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FOItEIGN INTELLIGENCE.

THE SOUDAN.

THE CHOLEHA.

THE BELGIAN EDUCATION I HILJJ,

I Tim MEETING OF TIIF I

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- - - '-IIR. GLADSTONE'S JOURNEY…

Til iC SOCIAL SCIKNC K

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!-T= - - -.1 Till," ALL RUED…

. TIlE G;'m;:.!!:\:\-K Fi'AUDS.I

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I _THE -EISTEDDFOD. I

SHOOTING ACCIDENT AT SWANSEA.

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THE CYMMER MANSLAUGHTERI CASE.

NOVEL MODE OF KILLING A BEAU.

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THE RECTOR OF MEBTHYR ON ,…

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THE RECTOR OF MEBTHYR ON CHARLES WILKINS'S "HISTORY OF THE LITERATURE OF WALES." TO THB EDITOR or TUB M WESTSRK MAIL." Sib,—I have just finished reading Chules I Wilkins's H History of the Literature of Wales"! And I think it my duty as a Welshman to say that Mr. Wilkins thoroughly deserves the thsnks of everyone who has at heart the reputation of his country for the production of this book. I will go further and say—aye, and challenge anyone to refute it-that, after Stephens's book, there has not been in this age any book yet printed in Welsh lor in English that can hold the candle to it. When I urged Air. Wilkins to print it I had never seen a line of it, nor had I the remotest Idea that it would be & book-as I am certain it will be- that shall henceforth, side by side with Stephens's —open the eyes of the world, and give people in general a very different idea of Welsh literature to what that commodity is usually supposed to be, In one sense it will have the advantage of Stephens's, it is more readable. It is not heavy and ponderous a bx>k which, in this hot weather, you ciinnot comfortably read without taking your cost off, and even your waistcoat. This is what Old Dalton used to call "nice parlour rending," fit for anyyoung lady who has grit enough to read a novel. And let me tell her she will find In these pages much matter infinitely more amusing than anything the can get in a modern novel. Plenty lof love making, banquets, balls, tournaments, jousting, knights, chevaliers, troubadours, castles and courts, bards and jesters. Here it is that Mr. Wilkins's book becomes of so much value. It brings before us most vividly the ways and manners in which our forefathers lived. Take the poem addressed by "Iolo Gooh" to Owain Glyndwr descriptive of the castle in which that Prince of Wales then lived. What can be finer or iiiire graphic? It ie admirably translated into English by that first-rate Welsh scholar Mr. Howel Lloyd. Would that we might persuade that gentleman to give usmore translations outof these dear old Welsh bards. The English-aye, and the Welsh aloo- would then think better of them than they now do. I confess not many years ago I was myself one of tlifi-ni scoffers, and I am heartily ashamed i of It. Except the writings of Davydd ab Gwilym, Cufor Glyn, Lewis Glyn Cothi, and a few more, I knew nothing of the rest. But a perusal of Ir, Wilkins's book has opened to me a new field of thought and thrown a flood of light on the whole question. And though this is not the moment for it, yet, beginning with the four. teenth century and ending with the seventeenth, I challenge all England, century for century, to a comparison with all Wales in this matter. For the first three of these centuries what can England show besides Chaucer, Gower, and Piers Plough* man? And with regard to one even of these- Gower-if not a Welshman horn, and that in the county of Cardigan, too, he was undoubtedly of Welsh origin. Was he not r,f tho Gowers of Castell Maelgwyn, Cardigan Town ? And is not there in the county of Glamorgan a whole penin- sula called Gower after his family, wh.) once possessed it? Here it is that Clurles Wilkins has done us so much good yeoman work. When we are acquainted with u tho poverty of our literature we have only to refer to his" History of the Literature of Wales" and say, There it is. Go, mad it. It is ready done for you in English. Think over it,. And if you will do so honestly you will find yourself like ancient Pistol, your muclwionoured forefather, forced to eat the Welsh look; and it is to be hoped it will not disagree with you, as it did with him." Another comfort to be derived from Mr. Wilkins's hook is a knowledge of the true position which the bards held in Wales in those old times. The Eng- lish mind, as read in books and told by mouth, is that the bsrjs wero of the lowest character, were rhyming roysterers, that wandered from one old castle to another, eating and drinking and Citrous* iug. and living for no other object, apparently. Of course, as in every other profession, there were in those days bards and bards; but the great bulk of thetu were gentlemen, educated and graduated members of Oxford and Cambridge Vnlvenoi. ties. "loloGoch," already referred to, was the Lord of Lledrvyd-a man who had a castle of his own, as Owain Glyndwr but Davydd ab Gwilyrn was a ripe scholar, as his poems abundantly iihow one well acquainted with Ovid-his favourite poet, himself Welsh Ovid—and Virgil, as well as all the classics read and known in that day. Titer, there w, Shone Ghent, a Doctor of Divinity of Oxford University. America w- not then discovered, so tho hun- dreds and thousands of Welsh and English D.D.'s which hail from thence now can claim no kindred with him. lIe wrote many books of Divinity. Some think he was a monk, as many of the bards were, but, whsteverhe was, he was a great accuser of the clergy. Their idle and luxurious lives; their elHineful neglect of their duties; their roystering, their false and wicked doctrine —these sins of theirs he was always reprehending, as his works still extant show. He says in one of his poems :— This was the blindness which prevailed: Images were more evented thttfi the adorable Worship, which was only due to Christ, Was rendered on both knees to a rotten linage. Indeed, the bards excel in this-liati-eci of the Catholic religion. Davydd ab Gwilvm seems to have lived for only two objects-love of Morfydd and hatred of the monks. Last of all that I can refer t,) now, thero was Lewis Glyn Cothi, & true gentleman and scholar, the first herald of his time, the highest qualifies- ion amongst Welshmen, His works have come down to us in great perfection. They are written in Welsh so simple I might almost say that anyone who can read his Bible in Welsh can also read Glyn Cothi, though it is 400 years ago since they were written. Certainly his,Welsh is much easier to read than a great deal of the Welsh of modern bards. For, wliat with the Cynghanedd, and the 24 Measures, and their scrupulous adherence to them, I doubt very much whether any modern bard can, like the late Lord Brougham, understand his own writing, especially if the writing be a contest for the Bardic Chair, which is something like Tenny- son's M Samile, mystic, wonderful!" Lewis Glyn Cothi was a great traveller, not only over England, Scotland, and Ireland, but there is plenty of evidence to show that he was well tcqualnted with Italy, and a great admirer of the fine arts. He was, too, a mighty warrior. As Mr Wilkins says, he might be well called "the horn of battlewho stirred up the Welsh lords from Holy- head to Cardiff to fight for the Earl of Richmond. His poems are invaluable as representing the state of society, not only in Wales, but in England as it was in that century. I have said enough for the present. I could say 3 great deal more. But it will be absurd to say, lifter the publication of Mr. WilkinoV book, that we have" no ancient literature." I am well aware that we have a book called" Llyfryddiaeth.% edited by the Rev. Silvan Evans, where a good deal in said, and has been said many years ago, un- disputed. But that book is written in the Welsh anguage, which, to the English and the world generally, is a dead language, and, as far as any defence of "Welsh literature "is concerned, will always remain a dead language. It Is for this wo owe Thomas Stephens and Charles Wilkins such a debt of gratitude for placing before the world, in a language which the whole world is able in read, such a masterly dtfence or our literature from the fcixth century to the very end of the seventeenth. It may be known, sir, possibly to you; but I feel sure to 99 out of every 100 of your readers it is not-and a very strange piece of knowledge it is-that Thomas Stephens and Charles Wilkins lived all their lives almost next door to one another —one door only separating them In spitp of all the ridicule and obloquy that has been cist upon it, the world now will never willingly let Welsh literature die. These two men h,lvo set their mark on it which All the waters of all the oceans of nil the world can never wash away. Yet I am not satisfied. There aro three more men who ought to do something for Welsh literature before they die, though two of tliem are yet very young. I mean Howel Lloyd,of Kensington; Professor John Rhys, of Oxford; and last, but not least, Lly warch Reynolds, of Merthyr, son of the old Patriarch bard, "Nathan Dyred," the oldest bard in the world but "Clwydfardd." Now that Charles Wilkins has lifted up the veil, and shown to their countrvmen w .1!,t literature is, have we not a right to ask them to bestow their talents in making it known to the world furti?r still. Let Howel Lloyd take the :r'oeCh:enol:.e: to countrymen. Let Professor John Rhys take Davydd ab Gwilytn and do the same; and let Lly warch Reynolds take "Glyn Coth*" and do the same likewise, I am sure they will have abundance of subscribers that will well repay their labours. Besides, would It not be loyal, patriotic to do »o?—I am, fee., JOHN GRIFFITH, Rector of Merthyr. Braich-y-Celjn, Sept. 16.

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I" A WICKED AND MALIGNANT…

CHUiiClI WOKIC AT BKIDuENl),

WHAT IS GWILYM EVAN." QUININE…

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ISERIOUS -FIRES Af _CARDIFF.…

THE CHOLERA PRECAUTIONS AT…

SUPPOSED DEATH KUOM HEAT AT…

TilE HECTORY OF LLANGATTOCK.

I M i: WKATHhK. I

* AI US -I

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YESTERDAY'S POLICE. j

I ¡;IOOn l'AGQrs co:\cmu AT…

CLOSING CIirSTKIl CASTLE J'nL;;;o.!

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CAHDIKF. '

N F, NN I tT.

-JiKI>WA<.

VNYSi>hU.

RWANSKA.

I - .-u,NEATH.

I AHHMMKK.

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