The Welshman

— WORDS UPON THE WATERS. Far away fond hearts are beating, Out upon the stormy sea; Let as hear if no kind greeting In the noisy waves may be. Each in hurrying after each, (For the sea is loud and high) Will bear it to the pebbly beach, And cast it at onr fact and die. Hark! a low farewell of sorrow, And foreboding of despair, fearful of the hard to-morrow, Loaded with its freight of rare Tender words of hope and comfort, For the loved and the forlorn, Left alone to toil and suffer, On the rushing waves are borne. Tender thoughts of home far distant, Seen through mists of childish teRTS, Mixed with brightest dreams of glorv And the hope. of childish years Honours aud renown, and victory, Ere the strife is yet begun, And the coi;qWcd to be pardoned, Ere the day is fought or won. Vows and words of trust and promise, Murmured tenderly and low, Given to the midnight breezes, Where the northern waters flow; Hope, regret, and joy, and sorrow, Mingle in the water's roar, As the crested waves are rushing Onward to the pebbly shore. Hush amid the din of Waters Let us hold our breath, and hear, If the thunder of the cannon Be not borne towards us here If the deadly sound of battle Come across the waters free, And the English err of Victory" Be not echoed by the sea —TTo».$ehold Words.

ADVANTAGE OF OPPOSITION. I A certain amount of opposition is a great help to a man, Kites rise against, and not with the wind. Even a head- wind is better than none. No man ever worked his passage anywhere in a dead calm. Let no man wax pale, therefore, because of opposition. Opposition is what he wants, and must have, to be good for anything. Hardship is the native soil of manhood and self-reliance. He that cannot abide the storm without flinching and quailing, strips hiriself in the sunshine, and lies down by the waysioe to be ovei-looked and forgotten. He who but biac^a himself to the wind to struggle when the winds blow, gives up when they have done, and falls asleep in the stillness that follows.—John Neal. PROPOSED CHANGES IN INLAND CONVEYANCE. I It is a somewhat curious coincidence that, at the very juncture when companies are making a merit of usidg iron sleepers, as well as of adding to the strength of their rails, a project should be admitted for public consideration by which iron is to be banished from railway construction. According to Mr, Draft's prospectus of his infant invention, not only are sleepers to continue to be made of wood, but wheels, axles, springs and all their complexities and combinations, are to be abolished, and carriages made to glide by a glass groove upon a tri-edged wooden rail. This, however, is a mere adjunct to the invention itself, the chief innovation of which consists in making the engine-wheels of brass, and strongly coating them with vulcanised India-rubber, the ten- acity of which is strikingly exemplified on the model, on which they remain stationary at any gradient, even one in eight.-Railway Times. WHAT A SHELL CAN DO. I Round shot were perpetually whizzing through the air day and night, falling in all directions amongst and through the devoted houses of the city. By night, the shells assumed a magnificent appearance, resembling so many shooting- stars, though, alas! far more formidable. One day, a num- ber of us were viewing the scene of destruction from a battery erected on the summit of a high hill. Whilst we anxiously observed the amount of damage committed by the shells, there arose suddenly from the centre of the fort what at first appeared to us a huge mound of earth, which gradually in- creased in size until it resembled a hill some 600 feet in height; then it almost imperceptibly changed, and assumed the appearance of an excessively dark thunder-cloud, which eventually spread far and wide, concealing both fort and town from our wonder-struck eaze a few minutes elapsed and it entirely pnveloned the high position we were occupy- ing, although 900 yards from the explosion. This terrific catastrophe originated in one of our shells fortunately burst- ing in a powder-magazine, containing several tons of com- bustible ammunition. The sublime spectacle that ensued will never be effaced from my memory, nor, I imagine, from that of any who witnessed the sight. For several minutes, the atmosphere continued very close, not even a breath of wind stirring, but a deathlike stillness prevailed, precisely similar to that which piecedes a Scinde dust-storm. All the guns ceased firing-all eyes were directed upwards, gazing with awe at the scene thus suddenly presented them. Men even addressed each other in a whisper.—James's Volunteer's Scramble. HALLUCINATIONS OF GREAT MEN. Spinello, who had painted the Fall of the Angels, thought that he was haunted by the frightful devils which he had depicted. He was rendered so miserable by this hallucina- tion, that he destroyed himself. One of our own artists, who was much engaged in painting caricatures, became haunted by the distorted faces hedrew; and the deep melancholy and terror which accompanied these apparitions, caused him to committ suicide. Muller, who executed the copper plate of the Sixtine Madonna, had more lovely visions' Towards the close of his life, the Virgin appeared to him, and thanking him for the affection he had shewn towards her, invited him to follow her to heaven. To achieve thia, the artist starved himself to death. Beethoven, who became completely deaf in the decline of life, often heard his sublime compositions performed diatlmstly. It is related of Ben Jebnson. that be spent the whole of one night in regarding his great toe, around which he saw Tatars, Turks, Romans and Catholics climbing up, and struggling and fighting. Goethe, when out riding one day, was surprised to see an exact image of himself on horsebaek, dressed in a light coloured coat, riding towards him. -Radelifes Fiends, Ghosts, and Spirits. AN EVENING PARTY AT HOBARTON. I At one evening party we were at, after a picnic, we noticed I a rather tall, gentlemanlike-man leaning against the mantel- piece of one of the rooms alone, and not joining in any of the amusements, but in an evening dress, quietly looking on and apparently in thought. A number of the officers of the 99th, and of the Fantome were present, and we could not find out who he was, till, to our astonishment, just as we were going away, we found out that it was Pate, the man who was coward and villain enough to strike the Queen. This man was an officer in the regiment, and was transported for his crime, and came to be assigned as a prisoner-servant to the host of the evening, who, I believe, knew something of his family at home, and received annuities from them for him; so his situation as a servant was but nominal. The host of the evening would not tell us who he was, knowing that we, as officers of Her Majesty, would not remain in the room with such a man. Mr. -regretted he had not given him a hint to vanish, but that was too late, and we called no more orr the gentleman who gave the party.— Malone's Three Years' Cruise in the Australian Colonies. A RAILWAY CONVICT.' The few convicts who had escaped were given up as dead from starvation, or supposed to be killed by the natives but, extraordinary to tell, one William Buckley survived, and in 1835, 32 years afterwards, was found by the new- comers. This man's life is so wonderful a one, that-excuses will readily be granted for a short allusion to it: he is alive now (1852), and having been born in 1780, is 72 years old. A narrative of his life has been written by a Mr. Morgan, an old Marine officer, at Hobarton, but it was difficult to get him to explain everything, as he could neither read nor write, nor could he speak correctly when found. I have often seen him; he is of great height, 6 feet 5 inches, per- fectly upright, and a most extraordinary looking man. For some mHitary offence while in the 4th Foot, in which regi- ment he was wounded In Holland, he was transported in the Cqlcutta, and after being three months at the settlement, escaped with three others, with the idea of walking to Svdney; one was shot, one killed by the natives, the other left, and gave himself up to the camp at Port Phillip, after several days wandering in the bush, and Buckley still per- severed to get his freedom. For a time he wandered about the bush, living on shellfish, a few hwbs, and a scanty supply water, seeing occasionally, and hiding from the natives, till he was discovered by two of their women, who brought him to their tribe, and by them he would have been despatched, but for the following Cllcumstance :-One night he had found a spear stuck in a mound of earth, and he afterwards used it as a walking-stick. This stick had belonged to a man named Murrangurk, and the natives believed that, when they died, they revisited the world as whites, and accordingly Buekley was taken to be this Murrangurk, from their seeing him with the spear they had put into the atter II. grave; he married a native woman was jilted by his dark wife, and continued living a savage life in the bush, mixed up tn all the natives' corroborees and fights till 1835. In that year the sheep owners of Van Diemen's Land wanting more land for their sheep, and some whalers and escaped convicts having given an agreeable description of the land north Df Bass's Straits, a- few Tasmanian settlers, a Mr. Batman, Messrs. Gellibrand and Hesse, went across; and while endeavouring to gain the goodwill of the natives, were astonished to find this white-looking savage of 6 feet 5 inches, covered with hair, and unable to speak a word of his native language; they saw his initials on his arm, and took am-vt-hm, and at ktt got him to speak a little; and he was afterwards of the greatest assistance tt) the new colonists, who procured his free pardon, and he went to Hobarton, and is now a most respectable married citizen, with a pension from the Government for his services in the new colony of twelve pounds a-year !—Ibid. A GROUP OF PATIBNT8. I Here, the paralytic octogenarian; here, the widow in mourning, with her rickety child; here, the wounded officer from India here, the withered nabob, who had lost his liver, and was come hither on speculation to ask Sir Hygey if he had seen it by chanoe come that way; here the old lady from the country, afflicted with nothing save a plethora of money, and anxious to ask the doctor if it were likely that anything would ever be the matter with her; there, the anxious father, with his consumptive daughter-the gentle- man of small means, who had been painfully hoarding up his guineas that his child might have the benefit of the I great London medical man's advice; there the young ex- quisite, who had been living too fast; the old exquisite anxious to die as slowly as possible; the over taxed student, who had gained his double first and lost his health; the popular actor, beginning to be nervous about his voice, and feeling a warning stiffness and weakness in his limbs. Here they all were, mournfully sitent-wrapped up in their own ailments, or at best speaking in stealthy whispers Every now and then you heard a silver bell tinkle, and saw the grave raven-hued servant flit in and out; and then the crimson door open noiselessly; and when your turn came (if you had been a duke you could not have gone out of it), you were ushered into the presence of Sir Hygey Febrifuge. Dickens's Household Words.

The best throw of the dice is to throw them awayr < It is reported that William IV., when heir presumptive, once said to a Secretary of the Admiralty, who was at the same dinner table -1 C-, when I am King, you shall not be Admiralty Secretary Eh! what do you say to that ?" All that I have to say to that, in such a case, is (said C-) God save the King!" Wisdom cannot be obtained without industry and labour; how can we expect to find gold upon the earth's surface, whence we dig almost to the centre of it to find the baser metal ? HUMAN NATURE AT THE DINNER TABLE.—The dinner table is a good place to study character and good breeding] You can tell the man that has been elevated from daily toi to opulence by his arrogance, ostentation, and the authori- tative manner in which he orders his servants; while the man that was "born to it," and has been reared in wealth and luxuriance, is content to take things as they come. DUBLIN.-On Monday Mr. Young Carden was sentenced by the Court at Clonmel to two years' imprisonment with bard labour, for the attempt to carry off Miss Eleanor Arbuthnot by force and violence. Mrs. Stowe records the following pun upon the river, which forms the port of Liverpool. "This Mersey river would be a very beautiful one, if it were not so dingy and muddy. As we were sailing up in the tender towards Liver- T .f..nl. /.WnCTistanre feelinalv. 'What does

ANOTHER STÁNGE STORY.—COMMUNING WITH THE IN- VISIBLE WORLD. Another story of spirits, yet more curious than any which have gone before, has been going its rounds in every society in Paris. All classes, rich and poor, are equally eager in their pursuit after the truth of the principal elements of the tale. In spile of ivs previous determination not to trouble your readers with any more of these stories, I find this one so well autheritteated that it would be neglecring jny duty were I to withhold it The Doctor, who possesses the great- est reputation in Paris for the cure of nervou3 complaints, gives the warrant of his name for the perfect reliance which mav be placed upon the truth of the story, and hesitates not to affirm it by recounting with the greatest unction all the details relating to the affair. It is but fair, however, to state that already each one has added his own imaginative powers to those (already remarkable) of the learned Doctor, and thus the tale as it spreads amongst us has gone on increas- ing in marvellous qualities, until it has arrived to the utmost point of perfection, usually acquired by this sort of thing amongst us. The anecdote as told by the Doctor himself, runs simply thus :-He was seated in his "Cabinet de Consultations," quite alone, one morning of las^ week- and was just finishing his usual weekly report to the Revue Medicale, for which purpose he had told his servants to ex- clude all further visitors, when he was aroused from the deep study into which he had been plunged by the necessity of reporting a most important and complicated case of hysteria he had been attending, by an unusual rapping at the door of the Cabinet, accompanied by the loud remonstrances of the servant cautioning the master not to open. This request alone, however, was quite enough with a lively imagination like that of our friend to cause him to fly to the door and open it immediately. lie found standing there a young girl of fifteen, dressed in deep mourning, whom his servant pronounced to be perfectly insane, but whom he instantly perceived was merely labouring under a strong nervous excitement, merely occasioned by the opposition made to her ent- ance by the booby servant. The Doctor, who is a man of feeling and gallantry, endeavoured to calm her agitation and soothe her nerves by exhibiting the little globules he has ever ready at hand for the like occasions-and presently the little damsel was sufficiently restored to be able to confide to the comforting Doctor the reasons which had rendered her so persisting in her determination to see him that very day, in spite of the violent rudeness of his domestic. She was subject to spasmodic attacks—she had fever and deli- rium, and had not slept for many nights—she had been sent by a mutual friend to Doctor C—-—. And who is that friend ?" exclaimed the doctor, more and more surprised at the vehemence of her manner. His name is Balzac," replied the girl. "But the recommendation must have been made a Jong while ago; why not have consulted me before ?" Oh, no," exclaimed the girl, I saw him a week ago, and he bade me then come to you. I saw him again last night, and he was very angry tbat I had not obeyed his commands, and would not leave me titil had promised faithfully to see you to, day." The Doctor declares that he was Stupified with astonishment at what he heard, and began to think that the booby lacquey was in the right, and the girl really in- sane. Before forming a judgment, however, he proceeded to question her, and found to his utter amazement that she was periectly convinced of, the reality of the nocturnal visits which Balzac made her from the other world. He grew deeply interested in the story of her feelings, and of the manner in which she had first been visited by spirits, as well as the communications she held with Balzac most habitually, of all. He accompanied her home. The garret mansardé in which she lived—the tokens of the occupation by which she gained her bread (that of print colourist) were all the identical taste of the defunct novelist, and, indeed, as the Doctor observes, seemed as if taken from one of his own novels. The Doctor, in gazing around, beheld upon the table a manuscript in the well-remembered hand-writing of his deceased friend. He took it up with emotion—at the same time fully convinced that by this very token he had discovered the origin of the disease by which his patient was attacked-he thought that leading a solitary life, she had been wont to indulge for some time in a morbid passion for the writings of Balzac, and had thus suffered her mind to become entirely engrossed with his image. He turned over the manuscript with curiosity, wondering all the while how it had come into her possession—when, to his astonishment, he found it unfinished, and the latter pages evidently freshly written. With a kind of uneasy perplexity he enquired which of the novels of Balzac this manuscript represented. The girl replied that she did not know, that the title was not given yet-that there remained yet four chapters to complete, whch would be written in a short time, and then Balzac himself would bestow the title which would best suit the work. Of course the Doctor grew more astonished still, and again when he was told that the work was indeed written by her hand, but her hand moved by the spirit of the great romance writer, and that she had no more control over what she was writing than if she had been a mere spectatoi of its progress The Doctor sat down to peruse the manuscript, and rose fully satisfied of the truth of the girl's story. No other mind, he declares, could produce a work of the kind. C'est du Balsac etpas alttre chose, he exclaims as he hugs the manuscript to his bosom. He has taken the girl into his house, and is determined to publish this new work d'outretombe at his own expense as soon as ever it is completed! I know not what effect such a story as this would have in the scientific circles of London: 7 can only say that in Paris the sensation has been immense. We know that our dear Doctor has quick feelings and a strong imagination: we know that he inherits these qualities, as well as his splendid person, from his mother we know he has made us run for many years after every kind of feu Joikt by which he himself has been led astray; and yet here we are once more believing and hoping and inquiring with as much zest as if we were not assured by experience that we are destined to be disappointed, and the bold promises he dispenses so freely, doomed to end in excuses for his own credulity. The most curious part of the story is certainly the exact handwriting of the deceased author, which in the manuscript is unmistakeable, even by comparison with those in the possession of various friends not to be detected in the smallest deviation. Notts verrons!—Atlas.

CHEAP LivrNG. -Tom Moore says in his diary, "In talking of cheap living, Zekyll mentioned a m £ n who told him his eating cost him almost nothing; for on Sunday, said he, I always dine with an old friend, when I eat enough to last me until Wednesday, when 1 buy some tripe, which makes me so sick that I cannot eat again until Sunday." AN UNFORTUNATE NAME.—Returning late one night to camp, General Valavoir was challenged by the sentinel, "Qui va la?" "Valavoir," replied the officer, and the man, thinking he was told to go and find out shot him dead on the spot. Five of the sweetest words in the English language begin with H—Heart, Hope, Home, Happiness, and Heaven. AMERICAN TEACHERS.—The following is a true copy of a sign upon an academy for teaching in one of the Western States Fieeman and Huggs, School Teachers. Freeman teaches the boys and Huggs the girls." The Ohio State Journal tells a story of an Irishman of the better class, who thought he must conform to the fashionable mania in paying a visit to the Falls of Niagara. Gentleman" Paddy arrived at the falls, and taking a look at the surrounding wonders, addressed himself to another gentleman. "And what's there to make such a bother about?" "Why," said the gentleman, "do you see the mighty river, the deep abyss, the great sheet of water pouring down ?" Pat, looking at the water, replies hesita- tingly, And, sure, what's to hinder it ?" MATERNAL FORETHOUGHT.—At the assizes recently held at Warwick, the following conversation between a female witness, who was as ladies wish to be," and an eminent counsel, who has a singular habit of contorting the muscles of the face, occasioned a roar of laughter through the court. The witness held her head down, and appeared much frightened and embarassed, when, after the learned counsel had several times asked why she-did not hold up her head, she at length confessed her interesting situation, 11 Why," said he, what have I to do with that ? why don't you look me in the face ?" I am afraid my child should be like you," said the witness. A COUPLET WELL TURNED.—At the usual dinner at the Inverness market, Mr. Sinclair observed One of our po- litical poets had said, in verses which had often been quoted, Let laws and learning, arts and commerce die; But spare, oh! spare, our old nobility. A better version would perhaps be- Jjet laws and learning, arts and commerce thrive: Our nobles too but let them look alive! An American editor thus announces an increase of his olive branches:— Sound the stage-horn-blow the trumpet, That the waiting world may know; Publish it through all our borders, Even into Mexico. Seize your pen, oh, dreaming poet. And in numbers smooth as may be, Spread afar the joyous tidings, 7. Betsy's got another baby!

A NEW "DIFFICULTY" FOB RusslA.- A formidable fishery difficulty has just broken out in a new quarter- namely, in the North Pacific, and between tlfe United States and Russia. It appears that, a few months ago, the Rus- sian General Sawoska, claiming a far greater extent of fishery rights than the United States has ever been willing to admit, and against which the United States had protested, gave notice that all vessels, not Russian, fishing within said limits would be captured, and only released on paying a fine of 3,000 dollars. An American vessel had been seized ac- cordingly, and taken into the Russian port of Sitka. THE LAWSON OBSERVATORY.—The House of Commons having refused the grant proposed by the Government towards founding and endowing this institution, the sub- scribers ate anxiously waitiag for some movement by the committee in this crisis of its affairs. It was known before hand that opposition would be made to the grant, and some effort ought to have been made to carry it safely through the house. Wo-are afraid this was not done, as by the parlia- mentary report it does not appear that any member had a word to My ie its favour. A contemptible effort has been made to throw blame upon the Government for the failure of the proposition, but the blame rests with the committee rather than the Treaaury.-Nottingham Journal. j A HUGE PRIZE.—In 1799, the four British frigates, Naiad » Ethalion, Alcmene, and Triton, captured the two Spanish frigates Thetis and Santa Brigida, bound for Vera Cruz for I Spain, with specie, &c. The treasure in the Thetis was worth £ 311,690; and the other prize contained as much or. more specie, besides a valuable cargo of cochineal, &c. Th e prizes were safly carned to Plymouth, and the treasure was forwarded with much pomp to London, and deposited in the Bank of England. The prize money, exclusively of the value of the hulls and stores of the frigates, was distributed among the oiffcers and crews of the British frigates in the following rates: Captains, £ 40,730 18s. each lieutenants, JE5091 7s. 3d.; warrant officers, ;E2,468 10s. 94d.; midship- men, &c., £ 79! 17s. id.; seamen and marines, £1824.. 9!d PURSUIT OF THE FINE ARTS UNDER DIFFICULTIES. The prisoners are allowed to be seen by no one, but some of the cells are exhibited. One of these I particularly noticed the walls of which were really beautifully painted by a man who had been in prison for five years before he came here. He stayed and decorated his cell here for another five years and when discharged, he commenced stealing again, and in less than two months was condemned to two years in another prison. He decorated the walls of that cell in a most elabo- rate manner, and is now in Baltimore gaol for another theft, and has begun his old pursuit, which, as he has come ten years to stay, will result in some grand masterpiece in the fresco style. This odd talented creature is a German, and extracts his colours from the yarns given out to him for weaving.- Transatlantic Rambles. SUICIDE OF DR. GRAHAAfSLEY.-WORCESTER, Monday. —The most profound sensations of surprise and regret per- vaded this city this morning from intelligence received at an early hour that Dr. Grahamsley, the medical (in fact, the) superintendent of the Worcester City and County Lunactic Asylum at Powick, had committed suicide by taking prussic acide. Dr. Grahamsley was in Worcester on Saturday last, in his usual health and spirits, and up to the time of writing, no cause is assigned for the melancholy deed. The doctor is a Scotchman by birth, and was appointed to the asylum at its completion about two or three years ago. He was greatly respected in this city. SUDDEN CHANGE OF THE ATMOSPHERE.—Our variable climate causes the inhabitants of England to be more afflic- ted with coughs, colds, asthma, and consumption, than those of any other country in the world.. Those whose lungs are in the least weak or delicate should read the following ex- tract of a Letter addressed by Dr. Kernot, to the Pro- prietor of Woolley's Pectoral Candy, dated 18th, Sept. 1862. "I feel a pleasure in recommending Woolley's Pectoral Candy, in pulmonary complaints, influenza, coughs, colds, I asthma, and affections of the chest. G. C. KERNOT, M.D. I

HOUSE OF LORDS, FRIDAY, AUG. 4. Lord St. Leonard's called the attention of the House to the present system of granting tickets of leave to convicts. This was one of the most important social questions of the day. On a former occasion he had moved for certain returns con- nected with this subject, from winch it appeared that 1,200 convicts had been liberated in England during the past year, but it was utterly impossible to ascertain the principle or system on which these liberations had taken place, the fact being, as it appeared to him, that there was no system ?t all laid down by which they were to be regulated. Unie? some better plan were devised he should move for a select com- mittee, next session to consider the matter. The Duke of Newcastle defended the course pursued by the Government, which, instead of turning convicts out into the world by a species of gaol delivery, as described by Lord St. Leonard's, used every means in its power to place liber- ated criminals in a way of becoming useful members of society. Lord Campbell did not deny that great exertion had been made to carry out the iutentions of the Government in this matter, but despaired that the experiment would ever prove successful. After some further discussion the matter dropped. The Commons' amendments in the Oxford University Bill were considered, when such of their Lordships' amendments as had not been adopted by the Lower House were not per- sisted in. The bribery Bill passed through committee. Several other bills were forwarded a stage, after which their Lordships adiourned. MONDAY, AUG. 7. I The Royal Assent was given by commission to the Car- marthen and Cardigan Railway, and Cardigan Harbour Bill. Lords Brougham, Campbell, and the Lord Chancellor joined in deploring the ultimely fate of the Bills of Ex- change Bill, which, having prosperously made the passage through their Lordships' House, had been lost in the Commons on that dangerous point at this season, the second reading. The bill was an admirable bill. It was not at all, as had been alleged, a job, and it was sanguinely hoped that there was a better time coming for it, next ses- sion. Lord Stradbroke then hoped that an uniform system of weights and measures might be introduced, but received small encouragement from Lord Aberdeen, who thought that the subject required more mature consideration. Lord Montejgle, however, deuied the difficulty of ad- justing our weights and measures, and asked for a decimal coinage as well. The Lord Chancellor then abandoned one more Law Re- form Bill, and, on the motion of the Duke of Newcastle, the Bribery Bill was read a third time. On the motion that it should pass, the Marquis of Clanricarderevived the objections so often urged to the clause which permits the payment of the travelling expense of voters by the candidate. He moved an amendment on this clause, rendering it illegal to pay such expenses. To this Lord Redesdale objected, as well on the ground that their Lordships should not introduce such amendments in a bill deliberately adopted by the other House as that the clause was necessary to prevent a preponderant influence accruing to the inhabitants of towns. The Duke of New- castle took a middle course. He admitted the force of Lord Clanricarde 's arguments, but doubted the effect of his amendment, and proposed that, instead of reversing the decision of the Commons, the clause should be altogether struck out. To this Lord Campbell and other Lords with some hesitation assented, and, though Lord Clanricarde per- sisted in his amendment, it was. defeated, the clause was struck out, and the bill passed. Many other bills were forwarded a stage without discus- sion, aud their Lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF. COMMONS, FRIDAY, AUG. 4. Mr. F. Peel moved the second reading of the Legislative Council (Canada) Bill (which had passed the House of Lords) stating that its object was to enable the Legislature of Canada to alter the constitution of one of its branches- namely, the Legislative Council, and for that purpose to re- peal or alter those sections of the Imperial Act of 1840 for the union of the two Canadas relating to the manner in which the Legislative Council should be constituted. An address had been leceived from the Legislative Assembly of Canada, recommending this alteration, and the principle of the measure was one which on several occasions during the last few years had been recognized in relation to the govern- ment of colonies inferior in importance to Canada. Its value arose from the application of the principle to such a colony whose example would be felt in the adjoining provinces of British North America, and probably in the Australian col- lonies. The bill, which expressed the public opinion of the people of Canada, was approved by Lord Elgin, than whom no person could be better qualified to advise the Government in the matter. Mr. Peel gave a brief sketch of the chief provisions of the bill, which empowered the Canadian Legis- lature to make the Council consist of appointed or elected members to provide for the separate dissolution by the Governor of the Council and the Assembly, and to vary the property qualification of members of the Assembly; and it repealed the clause in the Union Act of 1840 which author ised Parliament to nullify any bill affecting ecclesiastical or Crown rights. He discussed the objections which he antici- pated with reference either to the intrinsic merits of the measure or to the existing political circumstances of the colony, which he thought furnished no reason against pas- sing this permissive bill, which he was persuaded would give increased steadiness to the legislation of the colony and sta- bility to its institutions, rendering the Council a really con- servative body, which would act as a check and balance to the Assembly, and remove the only remaining possible cause of any future disturbance of the close relations now happily subsisting between the colony and the mother country. Sir J. Pakington, who had given notice of a motion to de- fer the second reading for three months, said his objections to the bill rested upon two grounds-first, because, in his opinion, it sanctioned, on the part of the Imperial Legisla- ture, institutions of an extremely democratical character in Canada; and, secondly, on account of the late date at which the Government had brought under the consideration of Parliament a measure of such importance, authorizing most material changes in the legislature of the colony deeply af- fecting the form of the constitution under which thousands of our fellow-subjects were-to be gnvemed-a proceeding which he'thought notdeeoroaa towards the House, or respectful to the Canadian people. Sir John entered upon a criticism of the course taken by the Duke of Newcastle with reference to this question, whose conduct, he said, was not what it ought to have been, complaining of mistakes committed by his Grace with reference to himself; and he then examined in detail the policy of the changes proposed to be sanctioned by the bill, pointing out as he proceeded what he regarded as new and objectionable features, contending that the Council would be subservient to the will of the Lower Chamber, and thereby disabled from acting as an effectual check between the Executive Government and the legislative body. The bill, in his opinion, sanctioned institutions wMch he could not understand how any man attached to monarchy could support—which were based upon a policy that confounded democracy with liberty. All the colonists desired was the power to manage their own concerns, and they would reject this unwelcome boon. He should not divide the House. Mr. Adderley replied to Sir J. Pakington, observing that the broad question was, whether this country could insist upon maintaining any particular form of constitution of the colonial Legislation. If we required that the principle of nomination in the Upper Chamber should be adhered to, the consequence would be that that principle would become dis- tasteful to the coiony; public feeling would be enlisted against it; Parliament and the British constitution itself would be involved in the odium attaching to the principle, and the opposite principle of election would acquire an exag- geratedpopularity. Mr. Hume highly approved the measure, than which none, in his opinion, could be more likely to lead to a happy result, rendering Canada strong in itself and useful to this country. Sir G. Grey, after explaining the reason why the bill came before the house at so late a period of the session, observed that the real question was, whether, after the progress made by Canada in wealth, population, and self-government, there was any reason why we should withhold from that colony, the privilege of amending its own constitution. The alarm of Sir J. Pakington was founded on the belief that the election principle was democratical but it was groundless, and if it was found that the nomination principle had generally failed, he thought the time had come when another principle might be tried which would give to Canada the same privilege which had been conferred upon the Australian colonies. So far from its tending to separate Canada from the British Crown (an event which he should deplore), he thought it would in- crease the confidence which the colonists would repose in their representatives, and cement their attachment to the Crown. He concurred entirely in the principle of the bill, which he thought would not be productive of the results apprehended by Sir J. Pakington. Mr. V. Smith expressed his entire concurrence in the mea- sure, and replied to objections offered to it. Lord J. Russell said that, having introduced the Union Act of 1840, he thought it incumbent upon him to say that he heartily approved this bill. He had thought it wise to impose restrictions at that time but, if the Canadians con- sidered that their affairs could be better conducted with an elected than with a nominated Council, he did not see why we should prevent them from having it. Whether or no they were wise in asking the privilege, or whether they would make a wise use of it, was another question but since 1840 Canada had made great progress, and he believed that the power to alter their Upper Chamber, as well as to deal with the clergy reserves, ought to be allowed to that great colony. Mr. Henley thought the opinion expressed by Lord John Russell, as to the Canadians making a wise request, or a wise use of the power, was rather ominous. The colonists, in his opinion, had great reason to complain of the pe- riod when the measure had been brought before the House. On the motion of Mr. Scott, the debate was adjourned until § o'elock. Several bills were reAd a third time and passed others were forwarded a stage, and the other orders for the morning sitting were disposed of. In the evening the debate on the second reading of the Legislative Council (Canada) Bill was resumed by Mr. Scott, who opposed the bill, urging, in the course .of his argument, that the Legislative Assembly of Canada, at whose recommendation it was avowedly prepared, had been recently dissolved by the Governor-General because it did not sufficiently represent the opinion of the people of Canada. Mr. Biggs supported the bill, because it gave to Canada an improved Government, which would confirm the loyalty of the colony and, considering the class of the emigrants thither and the proximity of the United States, he thought that it ought not, to be of a less democratical cha- racter. The bill was then read a second time. On the order for going into committee on the Usury Laws Repeal Bill, Mr. Clay moved to defer its committal for three months, objecting to deal with such a question in so hasty a manner, and appealing to various authorities with reference, not to the abstract question, but to the practical working of an entire abrogation of the usury laws under our present mone- tary system. He contended that the interest of money should not be made free until all restrictions upon that sys- tem were removed which created an artificial scarcity of money. Either money should be made free by the repeal of the act of 1844, and then the rate of interest might be freed, or, if money was restricted, the rate of interest should remain restricted. Mr. Hume, although he agreed with Mr. Cayley that the acts of 1844 and 1845 had been the source of unmixed evil, regarded the subsisting usury law as likewise a restrictive law, interfering with money, as a commodity, which should be allowed to find its level. The bill was supported by Mr. Wilkinson and Mr. Malins, who, from observation, believed that the alteration, instead of being an injury to the land, would confer a great benefit upon it. Mr. Spooner objected to the bill-first, because it had not been brought before the House entire, and, secondly, be- cause the alterations would affect bargains already made, and must injure persons bound by them. After a few remarks by Mr. Henley and Mr. J. M'Gregor, the amendment was negatived, and the House passed into committee on the bill, the clauses of which were agreed to. The Public Health Bill likewise went through committee, after a long debate upon its details. The report upon the Customs' Acts was brought up and agreed to. The House then went into committee on the Bills of Ex- change (No. 2) Bill; but, on the motion of Mr. Digby Sey- mour, that the chairman leave the chair (with the view of throwing out the bill), after a discussion of some length, Sir E. Perry, who had charge of the bill, consented to with- draw it. t.i t>nnrovor Qntrrrpstpd that the chairman The Bankruptcy Bill was next committed, and the clauses were agreed to with several amendments, after dis- cussion. The Mayo County Advances Bill likewise passed through committee. The Customs' Bill was read a second time. The Lords' amendments to several bills were considered and agreed to. The House adjourned at half-past 12 o'clock. SATURDAY, AUG. 5. I The House of Commons sat for a short time this day, and forwarded several hills. Leavo was given to brky i;i a bill for the consolidation of the Customs' Tariff Acts. MONDAY, August 7. The Consolidated Fund Bill, with the appropriation clause, passed through committee. On the order for going into committee on the Encumbered Estates (West Indies) Bill, Sir J. Pakington made a strong appeal to the Government on behalf of West India proprietors, with reference to the hurricane loans. He complained of the harsh and severe terms imposed upon them in their depressed condition, although the country had been more than repaid the out- standing balances of the loans by the fall in the price of sugar, which had ruined the holders of West India estates. He entreated the Government not to press for the full pay- ment of the loans; the amount, he thought, should be reduced in the same ratio as the estates had diminished in value. Mr. J. Wilson explained the general principles which the Government had laid down under the acts passed for the ex- tension of payment of these loans, and which had been acted upon, he said, in the most liberal spirit. Out of 59 estates, 41 had been brought to a settlement satisfactorily by composition, sale, or settlement. When a bond fide holder of an estate, who was indebted under a loan, with a desire to come to a settlement, made a proposition to the Exchequer Loan Commissioners, it was met in the most liberal spirit. Mr. Ellice characterized the proceedings of the Goveren- ment in this matter as petty, oppressive, and vexatious. The whole question as to the circumstances under which the loans were advanced and the present condition of the West India proprietors should, in his opinion, be referred to a committee to report a liberal manner in dealing with it. Sir G. Grey said the law had placed the responsibility of recovering these debts in the hands of the Exchequer Loan Commiss''oners, and all he, as the Secretary of State for the Colonies, could do was to collect from the West Indies all the information he could obtain as to the condition of the colonies, and refer it to the Treasury and the Commissioners. The course pursued was to consider each individual case upon its own merits, and the fairest consideration was given to every proposal. While there was no desire to press with undue severity upon parties, the Government were bound to look to the just claims of the country. After some observations from Mr. Hankey and Mr. V. Sculley, the House went into committee on the bill, the clauses of which were agreed to. The Legislative Council (Canada) Bill and the Customs Bill likewise passed through committee. The Public Health Bill and the Mayo County Advances Bill were read a third time and passed. The Customs' Tariff Acts Consolidation Bill was read a second time. The Russian Government Securities Bill was read a third time. Sir F. Kelly moved to omit the first (material) clause, and to substitute another, which included in the prohibition of subscriptions to a loan, and changed the terms of the re- mainder of the clause, and inserting a proviso that the act should not extend to any subscription or purchase in any country by any commercial house trading and having a place of business in any foreign country, and wherein a British subject and an alien were partners or jointly interested. The Solicitor-General opposed the motion, observing that this clause would reduce an offence now amounting to high treason to a misdemeanour, and otherwise dilute the en- actment contained in the bill, opening doors to an easy evasion of the law. Mr. Hume objected to the principle of the bill. Although the intention was good, it could not, he said, be carried out, and he recommended that the bill should be dropped. After a few remarks by Lord D. Stuart and Mr. Wilkin- son, Lord J. Russell defended the principle of the bill, and, for the reasons suggested by the Solicitor-General, did not think it advisable to adopt the amendment of Sir F. Kelly. The amendment was then negatived. Sir F. Kelly then moved a proviso, intended, he said, to prevent a great injustice to commercial men in this coun- try without in the smallest degree injuring the Emperor of Russia. This motion was also negatived, and, on the question that the bill do pass, the House divided, when the ayes were 51 and the noes 13. The bill then passed. The remaining business having been disposed of, the House adjourned at 20 minutes to 7 o'clock.

THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA—A PRISONER OF WAR. A man gets up in the morning on his own premises, but little knows where he may sleep at night." The Czar of all the Russias has lately been within an ace of offering in his own person a practical confirmation of this well-known saying. What would the British public have thought,— what would Europe have thought,—what would the ?ht,- Prussia in his own cups have thought,-what would Omar Pasha in his fez cap have thought,—what would the allied troops have thought,—and, finally, what would the Three per Cents, have thought, if, about this time, the Czar of All the Russias, the Archduke Constantine, and the Archduchess, and the Russian Admiral in command at Cronstadt, had been sent home by Sir Charles Napier in the small steamer which had captured them? Improbable as the tale may appear—impossible the catastrophe-it was fairly upon the cards within the last few weeks. The facts are tliese;-A short while back, while the allied fleets were lying before Cronstadt, an English yacht belonging to Lords Lichfield and Euston, with Lord Clarence Paget on board, ventured somewhat too near the guns of the place. Suddenly a puff of steam was seen on the Russian side, and a small Russian steamer put out to sea, with the evident intention of cutting off tbte English yacht. On board of that steamer were the Cza< Nicholas, his son the Archduke Constantine, the i Archduchess his wife, and the Russian Admiral, who all went forth to enjoy the satisfaction of an easy triumph over the poor little yacht. She is, in point of fact, stated to have been in the most imminent danger of capture. The Czar, however, was destined to be foiled in his anticipated little triumph, as he has already been foiled in his hopes of many a great one. An English war steamer, seeing the danger to which the yacht was exposed, advanced with all speed to her relief. Shortly she obtained such a position that the Eng- lish yacht was safe; and the only question that remained for discussion was one between the two small war-steamers—the one under English, the other under Russian colours. Could the English but have known the valuable freight which that little yacht contained-could the captain but have known that by capturing her, or sending her to the bottom, peace would have been restored to Europe, and probably a million of human lives, first and last, be saved, we have no doubt that he would have carried one or other of the alternatives into effect, even though his own destruction, that of his ship, and of every soul on board of her had been the inevit- able consequence. As it was, he saw nothing before him but a little trumpery steamer-he had carried his purpose of relieving the English yacht into effect-and remembered orders, which certainly had been issued, to the effect that no English ship, upon the mere heroic impulse of her com- mander, should be thurst into the lion's mouth. We have no douht that this was so, and that when the English cap- tain gave his orders for putting the head of his steamer round, he did so with the feeling that he had very satisfac- torily discharged the duty with which he had been intrusted. Little did he suppose, at the moment, that he had lost pro- bably the greatest opportunity for obtaining personal dis- tinction which had ever been thrown in the way of a single man. The English nation venerates the name of Lord Nelson for the sake of certain little affairs in which he was engaged off Cape St. Vincent, at the Nile, at Copenhagen, at Trafalgar, and elsewhere, but not all of these wonderful, important, and heroic achievements combined would have had such an important influence on the history of the world as the capture of that little Russian ship. It was given to the captain of a small steamer to change the face of Europe in ten minutes well employed, but in pure innocence he missed the chance. It is seldom, indeed, in modern warfare, still more rarely in naval warfare, that monarchs themselves run any danger of capture. Napoleon, to be sure, at Arcis-sur-Aube, was compelled to cross swords with a squad of Cossacks in the twilight, but he was after all a general, not a king, by trade. If we remember right, upon one occasion, poor old George III. was in danger of capture from a French privateer off Weymouth, and was only saved by some marine chance which has slipped from our recollection. In madieeval history there are, of course, the cases familiar to every schoolboy of King John of France at Poitiers, and of Francis I. after Pavia. But what comparison would there have been between the case of the Black Prince waiting on a madiaeval King, who went to battle in a coat of mail, and the grand surprise of the Russian Czar landing at Portsmouth—no, at Newhaven-while all Europe was in commotion upon his account ? We are, of course, speculating upon history of a very hypothetical character; but still the event did so nearly occur as to justify speculation upon its consequences. In our mind's eye we can see Lords Aberdeen and John Russell communicating the information to the Houses in their own dry and cautious manner. What would Messrs. Bright and Cobden have said ? What would Colonel Sibthorp have said ?—Times. -IT''VV

THE INSURRECTION IN SPAIN. I We have as yet no account by telegraph of Her Majesty's departure from Madrid—not the least difficult part of the operation, as there are 400 or 500 determined ruffians of the Lavapies, or the Calle de Toledo, on the look out for her antl her life- would not be worth an hour's purchase if she fell into their hands. This is not the only party whose anger that lady has to fear it seems it i. contemplated by those who are about to impeach the late Ministers and their worst accomplices, not only for- offences against the State, but for enormous malversation of the public funds, to in- elude the Queen-Mother in the latter charge. One of the accusations brought against her is, that she drew her large allowance as Queen Dowager during eight years of her mar- riage, which she concealed. This is not the first time that the subject has been mooted of compelling Maria Christina to disgorge a portion of her vast wealth. More than nine years ago a motion was made in the Chamber of Deputies of Madrid, by a member of the Liberal party, for an inquiry into the accounts of the Royal patrimony during the period of the Regency of Maria Christina. Curious stories were told, and proof promised, if the inquiry were sanctioned, of the unaccountable disappearance of an immense quantity of jewellery and gold and silver plate from the Royal Pa- lace. The inquiry was of course refused. If an investiga- tion now take place it must produce curious disclosures. We are informed that the well-known Salamanca has been arrest- ed, and is likely to put on his trial; and if Sartorius and his colleagues be caught, their micdeeds will also be brought to light. It appears that while the combat was going on between the people and the troops in the streets, not far from the Palace, nothing could be more odious than the selfishness and ingratitude of Queen Isabella towards the wretched men who, whatever may have been their crimes, at all events refused her no personal gratification. She held on to them until the moment of danger, and when that came she turned upon them as if their conduct had been always contrary to her wishes and commands. She informed them, m the midst of the uproar, that from her they could seek no pro- tection or sympathy, that she would not aid them against the people, that she knew so much of Constitutional Go- vernment as to be aware that she was not responsible to any one, and that as her Ministers had got into trouble and dan- ger, they must manage to get out of it as well as they could. Advices from Madrid of the 1st state that after the visit paid by Marshal Espartero to the barricades they were aban- doned and partially destroyed. As night drew on the "defenders of the barricades," to the number of 2,000, divided into three battalions, defiled under the windows of the Queen, uttering loud shouts in honour of Her Majesty, who beheld the spectacle from the balcony. In the morning this force repaired to Marshal Espartero's residence, and, having again defiled, dispersed, with no in- tention of meeting again. The Junta still continues to issue its decrees, although the Ministry is organized. General Dulce has been reinstated in his rank as Director- General of Cavalry. It is said that the Queen will shortly leave Madrid to take sea baths, accompanied by Espartero. According to letters of the 4th from the same city, the Junta will continue its Junctions until the Cortes meet. L\. ft A. f!hridin" had left the day be-

THE WAR. On the 1st of August the Russians retired from Bucharest, after having broken up the road between that city and Kalu- gereny. They arc marching to Moldavia. Prince Gortscha- kuif exolained this movement to the Boyards, on the 31st ult., as caused from strategic motives. Omer Pasha has sent a message to Bucharest, requiring lodging and provisions for 12,000 men inside the city, and rations for 20,000 outside the walls. Before leaving Bucharest Prince Gortschakoff assembled the Boyards, and thanked them for tho manner in which they had. treated the Russian, troops during their stay in Bucharest. The General added, that strategic reason induced him to quit the city, but that it was not improbable he might return at an early period. Kantacuneno has been appointed provisional governor. The Turks are at Kalugereni. Omar Pach, Marshal St. Arnaud, and Lord Raglan are expected at Bucharest. Bucharest is tranquil. JASSY, JULY 31.—Prince Gortschakoff has empowered Gene/ Osten-Sacken to dismiss all the Moldavian ministers and officials, and appoint others. ODESSA, JULY 31.-The combined fleets appeared yester- day off Sebastopol with a number of transports. This is authentic. BUCHAREST, AUG. 2.—The Russians hold a position on the Jolomnitza. The Turks remain on the right bank of the Argisch. Omar Pach awaits reinforcements before enter- ing Bucharest. The President of the Frankfort Diet will shortly order the mobilisation of the federal contingents. It is reported that Bavarian auxiliary troops will replace such Austrian troops as may be withdrawn from Italy. Advices from Constantinople of the 27th ult. announce that 14 vessels and transports, with 15,000 men, sailed from Baltshik on the 21st, steering for the Crimea. The Wladimir, Russian cruiser, near the Bosphorus, chased the Cyclops, which escaped. The cholera is at Varna. Advices from Jassy, of the 2nd, state that several Russian regiments are retiring behind the Pruth. Philo-Russo journals at Jassy confirm this fact. It is believed that Austria will simply notify to Russia her intentions, and then enter Moldavia. The Berlingske Journal publishes a telegraphic despatch from Swenska, announcing that on the 2d August l2 ships of war made sail for the Aland Islands, and on the 3d August, after a cannonade of seven hours, the French troops occupied Aland.

INVASION OF THE CRIMEA. I We are at length in a condition says the Times of Saturday to present to the public something more than speculations and surmises on the movements of the allied armies in the Eaet. ftbout the time we write, if not on this very day, amorce made up of English, French, and Turks, and amounting to between 80,000 and 100,000 men, will invade the Crimea, and attempt to effect a lodgment on the heights commanding the harbour of Sebastopol. The preparations have been some time in progress, and the rumoured visit of Generals Brown and Canrobert to the Circassian coast with 5,000 men was really to secure a landing on the Crimea. We believe we may safely say that, all things considered, the attempt is one of unprecedent magnitude and importance. There have been invasions on a larger scale, but they have been by land. There have been naval expeditions more remarkable for au- dacity, but they have not been to compare with the present in the number of mpn and the strength of the armament. It will not be supposed that we say this in any boastful or con- fident spirit, for, besides that the experience of the present war is itself sufficent to chastise excessive expectations, there is no lesson so plain on the face of all military annals as that the result of armaments is by no means in proportion to their strength. In this great affair it is sufficient that, having once embarked in the cause, we should make efforts and ventures in proportion to our means, our courage, and our sagacity. Whatever the success, it will be a satisfaction to know that we have not been behindhand, but have done what we could. The event we leave to a higher Power. It is, then, with the greatest satisfaction that we announce an en- terprise corresponding to the dignity and resources of the two great Western Powers, England and France, and so far justifying the confidence of Turkey, A fortnight will pro- bably elapse before any tidings of the result can arrive, but at an earlier date we shall learn from the East that all the disposal forces have embarked for the neighbourhood of Sebastopol. We have repeatedly expressed our opinion that the cap- ture of Sebastopol would effect more than any other achieve- ment towards accomplishing the object of the war. Such an exploit, indeed, would carry witkit nothing less than the destruction of Russian power in the East, and the emanci- pation of Turkey from that aggressive dominion which perpetually menaced her existence. When Sebastopol has been demolished and the fleets of the Czar destroyed or taken in its harbours, the Black Sea will cease at once to be a Russian lake, Constantinople will be relieved from danger, the mouths of the Danube will be secure, and all the appre- hensions entertained of Russian encroachment in the Medi- terranean-that is to say, in the direction most alarming to Europe-will vanish at once and altogether. It is scarcely too much to say that if Sebastopol had not existed, this war would never have occurred, and it follows as an immediate consequence that, if we can destroy it, the best possible security will have been obtained against a recurrence of the contest. But can Sebastopol be destroyed ? We can only say that, if it cannot, it must resemble no other fortress under the sun. It can be attacked at once by sea and land, by two powerful fleets and by an army of enormous strength. Every gun in the British and French arsenals, every machine of destruction that modern science has invented, can be brought to bear against its bastions, and though the scene of operations is certainly distant, the communication is perfectly uninterrupted, and the road is our own. The besieged, on the other hand, will be confined to the walls of their own strong-hold and to those necessarily limited re- sources which such confinement implies. Their supplies, however abundant, must eventually be exhausted, and their strength, however great, must fail in the end. We have been here assuming as a matter of course that the besiegers can effect a lodgment at some point or other of the Crimea; nor is the assumption, we think, at all unwarrantable. We hear, it is true, extraordinary reports of the Russian forces in these quarters, and it is certainly probable that a position of such .consequence woold-be strengthened in every prac- ticable way; but the extent-of the Crhnea is very consider- able, its coasts offer numerous favourable landing-places, and the assailants are absolute masters of the sea. The French and English fleets can throw an army of 80,000 ad- mirable soldiers on any point of the Crimea which may be selected for the operation, and nothing that we have yet ex- perienced of Russian power should induce us to believe that such a descent could be successfully resisted. Although several circumstances says th<s Morning Chronicle appear to favour the supposition that an attack upon Sebas- topol, by the allied fleets and armies, may be now in pro- gress, it cannot be said that there is as yet any positive ground for this opinion; and however much we may wish that our commanders may have felt themselves prepared for so important an undertaking, we must not too hastily con- clude, upon inadequate evidence, that they have actually commenced the enterprise. It will be observed that our intelligence on the subject reaches us from two quarters- Malta and Vienna. Our Malta Correspondent states that advices of the 27th ult. had arrived from Constantinople, to the effect that fourteen ships and transports, conveying 15,000 men, left Baltschik on the 21st, steering towards the Crimea, But it will be seen, on reference to our impression of last Friday, that we then published intelligence from Con- stantinople, by way of Vienna, dated the 24th, that fifteen ships, with allied troops on board, had sailed from Baltschik for Anapa, and as three days must be amply sufficient for news to pass from Baltschik to Constantinople, it seems probable that this movement is no other than that which we now hear of, from Malta, as having taken place on the 21st. It is to be observed, too, that the words steering towards the Crimea" are quite consistent with the idea of Anapa being the real point aimed at. We believe it will be found that other reports which are current on the subject, although they speak of much larger numbers of troops as having embarked, do not profess to be founded on any accounts received from Baltschik of a later date than the 21st ult. and consequently, the question of the amount and destina- tion of the force embarked at that place rests at best on little more than conjecture. Although, however, we are not in possession of any reliable information on this matter, it may be convenient that we should draw attention to such points as may afford data for a sound and correct opinion respecting it. In the first place, it may be remarked that the des- patch from Odessa, of the 31st July, stating that the combined fleets had appeared off [Sebastopol on the prev- ious day, with a number of transports does not ne- cessarily imply that the news in question had been trans- mitted to Odessa from that place. A single day seems too short a period for the passage of intelligence between the two points; and it is impossible that our despatch only embodies a conclusion drawn at Odessa from facts which may have been learned at Baltschik, or, perhaps, at sea. We may also remark that, if the fleets and transports sailed from Baltschik on the 21st, the interval between that day and the 30th appears somewhat long for the voyage to Sebas- topol. But, whatever credit may be due to the despatches we have received, there is no doubt that many circumstances have lately tended to countenance the notion that some movement in the Black Sea, on a large scale, was in active preparation. Our Malta Correspondent states, that a fleet of 400 transports was collected at Varna. The transmission of heavy siege artillery to the East, both from this country and from France, has more than once been alluded to and it was lately announced that the generals and admirals at Varna had held a council of war, which seemed to be the prelude to some important undertaking. On the other hand, however, it must be remembered that whilst a small armament would not be likely to succeed in an attack on Sebastopol, the sailing of a large one is not reconcilable either with movements which are believed to have been in contemplation elsewhere, or with operations which are positively asserted to be in actual progress. The announcement from Bucharest, of the 2nd instant, that Marshal St. Arnaud and Lord Raglan were expected at that place, may not be entitled to much attention but a cor- respondent of one of the Vienna journals, writing from the Wallachian capital on the 25th ult., stated that the Anglo- French troops, with a strong division of the Turkish army, had advanced into the Dobrutscha as far as the heights of Babadah. The supposed object of this movement—namely, to force the remaining Russian troops out of the Dobruts- cha, and then. turning to the left, to cross the Danube, and fall upon Prince Gortschakoff's left wing—appears so per- fectly natural, looking at the position of the allied army, that it is difficult to avoid crediting the statement. It is, moreover, perfectly consistent with this view of the inten- tions of the Anglo-French commanders, that a portion of their force should be embarked at Baltschik on the 21st ult., for this is exactly the measure which they would na- turally adopt for the reduction of the fortified places held by the enemy on the Lower Danube. It appears scarcely probable that the allied generals would divide their resour- ces between this object and an attack on Sebastopol yet, if the former has been abandoned, are we to suppose that the final expulsion of the invader from the Lower Danube is to be effected by the troops of Austria and Turkey ? It is so vitally important to Austria that this result should be attained without delay, that it is difficult to believe she will be willing to co-operate unless it be immediately secured. It must be recollected that so long as the mouths of the river are held by Russia, the blockade established by the Allies must necessarily be maintained, and the trade of Germany in that quarter will be wholly stopped for even Wallachian vessels have been captured by our cruizers when attempting to elude their vigilance. Is this paramount ob- ject, then, to be secured for Austria by her own army or by the Turks ? Neither alterhative appears very probable. It is at least dubious whether the resources of the Emperor Francis Joseph will be adequate to the task of clearing the Principalities and the entire line of the Danube, whilst re- taining the necessary reserves for the defence of his own territory and if the Ottomans are to undertake this duty, it may be remarked, that of all military operations, the siege of regularly fortifed places, like Tultscka and Isaktscha is, perhaps, the sort of enterprise for which they are least qualified. It has moreover been repeatedly affirmed that Austria, although willing to occupy the Principalities as the invaders retire, is anxious to avoid, if possible, so direct a collision with them as the siege of a town held by a Russian garrison; and though that we are not aware that there is any gronnd for this impression, it 'ought not to be passed over in estimating the probabilities .for and against the embarkation of the allied army on a distant expedition. It is at least certain that, if a powerful armament has ac- tually sailed for the Crimea, the Governments of France and England must have acted under the conviction that they might calculate on the fullest and most strenuous co-oper-a- tion on the part of Austria; but although we entertai 11 this conviction ourselves, and have repeatedly expressed it, we are not as yet aware of any evidence sufficiently decisive to establish the fact beyond dispute. It may possibly turn out, after all, that the real object of the embarkation of .1# nnmn1p.te eXDUlsioQ of the enemy from the Lower Danube, and to cut off his communi- cation with Odessa by an attack on his flank; and it may, perhaps, be further intended to act directly ag ai,,st that port, with a view to its permanent occupation dunng the WilL It must not, however, be assumed that, under any circumstances, the consequence of postponing decisive operations against the Crimea. will be to yield the Black Sea to the Russians during the winter, and to afford them ,i secoiid Sinol)e m,,ts.,acre; foi: an opportunity of effecting a second Sinope massacre; for as soon as the Baltic is closed by ice, our screw steam-ships will no longer be wanted in the Forth, and will be at once disposable for service in the Euxine. The sudden blasts that vex those waters, and from which it derived its ancient name of the Inhospitable Sea, have no terrors for a powerful screw steamer; and we shall be able, therefore, throughout the winter, to keep a squadron on the watch, ready to welcome the enemy if they venture outside their forts.

PROSPECTS OF THE COMING HARVEST. The following are the results of an analysis of reports from 134 correspondents, spread over the forty English counties;— Wheat—Very good, excellent, average, 31; good, full average, full crop, &c., 49 average, pretty good, &c., 32; near average, 4; under average, thin, &c., 12; middling, doubtful, or various, 6. Totals—Favourable, 112; unfa- vourable, 12; neuter, 10. Barley—127 reports resolve themselves into-Very good, over average, abundant, &c., 33; good, full average, full crop, &c., 40; average, pretty good, &c., 30; short, light, in- different, &c., 12; various, irregular, &c., 12. Totals Favourable, 103; unfavourable, 12; neuter, 12. Oats-128 reports give-Excellent, over average, very good, &c., 25; good, full average, &c., 46; average, fair, pretty good, &c., 33; near average, tolerable, middling, various, &c., 11; under average, short,jlight, &c., 13. Totals- Favourable, 104; unfavourable, 13; neuter, 11." Partial inquiries made in the Irish, Scotch, and Welsh counties give similar favourable results.

A LETTER FROM THE SEAT OF WAR. I The annexed letter received in Carmarthen, will be read with interest by many a countryman of the writer, and requires no further apology for its insertion in our columns:— Yuksakova Plains, Camp Devna Road. 9th July, 1851. My dear Brother and Sister,—It is with pleasure I sit down on the green grass to scribble these few lines to inform you what has occurred since I wrote to you last from Varna. About 3 a.m. on the 3rd inst., the second division of the British force serving in Turkey was seen busy at work in striking their tents and packing them on their bat-horses. At 4 a.m., they were seen standing under arms in contiguous co- lumns of distance facing the road to Schumala;—the first Brigade in front-the Artillery immediately in rear-the 2nd Brigade next, and the baggage in rear of the whole. At 4 £ they were seen moving off en route of columns of sections, righj, in front, bands playing and colours cased. The scene of the country on either side of us was beautiful and the roads excellent. I cannot call them roads either, because they are fields-yes, where many a bloody battle has been fought be- tween the Russians and Turks. However, on we went until we arrived on a large plain near a small village called Carrig- oul, where we encamped, intending to march early the follow- ing morning, but during the night the order was counter- manded, and we had to remain there till further orders. About 3 a.m. on the 6th inst., the 2nd Division was again seen busy at the same work as on the 3rd, at 44 a.m., we began our way across the green fields. The mornings on each occasion were beautiful—the earth fresh with dew-the sky clear and cloud- less-altid the sun shining beautifully on the numerous fields of ripe waving corn, which would afford concealment to troops in action. On we went until we arrived on the plains of Yuk- sakova, where we halted and eneamped, surrounded on all sides with woods and hills-not,a house near, except a small village on the top of one of the hills on our right. To the left of the village the Light Division are encamped, three miles on our right,—and three miles on our left the 1st Division are en- camped, alongside a beautiful lake. The 3rd Division are be- tween us and Varna, and the French are on our extreme right, crowning the hills and valleys. We don't know (or. at least, I don't) how far we are from the enemy: it is rumoured they have retired across the Danube. I gave you a little account from Constantinople how well we were supplied with good rations, but since leaving that place (I am sorry to say) are quite the reverse. I suppose they have left all the ale and porter behind at Constantinople to fatten the Turks or some- body else, &c., &c. We have a few Greeks following us with poisonous wine and charging what they like for it. The French have their own country people following them with everything they want, good and cheap in fact, they are kings towards us, poor fellows. The French are better clothed and equipped in every shape and form than us, and have not so much to carry as what we have. Our men might be heard groaning under the following load, viz. --One musket, waist belt and bayonet pouch and pouch belt, 60 rounds of ammu- nition, one pair of trowsere, one shirt, one pair of socks, one pair of boots, one pair of soles, heels, and welts, one forage cap, one pair of mitts, one brush, one account book, hold-all, blacking, one towel, smock frock, mess tin andxover, haver- sack, wooden canteen with water, rations (if anfean be had), great coat, blanket, and certain individuals have added to this the camp-kettle or bill-hook-quite sufficient, you will admit, under an eastern sun, to ruin the constitution of a donkey. Our army is in every respect 40 or 50 years behind that of France, and it is most grievous to the feelings of an English- man to behold the contrast. The utmost cordiality exists be- tween the troops, and I frequently saw them like boon com- panions, making a most riotous noise over their liquors," al- though the only French the Englishman attemptt is Vive Napoleon J" while the Frenchman confines himself to Vive Victoria Regina Ingleez Bool," &c., &c. I have nothing more of any consequence to inform you at present, so I shall draw my scribble to a conclusion, hoping and trusting they will reach you all enjoying good health and happiness. Give my love to all our relations and my kindest remembrance to all old friends-too numerous to mention, and tell them I am quite well, thanks be to God. It is a sad and desolate feeling to fancy that we must be buried in a far distant land, from our kindred and our home, and that unheeding strangers will tread on the place of our repose. 'Tis sad to die on the battle field, to find a grave so far from the land of the long yellow broom and purple heather. But, dear friends, do not think that my spirits are low or that my courage is dimmed;—no, I have the spirit of a soldier and a heart that's not afraid. Al- though I may never again behold my own dear native land, my home, and my kindred, yet, I will bravely look forward to our re-union in our Heavenly Father's Home, where there is nothing but perfeet happiness, and that in unity. How sweet it will be to call God our Father, Jesus our elder brother, and all the companions of Heaven our friends. Farewell— farewell. I remain, your affectionate brother, J W. D-t Sergeant.

CARMARTHEN CORN RETURNS. WEEK ENDING, AUGUST 5, 1854. Total Quantities. Wheat, 11 quarters, 3 bushels jarley, quarters, — bushel; oats, 0 quartcrs I) bushels. Average per Quarter.-Wheat, 63a. 4d,; barley,-s.- oats, 27s. 8d. CAItNfAYtTTrE,Beef, perlb.-) 6d. to Sd; Muiton, 6W. to 7!d.; \fa 5d to per lb. Fresh butter, (24 oz. Is, 9d. Salt, UN. to iOd. Chickens 2s. 8d. old. ::31" to —g. new, 21s. 6d. per cwt. potatoes, new, 121b. for 6d. LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, AUGUST 7. MARK-LANE.—The supply of English wheat to this morn- ing's market was small, and disposed of at an advance of 28. to 3s. per quarter upon the prices of this day se'nnight. The morning being fine, business in foreign was less ani- mated than on Friday; but the sales effected were at 28. to 3s. per quarter above our quotations on Monday last. For barley there is a retail demand at about last week's prices. Beans are rather more enquired for. Oats sell slowlv at an advance of 6d. per qr. Barrel flour meets a fair inquiry at an advance of 2s. from this day week. LONDON AVERAGES. £ 8. d. £ s. d Wheat 934qrs. 3 6 0 Rye 3 qrs. 1 16 0 Barley. 21 1 14 0 1 Beans. 114 2 6 8 Oats 1313 1 8 8 Peas 89 2 1 0 AVERAGE PRICE OF SIX WEEKS. Week ending JULY 29. Imperial General Weekly Average.—Wheat, 69s. 8d.; Barlev,36s. 3d.; Oats, 29s lOd Rye, 45s. 8d.; Beans, 47s. 5d.; Peas, 47s. 31. PRICES OF BUTTER, CHEESE HAMS, &c. Butter, per cwt. s. s. Cheese, per cwt. s. s Friesland 90to 92 Cheshire 66 80 Kiel 94: 98 Double Gloucester 60 70 Dorset new 100 104 Single do. 60 70 Waterford. Hams York 76 84 Cork. 84 94 Irish 66 76 Limerick Bacon Wiltshire 74 76 Sligo. Waterford — — BARK AND OTHER TANNING MATERIALS. Per load of 45 cwt. English, Tree .£13 10 0 to £ 15 0 0 Coppice JE13 10 0 0 Mimosa E13 10 0 E 15 10 0 0 0 9 14 0 0 Valonia £13 0 0 L 16 10 o The prices of Wheaten Bread in the Metropolis are from 9d. to lO&d. and Household do., 8d. to 9d. per 41bs. loaf. SEED.-Owing to the unsettled weather of the past week our market for new seeds rwed firmer this morning; but supplies not yet being fully to hand, prices are for the most part nominal. New rapeseed comes slowly to hand, and is fully as dear. Canaryseed remains a very heavy sale. PROVISTON.-A slight increase in the demand for Irish Butter occurred towards the end of last week, -it f0I decline of 2s. on all kinds the transactions, however, S on a limited scale, and the appearance at the close of the market indicated the probability of lower rates. Dutch of best quality, and also French, met free buyers at 2s. ad- for other kinds there was a slow sale, and no change in value. Bacon.-Prime Irish and Hambro' sides of m? cure were scarce and wanted, and prices Is. to 2s. dearer Stale and hard salted were saleable at a reduction of 2s. )5 4s. Of American sides and middles nothing new to r?ep poorr?t. Hams not so much sought after. Lard dull. ^.—The bad weather of the last few days has been v*w prejudicial to the bine, which continues to be "infested wiS vermin, and anything like a crop appears now tobequlJ S offer? market is very firm, and very few ? on offer. £ s. £ s. Weald of Eents. 8?10\ 1? 10 Sussex Pockets 8 0 S 9 S TALLOW.-Our market continues steady, and ? .?'' well supported. P.Y.C. on the spot, is quot? at 67s. 3d' ? and for delivery during the last three months 6?. ''??' pe: ewt. Town ?ryi1ow, 66s. 6d. net cash. aJ&SiIjta e Pr8ibs S?sh ?o  ? ?- WOOL.-There has been more disposition shown to pur- chase most kinds of English Wool, but the prices demanded by holders not bei2 ns in accordance with the views of the staplers, the amount of business doing has not been exten- staplers thesa? mn is ?°W good yet, as the colonial wool sive ? Th?e -? progressing satisfactorily, and as money has become ch? eaper, a large business is looked forward to. SMITHFIELD.—There was a full average supply of forei; stock in to-day's market, but its general quality wasinf? From our own grazing districts the arrivals of bea?? moderate as to number, and there was a material falling °??. in their general weight and condition. ?he S.S Qf buyers being good, the beef trade ruled brisk art J ?n? ??? "?7 ?'? advance in the quotations of 2d per 81bs Tv general top price for beef was 5s per 81bs bX ut a few very superior Scots were sold by weight at 5s. d. per 8lbs. The arrivals from LincolZh?Leic?t?hS'   amounted to 1,950 short horns from other parts of Eng- land, 600 of various breeds j and from sisjarsrtjsa and polled *•& were seasonably well supplied with sheep, but at least two thirds of them were in ?m?hS Tefl 0?> The pnmest sheep were, therefore, in good re- quest, at full currencies. Otherwise the demand was in a slugfigLish h sw tate, yet prices were.fairly supported. Prime lambs were scarce, and quite as dear as last week. Inferior breeds met a slow sale, at Friday's deoline. The show of calves was again extensive; nevertheless, the veal trade was "steeaaddyv and prices had an upward tendf>nor Tt, i pigs which was but moderate-sold on former ?erms Per Slbs. to sink the offal.-Coarse and inferior beast, 3s. 6d. to 3s. 8d. second quality do. 3s. lOd. to 4s. 2d prime large oxen 4s. 4d. to 4s. 8d. prime Scots, &c 4s. IOd. to 5s. Od. coarse and inferior sheep, 3s. 6d. to 3s. 8d. second quality do. 3s. lOd. to 4s. Od. prime coarse r 0dn sheep, 4s. 2d. to 4s. 8d. prime South Downs 4s. 10d. to 5s Od., Lambs 4s. 4d. to 5s. 6d., large coarse calves. 3s. 4d to 4s. 2d. prime smaM ditto?, 4s" 4d. to5?0d' iAiDBT„ H4G8'JS^D- T0 4S 2D- neat small porkers, 4s. 4a. Jo 4?; Beasts, 4046, Sheep, 31,740, Calves, 300, gs, {W. HIDE AND SKIN MARKETS.   Market Hides, 56 to 64 lbs 8A DO a' d- lb. DO. '64 72ibs..S! ■ 4perlb- Do. 80 88 lbs ol n 2* Do. 88 96 lbs 0 4 0 t Horse Hides 00 •••• Calf Skins, Iight. 20 68 Polled Sheep u0 00 Kents. 0 0 QQ ? ? METALS. s. d. E. 8. d. ENGLISH IRON1. Refined 0 0 0 Bars at Cardiff and Grain. 6 14 0 Newport 9 12 6 Fine Grain 75 n Rails (Wales) 8 12 6 Ditto bars 7 6 0 Staffordshire 10 12 0 Do. granulated ..770 FOREIGN STEEL. FOREIGN TIN. S d. h k 16 5 0 Banea, in bond ..600 we IS eg. Straits. (j 15 0 Do. Faggot 0 0 0 aftraits 5 15 q ENGLISH COPPER. TIX PLATES. a^d'WVper?^ 0 1 0 IC Charcoal per box 114 6 Sheets, bolts per lb. 0 1 0 IX do 1 19 6 Tough cake 126 0 0 inn "'I ?? S Tile126 0 0 JC Coi ke per box.. 1 9 6 Old copper per 0 0 ? ?' I W 0 ZINC. pound 0 0 0 In oSv heett s ZINC> 32 0 0 ENGLISH LEAD. PORIGN IRON. a. Pig per ton 24 10 0 FORIGN IRON. a. Sheet. 25 15 0 Swedish. 12 0 0 ENGLISH TIN. Russian CCND 17 0 0 Block per cwt 5 19 0 Ind. Ch. Pigs in Bar 6 0 0 London 6 0 0 Terms.-a, 2? per centdis; b, 3 ditto; c, nett; d, li per Terms.-a, 2 2?1 .t,?0; ? 1? ditto. cent. dis. e,

WEEKLY CALENDAR. THE Moox's CHANGES.—Last quarter, Aug. 15th, at 15mi- nutes past 1 afternoon. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES. FOR THE ENSUING WBBK. Carmar- Cardigan Tenby Aba t- DAYS. then Bar. and and Abe Llanelly. Bristol. Milford. mæ' H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M* Saturday, Aug. 12 8 39 19 22 8 14 9 69 Sunday, 13 9 21 10 11 8 56 10 41 Monday .1410 0 10 50 9 35 11 20 Tuesday 1510 42 11 32 10 17 12 2 Wednesday .1611 25 12 15 11 0 12 45 Thursday .1712 18 1 8 11 53 1 38 Friday 18 1 32 2 22 I 1 7 2 52 LONDON GAZETTE. BANKRUPTS. (Friday, Aug. 4.J —J. W. Aldridge, corn merchant, Witham, Essex. B. Bernasconi, looking-glass frame manufacturer, Red Lion-street, Clerkenwell, W. Sullock, ironmonger and brazier Warwick.—T. Boyden, and J. E. Mansford, merchants, Cullum-street.T. Calisher, jeweller, Norfolk-street, Strand.—S. Hammond, flax-spinner, Leeds.— J. Howard, butcher, Norwich.—J- Milligan, draper, Man- chester.—J. H. Mackey merchant, St. Helen's place.—R. Mason, stationer, Manchester.—J- H. Oates, painter, Hali- fax.- C Staples, and J. Collyer, ship plumbers, South- ampton. BANKRUPTS.—(Tuesday, -Aw.. B.)-William Robert Nield and William Henry Hugh Collander, shawl warehousemen, Cannon-st., West, city.-Charles William Norman, tailors' trimming-seller, and haberdasher, Shoreditch.—H. Turtle, Cannon-st., Mount Etna-place, Mile-end-road.— Henry cheesemonger, Mount. tna-place, Mile-end-road.- Henry Taylor, grocer, druggist, and tallow-chandler, Newbury. Taylor, grocerM, d shoemaker, Southampton.—H. Coppmger, Bishop, boot tailor, Hawkhurst, Kent.—E. Davies, oil and colourman, Harrow-road, Paddington, and Park-terrace, Regent's Park.— T. J. Holloway, rope and twine manufacturer, Salisbury.— T. Kimpton. carrier, Liverpool.—W. Armstrong and W. O. Hankey, tailors, Shrewsbury.-G. H. Fourdrinier, paper- manufacturer, Shelton, Staffoi-dahire.-T. B. Hutton, wine and spirit merchant, dealer in fancy goods, and commission agent.-W. Hooper, cabinet-maker, Bristol.—G. Edwards, grocer and provision dealer, Newport, Monmouthshire.—S. Trotman, corn dealer, baker, and beer retailer, Chipping Sod- bury, (IIOUPestenhire.-G. Hinges ton, money scrivener, Lyme. J. Sugden and G. Webster, woolstaplers, Bradford, Yorkshire. -G. Jeeves, brush manufacturer, Sheffield.

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS:- LONDON: Mr. White, 33 Fleet-Street; Messrs. Newton and Co., Warwick-square; Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, aear the Mansion House; W. Dawson and Son, 74, Cannon-Street; Mr. C. Mitchell, Red Lion Court, Fleet-street; Mr. M. Hammond, 27 Lombard-street, London. THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the above agents, and also at Peel's-Coffee-House, No. 177,178, Fleet-Street; and Deacon's Coffee-House, Walbrook. Printed and Published in Red Lion' Yard, in the Parish of St. Peter, in the County of the Borough of Carmarthen, by the Proprietor, JosEFH HEGINBOTTOM, of Picton Terrace, in Carmarthen aforesaid. FRIDAY, AUGUSX 11, 1864.