The Cambria Daily Leader

*3" For Latest and Best WAR NEWS, see 5.30 and 6.30 Editions of the" CambrÜl Daily Leader

t — .———————— TheCornerColumn i A swanker has been defined as a "big lut on a small screw." All dogs are Tories, according to Mr. flolbrook Jackson, is that why they ,sa;a-ri and biter # The boxing boom has given rise to quite an epidemic of school lights, repots p. local headmaster. A Swansea, minister thinks that the present trouble in Europe is likely to Liish up with the great Armageddon. The Squire of Penllergaer laughed heartily when a flower-loving pedagogue toped, for his sake, that there would Pe da:ffodils in heaven." >);, A gentleman living in the Cockett Parish says that the day when Swansea lakes the parish under its wing will be 1 faiown as Emancipation Day. A man charged with kicking :bis wife iefonded himself by saying that he loved her from head to toe. With your toe, obviously," replied the magistfate. Councillor David Williams has very 5ttl9 use for the man whose chief quanti- tation is the approved corkscrew drawl M some university. =? Mr. W. J. Crocker, who has just ilttained his something birthday, has not tnly a capacity for making friends, but jR-hat is better, of retaining them. It is not the nut' with green Bocks and slimy hair who is conspicuous In hard work and hard play," General Sir R. Baden Powell told the boys of St. Paul's School Our office wit has been vexing people Yy assuring them that t' e war is over in Austria. When they express surprise, le add, Yes; it has been over there ill the time." Ila! hal Sir Claude Macdonald thinks he is the only man in the world to possess a ticket for his own funeral service in St. Paul's Cathedral. Sir Claude was Minis- ter at Peking at the time of the rumoured 81assarre fourteen years ago, in which he Jras supposed to have been killed. The reverend chairman of Swansea Board of Guardians would, a correspon- dent imagines, ascertain how to solve his problem of keeping members quiet if tie strolled into Swansea Council one day and heard the almost deafening per- formances with the hammer, of His JVorship the Mayor. # An Irish girl dismissed her sweet- heart with a promise to marry him when he had saved A:I,ili)O. About three months tafer she met him, and askpd him how much he had. About two pounds ten; be replied. Well/ she said. blushing, 'I reckon that's near enough.' In thie column the other night there !*ras an amusing story of a loca l magis- trate's astonishment at. seeing a line jouncing boy in a restaurant smoking II cigarette. Thai hoy was Wee Georgie "Wood, and the point of the joke is that fhe cigarette was made of chocolate. the cigarette was ina(le of Following an Australian tour, Sir Ian liamitton, Inspector-General of the Over- fce-a Forces, has issued a report which con- tains some pointed sayings:—" The bullet is the finest and cleverest instructor in the world. The best cure for failures is a leaden pill in a nickel envelope. But: the bullet charges high fees for its lessons, pnd two black strangers cannot make one jvhite Australian. The new baby had rather upset things, and the older sister was feeling lieglected. One afternoon a friend was calling, and Is Eleanor, aged 10, entered she ak-ked:- •• How are you, Eleanor t" "Oh, I'm all right." was the little girl's reply. in a rather dismal tone, but I think there's too much competition in ,tllis worid." 4i.Jt.AL. TT TP The famous time ball at Greenwich is to be replaced by a new aluminium ball. and the mechanism is to be overhauled and reconstructed. The winch will be removed from its present position near the Octagon Room to the Ball Lobby. The time ball was first erected in 1833. An electric current from the clock was first I Hused to drop it at one o'clock in 1852. A GIPSY'S HEARTH. I %ed sunset burning thro' the wood, A red flame leaping in my fire; {T'hro' staring green gap overhead I watch the wood-smokp plume and spire. I ay-weary on a lichened rock .1 sit and stir my bubbling crock. ybp bittern's cry is in the gorse, The cloud is dusky on the hill; {The crow is wheeling to the elm, The thirsty liedge-hog seeks a rill. J;?"e 1-obrs are in my cpiling spread I i sheaf the rushes for my bed. -A, Keene. TO-DAY'S STORY. I The Firli Court was engaged in Sydney fhe other day in the intricacies of a land fcase. The parties had retained distin- guished counsel, the Bar being well re- presented. Learned argument was in process aiuid the solemnity which char- acterises the Full Court proceedings. Suddenly a boy pushed his way into the Court, tiled past the array of barristers, and with perfed 6pli-pos8P&6iuD. walked On to the J>pnch. I This extraordinary interruption caused Reneral amazement, which culminated in j b?wtldprmpnt w hpQ the ?outh touched i r. Justice Sly familiarly on the | S houlder, and asked in audible tones. Have you any copy?" His Honour grasped the situation, and "irected the lad to the Press box. ? was ou?v an inexperiarced news- '?'P<T messenger who had. mistaken the I ?cd judge tor a reporter.

CRAVE NEWS. GERMANY'S LATEST STEP. SITUATION BECfliniHa MORE CRITICAL I HOURLY. J 1 WORLD-WIDE ANXIETY. Will there be an international conflict? That is the question which everyone is asking to-day. The answer depends largely on the reply —wJiich is expected at any moment- which is forthcoming to the efforts made by Germany to preserve the peace of Europe, and confine the actual conflict to Austria and Sarvia, which are, of course, the countries immediately concerned. Yesterday evening there was a remark- ably hopeful tone observable in Vienna, consequent upon the representations made by Sir Edward Grey. In France the Minister of the Interior spoke of news which had been received I from Germany, and which had produced a feeling of great satisfaction. On the other hand, the gravity of the I crisis—which was emphasised by the Pre- mier in the House of Commons last night —is clearly demonstrated by the messages published below. Germany has ben declared under martial law. The position is dealt with elsewhere. Holland has ordered a general mobili- sation of her trops. (treat Britain's attitude was clearly de- nned by Sir Edward Grey (as already exclusively reported) in the Commons last night. Measures of a precautionary nature are being taken. It has been stated officially that Austria is only mobilising a part of her troops, hot his is e' i(hntly not o. As a iiiitier of fact, en"ry available man is being called to the colours. This is stated to be unprecedented since the Austro-Prussian war of 1866. Meanwhile the Autrian attack on Ser- via continues. A strict censorship pre- cludes the publication of many details, but the messages which have been allowed to pas, and which are published below, indicate that desperate fighting is in pro- gress. The effect of the crisis on finance con- tinues to be disastrous. Further suicides, in addition to that of the German banker reported yesterday, are announced, and the markets of the world are demoralised. In Paris, Berlin, and Brussels there is a scarcity of gold. On the London Stock Exchange there were more failures yes- terday. At Lloyd's practically no business j was done except in war risk insurance. The London Stock Exchange was closed on Friday morning until further notice." This has caused a sensation, for the ar- rangement had been that the Exchange should merely close on Saturday and, Monday (Bank Holiday) as. usual. The, decision is not, however, entirely unex- pected. It is uncertain when the Ex- change will be re-opened. The positions of the various Powers, as shown by messages to hand this morning, and the latest telegrams dealing with the irterilat-ional situation and the Austro- Servian conflict, are published below. Business at the Swansea docks is prac- tically at a standstill. The trade situa- tion is separately dealt with in another column. Note.—Our readers will note that many of the messages to hand are conflicting- owing partly to official reticence and partly to the eliminations of the censors. -————- ————— GREAT BRITAIN. As Sir Edward Grey stated in the House of Commons, Great Britain is doing all she can to preserve the peace of Europe. The Government, however, are fully alive to the gravity of the siiiiation, and due precautions are being taken both around the coast and in other directions, i ThA Bristol Channel ports are being pro- jected, and coastguards have been in- structed as to their special duties. Welsh coal-owners have been notified, as a measure ot precaution, that their I coal may be required for Admiralty pur- I poses. War Office Notice. I An official statement issued from the "1' Office says: The military movements which have taken place are of a piii-ely precaution- ary nature. In accordance with the ordinary routine when precautionary measures are put into force, the Special Reserve sec- tions of the Territorial Force arc being employed, members of these sections I being under an agreement, in accordance with the terms of Section XIJI. (2) (b) of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act, 1907, to serve in such cases..No other TerritoriaLs are involved in these meas roe* Two young Dutchmen, taken in charge by the military at Freshwater Bay, Isle of Wight, and conveyed to Newport under military and police escort, were charged at the local police court with a breach of the Official Secrete Act by being in the neighbourhood of a prohibi- ted place outside Fort; Ridoubt, for the purpose of taking photographs. Their names were giveu as: Jacob Eliza Marie Sweps. wearing the uniform of the Dutch Grenadiers, sta- tioned at the Hague; and Gerard Sweps, a student, of W^geringen.t Holland. A constable said he saw Gerard appa- rently taking a photograph of the fort. his brother in uniform standing in from. The prisoners, who were remanded in custody, replied: "We have nothing to say. Only one photograph was taken." ————— AUSTRIA. Several lengthy telegrams are to hand, showing the remarkable state of feeling in Austria. Last evening in well-informed diplomatic quarters it was believed that I European peace would yet be preserved, and the conflict be purely a local one with Servia. Mobilisation on a very large scale continues, despite statements to the contrary. A 6triet censorship allows only such messages as are agreeable to Austrian diplomacy to be sent out, but certain items of news have come through travellers and others. The war opera- tions are reported in the column con- taining the latest telegrams. ■■ IK GERMANY. Great efforts are being made by Ger- many to preserve peace. Notes have, it is said, been addressed to St. Petersburg, Paris and other capitals, and a special correspondent of the Daily News and Leader states that in Berlin it is re- ported the Grand Duke of Hesse has left for St. Petersburg by special train to hand to the Russian Government or to the Tsar the Kaiser's reply to the Tsar's message. It is felt in Berlin that this is Ger- many's final effort to keep the peace, and if it should not prove successful then mobilisation will be resorted to. The Message to Russia. I Berlin.—According to information ob- tained from a. diplomatic source here, Germany addresesd a request to Russia for an explanation of the mobilisation of Russian forces. The Russian Government was asked what was the object of mobilisation, whether it was directed against Austria, and whether Russia was willing to order a cessation of mobilisation. The Russian Government, it is under- stood, was also requested to give a reply as speedily as possible Renter. RUSSIA. The attitude of Rusfia is the great problem of the moment, and it is not too much to say that on her decision depends practically the peace of the world. In our paragraph dealing particularly with affairs in Germany this is clearly demonstrated. Call to the Colours. I S<- Petersburg.-An Imperial Ukase summons to the colours: (1) Reservists of 23 entire Govern- ments, and of 71 districts of 11 other Governments. I (2) Of nine districts of four Govern- ments. (3) Naval reservists of 71 districts of 1 twelve Russian Governments and one Finnish Government. (4) Time-expired Cossacks of terri- tories of the Don, Kuban, Terek, Astrachan, Orenburg, and Ural. (5) A corresponding number of re- serve officers, surgeons, and veterinary surgeons. The necessary number of horses and vehicles with harness required have been requisitioned in the mobilised Governments and districts.—Renter. 700,000 Men The Paris Temps states that Russia is mobilising fourteen Army Corps and that these corps represent on a war foot- ing a force of tOO.OOO men, or, counting 300,000 men of the reserve, a total of 700,000 men. The mobilisation will last from eight to ten days. ————— ————— SERVIA. The position in Servia is described in the column devoted to the latest war news. Belgrade, the capital, is reported in one message to be in dames, owing to the bombardment by the Austrian guns. Heavy fighting has taken place, and is still in progress. TRADE SERIOUSLY AFFECTED. -.0. BUSINESS PRACTICALLY AT A STANDSTILL AT SWANSEA DOCKS. CLOOMY OUTLOOK. The crisis has already had the gravest effect on the trade of the port of Swan- sea, Business is almost at a standstill, for brokers are simply awaiting events. Practically no business was done on 'Change on Friday morning. Prices are very low, and owners are said to be re- fraining from sending their ships to the port. As far as patent fuel-and coal are con- cerned, trade is practically paralysed. The tinplatc trade has also been seriously affected, and grave appre- hensions are entertained for the future. Appeals for prayers for peace have been issued by the Arch bishops to the clergy of the Church of England, and by the President of the Free Church Council to the members of the Free Churches.

MARTIAL I AW. .0. "STATE OF WAR" IN GERMANY. A I WIDE POWERS FOR THE ARMY. I BAVARIA INCLUDED. Reuter's Berlin correspon- dent telegraphs: A state of war has been declared in Germany. A later message explains that this does not mean a de- claration of war against any other Power. It means that the German Empire has been placed under martial law. When a country is declared to be under martial law the military authorities have cer- tain powers given them, such as the exercise of a censorship of news, the regulation of food prices, railway transit ar- rangements, and other mat- ters. i" It also, of curse, includes" power to mobilise troops to such an extent as may be deemed advisable by the Gov ernment. It may be added that mar- tial law is not regarded in Germany in quite the same light as in England; it is a not unusual measure taken in parts of the Empire when dis- turbances of the peace arise. The declaration of martial law throughout the whole em- pire is, of course, a far more serious matter, BAVARIA. I In conformity with Paragraph 68 of I the Constitution of the German Empire, Bavaria being therefrom excluded, the German Emperor has decreed a state of war for Bavaria, aud a simlar decree will be issued. A GERMAN DENIAL. Newspapers Suspended for Announcing Mobilisation. Berlin—The statements that Germany would mobilise on Friday, and that Prince Henry was going to Sc. Petersburg, are untrue. Four newspapers which announced that Germany was mobilising have been sus- pended by the policy. .—■♦■I. i —————— GAVE WRONG INFORMATION. The Tribunal of the Seine decided to I take proceedings against the director aud manager of a French newspaper which published incorrect iiew6 regarding mobi- lisation movements. --1.

WAR WIRES. SERVIAN CAPITAL IN FLAMES. I VIENNA, July 30. 7.40 p.m.An. official dispatch says: About midnight machine gun fire was opened from Belgrade, and in reply the Austro-Hungarian monitors bombarded the city. I At t o'clock in the morning a powder l magazine in Belgrade blew up. At dawn the Servians made another un- j successful attempt to destroy the bridge. As shots were tired from the Servian Customs house upon our troops our artil- lery WHS trained upon the building, which was quickly destroyed. Belgrade is in lfames. Renter. Belgrade Occupied. ) 1 Following a heavy bm barctmen t by the. Danube gunboats, Belgrade was occupied 'xc h atige Telegraph by Austrian troops.Exchange Telegraph tympany. An exchange of ideas is constantly I going on between the Cabinets, and it is i said that Sir Edward Grey has made new proposals for a peaceful solution of the crisis. According to advices from Paris and Berlin it is aIm expected that these fresh overtures will be successful. MESSAGE FROM NISH. I Fighting Continues: Heavy Losses I Repvrtfed.. Xisii letegram, via Salonica, I riday Dispatches arriving from Semendria de- clare that up to last night the Austrians had not succeeded i-ii iorcing the pass which would give them access to the I Moravia Valley, and thus open the direct road to Xish. The lighting continues desperately, and heavy losses have been sustained.—Ex- change Telegraph Co. I FROM VIENNA. I Women Offer Themselves as Red Cross I Nurses. Vienna, Thursday (delayed in transit). —The international political crisis appears to be nearing its height. Tension in Vienna to-day is greater than at any time before, and although nothing definite is known to have occurred to change the situation, public pessimism seems more widespread and intense. Mr. Asquith's utterances in the House of Commons on the seriousness of the situation are noted here, and are thought to be entirely justified. The Neuc Frie Presse writes most pessimistically, and insists that the Russian War Minister has been gaining the time which the Ambassadors and Ministers have been losing in conversations and Notes. Gratitude to Britain. I Other journal s stride ti similar note of gravity, and declare that Great Britain's generous and sympathetic attitude towards Austria-Hungary at the present. juncture has made a deep impression here. The Reich.spool," which is closely connected with the Foreign Office and the War Office, declares that the Monarchy will never forget the support it found in Great Britain in days of gravity and anxiety. The Emperor, who returned from Ischl at noon, received an extraordinary ovation. Popular enthusiasm for war throughout the Empire shows no sign of diminution, demonstrations being reported. Hundreds ol middle-ageds and orderly iaien show j 44ieir lovaltv by for military service. include th>vwy fiem-ber? oi ■ M ihrxt aHstocrv^' "fafrtilies in i he J i) n g,,i ri;i n,- Czechf—and sonc have enlisted as private .soldiers. An appeal for Red Cros" nurses [ me4 with an mmpdiatp response. j Women Not Backward. Thousands of women and girts belong- ing to all classes of society came to he Vienna ho.-pitals yesterday and to-day, and entered their names for training. The Archduchess Maria Theresa has applied to the Emperor for permission to serve as a Red Cros> nurse. Moi.ey and contribu- tions of material are coming in from ail iiid various funds for aiding soldiers are a lso meeting with generous support- Several Budapest landlords have agreed to give a quarter's rent to the families ot necessitous reservists. The Austrian capital i- overflowing with people. Toui ists are the sum- mer resorts on the mountains :md bv the seashore, and are hastening home. Railway Protection. I East Prussia.. -The following notifica- tion, by the Commissioner of Police, has been issued :—In ord-r to ensure the safety of the main railway and Tolling stock, a military guard has bepn posted at the station. The public are forbidden to approach vithin a hr.ndred metres of the railway permanent way, bridgps, etc. Persons rlisobejing this order are liable to be shot. ————— ————— FROM BERLIN. Important Statements from Authoritative Sources. .————— (Press Association Foreign Special.) Berlin.—Germany is beginning to realise that in war commerce lapses m- well as laws. Idle Bourses, business men anxiously discussing the prospects of a moritorium stoppage of loans, the drafting of employes into the army, all enforce the moral. Official Statement. Kews of the Russian Vkase calling out reservists increased the strain of a situa- tion already so tense that it can scarcely hear anything more. The following statement was officially m,-de to me:— If the news is confirmed, the mili- ta.ry measures being; taken by Russia are of such a nature that they must in- variably lead to counteracting measures on the part of Germany. The Ukase amounts to a thallenge flu ng at Germany at a moment when Russia is being threatened neithe-, by Germany nor Austria-on the I contrary, at a moment when German diplomacy is straining every nerve at St. Petersburg in order k, contrive a peaceful ii solution. Friends of peace in London would do well to turn their attention to St. Petersburg. In reply to a question as to whether German mobilisation must inevitably result in war, I was told that it waR con- ceivable that something might be done! to avert the worst, but that the danger would be most acute. German offikhil quarters this evening stated that the. assertion emanating from a foreign diplo-f matie quarter that Germany had already demanded an explanation of the roobilisa- J tion from St. Petersburg was incorrect. ■ ■ ■ — j "COMING TO A HEAD." [ The Parisian View. ¡ -1 Paris.—The newspapers here consider; that tllt, sitiizitioti is rapidly coming to a i head, and that a solution of some sort I eannot he long delayed. I It is generally felt that the Russo-j German negotiations will decide upon, peace or war. The hope is expressed that war may be averted. i

LATEST N EWS. 00 BANK RATE EICHT PER GENT. AUSTKO-RUSSIAN COMMUNICATIONS. NEGOTIATIONS STATED TO HAVE BEEN RE-BPENEB. t IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT. I HOLLAND MOBILISING HER TfsOOPS t I I An Exchange Telegraph Co. s message says the Bank Rate has been raised to eight per cent. The Hague, Friday. —The Queen of Holland to-day signed a decree 4'or the general mobilisation of her forces.- Reuter. France and Germany. An Exchange Telegraph Company's jnessage from Paris states at Bonn, the frontier between Germany and France is suarded by trooplt, and the bridges span- ning the river are specially guarded. All automobiles passing from one side to the other are accompanied by escorts of troops belonging to both nations. » — i AUSTRIA AND RUSSIA. Conversation Re-opened. /Press Association Fomign Special.) The Press Association learns that official new reached diplomatic, quarters this noruing of the re-opening of the conver- sations between Austria and Russia, which were suspended a day or two ago. These are being carried on both at St. .Petersburg and Vienna, and as they afford a fresh opportunity for both siieti explain- ing their standpoint, it is hoped they may form the beginning of an improved situ- ation. Until the receipt of the abnve-men- tioned news; this nioming none of the Embassies during the night hod intima- tion of any developments. The tension is still extreme, and is hav- ing a marked effect on more than one 0i the Ambassadors, who. together with their staffs, are working night and day. J Military Movements in Austro-tlungaviun quarters it is i stated that no news has been received ir05a Vienna of any fresh demarche. it seems that Belgrade has been occu pied. but there is no definite idea of what is likely to be the next inilitary stop. Whatever thai, may be. it may be repeated j that Austria-Hungary has no ztiitbitidiii for Servian territory, and has no idea of encroaching on Servia. To incorporate into the Monarchy more Serbs would be! regarded as a danger to the balance of nrtionalities, and would be against the best interests of the Hungarian people. IN RUSSIA. I Feverish Excitement in the Capital. St. Iletersi,iirg. Fri(iav.- Fc-i-erisli pxJ jtitement prevailed in the capital all last night. Scarcely anyone seemed to have gone to bed. The streets resounded with the din of continual patriotic i-e.vionstra- tions. a.nd even at tour, o ?.lo»k in the l morning enormous crowds carrying national flags and portraits of the Em-  peror, were still parading the ptrppt?. cheering for the Eusxian Ajtii? :.1 d the Tsar. ) Huge number? of workmen gathered I' during the nigitt outside the factory gates. Many of them who have been called to the colours were enthusiastically saluted by their comrades. Impromptu meetings were held in all parts of the city and suburbs, and the scene altogether is one of unprecedented enthusiasm. The newspapers kept on [bringing out special editions, and news- paper sellers were sometimes almost torn asunder in the. rush of people to get the latest telegrams, which were read out aloud, and listened to with rapt atten- tion by the surrounding crowd. Striking Scenes. j Striking scenes arc being witne«»ed at the mobilisation oiffces, where people of all classes are flocking to register them- selves. At. every street-coiner may be ob- s?rved little in.jr\,f'nts Which Sh¿W, PI.' r- haps as well as anything, what th( state of feeling is. Utror F?r?)ngers gre?t one another and shake hands, and even em- brace each other. The seriousness of the position is realised by all. and personal affairs are being (-art aside for the moment hy everybody, and troubles being over- shadowed by the firm resolution to do one's duty to the country. Reservists of St. Petersburg have today to hid farewell" to their families and friends. They were paid off from their factories and works this morning. At I six o'clock to-morrow morning they will assemble at the various centres. Resolute Women. I AVomen-foik of the lower classes are tearful but as resolute as the men. We must, and will fight for our Servian brothers and sisters," is the' genera l sentiment. Pro-English feelings are evcn greater than pro-French feelings.

_UU- For Latest War Telegrams see Page Six. THE CRISIS. Latest Wires. The European situation is dealt with, (111 r&go One and Pags Six. newvpapsr Pester Lloyd et-dtes #aehange of telegracjs has taken place bekwven- Kuiser and Tsar, .L and Bugler Boy. 100 to 1* Lord Weetbury. 10 to i GOLD VETff and Ronaldo, 100 t. Seraiiader and Bawal Plndi. 100 to 7 others. 5PEAB 1, YOKOHAMA 2, WILLIAMS PRIDE 3.-Thr06 rwi < T V- Swansea Mercantile Co., Ltd. 18, PARK STREET. SWANSEA, MAKE CASH ADVANCES DAILY from LIO" to' 11,000. No Charge Unless Business Done. Bills Discounted. Strictly Private and Confi. dential. For further, particulars apply- H. B. JONES, Managing Directs.