South Wales Echo

THE SHASOI;If you suffer from Headache, Biliousness. Indigestion, or the Liter, try Keroick s Vegetable Pills. In boxes, 7d. 13d, and 2s 9d. 252 SERGES, DONGABEES, PILOTS, &c., and all kinds of Indigo-dyed Garments, Royal Navy Serges, as I supplied to her Majesty's Government—Jot ham and Sona, 2b & 27, St. Alary-strect, Cardiff. 537

Our New York Letter. r New York's Fire Department. Its Marvellous Efficiency. Less Losses now than there were 22 Years Ago, with over Double the Number of Fires. The School of Instruction-Practising with a Dummy. How Peter Short Won His Medal. What Makes the Department so Efficient. Pride Not Money the Cause. From commissioner to stableman, and from chief to junior scrubwomen, there are 1,304 men and women in the pay of the New York City Fire Department. Of these 1,000 are active tire- men, divided into seventy-four uniformed com- panies, officered by a chief, two assistants, twelve chiefs of battalions, eighty foremen, and eighty- five assistants, and governed by the most perfect system of any fire department in the world. Of all the brancaes of the New York city govern- ment the fire department is the only one where politics have absolutely no place. The three commissioners who control its departments are selected by the Mayor from among his political friends, it is true. They receive salaries of a little over £1,000 a year, and while they owe their individual appointments to political influence, so far as the firemen are concerned they have no politics. The Fire Board is non-partisan. When a man has once been appointed to a place in the force it depends solely upon himself whether he will stay there or leave, and it rests in his own hands whether be will rise to the top rounds of the ladder or stop in the humbler place he first occupies. To show how certain a fireman is to have justice done to him, no rratter what his politics or his social influence may be, I will refer to the case of John McCabe, at present The First Assistant Chief of the Department. In 1886, while he was second assistant to the chief, he called out the entire force of the depart- ment to one fire, leaving the rest of the town un- protected. The commissioners regarded his action as an eTror of judgment too flagrant to be glossed over. AViiii-B no harm did happen, millions of dollars worth of property might have been destroyed. The commissioners therefore dismissed him because Mr McCabe did not regard the cauae sufficient. Ha engaged counsel, went before the Courts, and one year later was rein- stated, with the salary of the office during the time he had not worked. He has now been pro- moted, and when Hugh Bonner, the present chief, retires, the once discharged fireman will bJ the head of tbo tdepai-tinent, and so loug as he violates none of the rules he will keep his place. It is the certainty that they will hold their places for life that make the men work so faithfully for the small pay they receive. The chief gets the same salary as the commissioners. His first assistant gets a trifle oyer £800 a year the secoud assistant L700 and the chiefs of battalion a little over £ 600. These are the general oiffcers of thu department. Each com- pany has its special officers. The foremen get 2375, tii,3 as.,ii,-4taiitg about £ 300, engi neers of steamers £ 280, first grade firemen L240, second grade firemen £ 220; and third grade £ 200. To show the Marvellous State of Perfection attained by this department, we have only to look over the figures of its last annual report. In 1866, the year the department was organised, there was a population of 793 for each fireman, and the Toss averaged £1,600 each fire. In 1838 the population hava increased to 1,612 to each fire- man, and the average loss per fire was reduced to B340. In 1886 there were 964 men in the dpal (mont, thore were 796 fires, and a total loss of 91,285,6C0. List ysivr, with tho department increased less than 100 men during the 22 years of its existence, there were 3,217 fires, and the loss amounted to less than £ 1,100,000. How is this accomplished ? By hard work and inflexible discipline. From the moment a man enters the School of Instruction fresh from citizen life; to the day that he lays aside his badge and goes upon the pension list that discipline is never relaxed and the hard work is never lessened. Eternal vigilance and instant readiness are the prices wa pay for our sufety from dangerous fire, and, considering the dangor, we pay very little indeed. I The School of Instruction consists of a court yard, the roof and back wall of a high building, and a loug, deep attic room. The C,,urt-yard, roof, a,ici wall belong to the haed- some head-quarter's buiMiiig, where the Com- missioners make their official homo. The school of instruction differs from most schools in that while il makeN many graduates it never discharges a pupil. As Captain McAdams, the director, said to me the other day, They discharge them- sel ves. I never discharged a man in my life. You eee it's this way. When a green man comes to running up the side of a house on a scaling ladder, and jumpiug from a fourth storey into a net he begins to think that a firemitn's life isn't tho lot he thought it w,ts and if he hasn't the right ktild of stuff in him ho generally back" (lut." Not only do the greenhorns practice here upon their now duties. but members of the old com- panies drill regularly at the school four days in tue weok. The work of the school is twofold- putting out tires and saving lives. Every device known to the department is practised here. Every catastrophe that could bo imagined, save the fall- ing of a building, i:! made to occur, until the men become so perfectly drilled that nothing less than an oarthquaka or a powder magazine explo- sion disturbs tneir nerves. In their practice, a dummy" made of cloth, and of the weight of a man, acts as the victim. It is hauled out of windows by life lines, lowered hand over hand down scaling ladders, dropped into nets and tossed off the roof suspended from the handle of a parachute. Sometimes a fireman takes the dummy's place, but only when it has been demonstrated that there is no danger. Here is one of tho exercises set down for the use of the engine companies:—Take line of hose by ladder to fourth floor. Make fast line to ladder. Charge line, pipeman using ladder bolt. Move line to sixth floor inside building. Back down and out of the building. So great has been the improvement in the work of the department since the school was established that in a few years the entire force will be first grade. The ii companies are Scattered All Over the City, from the Harlem river to Battery Green, and from river to river. Two of th, oompanies are afloat on tire tugft, and are kept busy looking after the shipping and docks. The fire houses do not differ largely fiom those in Londou and Liverpool. The horses stand conveniently near to the engines cr trucks. When the gong strikes their halters are snapped apart by an electrical contrivance, and they trot instantly to their places under their suspended harness by the door. If the fire should be in their district the harness is dropped, and in three seconds the team gallops out of the building and disappears around the corner like a whirlwind and a dray load of iron combined. The horses are the chief pride of the department. They are magnificent animals, and ate the pets of every man who wears the blue uniform. Great care is taken in selectidg cliem, and even greater care is taken of their training. They are treated more like children than horses, and some of them show an in- telligence that seems more than animal in its scope. The men sleep on the second floor of their buildings in small cots, ranged in double rows like beds in a public hospital. At the end of the room are cut two round holes, and a slender round brass rod runs from the roof of the dormi- tory to the lfoor of the room below. This is the fireman's staircase. The second an alarm sounds the men upstairs dash for this rod, throw their hands around it and slide down to the floor. Sometimes were a man to run with all his spaed from his bed to the real staircase and then to the engine he would reach the door just in time to see his company turn the corner. No time is wasted in reaching a fire, and no time is wasted there either. Olten water ia thrown on a burning building one minute after the alarm is sent in, and in five minutes the building is sometimes saved. It takes two minutes for an expert fireman to scale the wall of a six-storey buildiug with his scaling ladder. These ladders are the only kind that avail anything in the new lfathouses that are being erected near Central Park. Take the Osborne, for instance. It is 13 stories high, and the longest extension ladder in the depart- ment will not reach beyond the sixth storey. The rest of the distance must be covered by the scaling ladders, which the climber books to the window-sill above him, climbs up, then hooks again to another window, and so on until the roof is reached. The fire department Keeps Itself Accurately Informed regarding every Jare building in the city. Once a month every such structure is inspected by the foreman of the local company, and if he finds any recently constructed obstruction to a frea passage throughthe building, out it must go and go at ones. Safety in buildings comes before anything else. The department not only controls he putting out, but the prevention of fires. t has a bureau of inspection of buildings and a bureau of combustibles. The former must approve of every plan of every new building to be erected in the city before the foundation stone can be laid. The building is erected under tho supervision of Bureau-inspectors, and its plans are recorded at headquarters for the use of the department. The Bureau of Combustibles keeps tracks of the storage and sale of combustible materials in the city. And ttll rules are rigidly enforced. In no depart- ment of the city is there quite so fiue an esprit de corps as among the firemen. They rigu so solely by their own merit thit they rightly value it, and good deeds are justly given their due-no more and no less. Popular clamour does not affect them in the least. The obscure fireman who risks his life to save another in a spot where no one sees him is awarded au equally high place with the chief of the battalion who saves a life before the eyes of the multitude. It is Merit Alone That Counts among the fire laddies. The simple saving of life is a matter not worth mentioning in the reports of a fire. Only when a life is saved at the risk of a ifreman's is the fact noted. Let me give you one cr two instances from the last report. Of the thousands of lives saved only one dozen are recorded. Ordinary bravery is simple bravery. Nothing less than heroism is worthy of record. Foreman Peter Shoot is the first hero. The fire was in a four-storey building. Foreman John White, of another company, was standing by his side on the roof when part of the roof fall in, carrying White with it. For a minute it was thought that he was killed, but when the dust cleared away he was discovered lying in a protected but extremely dangerous place. Foreman Short was miraculously saved by an eight-inch wall on which he afterwards climbed. He held his place and called for a rope. He lowered this to some firemen, and directed them to the prostrate foreman, who was rescued in an almost dying condition. The department record speaks of the occurrence as follows The heroic conduct of Foreman Short was especially commended by his immediate superior for again risking his life immediately upon his own escape from a dreadfu death, by remaining on a thhi, crumbling wall above the fire unsupported on either side, and by his own prompt, decisive action, which, in this dangerous position, inspired others to assist him in the rescue of his brother officer." The President of the Board returned the report with the following endorsement :—" Respectfully re- turned, with the information that Foreman Short's name has appeared on the Roll of Merit three times heretofore, and with the recommenda- tion that it be recorded on the Roll of Merit again." Which means in plain and unofficial language that Foreman Short, a particularly brave and plucky man in a small army of brave men, where bravery is almost more thought of than life, and where heroic deeds are by no means rare, has won the Roll of Merit band four times, and to a fireman no higher or sweeter reward can be given. The Department has An Insurance Department and a Pension Bureau. All firemen who die leave their wido-vi L200 at least, and after their retirement from the scrvico they receive one-half their salaties until their death. Small pay but sure, long hours and many of them, hard work and lots of it, danger and a plenty, make up the life of a fireman, with a hospital for its end may be, or at tho best a pen- sion at half-pay. Not much to excite one's envy to be sure, yet I am certain that one certain Peter Short would not exchange his lot, with his four bright medals, for all the glory and all the riches and all the fame of all thf world beside?. .I BENJAMIN NORTHROP.

IRISHMENANDTHE EMPIRE. Speech by Lord Dufferin. The Marquess ot Dufferin was entertained at a banquet; in Belfast on Thursday night. The Mayor presided. In replying to the toast of "Onr Weicorne Guest," Lord Dufferin dealt chiefly with India. He remarked that, without disparagement to either of tha sister kingdoms, he could say with perfect truth that both Ireland as a whole and UUter as a province had im- ported a vast amount of ability, industry, and valour into the Indiau civil and military services. At the present moment the supreme conduct of Indian affairs was entrusted to a Kerry nnb1"nlfln, the Marquess of Lansdowne; while 30,000,000 of Indian subjects in Madras were being governed with exceptional success and ability by a Burke of Al;iyo-Lord Connemara. The armies of tho Queoii in India were commanded with universal acceptation both of tho public and tho Govarnmont bv a Waterford hero, the victor of Candalwr-Sir Frederick Roberts; and 3tr George White had succeeded in a marvel- leuoy short time in reducing Burmah and the more troublesome hill tribes to submission. Sir George was a most distinguished soldier, of whom his native Antrim might well be prcud. Sir David Barbour, the able financier who had contrived, in spite of the treacherous, debilitated, and over- depreciating rupee, to evolve a surplus out of an impending deficit, was a Belfast man. In saying that he felt he was not trenching upon any burn- ing political question. The British Empire couid never get, on without an Irishman. His lordship then spoke of the prosperity of India, and Buid British manufacturing energy and enterprise had supplied millions with all the necessaries of life, and had taught them in their turn to establish in their own land rival looms and industries while above all the standards of moral obligation which prevailed in the West had vindicated their au- thority and planted their sanction both in the courts of justice and in the countiug-houses of Hindostan.

I EMPEROR AND CZAR. It will be remembered that about a month ago the Czar conferred the Commander's Cross of the Order of St. Stanislaus on the notorious Major Grueff, late of the Bulgarian army-the man who mutinied against Prince Alexander of Batteuberg, kidnapped him in the night, and held a loaded revol ver to his forehead. GrtldI has been living in Russia. It was considered an extraordinary thing that the Czar should decorate such miscreant, irid when the Gorman Emperor heard of the matter he spoke out his mind very freely in the hearing of about a doznn oiffcers gathered round his table. It so chanced that three of these oiffcers had themselves been decorated with the Order of St. Stanislaus, and, after hearing their Emperor's words, they returned their iusignia to tbe Russian Chancellery, with a collective letter, in which they declared that they could not continue to wear an order that had been conferred on a traitor for military mutiny. The Czir was furious, and instructed his Ambassador at Berlin to demand the exemplary punishment of the officers "who had insulted him." Prince Bis- marck was astounded when he heard what the officers had done, and he communicated with the I War Minister, who, before taking the Emperor's pleasure, placed the oiffcers under arrest for having entered into correspondence with a foreign Government without authority from their superiors." The Emperor, however, at once remitted the punishment. There the subject dropped, but,ail the same, there are sword s in the -tre swor ti in LI)e Russian autocrat's heart at this moment.

MR DAVITT ON SCOTTISH HOME RULE. The Glasgow Secretary of the Scottish Home Rule Association lias received the following letter from Mr Michael Davitt Btllybrack, County Dublin, Sept, 14,1889. "My dear Sir,-I regret exceedingly that I am not in a position to promise to attend the conference of the Scottish Home Rule Association on the 25th current. Tho pressure of private business will prevent me from leaving Ireland before November. I sincerely wish your conference every success. I am delighted to hear bow rapidly the idea cf Home Rule for Scotland is taking root, and I hope the outcome of the gathering in Dundee will be a widening and a strengthening of the move- ment which demands for Scotland the right to legislate tor her own domestic needs in her own common-sense way. Englishmen, who have always to be pushed forward by the Celtic race, will soon learn to clamour fer Home Rule when your country gives them a lead to follow Ireland, and then we shall havo Home Rule all round, and with peace in the bargain.—I remain, -your,, truly, "MICHAEL DAVITT,

BANK OF ENGLAND. A Modest Balance. I 77A half-yearly general court of the Bank of England was held at the Bank on Thursday, Tha profits of the half-year ended the 31st August had been 2724,118, making the rest £ 3,373,i78, and, after providing a dividend at the rate of 5 per cent., leaving a balanca of £ 3,010,528.

A RIVAL TO ELECTRICITY. Hydro-calcium is the coming gas, and which is to compete against electricity for public favour. Electricity does not give the housewife heat for cooking, whilst our ordiuary gas blackens ceilings and pollutes the house. The Hydro-calcium, which is pure hydrogen, is exactly that source of both pure light and heat for which the world is waiting.

OH THOSE TROUBLESOME THINGS.—My corns, my corns.—" Munday's Viridine" is the only successful remedy for corns and warts numerous testimonials received from all parts of the world announcing that by its use corus and warts are sure to be removed, and without pain Perhaps the best testimonial comes trom the fact that since J. Munday introduced thin remedy numerous have been the imitations of it, jind many users of these have asserted that Viridine has cured when these imitations have failed. Sold in bottles, Is; by post, Is 2d, by the sole proprietor J. MUNDAY, Chemist, 1, High-street, Cardiff. 1079-21

I London Gossip. I The London correspondent of the South Wales Daily News, telegraphing last liigiit, says A New Tory Pious Fraud." When, towards the close of the session, Sir M. H. Beach brought in the Railway Regulation Bill, it was confidently predicted that it would be impossible to get it through. Tho bill, which had its birth in connection with ths Armagh railway accident, was on the face of it a most autocratic edict. It gave the Board of Trade power to order a railway company, within a limited time, to adopt the block system on all its lines, to arrange for the interlocking of points and signals, and to provide that all passenger trains should be fitted with continuous brakes. There were several other injunctions, including the compulsory adoption of a system of coupling approved by the Board of Trade. But the main objects of the bill were to establish throughout the country the block system and continuous breaks. To the general surprise, the railway companies, whose influence in the House of Commons is far- reaching, offered no opposition, and the bill, passing its critical stages at a late hour, was added to the Statute Book. I learn from a high authority on railway matters that the explanation of this is very simple. Like much else in Con- servative legislation, Sir M. Hicks-Beach's peremptory bill was little more than a picus fraud. As a matter of fact, the provisions it tock power to enforce are already in operation throughout the British railway system. Of railway mileage in Eng- land and Wales, 97 per cent. is worked on the block system, and in Scotland 99 per cent. In Ireland only 31 per cent. of the mileage is so worked, but this arises from the fact that there trains do not run so fast nor so frequently as in this country. As to continuous brakes, according to a return furnished early in the session it ap- pears that at the end of last year there were only six per cent. of the engines and eight and a half per cent. of tha railway carriages in the United Kingdom not so fitted. One or two of the small companies, especially in Ireland, will be affected by the new bill, but the directors of the great railway systems were able to view its passage with equanimity. Barnum Fluters the Breasts of Railway Managers. Mr liarnum's chief visit to London, accom- panied by all the paraphernalia of his great show, is an event looked forward to with interest beyond tLe circle of mere sightseers, and will certainly carry good deal of money out of London when he leaves, but in the meantime he will have caused enormous sums to circulate. The share- holders of the District Railway Company are looking forward in fond expectation to the increase in their revenues certain to arise in connection with the spectacle. Olympia is on their route, and they bopo to reap some of the golden harvest in the way of traffic that made for them memor- able the year when Buffalo Bill peopled Oiympia. with denizens of the Wild West. The omnibus companies also hope to share in the benefits of the occasion. For Mr Barnum the speculation means a large investment of money, but he is pretty certain to make a good thing out of his six months' campaign. Buffalo Bill's Duchesses Mrs Harrises. I hear a good story about our old friend Buffalo Bill, who is contemplating a return to London after the Paris Exhibition closes. Some of his wide circle of acquaintances in the United States have observed, not with full satisfaction, the reception this enterprising person has met with in European society. When in Londou he ran Mr Jesse Coliings close in the race for the favour of duchesses, and in the inner circle where dukes and earls dine Mr Wiggin was nothing to him. When lie went to Paris, the Court of the President of the Republic had noth- ing to úff r in the way of competition with the demonstrations made in his favour by our old nobility. Spiteful comment was made upon this fact in some of the American newspapers, and it was argued that the Hon. Colonel F. Cody was "played out." Buffalo Bill made no sigu for some weeks, but one day there appeared in a Chicago newspaper a special despatch from Pari?, giving an account of a breakfast at which Buffalo Bill had been entertained by the bluest blood of the ancien regime. In the list of hosts there was no miugliug of tho names of the aristocracy of the Third Empire. They were all De Rohans. the Montmorencies, Guises, and even Condis. Rarely had such a galaxy of historic French names been gathered into a single paragraph. The news was copied all over the United States, and the tongue of detraction was silenced. Buffalo Bill's success in Paris was evidently even more com- plete than in London. After a. while the truth leaked out. The paragraph was a ooncoctlon of a journalistic friend of the Hou. Col. Cody's, and the imposing list of ritlep, many of them extinct and some invented, was a work of imagination. How to Make 1,300 Per Cent. Towards the close of the linancial year, which has seen some notable books on the Stock Ex- change, the run just now taking place in Ooeana shares commands attention. The Ocean a Land Company was launched a few months ago to purchase a tract of country in South Africa which it was alleged might contain gold. Oue pound was called up on the shares, which were pretty freely taken. In a very short time they began to show signs of vitality, reaching the price of LS, which seemed pretty well. This point was tonchod a fortnight ago, and many of the lucky proprietors sold out, pocketing their 400 per cent. profit. Since then the shares have advanced by leaps and bounds. Yesterday they touched L14 10s a share, and this afternoon are marked at £15. This beats browery shares or even Nitrates, and will doubtless have some effect in stimulating the speculative spirit confidently looked forward to when the holidays are over and the Stock Ex- I change is in lull swing. I Luxurious Lodging for Canine Haut Ton." To a great many people leaving London for the Continent at the end of the seaeon there arisef the question, what is to be dona with the 3 dog ? No lady of fashion is now fully equipped unless she have a priceless pug or a more than usually ugly dachshund. To take them abroad involves inconvenience and even danger to the precious freight, The difficulty has been met this year for a good many people by the establishment of a temporary home for dogs. It is situated at Brig-htou under the direction of a lady of culture and good birth, and every care is taken to alleviate the anxiety of the temporarily-separated ownars. Tha price of board is high, much more than it would cost to keep an East End child in clover for an equal period. But only dogs moving in the highest social circles are admitted. Medical supervision is engaged, food is carefully selected, and fresh air, admirable sanitary arrangements, and judicious exarcisa are guaranteed. A Jaunt Round the World. The tour of Sir Somers Vine, who has been all round tho world in the capacity of Special Uom- missioner of the Board of Governors of the Imperial Institute, is drawing to a close, and, according to letters just received, has been marked by unvarying t-uccess. The new knighr has certainly had at somebody's expense a com- prehensive tour. He left London in 'November last, travelling through France, Switz-rlanti, and Italy, en route for the East. He visited Ceyloi and India, Penang, Malacca, and Singapore Thence he went to Java, New Guinea, and Australia, visiting all the larg( towns in the colonies. Tasmania ano New Zealand were next visited. The Sand wich Islands were not forgotten, and, landing af San Francisco, Sir Somers proceeded to Britist Columbia. Afterwards Canada was gone through, and the last despatch leaves him at Washington whence he returns home, taking the West Indiet on his way. Sir Somers, before he left town, Wat an occasional guest at the Garrick Club. Beinl there one night, shortly after he had received hit knighthood, he mentioned that he had taken i place in the country. I live at Vine Cuurt, Cbislehurst," be said. Vine Court ?" said M' W. S. Gilbert from the other side of the room What number ?"

d- MR CAINE, %M.P.$ ON THE CURSE OF PARLIAMENT. A return having been recently published allow- ing the number of divisions participated in by various members of Parliament, and in which Ms Caine is made to figure rather low down on tbt list, that gentleman, writing from Tobarmory, ifi the island of Mull, says From the day Parlia- ment met, in February, until the end of July, I have been in my place in the House regularly every day but six, two of which were spent at Barrow, and the other four at important tem- perance anniversaries. I have sat in the librarj of the House throughout more thaa one sitting in which over a divisions have been taken without taking part in any of them, their natura being frivolous or obstructive, and the majorities overwhelming. If a member shirk important divisions from cowardice or incapacity to make up his mind, then his constituents had better get rid of him but n" constituency should expect a reasonably intelligent member to go through the slavish drudgery of the endless frivolous divisions', which are become the curso of Parliament merely for the sake of scoring up a record. I am quite sure I have voted on every occasion on which h6 opinion of the House was af-ked on auy Kubjecfc worth dividing about at all."

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I had Intte 1teJ;\t lw: I commencd. But I soon felt that I was slowiy im- proving, and resolved to jersevare with the Qui- nine Bitters, and in a ihort time I could erjoy refreshing si ep. my appè- tite was returning and ay couah becom ng Ie.s severe, while mvbreathing became much easier. 1 sontinued the use of the Sitters unLJi I felt that Bronchitis had entirely (eft me. I am now as well is ever, but believe that I ihould have been in the grave before this had it tot been for Gwilym Kvans' Quinine Bitters. I trust this testimony will •ncouraze others who suf- ter from this painful malady tu give a fair trial X> what has proved so Beneficial to me. Yours gratefully. IARAII DAVIES, 23, Patrick's Row, Wigan. Feb. 11, 1889. DEAR SIR,—I thiuk it right to inform you of the great benefit I have re- ceived through using 6WILYlf EVANS QUININE BLTEERS. I suffered tor three yen rs from indigestion and palpitation of the heart. I am ellgaged in a mill, six storeys high, and as my work is on the top floor, I have to ascend five Sights of steps. I used to be <0 exhausted when I reached the top that I could scarcely speak, About last Christmas my father bought a 2< '1,[ buttle of GWILYM l£v\;>;s' QUININE BITTFRS. After taking that bottle I felt so much better that he bought another, since taking which I can ascend the steps to my work with ease, and feel none of the pains in my side that I formerly had. I can also eat my meals with pleasure in fact my health i- quite changed for the better. 1. thank you for pro- ducing such a BOON to SUFFERING HUMANITY as your QUININE BITTERS has proved to be. I am. yours truly, MARY ONNEXL. Gwilym Evans, Ksq. 59, Libra-road, Roma.n. road, Bow, London, E., Sept. 1st, 1389. SIR,—Please send me anorher 4s 6d bottle of <.WILTS! EVAESSQCININK BITTERS. I have been suffering from nervousness and debility, and have tried many remedies before, but I have never known a spe- ci L-c so remarkable in its effects as the Quinine Bitters. It seems to build up the exhausted nervous system by a slow cumulative process, which imparts force and vitality to all the organs of life. I consider it of inestim- able value to all nervous sufferers. ): our. tScc JTF. J AUG HAN. SWILYM EVANS' QUININE BITTERS BEWARE OF IMITATIONS. Jee the name of GWILYM EVANS on label stamp, and bottle. Sold in 2s 9d and 4s 6d bottles. cr in cases containing ihree 4s fed bottles, at 12s bd per case, by all Chemists, ir direct from the Proprietors, carriage free by Parcel Post. 1130 Sole Proprietors :— QUININE BITTERS MANUFACTURING CO. (LIMITED). LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. BEVAN & COMPY., HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE 21, DUKE STREET, no ST. IARY g T R B E T^ CARDIFrt. LARGEST SELECTION of R OUSEHOLD I IURNITURE IN THE PRINCIPALITY. JQESPERATELY LOW PRICEI. PER CE.NT. UNDER FULLY TWENTY-FIVE PER CENT, UNDER THOSE OF ANY OTHER HOUSE. i No stronger proof can be given of the popularity of this Firm than the rapid and continual increase of their business. In order to meet the great development of their trade thoy have just provided stabling for 1 TEN ADDITIONAL HORSM and extra vans, so that in future goods will generally be delivered to greater difitinces by road than hitherto, including Newport, Barry, Cowbridge, Bridgand, Khondda, Aberdare, and Merthyr dis- tricts, thus avoiding damage by rail transit. DELIVERY OF ALL GOODS, WHETHER BY ROAD OR RAIL. FREE Within one hundred miles. lARGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES GRATIS AND POST FREE ON APPLICATION. BE VAN & COMPY., REGISTERED AS "fTTHE CARDIFF FURNISHERS. 'JL Vj X 316 6793 itasiittss ADDresses. II HOME-MADE PIC K L E S. PICKLE YOUR OWN CAULIFLOWERS. ONIONS, CABBAGES, BEETROOTS, &C MAKE YOUR OWN PICKLES. I You can make them at a quarter the price of bought Pickles; you can make them superior to the best "Factory-made Pickles." Make them yourself,and you t can then be certain nO Pdsonou3 Colourins are use?l. 1 TAKE CARE WHAT SORT OF PICKLING j VINEGAR AND SPICES YOU BUY.  ALBERT HAGON MANUFACTURING CHEMIST, ¡ 39, BRIDGE-STREET, CARDIFF, f ¡ MAKES PICKLING INGREDIENTS A PARTI CULAlt PART OF HIS BUSINESS. HAGON'S SPICED VINEGAR I is 6d per gallon, contains the Essence nf Mace, Lon. Pepper. Cloves, Ginger, Allspice, Black and White Puppe", Capsicums, &:c extracted by a new pr?)cevl with the Unt?t Vit.b?r. DII?,EC'1'IONS?- or j jar the Pickles, till up with Spired Vinegar, cork I tightly, and the Pickles—appetizing, piquant, aiii J pl???ant to the taste, aiding die%iol1-will be ready i?, I from ten to fourteen days. PLAIN PICKLi?G VI?KGAR.—Special strength I and thvour for pickling purposes. Best quality, Is 5d J per i?U!on. ) MIXED PICKLING SPICES —13 per lb. 2 or., lid. [ Be careful about the Vinegar many a tine jar of Pickles has been spoiit and wasted by using Bad Vinegar." Vinegar in one gallon quantities delivered i to any part of the town Free. 28 THE ATLAS 1 FURNISHING COMPANY >>. ST- J011K'S SQUA I. ?. t3 ? ^JARDIFF. THE ATLAS FURNISHING COM JL PANY, 5, ST. JOUN S-SQUARK, CARDIFF, continues to Supply I HOUSEHOLD FURITURE of Every ))LB Desniption to All Classes ou EASY TERMS, ^^T the Lowest Possible Pncea. I THE "ATLAS" COMPANY is Most npHE "ATLAS" COMPANY is Most J^IBKRAL Manner in which they transact ALL their Business. I s ECPECY is Guaranteed. FURNITURE supplied by this weH- known Firm is made by them for USE, and not for show only and the utmost RELIAXCE can be placed on the quality JL V and make of the goods. "VTO PXBBISH SOLD or kept in stock ..L for marking up cheap to dceive tue P-?blio. I INCLUSIVE PAYMENTS from Is 6d i Weekly. U CITES of DINING, DRAWING, or I O BEDROOM FUfiNII'UltE from 2s 6d Weekly. I HIGH-CLASS CABINETS, Sideboard- t 9 Bedsteads, Bedding, and Every Hou.,et, Requisite, INCLUDING Broom, Brushes, Knive; Forks, Spoons, laucepan?. Kettles, &c. "VTO SECURITY REQUIRED, No Fees -L?t Charged, No Enquiries Made. GOODS supplied will be Repaired if G occasion anse Free of .111 CHARGES, or exchanged if not approved. c The Atlas OWN MANUFACTURED Furniture, Supplied to Householders and 1 O'lgers oji Weekly, Fortnightiy, or MONTHLY PAYMENTS, and deHvered 1: Free of charge, PERAMBULATORS. InvaHd CKrr!?H? P and Furniture Lent Out by the Day or Wei-k, ALSO with option of Purchase, at Is 61 Weekly. "VTEVER were more Liberal Terms ?-.? O?ared in (,? ,Iiff or ebewhere. as is proved l?y 1 Increase of Business j YEARLY at the ATLAS" FURNISH- J jL ING COMPANY, 5, T. JOllN'S-MiUARK, ) CAUL'IFF. COLTSFOOT CHEST PROTECTOR (RKGISTEKED PREPARATION). A MOST SUCCESSFUL REMED Y CURES COUGHS, COLDS, ASTHMA. BRON- CHITIS, WEAK CHESTS, &c. SOLD IN BOTTLES AT Is III & 2< 9 i. EACH By all Chemists & Patent Medicine Vendors of post free from proprietor, jyj" ORGAN ^7 JAMES, WHOLESALE CHEMIST, MANUFACTURER AND INTRODUCER OF NEW DRUGS, LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. 972 TRAPNELL & GANE, 35 & 38, QUEEN-STREET, CARDIFF, Having placed IMMENSE FORWARD CONTRACTS fur BEDSTEADS, Are enabled (notwithstanding the unprecedented rise in price) to SELL at EXTREME OLD RATES. They are now showing THE "GUINEA" BEDSTEAD, Full-size, Brass Rails and Mounts, TRAPNELL & GANE'S £11 BEDSTEAD £ 1 1B Is the best value ever offered. The "GUINEA BEDSTEAD, of which wei have over 100 ready for INSTANT DELIVERT manufactured ONLY BT TRAPNELL & GANE, 35 & 38, QUEEEN-STREET, CARDIFF, THE LARGEST BEDSTEAD FACTORS, THE OLD- ESTABLISHED BRISTOL HOUSE FURNISHERS. See our Windows, or write for Special Illustrations of THE GUINEA BEDSTEAD, Which, with our Illustrated Catalogue of FUltNITURE, Will be sent Gratis and Post Free on Application. TRAPNELL & GANE, CARDIFF, NEWPORT (Premises in course of construction), PRISTOL. ESTABLISHED 70 YEARS. 728 ,-¥- ¥ G. A. STONE & CO., COMPLETE FUNERAL FURNISHERS. BVERY REQUISITE FOR FUNEBAI.S OF ALL CLASSES. Proprietors of Cars, Hearses, Shelliblem, Ruperb Flemish Horses, Coaches, Broughams, am every necessary equipment for Funerals. I PitiCK LIST ON Application ——— 24t 11, a 12, WORKINGS • STaKlSC £ CARDIFF. f V I f 9500 REWARD. Owing to the extravagant and frequently misleading stateimaents made in advertisements by retailers of Tea, however superficial their knowledga of the article may be, PHILLIPS & CO. tbink it necessary once again to clearly state their own position in the Trade. > PHILLIPS & CO.'S experience (extending over a period of about forty years), has enabled them to watch the Indian and Ceylon Tea Trades' since their infancy. And with regard to FINE TEA. PHILLIPS & CO. having made a study of the finer qualities of Tea for over a quarter of cantury, have tha enviable reputation, of introducing into Wales the choicest: Teas imported, PHILLIPS & CO.'S Teas are now secured in two ways only. Firstly In India through a Tea Syndicate, of which they form part, and Secondly Through registered Tea Brokers on tho Muicing-lane Market, the largest Tea Market in the World. PHILLIPS & CO. knowing that claims of this kind are dis- credited, owidg to the frequency with which they are made by firms holding no such position, hereby offer to pay V £ 500 to) any person proving that they now secure tb«ir Teas otherwise than as stated above. PHILLIPS & CO.'S already extensive and rapidly increasing trade in Cardiff convinces them that the jiubha here, as elsewhere, appreciate really Fme Tea, and they aunexalist of their better known qualities, viz. :— PER LW. PHILLIPS & CO.'S BLEND 3/- PHII-LIPS C<VS BLEND 2/6 PHILLIPS & CO.'S BLEND .2/- PHILLIPS & CO.'S BLEND .1/10 PHILLIPS & CO. rny here mention that TeM are sometimes iff'Ted to the public agtlioflnest Teas im- ported at prices below 2/- per lb., sometimes with intent to deceive, though oftener perhaps through gross ignorance of the Trade on the put of the dealers themselves. It would appear from the statements made .h it ignorance of his trade is one of the rhnmcteristic features of the average Tea Deiler. PHILLIPS & CO.. 74, QUEEN-STREET, CARDIFF. b72 + I ■■ j I jjtis f W > C'>7"¡ r. j]t:;B; -1 "r HL- v #" FURNISH ON OUR NEW HIRE SYSTEM.— JC Houses or Apartments completely lurniahed on a n»ew system adopted solely by vis, whereby all puolicity, exposure, and enquiries usually made by other com- panies &)e d?n-'n?ed with. We have an immense stock of Household Furniture of cheap and superior quality. All goods sold on the Hire ytem at ready-money prices We make no e?t,r? charge for credit, and all goods sent home in a private van free of charge. No stamp or agreement charges made no bill of sale; everything private. Arrangements completed without delay, and, bein- manufacturers, we guarantee quality, and will undertake to supply furniture, etc., at 10 per cent. less than any price list issued by any ttrm in Cardiff. Eleven showrooms. Call and inspect our immense stock, and compare prices before purchasing elsewhere. We will supply 25 worth for 2s 6d weekly; E10 worth. 4s weekly; E15 worth for 5s weekly; B20 worth, 6s weekly; and so on in proportion. Special terms for larger quantities. No objectionable agree. ments used. Please note the Address SOUTH WALES FURNISHING COMPANY, 31, Caatle-st. (opposite the Castle) Cardiff, 12783-1100-32 I t ¡. r S. ANDREWS & SON'S UNDERTAKING AND FUNERAL FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENTS. 96, QUEEN-STREET (OPrOSITE PARK-HALL BUILDINGS), AND 30, WORKINU T CARDIFF. 699 PRICE LIST ON APPLICATION. ifogittiss j\blrres5ts. LIPTON'S TEAS. DIRECT FROM THE TEA GARDENS TO THE TEAPOT. PURE, FRAGRANT, DELICIOUS, PER IS 2D AND IS 6D LB. THE FINEST THE WORLD CAN PRODUCE, PER 18 UD LB. It is estimated that at least FOUR MILLION PERSONS Are now daily drinking and enjoying these the most Popular Teas of the age. 5, 7, 10, and 121 bs packed in Patent Air-tight Canistera without extra charge. UPTON. THE LARGEST TEA AND PROVISION DEALER IN THE WORLD CARDIFF BRANCH: ST MARY-STREET (NEXT DOOR TO THE THEATRE ROYAL). O 51W»V AAlNl W.A • ARCADE BUILDINGS, Y Ai? OJltA HIGH-STREET, And all the Principal Towns in England and Scotland. 527 H?OYAL '?ISIT ,TO ?  ALES. JJOYAL VISIT 'O WALES. m ESSRS STEVENS & SONS, CONFECTIONERS, CARDIFF AND WREXHAM, Were entrusted with the Principal Catering in connection with the above Yisit. 51 rBlEETH.—Complete Set One Guinea J. Single Tooth, 2s 6-1. Five years' warranty Re. models, repairs, &c. Painless Dentistry, Gas. &C GOODMAN AND Co., 1, Old Dock-street, Newport, and 56 Queeu-st., Cardiff, 26  J T IS A FACT Acknowledged by their many Customers thlt the FURNITURE AND FURNISHING GOODS SOLD BY THE CAMBRIAN FURNISHING CO., 27, THE HAYES, Are from ten to twenty per cent lower in prices than any other house in Cardiff. See our goods and compare prices before purchas- ing-it will pay you. THE CAMBRIAN J^URNISHING c OMPANY are the manufacturers of the goods they sell, and if you wish to pave money, buy at first hand sound, reliable goods from rjlHE ^JAMBRIAN JrURNISHERS, AT ?7. T? HAYEa- i*. 949

TO ADVERTISERS. The South Wales Echo is GUARANTEED to have a Larger Circulation than that of ALL the other Evening Papers of South Wales and Monmouthshire added together. As regards Cardiff alone, it is almost uu- necensary for us to add that the circulation of the South Wales Echo is IMMENSELY GREATER thau that of any other Eveuiug Paper.

The Man About Town, There is one point more which it is advisable to mention in connection with th Cardiff South Ward contest. It is not only that it is necessary that the Liberal voters should poll early, though that is important; it is rather that the Liberals who support the Labour candidate should do their utmost to provide means of conveying voters to the poll. Some of them, and the remark is as true of one side as of the other, will not take the trouble of going to the Ballot-box until they are carried there. No reproach is involved in the remark. Men from their work, women from their household duties, have little time to spare, and should be accommodated to the extent of our resources with the convenience that we used to be allowed to pay for, and can only supply by voluntary contributions now. "Cardiff in Paris" has given me a text before in connection with the excursions arranged by Mr Councillor Trounce and Professor Barbier but it. was not until last night I learned that Cardiff in Paris" really meant a representation of the Cardiff municipality. It was the seductive Trounce, 1 suppose, who persuaded them to travel, and few men know Paris better than he does. He could show tli em the sights, and perchance some of the secrets, with a greater paternal care than is to be expected of a valet deplace or an ordinary guide. Some of our local residents, as I stated a week or two ago, were presented to President Carnot. Dare I say that at least seven of our municipal representatives were collectively presented to the City of Paris ? ♦ » There are some comical stories anent the ascent of the Eiffel Tower, or should it not rather be called a spire These aspiring gentlemen must have looked upon Lutetia as no one of them had looked before. Paris has been familiar to me for years past, from the heights leading to St Denis, from the for- tress of Vincennes, from the hill of Montmartre, and the Buttes Chaumont, away beyond the Cemetry, where poor and neglected George Michel found his subjects for pictures which he sold for next to nothing and are now the treasures of opulent galleries-chiefly in America. I scarcely imagine that many of the Corporation party scaled the heights. In my mind's eye there are more than two or three who would wait for an elevator or a tram-lift like that at Scarborough. • « But they all saw much, and, I would hope, learned much, in their peregrinations around one of the best-kept cities I know. They could not form a favourable opinion of its water supply, or of the sewerage system in connection with the hotels or private houses but they could find instruction in the matter of the regula- tion of public buildings, the conduct of the streets, and the stern edicts which compel everybody, including the irrepressible nurserymaid with a perambulator, to make way alike for the basv merchant and the saunterer. It is difficult to make out the exact motives which impelled Mr Alderman Taylor, usually a model of discretion in municipal affairs, to commit himself to a proposal so certain to be contentious as that of a public reception to the Church Congress. The idea might have assumed a different aspect if he had suggested a private subscription in order to engage the Town-hall, and invite the Episcopal and other dignitaries to be nominally the guests of the Vicar of St John's. The notion, however, of taxing the town for the entertainment of our clerical friends is to my mind as likely to be offensive to them as I am sure it would be unpleasant to a great majority of the ratepayers. Ille shall ail be glad to welcome them, and I know as a fact of many houses of Nonconformists which are being hospitably placed at their disposal. To levy a toll on ns, in the shape of an addition to the Mayor's salary, for the sake of what must in any case be a conventional compliment, would rob our hospitality of its spontaniety, and most probably be the provoking cause of the very controversy our visitors would least like to hear even a whisper of. • • o One of the most interesting incidents in connection with the British Association meeting at Newcastle was the presentation of an address from the Trades' Council, and Professor Flower's address in reply. "The researches of science, he remarked, "have produced effects upon our mode of thinking on many subjects—on our relations to each other and to the universe, -effects the end -of which we hardly see at present." "As an instance in point, the President adduced the existence of indi- vidual differences and variatious in different animals and plants, and the fact that the progress from the lower to the higher forms of animals and plants has been due to the opportunity of those individuals who are a little superior in some respects to their fellows of asserting that superiority, of continuing to live, and of pro- pagating as an inheritance that superiority." This principle Professor Flower believes to be equally applicable to mankind, and he urged his hearers to think out for themselves its bearing upon the pro- blems of human life. There is so much talk nowadays of equality that it is well for us to be reminded that progress has hitherto depended, not upon the maintenance of a dead level of equality, but upon the chance of life afforded to individual superiorities. ? x There is not much evidence of absolute equality in humanity—equality, that is, of powers and endowments but there is end- less variety, and progress is more rapid in proportion as such superiorities as a man possesses over his fellows have, as Professor Flower described it, their full fling." To examine the past with a view to seeing how far this condition has been present would be too saddening a task, the energies of mankind having been most frequently applied to crushing such in- dividual superiorities as have from time ta time been evolved. A certain amount of social progress must have been made before the desirability of giving free play to in- dividual peculiarities is widely recognised. It is of course possible to use the theory of the "survival of the fittest" as an excuse alikefor individual wrongdoing or for class tyranny, just as it is possible to make "equality" a plea for the repression of originality and personal endeavour. The real equality to be aimed at, that which secures the common rights of all, is desirable chiefly in order to secure to each person the chance of develup- ing the best that is in him, but it must be regarded as a means rather than an end, and Professor Flower does well to remind us of hat wholesome truth. < I have frequently cited experiences which come to me in Ireland with reference the everlasting agrarian question and the cruelties of the system of law that practically places all the power in the hands of the landlord, as often as not an absentee. That must be my excuse for reverting to the subject, and in placing before my readers a very vivid picture of the condition of things at present prevailing on the Olphert estate in North Donegal. It is taken from the report of a correspondent whose trustworthiness I have before been enabled to assure myself of, and it illustrates as well as Swift himself could have done the difference of ideas between let me say Cardiff Liberals and the followers of the Irish Chief Secretary on the point of the tranquihsation of Ireland. The correspondent, accompanied by Father Boyle, an Irish priest, and Miss Borthwick, an artist who is painting eviction scenes for exhibition in London in the winter, was driving along the road to Gweedore :— Fresently we turned off the main road to Gweedore and took to the mountains. I was walking in advance of my car, when I came on two carts laden with oats standing by the door of a small public-house. Four policemen armed with rifles were lounging at the roadside. As I approached they took up their rifles and drew themselves across the road as if to prevent me from passing. However, they seemed to think better of it, and sulkily made way for my companions and myself. Further on two more police- men, also with rifles, were posted on the hillside, apparentlyas sentinels. At length, after driving over a rocky and dangerous road, we came to the valley of Glasserchoo." The writer goes on to say "A curious sight here met our eyes. Some six or seven emergency men were at work in a field of oats. Each man had a revolver in his belt. These fellows were guarded by a force of police, with their firearms in readiness, and two inspectors in command. The emergency men were reaping the oats with all possible speed. In the road was a wonderfully picturesque group of Donegal peasantry, about twenty or thirty in number. Their look of sorrow, of indignation, of wonder, cannot be described. They appeared as if they were just allowing the scene to sink into their hearts. We also stood and looked on. The police did not like our presence. They glanced uneasily at my notebook, they positively squirmed under the influence of Miss Borthwick's sketch book and pencil. The two officers seemed thoroughly uncom- fortable and ashamed of themselves. In fact, they ought to have been. These emergency men were taking the crop of a poor woman who had just been evicted. The oats were still green, and could have been of no use when carted away. The act, therefore, was simply one of vengeance and cruelty on the part of the 'model landlord.' But there is :one other little fact which English people ought to know. The oats were the produce of seed supplied by English charity at the time of the great distress in Gweedore. One would have thought that even a 'model landlord would have hesitated to order such a deed of shame. Mr Hagon, of 39, Bridge-street, again writes to me to say that I have fallen into an error in assuming that insect powder, like vermin powder, contains more or less strychnine. At any rate, he says, so far as the insect powder made by him is concerned, it is free from any poisonous ingredient whatever.