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DR. COOK, HERO, -

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DR. COOK, HERO, COPENHAGEN RECEPTION, Critics Answered FLAG AND TUBE PLANTED AT THE POLE. Dr. Cook arrived at Copenhagen on Satur- day morning on the Hans Egede, a.nd received an enthusiastic welcome. In the afternoon th* explorer had an interview with the King, and in the evening was entertained at a banquet given in his honour. Evening Banquet. iAbout 450 -people wore present, amongst tthem being the Minister of Commerce, the United States Minister to Denmark, the Mayor of Copenhagen, the most prominent members of the Geographical Society, and representatives of the Danish and foreign press. Dr. Cook was placed between the American Minister and the Minister of Commerce. The Mayor rc-se to welcome Dr. Cook in the name <if Copenhagen. The American Minister then proposed the health of King Frederick and the Royal Family, a toast which was honoured by the assembly, while the band played the Danish National Anthem. The President of the Town Council oa-Iled upon those present to drink with him the of President Taft. Th.? Minister of Commerce then delivered a isp,ee,- 7i. in the course of which he said: It is with strange feelings that I rise on behalf of mN- countrymen to propose the toast of our honoured guest, to wish you a hearty •welcome back to I may, without flattering any own country, say civilisation, to offer yon our sincere congratulations on the noble deed you have performed, and to thank you for having accepted onr invitation to spend a few hours of your precious time amongst strangers, who I ieel certain are filled with admiration and rfspect, for the task you have -so successfully accomplished. It is not for me to picture what the results obtained by you -ray mean for the different branches of science. Others more able will undertake to do so. My work is only on behalf of my "ountrymen to give expression to our feel- ing; of admiration and delight. The Minister read the following telegram received by the American Minister, through the Swedish Minister, from the King of the Iwedisl?i -Aiiiister. from the King of Dear Dr. Egan—I have just received a telegraphic message from his Majesty the I King of Sweden commanding me to convey to Dr Cook the King's most sin'cere con- gratulations for the brilliant deed achieved by your countryman, of whom the Ameri- can people may rightly be proud. As it is impossible for me, personally, to convey his Majesty's congratulations to Dr. Cook this evening, I make bold to ask you, on my behalf, to convey to Dr. Cook at the l.'iruimy Sovereign's warmest congratu- lations for his spl-endid achievement. Commodore Hovgaard, Arctic explorer, in the course cf a speech said:—"After Dr. •tfans?n's drift north of Franz Josaflaod wo knew that to reach the North Pole it would be noct'ssa.ry to cross a frozen ocoan more than 4CK) miles across. Commander Peary a-lwavs proceeded by Smith Sound, and here, Probably, spent a good deal of his forces before- reaching the coast of the dreaded Art-tie Ocean, Here we meet the first ingenious idea, of Dr. Cook. He did not follow Peary, but the steps of Sverdrup, and reached the shores of the Arctic Ocean by "what seems an easier route, thus sparing his ?v h *i t an ea.9ier r, forces to cross the fearful patch covering the last 400 miles to the Pole. Here comes in Dr. Cook's second splendid idea, namely, Using the winter for crossing, when the snovement of the ice is less, and, consequently, less broken, but. on the other hand, the hard- ships were worse." In reply Dr. Cook paid: "Thank you very much for your warm, kind, and eloquent Words. I am unable to express myself Properly. It has been rather a hard day for Bie, hut I have never enjoyed a day better. The Dar-es never took an active part in Polar explorations, but they have much im.portarnce as the silent partners in almost all Arctic expeditions of recent years. The most impor- tant factor of my expedition was the Eskimo and the dog. The world cannot be too thank- fu! to the Danes for their care for Eskimos, and now they have also instituted a mission at Cape York. Had I not met with the right Eskimos and the right dogs and the right Provisions I never would have reached the Pole. I owe much to the Danish nation for :my success." A telegram was pent to Mrs. Cook on behalf ,of all those present at the banquet, congratu- lating her on her husband's success. Dr. Cook told a representative of the press that he does not intend to go on an expedition to the South Pole.-Reut-er. Dines with the King COPENHAGEN, Sunday. An enormous crowd afsembled outside Char- lot ten land Castle this evening, and heartily cheered Dr. Cook a.s he drove up with Mr. Egan, the United States Minister. At tne entrance the explorer and the Minister were met by Admiral Ba-ixlenflet-h, Lord Chamber- lain to the Queen, and Mr. Egan having intro- duced Dr. Cook, the admiral immediately conducted them to a suite of rooms over- looking the park. Here Dr. Oook was revived by the King, who presented him to all the members of the Royal Family who did not 'make his acquaintance yesterday. His Majesty had a. long talk with the explorer, at the conclusion of which the party proceeded to tho dining-room, where covers were laid for 53 gnec-ts, including a number of public fcnd Court of--icials.-Ectitcr. DOUBTS REFUTED I Dr. Cook's Answer to His Critics I COPENHAGEN, Sunday. After his reception yesterday by the King Dr. Cook went with Dr. Egan, the United State* Minister, and Miss Egan to Bernstoff I'ala,,L,, where ho was received by Prince and Jh; nec.s W.aidemar of Denmark. From there he drove back to the Hotel thoenix, where he gave an interview to all the foreign and Danish journalists, among ■whom was Mr. W. T. Stead. The latter com- Wim. nted Dr. Cook on his achievement, and asked. him to give some explanation of his journey, pointing out that some doubt had been expressed regarding the discovery of the P >le. Dr. Cook saw the New York "Herald" telegram from I^erwick, which, he declares, •was correct, except for a few small errors. lie explained that the 85deg. Centigrade in the message must be read Weg. Fahrenheit, a cold which, he said, was not unusual in Arctic latitudes. As to his competence to make astronomical observations, Dr. Cook stated that he had made such observations on his former Arctic expeditions and during his ascent of Mount M'Kinley. Our instruments," he said, were the bet and most modern obtainable. That I was alone with two Eskimos was of no importance, for it is always one man who makes the observations. It was a matter of perfect indifference whether my comrades were Eskimos or Europeans. "I had no interest to report false obs,erva- tions. My work was not for money cr honours, but only for the love of science. I cannot ray that I have found the exact point of the Pole. but only the circle in which that point must lie. This circle was, maybe, a gunshot in diameter. It is very probable that the flag and tube which I planted on the Pole will drift away with the. ice. but there is no firm ground there on which to plant flags. I have taken 400 photo- graphs of that region, and I trust that ■there will soon be no doubt about the scientific fact that I have been to the North Pole." Dr Cook has received telegrams from the Geographical Societies of Norway, Sweden, Belgium, France, and Scotland, all fully recognising the truth of his discovery. He has further received telegrams from the most nota- ble Polar explorers, including Captain Amundsen. Referring to the rapidity of his journey, Dr. Cook remarked that both Eskimos and dogs from Cape York were stronger and more persevering than those from other parts of Greenland. "Before reaching the desolate Polar ice," he said, we passed through 400 miles of the finest game country. Both men and dogs, therefore, were in the best condition for their final spurt to the Pole. Admiral Melville is not familiar with an expedition with dog-sledges, and, there. fore, cannot conceive that we could make such long daily marches as we did." Dr. Cook will probably go from Copenhagen to Belgium, and thence. direct to America.— Press Association Foreign Special. A TERRIFYING EVENT. I Isolated on an Ice-Bound Plain I PARIS. Sunday. The Copenhagen correspondent of the Journal" has had an interview with Dr. Cook, who described his journey. He said: — "When we approached the Pole, a matter concerning which I could have no doubt, eo I)rc,cise was my hourly observations, a terrifying event- occurred. The ice-bound plain on which we were advancing with diffi- culty suddenly began to move, and seemed to us to be following a. rotary movement on cn invisible pivot. There had been a break behind, and we were isolated from the world. The two Eskimos who alone had consented to follow me were paralysed with fright. They dissolved into tears, and refused to move forward or backward. I succeeded eventually in quieting them, and we pushed forward until I acquired the certainty; that I had reached the magic spot that I wished to attain. It is my formal conviction that only men accustomed to live in the way of the Eskimos could and will be able to reach the Pole. This necessity has become evident to me." Dr. Cook declared he would confound those who entertained doubts by showing them bis observations and notebooks. It was only necessary to inspect them to verify the sincerity of his story day by day. The (sceptics would be convinced without any shadow of doubt. Dr. Oook admitted his impression of the Pole had been disappointing. He saw nothing but ice—eternal and depressing ice. The explorer then spoke of his sufferings and privations. On the return journey he and his Eskimos were terribly tried by hunger, and spent thirteen days without eating. They were continually harassed by musk oxen and bears. In conclusion, Dr. Cook said I have not been able to bring back much of a collec- tion. We had too much to do to think ot that. Necessity to defend ourselves domi- nated everything. We lived in a constant tension of mind day and night. It was while ceaselessly fleeing from death, after having hastened to meet- it. that we travelled past new land, 30,000 square miles in extent. We discovered two unknown lands." The "Matin" publishes an article signed by Dr Cook, jn which he deals with some special points of his observations. He discovered a large territory between latitude 84 and 85, longitude 102deg. He says: "This new land, which we saw from a distance of about fifteen miles, is split in two, as it were. It might even be two neighbouring islands. The southernmost portion is mountainous and snow-covered. The northern portion is covered with a thin coating of ice. "To reach the Pole I succeeded in making my modest caravan, with my two faithful Eskimos, march at an average speed of fifteen miles per day regularly, and without damaging a.ny of my instruments. In the Arctic Ocean I discovered the presence of currents which carry together the ice in a south-westerly direction, or sometimes, owing to a change, in a south-easterly direc- tion. On my return journey I again found this current of the Polar ice, which ceased to be perceptible after passing latitude 83dcg. There is no actual land at the Pole, but the appeara-noe cf the glaciers is different. They a-re neither so enormous nor massive in appea.ra.nce as those encountered further south. There are several unfrozen stretches of sea, but there is no sign of animal life."— lieut-or. THE JOURNEY'S HARDSHIPS A Decomposed Seal "Quite Appetising Mr. Philip Gibbs, the special correspondent of "Lloyd's News," who interviewed Dr. Cook at Copenhagen, gives the following pe-u picture of the explorer:—A man of middle height, with a. fair, good-looking face, clean shaven except for a little yellow moustache, and with a mass of light wavy hair, and blue eyes. e Dr. Cook readily answered Mr. Gibbs's questions. "What evidence can you bring to show that you have actually reached the North Pole ? Where are your proofs?" e. "I bring," he answered, "the same proofs as every other explorer. I bring my story. Do you doubt that? When Shackleton and veary came home you believed what they told you. Why, then, should you disbelieve me?" "I can prove my bona-fides," said the doctor, quietly. "Then, doubtless, you have these records with you? You have not lost them?" "Oh, no," Dr. Cook replied. He had not lost any of them, but he had sent off most of his books to America from Greenland. But I suppose you have other records with you. No doubt you have brought back many specimens?" No, not many," said Dr. Cook; "only a few botanical specimens, not geological." "How did you know the exact date on which you say you reached the Pole—it must, have been rather difficult, as you had lost touch with time?" "We fixed the date by carrying it with us and by my daily calculations." "Where is the land in the neighbourhood of the Pole which you describe as a happy hunting ground for sportsmen? It came as an immense surprise to most Arctic explorers." "but it "Naturally." answered Dr. Cook; but it is not in the neighbourhood of the North I Pole, and I have not said so. I discovered an unknown land between 84 and 85 degrees, 300 miles from the Pole. and here there were musk oxen, boars, and birds, which we shot and ate." But there was no trace of life at all in the air, on the ice, or below the ice beyond 35 degrees. There was nothing a.t all living, s-aid Dr. Cook, at the North Pole. "It is, of course, impossible," said Air. Gibbs, "that you oould have covered -3UAJW square miles. That must have been wrongly put in your first message?" "What I did," he said, was to strike a st.raight line to the Pole and to come bad, down another straight line." The doctor illustrated his meaning by drawing an acute angle on the cabin table. The area through which tha.t angle struck was 30,000 square miles." Prodigious!" Mr. Gibbs excl, ai. med. reU me, Dr. Cook, how did you manage to travel over the inlands at a rate which beats all previous records, taking only three months for your final dash to the Pole, wherea-s it took you nine months to come back over the same distance? There is something very strange about that." "Not at all," he said, calmly. "I travelled towards the Pole at the average rate of I fifteen miles a, day. I could have done -5J, and did as much on some days, but on others I was retarded. Ask any Danish explorers, and they will tell you there is nothing unusual about that. ( Talk now became more conversational, ana the doctor gave many fresh details of hit. remarkable etory. "The expedition," he said, "cost £ 10.00-). of which my friend Mr. Bradley gave bout, £ 6,000, the rest being my own money, wntn I reached Etah I really had no definite idea of striving to reach the North Pole that year, but here I found everything ready in the way of equipment, and so decided to risk the adventure at once." The doctor described the difficulties of obtaining food supplies. Having no firearms he set traps for bears, and drove them into it. A dead seal that had gone rotten was greedily eaten, for he was starving, and found it quite appetising. For a time he slept in Eskimo huts and on the latter part of his journey d? hol? for shelter. "It is this which makes the critici?,; of men like Admiral Melville so untrue to facts, he continued. "They have always done their expedition with tremendous impedimenta and all ports of luxuries. I journeyed with two Eskimos, and lived as an Eskimo." I Eskimos' Corroboration COPENHAGEN, Saturday. The Inspector of North Greenland, M. Daugaard Jensen, who is the highest official in those regions, and yrho for two months before and during the voyage of the Hans Egede had the best opportunity to observe Dr. Cook very narrowly, declares that he received the strongest impression that Dr. Cook is a most honourable man, who under no circum- stances would try to make people believe that he had done something which he had not really accomplished. Moreover, M. Daugaard Jensen conferred with the Danish Polar explorer, Knud Has- mussen, Who heard from the Cape York Eskimos descriptions of Dr. Cook's tour which in all eternal details confirm his own description. They corroborate the statement that the tour was ended quite voluntarily, no ice or other obstacles preventing its con- tin Li,ation.-Reuter. I That Rings True PARIS. Sunday. The "New York Herald" (Paris edition) publishes the following telegram from Rome:- After reading the account of Dr. Cook's dis- covery of the North Polo Commendatore Cagni, the Italian Arctic explorer, said: — "This rings true. He went on to say that Dr. Oook had done nothirog which was in itself impossible. He cortti,d: Dr. Cook succeeded, according to his account, in cover- ing 22 kilometres daily. That represents three times the speed at which I myself travelled in those regions in 1900. It is quite reasonable. Dr. Cook, doubtless, found the ice in a -flavourable condition, for such a pace in Polar regions is not precisely easy." Oommendatore Gagni expressed the convic- tion that there is a frozen sea around the Pole, and said that the currents of the Polar S0a, reach the Arotio circle by the B-ehring- Straits, and proceed in the direction of Ice- land. If there were a continent at the Pole, he added, t,hclse currents would deviate from their course owing to the coast of these Polar land's, and passages tow blocked by ice would probably be freed by the force of those currents. This hypothesis Is confirmed by Dr. Cook's story.—Router. America's Pride BEVERLY (Mass.), Saturday. In reply to a telegl-am from Dr. Cook announcing that; he had reached the North Pole President Taft has sent the following message: — Yonr report that you have reached the North Pole calls for my heartiest congratu- lations. It stirs the pride oi all Americans that this feat, which has bo long baflied the world, has been accomplished by the intelli- gence, energy, and wonderful endurance (rf a fellow-countryman. —Reuter. Who Can Claim the Pole ? I PARIS, Sunday. In the controversy which is proceeding on both sides of the Atlantic as to what country oan now lay claim to the Pole, the two points mentioned by Dr. Cook in a telegram, end .emphasised by itim in a signed ..article published in the Matin," appear to have been completely overlooked. The first is that no land was found there, and the second is that the polar ice is constantly on the move. so that the Stars and Stripes which Dr. Cook carefully deposited in a sealed tube in the ice field where he took his final observations is no doubt already a long way from the geographical point known as the Pole. There- fore, the title Cookland, U.S.A. which is the subject of a good deal of banter here, does not seem to have much more permanent effect that the annexation of a passing cloud by a, patriotic aviator.-P.(mte-r. Dr Nansen's Views Paris, Monday.—-The "Matin" correspondent at Ohristianua says Dr. Hansen, who arrived ihene on Saturday from Bergen, found a. large -number of telegrams awaiting him. asking 'his opinion of Dr. Cook's story. t The Nor-; we.g'ian explorer refused to reply. lie has .staged, however, that he considers the variou-s points of the narrative not very cilea-r, but toe prefers to wait until he is in possession of more details before making a pronounce- ment. Personally lie believes it is possible ot reach the Pole with dog sleighs. The "Matin" corerspondent at Copenhagen has interviewed Captain. Svetndeurg, who accompanied Dr. Nansen <m his first expedi- tion, and who spent five years in drawling um,i,s of the east of Greenland. The captain thinks Dr. Cook reached the Pole because he did not persist in following the route .generally adopted, which Commander Perry is still attempting now, and hy which iK? may be considered practically impossible to reach the Pole, owing to the rapidity .of the cur- rents, with whioh icefloes drift. The route he took, says Captain Sverdeurg, is the only one, because of the slow displacement of the ice fields north of Nansen Sound. Moreover, Dr. Cook had with him Eskimos chosen with great care by the explorer Knrud Rasm-ussen, of Greenland, who comes of an Eskimo mother and a Dani-h father, who lives in Greenland, and knows perfectly the country and its inha-bitaints.

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