Llanelly Star

Welsh Classes The County Education Authority have, this winter again, arranged for the es- I tablishment of evening Welsh classes at 'j! Llanelly. The classes (Elementary, In- termediate, and Advanced) will be held at Market street Girls' School on Wed- nesday evenings from 7.30 to 8.30 during the session, which will begin next Wed- nesday, S2pt. 23rd, and will continue until March 17th. The fee for the whole I course will only be two shillings. The capable and experienced teachers who will have charge of the classes are Eurwedd, Cadifor, and Mr. D. T. Ev:> In the advanced class, "Drych yr": Oesoedd" --the history of Wales f'rcll the earliest times—will be studied, while the difficulties and peculiarities in gram- mar and composition contained therein will be fully dealt with. Suitable text nnd other books will also be used in the other classes. Further particulars may be obtained from Mr. E. Myrddin Aubrey, Higher Elementary School.

THE LATE MRS. NICHOLL. I Mrs. Frances Mary Nicboll, of Goodig, I Burry Port, formerly of St. Leonards-on- Sea, Sussex, who died on the 13th July I last, aged 78 years, widow of Captain Hume Nicholl, left estate of the gross value of R-2,332, of which L2,262 is net personalty, and probate of her will, dated ?5th February, 1902, has been granted to her sons, Mr. Iltyd Arthur Hume Nicholl, of Tenby, and Mr. Cecil Hume Nicholl, of Cambridge. The testatrix left her shares in the Army and Navy Co-operative Society to her son, Iltyd Arthur Hume Nicholl, and the residue .f her estate she left to her children in equal shares.

I A WELSH CONCERT. Mr. Ern ie Davies, sort of Mr. T. Rhys Davies, who is in camp with the Welsh Regiment on Salisbury Plain, sends homo an ii-Lteresting qccoiiilt of his ex- perience^. He describes a, successfu l concert, at which a number of Kidwellv men who formed themselves into a choir, gave si series of much appreciated selec- tions. Their repertoire, of coitrse, in- cluded the inevitable "Sospan Fach," which brought down the house.

BRITISH RED CROSS SOCIETY. (Higher Elementary Schools). Orders for week ending September 26th. 1914 I Officer for duty: Mr. W. P. kr. Monday, Sept. 21st, at Str«stcher drill, bandaging. V Wednesday, Sept. 23rd, at 7.81 p.m. I P011"r bandaging, drill. Thursday, Sept. 24th, at 7.30 ".m., Lecture. »

Peglers Stores, Limited, Llanelly F i S pecial Reductions IN Gfoeeries AND Provisions FLOUR IS CHEAPER. LARD REDUCED. BACON DOWN AGAIN Butter AND Cheese At Cost Price. j P elers' W <y Stores e Limited, Llanelly. ^•C-

WHEN PEACE COMES. I In eight years we have had to in- crease the annual cost of our Navy by fourteen or fifteen millions a year, all because of the vanity of the Prussian jack-booters. When the terms of peace come to be drafted we shall have fought in vain unless it is made impossible for this sort of thing to be imposed again by the vanity of a class. The war will, sooner or later, be ended by a treaty, and it will naturally be asked what is the use of making a treaty with a nation that, when it suits her interests, will consider it only as a "scrap of paper" and tear it up, as Austria tore up the Berlin Treaty when she seized Bosnia and Herzegovina, and as Germany tore -up the other treaty when she marched through Belgium and broke the neutrali- ty, of which she was one of the guaran- tors, on the plea that "necessity knows no law." Well, the civilized world will be able to find methods of making Ger- many give guarantees for ,good faith. It would be possible to impose a limit on armament expenditure. It would be possible to demand that conscription should be abolished, and it would be possible to impose a limit on naval ex- penditure. Those are some of the guarantees that the civilized world could impose. WHAT THE FLEET IS DOING. I The British Fleet, among its other useful functions, is imposing a tremen- dous tax upon the enemy's resources. It is inflicting on Germany every day an economic loss of £ 2,500,000. German imports of roughly £ 300,000,000, and ex- ports of £ 400,000,000, have been inter- rupted. Her supplies of cotton from Egypt, jute from British India, wool from Australia, and wheat from Canada are entirely withheld. A host of other essentials for the maintenance of her in- dustries and the feeding of her popula- tion are urgently wanted, and are not obtainable. The whole machinery of in- dustry is collapsing, unemployment has attained enormous proportions, starva- tion is staring the working classes in the face. If that is the position when scarce a. month has passed, what will it be when the severities of winter are upon us. The time must come, and, it would seem, speedily come, for Admiral von Ingenohl to make a despairing effort to break the bonds that enclose him, and secure a passage if he can for that oversea trade without which the indus- trial life of his country is doomed to a rapid atrophy. WHY ENGLAND IS AT WAR. I Rev. Harold Brierley has published as a penny pamphlet an address on "The Sword of the Lord," answering the ques- tion, "Why England is at War," which he delivered on Sunday week at High- bury Quadrant Church. One passage in the address is noteworthy:- Why is Prince Lichnowsky, the late ) German Ambassador, in disgrace ? I Why has the German Emperor refused to see him ? It is because unwitting- ly, he had misled the Emperor as to I the true significance of affairs in Ire- land and the domestic embroilment of England. Why these searching ques- tions about Ireland from the Kaiser to his Ambassador in England? What is Ireland to Germany ? Why this sulky u a til because the Ambassador misread the British spirit ? Is it not damning and irrefutable evidence that Germany was deliberately counting on the domestic embarrassments of Eiag- land ? And, if so, to what conceivable purpose other than the purpose that has since been revealed ? The Ger- man Ambassador himself unconsciously endorses the unanswerable verdict of the White Paper. "I go back to dis- grace," the German Ambassador is re- ported to have said to on* of his English friend c before he left Loadon. "Prince Lichuowsky's career is at an end," report the German newspapers. Why should the German Ambassador be disgraced because he was wrong about civil war in Ireland ? As Mr. Brierley says, the whole thing is as plain as if it were written and sealed by the Kaiser's own hand. "The die was deliberately cast and the time was deliberately chosen." ■ THE WORK OF THE NAVY. ,I People are apt to forget, in the ab- sorbing interest of the active operations in Franco, the work of the British Nary. That constant vigil on the grey sea is doing every bit as much to win this fight as the armies on land. It is throt- tling German industry and preventing food supplies from going in. It is pre- serving our commerce, preserving our homes, and keeping our food supplies open. It has enabled Sir John French to keep his line of communications open, for he has been able to change his base first from Boulogne to Dieppe, and then to Havre, as his existing line of com- munications was threatened. This has enabled his losses to be made good, and has enabled reinforcements to reach him. But for the Navy his position would have been extremely dangerous. We know that many people would like to see the British Navy destroy the German Navy, but it has already rendered it helpless, and when the terms of peace come to be dictated the existence of the German Navy will not ba forgotten. We can never again have a hostile Navy in such proportions threatening our shores and causing us so much expense. Mean- while,' in our thankfulness for the ex- ploits of our Army on land, let us not forget the men on the sea.

Recruit and J.P. LLANELLY CASE IN VACATION COURT. In the Vacation Court this week an application was made on behalf of a Mr. Williams, of Llanelly, who, it was stated had gone to Woolwich and enlisted in the Royal Field Artillery. The case was Williams v. David. An application had been made on behalf of the plaintiff to restrain the defendant, who was executor of plaintiff's mother's will, from selling certain leasehold and freehold property at Llanelly which com- prised the testatrix's estate. Application was now made that the matter should stajid over for a week. The matter had previously been twice before Mr. Justice Shearman, who had granted an interim injunction, and ne- gotiations had taken place between the parties with a view to coming to an amicable settlement. It was now alleged that plaintiff had not answered an affidavit sent to him. It was stated by plaintiff's counsel that plaintiff had enlisted in the Royal Field Artillery and had left Llanelly, and coun- sel pointed out the possible difficulty of delivering letters to recruits at these times. Thereupon he asked that the matter should stand over. On behalf of defendant it was stated that plaintiff had had from August 26th in which to reply. An injunction had been granted against defendant prevent- ing him from selling as executor. De- fendant was in a substantial position and a Justice of the Peace for the county, and did not like the injunction being continued ngainst him when he had done nothing which as executor he was not entitled to It retried a pity that the estate. • -h wr • < • of the value of £ 300, should be diminished by litigation. The property was devised by testatrix to the plaintiff and his brother. The Judge (to counsel) Do you mean that your client does not want to give farther time to n man. who has gone to serve his country ? Do you oppose an ndiournment to this man under the cir- cumstances ? Counsel (hesitating) said he must. The property was mortgaged, and plain- tiff and his brother could not pay off the mortgage, so that one of the houses would have to be sold. Perhaps the defendant should not have proposed to sell more than enough of the property to nav the mortgagee, and now he had un- dertaken not to do so. The debts on the estate and mortgage amounted to about £120. The Judge granted the application, and the case stands over for a week.

HARBOUR TRUST. I At the annual meeting of the Llanelly Harbour Trust on Monday, Mr. Daniel Williams, J.P., was unanimously re- elected to the chair, a similar compli- ment being paid to the vice-chairman, Sir Stafford Howard, K.C.B. ■ ■■■

LLANELL*YITE'S RETURN TO U.S.A., Mr. W. E. Thomas, of Granite City, Illinois, U.S.A., left Llanelly for the States on Thursday night after spending "oe inonths visit to his parents, Mr. I' Mrs. W. J. Thomas, Halfway, Llan- ieliy. Mr. Thomas retains a favourable I im)ressi!1 of l)iS visit, which was his first since twelve years. During his stay at LIan?Hy he made a large num- j ber of friends, masy of whom gave him I a hearty send-off on Thursday. He sails ( by the Allan liner "Sootian."

Rural Parish Council I THE VACANT CLERKSHIP. A meeting of the Llanelly Rural Parish Council was held at Felinfoel on Thurs- day night, Mr. Thomas Hughes in the chair. A vote of condolence was passed with the family of the late clerk, Mr. Wm. j HowelJ. The deceased gentleman had nlled the office since the formation of the Council in 1894, and tributes were paid to his valued services over a period of 20 years. It was decided to appoint Mr. Vernon Howell temporary clerk, Mr. J. Lee Davies, solicitor, being asked to assist him pending the appointment of a new clerk. Advertisements were ordered to be ¡ inserted in the local newspapers inviting applications for the position of Clerk, I the salary being fixed at JE20.

  ?<t*?n" Inn W'D'I'" n 'I Ioa" f'?I'" I ru r.K .and nu 1 All about the War. —— — Leuvaln. Germany has dealt herself the hardest blow which she has yet suffered in the war. By burning Louvain, killing we know not how many of its inhabitants, and turning the rest (say nearly forty thousand men, women, and children), adrift in the fields and on the pillaged countryside, she has forfeited the con- sideration of decent men. She has com- lmtted a deed which two centuries of ex- emplary conduct could scarcely efface. "German" must for a long time to come be almost synonymous with those epi- thets of nationality which we use to denote barbaric behaviour, particularly barbarism directed against a cultured conception of life. Irish Loyalty. One of the most satisfactory features of recent activities, from the British point of view, has been the ready sink- ing of all differences across the Irish Channel. Both Nationalist and Ulster Volunteers are at one on the question of British opposition to Germany. In- deed, we should say that a German in- vasion of Ireland, if such a thing were possible, would be met with a more furious resistance than would a raid on the English coast. Kins Albert. I What makes the resistance of King Albert of Belgium to the German hordes all the more heroic is the fact that 'both he and his charming wife are as German as centuries of German blood can make them. Until the outbreak of the war, among his most intimate friends were the Kaiser's sons. The Queen of the Belgians is also the namesake and god- daughter of the murdered Empress of Austria, who was her aunt. She has al- ways maintained the most affectionate relations with her uncle, the Austrian Emperor. The Economic Factor. I After more than a month of war, ac- cording to Board of Trade statistics, the percentage of wholly unemployed in this country has increased by a fraction over two per cent., and full time is prevailing in 55.4 of factories. On the other hand, the "Vorwaerts," the German Socialist organ, declares that the number of un- employed in Germany is immense, and "if it is not possible to help this army of starving people it will be a greater danger than the German military army's defeat." The reverses that our enemy has suffered in the field are not calcu- lated to lighten the economic burden. As the Chancellor of the Exchequer re- minded us a week ago, the enemy has considerable powers of endurance, and may hold out for a long time. Still, as in previous great European struggles. the "silver bullet" may be counted upon to play an important part. To a Finish. I This fight is to a finish. We have stated before, and we repeat it: We have no feeling of jubilation with regard to the present carnage in Europe. We have no feeling of pride that it should be necessary to put our best men, the flower of our nation, against the German military machine, but we recognize the necessity of checking the onrush of the Emperor whose belief is in "blood and iron," just as we recognize the nesessity of shooting animals when they get en- tirely out of hand. We did not seek the quarrel, but now that we are in we are in to win a glorious victory. More tiian a Million. Qxlv rhout a week or two ago we were I told that the Government wanted 500,000 new men for the Army, and a lot of I armchair critics said that lC11 a number could not be obtained. The "know-alls" said the thing was impossible and incon- ceivable. But the young manhood of the nation has been responding to the call j every day, and the result has been that on each day for some time past as many men have been enlisting as in usual cir- cumstances enlist in a year. That is to sny. that in ordinary circumstances about 30,000 men join the colours in a yeH" j and on one day during the last fortnight I 33,900 came in. The reply to the call j has been so magnifioont that Mr. Asquith I was able to declare that no sh?I be able to put 1,200,000 in the neld. qnitp apart f?om nH the troops sent from India and the Dominions, quite apart a?o from those sent by the Territorials, and all I those in the Reserve and the Special Re- serve This is at o-nee amazing and superb Light in Dak Placu. In war a nation mn suffer from other things beside stejel and lead. In all the neutrai lands-—in Holland, Italy, Den- mark, Scandinavia, rind even A mericar- war "news" that we know to be untrue is being powred out by Germany with the distinct purpose of prejudicing pub- lie feeTing against us in those lands. It should be our business to see that they have the truth—not days later, but at once. Would it be too much to ask the formidable list of censors, w hose names ijfire now been published, to "get a move on" in this direction ? Wfcat Britain did. .1 I No one who reads with a clear or an honest mind the documents can fail to feel completely satisfied with the part we have plnv^d We (lid everything we could, a little too much if anything, to I escape from implication in the great .&1.J. -( v.j 6 but when not only the national honour and the obligation of treaties became in- volved, but it was also obvious that Ger- many had determined to destroy France and overrun Belgium, we told her that we must fight tco. No nation ever had a better cause for taking up arms. We are fighting for national independence and for human liberty against the awful tyranny of a monopolist Empire. National Independence. A correspondent writes:—I have come across a passage in one of Sir Walter Scott's letters which iseems singularly appropriate at the present moment, be- ing written when England was engaged in her last great contest for all that makes life worth living. "My only am- ambition," he wrote, "is to be remem- bered, if remembered at all, as one who knew and valued national independence, and would maintain it in the present, struggle to the last man and the last guinea, though the last guinea were my own property, and the last man my own son." I believe that is how we are all feeling to-day. In the same letter Scott adds: "I detest croaking; if true, it is unpatriotic, and if false, worse." Culture. The Bernhardi school assures the world that war is the greatest of moraliz- ing forces, and that in this war Germany stands for culture against barbarism. How it expresses itself in practice may be gathered from the following letter, which a certain Herr Sachs has address- ed to the Japanese Embassy in Berlin:— Herewith receive back two decora- tions which I received from your country after the' Russo-Japanese War. The decorations of a common gang cf thieves and rogues befoul the breast of a German, and are not fit to be near the Order of the Prussian Eagle. Just as we shall settle with the other bands of treacherous criminals, the time will very soon come when we shall make you also pay, you scoundrels with the ever-grinning, bestial, yellow jaws. I Mr. Carnegie and the Kaiser. M. Clemenceau vigorously criticises what he calls Mr. Andrew Carnegie's "timid" plea that Europe owes the Kaiser forty years of peace. He says :— "Let the worthy Scottish millionaire say what he pleases. Forty years of peace —punctuated by incessant quarrels, five threats of war, and crowned by a war, in fact, for which I defy Mr. Car- negie to find any other cause than the desire to end French independence in order afterwards to finish Great Britain and Russia. At the very moment when Mr. Carnegie was speaking, gently op- posing the protests of Americans, the King of England had written to the King tho Belgians a vehement letter denoun- cing the crime of the German aviator who dropped a bomb on the Royal resi- dence in Antwerp, where the Queen and her children were staying. Does Mr. Carnegie believe that William II's ex- planations can change attested facts ?" Revenge. I A few days before Louvain was burnt the Baroness do Dieudonne, who had left came back to her chateau to find a Ger- man officer in a motor-car at the door carrying away their most valuable pic- ture and a gramophone. Being a very plucky woman, she ordered him to return the picture. He tried to excuse himself by saying it was his servant who had taken it, but the butler contradicted him and said he had seen him take down the picture. So the baroness insisted on getting it back, and eventually the officer did not dare take it away. She then ordered him to return the gramo- phone as well. He drove off, but the next day he brought a troop and burned the chateau to the ground. Nothing is left of it. .TJie Fragrant Weed. I It is worth remembering when every- one is wondering what is best to send t out to the troops at the front that djuing the Franco-Prussian War the Ger- man authorities were as anxious about supplying their soldiers with tobacco as they were about food and ammunition. A tobacco famine was a dreadful thing to be apprehended, and general subscrip- tions were raised in the principal German towrs. It was common to find a large I barrel with a hole in the top standing I at the corner of any important street, with a printed appeal on behalf of the army that cigars or cut tobacco might be dropped into it. Cromwell's "SouScilers." I It was stated in a well-known news- paper a few days ago that the equipment of Cromwell's Ironsides comprised a pocket Bible. This statement is very commonly made, but is a little mislead- ing if understood to mean that the soldiers of the Commonwealth carried in their pockets or knapsacks a complete copy of the Bible. What they actually carried with them—"generally buttoned between the coat and waistcoat," and sometimes perhaps affording protection against bulletl-was a slender volume of sixteen pages containing a selection of such Scripture texts as were deemed to I "shew the qualifications of his inner man that is a fit Seuldier to fight the Lords Battels.

ONE WORD WITH YOU. II Robert I>cu>:c, J, Silver Street. Banls1n'. writes I am pleased t" ?:?a" vour piUs arc priceless worth, will n111'" their prnises wtiwr 1 ¡r A. \¡ç¡n:pt1. of :"lo:1. writes f sMcr, I who suffered 'rom wctI: kidneys, took one V>ox. and i! has Hone her more ^ood than poundsspent on Medical men T?r>7.r>vp-s PILLS, »jvw»Tf ("Ir for Bqck. Drppq., I)." a.st of the Gout. Sciatife it i\ r,t ;('i post free 1:! stamp?,—HOLDROYD'S MEDICAL HALL, Cltcichealon.

.&:¡ I Here and There. Captain Buchanan Dunlop told the following story at a recruiting meeting: "I. was, he says, "talking to an officer of my own regiment in town yesterday; he was also wounded, and he told me about a fight on W ednesday week when one of his men lying just in front of him under heavy shell fire, turned to him and said, 'Sir, may I retire ?' 'Why ?' asked the officer, 'Sir,' replied the man, 'I have been hit three times.' That is the sort of spirt that our men are show- ing out there." The Committee of Privileges of the Wesleyan Methodist Church yesterday adopted a resolution expressing horror at the war, but at the same time satis- faction that his Majesty's Government had pursued the path of peacemakers to the very last, and that this country was not responsible for the outbreak. It is not anticipated at the Chief Re- cruiting Office that there will be any difficulty in raising the second 500,000 men called for by the Prime Minister. "There is no sign," said an official, of any slackening in enthusiasm, and it is quite likely that the second 500,000 will be got together even' more quickly than the first. Earl Selbourne at Coventry said that if Germany were victorious we should be bled to death. He would not try, how- ever, to crush the German nation out of existence—their help was Wanted in the progress of the world. Mr. Charles Duncan, M.P., described the German war policy as a mixture of Dick Turpin, Charles Peace and Crippen. The special "Come to Church" Cam- paign Committee, which consists of re- presentatives of all the denominations, is being called at an early date. There is every sign of a great revival of re- ligion as the result of the war, and it becomes of vital importance that the Churches should be in the van. H.M.S. Liberty and other destroyers that so distinguished themselves in the battle off Heligoland have now had brass plates affixed to their searchlight ap- paratus bearing the words, "Heligoland, September 4th, 1914." If we are unintentionally annoying some of our friends by calling them Ser- vians instead of Serbians, many of us are at least equally to blame in speaking of the Japanese as "Japs." If you people call us Japs," said Mr. Arthur Diosy's exasperated Japanese friend, "We shall -we shall have to call you Brits A letter written by a wounded French soldier in a field hospital to a friend in London includes a striking tribute to the work of the nurses at the front. "These nurses," he writes, "have a fearful time. Dry and night they arc busy, and when you ask them 'Are you not exceedingly tired ? they just smile, and, with a laugh in their eyes, make some comic reply. They are real heroines, and it is not merely our physical sufferings which they mitigate." A yery significant fact bearing upon the Kaiser's responsibility for the war nnd upon its premeditated character is furnished by Dr. H. J. Poutsma, one of the famous South African deportees. Dr Poutsma, who was in Berlin during the early stages of the war, states in "The Daily Citizen" that the Kaiser's war proclamations ordering the mobilization of the entire army and fleet 'were dated' 1912. The 2 was struck out with blue pencil and a 4 substituted. Practically every one of the proclamati ons issued on the following day was dated 1912. A wife whose husband is on active service need not worry about his in- surance card. The Army and Navy authorities will pay the contributions during his service, and the arrears do not matter. English schools are likely to benefit considerably this winter by the withdraw- ing of British pupils from schools on the Continent. In scme cases the principals of Continental schools are setting up schools in this country. Many business men who are suffering in consequence of the war are looking for cheaper schools for their boys and girls. In a communication to the Football Association the War Office state that the question whether the playing of matches should be entirely stopped must be de- cided by the Association, but the hope is expressed tliat the arrangements for football matches will be such as not to interfere with the facilities at present afforded the recruiting authorities. Mme. Maqherez, of Soissons,, has at- tracted admiring attention to herself throughout France by her conduct when the Germans entered her town. The civil authorities had left, and the Ger- man soldiers were pillaging the town, when Mme. Macherez presented herself to the commanding officer and said, "You may consider me as Mayor of Soissons. Ask me for anything you want."