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FIELD AND FARM. .—

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FIELD AND FARM. .— THE HARVEST. Extreme neat and bright sunshine have forced on the harvest to embarrassing degree. All the corn seems to be ripening at onoo (says the "Agricultural Gazetteand) there is no appreciable interval between winter oats, spring oats, and wheat. The self-hinders are taxed to the utmost, and a breakdown in one of these important instruments is regarded as a serious misfortune. In such a season it is idle to argue as to the precise stage, at which a corn crop should be severed from the ground, as it is mther a question of getting on as fat as pos- sible, and the fear is rather that of letting the crops sta-ndtoo long than of cutting them too early. The effect of such tropical heat and •brightness must be beneficial on deep soils •which, can hold out against it, hut on gravels and burning soils the crops have ripened too last, and the wheat cannot fail to be pinched and the barley rendered "steely." The season has not been favourable for spring oats at any z;1 period, but I have seen some very fine pieces of winter oats, likely to yield1 over 7 qr. per acre. If the present weather continues another fort- night we ehaill see a. large proportion, of the corn crops secured south of the Thames and Severn. There is little new to remark upon harvest operations, as they have for some years been very simple, thanks to the general use of self- binders. The crops should be cut- and carried at the proper times, but in such weather as we are now enjoying it would 'be difficult to far wrong. TURNIP MUD BEETLE. A leaflet on the turnip mud-beetle (Helophorus rragosus) has been issued by the Board of Agriculture. The beetle is described as 'widely distributed in England and' Wales; while one authority is quoted as having declared it to be scarce in Scotland, the only complaints of its destructive. work that have come to the knowledge of the Board have been sent from Aberdeenshire. The grubs eat the leaves, tunnel the stalks, and gnaw the roots. The bootIes are also said to aid, in the injurious work. The life history of the beetle is not fully known. Stimulating manure is the best known remedy when a. crop is attacked. LIVE STOCK RETURNS. Commenting upon the figures relating to live stock in countries of Continental Europe given in the complete Agricultural Returns, published last week, Major Craigie has reason to regret the defective records. But so far as the herds of cattle in Russia, Germany, France, and Austria are concerned, there appears to have teen a general increase. The combined herds of these countries and those of the United Kingdom are estima,ted to have increased about 22 per cent. in the last thirty years. It is added that, "except in our own case" the gain in cattle has been attended by a large shrinkage in the flocks of sheep. The exception is not Iborne out by a. table in the Returns putting rIJhe number of sheep in the United Kingdom for 1875 at 33,491,948, and that of 1904 at 29.105,109. Large, but much larger proportionate, reduc- tions have taken place in France, Germany, and Austria-Hungary. While the reduction in our flocks since- 1873 is put at 15 per cent.. it is Beckoned to be over 30 per cent, in France and 60 per cent. in Germany. In Austria-Hungary file reductionappeam, to be about 50 per cent., r.o,f-ur as can be told by the irregular enumera- tions. THE QUALITY OF MILK. Experiments carried out at Garforth for the University of Leeds and the Yorkshire Council for Agricultural Education in the third yea.r with the object of ascertaining whether inequalities in the quality of the morning and evening milk could be remedied. by kinds and times of feeding with concentrated food, are the subject of a report. The general conclusion, supported1 by the. results of each year, is that no BMbteriial difference can be made by the methods tri-ed. So long as the hours between the milk- ing3 are widely divergent the quality of LLle morning's milk must be much poorer than that of the afternoon's milk. TUBERCULOSIS IN CATTLE. The contention that hnvin-e tuberculosis is a different disease from consumption in mankind is ,supported by the conclusions of the commis- sion- of experts of the German Government. They report that bovine and human bacilli are absolutely distinct biologically: t'he one never develops or changes into the other. So far the octtanission has examined the bodies- of fifty- six persons who died from tuberculosis. In fifty cases, only human bacilli could be dis- covered. In six oases the bovine bacillus was found1. Three of those cases were young children, and' the surmise is that they received the bacillus from the milk of a diseased cow. Two other cases showed bovine bacilli in the glands, and human bacilli in all other portions et the body. These were distinct cases of -double infection. Another most important case is one of lung tuberculosis, where in the diseased lung both bovine and human bacilli were associated. The conclusion of the com- aniasion, in general terms, is tha-t. tuberculosis in human beings is caused by the human bacillus, but that it 'behoves us to be careful to secure ourselves against infection from bovine bacillus ateo. HORSES AND THE HEAT. The experiences of the heat wave (says the "Live Stock Journal") have been disastrous to some horse-owners, who have endured heavy losses through valuable animals falling whilst at work and injuring themselves severely. As a rule, of course, the sun has been responsible for the chief share of such occurrences, but there must have often been contributory causes which incurred a certain amount of blame. Of these, overdriving a horse immediately after he has enjoyed a hearty meal is by no means ithe least infrequent, and its influence can be, avoided by feeding at more frequent intervals and in smaller quantities whilst the method to remedy the ill effects of overdriving is so obvious as to (require no reference being made to it. It sometimes happens that a horse falls in a dead faint when exposed to the sun, but very often ra weak heart hag a good dieal to do with this. At all events, if he cannot draw -up his tongue when it is pulled out a few inches, it <may safely be assumed that for the time being he is insen- sible, and means should be 'promptly adopted to asgist him in regaining consciousness. Of course, if possible, his tackle should be removed. and Ms head and mouth should be well dabbed over with cold water. Should hie ears and limbs be cold they should be pulled or rubbed to restore circulation, and as soon as he can swallow, a couple of wine-glassfuls of whisky in a pint and a half of water should be given him as a drench. Should he be cold when he recovers himself he ought to be thoroughly rubbed over, and if far from home it is best to leave him in a comfortable stable near where he is for the night. LARGE SHIPMENT OF CATTLE. A large and valuable consignment of live stock I was shipped by Messrs. Alfred Mans-ell and Co., of Shrewsbury, per s.s. Tritonia, of the Donald- eon Line, from Glasgow, comprising Shropshire, » Southdown, Cotswold and Border Leicester sheep, and other stock, on account of several Canadian and American flookmasters, including Mr. Robert Miller, Mr. W. C. Edwards, M.P., Mr" F. Harding, Messrs. Lloyd-Jones Bros., Mr. J. Kivlin, Mr. G. Telfer, and Mr. Frank. The Shropshires included Mr. Minton s first prize ewe lambs, Mr. R. P. Cooper's winning shear- ling ewe Mr. John Harding's Royal winning Tam lambs, Sir Walter Corbett's prize winning shearling ewes, Mr. John. Harding's h.c. shear- ling ram at Park Royal, third at Park Royal and second at S. and,, W. M. Show as a lamb, Mr. J- E. Harding's prize ram and ewe lambs. The Cotswolds comprised two of Mr. Game's first prize ram lambs at Park Royal, Mr. Game's Royal winning shearling ewes, a choice pen of ewe lambs from the same flock, and several shearling rams, including one or two of speoial ttnerit. The South down.s were from Mr. Adeane's noted flock, and Mr. W. S. Ferguson supplied the Border Leicester ram. The pigs included one of Mr. Fricker's first prize (Park Royal) young Berkshire boars, and a gilt from Mr. R. NV. Hudson's Rwyal winning pen. The Welsh ponies 'were clean-legged, stylish mares specially selected for bleeding purposes. The shipment was in charge of two capable men, and Mr. Hubert Mansell, -who is visiting the firm's" customers in America, was also on board.

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