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NOTES ON NEWS. I I
NOTES ON NEWS. I I Only a few months ago there seemed to be good reason to hone that this country would in another year or A GREAT two be made self-snp- ACHIEYEMENT. porting. It looked as though we were ou the tvav to growing enough food for our needs. That dream* however, is not u ee d s. I realisable at present, for the reason that food cannot be produced without labour, find the Army's need of men is so urgent that agriculture has to get along as best it can wiifi those that the Army leaves. From Mr. Prothero's speech to the House of Commons it appears that "we have reached the. limit under present conditions of ploughing up new land. Great things i he been accomplished, however, the arable area of the country having been increased by 2,142,000 acres. Wheat acreage alone has been increased by 752,000 acres,, and the total area under crops is the highest ever recorded in the history of the country.. That is a splendid achieverrentl,- upon which the Board of Agriculture and the farmers deserve to be "commenùed. The success of the move- ment has been far greater than most people anticipated, and if it falls short of the moat sanguin. hope's, it is yet suffi- cient, w.th* America's contribution of foodstuffs, to ensure us against any danger of serious scarcity. The wheat reserves of the country have Jeen made absolutely safe. rill4t is the BETTER BREAD AND MEAT. very gratifying state- nient of t r i the ment of Mr. Clynes, the new Food Controller. All fear of the failure of the bread supply has now been removed. Even if the war should last a considerable time longer, we are in a position tc re- lease a; greater supply of wheat from our reserve. More than that, th& Food Con- troller makes tho welcomo announcement that the quality of bread is to. be im- proved. The food position generally has greatly, improved in the last few months. Fears of scarcity and hardship have fortu- nately not been fulfilled and with every week our supplies of essentials have been getting better, while distribution has also improved considerably. Besides better bread we are now promised better meat. For some time 70 per cent. of the meat consumed has been imported. This was a wise provision in order to conserve and increase the home production. This policy has had excellent results, and the proper- tiorrs are now to be reversed, so that we shall get from 70 to 80 per cent, of home- fed meat. The one drawback, from the consumer's point of view, is that better jjuality will mean a higher price. A remarkably interesting description has been published of new type of aero- I THE SUPER- AEETOPLA-NE. plane or which it is said j that the Royal Air Force I will soon have swarms at the front. It is capable of carrying pilot and observer, machine-guns, and a great weight of bombs, and of rising to the great height of 20,000 feet in an extraordinarily short time. Hying at this height it will be above the average range of guns and Ger- man airmen. One gathers that it will bo psíble with this machine for our airmen to. carry out bombing raids with little more risk than they would encounter in a joy-ride. They will be able to drop their bombs and sail swiftly back for a fresh load. The new aeroplane is so fast that .raids which formerly took the whole of the day will now be carried out. in a couple of hours. The engines are said to be completely reiiabk?—not merely better or more iellable than aeroplane engines have been thitherto, but completely reliable —so that the risk of failure no longer exists. It was well known that vast improve- ments hdlte been recently mad o in aero- To FRIGHTEN THE ENEMY ? plane construction, but these claims are stupen- dous, and one hopes, if we have really got a machine which can do all these things, that the Germans may not be able to built a tvpo to equal it while the war lasts. Exactly why such an account of the machine should have been published is rather a mystery. Was it to encourage our own people or to frighten the enemy:' The "G ermans every now and then send out sensational accounts of something now in aerial terrprs, and there seems to be no particular reason why we shouM have taken a leaf out of their book. Why not -have carried oat a long-distance raid-say to Berlin—with the new machines, and then have told us about tliem? In art. interview with the Associates Press of America, Lord Robert Cecil made A WARNING TO GERMANY. an important statement with regard to the eco- nomic policy of the! nations after the war. Adopting President Wilson's tormula as to the "partnership of nations which must henceforth guarantee the world's peace," to which without a change of mind and "heart Germany cannot be ad- mitted,. tlfiy more- than to tho free eco- nomic intercourse which must inevitably spring out of the other partnerships of a real peace he went on to say that Ger- many was the only ohstacle to such an economic association of free nations. Her treatment of the peoples within her reach rules her out. Says Lord Robert Cecil: Before we can offer, her any participation in our resources the must release her vic- tims from the economic slavery that she has imposed upon them. While the war continues we must take as measures of war all the steps required to destroy the economic basis of her military effort. When peace is restored the place of Ger- many in the common^v calth of nations will e determined by the test established by President Wilscn" If she abandons her old wavs and .her restless and aggres- sive policy, if she ceases to uso economic policy as a preparation for further war, • we shall not lie slow to recognise the- change, but the sacrifices for which this war. has called are too great and too bitter « to permit of our neglecting the Presi-" dent's warning- that a complete change of mind and purpose in her Government are the necessary preliminaries to her admis- sion to participation in our economic partnership." This is a plain and unmis- takable intimation to Germany that the Allies will never acquiesce in the settle- ments" on the Eastern front, and that unless. she mends" her ways and gives guarantees for the future, the economic -weapon, tremendously powerful as it is, will be used against her.
[No title]
In a letter to his soldier-brother at Alder- shot, Walter Sidney Brown, of Bra yard's- road, Peckham, enclosed a box of matches, which caught fire at the Post Office, and he was fined £ 5.'
ENEMY FORCED TO RECROSS THEI…
ENEMY FORCED TO RECROSS THE I MARNE. I BRILLIANT FRENCH SUCCESS The French counter-offensive, begun on Thursday last after- the failure of .the Ger- man attack, continued to meet with succcss. The blow was delivered on a front of I twenty.enm miles, between the Aisne and the Marne, and on the first day an- ad- vance of eight mike in the centre was re- corded, On Saturdav the French official commu- niques announced that the Germans were in retreat, and had been forced to recross the Marne, the whole southern bank of' which river is now once more held by the Allies, who have taken since the opening of the | | counter-offensive over 20,000 prisoners and more than 400 guns. The report issued by the French Staff on Saturday night, stated:— The Germane, violently attacked on their rig-ht flank and south of the TOarne, have been forced to retreat and to recross the river. We hold the whole southern bank of the Marne. Bct'^em and Aiosnc and the Murne the Frendi and American troops con- tinue to make progress, and have driven back the enemy, who is putting -up an obsti- nate ilefenm. v Between the Marne and Rheims Violent P re n?c h and fiqlititig is in progress! The French and Brit?-h troops, a?t?,ckin- with vil?o r, struck against important forces. In. 6fllW of the desperate resistance of the enemy, we won ground in the Bois de Courton.-in the Ardre Valley, and towards St. Euphraise. The number of prisoners which we have made since the 18th exceed s 20.000. and over 400 guns have fallen into our hands. AVIATION. Our air service, redoubling its activity during the dav of July 19 and the nig-ht d, July 20, multiplied its expeditions and carried on a very hard t'ght with the enemy forcv-s. The French and British bombing rr-a- chines, taking as their principal objective. the crossings of bhe Marne, did not cease '-0 hinder, and in some places completely stopped ,the enemy's supply service, thus playing an important, part in the struggle which was to bring ahout. the retreat of the German troops, attacking with, machine- guns and bombs the concentrations of troops which the enemy was preparing for his counter-attacks and his columns aud ecm- voys. They caused the enemy seri^ ous lo.-ses. On the Marne, as well as at Oulclir-le- Chateau, Fere en Tardennois, Fisrrlilc" Baroches, and in the whole rear zone of the battle, twenty-four tous of projectiles were dropped during the day, and twenty-eight, tons dur the night on the enemy's assem- blies arid lines -of communications. A violent fire broke out at Vouziers and several at Fere^-en-Tardenncis, at Fismes railway station, and south of this region. Explosion, were observed at Laon railway station. At the same time our infantry aeroplanes marked the advance of our troops and tanks between the Aisue and the Marne, signalled the arrival of enemy reserves, and took direct part in the battle, attaching the enemy's reserves with machine-guns. The many fights fought by our crews in collabo- ration with the 8British obtained good results. Twentv-s'ix German aeroplanes were shot down or driven out of control, and four captive bann.c; Fet on fire. Everywhere the German airmen were able to feel the fighting qualities and superiority of the Allied airmen. CHATEAU THIERRY RECAPTURED. The French official coram unique on Sun- I day afternoon stated that, the French troops re,tool- Chateau-Thierry oh Suuday morn- I ing. RETREAT ADMITTED.. I The enemy retreat is admitted in the official communique issued in Berlin on Saturday. It is stated that the German troops south of the Marne were "taken biwik to the northern bank of the river without .being noticed by the enemy." The German official issued on Sunday was as follows:— North of the Aisno the enemy made local attacks between Nouvron and Fontenoy which we repulsed in counter-attacks. Between the Aisne and the Marne the enemy yesterday sought, by the employment of new divisions, to bring about a decisibn in the battle. The enemy was repulsed. He suffered heavy losses, tue French subject peoples—Algerians, Tunisians, Moroccans, a'nd Senegalese—were at the foci of tile fighting, and bore the main burden of the struggle. The Siinegileee battalions, which were distributed among the French divisions as battering "rams, stormed behind tanks in advance of the white Frenchmen, Ameri- cans, including black A merit-ins, English- men, and Italians, fought between the French. After two heavy days of fitting the at- tacking strength of our troojfc again made itself fully., ielt. Thc-y accustomed them- selves to the enemy methods of attack, made without artillery preparation and baeed upon tfte tri assed) employment ,of tanks which at first caused them surprise. On the heights south-west of Soisons the -t  ,a i nst the town attacks of „ the enemy against the town which were launched after the strongest drum-nre, collapsel. Led by tanks, the enemy infa-Vitry pushed forward to the at- tack as many as seven times against the road from Soissons-Chateau-Thierry north of the Ourcorl- North-west of Hartennes the enemy assaults completely collapsed, mostly before our lines. South-west of Ilartennes, in' counter-attack we drove back the storm- ing enemy. His infantry, who here re- treated in thick masses, was effectively caught and shot down by the destructive fire of our artillery, infantry, and machine- guns. Also south of the Ourcq, our coun- ter-attack broke down the enemy assault. North-west' of Chateau Thierry our regi- 1 mente, during the last few weeks have over and over again been vainly attacked, yes- terday also victoriously held their positions against the many-times repeated strong at- I tacks by the Americans. The ^nericans have suffered especially heavy I-osses, and during the night, undisturbed by the enemy, we- withdrew our defences in the territory north and north-west of Chateau Thierry. On the southern bank of the Marne the enemy, after four hours' artilieryl"prepdira- tion, under cover of heavy fire and with numerous tanks, made combined attacks against the positions which had been evacuated by us in the previous night-at- tacks Which uselessly beat against the empty positions. Our partially flanking fire which was directed from the northern bank inflicted losses on 'the eneipy. Also south-west of Rheims the enemy brought up \stfcong forces in the attack against the positions captured by us be- tween the Marne and north of t?. Ardre. The English here came to the help of the French and Italians. As the result of our fire. and counter-thrusts they failed, with heavy losses to the enemy. Battleplanes repetcd1y with machine-guns and bombs took part in the successful nght- ing against tho attacking infantry and groupings of armoured cars and columns. Yesterday we shot down twenty-four enemy aeroplrtaes and three captive balloons.fl. miraltv Wireless Press. FRENCH ACROSS THE MARNE. I I- .1 Monday's communiques issued by tne French Staff reported determined' counter- attacks by the enemy, which mailed, how- ever, toO held up the advance of the Allies between the Marne and the Ourcq. South of the latter river the Franco-American troops have gained the heights to the east of La Croix and Grisolles, captured the village of Epieds, and gained ground to the north-east of Mont St. Pere. French troops have crossed the Marne at Cli--iso-ins, north of Dormans, and also a little to the west of that place. Two British divisions are fighting to the south-west of Rheims, where some ground has been recovered *and 200 prisoners and forty machine-guns captured.
I. NEW FOOD ORDER.I
NEW FOOD ORDER. I l The Food Controller has now signed the Rationing Order, 1918, bringing under one scheme the ration of sugar, butter, mar- garine, meats, and lard. The Public Meals Order is, so far as Great Britain is concerned, absorbed in the new Ratinjng. Order, but there are changes in I the scales of consumption in hotels, restau- rants, clubs, and other -catering- establish- me nt-especi ally in fats. The new scale for sugar and fats is:- Hn"T ird Lard RI!d Other Sugar. Mm-puriue. JEdible Fats. Breakf-ist 1/5 oz. i oz. Luncheon. inchiAing middle-day dinner 1/7 oz. 1/5 oz. i oss. Dinner, including fupper and mtat tea or fish tea 1/7 oz. 1/6 oz. i oz. Tea. — 1,15 oz.
r.THE TABLES -TURNED. I
r THE TABLES TURNED. I The Arohbishop of York, speaking at the Mansion House, London, on his recent American tour, related a story of the launching of the Vatertand. "How many troops do you think I can put cn board her?" the German chairman of the company asked an American naval officer, who replied that he did not know. "I cei-n put 10,000 men on board, and -some day I shall bring them across to the United States." "If you do," said the naval officer, "I iope I shall be theije to meet them." "That same officer," said Dr. Lang, "put 10,000 American troops into the Vaterland. and sent them across to figtit the Germans." I
I THE AIRMAN'S NERVES. f
I THE AIRMAN'S NERVES. f Fleet-Surgeon St. John Murphy, R. N in an article quoted by the "British Medi- cal Journal," observes that the aviator has the manner of a, man five or ten years older than his age, aud yet is restless, always- 011 the move, seldom settling down to a book, and too often smoking cigarettes. In, the air hiki bravery is beyond question, but the prospect of a. dental extraction or stopping is a mightily disturbing matter. Tlie sooner after completing his trailing a pilot is sent to the Frout the bettor; for the skilled aviator just passed is the ideal man for the fighting line, whereas retention at a home station as an instructor impairs lus keenness for the duties uf a fighting pilot.
IHOLIDAY RESORTS HIT.
I HOLIDAY RESORTS HIT. How badly East Coast resorts have been hit by the war is shown in the annual teport of the National Relief Fund. It is jfcinied out that last year's summer season was not successful <tfiough to enable lodguig-house keepers to maintain themselves without assistan during the winter. Special grants amounting to kl5,620 were made to alleviate distress caused by the air raids, and grants had hn" made to provide holidays for chil- dren who had suffered in hea,lth from this cause. m ii..
iEDINBURGH CASTLE. Ii
EDINBURGH CASTLE. The old castle, which. from its hill, watches over the town of Edinburgh, clus- tering beneath, was captured only once* in the whole history of Scotland. Ite defenders thought that on one side the.steepness of the rock made it inaccessible and impreg- nable, and they put no sentries there. And so once, in the grey mist. of early morning, a little party crept up the precipitous slopes and surprised the garrison into eurreuder. ♦—;
ISUPERSTITIONS ABOUT GEMS.…
I SUPERSTITIONS ABOUT GEMS. I Most precious stones have some' super- stitious belief attached to them. A piece of agate worn on the person is supposed to be a safeguard against lightning. The beryl was formerly hold to promote happiness between man and wife. The turqjioise is said to be a protection against falls and sudden injuries, The "topaz was highly prized on account of its supposed magical powers of dispelling enchantments and calming frenzy. The green emerald is held in higji esteem by the Peruvians, many of whom believe that the mines whence emeralds are extracted are' guarded by terrible giants I and <lragons. Perhaps more superstition attaches itself to the opal than to any other stone. The people of long ago considered that this fiery gem had the power of render- ing its owner lovable, and of bestowing on him or her the gift of invisibility. • — ——
IBABY'S FOOTPRINTS.
BABY'S FOOTPRINTS. In many European countries, aealso in America, it is customary to take an impres- J sion of a newrborn baby's footprints, as a I sure and certain nteans of establishing identity in the yeans to come. For as with finger-prints, so with foot-prints, the impres- sion affords a We record. That is to say from birth, right through till death, there will never be any change in the formation of the lines. The only difference will be in the size. And, of course, the footprints of uo two babies are exactly alike. ft 1
MORDERERy BODIES.
MORDERERy BODIES. In the old days, when a murderer was hanged, it was the custom to hand over his Itody to the doctors to be dissected for the benefit of anatomical science." This was made optional in 1832, and abolished in 1860. Nowadays the bodies are buried within the walla of the. prison in which they are I executed. »
BUTCHER'S HEAVY FINE.__I
BUTCHER'S HEAVY FINE. I William George Simcock, a Manchester pork butcher, was fined £ 540 for selling pork and bacon above the controlled pricep. The prosecution said the$- could have taken out, between 200 and 300 summonses. There- were thirty-six, on cacii of which defendaa'/ was fined £ 15. '0
[No title]
Willesden's Food Control officer announce?! that 3,000 persons in that district did not apply for ration books, and th;tt 1,500 omitted their adefresse-s. The abfrcut- minded included magistrates, doctors, soli- citors, and four resident officials of the Ministry of Food. A woman tcld the Kingston magistrates that she had lodgers who would not leare, amd she could not get the rooms for ter husband, who was coming home after being a prisoner of war in Germany for thre a pri sc)ner of war i ,u Ciermaii y for t h ree Mr. Richard R. Cruise and Sir Hairv Baldwin have been appointed Rurgelm-ocub surgeon-dentist respectively to the Queen Mary paid a visit to the Hospital for Officers in Endsleisjh-gardens, and spent some time conversing with the patients. Second-Lieut. Robert Gresham Carr, :&o""C. Air Force, who taken prisoner by the eiiemy on June 21 when over the Germarl lines, has escaped and rejoined his unit. It was stated at Stratford Police-ccrfirt that a bov aged fifteen swore "awflill- at home. "He calls his mother everything, from a mousetrap to a lion's cage," said his ftither. Mr. Arthur Richardson, M.P. for Rothor- ham, has accepted an invitation' to become Liberal candidate for West Nottingham, in place of Sir James Yoxall, who is to retuc.
< BOMBS ON HEIDELBERG STATION…
< BOMBS ON HEIDELBERG STATION AND MANNHEIM. 1 —. — DAMAGE AT METZ. I The following was received on Friday night from the headquarters of the R.A.F. Independent Force in France:— Our bombirv. squadrons were agdn active during the night of July 16-19. The Benz works at Mannheim, the railway station at Heidelberg, and blast furnaces at Burbach a.nd Wadgossen were attacked. At the Bcnz works afire broke out. A hostile aerodrome was attacked, one of the hangars receiving a dircct hit. Two trains were hit by bombs, brought to a standstill, and then subjected to machine- gun fire. On the 19th inst. the powder factory at Oberndorf was attacked; bursts were ob- served on buildings in the factory. All our machines returned safely. I ATTACKS ON MET Z-SABLQNS. Striking evidence of the damage caused by the raids of the R.A.F. Independent Force upon tho German railway system at Metz-Sa-blons is afforded by an official photograph taken shortly after the double raid on July 6 and the night of the 6th-7th, from a height of well over This shows in minute detail the whole ot the im- portant. railway junction at Mots, including the famous "railway triangle" at Metz- Sablon-s, where an immense number of lines converge from Mctz Central Station" and the south tc,warda the Western Front. Not only are the effects of some exception ally destructive bursts visible in this photo- graph among the engine-sheds and work- shops in the centre of the triangle, but the remains of 'two trains, completely burned out, can he dearly seen, and there is evi- dence of great damage to the network of railway lines in the southern arm of the triangle. A significant feature of the photograph is the almost complete ••absence of rolling stock upon the liuæ, which at normal timts deal with a heavy traffic throughout the day. Although slight damage to permanent way can usually be repaired in a few hours, it would seem that the repeated raids by British airmen upon this important junc- tion have very materially reduced its war traffic, which". apparently, is frequently held up altogether for hours at a time. Since "the beginning of June no fewer than twenty-one Taids have been macxc iipon Metz-Sa-blons alone. A WEEK'S WORK. Activity has rukd in all branches of the Roval Air Service throughout a week which was dominated, first by the German offen- sive, and then by the brilliantly-successful Franco-American counter-offensive.. In the Western zone of operations the weather has been consistently bad, greatly -impeding air work both on land and sea. Strong winds havo prevailed, adding difficulties to the work of the pilots. 111 spite of these handicaps British bomb- ing formations have attackod again and again, inflicting heavy damage, and visiting some of the objectives twice a,iid-eveil three times in twenty-four hours. Bruges dOfks have been heavily bombed, and a fire, which continued for several hours, started at La. Brugoise works. The naval works nt. Osteorl and Zeebrugge have been t- •• • oM-eels o £ numerous attacks, a large number of bombs being dropped upon the Mole av/l lock s and upon shipping in the adjoining docks and harbour. A signilicaut feature of the raids has been the attacks, on two succes- sive days, upon dredging parties engaged near the entrance to the Zeebrugge Canal. A photograph taken on July 9 ShOWH that the Germans have been quite unable to re- move the obstruction caused by the British block ships sunk. in the fairway in April. British airmen, by their incessant r, ids upon Zeebrugg" e, have contributed largely to this delay. Sonio indication of the grow- ing cone-ern of-the Germans aboht the suc- cess of these raids is given by thi; fact that large formations of enemy machines- have i repcatcdlv attacked our squadrons without. hcv.-ever ?bem? able to prevent them from aehicdng- their object. In a single fight over Zeebrugge, three e?emy machines w?re brought down and two driven down out of control, two British, machines only being re- ported missing. Hardl less striking are the results of th-o Week's! fighting on the Western land Front. The Royal Air Force Independent Force has made fourteen bombing raids into Ger-,iitil territory. Among the places attacked are the aerodromes at Bnulay (twice), the rail- way sidings and sheds at Offeriburg and Thionville (twice each), the aerodrome at Ereiburg, the sidings st Saarburg, the vorlcs at Hagendingen and Burbach, and other important objectives. Several big fres have been started, and in two instances ground targets were heavily attacked with Machine-gun fire. In the battle many successful raids have been made, during which eighty-five tons ot .bombs have been dropped, including fifteen tons upon the railway junction t Roulers a?d upon ammunition dumps at Wamcton. and Bapaume. In cieri,??. nghting nfty enemy airoraft have been. brought down and iifteen driven down out of control; twenty- one British machines are reported missing. In Italy British airmen have brought down no fewer than eighteen enemy machines &nd driven one down out of con- trol; only three British machines are re- norted missine. ZEPPELIN SHEDS DESTROYED. I %The Secretary of the 'Admiralty makes the following anuouncemeiit:- A detachment of the Grand Fleet operat- ing off the Jutland coast on the morning of Friday, July 19, has now returned to the base, having carried out a bombing attack on the Zeppelin sheds at Tondern, Schlo-s- wif, by Royal Air Force machines des- patched from the vessels. In the first flight, which was made in the early morning, all machines reached their objective and made direct hits on a large double shed, whiph was completely de- stroyed, the conflagration rising i,oooft. A second Hight followed the first, all machines but one reaching their objective. A large shed was observed to have a hole ¡ of considerable dimensions in the roof, from { which a volume of smoke was being emitted. A second shed was bombed and direct hits I -were made, but owing to fierce anti-aircraft j fire and to the smoke of the first shed, it j was not possible to observe whether destrue- j tion of the second shod was complete. The | attacks were made from a height of 700 to 1,000ft. Four of our machines failed to return, and ¡ information has been received that three  of! these machines landed in Danish terr-itory. All ships returned without any casualties. I CHEMICAL WORKS BOMBED. The following was received on Saturd;\y I nIg-ht from tbo Headquarters of the R.A.F. j Independent Force in Franco:— J On the night "of July 19-20 our ]>orabing j squadrons carried out several a.ir raids. At J Mannheim attacks were made on the i Badische Aniline and Sn Wor the Lane j Chemical Worka? the Gebrud?r Guilini ) Chemical Factories, and the docks. A fre broke out in the Badiscbe Aniline Works, and clouds of smoke rose from the Gebriider 1..niijne Fa('øq, Two, hostile aerodromes were again bom- barded, with good effect. Trains and road transport were attacked from low- altitudes with bombs and machine-guns. One 4 our machines did not return- On the day of the 20th attacks were made on -the railway and factories at Offenburg and Oberndorf. At the former one of the large engine sheds was hit, and at Obern- dorf bursts were observed on factories and railways. 'I Our formations were heavily attacked. One hostile machine was destroyed and two were driven down out of control. Three of our machines have not returnefk I FOUR AEROPLANE SHEDS WRECKED. On Sunday night the Independent* Air Force issued the following:— As a result of a photographic reconnais- sance carried out on the 20th inst., ten- sive damage is revealed at the hostile aero- drome at Morhange-, attacked on -the night of the 19th-20th, One large shed and three .f the 19th-20th, hangars were destroyed. There is' nothing further to report. I POWDER FACTORY ATTACKED. A report from the Independent Air Force issued on Monday night said:— On the night of July 21-22 many success- ful bomb attacks were carried 'out by our squadron-s^ Over a ton of bombs was dropped on the extensive railway sidings at Lunee, south-east of 'Mezieres. The Badische aniline and soda factory (Mannheim) was a?ain subjected to attack. and many good bursts were observed on the factory. At a factory south-east of Zwei- bracken a large explosion was caused. Bombs were dropped on three hostile aerodromes,, and hangars were seen to be ,irs were i,een fo be hit. Low-flying aeroplanes attacked and hit five trains, bringing them to a standstill. Searchlights and. anti-aircraft guns were at- tacked with bombs and machine-gun fire. All our machines returned. On the 22nd inst. the important powder factory at Rottweil was attacked. A direct hit was obtained on one- of the big sheds, and, as a result, several ;.other eheds in its vicinity blew up. A fire broke out which could be seen from a distance of sixty miles. All our machines returned safely. I RAILWAY STATIONS BOMBED. I Monday night's British aviation report says:— On the 21st inst. the very strong "west wind and low -clouds almost entirely pre6 vented flying, except on a small part of the Front. Machines in this sector dropped bombs on various targets, including a railway station, where a direct hit was, obtained on an am- munition train. In combats five* hostile machines wera brought down. Four of our machines are missing. After dark the sky cleared and the wmd dropped considerably, enabling our night- bombing machines to carry out raidfe on the greater part of the Front. Thitteen tons of bombs were 'dropped on the railways at Seclin, Menin, Lille, and Cambrai. One machine has hot returned.
INELSON AT ST. ViNCENT.-t…
I NELSON AT ST. ViNCENT. t I a -1 The -'bittle off Cape St. "Vincent waa "fought between the. English and the Spanish fleets on February 14, 1797: Kel- son at that time was- in his fortieth year,, and held the rank of commodore of H.M.S. "Captain." After engaging a Spanish four-decker, he directed his guns against the San Nicolas," and then" fearing that his vessel, battered as it was, would drop astern, he ran her into the starboard quar- ter of the "San Nicolas/' and carried the ship by boarding, Then, on her surrender- ing, he pushed" forwd-rd, and led his men over the bulwarks of the "San Joseph," cry- ing, "Westminster Abbey or yiy." In a few moments he was on the quarter-deck, • where he received the of the offi- cers, giving them,, as they were delivered, one by one, to William Fearney; who, with tJ:1e utmost coolness, tucked them under his aria.
.TOBACCONIST FINED £250.
TOBACCONIST FINED £250. For unlawfully manufacturing tobacco and not reg-stering lils premises, Natha-n Jeffrey, tobacconist, of The Broadway, Seven Kings, was fined £ 250. He admitted having paid £ 24.524 for tobacco in the past ten months, but said this was bought on com- mission for other people. i
EARL OF ANTRIM HEAD.II
EARL OF ANTRIM HEAD. The Earl of Antrim died on Friday at Glennrm Castle, co. Antrim. Born in 1851, he succeeried his father at the age of eighteen. The owner of large estates, he farmed much of his land. He is succeeded by his eldest son, Viscount Dunluce, who is forty. )
SOLDIERS AND SOUP.I
SOLDIERS AND SOUP. I The impedimenta of cookery seriously handicapp-e-d the French army during the Franco-Prussian War. All the generals were "firm believers in the virtues of eoup. It appoara to be an axiom of waffare, in France that no soldier can do himself justioe unless he is primed with soup. No doubt it is an excellent form of nourishment., but the paraphernalia and time required for its pre- paration more than outweigh. its advantages on active service. Just as the water is get- ting warm, the alarm is a jit to sound, and then all the preparations are wasted. Dur- ing the Sbige of Paris,, when the National Guard made a sortie, they were. always burdened with.- the regulation appliances for soup. In nine cases out of ten these could never be used, and were thus more hin- drance than a help.
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Haiti, the French-sm^ing negro ropublicin the West Indies^ with a population of nearly 3,000,000, has declared war against Germany. ..Walter Christopher Lewis was fined .£.5, or in dofault twenty-six days' imprisonment at Bristol, foi using seditious language at an open-air meeting. The Austrian War Minister states that more than half a million war prisoners have returned from European Russia, but it is impossible to- transport home the prisoners- who are in Siberia. The Police Commissioner of New York has prohibited street cries and all unnecessary noises, including- horn and whistle blowing, screeching parrots and barking dogs, ahd rattling milk cans. • 9
I OUR LONDON LETTER. II
I OUR LONDON LETTER. I I I .4 p [Frona 0tW Special Corrtrpondtnt.'] | Members of the House of Commons, are looking forward to the holidays. The House will r: on Augr.st 8, and will not re- assemble until October. For two months members will be untroubled by Whips and the division boll. The usual paragraphs are appearing claiming sympathy for our legis- .?Jors, who are said to be very tired and br.slly needing a' holiday after their months of hard work. No doubt this is true of some of them, Ministers .may well look for- ward to escaping for a period from the necessity of attendance at the House and replying to questions, and criticism of their Departments. For eight blissful weeks the most indefatigable baiters of Ministers must t-e from troubling. But some of the rank Rnd file members do not appear to have been working themselves to death. Even the AFofns Bill, which has aroused so much feeling in the country and in the news- papers, did not draw big houses in the Com- mons. During the report stage and the tllird reading, there were not more than a r score of members present most of tho time. Why membership of the legislature should be So much more exhausting than ordinary business or professional lifo- is a little difficult to (understand. In the City men worl-tllc year through, with a holi- day of three weeks or a month in the sum- mer. M<ny of them work longer hours and more continuously than the ordinary mem- ber of Parliament, but nobody suggests that the City -man is weary and worn, and that he must get away for a couple of months. Members of Parliament are evidently dif- ferent. They had a brief holiday at Easter and a day or two off at Whitsuntide, they never work on Saturdays, and they are sel- dom on duty all the time tho House is sit- ting. Taking the Carie of the average mem- ber, it does not seem to be a particularly strenuous life, but, as sure as August cornea < lound, we are told of Parliamentarians tired out by six months' work and longing for a rest. Of course, there are many mem- bers whose Parliamentary duties aje an addition to their business or professional "labours, :uid they may well need a holiday, but, as for the others, they can scarcely plead overwork. Allotment-holders may now consider them- selves as under Royal patronage, for ,the visit paid by the King and Queen to the I allotments at Putney, Wandsworth, mid' Wimbledon, was a recognition of the" jyork done for food production by allotment cul- tivators all over the country. How allot- ments" have "caught on" in* the suburbs may be judged from the case of Wiinds- worth, where there are 7,457 Allotments—a total acreage of 5æ" compared with a pre-- war acreage of thirty. The allotment- holders were naturally very much gratified at the visit and the interest shown in the gardens by their Majesties. Presentations wcr-a made, the most interesting being that of a fine and promising young'porker, which, the Queen acccptsd at Wimblfcdon. Piggy- is to be sold for the benefit of the Red Cross.. At the conclusion of the tour the King said the whole tour had been most interesting and instructive, and the Queen and he were glad to have had practical demonstration of the excellent work being done in, increasing.. the country's food production., That phase was X-cry important, but it was also of un- doubted benefit to get so many workers into the open air. From the health point of view, as well as that of food production, the allotment system was of. great advan- tage. The Aliens Bill, which was introduced ae a result of the agitation inside and outide the Hcoise of Commons, does not satisfy the t critics, a,nd there are signs of a dead-set beingr made against Sir George Cave, the Home Secretary, who was in charge of the Home Seer etar y measure. The paper which has been most prominent in the anti-alien agitation re- marked the other day that "the nation knows nothing, and cares less about Sir George Cave, who, it seems, has got to- go. Whether as a result of. the campaign Sir George will go remains to be seen. The ground of the attack against him is that he has been k;vlf-hearted in carrying out the policy of the Government, which, according" to the Prime Minister's speech, was to'have been as drastic as the strongest anti-alien agitator cbuld desire. But there can be no doubt that the responsibility for the Bill rests with the Government, and that' in so far as the measure may fall abort of expectations the War Cabinet, and not Sir George Cave, has done it. The llome Secre- tary got in a back-hander when he said that, some cf his severest critics had asked for the exemption of certain aliens from in- ternment and for the release of some others- already interned. Names would have been interesting, but Sir George was merciful. "London Stone" is very grimy, and wants cleaning, we are informed. I suppose a good many readers of this column do not know what or where "London Stone" is. There are many Londoners of whom the same. can be said. Yet "London Stone" is one of the most interesting objects in. the City, though neither beautiful nor imposing to look ait. It Lq. just a block of stone, built into the wall of St. Swithin's Church, opposite Cannon-lreet Station. It was placed there in 1798, having previously been fixed in the roadway. It is generally believed to be the stone which corresponds to the Golden Mile- stone at Rome, from which all distances were measured. And it is the very stone tvhich Jacli: Cade smote with his sword after storming London Bridge. According to Shakespeare, this is what Cade said when he struck the stone: "Now is Mortimer lord of this city. And here, sitting upon London Stone, I charge and command that the con- duit ruji nothing but claret wine this first year of our reign." Nothing like that happens in these days. A great many .people who have gone tcu live at Brighton these last few months are, understood to be .trusting to medical certifi- cates to obtain for them a renewal of their railway season-tickets. Doctors say, in a great many cases, that the patients must five at Brighton. It is remarkable in how many cases tlys necessity has arisen sin well, say last September. It has 'been pointed out that while the doctors may be right ,y. with regard to the winter, in the sumpier Thanet would be just as good fa- their patients. But I do not expect to see the people who now crowd to the south coast clamouring for standing room in the trains to the Isle of Thanet. I A. E. M.