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AGRICULTURE.

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AGRICULTURE. TOPDRESSTNG FOR D GRASSES.—Would you favour TOPDRESSING FOR MIXE Id consider to be a ood top- me b)' stating what you iO:nd sulphate of ammonia and d!eSSlDr for new grass. a ood crop, but it is of inferior lutrte of soda rus uislied by the horses. After being quality, the hay belDg ch inferior to that which gt no cut. th !trassr "eto:'r:y of the stools dying out altoge- artificIal app ca 10 mixture composed of equal weights of ther.. [B1 UIIDg aDitrate of soda and superphosphate, the Perdu\'lan lkua, the form of grass or hay will be superior. pro uce a Ie. bl' d h d bl d Th ht will be oonsldera Y increased, perhaps ou e de t:lg rass will oontain relatively more nutriment than aD e uaf weight of produce from lands not so manured. Ôe ¿wto of eaoh aubstance to t acre should pron sufficient If the land is not in good condition, tWD cts. of superphos- bates in addition should be applied—that is, three cwts. in Pn. The superphosphate and gano may be apphe erl, rn March, and the nirate in April. If the wether is .mlld, .th showers at the time the manures are applied, theu ae- "!I will be more immediate and more decided.] tloDISEASE IN POULTRY.—My poultry ne been affeced for the last two seasons with what to me is a strange disease Tbe ,when about four months old, at £ rst get (eoble on tb .y legs knee-joints swell, lose their appetite for a week o/ cobs get white and shrink, bodies, unnaturally hot, lose condition, and hangs about hem for two months Could you, through your valuable journal, suggest a cure, if not a preventive, and oblige. [The disease IS apparently What is termed by some writers leg-weakness. See that there is lime rubbish or powdered oyster shells in the usual Walk oltbe poultry. Protect them from dampness, an feed on nourishing food. The predlsposmg cause of the disease is doubtless dampness, with insufficient food. Thoso that are apparently unwell, should be kept confined and fed n bOIed food given moderately hot. They may also receive daily atale wheaten bread soaked in strong ale. Allow a little l1eah and fat, also ourd and milk. But agam we repeat, lec'Jr8 a dry, olean, and cemfortable place for te poultry to resort to during the night. Hue you a heaithy breed of poultry ? if not, a ,isit to Balthayock House may prne a louroe of profit to you.] MANURE FOR MOS8LA.ND. What portable manure or mixture o( manures woal(1 y°« recommend along with farm- yard dung, to grow a °rop of turniP8 on a field reclaimed from mnJf' o JST TS'S ago? The tUrnipS to be eateQ off with heen V tbe field sown down in permanent pas- tM ure mixture formed of three cwts of superphosphate, Off wUhrTA m^i 'rhlrDlos^hS^ CWt9 °f 8VphoSphPate, Peruviaa gjno per ^re ahould suitf Uaa°' aQ^ °Q0 CWt'°f WORMS IN A. MARE.-My gig mare iCh is about lix years old hat n^v« thri^enwflufnce Ih eame 'i■ nto my possession about two years aco <4h never takes on flesh, Ver take8 on flesh' not even in summer wTen X is on }?^he Sras8- She eats greedily everythinfg put he fTorfl her t r^10 driakin? ia never latisfid, She oten U scors very Ung- h"ing a Yery offensive smell; passes worms from ?!.lilff an inch to an inch in length. I witer thewat l„n J„ 8*a"ng. I would feel much obliged if you could advise ?fLa3 t° her case. [To remove the woms, gle two nun™. of the spirit of turpen- *pi" 0f turpen- tine in a half pint of hnseed oil. Beforn 1'108 u medicine allow the mare bran mashes; the turfnh pnfe aud oil should be given in the morning: if not ;n th morning keep food from the are for four or fhe hours nr <iUS administering he medicine. Next day a small do™ » aloes should be given in the form of a ball It mav ho es shou^ be given In tbe (or' of a al. It œay. be "7 to repeat the dose of turpentine and oil. If so I sCmlt i hk" given at an iater- *al of eight or ten days To?u. be afterwards given but the best treatment isto kee„ ^n *er advano° th condiion of the me by attention to ro™ia*'f,«Mng. and exercise. In addition to allowance 8ay lhree feeds of 4 lbs each, give 4 lbs of the best H1pb^ H cakes. A bran mash may also be given everv ten d«u. ir. which a handful o salt is dissolved. A few turning or l° T h a handful also be giren daily. If the eondition of tha Do good> 8iTe •ulphate of iron in small doses.] CATTLE BE GIVEN K.? ?-I hue often been interested by your answers to correspondents. and trust that YOIl will I'.e me YOllr opinion upon the advantages or non-ad'.n- ..ntages of ateaœed food for cattle. Do you consider that e..nl, barley, and oa.meal, mixed with out hay and straw. J. Impr'ed and made more nutritious by being steaœed? I ue ninety beasts up by bein8 steamed ? mixture given dry (they have whjJt °lng We11 upon the *«»), but a neighbour teUa metha? ?1 ?8 i u7 ?aD eat 88 much improved by being steamed though h« hW°U be it, and not having had any experience ?<? »?fi»!L8)nn^e?er trlf? and unwilling to erect an apparatus without h«ir> sure hat I sheuld be ptid for extra outlay and trouble f wKf ance to the question put we wanot refer io exD-Hm^I" supporting the view that the meals of the cereals and legumes are rendered more suitable for feeding cattle from teing cooked. Reasoning, however (rom known facts as To the digestive organs of cattle, the meals when cooked should prove more nutritive than when eate uncooked. As vou are in a polition to undertake an experiment to test the rela- üve Taluel of oooked or uncooked meals, may we suggest to 10u the conducting of such an experiment. An equal, num- ber of cattle being kept on the same weight of meals the cattle selected for the experiment being of the same age, needing, and condition-one lot receiving meal oooked bv eteam o hot water, the other lot receiving toe meal raw. If the oattle *ell advanced in condition it would not, boiew^i Vu to change the feeding carried out at present, as changes almost invariably disturb the rate of progress making b' the fattening "i~.au As to lb. of turnips, the late Mr Andrew Howden Law- h«oH proved by carefu^ conducted experiments, that there VOMXT?NQ IN I C^ cooking turnips for Ceding cattle ] VOMITING IN A. Cow.-I hue aoow six veam aU' 'A. ad iUrnips' which for the past two weeks has vIX omit/Ui r #?°f- ohe ^8 had even more difficulty in ?win » the Itraw, and withiQ the'last twodays >he could BWallow neither straw nor turnips. Havine examined tho cow's neck, I oould find nothing wrong by sight or feelin Wt? th a growing in the gullet or lome foreign bod, lodgell in it I cannot tell The veterinary lurgeon to"-9om 1 applied, writes to me as followl :-From your perfect description of your oow's ailment, I ,bi» I could almoaT"aafely disagnose her disease SWirthoint 1 seeing iheKr-Saflthough I may here stateth«f the termination of the disease is invariably unfavourablo in 811ch casel. You do not Bay how long this vomiting has existed. The ailment, in my opinion, consists in dilatation of the œsophagus, or in other words, a 8mall baK 0f P°uch has formed in the wee.horn and in Vh fpord-onof it that is situated inside th Zt Th. cause invariably arises from the muscular coat of gullet huing got strained from a piece of tnrnip baving stuck for some time, and from that atrain the muscular fibres «rp nnaKio »„ "lQat bag or pouch forms, with lodement of food Ina solid and consequent vomiting. There arp other causes or rather diseases that sometimes ocour tn tL r3 rath. er part of the throat that produoe analagous symptoms, but being rather numerous, it Is not worth while to describe them here. If the diseale is what I have been describing JOu will at once see the treatment to be first adopted. That would, I should IIY, consiat in remoing all solid food and lupplying her witb "PPy ^let that won't stick in the Dassaea- bbv « f.I turDlR< brokea down witb the Eand ^p lh»m tbin and J BloPpbo«ed gruel, mixed ^itn water to d0r"Tnkk Keep the cow by herself, so tat she t.not get at any of the rest of the cow's turnips. Gie t\ of anJ f°fter for t"° or th'ee days, as cewed fodder II ap..o stick but try a few 8reea kail blades and lucb h., If iVha?„d?ea n°l do any good, the pro bang" or II bOltin&:ope" Wl11 haT8 to bs ed aB the Ust resource, My veterm.ian thuL8 wrltmg has seen the case, and passe the dm? aIlg, ibf ut the oow stllI> as befor, has diffi- eulty 10 8wallo•D k' ? vomits a litte. He gives me no bopa of oure bu 6 hning ber killed I am anxious, s 'e is a fa'our1t ei ti't0 ha'e your opinion. In the.mutl- htude of council tre 18 wisdorn.-[Your 'etermarlan appears !o hve takes 8a?;e aud practical ,iew of your case, which is we fear unlikely to impr0Te much- By the carefnl use of he probaJf» by cautious manipulation of the gullet it should howenr, bl) tlossible to ascertain more accurately than vet .I!"1' t6 Possible to ascertain ° been ^0Tie» the exact nature and position nf tho injury, to deoide whether »be mucous or muscular coat of that V k 18 chi!i?eifloy at fault or whether there is a 8tructu!e, a dilatation, a piece of refractory root partially obVtrnJ in^th^ '^latatlon' a Piece «ome funchonal derabgement. ?TThh» e important practical qutlOn as to whether i te is curable ia, however, more easIly. determll1ed. If the difficulty ln 8Wall°wing and Occasslonal vomiting still continue 8f,! te/ tbf 00w ha8 been reitricted for a week or ten days as ordered to soft slop^pye food, an unfnourable deoision must be given and tbe animal speedily consigned to the u6 giren- and BS you describe are frequently ? fhokln8 relieved by the rough and forcible use of fhL Pr°hang. The mucous Oembrance 10 suob ciroum*t»/i to get torn, or in apt t0 get torn- °r in "more aggravated caaea^om"J. 'J5f th° muecular fibre« — ruptured, gi,ing rise to tonderness, heat and fevpr mUC1.r,. D ?waUo7iDK ^at the animal ii Iaffrraaiid d to eat; Tbe repair either of the mucous membrance Ilow /r.rZ ? bm When a11 «eriously injured is so alow, and the recurrence of choking so common, that it is teldom h to MhTp a cure. HAND FEEDING OF HILL STOCK.-I occupy a farm with a bill stock of about 600 sheep, mixed stock. Would it be &(hisable to begin to teed them on oats? If you consider 10, plal8 lay what quantity, and how it migbt affect the atock In lucceding years in the event of it tfot being pro- fltable to OntlOue it T g8'° the hill is we^ aheltered in nery directin 1 a total absence of heather, -[Commence the sheen with a nry 8naa^ allowance of oats, and until te ere» £ >- Il"m u freely, re- strict the quantity tk r eat the oata freely, re- 8tnct the quan.tIty. The °nger sheeP are liable to eat a greater quantity than VhtV stomachs can digest, and as a onsequence death from dicite^10n or rupture of the stomach 11 n°t ,n unfreqent «.ni One lb. of oats for each sheep ,n 1 1 oats ^or each sheep ttay be the maximum allo» t °i !hiS qU#ntity ^r each^Mpl °°mnien0e wUh On0" T* PREvElON" AND TW^OTMENJ 0F COLtC.-I wish to ask your opinion on The « ° Colio in horses- 1 have been unfortunate enough t«T l°8e two Kood mares from ■toppage of the bowels, wiRm first case occurred last summer a 0 co IC palls. The to the Btackyard and th W-e had been carting tares 'e mare-a greed. d h d bably over-eaten herself Th .y .ee er- a pro- called in, f we h d.' »nxlh! Yetermary saur'geon W18 called 10, a ter we a tned some coll'c d k H b II d bled, dJin ? *«° two openlDl a s, an e, ut dId not he 8eoond d wben be gue more bals, and she died. til1 next day, oocurred the other dy, the mare had « °PJ>ed out rather longer than usual—till half-past two o'rin aDd b t hour after being in th stable showed s»mm °8 °f c\fe b as she was rather subjeet to enlic pains wB m, walked ber about, and not fini,g she got better I .a.fu bott1e of Day's gaseous fluid (the only medicine I hld a -bottle house), and in an hour's time another ootle, but find;1 relief, the veterinary surgeon was called in, and Kavd ^110 balU, and bled, as in the former case. He dl not briL hU olYltering tube with him. The next day nothing had passed through r' and 8be was clystered with warm water, and her h t n fomented; he also gave her two more balls, but all ihV t0 mo,e 'he bowels, and she died the nex day. On opening her the stoppage seemed to have occurred 1D te Dassaan of the /°0d into the 8maller gut (about H yard in Wtw V„, i'™ eot"m Now I hue been reading jourvaluablnrf! °n collo» and I *eo a dose of 4 to 6 drachms of nlnn. 8 recommended to open the bowels, with ammonia or snin't of l"rPentine in it. I find fault with <he treatmentoft.hft* *ternary surgeon in that he should bate given a stronwn Cning nn^ instead of balls, as the latter takes 10 munh ?nDger t0 dissol'ed in the stomach and to act than th« dflT'' ■ Vfurther blame him Mi not re.ort to \he cly.ten in tim" Is tbi. your opinion ? and in other cases of the kind, if the first dose of aloes and ammonia or spirits of turpentine, &a., does not give relief, what should be the next treatment ? and for clystering, is the common tubs sufficient, or would Read's patent syringe j be better? I am afraid you will think me rather tedious, for which I must apologise, but colic is such a frequent com- plaint amongst our farm horses, often ending fat?ty, that we should be glad of some good remedy. I expect our plan of working the horses from 6 o'clock till 2 o'clock is wrong. Would a nose bai; do for them to have the time the men have breakfast at 8 o'clock be useful ? ['rhere is little doubt that your system of working your horses for eight hours continuously without feeding renders them very liable to colic, and indeed to all other disorders of the bowels. By such an unnatural system—by such protracted fasts-the digestive organs are weakened, the horse, when he return. home, eats too greedily, or perhaps for a time is so exhaus- tsd that he cannot eat at all. The stomach and bowels suffer with the rest of the body from the exhaustion, and are ill-able to perform the task then allotted to them, of rapidly dissolving and preparing pabulum to repair the tear and wear of eight long hours of abstinence and work. If the horses cannot conveniently be stabled and fed for an hour at the end of four or five hours work, as is generally done in Scotland and the north of England, your using a nose- bag, as proposed, will be a great boon. It will, however, be more usefully employed about ten than at eight o'clock, which is too soon after their leaving the stable. Instead of the corn and nose bags, I have known a baked cake of bean or pease flour advantageously given to horses in the fields in the middle of a long yolking. When, in spite of good management and care, colic unfortunately does occur, I know of no more generally serviceable remedy than three to four drachms of aloes given in a pint of tepid water, with two ounces of diluted solution of ammonia, turpentine, gin, I or any other prompt and convenient stimulant. What- ever medicine is given should invariably be in the fluid condition. Except in rare cases, and where there is great febrile excitement, bleeding is not requisite, and indeed is often injurious. Clysters are always most useful, and may be given every hour, until the bowels are relaxed, with Read's patent syringe with the common copper or tin barrel syringe, or with a piece of half inch lead piping about two or twelve inches long, on the end of which an ox blad- der is tied. No farm premises ought to be without some handy apparatus for giving clysters. When colic pains continue after clystering and medicines have been given, hand rubbing should be diligently applied to the belly, and no time lost in procuring boiling water for fomenting. When after twelve hours the bowels still continue inactive, a second dose of physic may be given, which may oonsist of three drachms of aloes and one of calomel administered in a pint of gruel. As has been already advised in these columns, ten or twelve minims of Fleming's tincture of aconite may be given for three or four consecutive hours, if the pains continue severe and the patient restless and un- relieved by the more simple remedies.

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