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Public Meeting.

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Public Meeting. Interesting Speeches. To forward the candidature of Mr S. T. Griffin lot a seat on the Monmouthshire County Council, rendered vacant by the death of Mr W. B. -Gething, a public meeting was held in the Town Hall Usk, on Monday evening, when Mr A. E. Bowen presided over a representative body of electors of the district. On the platform were the candidate, Lieutenant-Colonel D. E. Williams (chairman Pontypool Board of Guardians), Rev H. A. Williams (Llangibby), Messrs. J. Maitland Watkins (chairman of the Usk Conservative Association), R. St. John Beasley, J. H. Clark, aii, Foster Stedman (South Munmouthshire Con- servative Agent\ J. T. Hughes (Monmouth Boroughs Conservative Agent), R, H. Marfell, -and G. Frazer. The Chairman, in opening the proceedings, said they had met for the purpose of having the last word and giving Mr Griffin a good send-off" tfor the morrow. (Applause). Having thought .over the matter, he had come to the conclusion that nothing but the sternest sense of duty could "have made two such level-headed and eminently respectable men as Mr Griffin and Mr Hiley to come forward as candidates for a seat on the County Council, and if that were so he thought those present should do their part in getting their man Into the right place. The office of a County 'Councillor was not an easy one to fill if all the duties were carried out. He could imagine each .of the candidates having a doubt as to what his .duties, other than general, would be, if elected. He might be put on the Parliamentary Committee, »and indirectly, by that meaus, learn a little of the •geography of the Metropolis, or he might become a member of the Main Roads Committee, and in that way ha-ve to go all the way round the County to look at our little roads which require widening ,in view of the increasing motor traffic. Again, he might possibly get on the Education Committee, .and he (the speaker) was told that the members of that Committee spent laborious hours signing -.cheques. (Laughter). It had been whispered to "him that the first thing Mr Griffin would do when lie became their representative on the County Council would be to ask the Council to make the Borough of Usk a present of a Fire Brigade. ■(Laughter). If that came off he could only hope .-that the Brigade would be a useful one. He then -called upon the candidate to address the meet- in sr. <.> MR. S. T. GRIFFIN I -said he felt that the first duty he ought to perform --was to return thanks to his friends who attended that meeting, and more especially to those whom lie recognised as having come in from a consider- able distance to assist him upon this occasion. (Applause.) He was not quite sure what kind of speech they expected from him, but he did not in- tend to deal with Imperial politics further than to say a few words upon the question which he found uppermost in the minds of the majority of the alectors he had had the privilege of canvassing in 'the outside district during the last two or three weeks, and that was the Education Act and its local administration. He believed that that Act, like all other great reform measures passed in their time, might require some amendment at the hands .f whoever might be in power at no distant date, but what he would like to point out was the small measure of control which the Act left to the pro- prietors of the schools-small indeed as compared with the practical annexation of the Voluntary schools by the Educational Authority for which 'the Act provided. He would say that the Act should not be made the ground for immediate and violent attacks, still less should it be regarded as -a. justification for the extreme steps taken by the "Monmouthshire County Council in fixing such a .crushing and, if he might be allowed to say so, so "dishonest a demand upon the agricultural commu- nity for the carrying out of educational work in -.the County. (Hear, hear.) In his walks through the district he found out that, whatever opinions people might have about the Act itself, there could be no doubt that the majority of the electors had ,-satisfied themselves that the Mon. C.C. had not -dealt with the district of Usk as they ought to have done. The Council bad not shown that fair- ness which they might reasonably have expected from them, especially when they read of the ex- -extraordinary amount of CONSCIENCE I which they pretended to possess. The majority of -the people of the district had been educated in schools supported by voluntary contributions, and prior to the passing of the Education Act of 1870 it would be pretty well safe to say that all were. To-day we were called upon to pay a rate of some- thing like a shilling in the £ for educational pur- poses. Why was that ? Since the passing of the .Act of 1870 thousands of pounds had been spent upon board schools in the Eastern and Western Valleys, for which the ratepayers of those districts were responsible. Now that the County Council liad become the educational authority, in their -wisdom they had relieved those school board dis- tricts of from Is. to Is. 6d. in the £ and cast the burden upon the agricultural districts, where the schools had been provided by voluntary contribu- tions. He maintained that the time had come .-when they should stand up and fight against such •,an imposition. (Applause.) The one-sided way in which the Act was being administered was the -principal reason for his consenting to fight the election. (Hear, hear.) Only recently an attend- ance officer was wanted for the Usk district, and the town of Usk provided two or three candidates, including one whose family had lived in Usk for -generations, one who was born in the town, appren- ticed in the town, with a character that would bear the strictest investigation, and who knew every yard of the district. But the appointment went to a man .at Abertillery, to whom personally he had not the slightest objection; his objection was to the prin- < ciple of the thing. (Hear, hear.) His residence vat Coedypaen was practically next door to the school which the Rector, with the assistance of a few farmers, had maintained by voluntary subscriptions and an occasional voluntary rate of -2d. in the 9, and the examination results and consequent grants were all that any reasonable man could expect. In the face of the fact that farmers could be found there to manage the school •■go satisfactorily, the Education Authority HAD GONE OUTSIDE I -the parish for a manager who had never before seen 'the school, and who had seen it, perhaps, but once •;<since he had been appointed. Was that fair to the -people of the district ? ("No.") Since 1870,40 "millions sterling had been voluntarily contributed to Church of England, Roman Catholic, Wesleyan, -licl other voluntary schools. To pass on to another question he had been pointedly asked if he were in favour of Sunday Closing. As a man ■who had lived in Cardiff he would tell them he .was not. (Applause.) He had had personal and practical experience of the working of the Act, a it had been an utter failure. At any rate, why should a poor man, who could not .;attord. to get a cask of beer, be debarred from hav- ing a glass on a Sunday ? Was it any more harm for a man to fetch that than for a richer man to go to his cellar and draw one ? (Hear, hear.) Then ,as to heavy motor traffic and the maintenance of the roads, he thought the time was not far distant when they should ask the Imperial Exchequer to contribute a part of the increased cost of upkeep -of the highways, and so more evenly distribute the burden. He complained that while applications to the County Council from the Pontypool R.D.C., for aid towards what were practically main roads were not reasonably met, applications from some ■other parts of the County received every attention. In conclusion, Mr Griffin said that if they did him the honour of returning him he promised that he would at all times use his best endeavours, without fear or favour, to further the general interests of the County, and the interests of the Usk district in particular. (Loud applause.) I RESOLUTION OF CONFIDENCE. Mr J. Maitland Watkins said that after the ex- cellent speech Mr Griffin had given he was con- vinced he was an admirable fighter, and he (the speaker) thought he had shown them all that he had a spirit which was very much wanted in municipal matters. (Applause.) It was with pieasure that he proposed the following resolu- tion :— "That this meeting considers Mr Stephen Treseder Griffin a fit and proper person to represent the Usk Division of the Monmouth- shire County Council, and pledges itself to use every legitimate means to secure his return." | Mr R. H. Marfell, in an appreciative speech, seconded. I MR. L. F. STEDMAN said it gave him very great pleasure to support Mr Griffin in the fight, and he should like to congratu- late him on the exceedingly able and lucid address he had given. (Hear, hear,) He did not think that if they were seeking for a man with grit and backbone, a man able to hold his own in the coun- cil chamber, they could possibly find a better representative than Mr Griffin. (Applause.) Al- though he was present to support Mr Griffin, he wished it to be thoroughly understood that he had no personal animosity or disagreement with Mr Hiley. These elections were fought, and ought to be fought, upon perfectly friendly grounds. Mr Hiley was a personal friend of his; he had enjoyed his hospitality, and joined him in the sports of the neighbourhood, and he hoped he should again many times. (Hear, hear.) At the same time, in contests of this description there were differences which separated men according to the ideas they held upon political and public questions which in no way affected their personal relationship and friendship. (Hear, hear.) Now he was inclined to think that Mr Griffin was the class of MAN THEY WANTED I on the Monmouthshire County Council. He (the speaker) had been present at their debates and had longed for a man who would get up and soeak fearlessly on behalf of the rural districts. The affairs of the Council were absolutely in the hands of a political caucus. Those present at that meeting might say it was rather extraordinary that the Conservative and Unionist Party should force its political organization upon the constituency at the present moment, and that he who represented that political organization should be on the platform that night. He would say, that if they could get a County Council which would be con- ducted purely upoo the ordinary lines of conduct of their municipal and local affairs, they should take political organization as far away as they could from it. For years, personally, he had watched the proceedings of the County Council, and had seen the majority taking the whole thing in the palms of their hands and working it from political motives. Therefore, not only in the interests of their own political party, but in the interests of the ratepayers of the County, Con- servatives and Unionists should try to stem this scandalous conduct of affairs. (Applause). They may have wondered at the unanimity which apparently existed amongst their opponents on the County Council, but the reason for that was not far to seek. The whole thing was in the HANDS OF A CAUCUS. I They met before every Council meeting, and all the Council business was cut and dried before the meeting. The only time for discussion was when those eminently superior gentlemen fell out amongst themselves. What the ratepayers wanted was men on the Council of the stamp, grit, and ability of Mr Griffin-(applause)-to stand up in the Council against them. There was not the slightest doubt that any Liberal returned to the County Council had to fall into line with the majority, and do whatever was found necessary at the preliminary private meeting of this party. In this district, perhaps, they looked upon the educa- tion question from a different standpoint to those persons who resided in the opposite side of the County. In this district they should wish to look after, and to command some sort of advantages for, the Schools which were responsible for the educa- tion of their children. If they elected Mr Hiley, their representative would be obliged to throw in his lot with the representatives of the Western Valleys, who were dead against the system of Schools in vogue here. He (the speaker) was not a bigoted denominationalist. He was brought up upon extremely broad ideas with regard to religion and education. Anything he might say, therefore, would not be from a narrow and bigoted point of view, or from a denominational and religious point of view. THE EDUCATION QUESTION, 11 however, could not be considered without going to the root of the matter, and In would ask them to take their minds back prior to the Act of 1870, when there were some 8,200 odd Voluntary Schools, which were responsible for the education of the neoDle. Thev were established in our towns and villages, and provided the whole of the education for the poorer classes. (Applause.) As time went on, the population increased, and the educational needs of the country became greater, it was found that that system could not possibly control or meet the requirements, and the Act of 1870 brought in the system of Board Schools. That was an Act brought in by a Liberal administration, and he gave Liberals all credit for ptssiog it. He con- sidered that it was one of the best which could be passed for the benefit of the people of the country, and it was supported not only by Liberals but by Conservatives as well, But when it was brought in it was never intended that it should in any way mean the abolition of the voluntary system. Mr Forster, the minister responsible for education, in introducing the Bill of 1870. said: — We must take care not to destroy in building up-not to destroy the existing system in intro- ducing a new one." Mr W. E. Gladstone said: "It was with us an absolute necessity—a necessity of honour and a necessity of policy-to respect and favour the educational establishments and machinery we found existing in the country." Lord Ripon, another strong Liberal, said "The Bill proposes to maintain all existing Schools in receipt of Government aid on their present footing. We desire they should continue and extend, and needlessly to destroy one of them would be to inflict a great mischief. Almost without exception they have been established by religious denominations. Now, we do not ask them to give up their connection with those bodies, nor do we forbid them to teach, in the most un- restricted manner, the doctrines and faith of those denominations." (Applause.) Mr Gladstone bad previously said: "If I were driven utterly to abandon the voluntary principle, or to place exclusive reliance upon it, I would not hesitate a moment in making my choice. In such an emergency I would say at once, give me the real education, the affection of the heart, the moral influence operating upon character, the human love, that are obtained through the medium of the voluntary principle." He (Mr Stedman) gave these quotations to show that when the educational that when the educational SYSTEM OF 1870 I was introduced there was not the slightest idea in the minds of the promoters of making war upon the class of schools responsible for education up to that date. (Hear, hear.) He would now show them what the voluntary system had done for education. In 1870 there were 1,693,059 children being educated in Voluntary Schools; in 1901, 3,041,673. In 1901 there were 2,721,173 children in the Board Schools. In 1870, when the Voluntary Schools were mainly responsible for education-in fact gave the only chance of learning to the poor, voluntary subscriptions to support them amounted to E418,839 in 1901 that amount had grown to £ 834,123. They would, therefore, see that Voluntary Schools and subscriptions had doubled themselves in 30 years, and that, however much they might be abused, they had been responsible for the education of more than half of the children of the country. Although the voluntaryiata were willing to put their hands into their packets it was found not to be sufficient to meet the advanceof education, and it was necessary to extend it in view of the education given to children abroad, it was impossible for the voluntary system to meet the needs of the country, and then came Board Schools to supplement them, supported by the rates. Then, later, to keep up ill the march of progress, it was necessary that the Voluntary Schools should also have I RATB ASSISTANCB. for they had been suffering educationally as compared with the Board Schools which were financed from the pockets of the ratepayers. The consequence was that the present Government to meet the exigencies of the case, and the advance- ment and requirements of the times, introduced the Education Bill a couple of Sessions ago. Now, one of the objections was that it abolished Board Schools. It, however, did nothing of the sort. The Bill abolished School Boards, which was a very different matter, and at that he rejoiced, for the reason that, for the main part, their members were not elected for their educational abilities and for the welfare of the children, but upon political and sectarian grounds. They had given way to educational authorities formed of persons selected from town, urban, and county councils, who acted within the respective areas of their jurisdiction. They had the power of co-opting other members of educational attainments who might be valuable in exercising their opinions. It was a great deal better that their local educational needs should be dealt with by such a body, who would know the local character, peculiarities and requirements of the people, than that they should be subject to the hard and fast red tapeism of Whitehall. (Applause.) The Act also brought about the consolidation of primary, secondary, and technical education. Under the old system each was dealt with by a separate body, now all were dealt with by one. This was in the INTEREST OF ECONOMY it prevented the overlapping of work, and better enabled the children to pass from one school to another, and to obtain an educational position which otherwise, perhaps, would be beyond their reach. In the past there had been a Rreat deal of extrava- gance as regarded educational management. Now the body which was responsible for the levying of the rate was also responsible for the spending of the money, and it gave the ratepayers, who were now so hardly hit in this district, a better chance of checking extravagance than they had in the past. Then came the question of popular control versus clerical control." as it was called. He could not see what objection to the Act there could be under this head. In many instances there would have been very little education in the rural districts had it not been for the parson. (Hear, hear.) If in the past the parsons bad had, in any instance, any unfair or autocratic control of the Schools, they had lost it under the Act, but he denied that locally there had been any complaints with regard to this. Nonconformists could take advantage of the con- science clause, and keep their children from school until the religious instruction had been given. The Act gave Nonconformists AN ABSOLUTE CHARTER. On the board of management were now placed two outsiders who would probably belong to a different denomination to that of the School, and who would see that no injustice was done to the children belonging to other denominations. All orders re- garding secular education were in the hands of the Education Authority, as well as all power of spend- ing monev. The buildings had to be kept up at the cost of the denomination to which the School belonged. The management of the teachers, too, was in the bands of the County Council. who were elected by the votes of the people. Under these circumstances he could not understand why there should be all the cry there was about popular control. All that the denominational managers retained was the right to give religious instruction in the Schools for balf-an-hour each morning, and in return for that they handed over, unfettered and unrestricted, the whole of the School buildings in their possession, of a value of from 20 to 30 millions. Not only had the voluntaryists carried on out of their own pockets the Schools in rural districts, but in many towns, in addition to maintaining their own schools, they had ALSO HAD TO CONTRIBUTE I their quota to the Board Schools, and this they had I done without whining. (Hear, hear.) Board Schools in 30 years had drawn over £ 75,000,000 from the rates, while the Voluntary Schools had not drawn a halfpenny. What was wanted with regard to our educational system now was absolute justice for all; all Schools should be put upon the same basis and supported out of the rates, so that the secular education of the children might be properly attended to. (Hear, hear.) The action of the passive resisters seemed to him to be not only absolutely contemptible but illogical, and it brought the law of the land into disrepute. If once they allowed the people to refuse to carry out an Act of Parliament passed by the representatives of the people they were bringing into force some- thing exceedingly dangerous for the welfare of the country in the future. The Monmouthshire County Council had not carried out the Act in its entirety nor in fairness to many of the districts of the County. Their shilling rate was not short of an absolute scandal. (Hear, hear.) In Monmouth- shire they had TWO ENTIRELY DIFFERENT DISTRICTS I with two entirely different classes of schools. One I part of the County was industrial, and there the Board Schools, upon which thousands of pounds had been spent, abounded, and the education rate amounted to from Is 8d to 2s in the S. There were e debts on those Schools of £ 300,000. The other part of the County was agricultural, and there the Schools had been provided and maintained by voluntary subscriptions, or a voluntary rate of 2d or 3d in the L. The Monmouthshire Education Committee had taken away the 2s rate in the Western Valleys and School Board districts, and because they bad' a Radical majority they had spread it over the whole of the County, so that those on the eastern side, in the agricultural districts, were called upon to pay a rate of Is in the 9, not for the advancement of education in their own Schools, but in order to keep going the expan- sive Schools on the other side of the County. That was an absolute scandal. (Hear, hear.) It could easily have been avoided. If the Committee had wished they could have placed three quarters of the expenditure upon the Western Valleys and one quarter upon the rural districts. To saddle a rate of Is in the £ upon the latter was eminently unfair, and did not benefit the rural schools in the slightest degree. In conclusion, Mr Stedman asked all to work hard to return Mr Griffin on the morrow. LIEUT.-COL. D. E. WILLIAMS (chairman of the Pontypool Board of Guardians) also supported the motion in an able speech, in which he referred to Mr Griffin's work as a guardian. He deprecated the introduction of politics into looal government elections. The Rev. Herbert A. Williams followed with another interesting speech on the education ques- tion, and Mr J. H. Clark also supported the resolution of confidence in Mr Griffin, which was carried with acclamation. Mr Griffin having responded, Mr R. St. John Beasley proposed, and Mr H. Dunning seconded, a vote of thanks to the Chair- man, which was accorded, and The Chairman having acknowledged the oompli- ment, the proceedings terminated with the singing of the National Anthem.

RESULT OF THE ELECTION.

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INQUEST.

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