The Pembroke County Guardian and Cardigan Reporter

Danfoner holl ohehiaethnu Cymreig i stvyddfa Solfack. Xid ydym yn gyfrifol am svniadau eiu gohefavyr. Ysgrifeuer ag ingc, ac eir itii tu o r ddalen. (}o!_i gydd—Kilmo rev, Solfach. 1

EIFIO.NYI)T).-Cyboeddwii yr ysgrif alluog ar "Lloyd George" yr wythnos nesaf. Diolch am anfon y II Geninen" i ni- blasusfwyd o'r fatb oreu. BKYNACH.-—Da iawn genym glywed oddi- wrthych wedi hir ddisgwyl. Trwy ryw amryfusedd, gadawyd eich enw allan, a drwg genyen am byoy. Dowch eto, a chroesaw. ANELLYDD.Derbyniol, felaifer. Diolch am eich adolygiad. Ccfion. n DYFOG.—Pan gaf amser cyfaddas, galwaf am danoch. Drwg gecym am eicb an- hwyldeb.

EISTEDDFOD BETHLEHEM, TREFDRAETH, Uan y HJIJG. BEIKNIADAETH Y CYFANSODDIADAU LLEN YD DDL. I.—EXGLYX.—" Gweinidog Hethteiiem, Tref- draeth, y i'arch. I). Jones Evans, A.T.S." Ym^eisiodii un-nr-rfdey tr y tp-tyn poblogatdd hwn, a chyffredil1 iawn yw'r cy>tad"lu. Nid yw clati nyreli A,t)y,l,i yr Awfion" ae eiddn Angii o'r hraidd ar Inn englyniori, ac y mat; r awiiwyr yn ¡:wbl anhvddyo'j gynyhan- ed<U Nid yw l>rawd In^li Angli" a Tadrn Ingli Angh fawr gweJl, er fod gan y blaenat un linell gywir, a claan y liall ddwy. Unci y mae'r gweddiii o lionynt yn pr-di mai damweiuiol neu gopiedig yw'r llinellau cyn^baneddol. Nid yw eiddo •• Alicini. BledfJuo," a "Philip" chwaith yo bollol reolaicid. Cyll y blaenai yn nghydiad y cyrch — "yw lenan Gwiwlan, iiiwyiilati (-,yniro 'yn yr hwn nid oes cysgod cywirdeb. Cyfeiliorna Bleddud yn ei litiell olaf, Iddo Duw sydd noddol dwr." Nid oes I yr barer gyntaf y fraich yn ateb i'r ZI yn no(i(iol." U'r tri hyn, gaii yr un awdwr, I- Philip" yw'r goreu a thrwy or-od Trefdraeth i fewn auiceiiir at jod yn (ie^LyUna egwan, ac yn cynwys y bai iihy debyg" yw Un oi fath yn Nhrefdraelb fawr." Yn y donparth goreu ceir Eng¡yn o Garningli," "A.T.S." a Caruirgli." Y mae cyhydedd ei linell tkenaf wedi twyllo I- Enplyn o Garningli am ei bod yn un-sill-ai-ddeg, d Hyawdl frawd, llawn dtiwi(,Ifiy,,Ied,I-yw E%-an. Tebyg lIIai'r gait "hyawdi a'j gwuaeth hi, end nis geihr cyfnl lnvnw'u urisill. Braidd yn hen y swma dwy linell olaf yr englyu liwn. A elllr dweyd fod A.T.H." yn bollol gywir mu ptidio oblegid yn d drydedd Jlniell "Ei hyfryd lais fei trydan," y niae yn euog o ln«gi)'r y IlIewn gwahanol sei-i- lau, yr hyn gondtmnir ^<tn y grarlladegau a'r Ygol Earddol. GLti mai lei D. J. Evan. hefyij yr adnabyddir y gwrthrych, nid hapu-* lawn y w dweyd yn y cyrcb "yw David Evans; o wiLq. buriati." Nis gellir cael bai ar gynghanedil 11 Carningli," ond gwael iawii yw'r gair albronyddwr yn y llinell olaf. Caniateir g-)go(i athroiiwr am "athronydd, ond mae ei alw yn "albronyddwr" fel pe gelvvid ysg. parchus yr eisteddfod lion yn *'ysgrileuyaowr." I'I oes un u'r englynion hyn yn ty nioddio. Alae yaa frycheuyn yn mbob un o honync, ac y u;;t.e'u anhawdd pendtr- fynn ar y goreu. Y peth tecaf yw rhami'r wubr lhwng A.T.iS. a '• (Jharmngli." BARDDONIAETH, Y Gvveddnewidiad," ddun dan 1U0 llinell. Ar yJath destyn godidog a hwn, drwg genyf na chystadleuodd rhagor na dan. Barddom r Gwedtinevvidiad oedtl y PWIIC, ond nid yw •' Aw- enydd yr Aweion wedi llwyddo i 101 liawer » faxddoniaeth yn ei Imellau. AJae yn newid ei fesurau yn anil, ac yn eu marcio lei y gwneir niewn emyu-lyfraa—peth dialw am dano mewn pryddest. Y r banes y.ugrythyrol mewn iiie,,ur ac otli yw y gan hUII-dlguu uidramgwydd o ran laitti iro jiuadrodfl, nud nld. yw uyotiyinyg y bardd yn ganfyddadwy yrna. Hedtan yn my agos i'r llawr wneir, yn lie yingodi i awyrgyicti gyfoethog y tetyn. Y inae Difgybl Arall yn ehedeg rhyw gymaint yn uweb, ond teinilir ei Jod yutau yn ymdroi'n ormodol gyda'r hanes, a nod weddir ei waith gan ormod cylfredinedd. Nid arall-eirio'r iiaues oedd ebieu, ond barddoni enaid y pwnc. Er hyn, teg yw nodi fud yn y bryddest hon rai darnau sydd yn proli fod yma fardd yn cauu. a phan ar ei oreu y mae yu awenydd glew, ond y mae rhanau helatth o'r pan yn '-Yrtbit,'u fyr o'r ,:afoii. Ni cbymerodd i mi lawr amser i Oenderfyna pa un o'r ddau yw'r oblegid y mae eiddo Awenydd yr Awei- on aruryw raddau ar ot Difgy bi Arail ond bum yn petruao tipyn a oedd y Di«.gybl yn deil- \viig o r wobr i gyd. Wei, y mae ygrileuu 100 j j j yu rbywbetb, a rliag gwneud dim lydd yn digaioni ymgeisvvyr, credaf ei fod yn deilwng o'r wobr o brin. III. TKAETHAVVD, Athrota'r Aelwyd." Ni thynodd y testyn pwysig hwn fwy na thri ymgci-ydd i'r ymdrech, oud y inae yma ysgritan caniti adnvy. Frit fai traelbawd "Glant-n" yw ei iyrdra, ac y mae'n atre.-ymol felly. Mae' pwyntian ¡;.odir gan yr awdwr yu bwrpasol iawn, ond ni wneir ymgais i'w diiiyrbyddn. Fe wedi declireu n brydlon, ac y.-grilfun"u helaethach, salasai r cysiadltuydd hwn well fiawn* am y •wobr.^ Nis gellir awtyd lod traelbawd Swu yr Awel ddim yn ihy iyr ublegid i'r pwynt arall y tuedda, set meitbder. OLd y mae y gwaith ijwn yn uu canmoladwy, a gwersi budd- I 1 Iia ^sodir digon o arb^mgrwyd ar y geir- lad o r teatyri, sef Athrofa. Yn gartdig dymun- wn awgrymu i'r yn,g.;i,ydd galluof hwn y gwahaniaetb rhwng traethawd ag aiaetb neu bregeth. l ae y dll W Y olaf i toti yn apehadol, ac i siarad yn yr ail beryori, tilt mai ymresyinn'r pwnc heb siarad a ittb yw nud a/igen traeLhawd. i fgrifena Zenas yn lan, cryno a cbynlluniol a chynyrcbodd ysgrit o gryn deilyngdod. Nid yw n beilfaith ian o ran oigraff, yr hyn sydd befyd yn wir am y ddau arail. Und y tuae efe I wedi ymdrin a'r mater yri dest-ynol ac ymarferol iawn, ac y mae yn fwy o draethawd nag enldo Swn yr Awel." Nid wyt yn petruso dyfarnu'r wobr i "Zpnas." IV.-LL YTH Y t CAKU. Gwan yw r gystadienaetb, yr hyn brawf fod ^y.dd y Wyt by r Caru Eisttddtodid wedi myned heibio. Dim ond un-ar-ddf'g dderbyniwyd—ped- war Saemeg a aith Cymraeg. Y tfaitb fod y Hythyrau yn ddwyieithioy, yjighyd a fod saith o honynt oddiwrth iab at terch a pbedwar oddi- wrth ferch at fab, a'i gwna braidd yn anbawdd i feirniadu. Naturioldt-b ddyh.i fod prif nodwedd llytnyr fel hwn a'r doll y ctisivvn eu cloriann oedd tybied y fath lythyr garwn gael neu garwn anfon—y cyutaf os mai uieich tua.-ai'n }>grifenu, a r olaf os mai niab. Oiul gair byr ar v cynyr- chion. J J J J • ^nOTTN. Er :ddo y^grifenn am dym u lythyr a.Ian o'r gystadieivu th, rb.vid i mi gael ei gynghori i ddewia ffugenw mwy cbwaethus iro iiesaf. PrCTON JONES A IIOIIFO Cyphly:,ir y dan hyn ar atI¡.ld y gy>tadieuaeth ani eii bntl yn eu- og o lenladrao. AJae agon i banner y ddau ly- Lrrlyr ltyii vii ti,)!Iol yn Nr tl!i geiriaii, -r hyn brawf tod y ddau we-ii bud yn loffa yn yr un niaes. Dichon fod eraill yn y iiafth yn euog o'r un peth, ond y ddau yma^ddaethant i'r ddalfa. "Nawr fechgyn—nis gellir disgwyl i feirniad wybod pobpech, ac iii kitly lech c-i o,-od yn y brofedigaeth o wobrwyo eynyrehiun heb fod yn wreiddiol. WEE MAC GnaooR.—Llytbyr wedi ei ysgrif- enn a phensil yn aneglur iawn, acheinia'r awdwr faddeuant am hyny. Illai nid madden yw gwaith beirniad, ond gweinyddu cytiawnder. lhaid i'r ymgeisydd ddiwygio. Cyffredin yw'r llythyr. J MAHLON.—Khy faith, cwmpasog, ac ysgryth- yro), yn peri i ddyn ofyn wi-Lii ei ti-larileii, "1 ba beth v bu y goiitd hon Yii -icr, iii,t )es dim o nod wed ti ion Ilythyr earn yn pert hyn i hwn. am ei fod yn dwyn gormod o ol ymdrech at effaith. Jo^-jrn.—Tnedda at fod yn farddoao). Hen ffasiwn yw'r arddull, a dylai gael llonydd bell- ach, Sotiir am Adda. gait y eyfaill ftwil ond odid yw yn bryd lyfu allan «. betb ftl hyn ? Mae cryn dipyn o .*eicii ynddo, .serch hyny. DANYGAKX. — Uytbyr traetbodol, yn ciarlunio probad meiob dwyllcdig yw hwn map yn hynod deimladwy, ond erys yr Hvsdiire.-i yn rhv hir i ragymadroddi cyn dod at neges ei hepistol. Und da iawn. Eii-X.-F;raifid yri faitki yw ei Ilythyr hi. Mae yn yiiigei-'io'n g., delao, er hyny, er uiai gwell Jua-ai peidiu ."on cymaint am y inor a'r pellder, Nid da yw cren pint er mwyn bynodrwydd. TOM.—Y mae Ilythyr go dia gan Tom, ond teimiir mai yiDre^-yniu y m^e yn twy na cbaru. Hetyd cyferciiir y terch yn ihy ;1..11 ydlt. gormod o reul ainlvvy. Und y niae amryw o bwyutiau I) ret" no n b' da ganddo. BERYL a JENNIE.—Cyplysir y ddan hyn ar y dnvedd am en Lori vn iyt.ljyrait iiiwy itattriol na'r Ueil!, fel pe wedi tardda yn union o'r gaii,ii. Nid oes ol ymdrech arnynt. Saesneg yw y naill a (Jhymraeg yw y Hall, ac y maent yn debyg i lythyran earn cu-b fursendod cystadleuaetb ar- nynt. M-tii;ti wiH-ud yn well na rhanu'r wobr rhwng y ddwy nen'r dlaii. Ar air a chydwybod, llRYNACII.

Y Geninen. RHIFYN EBRILL. Pan ysgrifenir penodau newyddion o c p hanes llenyddiaeth Cymru, diau y caiff Eifi-«nydd a Chcninen ei ofal le nid an- amhvg ynddynt. Y mae y ddau o was- anaeth amhrisiadwy i'w fjwlad yn nad- blygiad a chyloethogiad ei lien ar linellau meddyliol yr oes, a'i safonau llenyddol. Os am ddangoseg o gynyrch meddyliau addfetaf a dysgedicaf Cymru, ac o ffurf ddiweddaraf llenyddiaeth Gymreig, dar- llecer y GCll, Yn y rhifyn presenol, nid yn ddiachos y rhoddir y lie blaenaf i erthygl ar Mr. Lloyd-George gan y Parch D. Stanley Jones,-dau wr adnabyddus yn Sir Benfro. Hon yw ysgrif oreu y rhifyn. Y mae hi yn gyfoethog o feddwl, o iaith, ac o'r syniadaeth ddiweddaraf. Braidd nad yw yr ysgrif yn fwy na'i tliestyn,-o ran eangder ei hysbryd, beth benag. Er enghraifft, dyma deyrnged ymneullduwr blaenllaw fel Mr. Stanley Jones i hen Fam Eglwys Prydain Ni charwn, er dim a welais erioed, ag awgrymu dim fyddo yn angharedig am Eglwys Loegr a'i gwas- 11 Z-1 anaeth na mae yr Eglwys yna yn gorphoriad byw o freuddwydion y can- rifoedd wedi eu cysegru gan weddiau liawer oes." Y mae y frawddeg yna brydferthed a'r gwir, ac a'r ysbryd hynaws a'i cynyrchodd hi. Diau y pery erthygl Thesbiad ar Y Digiacl a'r Weini- dogaeth," ddyddordeb a chyffro mawr mewn cylchoedd cvefyddol. Dylifa difri- foldeb yn eirias-fflam drwyddi. Dylai gweinidogion a chrefyddwyr J bob cred a barn ei darllen ar eu deulin. Nid yw I fymryn rhy finiog. Hyshysa y Gol y bydd ateb iddi yn y rhifyn nesaf. An- bawdd tasg fydd hyny. Dyma ysgrif sensational arall gan rywun di-enw ar Efengyl newydd i Gymru." Cymdeith- asiaeth rone yw yr Efengyl hon. Nid yw yr ysgrifenydd yn ysbonio'r modd y cytlawnir ei gynlluniau gorwyllt. Nod amlycaf yr ysgrif ydyw selfishness Sosial- iaeth. Y mae ysgrif "Gwili" ar "Y Ddau Ofuned gywreinied ag yw o goeth. Ceir newyddeb parhaus yn ngwaith Gwili. Math o study yw yr erthygl hon,—haner athronyddol —o brif dueddau llenyddiaeth a phersonau enwog mewn gwahanol gyf- nodau. Traetha Carno (gan nad pwy yw), yn odidog o dan y pen "Dylan wad Athrylith a Llenyddiaeth y Cymryar Fywyd a Llenyddiaeth y Saeson." Disgwyliem feithach ysgrif ar detJtyn mor hir. Er hynny, ysgrif werthfawr yn daugos ymchwiliad mauol ydyw. Oni ellir cael rhacor ar y testyu ? Gobcithivvn y gellir. 1, Cyifro newyn i>'i wal" wnu erthygl fer, 011(1 tra dyddorol y Parch. J. Daniel, B.A. hefyd, ar Hanes Lie yr Iaith Gvmraeg yn Addysg y Genedl." Gwelwn fod yr ysgrif i barhau. Ffraetb ac hyfryd yw Adgofion Heii,A r gan Mr Eleazar Roberts, y Sol- laydd enwog. Dyddorol ar gyfrif ei thestyn ydyw ysgrif y Parch. Ben Davies ar -1 Wat cyn NVyi)," ond nid yw Mr Davies, ni gredwn, ar ei oreu ynddi. 0 werth mawr ydyw Dalenan yn Hanes Y Cymro- dorion," gan Mr E. Vincent Evans, ac ysgrilau y Parch. D. Griffith ar Ddiw- vgiadau Crefyddol Cymru." Diwygiad 1859-60 sydd mewn Haw yn y rhifyn yma. Ceir portread da gan y Parch. J Jones, Pwllheli, o'r miliwnydd Cymreig Mr Robert Davies, Bodlondeb, ar un peth e lir ddweyd am eldilo Eli'vii o'r gwr talentog ac hynod hwnw, "Gwilym Uowlyd." Gwych iawn a gwerth ei darllen ydyw pryddest gaieirioi Etiiyr-li Bore'r Farn." Y mae gwanc a thirioni'r gwanwyn ar gynwys y Geninen hon, ac ar gynyrchion y beirdd ym mysg pa rai id a ellwn Syr T. Marchant Williams, Mr R. J Rowlands, Cvnffig, Penar, Pedro?, Alafon, Cynfelyn, Carmellaii, Eifion Wyn, Biytdir, Ap Huwes, Dewi Medi, ac amryw eraill. Ysgrifau eraill ydynt Enirys ap Iwan" gan y Parch. H. 0. Hughes, a'r Weinidogaeth Gristionogol gan C." Byddai darllen bywgraftiudau fel eiddo Mr Hughes ar yr ieithyddwr campus Emrys ap lwati "-Lin o blant gwerin Cymru gou- crodd anbawsderan-gystal a daillen liawer penod o St If-help" Dr. smiles. Rhifyn campus yw y GGllinen" am E brill, a' dyled ei phrynu a'i darllen gan bawb a gar em gwlad a'u hiaith. 0 Hundleton, Penfro. ANELLYDD.

Y GWEITHIWR. 'Rhwn roes sylfaen i'r gre'digaetb, Y Cynilunydd mawr Ei bun, Gweithia beutiydd mewn rhagluniaejh, Ac er gweithio, nid yw fiin Mab y Duwdod, pan mewn dyndod, Gweithiwr fu Efe drwy'i oes. •Gwimi goudeninio bob segurdod, Pan Gl gwuiai teimlai loes. An rllydeddodd Crist weithgarweb, Dysgodd grefft Ei dadmaeth cu, Hewn gwneud gwaith mae cael dedwyddwch, Diwyd weithiwr Crist a fu Rhoes esiampl i'r hil ddynol Mat wrth weithio mae mwynhad, Gwaith tymhorol a chrcfyddol, Peidio gweithio sydd sarbad. Un sydd liaeddol o gefnogaeth Ydyw'r gweithiwr diwyd da, Ac mac'n deilwng o ganmoliaeth Os gwaith teilwng ef a wna Yn y Dwyfol Air ceryddir Y dyn diog, beius yw: 'Rhwn na weithio na fwytacd," Dyna'r ddeddf i bawb o'r byw. Didwyll weitbiwr sydd wr clodus, Haedda'r gyflog am ei wai li, Heb y gweithiwr ai'n helbulus, Masnach drw>ddi a'i yn gaeth Gcddef eisieu bwyd cynhaliol Wnai'r trigolion drwy'l' holl fyd, Heb y gweithiwr yn grefyddol 'R eglwys wywa drwyddi gyd. DYFROG.

AGRICULTURE. EARTHWORMS AND THE LAND. Earthworms are thngs despised and trodden under foot, but it does more in the way of fertilising the land and making it productive for man's benefit than any other creature is.iys the al Wo id '). vast nuaauties OI earth are constantly being passed through The bodies of worm and voided on the sur/aue as castings, and when it is stated that on an acre of ordinary land there are usually 53,000 of these creatures busy, the effect they must have on the soil can easily ge ima,d. They are, in fact, continually ploughing the land, and in such a way, too, as to make it. best adapted for the production of olants. At one paiL oi me ainnenraiy canal oi mo worm is a gizzard, or hard muscular orpan, capable of grinding food in fine particles. It is this gizzard which is the main factor in triturating the soil, being aided by small stones swallowed with the earth. The soil, by being passed through the bodies of worm, becomes reriuced to fine mould, and in this state is very beneficial for seedlings. -1:11:¡I- SOIL PERIODICALLY LIFTED. By their agency, alse, the lower soil is periodically litted and exposed to the air, and in thi, way is able to retain moisture and ab orb soluble substances of use for the nutri- tion fit plan*L-. X. its this all; the action of the v. orni contributes moie than anything else to transform dry, barren soils into fey- tile ones by imparting the needful humus to them. Wherever leaves or any vegetable matter her, on th^e ground, ths worms drag it -loo n beneath the surface, where it de- composes and makes humus, one of the most important elements in all fel.tPe soils. If some tree leaves are left lying on the grass, it will be noticed that they are drawn into masses, and in the course of a short time will entirely disappear. Although the opera- tion rather mars the trim appearance of the lawn, the grass is greatly benefited by it, and were worms permitted each autumn to do their part in this way, less difficulty in keeping grass plots in good order would be experi- enced. H: «- POULTRY PERCHES. If it is possible it is far the best plan to arrange the poultry perches in such a way that a board comes underneath them. This board can be cleaned every morning while the hens are eating their breakfast. No time is lost, and the house is thus never allowed to be otherwise than perfectly clean. in most cases want of cleanliness arises through the ladder method of erecting perches. There can hardly be a more foolish plan. The hens injure themselves when jumping down, and the ground gets into a terrible state under- neath. Most probaby there is the added of- fence that the perches are nailed, so that there is no possibility of thoroughly cleaning them. The result is that vermin increases rapidly, and in perfect safety to themselves. Consequently the sitting hens become rest- less, the chickens drop off, and the hens prefer laying astray to going to the hen house. SPROUTING SEED POTATOES. Growers of early potatoes have been for many years in the habit of storing their po- tato seed in trays and boxes in thin layers in order that, the tubers should sprout before being planted, and lately it. has been found that the sprouting of late potatoes would be profitable. Potatoes will sprout on a floor or in any kind of box. They must be placed in the boxes when lifted in the autumn, or removed from the pits any time in winter. They require no arrangement, but are simply- scattered in the boxes in one or two lay- e s, without earth. When the sprouts are about two inches long, growth may be stopped, and the sprouts toughened by exposure to light. When hardened in this manner the sprouts do not break off easily, and the sets may be dropped in the drills in any position SHOEING THE FARM HORSE. Occasionally, a farmer is found who is as particular about having his horses properly shod all around at all seasons of the year as is the man who drives a fancy carriage pair, and it is generally noticeable that these are the men who have the best class of farm horses, and keep them looking at heir best at all times. Then there are others who keep their horses shod all around, and have them reshod only when the shoes come off or become loose, paying Dittle o- no attention to the appearanca of the horse's feet, or the inconvenience and suffering which is caused the animal by overgrown toes, unprotected heels, and sagging soles if the horse be of the flat-footed type. Then some men can be found who think money paid for horse-shoe- ing when it can possibly be avoided is wasted, and ailow their horses to cripple around with broken hoofs and tender soles when doing all kinds of work. ECONOMY IN FEED BILLS. Then there is another class of farmers who take into consideration the kind of work the horse is doing, the kind of feet with which lie is blessed, and use a wise economy in the matter of horse-shoeing bills compatible with a minimum of discomfort to their horses or inconvenience to themselves. Or course, there is a gieat difference in horses' feet, and a great difference in the kind of work which they are called upon to perform, and while a man can be extravagant in the matter of horse- shoeing as in any other department of busi- ness, yet it would be a grand thing if more farmers realised that the matter of horse- shoeing is worthy of more than passing at- tention, and that proper attention along this line would result in ecoxomy in feed bills, and in his capital stock so far as the in- ventory value of his horses is concerned. WORK ON PASTURE LAND. Apart from what may be done on pastuie land in the iorm of improvement, such as lé- newing with fresh grass seeds, and by the application of artificial manures, there is much work that may be done that is not only bene- ficial to the pastures, but actually necessary. It is very generally allowed that although ir some of the best grazing districts in the coun- try the land is well looked after and well farmed, there are many districts where poor pasture land, and because it is poor pasture, gets very little, if any, attention bstowed upon it, says the "Agricultural Gazette." The land is well grazed and the herbage eaten down close, and the fact overlooked that the more the pastures are cleaned up and well covered with stock, unless they are helped either by a dressing of compost or artificial manure, or by auxiliary food in the form of cake or corn, they become poorer by degrees. Leaving, however, the question of imporving the land, manuring, etc., there remains the necessary work to be done. -¡;:1I:¡¡- WATER FURROWS. On muih pasture land that may already be drained or that docs not require draining, after a continuous wet time, the surface is so wet that not only is it in an unfit condi- tion for sheep, but will not even cairy them. This may be very much improved by surface drainage. An ordinary plough, cutting an 8in. to lOin. furrow and 3in. deep, will leave a good surface drain that will carry off a lot of water. The depth nmy be regulated to suit the irregularities of the land it has to cross, and a spade used to finally connect the furrows at the ends with the dyke. !I. -,i. ii. ii- ANT HILLS. On most poor pasture land these ant-hills may be seen. They' are not only eyesores, but seriously inteifere with grazing. A hard frost should be chosen as the time for cutting them, so that the ants may be exposed to its influence. A deep cross should be made over the top of the heap, and then by horizontal cuts, made level with the surface of the ground, turn the four quarters of the hill upside down. Cut the nest of ants from the bed on which the hill rested, as well as from the four quarters, and spread them about. In the spring return the turf to its original place, so as to form a smooth, level sur- face. -¡¡:¡¡:;[-- GRASS LAND. Although modern teaching shows that au- tumn is the best time to scarify grass-land, and to apply the slower acting kinds 01 manures, the vast majority sti.'l seem to defer all work of the kind until late winter or early spring. Provided vegetation has not be- come ateive, no evil results aie likely to ensue from narrowing, but if plant growth has started heavy harrowing must necessarily in- jure the young plants to an extent sufficient to delay and impair their progress. For this reason, as well as for others, it is desirable that whatever heavy harrowing is considered necessary should be performed in the early winter, when it is impossible to injure the stock of plants or to produce any result that is not beneficial' to the well being of the meadow or pasture. Light chain harrowing however, may be prosecuted in spring without seriously injuring the plants, but this opera- tion is not of such telling efiect in pro- moting the aeration and freshening of the soil, and, in fact, is only of such superficial advantage as the light impression upon the soil indicates. Rolling stands on quite a dif- ferent footing. This proceus is frequently re- sorted to in the autmn and winter, but it is especially a spring operation, and whether carried out before winter or not should be repeated in the spring, particularly in the case of meadow land. -1::[: GRASSES. When the cell walls are the most perme- able, and the cell contents richest in food material, grass crops are evidently at their lrghest nutritive value. The state of perfec- tion is usually reached when the plant is com- ing into flower, and before this seeds begin to form. The usual time of flowering for grasses Perennial ryegrass, first week in June; Italian ryegrass, second week in June; Cocksfoot ryegrass, third week in June; Timothy ryegrass, first week in July. The clovers flower in order of duration thus: Tre- foil, earliest; red d'over, with ryegrass; alsike, and white, latest. When cut after flowering the product contains more fibre and less di- gestible nutriment. WIlen taken before flow- ering the crop it. very digestible, and contains more amide;, and lers fibre. -11:1- SUPERPIIOSPHATE. Superphosphate is made by treating po,,k-. deled mineral phosphate of lime with sul- phuric acil of vitriol"), care l'einq tak^n that vht'le the tricalcium phosphate left, in excess is as small as possible, the resulting mass shall be fairly dry and friable. If too little sulphuric acid be used. the resulting pro- duct, though dry and readily powdered, is low in "soluble phosphates," i.e., contains but a luw percentage of phosphoric acid capable of being dissolved by water. On the other hand, if too much acid be used, the product though rich in "soluble phosphates," is too damp to be handled or distributed. For trade purposes, superphosphate is valued only for its water-soluble phosphoric acid, which is usually expressed as "soluble phosphate,' by which is meant the percentage of tricalcium phispha'e ("bone phosphate"), corresponding to the phosphoric acid which will dissolve in water. Thus, it a superphosphate is guar- anteed to contain "26 per cent. soluble phos- phates," it should contain in every 100 parts by weight, a quantity of soluble phosphoric acid equal to the phosphoric acid, contained in 26 parts s by weight of tri I calcium phosphate. This is the ordinary qua- lity, though samples containing 37 to 39 per cent. "soluble phosphates" can be obtained. Alo--t superphosphate contains also from three to ten per cent. of "insoluble phosphates," i.e., unchanged tricalcium phosphate or iron or aluminium phosphates. For trade pur- poses, these are usually regarded as of no value, though doubtless, they may in some cases serve as plat food.

RURAL LIFE. BY A SON OF THE SOIL. HAnDY ANNUALS. The many beautiful varieties of hardy annuals available for the summer decoration of our gar- dens are worthy of a much more extensive growth, and a better cultural treatment than they usually receive. When well-grown, they will produce flowers of a size and brilliancy that will surprise many who see only the weedy, starved representatives of this fine class. Although hardy annuals will thrive fairly in at. most. any soil or situation, some little preparation of the ground before sowing is necessary to grow them to perfection; nd the first considera- tion is to reduce the surface to a fine and even tilth, carefully reproving all large stones and clods. and if the .'oil be poor, working in a liberal quantity of woll-decayed manure. For a general display, perhaps the best time for sowing is about the middle of March, and for a later succession, April; but we have seen annuals sown in May, and even the early part of June. that have bloomed splendidly in the Autumn months. After sowing, the cultivation of hardy annuals is extremely simple, early and vigorous thinning out of the clumps or patches I LAVATETU: A BEAUTIFUL HARDY ANNUAL. being nearly all that is necessary to ensure an abundance of fine plants, with a profusion of handsome flowers, Various methods arc adopted in sowing; but perhaps the simplest and best plan for garden decoration is to sow in shallow furrows, in circles of from 9in. to 12in. in dia- meter; or in rows or drills. their distance apart to be regulated according to the height of the plants when fully grown. When this is done in ,lt-v wcathor. an excellent pla.11 is to fill the furrows with water and allow it to settle before sowing, carefully covering the seeds with the soil removed in operation, and pressing down firmly with a trowel or flat piece of wood. Such large seeds as Nasturtiums. Lupins, and Sweet Peas may be covered to the depth of an inch; Convolvulus, major and minor, not quite so deep; smaller seeds, such as Mignonette, &c., require but a sfight covering. Hardy annuals may also be sown broadcast in mixture, in beds or patches, in waste places, shrubberries, &c., and have a very pleasing effect. For early spring decoration such fine varieties as Nemophila, in- signis and alba. Silcne. pendula. Limnanthes Douglasii, &c., may be sown in a sheltered posi- tion in August or early in September, and transferred as vacancies occur to where they are intended to bloom. Godetias also, in their many beautiful varieties, which are perfectly hardy, bloom much earlier and finer when sown in the autumn and transplanted early in spring. The Lavatera is a tall-vrowing, large, and effective- 1 rmkin" nlaut but used as a background to others cf shorter habit. TROTTING IN ENGLAND. As an admirer of horses and a. lover of the roads I am pleased to notice that the trotting boom which began in England some ten years ago is being vlilt maintained. It is also grati- fying to know that as a sport trotting is now in a more satisfactory condition than has been the A FINE TROTTER. case for many years. There are three really good tracks in the neighbourhood of London, and the season has already begun; while in different parts of the country the sport is also becoming more appreciated, especially in Scotland, where trotting races are being introduced into the pro- grammes of a number of agricultural societies. I have been behind very speedy cobs-in fact, only the other day I had a long drive behind one equal to his sixteen miles an hour; but the sen- sation of driving a trotter attached to an Ameri- can sulky, on the lines of the one which is illus- trated, mifjht. be delightful. Our roads are now so much used by motorist that trotting on them is almost impossible, but in different parts of tho South I am constantly dropping across men who, having become possessed of a. fast cob, use him for trade purposes as well as for pleasure, at- tachod to a sulky. The breeding of trottcrs is also on the increase. A NOTE ON PHEASANT REARING. Judged by the number of letters I receive in the course of the year on sporting dogs, a fair pro- portion of my readers are interested in shooting. Some of them are gamekeepers, I know, and the reply to the question which has been sent to mo a.bout the rearing of pheasants may, therefore, interest them. It is well known that pheasants will not incubate in confinement, and it is, there- fore, necessary to provide a number of common fowls to act the part of foster mothers. The custom is to put a number of sitting-liens in a small, ill-ventilated outhouse, where they are packed closely together, sometimes even ranged tier above tier -a. system which causes the hens so much discomfort that they cannot sit steadily. Ventilation being an absolute necessity for both hens and egps, strong, well-made, and thoroughly weather-proof sitting-boxes should he provided, and these placed in the open air. The best are those named after Major Morant, and of which I give an illustration. The dimensions of each IIATCHIXG BOXES. nest are 15in. by ISiii. by loin. hi<rh. and the runs 2ft. long by 18in. high. The bottoms should be wired to prevent the injrress of ver- min. a heap of ashes placed in each run for a dust bath, a'.id a nest made in the boxes of turf sods beaten into a. saucer-shape to keep the eggs together and covered with chopped 'straw. CLOVER HAY FOR FOWLS. < Experience has often demonstrated the value of clover for egg-producing. Clover has just the material in it to form egg-shell, hence it be- comes an essential part of every ration given to the fowls. It may not be generally understood that there are nearly 301b. of lime contained in each 1,0001b. of f lover. The hens and pullets fed daily with clover will consequently prove better evrp:-layers than those denied it. The clover hay should be given to fowls in winter in quantities sufficient to satisfy them. and to make them eat more it is desirable sometimes to prepare it in various ways. Cook and chop it. and mix it with meal or other stuff. Thfs will sometimes induce the hens to consume a grent amount of clover every day. Cut into short lengths and mixed with warm mas^, and then given only as fn-st as tho fowls will clean it up every day. is probably tho mo.-t economicil way to supply the clover. Some people cut the second crop of (lover and place it in the potiHry-vard for the birds to eat and scratch over at pleasure. This of itself is all right, but it is rather wasteful. More than half the clover will be lost. and the fowls do not actually eat much more than tho leaves. The stalks < 'ltain njost of the lime, and these should be prepared so that the birds will consume them. Of all the foods that can be raised on a farm for poultry, clover is not only tho best, but pro- bably the cheapest. and a field of it is as essen- tial to success as a pasture field is to the success of dairying. Clover liav should be placed in a vessel at Iliht. and covered with boiling water. Cover the vessel tightl so as to retain as much steam and moisture as possible. Let it stand until the morning, and use both the clover and the liquid wbom preparing the otftsb. MitKTNO PROPERTIES or HEREFORDS. ccording to a note which Mr. E. G. Preeoe has tent to the Press, an Irish breeder of Here- fords has brought a serious indictment against the milking qualities of the white-face breed. Two years ago Mr. Preeco procured for his Irish friend a score of puro-bred Hereford heifers for the purpose of breeding storo cattle for the Eng- lish market; but. according to the testimony of the purchaser, hr had to got rid of them on the grcund that they did not cive sufficient milk to keep their calves alive, for tho latter would have literally died from starvation if they had depended upon the milk from their dams, which would then be three years old." The truth of the statement is not to be questioned as applied to this individual case, yet we agree with tho infer- ence to be drawn from Mr. Preeee's comments that the case is very exceptional, and calls for searching investigation. The West Midland treed is admittedly not famous for its milking prca-er- ties. although here and there a herd is to be found which can shew a highly creditable record; but we cannot for a moment regard the expvi- eneefl of this Irish breeder as fairly reprece*'t'r!.f the dairying qualities of the Hereford. It is lie prevailing practice with breeders of Fler-iiocis f,) run the calves with the cows during the summer, and, as a rule, the appearance of the offspnnr far from indicating semi starvation, usually proves in a pleasing fashion that they are libe- rally nurtured. It is a well-rccognised fact that most breeds of stock have very distinct prefer- ences in respect to soil and climate, and it may be that the change from their native pastures to the particular part of Ireland in question preven- ted the animals from achieving the results of which under more congenial eircumstancels would have been well within their powers. The Here- ford occupies a fairly 6trong position in Ireland M can be proved by the meritorious et,itritrf-r of the classes usually stalled at the Dublin Sprin4 Show. Yet it has been a somewhat notable pecu- liarity of the Dublin exhibition that the honour? are chiefly shared by a w oxhibitors, and it may possibly be the ease that only in very excep- tional instances is the breed capable of doing it- met! justice on the other side of the St .George's Channel. As pointing to the same conclus on, it may be remarked that several attmpb have been made to introduce the Hereford breed int) counties in England and Scotland remote from its native district, but that the results have set- Jan jmtificJ thg —~7^-

DREADED EACH DAY. AN INSURANCE AGENT'S TRIALS.—ZAM- ULlv CURES CHRONIC PILES. Ten yea ot weariness and pain—energy japped and health unaeiiniiuietl—aieaamg l..OJ A" Ll ol eacli uity—diese ale ALI\ I'.XJVIUJJ- U.l'S mtn.oiics oi his bullermgs fioiii plies. .1. Iiii, IIgioii is an agent iur tHe i luutii- lial Assurance Co., and lives at 7, Eliza Villas, .Stratford i-oad, -ko.v, LoaUO:l,.G. LIE OVVCB necddl. ancl nappmes io ¡..alU-.1..Ul' aUl1 "ILI tile liui story oi nis debt io a lAmdun ,Ouiiialist as folio.vs: "As all insurance agent Have to walk and cycle many miles t-vcij ay.o when A TEN yoa iliat i sulleied till. "lles for ten years, you can imagine what jrtuie I have iudured. I .simply used to dread tie morning and iiong for the nights. I have iiown of worse cases of piles, but the demands [ my work made my ca.vj exceptionally dis- .essing. I got no chance to ease tf^e pain or jduce the inflammation irom morning to ignt, and instead had to aggravate tiieni. tatktng was bad enough, but cycling was a .Leat deal worse. '"1 tr.ed everything I knew isoiiie of itie or- inary s^-called cuies gave me temporary re- itf, but invariably the awful trouble returned gam. This happened so often that I began u regard mysell as incurable, and the pio- .^ect was gloomy indeed. What with the pain and weariness it caused, my energy ,as sapped and my health undermined. "Ab.)ut four months ago a fiiend persuaded .ne to obtain a box of Zam-Buk, and before "eliriiig I applied the ba;1m according to in- structions. The effect was astonishing. Zam- Juk seemed to cool, soothe, and heal at the ame time, and next morning, for the first t me for years, I really felt comfortable. I can assure you it made a new man of me n a night. Needless to say I presevered and a large box of Zam-Buk cured me com- pletely. From that time to this, piOes and 1 have been entire strangers. I believe I would have ridiculed the possibility of such a cure if I hadn't been the subject. I am never without a box of Zam-Buk now, and while on my rounds I am continually hearing remarkable stories of-its efficacy." Zam-Buk cools, soothes, and restores nor- mal conditions wherever it is applied. The family medicne chest is incomplete without a box of this natural balm, valuable alike to housewife, breadwinner, and the little ones for skin diseases, piles, pains, swellings, in- juries, etc. Owen Jones, the celebrated Welsh harpist, died somewhat suddenly at his home in Angelsey, on Sunday, aged 46.

UNSOLICITED. (ORIGINAL OPEN FOli INSPECTION). 215, Oxforcl-st reet, L'uiitycvmmer, 'Vc. 10th, 1905. Dear Sir,—Please send me a pot of Tour No. 2 Ointment. I have a great faith in it. It you lonk back I have had your valuable oint- ment since Nov. L'7, 1903, to put on mv breas'. It has done wt riders on me. My breast has come all right hy now. It (lid ache for a IOlIg time after I had the water out of it. I use to have pain right round my left side up to my shoulder effected irom my breast. My leftside was going cold IlIll of shivers. But thank you very much for your valuable ointment. I feel quite well now, and my breast is quite supple. You can use these words its truth. Now I am going to try this ointmerit on the side of my son. He is suffering this few months, growing too fast I think, lie is only 10 and 4 months, Be complains c f his side, and I think there is a little swelling thete so I want to try a pot of No 2. If you got something better I am willing to try it, and I am sending 2s Ud for S:1 me. Yours faithfully, MRS JEREMIAH MORGAN. The relative strengths of the Mannina Oint- ment (Trade Mark) are described and known as foUllwM :-No. 1, full; No. 2, medium; No. 3, mild. No. 1, the most powerful variety, is to be used in Cancerous growths of all kinds, such as cancer of the breast, lip, etc., and also for Tumors, etc., at 2s 3d, 4s 6J, and 8s 6d per pot. No. 2. This is a milder form than No. 1, and is to be applied in cases of Ulcerated Legs, Carbuncles, Vistula, foul wounds of every de- scription, Poisoned Hands, etc., Abscesses, Scalds, Burns, Erysipelas, Scurvy, etc., at Is l id, 2s fld, and 4 s Gd per pot. No. 3, being of a still milder nature than No. 2, is to be used for all skin diseases, such as Eczema, Psoriasis, Kingvvorm, Chapped and Bleeding Hands, Chilblaitis, Itch, Mange, etc., at Is 1 d, 2s gd, and 4s 6d per pot. el SCHEDULE OF CURES. Cancerous growths in the Breast, Bleeding Cancer in the Neck, Ulcerated and Virulent on Leg, Poisoned Hand, Eczema from Birth, Abscesses after Vaccination, Rodent Ulcers on Hands, Blood Poison on Foot, Ulcerated Sores and Eczema, Virulent Abscess on leg, Blood Poison in Hand, Foul Wound on Leg, &c. rJ'be Ollltllleut tuny lie obtained from LI)e nina" Ointment Co., Nittill kSLieet, Fishguaid, or fioiii Mr. Thofi. Lewis, chemist, Fi-hguttiti F. D. Phillips, JAaveifordwest; H. A. W illiams, Leiteiston Albert Diivirl, St. David's; J. Williams, Newport, ft in.; T. Meyler, cheiiiis\ Fishguard; IUJU 1'. LiewtliyU) cbeunst, Uoodwiek, &o.

gnnrTninriiBmwninniTiii»i»iMmMHpnwnimn^g imiin iiiiMiiwim win Chapped Hands, I j Chilblains, rough or chafed skin, 8 can be easily remedied and the | irritation promptly relieved by 8 applying at bed-time I i Hil Carbolic Ointment. Hlfli It n:;s;sts nature to effect a quick (j | I cure, not only by its healing, but I S also its antiseptic value—keeping E I the broken skin in a henlthy state. II A reliaMs househrlcl rmsdy frr cuts. Kirns, R I bruises. :icald.3. piles and mobt. skin ailments. fli | SoU in juis or tins, 1 ;.W. cach, by Chemists. 18 1 MnJe by F r; CALVERT A Co ■ Manchester. mwnnti HIPI HAVE YOU TRIED GOMERS BALM? It is a Salve for every wound, with marvellous properties in curing and healing all kinds of Sores. Skin Hash, Eczema, Burns, Scalds, Scurvy, Gal lings in Children and Women, Piles, Scahby Heads, Chaps, Hingworm, Stiff Joints, Irritations and Inflammations of all kinds. Noted for IS BAD LEGS. TRY IT. Sold by all Chemists and Stores at Is. lAd., or send value in stamps or P.O. to milker JACOt; HUGHES, M.P.S., L.D.S., PENAltTH Cardiff. Ask for GoMKR's BALM," and see that the nam Jacob Hughes" is on each box, without hich none is genuine. Cupiss' Constitution Balls. TXSTIXONIALS. HORSES. For Grease, Swelled Legs, Winston Hall, Cracked Heels, Concha Stonham. Colds, Sore Throats They are the best rem-dy f°.' L°" Swelled Legs in Horses. CATTLE. WILLIAM LONG. For Hide-bound, PtarinR —— Coat, Hove or BJowi Sntton Farm, Distemper, Fpidetnic, Snr Boyton. fcit, Condtiooiug, Pre- I had a weakly Year- ""J™* 8coarin« ling, troubled with in Calvet>' enuring. I gave one RHEEP Ball at two different For Rot or F]nkGi and f times, and the resaU iu in Health, Assis «as a perfect cure. ing^ get into CoudiUou CORY.nrlUg ID Lambs. &c. Prepared upwards of 50 years by the late FRANCIS CUPL-S. M.R.C.V.S,, DISS, NORFOLK Sold in packets Is 9d and 38 6d each, 7 email packetB 10s 6d, or 7 large 21., by Chemists and Medi cine Vendors, or from troprietor, THE WILDKKVVOB Dies, on receipt of amount. B| ==-==-===-=========-====-=:=-=- Advertise in the "Guardian."