The Welshman

A PROPER SENSE OF PROPERTY. What a lovely prospect," said Mrs. Jericho, ap- proaching a window. What an undulation of hill and meadow! What a prospect "This, Mrs. Jericho," said the Monied Man, "jmy prospect. This I can make my own this is my property; in its essence, I may say, property. But icre's the property in what you call a lovely prospect, at any beggar may look at ai well I ? Any vagabond "tinker, or poet, or any rag- amuffin of that sort, may piteli his tent, and boil his ket- tle, and smoke his pipe, and take his pleasure of the prospect, quite as much as if it was his own—upon law- ful parchment his own. This, I own it-this interferes with my righteous sense of property. What belongs to a man, belongs to him. If the sun goes down upon my property, I've a clear title to that sunlct; if the clouds over my land ar? remarkable fine, they are my clouds md it is a sort of moral larceny—though un- happily there's no law for it-but moral larceny it is, to all intents and purposes,—for any beggar at his pleasure to enj'>v what is over my land to have, as the term is, the usufruct of that sunset-of those clouds.A Man Alade of Money, by Douglas Jerrold. WILLIAM T'CF, THIRD'S GREAT WORK. I The French monarchy was to him what the Roman republic was to Hannibal, what the Ottoman power was to Scanderbeg, what the southern domination was to Wallace. Religion gave her sanction to that intense and unquenchable animosity. Hundreds of Calvinistic preachers proclaimed that the same power which had set apart Samson from the womb to he the scourge of the Philistine, and which had called Gideon from the threshing-floor to smite the Midianite, had raised up William of Orange to be the champion of all free nations and of all pure churches nor was this notion without iniiacnce on his own mind. To the confidence which the aeroic fatalist placed ou his high destiny and in his sacred cause is to he partly atlribntPrl his singular indifference to danger. He had a great work to do aii(I till it was don" nothing conld harm him. Therefore it was that, in spite of the prognostications of physicians, he recovered from maladies which seemed hopeless, that bands of assassins conspired against his life, that the open skiff to which he trussed himself in a starless niuht, on a raging ocean, and near a treacherous shore, brouirht him safe to land, and that, on twenty fields of battle, the cannon balls passed him by to riglit and left. The ardour and perseverance with which he devoted himself to his mission have scarcely any parallel in history. In comparison with his great object he held the lives of other men as cheap as his own. The feeling with which William regarded France explains the whole of his policy towards England. His pnblic spirit was an European public spirit. The chief object of his care was not our island, not even his native Holland, but the great community of nations threatened with subjugation by one too-powerful member. Those who commit the error of considering him as an English statesman mnst necessarily see his whole life in a new light, arid will be unable to discover any principle, good or bad, Whig or Tory, to which his most important acts can be referred. But, when we consider him as a man whose especial task was to join a crowd of feeble, divided, and dispirited states in firm and energetic union against a common enemy, when we consider him as a man in whose eyes England was important cli;fly because, without her, the great coalition which he pro- jected must be incomplete, we shall be forced to admit that no long career recorded in history has been more uniform from tLp beginning to the close than that of this great prillcc.-Jlacaulafs History. HOW TO PAY THE CABMAS. ) Everybody has heard of the ingenious manner in which Sheridan evaded payment of a considerable sum for coach hire, by inveigling Richardson into the vehicle, getting up a quarrel. no very difficult matter, then jump. ing out in disgust, and leaving his irritable friend to recover his composure, and pay the fare. Hook, who like all men of genius, augmented the resources of his own wit by a judicious borrowing from that of others, seems to have caught at that idea, when once, under similar circumstances, he found himsplf, after a long and agreeable ride, without money to satisfy the coachman- a friend happening to be passing, he was hailed and taken up—but unfortunately, proved to be, en enquiry, as unprepared for any pecuniary transaction as Theodore himself. A dull copyist would have broken down at once, but with a promptitude and felicity of conception that amply redeem the plagiarism, with whatever else he may h" left char?eabte. Hook pnHed the check-string, ant bade the driver proceed as rapidly as possible to No. street, at the west end of the town, the residence of a well-known surgeon, &c. Arrived, he ordered the coachman to knock and ring," as desired, with energy. and of; the uoor opening, told his friend to follow, and hastily entered the house. Mr.—, is he at home? I must see him intmedi-ttpty t" Mr. soon made his appearance, when Hook, in an agitated and hurried tone, commenced :—" Mv dear sir, I trust you are disengaged Mr. bowed. "Thank heaven!—Pardon my incohe- rence, sir,—make allowance for the feelings of a husband -perhaps a father-vour attendance, sir, is instantly I required-in,ytantly-by Mrs. N o.—, &c., pray lose not a moment, it is a very peculiar case, I assure you." I will start directly." replied the medical man. I have only to run up-stairs. get my apparatus, and step into my carriage." Ah, exactly," returned Hook, I am in agony till I see you fairly off-don't think of ordering out your own carriage—here's one at the door —jump into that." Mr. with a great mahogany case under his arm, made the jump, and quickly found himself at the house to which he had been directed it was the abode of a very stiff-mannered, middle-aged maiden lady, not unknown to Hook; one, moreover, to whom he owed a grudge, a kind of debt he rarely failed to pay. The doctor was admitted, but on explaining the object of his visit, soon found it convenient to make a precipitate retreat from tile claws of the infuriate spinster, into the arms of the hackney-coachman, who deposited him ill safety at his own door, which, however, he declined quitting without the full amount of his fare.-Life of Theodore lIook. THE EMPEROR ALEXANDER AND THE QUAKERS. In 1S14 the general peace brought the allied sovereigns -on a visit to London, when the Society of Friends has- tened to present addresses to the Emperor of Russia, and to the King of Prussia. That for the Emperor of was left with Count Licyen, on th", lSth of June, and the next day William Allen called to arrange for its reception. To his surprise, however, instead of obtain- ing a formal interview, he found the Count in his car- riage, who bade him get in, and, driving off immediately, informed him that the Emperor wished to attend a Friend's meeting, arid that there was no time for it but the present. Calling at Count Nesselrode's for the Em- peror, the Grand Duchess of Oldenburg, the Duke of Oldenberg, and the Duke of Wurtemberg, the whole party drove off without the slightestpreviotls intimation, to the nearest meeting-house then open. No commotion was excited bv their arrival. They were quietly shewn to the seats usually occupied by men and women re- epectivelv. The meeting remained in silence about a quarter of an hour," in which time, ys Nlr. Allfn, niy mind was sweetly calmed and refreshed, in the firm belief that the Great Master had the work in his own hallils." Richard Phillips then stood lip, with a short but ac- ceptable address to the meeting and, soon after, J"n "VV likmson was engaged in explaining the effects of vital religion, and the nature of true worship. After lIe sat down, John Bell uttered a few sentences, and John W ilson concluded in supplication. The Emperor and the whole paity conducted themselves with great seriousness, and, after meeting," they kindly shook hands with the friends, and departed. Two days after this the Emperor received Mr. Allen and the deputation with the Friends' address. The number was very limited, in accordance with Count Lieven's instructions. Alexander received them aluiic, and conversed freely with them in F.ngl¡s\, asking question-, which "evidently showed that lie was acquainted with the operations of the Holy Spirit on the soul." He said hc" agreed entirely with Friends ion the subject of worship." He told them that he was himself in the habit of daily prayer that at the first he employed a form of words, but at length grew uneasv in so doing, as the words were not always ap- plicable to the present state of his mind and that now the subject of his prayer was according to the impression he feit of his wants at the time. He stated how the Lord had made him acquainted with spiritual religion after which he had much sought it, and that" herein he found strength arid consolation adding, that ho and a!! of us were placed in th;s life to glority God, and tcbe useful ro one another. During the interview, he repeat- edly pressed their hands expressed a wish to know more of them said hf should like to see a Friend's Jsouse and concluded bv observing, that if any Friends •should visit Petersbmg on a religious account, thpy were jK't to wait for kiiv introduction, but to I "Y to h'. >\nd hi- would do rvrrv'hing to promote their views. •»-/Jxst »f Jvsrj.h l.evr<ut>.r <</ AHtn. j I A SWARM OF LOCUSTS. I I ?-1-1-1?", I Speaking of natural exhibitions, a tiili of locusts is, beyond all comparison, the most awful I have oyer seen, ami I may be excused for digressing from the immediate thread of my narrative to give my readers some account of that dreadful scourge, which is considered in eastern and southern countries the most Ti ) i I nifest a t inn of the wrath of God. Travelling along the western coast of Africa, I once beheld this terrible infliction. These creatures fell in thousands and ten thousands around us and upon us, along the sands on which we were riding, and on the sea that was beating at our feet; vet we were removed from their most oppressive influ- ence;fora fewhundred yards to our right, darkening the air. the great innumerable host came on slowly and steadilv, advancing in a direct line, and in a mighty moving column. The fall of locusts fronr this central column was so great, that when a cow, directly under the line of flight, attempting inelfectually to graze in the field, approached her mouth to the grass, there rose immediately so dense a swarm, that her head was for the moment almost concealed from sight; and as she moved along, bewildered by this worse than Egyptian plague, clouds of locusts rose up under her feet, visible even at a distance as clouds of dust when set in motion by the wind on a stormy day. At the extremity of the field I saw the husbandmen bending over their staffs, and gazing with hopeless eyes upon that host of death, which swept like a destroying angel over the land, and con- signed to ruin all the prospects of the year for wherever that column winged its flight, beneath its withering influence the golden glories the harvest perished, and the leafy honours of the foresTyisappeared. There stood those ruined men, silent and motionless, overwhelmed with the magnitude of their calamity, yet conscious of their utter inability to control it; while, further on, where some woodland lay in the immediate line of the advancing column, beitli set on fire, and trees kindling into a blaze, testified the general horror of a visitation which the ill-fated inhabitants endeavoured to avert by such a frightful remedy. They believed that the smoke, arising from the burning forest, and ascending into the air, would impede the direct march of the column, throw it into confusion, drive the locusts out to sea, and thus deliver the country from their desolating presence.— Lord Carnarvon's Portugal and Galicia. j GR.%TUS LIVING PAST. We may venture to supply, by way of specimen, a sketch, by no means overcharged, of one of those rest- less life-exhausting days in which the seemingly iron energies of Theodore Hook were prematurely consumed. A late breakfast—his spirits jaded by the exertions of yesterday, and further depressed by the impending weight of some pecuniary difficulty large arrears of literaty toil to be made up the meal sent away un- t asted every power of his mind forced and strained for the next four or five hours upon the subject that happens to be in hand —then a rapid drive to town and a visit, j first to one club, where, the centre of an admiring circle, his intellectual faculties arc again upon the stretch, and again aroused and sustained by artificial means; the same thing repeated at a second—the same drain and the same supply—a ballot or "general meeting" at a third, the chair taken by Mr. Hook, who, as a friend observes, addresses the members, produces the accounts, audits and passes them, gives a surcitwt statement of the pros- pects and finances of the society, parries an awkward question, extinguishes a grumbler, confounds an oppo- nent, proposes a vote of thanks to himself, seconds, carries it, and" returns thanks with a vivacious rapidity that entirely confounds the unorganized schemes of the minority; then a chop in the committee-room, and just one tumbler of brandy and water," or ti,-o and we fear the catalogue would not always close there. Off next to take his place at some lordly banquet, where the fire of wit is to be stirred again into dazzling blaze, and fed by fresh supplies of potent stimulants. Lady A has never heard one of his delightful extempores the piano- forte is at hfind-we have seen it established with malice prepense in the dining-room when he has been expected fresh, and more vigorous efforts of fancy, memory, and application are called for—all the wondrous machinery of the brain taxed and strained to the very utmost-smiles and applause reward the exertion and perhaps one more chanson, if he has shown himself thoroughly i' the vein, is craved as a special favour; or possiblv, if the call has been made too early or too late, some dull-witted gentleman hints that he is a little disappointed in Mr. Hook; and the host admit, that he has notbeen so happy as he has known him. He retires at last, but not to rest -nr)t to hoiie. Half -tii )!our at CrocifoTd's is proposed by some gay companion as they quit together: we need not continue the pietur?; the half-hour is quadrupled, and the excitement of the preceding evening is as no- thing to that which now ensues whether he rises from the tabie winner (;r loser, by the time he has reached Ful- ham the reaction is complete, and in a state of utter -Lil v, !I- "3eelcs ii i I)i l "),V-to prostra.tinn, !Jo(L)." and nlPnta]]y,)¡p seeks hi;; pil!ow-to run, perhaps, precisely a si.nilar course on the morrow. Barham's Life of Theodore HUI). AUTHENTIC PREDICTION'S. — NAPOLEON .X1) LOUIS I PHILIPPE. How often do we hear cited the words pronounced by Napoleon at St. Helena, on the future state of Europe. Never was there a more opportune moment for calling them to mind than the present. Th<\v are as follow In less than lii'ty years France will he re- publican or cossaek. Then, if my son shall be in ex- istence, he will be called to the throne amidst the ac- clamations of the people. If he is not, France will become a republic, for no hand will dare to seize the sceptre that cannot sustain it. The Orleans branch, although agreeable, arc too weak. They hold too much with the other Bourbons, and they will the same jide, unlcss they prefer to live as simple citizens, whlt- ever changes may take place. Again, France will hc- come a republic, and other countries will follow her example—Germany, Prussia, Poland, Italy, Denmark, Sweeden, and Russia wilt join in a crusade in favour of freedom. They will arm themselves against their sovereigns, who will hasten to make concessions, that they may retain a portion of their ancient authority; they will call themselves constitutional kings, with a limited power. Thus the feudal system will receive its death-blow like a fog in the midst of the ocean, it will vanish at the first rays of the sun of liberty. But things will not -top here; the revolutionary wheel will not stand still at this point; its impetuosity will quintuple, and its swiftness will go in proportion. When t people recovers one part of its rights, it becomes enthusiastic for victory, and having tasted the sweets of liberty, will become more enterprising, that it may obtain more. The states of Europe, in all probability, will be in a continual state of agitation for some years, like the earth the moments preceding an earthquake; but at length the lava will disengage itself, and the explosion will terminate. The bankruptcy of England will be the lava that will shake the world, devour the kings and aristocracies, but cement, by its eruption, the interests of the democracies. Believe me Les Casses, as the vines planted amongst the ashes that cover the foot of Etna and Vesuvius, produced the most delicious wines, so will the tree of liberly become immoveable when it shall have taken root in the revolutionary lava that shall overthrow all monarchies. Then will it flourish for ages These sentiments appear strange to you from my mouth they are nevertheless mine. I was born a re- publican but destiny, and the opposition of Europe made me an Emperor." Louis Philippe once accorded an audience to L'Abbe Cambalot. Previous to retiring, Louis Philippe questioned him thus You who are continually in contact with all classes of society, and with their miseries, you must know the opinion, the manners, and tendencies will you have the goodness to speak frankly to me? I wish to know the truth." L'abhe spoke according to his conscience, and the portrait he drew was not of a nature that was pleasing to the king; but he appeared in no way moved, and added, I was well assured of the tendency of the public mind. You say, Mons. L'Abbe that we are going to social dis- disorganization. That word is not strong enough. We are marching on to anthropophagy, and it is too late now to stop it Remember that word, Mons. L'Abbe, you will probably see its reali--atioi.(Traiislateel from the French.) TUB "GOOD OLD COUNTRY" GENTLEMAN. I A country gentlemen who witnessed the revolution was probably in receipt of about a fourth part cf the rent which his acres now yield to his posterity—a poor man, and was generally under the necessity of residing, with little interruption, on his estate. To travel oil the continent, to maintain an establishment in London, or even to visit London frequently, were pleasures in which only the great proprietors could indulge. It may be confidently affirmed that of the squires whose names were in King Charles's commission of peace and lieute- nancv, not one in twenty went to town once in five years, or had ever in his life wandered so far as Paris. Many lords of manors had received an education differing litt!e from that of their menial servant. The heir of an es- tate often passed his boyhood and youth at the seat of his family, with no better tutors than grooms and game- keepers, and scarce attained learning enough to sign his name to a mittimus. If he went to school and to college, he generally returned before he was twenty to the seclu- sion of the old hall; and there, unless his mind were very happily constituted by nature, soon forgot his aca- demical pursuits in rural business and pleasures. His chief serious employment was the care of his property. He examined samples of grain, handled pigs, and on market days made bargains over a tankard with drovers and hop merchants. His chief pleasures were commonly derived from field sports, and from an unrefined sen- suality. His language and pronunciation were such as we should now expect to hear only from the most igno- rant clowns. His oaths, coarse jests, and scurrilous terms of abuse, were uttered with the broadest accent of his province. It was easy to discover from the first words which bespoke, whether he came from Somerset- shire or Yorkshire. He troubled himself little about decorating his abode, and, if he attempted decoration, seldom produced anything but deformity. The litter of a gathered under the windows of his bed- chamber, and the cabbages and gooseberry hushes gr"w close to the hall door. His table was loaded with coarse plenty; arid guests were cordially welcomed to it But, as the habit of drinking to excess was general in the Clas.. to which lie belonged, anti as his fortune did not enable him to intoxicate large assemblies daily with claret or canary, strong beer was the ordinary beverage. The quantity of beer consumed in those d ivs was indeed enormous. For beer then was to the middle and lower classes, not only all that beer now is, but all that wine, tea, and ardent spirits now arc. It was only at great houses, or on great occasions, that foreign drink was piaced on the board. The ladies of the house, whose business It had commonly been to cook the repast, retired as soon as the dishes had been devoured, and left thc gen- tlemen to their al, anti tobacco. The coarse .jollity of the afternoon was ()Í\P1) prolonged \mtJ the revellers were laid under the table. It was very seldom that the country gentlemen caught glimpses of the gteat world and what he saw of it tcnded rathPT to confuse than enlighten his understanding. His opinions respecting religion, government, foreign countries and former times, having been derived, not from study, from observation, or from conversation with enlightened companions, but from such traditions as were current in his own small circle, were the opinions of a child. lie adhered to them, however, with the obstinacy which is generally found in ignoiant men accustomed to be fed with fiatterv. His animosities were numerous and bitf»r. lie hated French- men and Italians, Scotchmen and Irishmen, Papists and Presbyterians, Independents and Baptists, Quakers and Jews. Towards London and Londoners he felt an aver- sion which more than once produced important political effects. His wife and daughtN were in tastes and ac- quirements below a housekeeper or a still-room maid of the present day. They stitched and spun. brewed goose- berry wine dried marigolds, and made the crust for tue venison pasty.— Maeattlay's Hifivty of England. A COMIC ENTERTAINMENT. I The title of one of :\i:r. J'\I,hew's li'e" II Eart.h, Air, and Water," gave rise, according to Theodore Hook, to a somewhat curious blunder he despatched on > evening a clever and ingenious Scotch acquaintance with the newspaper orders to th' Lyceum: and on the following morning asked his opinion of the periormance. The gentleman said that it was rather comical upon the whole, but that there was a little too milch matter of fact abotit it, in(] that as for fun he did not think quite so much was made of it as might have been. Hook asked if the rest of the audience laughed ],(, not iliticii, but this he attriblltPd to there being but few people in the ht,iise. Well, but," "airl the editor, "surely you liked the son^s—did "Oil not think 'Mathews a very droll person ?" The gentleman replied that there were no songs, and that he did not think Mathews so very d oll he had a good deal of quiet humour certainly, and an admirable delivery; he had never seen a more gentle- manly man in h is life, bating that, perhaps, he was a little too fat. Hook was completely puzzled —a dull en- tertainment, no songs, a thin house, and a fat per- former!—it was past comprehension, till a reference to the play-bill showed that his Scotch friend, having visited the theatre on the Wednesday, had been listening unsuspectingly to Mr. Bartley's lecture on the Structure of the Universe, which was delivered on the alternate nights; and which, from its subject, he was quite con- vinced was no other than the celebrated representation of the great humorist. THE EXTERNAL ASSOCIATIONS OF THE CHURCH I IMPRESSIVE AND USEFUL. Even the simpler customs of her communion have not been destitute of instances of impressive usefulness. Her burial bell has often waked its solemn echo in that careless conscience that "would not be persuaded though one rose from the dead." Her chimes have melted, like a gush of tears the hard heart of that man whom they reminded of days gone by-of his mother, with her old clasped prayer-book wmpped in the white Sunday hand- kerchief, ready, like its owner, to obey the sacred sum- mons. Her grey old tower, in the clefts of whose crumbling stones grow the sweet flowers that bloom in their season, as if angels planted them up there so high, and none but the dews of the heaven reared, or seemed to care for them. Pretty emblems of the godly ones, who seek in the Towers of Zion their retreat and dwel- ling-place above the world! Her ivied porch, whose dark evergreen would have been dull on any other walls, but here had a sombre beauty of its own, because in keeping with the shadowy associations of the spot, ex- cluding the bold mid-day that glared ivit4 a too irreve- rent glitter for the house of God, suggested other ever. reens, whose leaf shall not wither, and groves of love- liness, in whose high places flocks of cherubim alight with glory on their wings. And yonder antique clock, that like the face of time watched, with unslumbering eye, the fleeting hours, and told aloud their numbers as they passed, does it tongue no moral to the old and young, that they, like the late and early hours must pass awav-some at the day-dawn, some at noon, and some at dead of night, and all of them when, death-like, a grave clock strikes their time. The very weather vane, with its shiftin).{ ,earàinab-thc initials of the world- trembling and yielding to every breeze that blows, and contrasting its instability with the fixed spire it stands on that never points to anywhere but heaven, acts like an index of the wavering world whose oracle it is, and in its uncertainty and incessant windings to and fro, may be apt to turn the thoughtful hrart at last to one with whom is no variableness neither shadow of turn- ing." The scattered tombstones of chancelled vaults, that seemed to carry to the grave the cold reseil%-e of affluence, that would lay apart from its fellows even in the dust, nor defile its haughty bones by contact with any peasant skeleton. Is there no lesson to be gathered from the analogy of the dead population with the living ? That both have their average of sex, and age, and sta- tion, in the sepulchre, as in the city, so that any one of the latter may at any time become a citizcn of the for- mer, invested with the freedom of the grave, the immu- nities and privileges of death. These are as the outer hieroglyphics of the church-the material legible para- hle, whose voiceless ministries symbolise to man, "Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, but the spirit shall return to God who gave it;" for they are not there, who once were here; their dust is there, but man was not dust alone; that has returned like water to its native level, but the nobler part, the soul, has risen, like an extinguished fire, to its source beyond the skieg.-The Rev. J. B. Owen's Lecture on the Liturgy. LAMARTINE REPUDIATING THE RED FLAG .1 111 the midst of that scene of uproar, excitement, and mistrust, ready to recommence anarchy and destruction, one deed—a great and good deed —was done, however, upon which, probably, depended for the time the destiny I of France, perhaps of the whole world and it was done by Lunartine, the man of imagination, and not of action (except in moments, when he can act a part before the face of the world)—the poet-statesman,' as he will henceforward be called by his allies, and glory in the name—once the ardent legitimist—then the pretender to power under Louis Philippe—now the republican. Upon the barricades had I)teii r;tisel waved alo t the red ftig of revolution it even then waved over the Hotel de Vilie; but to that blood-red banner popular fancy had ¡¡lwavs attachrd the idea of a republic of violence, war and revenge; it was tile bloody pirate ft ig of propagan- dism by force of arms—the symbol of a rule of terror by the scaffold. This Lamartine' knew: the policy which he intended to put forward as his own was to be that of peace and order, and tolerance iand of that the tricolour flag was to be the emblem, as it had he-en the banner of tne reign which took for its motto, 1 Libeity and Public Order.' He knew too, probably, how easily the French might be led away by the outward show, and engage their future sentiments in their outward symbols and he felt that in the change of colours on a flag-staff lay the present fate of Paris, of France, of the rille on which he had staked his own destinies. In the face of the waving crowd of those thousands of stormy men, choking in mauif Id group the square, he stood before the gale- way of that. picturesque historical old building—upon those steps on which so many scenes of history had already passed, and none more important in its results than this —pale, but erect, and seemingly resolute. The picture was a grand one, and may be often painted in future davs He pre'l'tj't'a the tricnlilur fta in his hand, tore down the blood red banner Then, even then, was lie, who again afterwards fell so low in the awards of history, the man of the moment—the man of courage —the man of right feeling that deed was to make him, for the time, the hero of France, the respected of Europe. It was done at the hazard of his life; for, at the siht of this suspicious deed in the face of a mistrustful crowd, a single cry, I Lie is a traitor! he deceives us!' might have been the signal for his death and guns, swords, pikes, daggers, every instrument of death, were at that moment presented at his head. Yes, he was the man of the moment. He made a powerful appeal—one of those appeals that became words in history. He spoke of the triumphant colours that had gone round the world he declared that none other ought to be waved aloft in the new republic he flattered with poetic and powerful lan- guage the instincts of the mob and he touched them he communicated one of those electric flashes of simul- taneous sentiment which sometimes pervade crowds, thrilling through all frames alike at once, as if it were a supernatural influence, but which few mortal men know how to direct, when, and far less as they would. The electric shock ran through the armed infuriated mob; guns, swords, and pikes were lowered; 'Vive Lamartine!' issued from every mouth; the tri-colour banner was raised, acceptcd, recognised as the nationa standard the cause of humanity was signed— for the time at least. When Lamartine, after a sitting of sixty hours in the labours of the Provisional Government at the Hotel de Ville, returned to his own house, it was with difficulty that he could escape from the throngs who received him with acclamation on his passage, or disembarrass himself from the embraces of his admirers. At that time men kissed the skirts of his coat." —Pic- tures from Revolutionary Paris, by J. Palgrave Simpson. ——— .0 ————

"Genius," says Reynolds, "is a mind of large ge- neral powers, accidentally directed to some particular pursuit." Politeness is like an air-cushion—there may be nothing solid in it, but it eases jolts wunderfully.-l'ulIch's Almanack. Wise men are instructed by reason men of" less understanding by experience; the most ignorant by necessity, and beasts by nature --Cicero. If you are at a public dinner, and find a difficulty in getting any one to wait upon you, catch a waiter, and tell him to take to the gentleman opposite Lord Fitzdrowsky's compliments, and he will be happy to take wine with him." It is astonishing the cluster of white necked gentlemen you will have around you for the remainder of the evening.—Punch's ?M<t?nc?. HEIGHT OF IMPLDRNCH.—The tax-gatherer calling for a Christmas-box.—Punch. A LITTLE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM.—Bag- man (with his bill) I say, waiter, hav'n't you charged me as a gentleman ? Waiter: Oh, no as a commer- cial traveller.—Comic Almanack. Louis NAPOLEON'S LIVERY.—His servant's livery is precisely the same as that of the Emperor's—a green coat with gold buttons, black silk stockings, and plush shorts. Owing to the great afflux of visitors, two days of the week have been fixed upon as reception days.- Morning Chronicle. THE LAST ABDICATION.—His Majesty, the So- vereign People of France, has just abdicated in favour of Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. — Punch. ROYAL PltESENT.-The Queen of Spain has lately sent each of the noblemen who have admission to her supper parties 1,000 regalia cigars as a mark of her esteem. AN INDEPENDENT HUSBAND.—" Ah John, you won't have me much longer; I shall never leave this bed ali%c Please thee self, Betty, and thee' 11 please I," replied John with great equanimity. I have been a trood wife to you, John," persisted the dying woman. iAi iiiiillti, Betty, middlin," responded the matter-of-fact husband. A DAINTY MORSEL.—An old woman, on being asked how she was by a servant of the writer's, replied, Why John, I feel much better since my dinner I have had quite a treat to-day." What was that r" said John. Oli, a diiiiier just to my likitig-a suit herring, with greens and treacle LONG (OR SHORT) CREDIT.—Some time since a per- son at Chelmsford, more ingenious than scrupulous, paid a tradesman for sumc goods by a bill at two months but on presenting it at the expiration of that period, the owner found it was payable two months after death in- stead of after date. — Trade Protection Circular. AFFECTION'S OFFERING. Read ppoth?t me, but not, my got Down will I h)\e if me love for- And you lnvo you that love for be Up and yoa if you should you must IIOI.LOWAY'S PILLS. — EXTRAORDINARY CUKE OF As líDf\J "remiah C'v,(' res¡tlin at iNo. 1, Compton- piac", Brunswick-square, had suffered from a chronic asthma for more than three years. This poor man was so great a sufferer, that he did not dare to ,o to bed for fear of the phlegm choking him indeed, he could not lay his head upon a tabie fnr half an hour, lest lie should be suffocated. Nevertheless this person is now labouring from morning to night, sleeps as well as ever he did in his life, and in fact is completely cured by the uee of Holjoway's pills.

FOREIGN ILLIGECE. I FRANCE.—The Moni'eur puulishcd a decree, signed by the president of the republic, re-establishing the five proiessi.rships of the college of France, suppressed on the 71h of Aoril by the provisional government, and np- pointing the following profersors —Political Economy, M. Michel Chevalier; of Niitiii-e tiiil Nations, M. de Portets Comparative Legislation. M. Lenninier; Turkish Language, M. A. Desranges; Latin Poetry, M. Tipot. In the national assembly on Wednesday, the debate was commenced on the hill relative to the alt- <lutie.s. M. Avond and M. C>>rdier spoke at co:¡sidprable length in favour of the immediate and total abolition of the tax. M. Ilippolvte Passy, the new minister of the finances, on the contrary, contended for the in gent ite- cessity of continuing the tax, on the ground of the de- ficiency of the revenue to meet the expenses of the state. The finances of the republic were in the most embar- rassed condition, and the reduction of a tax which pro- duced 70,030,000fs. would undoubtedly produce a terrible disaster. The outline of the proposed policy of the new French Government, sketched by M. Odillon Barrot in the National Assembly, is likely to be satisfactory both to Frenchmen and foreigners. The principle of choosing the Government from among the different parties who coalesced to secure the election of Napoleon is wise in policy as well as constitutional. Such' a Ministry of course cannot expect to possess stability^'unless that be earned by services hereafter The ereattire of a special combination of circumstances, rather tllfin representing a policy, it does not contain within itself Strength enough to resist any great disturbing caose. The absence of M. Thiers from the Ministry would secdlt to favour the opinion that its existence is likely to be temporary only. Ihis statesman would never wiilingly allow the glory of consolidating France to be borne off bv another. Can it be that the Historian of the Empire awaits the moment when he will be the chief Minister of Napoleon the Second ? The new Ministry will, to all appearance, have to encounter no little opposition in the Chamber, but it is likely to come from a quarter more noisy than menacing. Already M. Ledru Rollin has commenced an attack on the Government for having nominated General Changar- nier to the joint command of the army and of the National Guard. The Ministers only defend the appoint- ment on exceptional grounds, referring to the last disturbances, and alleging the necessity for concentrating the military force in single hands. The President, too, is no doubt glad of an opportunity of playing off General Changarnier against General Cavaignac. The defeat of the new Ministry in the Chamber on the question of the salt duties is a sinister-omen-but remediable. The new Government promise economy and financial order at home, and peace with foreign nations. Let this programme be adhered to, and the French, whether Republican or Imperialist, will have nothing to fear. The Evenement publishes the following letter, as hav- ing been addressed by Abd-el-Kader to the President of thé Rppllblic ;— To Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, President of the Republic—The Emir Abd-el-Kader detained with his family in the Chateau of Amboise. I will die in prison if unexampled rigours condemn me to do so, but never will I be brought to lower my character.'—Prince Louis Napoleon, at Ham. God is great, and Mahomet is his prophet. May this God of clemency, under whose protection the Na- tional Assembly has placed the French Constitution, in- spire the chiefs of the Republic with an act of justice and humanity, which will give to all the nations of the globe a high opinion of the hospitality of France, which country is already renowned by her bravery and chivalrous spirit at all times. When, guided by my confidence in the bravery and the promise of the French, I came to place myself and mine under the protection of France, by giving myself up to General Lamoriciere, at that time Commandant of the province of Oran, I received the formal promise that I should be sent to the noble land -of France, and be afterwards conveyed to Egypt, and from thence to Syria, near the sacred tomb of the Prophet, that I might enlighten myself with new light, and my days be wholly devoted to the happiness of my family, and far from the hazards of war, the theatre of which I abandoned for ever to the dominations of France, in execution of the will of the Almighty, who lowers or raises empires as he pleases. Far from these sacred promises having been fulfilled, I and mine have been subjected to captivity, without being able to calise justice to be rendered to me. Napoleon, after his abdication in 181o, went to seat himself at the British hearth, and notwithstanding the sympathies which his great defeat inspired, English policy inflicted oil him torture on the rock of St. Helena One of his noble nephews has also been subject to exile iniprisontjieiit But moral tortures have an end. God so wills it, and enlightens the temporal govern- ment. If the misfortunes with which I have been assailed in my family, which has been decimated since my captivity-if the sufferings of my poor mother, old and infirm, can excite some interest in the hearts of the French people, and especially in those of wives and mothers, I demand of the chief of the French Govern- ment to fldfil the promises that were made to me by the Generals of Africa, and to accord me the liberty of going on parole, with my family, into Syria to follow the pre- cepts of our religion. Grateful for such an act of clemency and justice, I would pray our God to bestow on France and her chiefs all his great consolations and blessings. I rely on the wisdom of (he President of the Republic and of the National Assembly. "The Emir ABD-VL-KADER. Amboise, 27 Moharrem, 123-5 (Dec. 23, 18i8)." AUSTRIA. I The interest of Austrian affairs is at present centered in Hungary. The Magyar population of that kingdom are trying a fall with the imperial power. The- a»bo*t- ig'ht('d splfihn('ss whi('h allmYl'c1 the Hungarians to leave the democratic party in Vienna and Austria Proper to their fate is now recoiling upon them. The wnole force of the empire is now concentrated upon their coun- ti-y and it is not disguised that their political subjuca- tion is the object. The Austrian statesmen, we are told, wish to build a legislative and territorial union on the ruins of an unsuccessful rebellion and the conduct of England towards Ireland is pointed to as a precedent. But there are many difficulties to be got over before Count Stadion will find himself in the position held by Mr. Pitt in 1800. Meanwhile the war is progressing. The Hungarians under Kossuth, are drawing the Im- perialists under Windischgratz into the heart of their country. There, perhaps, defeat may await them, were it not that on the north and on the south there are imperial generals, with forces sufficient to establish, in conjunction with Windischgratz, a complete military cordon round the Hungarians. The latter now fight for their national independence, threatened by Austria in revenge for the aggressive manifestations of Hungary in the earlier part of the year. They also dispute the title of the young Emperor to the Hungarian throne, con- tending that, according to the constitution and rights of Hungary, he cannot assume it except with the formal consent of the people. The coming struggle, even should it be a brief one, will possess a deep interest for Europe. The downfall of a monarchy and nationality more than a thousand years old .is not, even in a revo- lutionary epoch, an event to be regarded with indiffer- ence. Count Stadion and his colleagues faithfully adhere to the policy they have marked out Discarding for ever the system of Metternich, they seek to constitutionalise the whole of the many nations under the imperial sway. Together, with this, they aim at centralising the adminis- trative power of the empire. Count Stadion has propounded to the Diet a plan of internal government by which the empire is to be divided into departments, with regular municipal officers, not paid by the State, but discharging their functions gratuitously, and elected by the people. A more remarkable sign of the times we have not met with. PRUSSIA. I Affairs in Prussia present but few features of interest during the temporary abeyance of excitement occasioned by the dissolution of the Assembly. The approaching elections form the chief, if not the sole, subject of atten- tion, and there is at present every reason to believe that a more moderate chamber, composed of more enlightened and better educated persons than the last, will be returned A singular dispute helps to arouse public attention from utter apathy. The well-known leader of the Democrats, Waldeck, holds a judicial office. The other judges object to sit with him because lie supported the vote for the non-payment of taxes, on account of which a Government prosecution hangs over his head and that of other deputies. Waldeck maintains the distinction between his judi- cial and legislative functions, and refuses to resign. The King of Prussia proclaims that he will not be Em- peror of Germany unless with the consent of the other sovereigns and states and at the same time his old phrenzy has returned on the subject of war. He regards the election of Napoleon as the signal for another Rhenish war, and has ordered a corps of observation there. He would fain be Imperator in fact, if he cannot be Emperor in name. THE GERMAN PARLIAMENT. I The Frankfort Assembly still proceed with their solemn farce, the framing a constitution for the Em- pire," although the primary conditions on which that Empire is to be formed have not yet been agreed upon. The resolute determination of the new Aus- trian Government not to allow itself to be ab- sorbed by that of Frankfort seems very much to have puzzled the latter. By a strange freak, the late Minister, Von Schmerling, has been sent to Vienna to ascertain finally the sentiments of Austria; which, how ever, are not very likely to change on this subject. The King of Prussia, as we have already observed, has inti- mated that he will not accept the Imperial Crown, if offered to him, unless with full assent of the other German States which is as much as to say that he will be very ready to make use of the Frankfort Parliament as an instrument to procure his election, but will not attribute to them any superior power in Germany. The King as Bavaria is not the less disposed to resist the dictation of the Frankfort men probably because they threaten to titter to Prussia a dignity to which the ambition of Maximiiian leads him to aspire, if Austria withdraws from the contest. Lerchenfeld, the late Minister of the Interior, was a supporter of the German Central Power. His resignation may be con- sidered as an evidence that Bavaria will not be dic- tated to. THE UNITED STATES.—The royal mail steamer Bri- tmmin, Captain Lang, arrived on Thursday, with dates from Boston to the 13th, and Halifax to the i-ith instant, which is a week later than the last arrival. There was little political news although congress had been met a a week, the business done was insignificant and uninte- resting. The cholera, which, by the last advices, was reported to have broken out at New York, had created great alarm, but the eases were not numerous. The general condition of bnsiurss was sound and easy. The weather continued unusually mild, and no interruption had occurred in interior navigation. Mrs. Fanny Kem- ble Butler had put in her answer to the petition of her husband for a divorce. The answer concluded as follows —" I haVe obeyed the libelant's summons, and have come for my own sake, my children's sake, and the truth's sake, to repel, if possible, the accusation which he has brought against me, and avoid, which I trust in God I may do, a sentence which would brand me as a bad wife, a bad mother, and a bad woman. In conclu- sion, I ask that my cause shall be tried by a jury, on an issue or issues, to be formed according to the provisions gf the act of assembly .in such case made and provided."

THE PAST REMARKABLE YEAR. [From the Our annual retrospect become', we must acknowledge it at once, somewhat embarrassing at the close of a year so wonderful in its character and so fruitful in its occur- rences as the year 1818—the year which beyond all others is entitled to the appellation of the Annus Mira- bilis. It has been already christened the ear of political eve«ts it has proved unprecedented in almost every particular. The terror excited during the past twelve months by the anarchy looming upon us through the bloody haze" of insurrection, in which the whole continent of Europe was enveloped, derived a very extra- ordinary enhancement from the dismay excited by the impending scourge of the Asiatic Cholera. Added to this, the inhabitants even of those countries which were the least affected by the general convulsion found ample cause for lamentation in the scarcity of provisions, in the absence of employment, in the stagnation of industry, in a commercial and financial panic, such as had seldom, if ever before been experienced, in the anticipation of revolt, in the distracting fluctuations of the money market, in the anguish of a severe and increasing mortality, and in a variety of other strange and bewilder- ing calamities. If, like the earlier fugitives from the first French Revolution, we hurried from the crimes and wretchedness of the more populous regions of the globe, and sought consolation amidst the more unfrequented tracks of the ocean, or across the ice mountains of the arctic circle, our sympathies were oppressed with doubts as to the safety of Sir John Franklin and his companions, or our imaginations were startled by the rumoured re- appearance of the sea-serpent. Sins of a diabolical character were perpetrated in the very heart of the domestic tranquillity of England, which added a new horror to that originating in the catastrophes of gigantic empires. From the miserable concubine who strangled her two children on the 1st of January, in the madness of a momentary paroxysm of jealousy, or from the mur- der of a soldier in St. James's-park by a pistol-shot fired by the delicate hand of a grisette, down:to the tragical assassination of the Recorder of Norwich and his son, under circumstances as melodramatic as any one of the romantic incidents depicted by the morbid colouring of De Balzac Nor have these obscure and individual atro- cities been unaccompanied by disasters of a wholesale and appalling character. One while the sanctity of the grave was violated, and the dead burnt in their shrouds by the flames accidentally kindled among the coffins in the vaults of St., Saviour's Church, Southwark. At another moment a tremendous conflagration carried desolation and destruction through the streets of Albany. In August, one hundred emigrants were lost in the blazing ruins of the Ocean Monarch while in Decem- ber, seventy-three were suffocated in the steerage cabin of the Londonderry. Disease or conspiracy mowed down, at the same time, in the very thick of events, men whose careers were conspicuous, or whose names had long been recorded in the catalogue of the illustrious. Here the Archbishop of Canterbury (Howley) died in his bed in the fulness 'of years—there, the Archbishop of Paris (Affre) perished at the foot of a barricade, bearing the olive-branch to the blood-stained rebels of the faubourgs, and dispensing his benedictions over the heads of the very ruffians who had rendered him the martyr of Peace and Patriotism. From the political world of England two men of prominent talents and of opposite principles have been hurried out of the arena of Parliament. One, the leader of the Opposition, was struck down by a spasm of the heart in the meadow-lands of Nottingham the other, for several years the Prime Minister of Great Britain, breathed his last at his ancestral mansion in Hertfordshire. Among the literary characters of Eng- land we have lost, towards the close of 1818, a dis- tinguished critic and biographer in the person of Sir John Barrow; while Europe hid to lament towards the commencement of 1818 the demise of Frantjois Rene de Chateaubriand, the panegyrist of Christianity. Whilst these casualties have afforded a melancholy illustration of the vicissitudes of fortune and of the evanescence of life—terrible crimes have imparted infamy to the recollections of the people and their rulers. The blood of assassination has polluted the weapons of demo- cracy and of despotism the blood of Lamberg has des- cended upon the Hungarians, that of Latour upon the Viennese, that of Rossi upon the R;¡11Ians, that of Duvivier upon the conspirators of June, that of the Neapolitans upon their Sovereign, that of Blum and of Messenhauscr and of a multitude of other victims, upon the effete Government of the Austrian dynasty. But if these criminal acts cast a gloom over the narrative of the events of twelve months of miracles, the remembrance of the heroic and glorious deeds achieved by the Continental races, and by their gifted leaders, will not be lost to the admiration of posterity. So long as the sublimities of virtue and the marvels of "alanr can be appreciated by the human intellect, so long will these things be cherishcd as the prototypes of true civism and of exalted sclf-forgetfulness. Pcpe fighting for the nationality of the Italians in Lombard)' — Cabrera losing all his ancient ferocity when struggling to power among the cities of Catalonia—Kossuth cheering on his compatriots in the regions of the Danube —Mazzini exerting his intellect and raising his imp;¡sioned voice among the crags of Switzerland —Lamartine darin death for the gake of freedom, and conquering the diabolical strength of Terrorism by his grand and historical utterances;—all I constitute in themselves a spectacle such as might arouse even the most indolent to activity, and excite even the most apathetic to enthusiasm. Month after month the noise of the "agonies of grea) nations" h\s res()llude,1 to us across the waters of the C;¡annd-th" detonations of those social earthquakes which have subverted thrones, shaken cities into ruin, diiven forth the most powerful statesmen as fugitives, and strewn the earth with the cadaverous relics of civil battle. In January the excitement, caused hy thp recep- tion of Espartero at Madrid had scarcely subsided when the city of Palermo was bombarded by the Neapolitan Monarch —the Two Sioilies were involved in the perils of an intestine conflict. In February the monarchical sys- tPnJ which had been embodied in the younger branch of the Bourbons was suddenly annihilated, and in a moment, as it %vere, the gigantic form of the Republic rose from the chaos of the explosion-" like an exhalation"—like the palace of Pandemonium. IIT March the hoary sway of Metternich crumbled into dust, and simultaneously the Posenese revolted against Prussia, while the Lom- bards marched to victory under the banners of Sardinia. In April the Chartist riots evoked fr'1\\ the citizens of Londnn that magnificent evidence of their love for order and of their devotion to the Constitution, which still thrills us with emotions of satisfaction. In May the diplomatic relations between the Cabinets of Victoria and Isabella were abruptly severed asunder by the ig- nominious expulsion of our ambassador at the bthest of the irritable and insolent Sotomayor. In June the streets of the beautiful capital of France were delivered up for four days to the fury of the demons of insurrection, leaving 10,000 corpses as the attestations of their in- humanity. In July a rebellion, which was attempted by the Irish demagogues, led only to the disgrace of the lat- ter near Balingarry, and to the suspension of the Ha- he; Corpus in the sister country by order of the two Houses of Parliament. In August a collision again raged in the public places of Vienna between the work- men and the military. In September the efforts of the Magyars to accomplish the labour of their emancipation was renewed. In October the Austrian Emperor was a second time obliged to escape from the Castle of Schoen- brunn, and the Viennese held for the time being in their grasp the destinies of several distinct nations. In Ao- vember, the revolutionists of Germany were silenced by the guns of Windischgratz, and pillaged by the savages of Jellachich while Pope Pius IX. was compelled to fly from the Papal dominions to seek protection from murderers in the Neapolitan sea-port of Gaeta. In De- cember a youth of eighteen ascended the throne of Ro- dolph, and the son of Hortense Beatiharnais occupied one of the palaces of the Emperor Napoleon, in virtue of his right as President of the French Republic. Look- ing back through the darkness and confusion of these twelve memorable months, we can well appreciate that thrilling exclamation of Macaulay, that at moments we are ammst forced to doubt whether or not we shall sacrifice Liberty to save Civilization!"

Parties should be aware that any one who purchases a share in a Derby Sweep is liable to a penalty of 40s. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United King- dom, for nominating, constituting, and appointing Matthew Talbot Baines, Esq., to be a Poor-Law Com- missioner for England, in the room of Charles Buller, Esq., deceased. ECCLESIASTICAL PROPERTY.—Wre understand that a new commission is contemplated to inquire into the state of the law respecting the letting and management of ecclesiastical property, with a view to legislation on this important subject. The matters to be investigated are of themselves of a sufficiently extensive and com- plicated nature to require the deepest attention and the persons selected for the task will not at all interfere with the duties or the construction of the Ecclesiastical Commission, but will be employed upon a field of labour and inquiry entirely distinct. It is well known that complaints have been incessantly made from various sources of the mismanagement of church and college estates, the greater part of which is to be attri- buted to the state of the law, which has remained, with scarce any change, what it was in the days of Elizabeth and which not only impedes improvement, but holds out too many temptations to abuse. The short terms of leases given by bishops and other dignitaries of the church, and by ecclesiiistica! corporations were in them- selves the greatest obstacles to any beneficial outlay on these properties; whilst even the short period of three years or 20 years' lease was often turned to improper account and a nominal rent only (with large fines) demanded from tenants thus favoured. The evils of the system have been long and universally admitted, and it is certainly time to look out for a general and comprehensive remedy.— Observer. FEIGNED DISFASF.-Tlie juice of various plants, as for instance, the clematis or rhus radicans, causes, as is well known, pretty sharp inflammation of the skin and impostors, who spcculatc upon public charity., have often recourse to them, in order to give rise to fictitious sores, which at once move the charitable and humane. The law in France punishes deception of this descrip- tion pretty sharply.—Lancet. [This manoeuvre has lately been much iu vogue in Carmarthenshire by tramps. A BON VIVANT'S "MOMENTOUS QUESTION."—A Mr. R a Wine-merchant, was very intimate with Fauntlerov, and with a few friends was in the habit of dining with him frequently. On these occasions, when the party was not too large, the host would produce some very choice old Lunelle wine, of which was exceedingly fond, but Fauntlcroy could never be pre- vailed upon to say where he got it or how it could be obtained. When the latter was under sentence ot death, his old associate-, visited him repeatedly, and at their last interview, the night before hi* execution, R after having bid him farewell with the rest, on a udden paused in the prison passage, returned to the cell, and said in a low voice to the criminal, You'll pardon my pressing the subject, but. now, at all events, my dear friend, you can have no objection to tell me where I can get some of that Lunelle,"Barham's Lift of Th-eodor* tfocA.

I THE GOLD COUNTRY OF CALIFORNIA. I The Morning Herald publishes the following letter from a private correspondent, in Califurnia;- SEN BLAS, SEPT. the spring of this year some settlers were excavating a millrace in the neighbourhood of the Sacramento, a river about 30 miles tlJ tbp north of San Francisco,having its rise in the Californian mountains, and navigable for boats for 100 tniies. It falls into the sea in the Bay of San Pablo, as do also two other rivers, the San Joachim and Jesus Maria. In the course of their work they met with several pieces of heavy yellow-coloured metal, which, being of a sufficiently peculiar nature to excite curiosity, were speedily discovered to be gold of great purity. For some time they preserved their secret, and are supposed to have gathpred a very considerable quantity before it transpired. At lenth an Indian surprised them while occupied in searching, anil although they endeavoured to divert his attention, and detained him for tii,.ie, he acquainted his tribe, by whose means it soon became known in the country. Such an unheard-of circumstance caused great surprise and some curiosity, but a few having tried for themselves, and having become most satisfactorily convinced of its truth, all other pursuits were abandoned, and all hands hastened to the" dig- gings"—the expressive but inelegant name given to the gold cguntry. In the course of three months, 4,000 people collected, digging and scraping early and late. One man in one day gathered gold to the value of jEI.80 sterling, and though this is a singular case, yet the common wages is JE3 4s. per day, with subsistence to any man who will dig for a certainty in preference to working the speculation on his own account: but this is almost universally re 'jecte,l for every one is dis- contented with his day's labour, and removes to another part of his diggings, who does not pick up the value of from jE6 to f8 a day. One gentleman who employed eight Indians, cleared in three days E320 by gold, and £180 by merchandise; in all £.500, A blanket, that cost 1(13. sold for more than E20 and even now they are selling wholesale in San Francisco for JE3 a pair. Bowie knives, worth from 8s. to 12s. each, sold for £ 12 sterling. Another searcher in four weeki made 91.200. One man left, after a few day's collecting, with 251b weight of gold, and another is said to have sent down 1251b. Merchants were offering seamen as much as £16 per month, which was refused, since in the launches employed in carrying goods and passengers to and fro, the men get E30 per month, and the master, £ 60; but even at this rate they will not work more than two or three voyages during the sickly season, no remuneration being sufficient to keep them from this literal field of gold." All this time, when many have left the river during the prevalence of fever, the commonest workmen get from 24s. to 32s. a day; and at the end of next month, when the healthy recommences, one and all will be off to the harvest. The merchant vessels lie neg- lected in Yerba Buena Bay in one instance all hands without exception, deserted, leaving the master, who was also fortunately the owner of the vessel (the Janet, English barque,) to follow their example. The very earth for some distance throughout the neighbourhood is impregnated with gold dust, but this is thrown aside as not worth the labour of washing. A case is men- tioned in the local paper, that five loads of earth which had been dug out and sold for £ 160 yielded, after wash- ing, £ 4,000. A knife was the only instrument used by the early excavators to collect the precious mineral.and one gentleman, being somewhat fatigued, and left behind for a short time by his companions, lay down and ex. tracted the ore with his penknife; the later visitors afterwards used pick and shovel, and these are as yet the only assistants to human strength employed. The earth was rinsed and separated from the metal in has- kets or tin pans; and now a kind of rude trough or cradle is used, having a double end, with larger or smaller orifice. The gold is found in three forms- granulated, of the size of medium gun-powder, and mixed with iron in small scales or lamirue, of from l-8th to l-12th of an inch in diameter and in solid lumps, of from half-an-ounce to four pounds in weight, which last is the heaviest, T know, though many much larger are spoken of. The latter forlll is frequently found ad. hering to the rocks in the bed of the river,and many fine pieces have been gathered as one wodd gather limpets, from the crevices and holes left dry at low water. Up to the middle of September the quantity known to be gathered is to the value of £ -550,000, and this does not include considerable amounts of which no account could be obtained. It is confidently believed by the best informed, that the outskirt ollly of the great gold region has been touched on more than one instance has happened of men who had encouutered the shining substance in their p Issage westwards across the moun- tains, and viewed it with indifference as some valueless substance, but who quickly retraced their steps on hear- ing it to he gold. The Mormons, driven by persecution from their native country, have been among the most considerable gainers. The entire extent of country abounding in this amazing wraith is considered to be considerably underrated at 500 square miles, and the depth to which it extends is of course entirely unknown. The Indians inhabiting the districts freely give its weight in gold for a silver dollar. Of the state of a society gathered from all parts, and composed of men of every nation, it is difficult to speak; hitherto the unbounded gratification of the strongest of passions, the love of gain, has prevented the development of the bad feelings of such a ii)otl y community, and but fe*v cases of outrage have yet occurred; but, in the absence of competent legal power or regular authority, this state of things cannot be expected to continue, and the arrival of greater numbers in the next year will probatdynive rise to commotion. Gambling, under the form of monte, the universal game of the south-.vest continent, is car- ried on to a great extent, and g'olJ of the value of £9 has been given for two bottles of brandy.

A PARACHUTE FOR COALPITS.—To descend into I mines and coal-pits, and to ascend by means of vertical I ladders, are operations so fatiguing that the pitman pre- fer, in spite of the regulations which forbid it, to expose their lives to the risk of the strength of a rope, which, unfortunately, often breaks, and precipitates thein to the bottom. We attended, iast Wednesday, an experiment on a large scale, which UetiiortKti c.leil, in the most efficient manner, that henceforth this danger no longer exists for the pitmen. By nwans of an extremely simple appara- tus, the cuifat remains suspended in the middle of the shaft when the rope breaks. This trial was not made by means of a working model, but in a pit of some depth the apparatus was worked by men who remained sus- pended in the well when the rope broke short otl. For the future the parachute for coal-pits is no longer a theory its efficacy is now established by practical facts. The effect of this apparatus was shown before a nume- rous company, comprised of men of information, the gr'-ater nart familiar with the working of mines. Their satisfaction was so great that they spontaneously offered to the inventor to make affidavit on the spot of the facts to which they had been witnesses. Amongst the party was a gentleman who wished the experiment to be tried upon himself; the rope having snapped he and the workman accompanying him were spontaneously stayed without feeling the slightest shock. We shall not fail to acquaint our readers of the new appplications which will not fail to be mad., of this invention, doubly interesting, whe- ther looked upon in a humane point of view, or as a matter of economy in the working of mincs.-Brussels Herald. THE "DAILY NEWS."—It is said that Mr. Bright, M.P., and two or three other persons have bought the Daily Nezes; Mr. George Wilson, the chairman of the late Anti-corn-law League, is to be manager in con- junction with Mr. Dilcke, the present editor. The paper is to be made the full size of the London morn- ing journals, and the price is to be advanced from 3d. to .5d. PROPHECY OF NIXON.—A prophecy of this famed Cheshire prophet, from the papers at Vale Royal, is now excitin considerable attention It is, When a fox without cubs shall sit in the pulpit of the white Chapel of England, then men shall travel to Paris without horses, and kings shall run away and leave their crowns." It is a singular fact, that the present incum- bent of Daresbury (the White Chapel of England) is the Rev. Mr. Fawkes, who is unmarried. The striking accomplishment—railway travelling and the revolutions of the present year—must be obvious to every one. RAILWAY INDEMNITY FUND.-The authorities of the London and North-Western Company have adopted the principle of the income tax, for the purpose of securing themselves against loss from the delinquency of any of their servants, namely, that from Id. to 4d. in the pound shall be deducted from the salaries of all the officers of the company, mechanics, porters, police- men and directors excepted. That the money so de- ducted shall form a fund, to be called "mutual assu- rance fund," and that out of such fund shaH be made good the defalcations of the character adverted to. [A more inif^Tiitous principle it is scarcely possible to con- ceive.-En. W.] THE OWNEIIS Of THE NATIONAL DF.BT.-On the 5th of July last, there were 284,127 persons entitled to receive dividerfls in the funds in other words, of the whole national debt. Of these no fewer than 275,721 received sums not exceeding E200 each. There were 96,415 not exceeding £ 5; 44,977 over £5 and not exceeding £ 10; 96,025 not exceeding £.50; 24,462 not exceeding ;CIOO and 13,882 not exceeding £200. There were 4032 persons receiving more than 1200 and not exceeding £ 300 2647 not exceeding £ 500; 1222 not exceeding £ 1000; 328 not exceeding £2000; and 177 exceedinc, E2000 per annum. CASTING OIL ON THE TROUBLED WATERS.—On Tuesday, the Fortschrit, of Stettin, bound to Dublin, was lost on the North, sand. On the vessel striking, the master and crew, eight in number, got into the long-baat, startin a large quanty of oil overboard, which prevented the sea, as they went before it, across the sand, from brpakip into their boat. This novel expedient preserved their Ih'es, as the boat would otherwise h??e been swamped, and they must all have perished. They were thus able to crjss the sand, and were picked up and landed at Ramsgate. A SINGULAR CllAB.-To the list of marvellous things is now to be added a full-grown crab, bearing on its back, in addition to its natural burden, no less than two score and a half of oysters, the whole being appa- rently as firmly imbedded in the shell as though they were a proper part of it. This curiosity was shown by one of the Hull fishmongers. the game at present going on in France will Louis Napoleon lead up the King or play the Deuce? An answer will oblige. — Punch. LAw.-A SIIPLE QUESTION ANSWERED.—Boy — Papa, What's an Iu-ter-rrg-a-to-rv ?" Father— My dear, an Interrogatory is a very explicit riielliod, used principally in Chancery proceedings, for obtaining a correct answer to a simple written question. Tli,is- • Whether John Jones, on such a day, and at such a place, did, should, could, would, might, or ought; or whether lie didn't, %iouleiii't,rn;Lhtil't, or oughtn't, why didn't he, shouldn't he, couldn't he, wouldn't he, mightn't he. or oughtn't lie and if not on such a day, and at such a place, then whether at some cither, and what day and place he did, should, cou'el, would, might, or ought, or whether he didn't shonMu I couldn't, wouldn't mightn't or ouglitn't or unoer some other, and what peculiar, or if not peculiar, under some other and what circumstances and if not, why not, or how otherwise, do it' I'unr, THE LVTS CHARTIST TTIULS AT li.-r!IPOOL.-O" Saturday the following persons appeared be tore tbe Ashton bench, to enter into the required sureties to appear when called upon to plead to the indictment preferred against them at the late as"jze;j;- \Villiatn Aitken, himself in £ 100 and two sureties of JE50 each; Ja.nes Taylor, £ 50,, and two sureties of f,25 each James West. John Taylor, ind James Batty, in a similar amount, and all to keep the peace and be of good behaviour for two years. The following also entered into sureties to appear to receive judgment whet called upon, they having pleaded guilty to the severe indictments preferred against them :—Michael Morris* Thomas Lee*, and William Penny, of Hyde. The bail demanded of these men was, themselves in £ 50 eacho and two sureties of £ 25 each.—Manchester Examiner. BIIUTAL Mutti)Ei,A most cold blooded and deter- mined murder was committed on Saturday on a most un" offending man, Samuel Davis, surgeon, a native and resident of Letterkenning, Ireland, and where he haS for many years practised in his profession as a medical man. The doctor was absent all day; in the evening a man tall and thin in appearance, knocked at the doori and when the servant opened the same he appeared not willing to come forward, but said he wanted a doctor to go to a sick call at the new mill; she told him the doctor was not in in about half an hour after another man, stouter in make and taller, came and told her the same thing, when she said as you are in such a liurrf about the doctor, come in and see the mistress, and may be she can tell you where to find him," which the persoO refused to do. About twelve o'clock a voice was heard at the back door, saying, "Mrs. Barnard O'Donnell i& dying of the cramp in her stomach, and will not live fifteen minutes," and Is the doctor come Shortly afterwards the doctor came in, and after giving out some medicine for one of his patients to a person who came in with him for it, and before leaving the shop, a knock was heard at the shop door, and on the deceased opening it a shot was heard by Mrs. Davis, and ott running to the door she found him a lifeless corpse,- lying behind it; but the assassin had fled, and no trace has been yet found of him. The wound which caused the death was in the upper part of the sternum, to the left, where a large bullet passed through, coming out near the top of the left shoulder, behind, and, as ap- peared on the post mortem examination, completely lacerated the top of the arch of the aorta. The left lun was much shattered, and death must have beett instantaneous. The deceased bad lately ejected some tenants, and was also a party in a litigated family suit in Chancery; but it would be wrong to attach suspicion as- yet to any particular person. i DRINKING MATCH.—DEATH THE STAKEHOLDER.—- f On Friday, William Charistie, a pitman, 48 years of age, at Ir. Hall's public-house, Iletto ii-le- Hole, chal- lenged anybody to a drinking match; first drunk to pay the shot. John Dawson accepting the challenge, two bottles of rum and two wine glasses were brought. The landlord acted as bottle-holder for the deceased, and one of the company for Dawson. The rum was all consumed glass after giass, without water.—On the following Wednesday the challeng?r died. 011 the Friday an inquest was held; Verdict," Excessive Drink- ing. The conduct of Mr. Hall was severely blamed by the jury.

LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, DEC. 25. CORN MARKET, MARK-LANE, JAN. 2.—There was fair snpply of English wheat by land carriage samples this morning, which was taken off at last week's quota- tions. Free foreign met rather an improved inquiry at late rates, and bonded being in better demand was less easily purchased. We observe no alteration in the value of foreign barley the finest English barley is la., and secondary qualities are 2s. per qr. cheaper. Beans barely maintained former prices. Peas of all sorts must be written Is. per quarter lower. The oat trade is heavy, and sales are slow at our quotations. LONDON AVERAGES. 9 s. d. ;C. s. d. Wheat.. 3525qrs. 2 8 9 P,c 13 qrs. 16 8 Barley ,.2'TJG 1 12 I lipaiis 660 111 1 Oitts 4513 0 10 10 Peas.. 69) 1 19 0' GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF CORN. Week ending Dec. 23.—Imperial — General VVeekly. Average.—Wheat, 47s. 6d.; Barley, 31s. 4d.; Oats, 188 4d. Rye, 29s. Id.; Beans, 385. 7 d.; Peas, 37s. lOd. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governed Duty — Wheat, 49s. id.; Darlev, :,L!s. 3d.; Oats, 19s. Gd.: Rye, 39s. 0-1. Beans, Sis. 9s.; Peas, 3)i. 6J. PROVISION. M ARKETS, last week from Ireland were 1,050 firkins of Butter, and 270 bales of Bacon; and from foreign ports 1,1;50 casks of Butter. We have no material alteration to notice ia the IrNh Butter market during the past week. A mo- derate business was transacted at our Into quotations. Holders ate firm, the shipments from Ireland having fallen off considerably. Thi* best foreign has advanced j to 100s. to 102s. In the Bacon market we have to notice rather more inquiry for prime parcels landed, which are ij scarce, owing to the detention of the sailing vessels by contrary winds prices range from .50s. to ')')5" accord- ing to quality, &c. A few sales made free on board at 1 proportionate rate. ENOI.ISH BUTTER M\RKR.T.—With the new year should have been pleased'to report an improvement in our trade, but it is not so. Nothing but our very best autumn-made Butter in casks meets sale, and that at a still 1 further reduction in price. Middling and inferior articles •; remain with us as dead stock, upon which, if nothing \j unforeseen happen, a great loss must be made; the stock of Irish and Foreign Butter here being very heavy, and chiefiv of low qualities. We quote the prices al follows —Dorset, fine. 90s. to 94s. per cwt.; Dorset, middling, 7us. to 80s. ditto; Fresh, Ss. to Its. per I dozen. ) HOP MARKET, JAN. I.-We have a fair inquiry for the finer descriptions of Hops, at rather improved rates, but in other sorts we have a very limited business doinsr. TALLOW MARKET, MONDAY.—Since our last report this market, from the heavy stock of foreign and home- made Tallow, has ruled exceedingly dull, at a further decline in the quotations of from 6d. to 9d. per cwt. P.Y.C. on the spot is selling at only 42s per cwt. The transactions for forward delivery are trifling in the ex- treme. Town Tallow, 42s. 6d. to n- per cwt., net cash; rough fat, 2s. 4 id. to 2s. 5d. per Sibs. SMITHFIELD, JAN. I.-There were on sale in to-day's market 140 Oxen from Spain—a very unusual addition to the supply at this period of the year—in very inferior condition. With Beasts, Sheep, and Calves from Hol- land and Germany we were very scantily supplied. There was a considerable increase in the supply of Sheep, owing to which, the demand for that description of stock was heavy, at a decline in the prices of Monday last of quite 2J. per 81bs. The extreme ctirfepcy for the best old Downs was from 4s. 8d. to 4s. 10d. per 8lbs. Half breds and long wools were particularly dull. Although the supply of Calves was limited, the veal trade ruled dull; but we have no further decline to no- tice in prices. We have to report a slight improvement in the demand for the best Pigs, at full currencies. Otherwise, the pork trade was dull. To show the ex- tent of the heaviness of the trade in to day's market, we may observe that beef was selling at from 2d. to 10d., mutton, Gd., veal 10d., and pork, 2d. to 4d. per Slbs. lower than the corresponding period in 1848. Per SIbs. to sink the offil. -Co-.ttse and inferior beasts 3s. 4d. to 3s. 8d., second quality do. 3s. '0d. to 4s. 4d., prime large oxen 4s. 6d. to 4s. 8d., prime Scots, &c., 4s. lOd. to 5s. Od., course and inferior sheep, 3s. 8d. to 4s. Od., second quality do. 4s. 2d. to 4s. 6d. prime coarse woolled sheep 4s. 8d. to 5s. Od., prime South Downa 5.9. 2d. to 5s. 4d., large coarse calves, 4s. 4d. to 4s. 10d., prime small ditto 5s. Od. to .5s. 4d., large hogs 4s. Od. to 4s. 6d., neat small porkers 4s. 8d. to 5s. 2d., suckling calves 17s. to 24s., and quarter-old-store pigs 16s. to 2ls. each. Total supplies: Beasts 3,232, sheep 21,730. calves 81, pigs 300. Foreign: Beasts, 44, sheep 3170, cahes 81.

WEEKLY CALENDAR. THE :IOO:X'S CHANGES.—Full Moon on Monday, the 8th of January, at lOh. 50m. night. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES. FOR THE EXSlilXG WEEK. Carmar- Cardigan Tenby  DAYS. thRn]?u- and and ..r Hanetly. Bristol. Milford. "'?' 1-1 JAN. I H. M. H. r. H. M. H M. Saturday. 6 3 31 4 21 3 6 4 51 Sunday 7: 4 1 4 54 3 39 .5 24 Monday, g5 4 5 51 4 39 6 2-t Tuesday 9j 5 58 6 48 5 33 7 18 Wed 101 6 48 7 38 6 23 8 8 Thursday 111! 7 48 8 26 7 11 8 66 Friday .12,' 8 20 9 10 7 55 9 40

LONDON GAZETTE. BANKRUPTS.—( Friday, Dec. 29.)—F. W. Luck, Chel- tenham, tailor.-G. T. Saltmarsh, Iloundsditch, wine merchant.—J. S. Story, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, ban- ker.—R. S. Spurge, Ilolstead, Essex; linen-draper.-II. Cook, Studley, Wai wickshire, needle niinuf;icturer.-R. Minsion, Grantham, Lincoln, scrivener.—J. Whitworth, Leeds, millwright. —Samuel Taylor, Poynton, Cheshire, butcher. BANKRUPTS.—f Tuesday, Jan. 2).-C. Mayer, mer- chant, Mark-lane, City. —j. Tibbs, wine merchant,rail- way-place, Fenchurch-street. F. Bachcldor, hay and strany dealer, Queenborough, Isle of Sheppev. — H. E. Stevens, grocer, Gravs, Essex. — J. T. Bourne, earthenware dealer, Dilhorn, Staffordshire.—J. Fitzgerald, coal merchant, Portland-place.—J. Spender, builder, Brixton.—J. Alex- ander, merchant, Great. Winchester-street, City.-J. W. Ainbtose, stationer, Bangor, Carnarvonshire. —R. Mat- thews, baker, East. Reach. Somersetshire.—G. T. Arnold, news agent, Liverp >ol. — A. K. Taylor, draper, Ledbury, Herefordshire—W. Okill, sharebroker, Liverpool.—J. Johnston, tea dealer, St. Thomas the Apostle, Devon- shire. — M. Grant, grocer, Bradford, Yorkshire.—Henry Rotherluira, plumber, Chesterfield.

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDER" RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS: — LONDON: MESSRS. Barker and White, 33, Fleet-street; Messrs. Newton and Co., Warwick-square; Mr. Ot Itcynell, 12, Chancery-lane Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook. near theMansion House, Mr. Hammond, 27, Loin* bard-street; W. Dawson and Son, 74, C iiinoii-street Mr. C Miteheii, Red Lion Court, Fleet-street; !\Ir- G. H. Street, 11, Ser le-street, London. Tins PAVV.R IS REGULARLY FILED by all the abo<« agents, and also at Peel's Coffee-House, No. 177 and 178, Fleet-street; Dcacon's Coffec-IIouse, WalbrooK » and the Auction Mart. Printed and Punished in Guildhall Square, mtheP?rt-'h? St. "PtPr- in the CountT of t'M Borough of Carmarthen. by the Proprietor, JOSKPH UEOINF.OTTOM. of L'icton Turrtfi* io Carmarthen aforesaid. FBIDAY, JANUARY 5, 1519.