The Pembroke County Guardian and Cardigan Reporter

JUST WHAT YOU NEED. Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters. THE VEGETABLE TONIC. rHE BEsr REMEDY OF TLE AGE. It is purely vegetable, and is equally suitable for young or old, at all seasons of the year. Itisspecialiy adapted to the needs of, and forms an agreeable Tonic for, delicate people. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Weakness. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS forfNervousness. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Depression of Spirits. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Sleeplessness. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Blood Disordeis. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Chest Affections. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS for Indigpstion. I GWILYM EVENS' BITTERS for Dyspepsia. GWILYM E)VANS' BITTERS for Liver Complaints. PAIITlflN I Avoid imitations. See that yon get unll I lull GWILYM EVANS' QDININE BITTERS. Do not be persuaded to try any othtr. See the name GWILYM J- VANS on the Label, stamp, and Bottle. GWILYM J- VANS on the Label, stamp, and Bottle. PRICES Bottles, 2s 9J double size, 43 6i. I Sole Proprietors- QUININE BITTERS MANUFACTURING CO., LIMITED, LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. —■ » i — —

RURAL LIFE. 1 BY A SON OF THE SOILj 1\ A Ttm: NswyotrarotAKD Uoa., CTEere has always been a doubt as to tEe ofTgirf bf the Newfoundland dog, which has never lost the popularity it attained when Landseer painted the famous picture, A Distinguished Member of the Royal Humane Society." Travellers who have seen the dog in Newfoundland are of opinion that it is a cross between European breeds, for there is no native dog; but it has always borne an unrivalled character as a water animal. People do not concern themselves irreatly as to its origin. It is a good companion and undeniably handsome. The Newfoundland dog is not always black, a sub-variety, black and THE NEWFOTTNDLAND DOG. white, being known as the Landseer, and 1 have known of brown and bronze-coloured specimens. The broad and massive head, the flat skull, short and square muzzle are great points of the breed. The eyes are rather small, deeply set, and shew- ing no haw; while the ears should be small, set well back, square with the skull, and covered with short hair. The fore-legs should be per- fectly straight and the feet large and_ well shaped; while the coat of a typical Newfound- land dog is straight, dense, of coarse texture and oily nature. CULTIVATION or THB PEA. Peas form one of the most valuable of our gar- den crops, and none better repay the cost of liberal treatment. A.deep, rich soil, and an open, sunny position should be selected for the main and late crops, and the 'ground should be well broken up and manured. For the earliest sorts the ground does not require to be so rich, but a warmer and more sheltered position should be chosen where possible. For early use, sowings can be made until towards the end of February; the second early and main crop varieties being sown in March or April; and the latest crops from May until the middle of June. Peas should be sown in rather broad, shallow drills, and the seeds covered from 2in. to 3in. deep. Generally speaking, a pint of good seed will be sufficient for a row of twelve or fifteen yards in length. For those of ordinary height the rows should be 3ft. or 4ft. apart, the taller sorts 5ft. or 6ft. apart; it is also an excellent plan to grow them in rows 12ft. or 15ft. apart, and some other crop between them, as by this means both sides of the row got the full benefit of light and air, and yield a greater abundance of fine pods; when grown in i this way it is better if the rows run om north to south, giving both peas and inter- vening crop free access to sunlight. A good top- dressing of soot is very beneficial when peas are pushing through the ground, and they should be earthed up just before staking, which should CtrtTIVATION OF THE PEA. commence when they are about 3in. or 4in. high, and although some of the dwarfer sorts may be grown without sticka, all are benefited by being kept from the ground, especially in wet seasons. If the season is unfavourable for sowing in the open ground early in spring, sowings should be made in pots in a cool pit or frame in February for planting out in April; ten or twelve peas in a pot will be sufficient. Mid these when planted out should be carefully divided so as to disturb the roots as little as possible. For late sowing, strong-crowing marrow varieties are the best, and tall-growing sorts should be stopped when about 4ft. in height; the ground for these should be well-trenched" and manured, and a. good maivnwg ncii-actttjtu immure zcaoaT J-Oin. Oil each side of the row will be of great benefit in retaining the moisture in hot dry weather. Where peas are liable to the depredations of mice, a good preventive is to moisten the seeds with sweet oil and mix them with red lead be- fore sowing, and where small birds are trouble- some when peas are coming up, a short, stout stick placed at each end of the row, and then leading from one to the other a single black thread or cotton about 2in. above the ground, is a very simple and efficacious remedy. A BUTTER BLENDER. Sucti an implement as the one of which I give an illustration is only used in big dairies where the blending of diverse shades of butter on a wholesale scale is part of the day's opera. tion. The helical roller is an essential feature, and its action must be seen to be adequately ap- preciated; while 9 further important feature is that the friction wheels which support the bed are now utilised for driving as well The opera- ) A BUTTER BLENDES. tion of these rollers is so perfect that firkins of butter of the most widely different shades of colour are blended most perfectly in three or four minutes. The cast-iron framework is of great strength and well proportioned; while the circular beds are made 72in. and 84in. in dia- meter. The reports which have been received from users of the blender quite justify the state- ment that it is one of the most efficient and per- fect dairy appliances ever introduced. CHANGIKG POTATO SEED. One remarkable feature of the prominent attention which the cultivation of potatoes has jeceived in recent years is the evidence which has been obtained concerning the influence which the introduction of seed from different sources has upon the yielding properties of the crop. The effect of a change of seed upon the returns has been shewn to be so extraordinary that one almost marvels as to how potato growing could have been oonduoted at all on the lines formerly in vogue. That a frequent change of seed is beneficial both in promoting constitutional vigour and productivity is no new discovery, nor, indeed, as a fairly common practice, is the system of recent origin. Nevertheless, until within the last few years, introductions of fresh seed from distant localities were effected without the bustle and stir that have been manifested in recent years, and, of course, at the outside only on a comparatively limited scale. Nowadays, however, the importation of seed from a distant district may almost be regarded as the correct form, and, indeed, is looked upon by some as essential to the production of a bountiful and healthy yield. From the reports which are forthcoming from all parts of England regarding the striking benefits that result from the plant- ing of Scottish seed as against home grown or introductions from other parts of England it would almost seem as if it would be advisable for English farmers to cease planting English- grown tubers at all, and to import the whole of their requirements from the northern side of the Tweed. The declared superiority of Scottish seed is so pronounced and so consistent as to leave no possible room for doubt respecting it, and yet, as we have said, it is passing strange that the system of importing fresh seed every year which this superiority suggests should have been so long in revealing its advantages. If home-grown seed was as unproductive and unre- liable in the past as it seems to be nowadays it is matter for surprise that potato growing was I persevered with so long, for the returns now I generally credited to home-grown seed do not suggest the possibility of a profitable return to the grower. It does not even seem to be suifi- cient to introduce seed from one part of England to another, or, at all events, from a southern locality to a northern. No change short of im- portations from North to the Border seems sufficient to give reasonable assurance that the results will be satisfactory. EARLY SEED SOWING. Market growers of vegetables will find light cases and glass lights particularly useful at this season of the year, says a writer in the Mar- ket Gardener. There are many kinds of seeds which it pays to make a sowing of as early in the year as possible, and there is nothing as good as these light cases for the purpose. Ordinary lin. boards made up into frames 15in. high at back and 9in. in front, with bearers put in to carry the lights, will be the best. Sometimes the cases are made of thinner boards, but the lin. will be found the most economical in the end. The bearers should have a groove run down each side and a fin. dividing slip to keep the lights in place. The lights may be either the ordinary 6ft. or 4ft. 6in. in length. It is a good plan to have a number of low span-roofed houses put up with the bearers or rafters made as in these frames, so that the lights used on the cases in early winter and spring can be put to a good use in growing a summer crop of cucumbers or tomatoes when the work of seed-raising is done. Some of the things that can be sown now are various sorts of lettuces, some Brussels sprouts for the earliest batch, cabbage of sorts, Autumn Giant and other cauliflower, leeks, and Ailsa Crag onions for early planting out, a pole or two I of early horn carrots, a frame or two of early Milan turnips, French breakfast radishes to any extent, &c. The cases should be stood down in rows across a piece of well-worked land, facing them to the south, and into these should be put from 4in. to Sin. of fine light soil. This should be dusted over with fresh slaked lime a day or two before the seeds are sown and be raked into the soil. This will do much to cleanse and sweeten the soil and make damping off less likely. As the seeds are sown the lights should be put on, and may be kept close until the seeds are shewing through, when every care must be taken to _ven- tilate freely on all favourable occasions. Every care must be taken to keep the young plants from becoming drawn and weak. The seed must be sown thinly. As a rule, those who sow early be sown thinly. As a rule, those who sow early I seeds in frames sow much too thickly, not only wasting seed and consequently money, but through overcrowding causing the plants to be- come drawn and spoilt. Many fail to get a good pull of early turnips and_ radishes from no other cause but the foolish sowing of too much seed. 1 ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. "C.E.D.The address of Lawes's Manure I Company is 59, Mark-lane, London, E.C.