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CARNARVONSHIRE EDUCATION COMMITTEE.
CARNARVONSHIRE EDUCATION COMMITTEE. SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' DEMANDS. NEW SCALE OF SALARIES ADOPTED. (From Our Own Reporter)- A special meeting of this Committee was held yesterday, at Carnarvon, the Chairman (Mr W. George) presiding. The other members present were: — Dr. Arnold, the Rev. Morgan <,St. Aim's), Messrs R. J. Williams (Bangor), A. Ivor Pryce (Bangor), Maurice Jones, J. R. Pritchard, Arthur Ivor Jones, D. G. Jones, R. Muir, Jeremiah Thomas, Dr. J. W. Rowlands, Mr D. R. O. Prytherch, Dr. Robert Parry, Messrs Hugheston Ro- Abel Williams, Mrs Breese, Miss J Mason, Dr. R. Owen, Messrs T. C. Lewis, G. H. Green (Bettwsycocd), Richard Jones, 0: T. Jones. W. G. Thomas, W. G. Roberts (Cania'rnant), David Hughes (TaJybont), Ebenezer Jones, W. Morris Jones (Rliostryfan). R. G. Jones, and Mass Growth er. with the Director o £ Education LMr D. Tliomas). SUPERINTENDENT SCHOOL NURSE. Miss Margaret Dennis Jones. Glvnder- well, Pembrokeshire, was appointed super- intondent school nurse, at a salary of B150 per annum, with travelling expenses and uniform. Mr J. R. Pritchard said it was hoped, with the appointment of the school nurse and the assistant to the Medical Officer, that all schools would be inspected with greater frequency. The School Medical Officer had been asked to report with re- ference to any school buildings the con- dition of which, in his opinion, was detri- mental to tUg health of the pupils. There were certain districts in the county where frequent outbreaks occurred of mumps and other ailments, and the Medical Officer had been asked to ascertain whether the children there were properly fed, and whether the school premises were defec- tive. DENTISTS SCARCE. It was reported that no application had been recei ved in response to the advertise- ment for a school dentist. The Board of Education will not recognise unqualified dentists. SCHOOL CLEANERS' WAGES. It was stated that in 1909 the Educa- tion Committee adopted a scale of wages for school cleaners. All classes, however, were not put on the scale, but it was re- ferred to whenever applications for in- creases were received. It was intended to serve as a guide as to what increases, if any, should be granted. The Committee now rec-ommended a new scale of wages. Mr Richard Jones objected to the basis of the scale, which, he said, adversely affected rural schools. Mr D. G. Jones said it was essential that schools should be properly cleaned, but it could not be done unless the clean- ers were adequately remunerated. Mr Muir, who presented the report of the Committee, which stated that the cur- rent year's estimates of fuel, light, and cleaning amounted to ;C63W, and that the expenditure last year was £5427, and that the recommendations of the Committee would involve an increa.se of £549, protest- ed against members suggesting increases for the schools in their particular dis- tricts. If any drastic alterations were made, he would move that the whole scale be referred back for an indefitc per- iod. Mr Ivor Jones did not think the rate- payers would object to pay when they knew they had value for their money. The scale was adopted, with a sugges- tion that the managers of schools who were dissatisfied with the sum paid to their cleaners, should send their complaints to the Finance Committee. Dr. Rowlands asked why there was differentiation between the cleaners of the interior of the schools and those who cleaned the outside of the buildings. Mr Muir replied that the outside clean- ers were not considered at all, because it was felt that they were amply paid. Later on, the Finance Committee would have to take into consideration the question of retaining outside cleaners. I HEADMASTERS OF CENTRAL SCHOOLS. 4 The Salaries Committee recommended a new scale of salaries for the headmasters of central schools, as from October 1st. For one year's service they recommended JS200 for a school with less than 300 pupils, and B250 for schools with 300 pupils and over, with gradual increases according to length of service. For 22 years' service £ 4-25 was recommended for headmasters of schools with less than 300 pupils, and JM75 in the case of schools with over 300 pupils. The scale was adopted. FAVOURABLE REPORTS WANTED. It was recommended that no increase be made in the salaries of six headmasters paid below standard salaries as from April 1st., 1918, until the Staff Committee re- ported that a favourable H.M. Inspector's report had been received on the schools in question. Mr W. R. Jones (Bangor) asked whether these headmasters were to be penalised by not having their long period of satisfac- tory service r&oogniaed. For many years they had given satisfactory service, and just because they had fallen from their usual standard for a few years their past good service was ignored. The Chairman said that was a matter for the Committee. Mr J. R. Pritchard stated that when they gave the teachers the new sccle he asked the teachers' representative what should be done with inefficient teachers, and he was told that tRey should be dis- missed. Mr Ivor Jones protested that one head teacher was being unfairly punished, and he moved that the recommendation be re- ferred back. This was defeated, and the recommenda- tion was carried. SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' I SALARIES. A NEW SCALE. I The Secondary .Education Committee reported having received a deputation from the secondary school teachers, con- sisting of Messrs J. Rhys Evans (Port- madoc) J. Rees Foster (LJanberis), and E. P. Evans (Carnarvon). headmasters; Miss Muriel Price iPwllhell,), Mr Keeling (Carnarvon), and Mr John Parry (Bethes. da), assistant teachers. They asked the Committee to come to the assistance of the schools in order to prevent, if possible, the depletion of the county schools staff. It was stated that serious migration into other areas, where conditions were more favourable, had already taken place, and that in some schools in the county all the present members of the staff, with the ex- ception of the headmaster, had been ap- pointed since 1914. The teachers asked for the adoption of the departmental scale under which assistant men graduates would commence with a salary of JB180 per annum, rising to a maximum of £450. They also asked that women graduates be placed on the same scale as regarded in- itial salaries, and that headmasters be paid a commencing salary of £60() per annum, the salary to be reviewed at the end of every five years, and that in cer- tain individual cases the increase in the headmaster's salary be made retrospective. The deputation also asked that the re- vised rate of remuneration stIould date from September 1st, 1919. The Committee were told that approxi- mately a sum of S6000 per annum would be required to put the suggested scale into operation, and that in subsequent years an increment of about jEMO would be l needed until the maximum of the scales were reached. They recommended the Committee to apply to the County Council for such an increase in the grant out of the secondary education rate, as will en- able the local governing bodies to pay teachers on the basis of a new scale, as from September 1st, and that the whole position be reviewed in the course of the ooming financial year. For headmasters (and the headmistress of the Bajigor County School for Girls), they recommend- ed a salary of from C500 to .66CO a year, the maximum to be reached in 15 years. With regard to assistant masters and assistant mistresses, a new scale was sug- gested. For one year's service the pro- posal was:—Assistant masters who hold degrees, £ 180; assistant mistresses who hold degrees, £ 170: non-graduate men, £170; and non-graduate women, £ 160. Yearly increments will take place until the scale for 16 years' service will be:— Assistant masters with degrees, £ 375; assistant mistresses with degrees, £ 350; non graduate men, £260. The maximum for assistant masters with degrees will be E450, after 21 years' service. The Committee had the following notes on the scale(a) All years of satisfactory service in the county to be recognised in fixing the initial salary, (b) years of satis- factory service under other authorities to be counted in fixing the initial salary, (e) post-graduate training of not less than one year to be counted for two increments in the scale. The fourth year of a univer- sity course completed in honours to be counted as one year of sea/vice, or a year spent abroad to acquire acquaintance with a modern language, and (d) posts of re- sponsibility, ifrst assistant or senior mistress in a mixed school to be specially considered. Dr. Arnold, in preselllting the Commit- tee's report, stated that complaints had been made that salaries were so low in the county that secondary school teachers went to South Wales and parts of Eng- land, with the result that their schools were falling into the hands of teachers who were not likely to remain long. The salaries of the elementary school teachers of the county had been increased, with the result that many secondary school teachers were being pa,id less than them. The Committee thought that the secon- dary school teachers should be paid higher salaries than those received by elementary school teachers. As one who had watched the .secondary schools of the county for a number of years, he must say they were manned by a successful body of teachers (hear. hear). Mr Abel Williams (Abersoch) regretted thp distinction made in the scale between male and female teachers. The initial salary of an assistant mistress was E10 less than was paid to her male colleague, while the maximum was S100 less. He feared that the old pagan idea still lurked in the minds of ma,ny men that woman was an inferior being. But that idea had been ruthlessly exploded, and woman was now a free citizen. In many cases she was superior to man (hear, hear). Yet, it. was proposed to pay them less for the same amount of work. With 70 years' experi- enco in teaching and looking after schools, ho believed that woman was naturally a teacher, more so than a man, especially in imparting knowledge to infant-. Mr Ivor Pryce, while not opposing the proposal to increase the teachers' salaries -they were not paid anything like they ought to be—asked whether the Commit- tee could not inquire into the truth of the complaint that there are too many secondary schools in the county, and that some of them might, with advantage to the ratepayers, be converted into higher standard schools. He also criticised the proposal to pay a definite sum to head- masters and headmistresses, whether theiir work was good, bad. or indifferent. It would be an incentive to teaehers to know they would be better paid for better re- sults. The Chairman stated that the whole position of education in the county was about to be reviewed in view of the Edu- cation Act of 1918, and the point raised by Mr Ivor Pryce as to the multiplying of secondary schools would be taken into consideration. As to the other point, it would be noticed that the words "satis- factory service" had been employed in the recommendations. Miss Mason wished the scale had pro- vided for equal salaries for men and wo- men. especially for the first year. The Chairman: That point was sym- pathetically considered by the Committee. But the whole position will be reviewed next year. The new scale was then adopted. I JUSTICE FOR RETURNED SOLDIER-TEACHERS. Mr Muir moved: "That all headships in the county which were temporarily filled during the war be now declared vacant, and the post advertised." He stated that during the war all headships, with one or two exceptions, were advertised as tem- porary appointments, it being understood that after the war they would be re- ad vertised. The object for that was to prevent any injustice to a large number of their teachers who were in the army. The motion, seconded by Mr Ivor Jones, was carried. I MEDICAL INSPECTION I SCHEDULES. It was decided that the headmasters of the primary schools be again reminded that whenever a child leaves from one school to another, the medical inspection schedule is to be forwarded by the head- master of the school which the pupil leaves to the head teacher of the school to which the pupil is admitted, and that the School Attendance Officer report to the Medical Inspection Committee all cases which come to his notice where this m- struction is not observed. PWLLHELI COUNCIL BOYS' I SCHOOL. The Salaries Committee reported having considered at some length representations made by the headmaster of this school, but they saw no reason why the school should be placed in Grade 4. The Com- mittee promised to consider whether the headmaster is entitled to any arrears of salary sincte the Annointed Dav. ORGANISATION OF WELSH SECONDARY EDUCATION. I Dr. Arnold, Principal Harris, and the Director of Education were appointed to give evidence oil behalf of the Committee before the Departmental Committee on the organisation of Welsh secondary edu- cation, on December 12th. The (Chairman stated that the Commit- tee was represented at the Education Con- ference at Rhyl, last week, wheal Dr. Arnold delivered an able address.
INORTH WALES CLUB TRAIN.
NORTH WALES CLUB TRAIN. FACILITIES FOR LIVERPOOL AND I MANCHESTER BUSINESS MEN. The London and North- Western Rail- way Company now attach to the 7.40 a.m. train from Llandudno to Liverpool (Lime- street) and the 4.15 p.m. train from Liver- pool (Lime-street) to Llandudno a special saloon coaoh for the use of the members of the club formed by a number of Liver- pool business men who reside on the North Wales coast, and who hold first-class season tickets. The train to Liverpool does not run on Saturday, on which day the passeng- ers travel by the 7.30 a.m. from Llan- dudno, but the evening train from Lives-pool runs daily. Tlie "Club" train oaJLs at Deganw Llandudno Junc- tion, Oolwyn Bay, Abergele, Rhyl, and Prestatyn in each direction. For many years a similar provision has been made for Manchester business men, for whom two coaches are now required. The Manclie.stcr "Club" train passes through Chester without stopping on every week- day except Saturday, but now calls at War- rington, and is due at Exchange at 10.8 a.m.
SHOP HOUhS FOR CHRISTMAS I
SHOP HOUhS FOR CHRISTMAS I The Early Closing Association has ap- pealed to the Home Secretary to suspend the opevations if the Compulsory Eight o'Clock Closing Order (nine o'clock on Saturdays) from Friday, December 19t'h, to Wednesday, December 24th, inclusive, for the convenience of the public in their Christmaa shopping.
-BANGOR.I
BANGOR. I The distinguishing feature of a rather notable session has been the revival of things Cymric. Never probably in tho history of the College has the ardour of the Welsh students been so marked, and it finds one channel of expression in the Cymric Society which, be it noted, was now allowed to die, but naturally became somewhat dormant during the war. The society met last Friday night, when Mr R. Aiun Roberts, B.Sc., of the Agricul- tural Department; Miss Margaret Evans, B.A., Bcthesda; and Mr Llew. Jones, B.A., Mcnai Bridge, delivered addresses on the new Welsh bards. Miss Evans gave a general survey of the rise of the new school of Welsh poets; Mr Alun Ro- berts discoursed in a scholarly manner on Welsh poetry, and Mr Llew. Jones dealt with the humour of the bards. There was a large attendance. Based on quite an erroneous report that the Cymric Society was only formed at the College this ses- sion, a rather caustic note appeared in a South Wales newspaper this week. The writer referred to the "snobbishness ot the College" in ignoring Welsh matter. This remark is deeply resented by the Welsh students who declare that the Welsh national spirit thoroughly per- meates the College. At the Powis Ha-11, on Tuesday evening, under the auspices of the Cymric Society, the President (Sir J. Morris Jones) de- livered a lecture on "Williams, Panty- celyn." As the meeting was open to t'ne public the Hall was crowded. Tho lec- ture was highly appreciated. The Coi'iege ha.s been agog with excite- ment this week. To-night the annual mock election takes place, and the four candidates: Mr Bowen Thomas (Coal- ition), Mr J. A. F. Roberts (Asquithian Liberal), Mr W. P. Williams (Labour), and MIss Mabel Parseley (women's can- I didate) have been inundating the students with speeches. All the candidates have gone to the expense of printing their ad- dresses—an event unprecedented in the history of the College, wiilie the promises of one are emblazoned on the hoardings of the city! On Wednesday a lady stu- dent marched down High-street carrying a'sandwich board with a poster of artistic design which exhorted the students to vote for Parseley: Penetrating, progressive, perfect, and practical politics. Plump for Parseley. Progress, anti-proifteering, re- construction, stability, lucidity, enterprise. You will get them if you vote for Parse- ley." The amateur satidwich "niait" ap- peared rather shy during her tour alOlJg High-street, but she did not attract much notice. Probably the pedestrians thought it was a tradesman's new adver- tising 'stunt. On the College notice board is a c'cver cartoon of the Labour candidate, the work of Mr Robert Alun Jones, a stu- dent from Bala. Based on the style of the Doomsday Book the following quaint, notice is shown on the board "It is divisit and ordamt that any personn fount defassjiig or utheris maltreating- pousters or bils when fount guiltie "al Ix; forced to et the Z pousters or bit; in pun iss li- ment thereof." There was great excitement on the cricket field on Wednesday when the Varsity for the second time this season beat the Normals, I 3-2. The three 'Varsity goals were scored by Neal, the last being a gem. The foot- work did not reach a high standard, being far below tha t 01 pre-war days. The Rev. T. C. Williams. M.A., Menai Bridge, addressed the members of the College Christian lnioll lat night
I ABERYSTWITH.
I ABERYSTWITH. "A.O.K. writing to the Manchester Guardian, sai,s: Last Christmas term wo numbered about four hundred and there were twice as many women students as men. Now the number is well over a thousand, and men students are in a vast majority. The men are mostly. ex-service students, and arc of all ages; very different from the time when the "freshers" were boys -of seventeen or eight- een coming straight from school. A large number of meli have been in college before, having left in the middle of their course to scyv3 in the army or the navy. The Senate wisely and sympathetically moved along with the times. Certain obsolete rules restricting social intercourse have been largely done away with, and we are moving more and more to a system of complete self-government. Dis- ciplinary powers have been granted to the Men's S(,Ctioiiil Couticil, and the Students' Representative Council are to deal with any matters that may arise; only serious cases will be relegated to the Senate. The Literary and Debating Society, which still holds its proud isolation aa the only society which all students attend, is very flourishing. The first meeting was a mock election, where the Liberal candidate kept up the unbroken tradition of representing us in Parliament. In the next. meeting the "pre- sent state of Lnglish drama" was deplored. Prohibition was warmly debated, and won by a small majority, and on the 2St.li members of the staff were i invited to discuss the question "that beauty is a higher ideal than virtue." There have been numerous changes in-the staff, the chief being the appointment, of Mr J. H. Davies as principal. From the stand- point of th<' students especially this is a most popular appointment. Under the direction of Dr. Walford Davies the old Choral Society has been revived.
iWALES' AMBITION.
WALES' AMBITION. POWERS OF A WELSH PARLIAMENT I A conference of representatives of local authorities in Wales was held on Wednes- day at Shrewsbury to consult with mem- bers of the Speaker's Commission as'to what provisions and powers should be pressed for in the scheme of self-govern- ment for Wales. The Commissioners pre- sent were Mr J. Hugh Edwards, M.P., and Mr Forestier Walker, M.P. Lord A bevdare, who presided, explained that the object of the meeting was to give the Commissioners an opportunity of ascertaining the ambition of Welshmen as to the new Parliamentary system which before long would have to be set up amongst them so that they could put their views before the sittings of the Commission at Westminster. Mr Hugh Edwards said they were not in a position to communicate any defiiiit43 information at present in regard to tihe decision of the Commission, as the Com- mission had not taken any formal decision on the matters concerned. Mr Edwards went on to read a. list of the powers pro- posed to be devolved on the Welsh Par- liament and those to be retained by Imperial Parliament, but he said that at the Speaker's request he must ask the Press to refrain from giving them. There was, however, no question that it would be one Parlia- ment for Wales with a Welsh Prime Minister. He had boerp given to under- stand that Shropshire, with its capital Shrewsbury, would like to come in. (A Voice: And Hereford.) Shrewsbury was the capital of the ancient Welsh province of Powisland. WALES TO SUFFER FINANCIALLY. I On the question of finance, the Chair- man said he doubted whether very large powers would be given them. Mr Hugh Edwards said there wa.s no doubt that Wales would suffer finanoia.Uy by devolution, but so would Scotland and Ireland, and, as those countries were pre- pared to make the sacrifice, he hoped Wales wotild adopt the same attitude. If Walios did nob want a Parliament, then the Principality would be tacked on to -England. The inclusion of Monmouthshire within the scheme was strongly advocated by the Conference. An Advisory Committee was appointed representing Welsh public bodies to con- fer with the Commission.
DEATH OF A WEL&H BARD. I
DEATH OF A WEL&H BARD. I The &ath occurred on Wedn esday of Ml I William Roberts, Llangollen, well-known under the bardic name of "Gwilym Ceir |J iog." He was in his 58th year.
I 100 YEARS AGO.
I 100 YEARS AGO. FROM THE I gtovt4 SPota* (Saictte I (NOW NORTH wAlP; CHRONICLE). CASTLE BANK BOARDING SCHOOL, BANGOR, MISS DONBAVAND Having determined to rehire from tOO above establishment, takes this mode of expressing her gratitude for the many favors she received during her long sniper in tendency of it. Miss D. also takes this opportunity to recommend as her successor, Miss Threl- faJl, a lady who has faithfully acted as I Goyerness in her School for the last eight years, and for whose abilities Miss D. can vouch with the greatest reliance. MISS THRELFALL Respectfully solicits the continuance of that support to the establishment under her auspices as was experienced for so long a period under those of her pre- decessor, and which it will be her study to merit by a strict attention, to the com- fort and improvement of her pupil- Miss T. purposes opening the School in her own name after the Christmas Recess. Terms, as usual. Castlo Bank, Oct. 26th, 1819.
WATERLOO ASSEMBLY ROOMS.
WATERLOO ASSEMBLY ROOMS. The Waterloo Assembly Rooms, lately erected over the New' Market Place, in this oi'tzy, will be opened, for the first time, on Monday next, for Mr Stephen- son's Annual Ball. The Ball Room, which is extremely Weil proportioned, is 40 feet in length, and 20 feet in breadth, and will have a very splendid effect when the Pier Glasses and Chandeliers are added to it.
ACCIDENT AT GARTH COPPER I…
ACCIDENT AT GARTH COPPER MINE. Yesterday, as two workmen were pre- paring a blast atlhe Copper mine, lately opened at Garth near this city, it unfor- tunately went off before they had time to make their escape. One man had the sinews of his wrist dreadfully lacerated, and had aJso several pieces of the rock forced into his cheek; the other man was carried some distance by the concussion of the blast, but, upon the whole,. was more fortunate than his fellow-workman. A large piece of rock, providentially, passed between the two men, which, had it struck against them, must have pro- duced instantaneous death.
FREEMASONRY. I
FREEMASONRY. I I LLANDUDNO MARK MASONS. -1 The annual meeting of the members of the St. David s Lodge (No. 58) of Mark Master Masons took place at the Llandud- no Masonic Hall, yesterday, when Bro. Alec G. Moy, Pro v. G.S.O., was installed in the chair. There was a good gathering of the brethren, including the Provincial Grand Mark Master, R.W. Bro. Sir W. B. H. Hughe-s-Hunter, P.G.M.O. of Eng., and the Deputy Provincial G. Mark Mas- ter, W. Bro. Kenneth MeEwen. The new Marie Master appointed and in- vested the following as his officers :-W. Bro. H. E. G. Bonnalie, P. Prov. G.J.D., I.P.M.; Bro. E. S. Lanoe, P.P.G.A.D.C., S.W.; Bro. J. E. Hallmark, P.G.S.D., J.W.; Bro. F. W. Williams, P.P.G.S., M.a. Bro. W. T. Brockiehurst, P.P.G.I.G., S.O.; Bro. S. L. Salaedo, P.P.G.S., J.O.; Bro. LJ. R. Hughes, M.A., chaplain; W. Bro. William Price, P.M., P.G.S.W., W. Bro. T. 0. Mor- gan, P.M., P.P.G.J.W., secretary; W. Bro. Chas. M. Lees, P.M., P.O., treasurer, Reg. of Marks; W. Bro. S. Chantrey, P.M., P.P.G.S.W., D. of C.; Bro. Richard William*, P.G.S.B., S.D.; Bro. A. Ernest Jones, P.G.G. Org., J.D.; W. Bro. A. G. Kaye, P.P.G.S.O., Asst. D. of C.; Bro. T. Osborne Roberts, P.G. Org., organist; Bro. John J. Riley, I.G.; Bro. Walter J. Parry a.nd Bro. William Williams, stew- ards and Bro. T. J. Davies, tyler. The banquet took place after the meeting at the Imperial Hotel.
IINSTALLATION AT PORTMADOC._I
I INSTALLATION AT PORTMADOC. I On Tuesday the annual festival of St. John was celebrated by the members of M-adoc, Lodge of Freemasons, at Portmadoc, and not for many years had there been such a large attendance. Pro. Arthur Llewelyn Morris was installed as Worshipful Master for the ensuing year, the ceremony of installation bo- ing performed by W.Bro. J. Jones Morris, P.M., P.P.G.S.W., who was assisted by W. Bros. W. H. Mallet, J. Owain Hughes, D. Pierce Jones, D. Llewelyn Hughes, and T. J. Goodwill. The newly-installed W.M. invested the fol- lowing as his officers for the ensuing year Acting I.P.M., W. n. Mallet; S. W., Richard Jones; J.W., John J. Jones; Chaplain, R. Jones Lloyd: Treasurer. John Evans; Secre- tary, J. Owain Hughes; D. of C.. Fierce Jones; S.D.. Thomas Picton: J.D., Richard Lewis; Almoner, John Evans; Organist, n. Livingstone Davies; J.G., Isaac Lloyd Jones; S.S., Stanley Martin; J.S.. Robert- Edwards; Assistant Stewards, R. B. Baird and W. Oar- adoe Davies; Tyler, Wm. Jones; Charity Ite- presentative, R. Jones Lloyd, The banquet m-26 hekl at the Sportsman Rotel.
I THE PRINTING INDUSTRY. I
I THE PRINTING INDUSTRY. I I INCREASE FOR NORTH WALES I EMPLOYEES. An agreement has just been concluded between the Printers' Unions and the Federation of Master Printers and the Newspaper Society, whereby the men secure a further increase of 7s 6d per week. It noteworthy that this increase is to be paid to all engaged in the indus- try who a,re not in receipt of 20s above the minimum rate. The total increases secured by printers since 1914 amount to about 133 per cent. on the rates then pre- vailing. It is an i;ntemltun& commemt on the pace at which wages have ad- vanced in the printing industry during the past five years that Sir Robert Giffen, writing in 1887 on the "Progreas of the Working Classes" during the previous 50 years, came to the conclusion That the rise in nearly all trades has been from 50 to 100 per cenlt. Compositors, he said, had doubled their money wages during the century. And Mr Sidney Webb, in a rte- view of Labour's progress, published in 1897. stated that the average earnings of Edinburgh compositors in 1803 varie-d from 13s 9d to 17a lid per week. In 1805, ha says, a new scale was fixed, which ra.ised the average earnings to about 20s 3d per week, but from 1805 to 1861 no advance was made. In 1861 the rate was raised to 2b. and by 1897 the printers in that city had established a minimum rate of 32s 6d per week. Present-day printers evidently believe in a, quicker paw than their forefathers. [We are authoritatively informed that printers' wages have increased since 1914 (allowing for reduction of hours a.nd week's holiday on full pay] about 150 per cent. ]
NEW EDITOR OF THE "DAILYI…
NEW EDITOR OF THE "DAILY I MAIL. Sir Campbell Stuart is to be managing editor of the Daily Mail. He was born in Canada, of Irish extraction, and is only thirty-three years of age. Sir Campbell re- cruited tho Ducheas of Connaugbt's Irish Canadian Rangers in the Province of Quebec, and marched them through Ire- land early in tho war as a practical ad- vertisement for Irish recruiting. Since then he has occupied more than one diplo- matic and administrative position of the highest importance, and always with con- spicuous success. X
ITHE CRUSHING BURDEN1 OF HIGH…
I THE CRUSHING BURDEN1 OF HIGH RATES. (By RICHARD HIGGS). j (By RICHARD HIGGS). I I DIRECT REDUCTION. I Everywhere local rates arc going up, and tftrey are rapidly becoming an intol- erable burden to the people. We axe told that rates cannot come down, and the rate- payers must put up with all the suffering and trouble caused by hig& rates. I deny it! I deny that a free people, has no remedy against the burden of high rates. I assert, without any fear of con- tradiction, as a business proposition, that rates can be reduced just as much and just as soon as the ratepayers wish. The common p(--ople-t" c unoiticia!, unknown, toiling millions in this country—are its masters, and if they desire t-o pay only one-haif or one-quarter of their present rates, or no rates at all, they are well within their rights in so doing according to old English law and custom. We are a free, sell-governing nation we are not the slaves of our own paid officials, or even of our elected representatives on local councils; and if we choose to exer- cise our constitutional powers, neither Parliament nor local ,authorities can pre- h ie biir,uen of li 18, h vent our doing so. Tlie burden of high rates, then, can be reduced or abolished just as soon as we, tilic common people, wish. How can it be done? Wait a moment, and first let us ex- amine the problem a little before we see how rates can be reduced or abolished entirely. Wages are going up beea-use the cost of living is going up, and high wages produce a high cost of public service, and wihen public services are costly, rates have to be raised to pay for them, and high rates are added to the cost of every arti- cle purchased in the shops, and the cost of living is raised by 'high rates. It is a cir- cle, because every increase of wages is put on to the cost of living, and every in- crease in the cost of living is put on to the rat,,s, uid that causes a demand for higher wages. Always and ever the poorest have, to pay, and an increase of wages is no cure for poverty. Let OUT Labour friends put Viat in tineir pipes and smoke it! Again, I repeat that high wages never can, never will, and never have been a cure for poverty, because high wages m- area.se the cost of living, and the cure for poverty must be found in quite another direction. Of course, tshe wealthy trading li.m and the wealthy labouring classes may bo able to bear the burden of the rising rates for a little longer, hut the real poor people with fixed incomes, such as clergy and ministers, and the small pro- fessional men, are even now suffering greatly as the result of high rates and high prices for all the good, they buy. Once more, how can the rates be re- duced? There are two ways of doing it. The first is by using tihe heavy axe, a.nd simply cutting down the expenditure of public bodies. The second is by construc- tive effort in another direction. Let us look at the first. High rates are demand- ed for the upkeep of t'ae. roads. If the people cannot afford tihe luxury of good roads, let us do without. It is no use starving ourselves in order to have good ,roads. High rates are demanded for the education of the people. If the ratepay- ers oamnot, or will not, afford the luxury of a high educational standard, let us do with less education. It is no use h ghiy educating children whose parents cannot provide them with food and clothing, and if good schools and Ihighly paid teachers cannot be paid for, we must 00 less ambi- tious and do without things we caamot afford, as we do in private life. And so it is right through the public service. If the people decide t'hey cannot afford the luxury of being inspected and controlled, and ruled by a 'horde of highly-paid offi- ciate, tihe people must "sack the lot," and live without such nursemaids, as we have done before. That is the simplest way of reducing rates. If the people decide that ,they oamnot afford higjh rates, all they have to do is to give their local councils notice that they refuse, to accept elive.ry of certaan goods and will refuse to pay for them if they are delivered. There is nothing wrong, nothing immoral about it; only just a simple, every day business transaction between buyer and seller, or master and servant. Of course tjnere is the whole question of waste and extrava- gance to be considered, and if the people decide to refuse to pay extravagant and unnecessary demands, the procedure is very easy. Let an informal committee of business men in any district meet and examine the figures of expenditure and decide upon which items are extravagant, and then ut their decisions before tine ratepayers in a public meeting, and, if en- dorsed, politely tell the rate spenders that certain expenditure must be stopped or it will not be paid for, and the thing is done. In these ways rates can be reduced at once and effectively, and without any-ill- feeling or unpleacsantness. Now look at the other plan—by con- structive effort. The cost of food is ris- ing, and that causes high rates. Why is the cost of food rising? The sun and rain cost no more than tncy did years ago. The whole cycle of natural processes cost no more. There is no more muscular effort needed by men or horses to produce food now than there was a few years ago. There is less instead of more, because of the 'help of new and improved tools and machinery. Why, then, has the cost of production of food risen so much? The ajMwer is because labour is paid for by money. Now, without going into tilie complicated and difficult q ueshon of the nature and function of money payments for services rendered, it is clear enough to the average man that if human labour could be applied to the source of all wealth—the land—and receive its remu- neration or wages largely in tine form of goods produced, the cost of living would be so far reduced to its previous level or below it, and rates could be reduced ac- cordingly. Is it practicable? Of course it is. Humanity lives by the application of its own labour to the natural sources of food and clothing. Human effort on the one hand, and natural effort on the other, oast no more to-day than tiaey did long ago, and only the machinery of organisa- tion is wanted to bring the result of re- duced cost of living and lower rates. Wha.t organisation is required Space wiU not permit me to show this in any detail here, but if the public wish to know how rate col- lectors can be placed on the list of the unemployed by a rational and businesslike form of organisation, and the Editor al- lows me the space for another article, the solution of this problem can easily be given.
THEI SCAPA FLOW SCUTTLING.
THE SCAPA FLOW SCUTTLING. ORDERED BY BERLIN. I German mendacity received yesterday its most complete exposure. The German Government, in a Note published on Monday, have denied all re- sponsibility few the sinking of thcir fleet a.t Soapa Flow in violation of the peace terms, and have declined to surrender the 400,000 tous of shipping demanded by the Allies as cQmpe«sation. They are con- victed of fraud and lying by two docu- ments recovered from the private cabin of Admiral von Router, the Gorman com- mander, in his scuttled flagship, the Em- den." One of these, marked "Most secret. is from Rear-Admiral von Trot ha, chief of the German Admiralty. It proves conclusively that as early as May 9th— six weeks before the scuttling-the Ger- mans had determined that the ships should not be surrendered. The other, dated June 17th, oonitains von Reuter's full arrangements for sinking the ships, which were duly carried out on June 21st.
I -LADY ASTOR, M.P.
I LADY ASTOR, M.P. I FIRST WOMAN MEMBER TO SIT IN I HOUSE OF COMMONS. Lady Astor, who was returned M.P. for the Sutton Division of Plymouth, with a majority of 5203, appeared in the House of Commons on Monday. There was quite a mob in the central lobby waiting for her, and the inner lobby was crowded with strangers in a surprising way, particularly from half-past two in the afternoon. Only as many of these strangers as got into one or other of the galleries saw her at all. She arrived about three o'clock, and came in by the mem- bers' entrance unseen. The lobby gradually deared, and by the time she entered it with one companion about half-past three it was almost de- serted except for the attendants of the House. She crossed over to the Govern- ment Whips' room for a brief call, and then crossed the lobby again to the door of the House. One had only a glimpse of a Sllendr, graceful ifgure, not very tall, in a dark costume with a white blouse. The mueh-talked-of hbt was a crown- shaped tooue of black velvet. THE PREMIER AND MR BALFOUR AS SPONSORS. At the door of the House Lady Astor was more self-possessed than either of her sponsors—as a woman should be. She had called, by the way, at the House at about ten o'clock in the morning as many new members do for a rehearsal. Mr Lloyd George and Mr BaJfour, on the other hand, were distinctly self-conscious, and the least bit schpol-boyish about it all. When the summons came there was a slight hitch, but not on Lady Astor's part. Mr Lloyd George started with the wrong foot, or too soon or something, or else Mr Balfour was too late, but a second ad- justed it, a.nd the rest of the promenade was accomplished without incident. Lady Astor bowed like her sponsors. The House generally had certainly no sense of the gravity of a niistoric occasion. They clear- ly took it as a lark, and the cheers J'cre distinctly gay cheers. The affa.ir had quite unsettled the House, which was too rest- less to take any interest in questions at all. After signing the roll Lady Astor slipped out behind the Speaker's chajr and did not take her place until a few minutes later. She sat on a corner seat on the Opposition side below the gangway with some of the new Coalition members for her neighbours, to whom she confided that she was going to vote against premium bonds. I LADY ASTOR HAS TO JUMP. I Lady Astor received on Tuesday night her first lesson from the Speaker in Par- liamentary rules. A division was being set in motion, and Lady Astor ellitelfed the House from behind the Speaker's chair and walked down towards the swing doors. Before reaching the Bar, and while still "within the House, she stopped and car- ried on conversation with Sir John Rees. "Order, order 1" oalled the Speaker, as she was talking on forbidden ground. Lady Astor did not realise her offence at first. The Speaker oalled Order, oxder 1" again, and this time the new woman M.P. sprang beyond the Bar to safety.
IA PARLIAMENTARY SKETCH.
I A PARLIAMENTARY SKETCH. I House of Commons, Thursday. I THE LADY'S ADVENT. Lady Astor's advent to Parliament has, in my humble judgment, been worth aU the notoriety which it has achieved. Some people are inclined to make light of it, but, after all, she is thu first of woman- kind to represent her sex in the repre- sentative Oliaml)er of the "Mother of Parliaments. If for that and nothing more, Lady Abtor's name will figure con- spicuously on the pages of recorded his- tory. The House, in its own way, showed that it grasped the significance of the occasion. Some mild flippancies were quite in the mood of a gathering of men who do not carry their thoughts on their a'eeves. Everyone who saw the new woman M.P. advance from the bar to take her legitimate place among the elected representatives of the people reahsed tlifey were witnessing an epoch-marking event, but they did not want to show it. I "A SIGN AND SYMBOL." I It is not only possible but very pro- bable that Lady Astor will not take a great influencing part in the deliberations of tho nation, but she is a sign and a symbol of a full, frank and five awaken- ing of democratic instincts which have been roused by the war. There is not a little significance in the fact that with old prejudices against her, she should "Kave been returned by a working-class constituency as a "young Unionist with a vote that more than balanced the poll of the two candidates who described them- selves as democratic. A very old and very faithful pre-war Liberal who wa.t<jMd'her take her seat in tihe House of Commons gripped mo by the arm and whispered to me, "The political creed of that woman is the salt and savour of hjliman pro- gress. I. • „ I QUIET-THEN, CHEERS 1 I have seldom seen so restrained a House as that which welcomed Lady Astor. Questions were duly dealt with in an atmosphere of pent-up excitement which did not break loose even when Lady Astor made a premature appear- ance at tho Bar. That the whole House did not rise and cheer her at that mo- mcnt was a remarkable instance of the dignity of the House of Commons. Not till Mr Speaker had called for New Members to take their seats," and till Lady Astor with the Prime Minister end Mr Balfour as her sponsors hiid begun to advance to the table did tho House take cognisance of her presence. Them there was a roar of cheering renewed again and again when she presented her writ and took the oath. Mr Will Thorne inter- jected a warning to the Prime Minister that lie had better take care lest he lost his job. The very irrelevance of it empha- sise d the momentous importance of the first woman taking her legitimate place in the grand council of the nation. W W I I PREMIUM BONDS. I The uninteresting thing about Premium Bonds debate was that everybody knew before it began that the proposal would he defeated. The majority of 192 against the innovation in quite a small division Lobby was rather more than was ajitici- pated, but the eloquence of Mr Bottom- ley and Sir Clement Kinloch-Cooke, who sponsored the innovation, is bound fo stand a very poor chance when Mr Austen Chamberlain, Mr Bonar Law, and Sir Frederick Banbury bring ruthless facts to bear against a scheme of the kind. Without entering seriously into the ques- tion of whether Premium Bonds were immoral or non-moral, the bulk of the majority came to the conclusion that the financial result would not be worth while, and so the suggestion was defeated. Premium Bonds do not enter into the British financial scheme, and on the whole there is no very good reason why the experiment should be made. J. F. I
ITHE DOUGLAS PENNANTI REPORT.
THE DOUGLAS PENNANT I REPORT. The Seloot Committee of the House of Lords which is considering the Douglas Pennant case, met again on Wednesday afternoon, in private, further to "consider their report.
Advertising
r — -1 I L\ flf A /nos 0 1 I Unr/uci/fcc/ | 11 t FURS. I BLOUSES. i I SCARVES. I ? l? ? j STOCKINGS | I I ?(r ?'? M? ??? ?-  !————  I j COATS. 1 GLOVES. I  I "UNDIES."   "HANKIES." J I I Is Always Seen at Warlski's CIlRISTIAS-the great Home I-'estivai, the time when friends foregather and delight in the giving ot Giiis —is already near. We believe that every Lady engaged' on Xmas Shopping will benefit herself-and lis-by spend- ing an hour or so "looking round" our store in all its joyous display of countless gift suggestions. AT WARTSKI'S she will find the mos welcome Gift I Aof all for each member of the home chcie—for relations and for friends—above all-he wid n-nd them at the price she wants to pay. is a I' pleasure and a pastime at W A RISK IS. -1 Evening Frocks and Accessories tor Xmas Fun and Frolic are assembled in (i lovely art-ay tor your delighted choosing. Wartski's I (BY THE CATHEDRAL) I' Bangor.
I CARNARVON HARBOUR I TRUST.
CARNARVON HARBOUR I TRUST. DOCK ANJD- HAKBOlfl PLANS. I A STEAMER SERVICE. I A meet ins- of the Carnarvon Harbour Trust was held on Tuesday, Mr Owen Jones, J.P. (Maor) in the chair, who was congratulated upon his election to the Mayoralty of the town. A letter was read from the Minstry of Trans- port asking for some information regarding the extent of the harbour and docks. Mr L'ritibin was of opinion that. the Ministry required the information to make the nec- essary arrangements to relieve the traffic on the railways. I Mr W. U. Thomas thought that the object of the 3Iinistry was to develop as much as possible the traffic by sea. He proposed that the Trust, should supply all the information they could. Mr R. Newton contended that tne Ministry, if they wanted the information, should pre- pare their own plans. The Government set up departments and fully staffed them, but they got their work done by other people for nothing. It having been explained that the expense wojild be nominal, it was decided to comply with lioe Ministry's rcguest. [ ADVERTISING THE TOWN. I It was recommended by the Finance Com mittee that the sum of Y,10 should be spent in advertising the town. Mr John Pritchard called attention to the large number of passengers that had come to the tpwu last summer with the "St. Trillo." This had brought a big- revenue to the Trust, He thought- that they should advertise more- extensively, and he proposed that the contri- coi-u-ibuted by the Town Council. Tty's was seconded by Mr H. Bodvel Roberts. The Clerk (Mr Charles A. Jones) explained that the whole contribution made by the town was now £ 33. After further discussion, and in view of the financial position of the Trust, it was resolved to subscribe one half of the amount tributed by the Town Council. THE MOORING OF VESSELS. I Some discussion followed on the question of the moorings of vessels along the low water landing stage. The Clerk said that there was nothing in any Act of Parliament which gave vessels the right of doing ro. Mr J. Pritchard said that the Corporation had secured the ferry rights and had therefore a right to moor at the stage for a reasonable time. The Clerk said Jt was not a question of ferry rights. The question to be considered was the damage done to the stage. He agreed that the "Arfon" had a right to use the stage for a reasonable time to discharge passengers only, but not to be allowed to moor there. Mr W. G. Thomas: Does the vessel moor there over night- The Clerk; Yes. Mr W. G. Thomas contended that in the opinion of the Clerk the vessel had no busi- ness to be there, and that the Corporation in future be informed that they must abide with his advice. I CHARGES ON VESSELS. I Correspondence wa.s received from Capt. E. "James Fletcher," a H. Nicholson, of s. steamer belonging to the Fishery Board, stat ing that fie understood the TruM had decided to charge 3d. per ton on all vessels using! the dock. He considered that as his vessel was employed in the interest of fishing his steamer should be exempt from paying. The matter was deferred for a month. "ST. TRILLO'S" 20,000 PASSENGERS. I A letter was received from Messrs J. O. Robcrt-s and Co., timber merchants, of Liver- pool, who are about to open a depot in the town, requesting to be informed of the terms ot the tenancy of the warehouse on trust pro- perty which was being offered them by Messrs Robert Owen and Co. Mr Richards, on be- half of the Finance Committee, recommend- ed that the matter be deferred. He inci- dentally mentioned that during the last sum- mer season nearlv 20,000 passengers were land- ed in the town by the "St. Triilo," and this, under the circumstances, was regarded as very favourable. Mr W. U. Thomas asked, in reference to the warehouse, whether the committco had con- sidered the possibility of cargo steamers again running and making use of the premises..He knew about certain representations which had gone up to the Government with regard to such a steamer service, and pending develop- ment in that respect he asked if it was wise to hand over the tenancy of tho warehouse. Mr Richards replied that that would be borne in mind by the committee, who would not do anything until the whole matter had been gone into. v »
LOCAL GOVERNMENTI OFFICERS.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT I OFFICERS. ANGLESEY AND CARNARVONSHIRE I BRANCH FORMED. There was a representative gathering of local government officers at the Queen's Head Cafe, Bangor, last Friday night un. der the chairmanship of Mr J. Gill, Ban- gor, when it was formally d«ei<j<cd to form au Anglesey and Carnarvonshire branch of the National Union of Local Government Officers. Mr Price White Baijgor) read the rules formulated by a sub-committee. It was decided that membership should be con- fined to officials directly remunerated by their respective authorities. The officials were elected as foflows:- President, Mr J. Gill; vice president, Mr Roberts, Pwllheli; eeeretary, Mr David Williams, Bangor; and treasurer, Mr R. D. Evans, Bangor. Mr Aequith (Holyhead) remarked that it was desirable that all the officials should live in or near Bamgor so as to facilitate* the working of the branch.
Family Notices
Births, Marriages ana Ueaths. Births, Marriages. Deaths, and it: Memoriam Notices Uv/m/i must be aui/iuiticutui audi prtuaid), 5s for not more than lour Lines, and úd lor each additional line. "Forth- coming Marriage?," 7s 6d og imrrtlOn. Lists of Wedding Presents *11 Funeral Wreaths, 3s Gd per inch. ''Ackncwledg* ments, os per paragraph. BIRTHS. TOCKER -On the 30th of November, at the Granu Lodge, Liandegai, to Mr and Mris Tocker, a sou. JONES. On November 30th, at Cliffe Holme, Brynmor-road, Aberyswyth, to Mr and Mrs S. G. Jones mee Enid Lewis), a daughter1* MARRIAGES. BALL—R O L A N D T H O M A S.—Nov ember, 19th, at Christ. Church, London, by the lie*. A. J. Bestic, M.A., Capt. J. A. H. BaU. M.C., son of the ltev. and Mrs H. Ball. Rostrevor, Ireland, to J. H. W. (Donuiek only daughter of the )atc Rev. J. U()wJan Thomas, formerly Vicar of Caerfallwch (RbOll' esmorj, Flintshire, and Mrs Rowlaud-ThomaaL Rhyl. DEATHS. NICKSON.—November 27th, at Ash LeaL Penmaenmawr, late of Croesair, Tatycafn, aaa of I'restwich, Catherine (Kate). the beloved wife of Henry Nickson, aged bl years. McCORQLODALE. December ist, afj Knockmark, Drumrce, Emily, widow of ttfb late George McCorquodale, of Ncwton-ie-Wil- lows, and Gadlys, Anglesey. ACKNOWLEDGMENT, JONES.—Mr A. Jones and Mr R. J. Jones and family, 352, High-street.. Bangor, desire to thank all those kiud friends who sent wreaths and messages of condolcnce, in their sad bereavement. IN MEMORIAM. ROGERS. In loving remembrance of Mamie, who passed away December 9th, 19181 -ad].v missed by her parents, brothers, sister, and little Edgar, Bryn, Liandegai. PARRY.—In loving memory of our dearest beloved; daughter, Gracie, who passed away; December 8th, 1918, aged 5 years. Our flower was taken from us, It was Jesus who called her away; .We know she's at rest in heaven, A bright. JitUe angel arrayed. -Foudi.v remembered by mother, father, sis- ters and brothers, at Llaneilian HODS&. 89, Carnarvon-road, Bangor. PARRY.—In ever loving memory of Flight Scrgt.. John Parry, tho beloved son of Mrs and the late Richard Parry, who died in France, December 4Ui, 1918. Could I, his mother, have clasped his hand. The -on I loved so well; And kissed his brow when death was nigh, And whisrpered. "John farewell;" Dear John I will not forget the words You said to soothe my pain; "Don't worry" was your last farewell, "I will soon be home again." --Sadly missed by his loving mother, sister, and brothers, 22, Cecil-street. Holyhead.
Advertising
J. Fletcher, Ltd., Pendrof Monumental Works, Bangor Lar jest Stock. Best Workmanship. LowMt pri«M. INSPECTION INVITED. Als* at Victoria Dock, Carnarvon MOURNING. Relief of dress details is always wel. come. We devote the moat con. siderate attention to all dress require- ments. Costumes, Dbxsses, Blouses, Miluniby, ready to wear, fashion- able. refined, and right in price. WARTSKl'S, BANGOR.
SALE OF ANGLESEY CAMP HUTS.
SALE OF ANGLESEY CAMP HUTS. On Wednesday, Messrs John Pritchard and Co., auctioneers, Bangor, conducted a successful sale of huts at the Kingshriàge Camp, Beaumaris. There was a large attendance, intending buyers being far more numerous than the number of labs offered for sale. The whole of the women's camp came under the hammer, the prin- cipal structure being the administrative hut, which was bought by a local 00- Operative Society for B197. Other prices wereSleeping hut, 60ft. long, £ 108, to Mr Taylor, Oolwyn Bay, and a similar one for C105 to Mr Porter, Bury, Lanos.; a hut, 80ft. long, 9130, to Dolgarrog; hos- pital hut, 40ft., £ 87, to Mr Pritcharrf, Llanfair. Living hqts made from £75 to £ 117. Several lots of minoi erection^ such as stores, ba.th-houses, and cook- houses, made from Bll to £ 35; and fit- tin.gs, comprising baths, boilers, etc., were disposed of at good prices.
HEADQUARTERS FOR WELSH PRIORY…
HEADQUARTERS FOR WELSH PRIORY OF ST. JOHN. It has been decided to build, at a coat of E70,000, headquarters for the Wel*- Priory of the Order of St. John of Jeruatt- len-a at Cardiff. The site is near the ruina of the ancient Greyfriars Priory io Cathay's Park, on land belonging to Lord Bute, who has offered to contribute £ 6000 towards the building fut-I