies, sailor, Bangor, 2s 6d and costs; and John Parry, labourer, Bangor, 2s 6d and costs. CRUELTY TO ANIMALS. John Williams, porter, Pen Nebo, Menai Bridge, was summoned by Inspector Yates, R.S.P.C.A., for cruelly illtreating a donkey on the 2nd inst. The case was proved by P.C. Owen and by the inspector, whose evidence tended to show that there was a sore about two or three inches long upon the hind quarters of the animal. Defendant had a light cart to which was attached three donkeys, and he was fre. quently beating the animals cruelly with a heavy stick. Defendant was convicted at the Menai Bridge court for a similar offence on the morn- ing of the 2nd inst., and in the afternoon of the same day he again repeated the offence, with which he was now charged.—Defendant denied having used the stick to beat the animals.—The Inspector said there was a general complaiut at Menai Bridge about the cruel way in which the defendant was treating these donkeys.—The Bench inflicted a fine of 6s including COSVB.

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THE WELSH LAND COMMISSION. FRIDAY, AT LLANGEFNI, The Welsh Land Commissioners resumed their inquiry in the Town Hall, Llangefni, on Friday, Lord Carrington presiding. The Commissioners supporting Lord Carrington were Lord Kenyon, Sir J. D. Llewelyn, Bart., Professor Rhys, Mr J. M. Griffith, Mr E. Grove, and Mr Richard Jones, Mr J. E. Vincent, instructed by Mr G. Owen, Carnar. von, and assisted by Mr Owen Slaney Wynne, repre. sented the landlords, and Mr Ellis Jones Griffiths was the principal representative of the tenants. Mr R. Norman Davies, of Carnarvon, offered rebutting evidenoe to the statement made by a wit- ness named Thomas Edwards, of Gwynfaes, before the Commissioners at Carnarvon. Edwards stated that the law had allowed Sir Love Jones-Parry and Mr Williams to take from his pocket in effeat;CBOO, and further, that he, Edwards, did not get a penny for improvements. This statement was untrue. After a sale of land, at which Mr Williams bought II Gwynfaes, Edwards stated that he bad claims for compensation, and the matter was referred to arbitration. Two arbitrators were fixed but they oould not aaree, and an umpire-Mr Thomas Roberts, of Aher-was appointed. His award showed that £87 Is was due to Edwards, and this sum was at once paid to him by Mr Williams. Edwards also stated that the rent, of the farm in qnettiou was now £70. This was not true, the rent being £60, at which alim it has been let since it was purobased. The object of buying the farm was not to secare a good invest- ment, the laot that the purohase prioe was S1700 and the rent £60 sufficiently proving this. The farm was bought simply in the interests of the Llyfni drainage Boheme. An nn9ymuathetio land- lord or tenant at Gwynfaes could effectually blook the sobeme, and Mr Williams' sole object in buying tlÏe farm was to prevent any poaaiblo obatraotion there. Notioe was oertaioly Berved upon the ten- ant at once so as to get absolate possession early. However, subsequent inspection of the farm showed dearly that Edwards was not a desirable tenant to have there. Mr Thomas Edwards, the Carnarvon witness in question, oame forward, and repeated his state- ment. Being confronted with a cheque which had been paid to and endorsed by him for money said to have been paid for improvements he explained that the oheque was paia in consideration of his giving np possession of the farm before his term expired. By Mr Grove He |had told Mr Williams, the purobaser, before the sale that he had spent a lot of money on the farm. Mr Norman Davies recalled, said he had a copy of the arbitrators' notes, and an agreement signed by Thomas Edwards referring the whole matter to the arbitrators, including Edwards' claim for com. pensation for giving up possession. Even Edwards' own arbitrator only awarded X150 for all unexhausted improvements, and giving up posses- sion. Lord Carrington said that the matter could not be inquired into any further in face of those docu- ments. Mr E. K. Lenthall, owner of the Belmont Estate, replied to evidence given at Llanrwst by John Pritchard, one of his tenants. He denied that there were any workmen's cottages in ruins on the estate. Witness walked over the farm on Thursday, and could not see a trace of rabbits. The tenants iu accordance with their agreement had to cart coal. There were in witness's opinion ample buildiDgs on Pritohard's farm. He bad been told that Pritohard sub-let five acres of his farm for £14, and last year for £15. Mr Robert Smith, farm bailiff to Lord Penrhyn, rebutted the statement made at Llanrwst by Mr Robert Roberts as follows :—" Question Did Lord Penrhyn give you the whole of the seeds you required for one vear? Answer: He ordered and I paid for them." Witness produced the following letter he reoeived from the late Lord Peorbyn, dated 19th February, 1872.—"I received the enclosed letter to-day from the tenant at Yapytty. I have helped him in draining, &c. I told him last year that he seemed to have used bad seed, and be seems not to have forgotten my remark. I wish you wonld get him some good clover seed and turnip seed of the sort you reoom- meud. Let me know the amount, and I will atnd you a cheque for it. You can write to him and ask how and when it is best to be sent." Witness added, I ordered the seed in accordance with hia lordship's instructions, and paid for it." Lord Carrington Have you got the recsipt ? Witness said he had not the reoeipt, which was in Lord Penrhyn's possession. He however, handed in the invoioe and the bank passbook, showing the payment, whioh amounted to £25 6s 5d. It also passed through witness's monthly aooounts. He thought there must have been some mistake in Roberts making such a statement as this. Lord Carrington You think that Mr Robert Roberts is an honouroble man, and would not have made suoh a statement unless he was under a mis- apprehension ? Witness: I should hope aot, my lord. Mr Griffiths Is it not possible this amount may have been dedaoted from him when he paid his half year's rent. Witness: Nothing of the sort, You can see from Lord Penrhyn's letters it was his intention to pay, and it was paid through me. The Chairman said that the attention of Mr Robert Roberts ought to be drawn to this state- ment. Mr Morris Williams, Penygroes, Llanfechell, gave evidence, and said he was on the best terms with his landlord, Sir G, Meyrick. He had im- proved his holdina, and had been helped by his landlord to make tbose improvements. Tiie rents were moderate, and Sir George made generous abatements. If all t6nants were similarly situated there would be no need of a Land Court, but see- ing that all landlords were not so gtnerous as Sir George, and that farmers undoubtedly suffered from high rents and low prices, be thought the only remedy was a Land Court to fix fair rents all round. Farmers had new to go security for one another, and unless something was done soon a great many would, be ruined.. By Mr Richard Jones: Sir George did not under- stand Welsh, but Mr Prichard, the agent, did. He never felt the neoessity to go beyond Mr Prichard with any complaint. By Lord Kenyon: He expected Sir George Meyrick would deal fairly with him in the matter of improvements if be happened to leave his farm. By Mr Ellis Jones Griffiths A house had been bnilt on his farm about 16 years aeo, bat tbe rent had not been raised. Amongst the Badorgan tenants there were no grievances. Mr W. M. Preston said he was agent to Sir Richard Williams Bulkeley, But., and to the Hon. Lady Neave. The Baron Sill Estate of Sir Richard was now about 25,000 aores in extent, and Lidy Neave's about 5000. Language, religion, or politics did not effect the selection of tenants on either estate. During the last year and the present year he appointed tenants to three of the laritest farms on the Baron Hill Estate with Sir Richard Bulkeley's sanction, and to this day he did not know anything about their politics or religion, nor did be care. He took them on their merits as farmers. There were a few farms let on leases on both estates, and when- ever leases were asked for they were readily granted, Many of the farms had been in possession of families for many generations. There were penal- iBing clauses in the agreements, but they were never aoted upon on either estate. The Chairman Do you think they are any nse ? Witness replied that they were of use in the ease of bid tenante, inaemach as they were a safegnELrd. The average rent on the Baron Hill Estate was about £1 an acre for lowland an Is 6d an acre for upland farms while on Lady Neave's property it was 15s. No services whatever were demanded from the tenants except the payment of rent. On no consideration were farms let to the highest bidder. The rents on the Baron Hill Estate were raiRed generolly in 1853, and in Rome instances in 1862. III 1876 there was a revaluation, but there had been no general revaluation since. Sir Riohard Buooeeded to the property in 1864. There had been permanent redactions and temporary abatements. In 1886 Sir Richard returned £1687, or 121 P-r rent. in 1887, X1135 in 1888, £617, and in 1892 £1261. The temporary abatements on the Llys- dulas Estate of Ladv Neave var>d from 10 to 15 per cent. On the Baron Hill Estate, within 30 veers, ahout iC7868 bad been spent by the landlord in building new houses, farm buildings, 'repairs, and other improvements. In some oases rents were raised, hut were subsequently reduced. As to game he mentioned that in some cases it bad been let to tenants who re-let it lit a profit. The Chairman What happens if farms are put into the market? Witnes,, On the, Baron Hill Estate a IP"d number of farms have been offered for sale. At the last two sales the tenants bad the flrat refusal by private treaty. By Sir John Llewelyn He was deoidedlv of opinion that the larger landlords let their land at a muah lower rate than the smaller ljndlordi. Sir John Llewelyn Mr John Roberta spoke here yesterday of having made an appeal to Sir Riohard Bulkeley for compensation for improvements Have you got that oase under consideration ? Witness All such cases are under consideration. The purchase is not completed yet, and Sir Richard Bulkeley fully intends to go into the mat. ter. We have several claims for compensation on various farms that were sold, and Sir Riohard Bulkeley is considering the matter, and in due oourse Mr Roberts's case will be attended to with the others. Sir John Llexirelyn I am glad to hear that from you beoause I think the witness yesterday was rather afraid the adjournment was an adjournment tine die. Witness: It is not. If I may be allowed to ex- plain we were expecting our London solicitors down here before the Commission, but they were obliged to go away on other busiDesa. By Professor Rbys: The principal cause of de- pression was foreign competition. He thought an imposition of 5s to 10s a quarter doty upon oorn would be a sufficient increase to make corn growing profitable. Twice the number of men would be employed, and by draining the surplus popnlation from the towns the lot of the town labourers would be improved. By Mr Grove: They obtained about 45 an acre for garden allotments. The rent roll of the Baron Hill Estate was 921,000. To Mr Richard Jones According to the agree- ent tenants of Sir Richard were allowed to sell bay, straw, rce.?R and manure, provided that they replace same with artiffcial manure or feeding stuffs to onhird the valne of what is sold. Mr Richard Jones: I think that clause is a great credit to the landlord. Replying to Lord Kenyon, Witness said he con- sidered the Baron Hill Estate was very low rented. That was proved by the sales. The question of the revision of agreements was being considered by Sir Richard Bulkeley. In answer to questions handed in by Mr Vincent Witness said his experience of the Irish Land Court was that it satisfied neither landlord nor tenant. If there was a land court in Wales he did not think the landlords would spend money on buildings, re- pairs, and improvements. The prices at which farms were offered to sitting tenants were very much lower than was realised at tbe auction. Mr Samuel Hnghes, Bodsdnyfed, tenant under the Rev. Robert Hnghes, Calvinistic Methodist minister, said he was chairman of the Anglesey County Council. Farms were let as yearly hold. ings, and very few leases were granted or asked for, as it was generally understood that when leases expired, whioh they did in fourteen or twenty-one years, a rise in rent would take place, and that on the occupier's own improvements. Tenant farmers also had a suspicion that leases were not in favour by the agent, and, therefore, they dare not ruffle the equanimity of that person by even asking for one. He was not ready to say that changes of tenanoy were more frequent than in former years, but when there was a ohange it was his conviction that politics and religion in- fluenced the ohanges to a certain extent. Some estates, when there was a change of landlord, were revalued by a surveyor, and almost in all theqo cases the rents were raised, and that on the improvements of the preeent or former tenants. Never, to his knowledge, had the agent or landlord allowed an arbitrator to interfere. There had been no per- manent and substantial redaction daring these last and greatly depressed years, and tenants appeared very grateful and satisfied with the temporary reduction, whioh he aonsidered to be wrong in principle. Where a change in rent took place it was almost invariably advanced. and that not so muoh upon any principle or fluctuations of the market, but on account of some land encumbrances. or the landlord's want of resources, and that the farm had been improved at the expense of the tenant. Landlord and tenant were on most friendly terms towards one another. At the rent audit, when the farmers, after hard scratohing and borrow, ing money, paid their rents, the farmers were treated in return for their rent to a sumptuous dinner and a glass of beer, the better class with the aents (the landlords being strangers and foreigners), and the smaller tenants in some lower room and on inferior diet. Tbe friendly feeling, however, between the two classes was not what it ought to be. It might be that the landlords were not aware of this, inas- much as they had no intercourse with each other. Language was a barrier as well as their absence from tbeir estates, and the tenant, whatever his grievance or burden was when appearing before the agent or landlord, grinned, smiled, and bowed at with all complaoenoy (laughter). He was very sorry to think and to say that the Anglesey farmers as a citles (of oourse there were exceptions) were of such a servile disposition, and would go through any amount of drudgery rather than face manfully and yet respectfully, their superiors, and openly lay before them tbeir real and just grievances. By Lord Kenyon: On a farm witnesa formerly oocupied under the late Mr Hugh Williams, he had to pay for his agreement, and he thought that that was rather common in the oounty. Hares were preserved in the oounty, both from fear of and friendship for the landlords. In his opinion it was more through fear. In two cases on Lady Neave's estate Churchmen and Tories bad been appointed to farms previously occupied by Non- conformists. Lord Kenyon: A man may be a good farmer though a Churchman?—Yes.—And were these Churohmen preferred when the relations of the Nonconformists applied ?-I oannot answer that.- It may bave been exceptional ?-It might have been. By Mr Griffith: Witness had no complaint to make against the present landlord, who was a very good landlord. To Mr R. Jones: He had no agreement with his landlord, but he felt oonfident he would not be hardly dealt with. To Sir John Llewelyn Witness was paid in cash by his landlord for buildings he erected. Rent ought to be uniform over a series of years; he would suggest seven years, and taking good and bad years, strike a balanoe of the two. He would prefer gord compensation to fixity of tenure. In reply to Lord Kenyon, Witness said his farm was 70 acres, and he paid £60 rent. He had had no abatement, Lord Kenyon: And I suppose you would not have aocepted it if you had been offered it, accord. ing to your principles ? (laughter). Witness, questioned as to farm labourers, said that farmers expected the labourers to go out of the house at night. He was in favour of a temperanoe house in villages, with periodicals and baoks, to be managed by the farmers, labourers, and leading men of the locality. Mr Vincent: Is your landlord your uncle?—He is (laughter). What Anglesey landlords did you say are foreigners?—Lord Stanley is not a Welshman, and Sir George Meyrick is not a Welshman. (laughtor). Lord Kenyon: Do you consider England a foreign country ?—(laughter). Rather. Mr R. Toces: Yon would say an alien country. Lord Kinyoo: Are tbe Isle of Man and Puffin Island foreign countries then? (more laughter.) Mr John Hogbes (Frondeg): Do you know of a Nonconformist landowner who has let a farm; to a Churchmen ? Witaess: I do not now remember, my lord (laugh- ter). Mr C F. Priestley, of Hirdrefaig, said heocoapied three farm-. amounting in all to 1108 aores, at a rantal of £902. His landlords were the representa- tives of his late cousin and the Marquis of Anglesey, and be bad no complaints to make about his rent, which had not been raised for years, except a small eum of E20 for the sporting. The rent Oil the big estates ia Anglesey were very reasonable. The Chairman On the small estates are they screwed up at all ? -Ob, yes and the smaller they go the tighter the screw is (laughter). Continuing, he aid that he saw no harm in the preferential claim for rent. There were quite as many labourers 1as the farmers could find poney to pay for. Com- pensation for improvements was not as it should be, and the Agricultural Holdings Act wanted re- vising. Local rates bore toi heavily upon land they should be on personal property also. He did not see how they, oould escape from proteotive I dutios ev-ntually, and addsd For we have to keep Bailors who spend their lives on grand steamers, whioh are ruining us." As to a land i court he hated the name of it. The question of compensation ought to he thoroughly looked into, and be thought there should b provision for what lie called wanton disturbance. It was utterly wrong that people's homes should be sold above their heads I without compensation. The Board of Agrionlture might take the matter in hand. The Chairman Do you, as 110 man of great ex- perience, though disliking the name of a land court, think that the state of agriculture in Wales calls for some legislative interference ? Witness replied that tbey wanted better security for tenants, which might be done by amending the Agricultural Holdings Aot. The Board of Agrioul. ture might also have the power of advancing money where it was required by tenants for buildings, <&o. He thought this had become imperative over both England and Wales. To Professor Riiya He did not think there was j a dairymaid in Anglesey who could make oheeae. He would have to go to Cbettar for one. Many seafaring people were in reoeipt of parish relief for instance, a woman came on the rates through I the loss of ber brother last winter in the Naronic." I By Mr Jones: Under protection be did not be- lieve that nine-tenths of the farmers would have to pay more rent. To Lord Kenyon He formed that opinion bear. ing in mind that during the Crimean War, when wheat was high, and in the seventies when times were good, he bad not to pay any more rent. Wit. ness said he considered the question of farm ser- vants sleeping in the farmhouses was quite imprac- ticable. As a farmer and a magistrate, he could not imagine anybody suggesting for half a minute that such a practice should oame about. He con- sidered that the abatements of rectut years were very handsome. To Mr E. J. Griffith It was his impression that unless there was protection farmers and labourers could not live, an d he added, I really do believe we are going to the dogs if these times oontinue." Mr R. R. Parry, Bryn Ala, Gwilohmai, a farmer and relieving offloer for the Aberffraw district of the Holyhead Union, mentioned a case of a farmer and his wife who oocupied a farm of 40 acres. The land was ia very poor oonditiou aud not half fenood, and the tenant had to build gorse and straw buts. The rent was £50 a year for the firat few years, exclusive of rates and tithes. Two of the cbildrau were obliged to remain at home to assist their parents, and the other two, who were in service, brought home their wages to assist their parents to pay the demands on the farm, l'h tenant had invested his capital in manuring the land, but this year, though they could hardly get both ends to meet and could nut get proper clothes for their children or to pay the rent except in small sums, the tenant was obliged to pay £55 in future or quit his farm, and leave his labour and improvements. The landlord let tho game at; a high rent, and the sportsmen traversed the ground daily through the turnip and potato orops, &c. He could ;;ive other oases somewhat similar to this. He could also men- tion tbe case of a successful farmer. It could not be said that be was a batter farmer than the others, only that he had security of tenure, viz., a lease, and tbe rent was a little lower. By Lord Kenyon: The farm in Aberffraw to which he referred was owned by llrs Owen,Church. street, Aberffraw. The other farm was owned by Mr William Jones, Tylolan. Both owners would be in what Mr Moreton Pritchard called class B. Richard Rowlands, farm labourer, Gwalchmai, gave evidence as to the employment, food, and sleeping accommodation of farm labourers. Wages varied from 78 6d to 12s per week, their masters finding food. These wages were too low, but at the present low prices it was possible that farmers could not afford to pay better. The wages were better than they had been. There was a gap between farmers and labourers. Many farmers did not con. sider that the labourers were of the same flesh and blood as they. Food was fairly good, but servants were often young and had no experience in cooking. The sleeping accommodation was very poor. The cattle often had better places than the men, but he did not know whether the fault lay with the farmer or the landlord that buildings were not put np. In the evenings the labourers had no place of amuse- ment or recreation except the public-house, b^causa they were expected to turn out of the kitchen. By Mr Griffith: He came baforo the Commission at the request of other labourers. He had a small plot of land of three acres, for which be paid £4 10s a year, and it would be a boon to labourers gener- ally if they enjoyed the same privilege. He wanted rents lowered so that farmers caali p.y batter wages to the labourer. Mr John Williams, of Parnewydd, Llanerch- ymedd, farmer and alderman of the County Council, said that several farms had been sold in the county, and the tenants had derived no benefit from their improvements. He instanced the Rbiw- goch farm, on :he estate of Mr Lewis,LUnddyfnan, which was 41 acres in extent. The tenant esti- mated that he bad spent from E350 to £400 in improvements. The farm was sold and the tenant left without any compensation. Agaiu, Ufrild farm, of 28 acres on the samee-tate, was similarly sold, the tenant having spent R150 on his holding, and he had to leave, having only enjoyed the fruits of hid labour for a very short period. Witness knew of instances of tenants being obliged to sign agreements not to claim compensation for improve- ments made at their own expense and with the consent of their landlords if their holdings were sold, or if they were obliged to leave for some reason or other. Tenants unhesitatingly admitted the truth of these facts, but positively refused per- mission to make them known publicly, because tbey were afraid of possible consequences. Rents were raised on improvements made exclusively all the expense of the tenants. In proof of this wit- ness cited his own oase. His farm, comptisin 7a aores, the property of Mr E. H. Vernev, was in his uncle's life let at £7 a year. Many year-s ago there was only a few aores under cultivation. The remainder was left as waste end produced gorse, thorn, and rushes. In time all the laid was improved so as to become arable, all at the expense of ibe tenant. The landlord, however, erected a house at his own expense. but the tenant had to do the cartage. The rent was subsequently gradually raised from £7 to £45. There was a general com- plaint on the part of the tenants of Mr Vernev'a Rhiauva Estate. Throughout the island the rents were too high, and the tenants were obliged to pay over again for the improvements they themselves bad made. The farmer often suffered much hard- ship and injustice, and there was no place or court, or any Aot of Parliament worth mentioning to which he could appeal for fair play. If be com- plained to his landlord he was told that there were plenty of tenants to accept the terms offered, and if he told his grievance to the neighbours perchanoe some of them would be only too glad to betray him and take away his home from him. Some change must take place soon, or many farmers would be ruined. Mr William Prytberoh, Bodedern, a member of the County Council, who gave evidence for the Anglesey Agricultural Farmers' Union, said that no oounty had a better class of landlords than Anglesey. The present scale of compensation waa inadequate, and several penalising clauses in the agreement ought to be struck out. He was not in favour of a land court, but desired to see greater soope given to the Board of Agrionlture and also the extension of the provisions of the Agrioultural Holdings Act. When a farmer was obliged to leave he should have a year's rent for disturbance as well as compensation for improvements, if the farm was left in a tidy oondition. He dissented from many of the statements adduced by Mr Moreton Pritchard as to the value of certain farms and the common near Maelog Lake. Local authorities should deal with all cases of common right. The cottage accommodation was most defective as regarded sleeping quarters, parents and children were huddled up together, and the moral effect was therefore extremely bad. The cottages generally had been bailt by the tenants, who could notbeexpected to indulge in much expendi- ture. During the afternoon it was fonnd necessary for the Commissioners to divide into two courts, Lord Kenyon presiding over the second court. [For continuation of report see supplement.]