Pioneer

THE TIDE HAS TURNED! Address by R. C. WaSlhead. I SEE PAGE 3

AN IRISH BISHOP AND THE WAR I Primate of Limerick's Remarkable Pastoral. I Frank and Fearless Condemnation of the War. I J??* though a, policy of prudence has com- to ? ???" the "?? of ther "Pioneer" S"' ?n,ifther we make no apologies for devoting QHlsh nf our four pages to a' reproduction of 'I tho Len? Pastoral of the Bishop of Limerick, ''?r 6 Ob appeared Ul the  appeared in the "Cork Examiner," ?y T ?S?rded from the Christie, the poli- r,r<^i the humanitarian, or the literary point of I "'ê)1f} ?? Pastoral ma&t be regarded as one of ? dearest and most outspoken documents that l « £ ped sinee the world was given over to '? a?DGss of blood and lust two and a half ?? ago. To our English and Welsh Bishops CaMmend it; from it we trust that the fol- t;rra of the lowly Nagarene, whether attached I ItuDle ?' England, ? Nonconformity; will fent- heart and examine its premises and conclu- SiOns m the ??t of the principle6 of their to the Pa?i&st it will came as a jov.— -waiter. ] lf *r9i Wf" turned to God in the spirit of true cpent&ncB tor our sins, and in humble suppli- iA i?1 °* His Divine Mercy, it should Qe during 0 holy -pason of Lent on which we are about to ?nter. Ofer the wGrld there is a great cloud 9 sorrow: men seem to be drifting away not Qnly from the doctrines of the Christian faith, but from the elementary principles of humanity, j ?d. |n the savage and brutal passions which the ai has aroused, are forgetting their obligations ? their fellow-men, and. what is worse, their to God for the abominable laugh l is the shame and scandal of our age. -11,01, two years and a half, under the direction ^Uj;-inspiration of our Holv Father the Pope, have prayed incessantly to God to bring the ar to an end, and yet it goes on with ever in- fury and over wiuor areas. The world never seen in human bloodshed anything to 8j]pare with the year f. 'l 6. and we enter on he new year with the slaughter still increasing, the prospect- of its continuance with un- abated furJ. It all looks so hopeless that some people are t'lapt-ed to think that their prayers are useless, and that the world is caught by the war, a,s by some .great conflagration which nothing can ex- niguish, and must burn itself out to the last. But rfc is not so. We must never for a moment alloir any weakness in our faith in the provi- H10C cti tliitt rult-s iuw- v* -Grid, and shapes ".S ca,ul-?e-s towards His own Divine purposes, to take hold on us, or impair the confidence with l ?hich we invo ke His protection. Our prayers  'lfe not in vain; every one of them goes before the Throne of Mercy, and, in God's good time .and way, will receive its answer. Our vision is liat,tow we do not see the wider issues of things. and it is no wonder that an experience of hor- a,ot. such as we are now going through, should Prove a trial for our faith. But it will help us to remember that there 'e. worse tilings than war, that is, than war in j to material aspects. Moral guilt is worse; un- ^•lief, the rejection of God's faith, the unre- ftraijjpd sway of human passions, no matter how it may be hidden under a veneer of civilisation, a lower state of human society even than this ^I'rible war, which, bad as it is, may, for all we kow) be a means used by a merciful God to the people of Europe back from corrup- t10n., to a purer and healthier life. In that, too, there may be an answer to our 1?'ayM s. Then, the war is not yet over, and, ?thoug? human Governments imagine that it ? '?together in their hands to determine the ?Ue, they will probably find in the en d that it ? been governed by a higher power Whose ac- Hall if unseen, can never be frustrated. God tan lead this war to blessed results that none f us think of; and already we may pretty con- 'ixtly reckon on one of them as practically thieved, the deliverance of the Kingdom of Po- ynd from the iron despotism of Russia. For t.be Poles, we Irishmen have a fellow feeling; thO.N, have been oppressed, their country has been Slaved, and their religion persecuted but, in lbe darkst hour, they never despaired and never 'bilged their faith from their Father in Hea- len. It will be something if at the end of this V""r, we see that ancient Catholic Kingdom re- ,? ored to its place amongst the nations, a wara- 8 to despots, and a hope for the oppressed. And I would express n hope that when the „ ?? settlement comes after the war, no Irish- ?u will be found, on any pretext of party P?htics, to help to undo the good work that has ? ??y been achieved for the natIon of Sobieski. f This emancipation of Poland, which no one oresaw, may be an indication to us of the re- '??rce.s, if 1 ?ay use the expression, of God 's ? ?Y'?ence, and encourage us to persevere in our ?hdence in God, no matter how discouraging i ?outlook may be. 11 But although our trust in God's Providence is 0^unded, and we "believe that out of the direst ble h,Uíla1J. calamities He can daw 'unllnagmed it ?? yet wI know that this war, however 1 to nd b. I; t ends, ??? whatever may be its ultimate re- Sit s I ()He of the most fearful scourges that p ^,lc^d the human race, and should move h. ^8tian to turn to God in prayer, and h i ?tian to turn to God in prayer, and thehea?? ? ?'"? ?? '?"'? ??  '? ?'??'  v P?y .should we pray for peace, but each us, m his (?? position, and according to his ?ortumties, ?ould work for it, and help to T'll ,3 pubhr- opinion which will prepare the ?y for its reali?tiou. There is little use in Paying for peace if ? do not honestly desire it, 1 d?ire it only on conditions that are satisfac- '-?'y to ourselves. The forces against peace are immense. Gov- tlUents t}at have plunged their people into t.1 war, wIll not rea? admit tht they were -WIt ()n They dread the account which they will I '?'e to render to their people of the millions of ? young lives that have been sacrificed, the imaginable wealth poured out like water that kight-ha-ve been used for the betterment of the in^sses, the almost hopeless poverty -which will have to be faeed. No Government will contem- plate such a judgment with a light heart, and therefore, to stave off the evil day, they will go on like desperate gamblers, until they and their nations are utterly ruined. The people have te think and to speak for themselves, and on no people does that duty lie more heavily than on us in Ireland. We have for the moment a fictitious prosperity. War prices have made the farmers and others imagine that they am accumulating wealth. It is no- thing of the kind. They are accumulating paper, which, in circumstances that are quite conceiv- able, might be as valuable as old newspapers. Where is the gold? It is easy enough to print bank notes, but unless there is gold behind them they are worthless. When the war is over the crash will come. The National Debt of England is now more than three thousand million pounds. That is the money which at present, in the shape of paper, is in circulation. We have often heard of men raising money on a bill in the bank, and spending it freely as if it were their own, but when the bill falls due the reckoning comes, and the disillusion. It is the same thing now. And if the war goes on for another year, I do not see how this country can escape "utter and irre- trievable ruin. That is a reason for the people to prav, and to press their representatives in Parliament to have some regard for the interests of their own country,. Then, ail through this war the Press has been an influence for evil. It has not been, as it ought to oe, an Organ for expressing and guid- ing public opinion. It has been taken posses- sion of 1ry the Governments, and used, not for the enlightenment of the people, but for their manipulation. When Pius IX. condemned as immoral, as it was, the doctrine of the freedom of the Press, all the infidel and anti-Catholic writers in Europe held up their hands in horror at such an attempt to shackle human thought. During this wa,r I think the gyves have been pretty tight on these same people, without a murmur of protest. It would seem that no free- dom should be allowed to the Press where ma- terial interests were at stake, but, if it was only men's souls were in question, there should be full libert to do as much mischief as one liked. So wt isee in these days. Ah the newspapers are on the same note. Unionist and Nationalist, they are all on the side of war. When the Pope issues an Encyclical letter, or pronounces an al- locution in favour of peace, net a. newspaper dares to hint that possibly it might be well to consider it. The people read nothing bnt war, war: hatred of the Germans, the certainty of victory, but never a word of human responsibili- erying to God from the earth. srying to God from the earth. Very soon after the outbreak of the war the Pope proposed to the belligerents to confer, and see if, by reason, there might not be some wv besides mutual slaughter, of composing their differences, but their blood was up at that time, and none of them would listen to him. Again and again he has repeated that appeal, but with the same result. After two years and a half of bloodshed the Emperor of Germany proposes to his enemies to enter into a conference, and the proposal is summarily rejected. The Present Prime Minister of England said that if England and her allies went into such a conference they would put a rope around their necks. But he has not been asked to explain how that figure of speech is justified. If, as he alleges, the "Entente" Powers are conscious of the purity and unselfishness, and nobility of the purposes for which they have gone to war, and if, at the same time, they know that the forces at their command are sufficient to bring them victory, it is not easy to see how a, conference would pre- judice much less strangle them. If Germany's terms were exhorbitant, they could be rejected, and then the moral guilt for the continuation of the war would rest on her. But now the refusal even to discuss terms of peace seems so arrogant and unreasonable that one may conclude that it covers a determination to make no peace on any terms, but to fight the war out to a. finish. If that is the meaning of the answer which England and her allies have given to the overtures of the German Emperor it is simply appalling, and opens up for the world an indefinite prolongation of the war and all its miseries. We have been told again and again that German Militarism is the cause of the present conflict, If it can be defeated only by another Militarism, if reason and religion are to have nothing to say to the re-establishment of peace, if brute force alone is to rule the world, then it is not easy to see the difference between one despotism and another. Surely, there might be some consideration for the unfortunate inhabitants of the countries that are devastated by the war: there might be some pity for the small nationalities, for Belgium, and Serbia, and Montenegro, and Rumania, that have been led to their ruin, and Governments that claim that they are the defenders of right against might, I would do well to show some faith in their own pcinciples. We may hope that the Government of this country does not really entertain the views that its language implies. If there is to be no peace until Germany, crushed under the heel of Eng- land, sues for terms, then this generation will never see it. The first effect of the high-handed refusal to negotiate will be to bind the German peoples in a closer union than ever for the de- fence of their Fatherland. We may be sure that in Germany, as in every belligerent coun- try, there are millions of people who are weary of the war, and who would make almost any sacrifice to bring it to an end. But if they are told that the only terms on which they can have peace are their utter defeat and humiliation, and the break-up of their Empire, and the destruc- tion of all their hopes, then they will fight to the last man, as any nation of freemen would, before accepting such a fate. The people who are now rejecting all proposals for peace, may find that in the desperation of a great people, they have roused against them an immeasurable power. Then no nation, however wealthy, can afford to flout the opinion of the world. That is a judgment that they cannot disregard. And, in the public pronouncements which have 'been re- eently made, there is a plain indication that the neutral world has oome to the conclusion that the war has gone on too long. It is too in- human it is an outrage against God; it is, as the Pope well called it, the "suicide of Europe and honest impartial opinions throughout the world affirms that it is high time for it to cease. From the very first the Pope, to his eternal honour, and to the glory of the Catholic Church has protested against so irrational, and rainous a method of settling international differences, but the deplorable loss of religious unity in Europe has weakened his power as a peace maker, yet his testimony is there. It stands as the judgment of the highest religious atfthor- ity on earth, and, for us Catholics, is entitled to more weight than the clamour of partisans, and political intriguers. Then the President of the United States, Bpeaking as a man of the world, looking in the first place to the interests of his own great country, but at the same time with a very high and noble regard for the well-being of humanity, appeals to the belligerents to take a first, albeit a remote, step towards peace, by declaring to the world what are their respective aims in the war. In making this most humane and reason- able proposal, the President had before his mind the danger that the United States themselves, might be drawn into tha conflict, and now it would seem that his fears are on the point of realisation. What effect the intervention of America will have upon the duration, or ulti- mate issue of the war is not yet clear, but it deprives the cause of peace of the support of the one great Power whose neutrality was, up to this, a ground for hoptJ, and will give to the passions of the war an angrier, a.nd more savage character. Hitherto wars were conducted by soldiers on the field, this war has now sunk to an attempt, on both sides, to force the enemy countries into submission by starving their civil populations. It is a. striking illustration of the progress of modern civilisation. During this very year there may be a shortage of food in this country, and the condition of the people become very serious, and one may ask is it necessary. Is there not in the world enough of reason, not to speak of religion, to find some way out of this labyrinth of ruin? The interests of the whole world are being imperilled the fate of all the peoples, f riends as well as enemies, is at stake, for generations to come.; in the face of so im- mense and fearful a calamity it is heart break- ing to hear the clamour with which newspapers and politicians call for a continuance of the war, and appeal to the worst passions of the ignorant people. War is an uncertain game, and the present war may bring its retribution on those who ar- rogantly refuse to consider all overtures for peace. Has the. course of it hitherto, or the conduct of it, given any grounds for this over- weening confidence? Everyone can remember when English and Irish newspapers, Unionists and Nationalists, calculated for us to a nicety the number of weeks that it would take the Allies to reach Berlin, and dictate their terms of peace to their defeated enemy. It has been found a long, long way to Berlin. The hopes of Russian triumph then came and progress was promised with the irresistable force of a steam roller. What has become of all these visions? Are those which now contemplate Germany yield- ing under the starvation of her women and chil- dren more substantial? Germany claims that the blockade, as it is carried on, is a violation of all international law, and makes it the justi- fication of the abominable submarine warfare. But apart from that, is there not here, too, the possibility of self-delusion ? The Germans are a resourceful people: one good harvest at home, with the Rumanian granaries, may easily upset all calculations based on their defeat through hunger. But we are assured that Germany must yield through sheer exhaustion. What sign is she showing of it? Last autumn, when the at- tack on the Somme was at its height, and, at the same time, the Russian armies reorganised and rearmed, were apparently sweeping every- thing before them, the kingdom of Rumania caught the vertigo, and plunged irffco the war. It was hailed as the final stroke against Ger- many. Her reserves of men, we were assured, were exhausted, she was at her last gasp against the English in France, and the Russians in Galicia she had no more men, and the Rumanian army, variously estimated at from five hundred thousand to seven hundred thousand men, would sweep over Austria, and end the war. Where are all these high hopes and promises now? And if the war goes on for another year what grounds are there for thinking that Germany will be at the end of her resources? Others can play at the game of beggar-my-neighbour. The English Chancellor of the Exchequer said a few weeks ago that England could not, continue indefinitely to arm men and find money tt, tile, present rate. Possibly in another year, with the National Debt standing at five thousand millions, and the man- hood of the country being slaughtered, and the mercantile marine sunk, and her commerce gone, England may find the process of exhausting Ger- many may have been too costly. How will Russia bear the- strain, and Italy and France? Can they go on indefinitely, or is there no fear that they mav reach the lowest point and have to give up? People talk lightly about carrying on the war for years, hut one may well doubt if they have any idea of what their words imply. In every form of human miery-ill death, and wounds, in the desolation of whole countries, in the sorrows of widows and orphans, in the de- struction of the fruits of human industry, in the arresting of human progress, in the heritage of poverty which it makes for posterity, one year of this war surpasses anything the world ever saw. And, therefore, we can hardly have pa- tience with the flippant and irresponsible lan- guage of newspapers and politicians. They seem to have lost sight of all the deeper aspects of this Avar, and to regard it in the spirit of the specta- tors of a prize fight. To win ie their one thought, no ii- tter at what cost and through what horrors. Men in that frame of mind will never make peace until they are beaten to their knees. They have lost all sense of justice and truth and hu- manity, not to talk of Christian charity. They speak and write about, the war like heathens, and without a suggestion of any sense of its colossal evfl. In the beginning there were some traces of Christian feeling amongst the belliger- ents. On Christmas Day, 1914, the poor sol- diers on both sides came out of their trenches, and, in the spirit of the great Feast, fraternised with one another. That has all disappeared, and, in its stead the evil work of statesmen and newspaper writers has produced a coarse, blaok, I brutal hatred of Germany and Germans that makes thi; war more like the deadly struggle of wild beasts than a contest amongst men. That temper is now the great obstacle to paace. In the present frame of mind of the English people, and I am sorry to have to say of many Irish, no abuse, no insult, no falsehood is considered too gross to hurl at the Germans. We hear no admission that there is anything to be said for them—that they are of the same nature as ourselves; that in their immense in- dustries and growing commerce they have given pledges to the peace of the world; that possibly there may be some truth in their claim that they are fighting a war of self-defence; that for 44 years from 1870 to 1914 they had never done any act of aggression against any country, a claim which neither England nor Prance nor Russia can make for itself. Yet we have been told by no less a personage than the Prime Min- ister of England that Germany had got upon English nerves, and that her Militarism was in- tolerable. While that blind, unreasoning spirit lasts there is no chance of peace; no fair and reasonable consideration of the conditions of a just and permanent peace. Surely the Gospel of Christ holds good between nations as well as between individuals, and, al- though one may well hesitate to say it above his breath in these days, we are bound to love, our enemies, and judge them at least with jus- tice. The simplest dictates of common sense should tell people that in this mighty struggle between the greatest nations of the world there must be two sides, on the moral issues, yet we are not allowed to hear a word or a hint to sug- gest that there may be something, to be said for Germany. We are practically asked to be- lieve that a nation that for forty years has de- voted itself to all the works of peace, and has taken the foremost place in all the intellectual achievements of the human race, has suddenly lost all moral sense, and sunk to the lowest depths of bv the were tact of pyiinfr to war with England, it is too great a JefTiand on our credulity, and only the blindness ef sel- fish passion could bring people to believe it. It is the same unreasoning prejudice in every- thing that concerns the war. In answer to tne German Emperor's proposal of a conference to discuss the possible terms of peace the answer of the Allies consists of recriminations, and ex parte statements about the causes of the war. Even if these statements were true, where is the use of them now? They do no good, "but only exasperate. The origin of the war is ascribed to the ultimatum unprecedented in severity, which Austria prosented to Serbia. But, the Germans say, that was only the second step. Why not give its due place t. the atrocious and abominable crime of Serbians that drove Austria to that strong measure? The ultimatum was severe. Certainly, and so was the crime. It was not the isolated crime of an individual, but part of a deeply laid political plot against the Austrian Sovereignty. Austria was absolutely justified and bound in self-defence to make the demands that she did. But the fatal step, the real cause of the war, was the interference of Russia to protect Serbia, which was her creature, and her outpost in the Balkans. And in the agreement which was signed last year between England, France, and Italy, on the one hand, and Russia on the other, promising Constanti- nople to Russia as her reward at the end of the war, we have revealed the real cause of the hor- ror that is now devastating the world. Russian ambition, coinciding with English fear of Ger- many, is the. real root of all the trouble. Ger- many's part in that stage of the dispute) was simply to stand by her ally, Austria, and if she had failed to do so, she would have been false to her honour and to her own safety. I state these things, not by way of justifica- tion of Germany, in which country, except for admiration of its greatness, I take no special in- terest, but just to show that the morality of this war is not altogether the one-sided affair that the British Government and its political allies represent it to be. It is the same over all the questions that have arisen out of the war. We are never done hearing about the crime of the invasion of Belgium. But in principle how was it worse than the invasion of Greece by the Allies, notwithstanding the statement, which has not been verified, that they acted on the invita- tion of the Greek Government. Then we are told of the crimes committed by German soldiers. I have 110 doubt that many of them are true. Crime dogs the steps of all invading armies, and even the short experience, which we had in Dublin last Easter, should show people the pos- sibilities of crime by individual soldiers whose blood lust has been excited. But if peace is ever to come, we must try and rise a bove the bitter- ness and anger of these recriminations, and catch some of the spirit of the Gospel of Christ: Peace > leave with you, My peace I give unto vou is His blessed word. In a beautiful address delivered in Rome, on last- Christmas Eve, our Holy Father, tbte Pope, admonishes us that the pea,ce of Christ is pro- mised only to men of wood will." Not in answer to the spirit of pride, or ambition, or conceit. or hatred, will the blessings of that peace descend upon the world, but it will be given to those who, even amidst the excitement of this terrible war, try to consider things in the spirit of our Divine Master's teaching. To look at the great issues that are at stake with some impartiality, to admit that there may be some- thing to be said on the other side, to see that here, as in almost all phases of human existence, there is need of compromise, that the ruin of the war is so terrible, and peace would be soj great. a Messing for the w dd, that no sacrifice, exopt that of justice and honour, would be too great to put an end to the conflict, and aboye all to remember that the Germans are our fel- low men, the children of our Father who is in Heaven, these may seem to irresponsible writers in newspapers weak and worthless considerations, but it may turn out in the end that they were better than the promptings of pride and anger. The foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men (1 Car. 1. 25). Pray then, my dear Brethren, that this Char- ity of Christ m&v descend upon the earth, and replace the selfishness, the ambitions, the rival- ries, which, however disguised by high sounding professions, are the real motives of the war. And that your prayers may be more acceptable, let them come from hearts in which Christ dwells by fai-bh, they being rooted and founded in char- ity. During Lent use the means of grace which God has given to us so abundantly in His Church. Sanctify yourselves, and then you may hope that your prayers, together with those of the .Faithful throughout the world, will ascend before the Throne of Mercy, as an incense, and help to appease the anger of God whom we have- offended. Seek the pardon of your sins in the Sacrament of Penance, and let your own soul be at peace with God: feed the spiritual life within you with the Living Bread which came down from Heaven"; assist often, daily, if you can, at the offering of the Holy Sacrifice of the Maas meditate on the Passion and Death of Christ Our Lord, and by Fast and Abstinence fill ç what is wanting in your souls: give alms to the poor to deliver you from death, and, by the daily recitation of the Rosary, place all these, and the other works of piety which you may perform, under the patronage and intercession of our Mother Mary, and you may confidently hope that she will present and recommend them at the throne of her Divine Son, as your petition for His Mercy, and the cessation of this most dis- astrous, and senseless of wars. "The grace of our Lord Jesus, and the charity of God, and the communication of the Holv Ghost be with you I all." Amen (II. Cor. XIII. 13). HDWAKD THOMAS, Bishop of Limerick.

The Theatre Royal. The performance of The Love of the Prin- cess by the Mills' repertoiry company at the Royal this week, should be marked in red letters on the diaries of all lovers of romantic stage work. I personally have seen The Love of the Princess." on at least previous pccasiogs, aud un one- vi i ..tr*- Uiat- Ivtr. t. Watson Mill played his greaft part of Prince Conrad; but strong as was my rememorance of the work; its reproduction has this week given me a new ap- preciation of its beauties, its grip; and its merits from all the points of view of stage work; as well as re-impressed me with the claim which has often been put forward for Mr. C. Wateoa Mill, as the best of our author-actors in melo- drama. The excellent impression which the com- pany made on me last week, and which from its. universal goodnes-s prevented me from making individual distinctions, was even more markedly evident this week, and prudence would again counsel the policy of letting the expression of my feelings stop there lest there should be any mis- interpretation but admiration for the masterly King Josef," which Mr. J. Templar Ellis gave us, after P, most meritorious production as Lot last week, farces me to record my deep apprecia- tion of his finished histrionic skill; and, having started, I would also remark upon the fine piece of work which P. O'Brian is doing as Boris," the servant of Conrad. I should like to have gone into more detail, and longer praise of the whole company, but space forbids. I am aware that I have not said anything about Miss Lilian Hall-Da vies, whose" Princess Idalia represents I have no hesitation in saying, Mr. Mills' ideal Princess, just as she represents mine and the audience's. She is an actress with varied gifts, and undoubted stage genius and culture. A prin- cess who speaks perfect English faultlessly is rare; one too often gets the cockney accent or the Northern elisions to mar the part. Miss Lilian Hall is born in every part she plays-the hall-mark of the perfect Thespian. The success of this week has decided Mr. Mills to play Home, Sweet Home," an ambitious play that requires delicacy of handling. After this week and last, however, I have no doubt as to the company's ability to produce it to per- fection, and I, in company with many others with whom I have spoken, am looking forward to next Monday with a. little chafing at the inter- vening time. I have a very important and gratifying announcement to make: Owing to the success of the Mills' stock company the Royal management are negotiating for an ex- tension of the visit to Merthyr; and if the houses continue to improve as they have done I have no doubt that the visit will be protracted. If I for one can do anything to keep the com- pany here it. is done. PLAYGOER.

Hardie Memorial Fund. Collected by Geo. Llewelyn, Merthyr: Mr. G. Llewellyn, 2s. 6d.; E. J. Llewellyn, 2s. 6d.; total, 5s. Collected by A. Quiningborough, Merthyr: Harry Morris, 7s. 6d.; Jason Thomas, Is.; W. A. Saunders, 2s.; A. Quiningborough, 5s.; Mrs. A. Quiningborough, 5s.; total, £ 1 Os. 6d. Collected by Mrs. J. Williams, Penrhoel, Mer- thyr: John Davies, 6d.; Mrs. Harris, 6d.; Mr. Harris, 6d.; Mr. E. G. Harris, 6d.; Mrs. R. Lee,. Is.; T. E. Jones, 2s. 6d.; J. G. Jones, Is.; John Williams, 2s. 6d.; Mrs. Williams, Is. 6d.; Bron- inglfa Williams, 6d.; Mary E. Williams, 6d.; George Greenie, 6d.; Herbert Oates, 3d.: Alex Harris, 3d.; R. Rogers, 3d.; Edward Harris. 3d.; R. Owen, 3d.; Fred Pedler, 3d.; John Richards, 3d.: Thomas Williams, 2s.; total, 15s. 9d. Collecter by John Barr:— J. Barr, 20s. H. H. Boots, 20s.; L. Pearson, 10s.; J. S. Lennie. 2s. 6d.; A. Luke, 2s. 6d.; John C. Macmektm. 2s. 6d., B.S.P.. 2s. 6d.; total -23.