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I MR. LAWRENCE CONTINUES.I
I MR. LAWRENCE CONTINUES. The Rev. Mr. Dockeray. Sir.—Ruskin's definition of religion shows that he was an apt critic who never hesitated to tell the truth. Beaconsfield once said that al- cohol was the chloroform given to the working class to render them unconscious to the econo- mic conditions. Religion and alcohol are the two principal expedients sanctioned and foster- ed by the State for the same express purpose- to render the masses unconscious. The one poieons the body; the other the mind. You, sir are actively engaged in dealing out to the masses this soporific mental potion in order to keep them from thinking of things that really matter; by preaching to them about things that are untrue, and in doing so you mislead them into believing that the untruths of reli- gion are of vital importance. As long as you and your colleagues can succeed in keeping the minds of the masses chloroformed by religious fervour so long will they remain ignorant of the possibility of social betterment; so long as they are taught to believe that the present social order is God-ordained —and that is what you teach them—so long will they remain with- out attempting an effort to improve it. You, Sir, have shown in your several letters to the press that you know so little, of the order of evolution of human society that you cannot conceive of a different and higher order. All you have to suggest is a palliative—a patch on the social ulcer i.e., a living wage. You state that in your last letter. Whatever you mean bv that I don't know. Will you say what is your standard of measurement? You place a money value upon the lives of the worker; some measure of comfort, you say, for the man who is prepared to pay the price in hard work. Am I to suppose that an educated man who exprresses himself in that manner in the 20th Century is capable of giving advice to the Edi- tor and the Labour movement? We Socialists are not advocates of a mere living wage. We are out in order to live; to live in the full sense of the term, if you can grasp it. We value men by the nobility of their minds. We are out for a new order; we are out to abolish the wage system; we can see mankind being born anew in a new society. We see a new world in process of develops ment; of the Socialist Societv you. sir, have no vision. You cannot be expected to; you can- not have given any study to the subject, or you would not write as you do. Yet you are apparently in earnest about something. You assert you are mindful of the workers' interest. You would do something for them; you remind me of the parasites of human society the upper classes—when they read of misery, pov- erty and wretchedness of the poor m e,rt.y daily papers. Thev have a sense of pity; they feel as if they ought to do something so they organise some society concerts, bazaars, for charitable purposes, where they create a mere pittance to mitigate human suffering when they are themselves the cause of human misery. Yes. they would do anything for the worker except get off his back! You, Sir, do not put forward any practical suggestion as an altern- ative? What right have you to criticise? You are a believer in the present social order with all its accompanying horrors—war, exploitation and legalised robbery of the worker. You say we are against the present order of society; therefore you admit it. Do you feel proud of it? Do you believe that God made mankind for the one half to rob and murder the other half? If you think so, then your God is only a replica of yourself. We do not attach the blame of this war to God or the Devil. We blame the present oder. Therefore, we want to change it. You say that we who hold these views are not fit members for this organised society. Now, Sir, I agree with you; we are not; but we are not living in a good organised society.. This is a wicked disorganised society, and we are out to re-organise it for the moral good of mankind. The economic basis of society is wrong, and I want to know where you stand. You believe in the present consti- tution of aociety and the present war. You do so because you have no conception of the changing process of human society; you do not foresee the possibility of any economic reconstruction of our social order; you say that Socialism is an abstract political theory. That one sentence. Sir, reveals to me your complete lack of knowledge of the subject you have set yourself out to advise. Let me show you how little you know about it. Do you think that the sanitary arrangements at your house, the refuse collecting system of the town, the water service laid on, the streets and pavements you walk upon, the educational system of this and other countries, the beneficial administration of such system as the postal system and the gas and electric lighting of the various towns in the United Kingdom are nothing more than an abstract political theory? You should know that these things have passed the theor- etical stage. They are now practical every-day facts, although I am compelled to admit they are not perfect; but the maladministration is due to the fact that the people who manage them hold opposing views like yourself. Their private interests clash with the public interest, They are advocates of the status quo; they ha-ve no real interest in the world except their own sordid little speck of it. Apart from their own petty graspings td make as much as they can out of their fellows, what sincere effort do they make to understand the condi- tions that make or unmake humanity? Talk to them about posterity and they reply. "The present is good enough for me," especially if it means clutching the leg of mutton at the top of the pole. They represent the capitalists' mind. You say we are out to fight capital to the hitter end. Again you are wrong. We have no quarrel with capital; we never had any. We are out to quarrel with the manner in which the capitalist misuses the capital which the workers produce. We want a better sys- tem of distribution. Within the last few years 125 clergymen died, leaving £ 6.229.000 an average of £ 349,000. Your Master is reputed to have had nowhere to lav His head, and would you care to practically follow His advice? To go into the cornfields of the rich and pluck the corn! You would n ot care to do it, be- cause you know it would be unlawful. If you were to do it in the name of religion, you would be considered by society to be insane; if you don't believe, then try the experiment.— Yours respectfully. I A W. LAWRENCE.
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j Navvy Pat's Views.
j Navvy Pat's Views. J I was making my way early to our weekly 1 ^Udezvous. accompanied by Josie, who was j horrying 'me about the number of fractions Pat had introduced into his last week's budget, and I our arrival we found Pa. leaning back in lt. corner with a broad smile on his face ^hich was as radiant as a harvest moon; evi- dently peace and goodwil towards men was his [^dominant emotion. Josie, to my great re- le, transferred his worrying to Pat, but the won Irlri 't, come off. Aisy" me boy I Aisy! take the biggest frac- j it?ns ye see an' reckon the nearest li whither above or below, an' ivry 1-41 is just 3d. in e fZ. So 130 13-48ths per cent will be 130 r cent an' 104 13-18ths will be 105 per cent; 1 ll-24ths will be 811 4 per cent; but ye eedn't bother about it at all, at all, because h' e most ye will git will be 531 per cent; the bigger figures can only cum whin ye sind en to the Ooncilliation Board that can handle Aggers. Here Sandy McPherson broke in with criti- c CrJllS of the delays in pensions and separation Wances. "Ah I yis, me boy; but ye ^stn't trubble the Guvvernment just now tbey must have their holidays, an' afore they 1"llck up, they had to be filmed, so that the i kopic- might laff an' while they are laffin they j 8t be growin' fat. an' while they're growin' | tbt they'd find it aisy to economise, an' while economisin7 more companies wid 7*40,000 capital will make U millions profit in "J year, an' the war profits tax will benefit. M them that's after the pensions, ye know, 1 t,e no more good for the trenches, so what's use ov the Government botherin' any :()re about an' wan ov 'em has had 10s. Ki week allowed him, out he's niver seen a ov it an' he grinds a piano organ in street to keep hisself an' his father an' .1 rather; an' wudn't it be a shame for him to ?%er the Guvernment whin he has such an thsy way out ov the difficulty P An' then ftel.s the O.O.'s. I am sorry there's any ov 1lJ., for I believe it's ivry man's duty to when fighting's needed; but they're tiie Guvernment is traitin' them ireful, an' keepin' quiet an' lettin' ern do it, because they haven't tshot or tiged any ov 'em yet; an' ye won't move till some ov 'em has to lay down their lives ;1' their principles. Bad luck to ye! ye're ti(}1"se than the Guvernment in makin' hard 1111'es f or the conscientious man. Ye've got the ^Vernment ve deserve, ye spalpeens! so put v wicl it widout grunting if wan quarter ov S tuck yor sticks an' cleared out 10 Downing tfSet to-morrow the trubble wud be over, for r 6 Guvernment has shown ve that they'd give it to anything rather than face industrial ^oble, an' ye haven't the pluck to take the l" Frank Hodges has answered Plebeian ? ? way-an' we must all look out for the -?? 'Pioneer' to see ?Plebeian' make him ?"?M. But isn't the Rev. Dockerav a dear ?Shtful antique P "A relic of bye-gone days" 4?l' t the old sexton? Whin I was just begin- ?' to notis a word or two in a sermon now then, his sort was flourishin' in full bloom, tf I soon put Father M?Grath at the head oÝ ov.6 lot ov 'em. because when I axed him t?tio?g o? any ov his discoorses he wud ? me to nivver bother ye'r head about that ? boy, take it all in an' count it settled, for ? teh" was to start explainin' to ye I might felli Ye that I was as much bothered as yer- that w-Lid let the cat out ov the bag.' i)? rest ov 'em wud explain ivrything; but ) ??Dswcrin' wan question they caused ye to ?. (, ?i more. '?'  5is article is summarised in the sentence, 'tt?.? disturb existing arrangements.' An' ?J" ?gs to my mind Mabon's appeal: Do fIt o- verload the ship; do not ask for too )))'?-' Just luk at the last two paragraphs ?is letter. He axes us to decide exactly wh at ? our demand an' thin he tells us that t 11-1: already defind it for us, an' it's that i<??it the chance to lead peaceful lives in  measure ov comfort, wid the chance ov M^Jy j'ttceinent to the man who pays for it by | ty Work an' ability. An' he wants us to | V(wJtleans to let our employers an' the public I that that's all we want; that we don't ? more; an' ?'H live contented &ny !!??? h ivver after. We know, but the rev. 4t, ?lilan doesn't, that as soon as we've got t.?,% contented state, on goes the screw; i 1 F068 our wages; a company wid R1401000 i makes a million an' a half by our %v,^°rk an' ability; an' we have to content ? ?t??s wid more peaceableness an' less com. ?—? we get so contented that there's room « a ^ther turn of the screw. lt%at was an unlucky remark of mine about wealth bein' all created by labour an' labour ownin' the lot. Last time he referred to it I was a man who looked only on wan side; this time, I write carelessly. I'm sorry I have'nt read Karl Marx; he cud put me right; but I'll have to do widout him. He might have helped me out ov the hole I'm in by tellin' me wan wealth producer besides labour; but he only shouts a warnin' for yez all not to belave me. Ye're to consider what yer employers wud think ov such a statement, an' if they be- laved ye wanted the lot—they'd take care ye got as little as possible. Now, Mr Dockeray. whin did they ivver give us more than as little as possible' ? Well, now for some Marxian ideas; an' may all the saints wave the mantle of Marx over me. for they're more in his line than mine. There's a famous pill; its exchange value 2/6 a box; it's a middlin' good pill, for wanst when my inside was out of order over a disap- pointment in love, I tried this pill an' a box an' a half put me right. I shud have towld ye that the actual value, accordin' to the price ov the druge they're made ov is tuppence far- thin'. I've got a pal, an' wanst whin I was tuk bad wid the same symptoms, he got a lot ov nettles an' boiled 'em an' made me eat 'em an' drink the water they were boiled in; an' wan day put me right; an' he keeps all his family right wid nettles, an' the exchange value, ov them pills wud 'be O/Od. He gathered herbs an' roots an' made an ointment for an eruption on wan ov the childer. and boiled more herbs for drinkin'; an' in a week the colleen's skin was clear. I had a chronic erup- tion, the plague ov my life for 20 years; an' our pit doctors dosed me wid tincture ov ar- senic an' ointments galore, an' I spent pounds upon pounds on patent remedies, an' cudn't shift it; but my pal put me on the nettle diet, mixed other herbs wid the nettle broth, an' gave me plenty ov the ointment; in a week I was improvin'; in five weeks I wais cured. 11 A ii-ieiid ov ours wid stone in the bladder had tried every cure an' every doctor he cud get hold ov, and for 12 months had been trying pills that were advertised to have removed a stone weighin' two ounces and a half, an' they gave a ov the stone entire, so it must have been true; but the pills didn't shift this stone. My pal took him in hand, an' in a cupple ov weeks the stone broke up an' began to come out like sand an' very small pebbles, an' our friend is now cured. The use value ov my pal's herbs is ten times or more that ov them pills, ointments an' remedies, but their exchange value never rises above a drink or two. The first pills mentioned pays £ 10,000 a year for advertise- ments, an' the other pills an' ointments pay thousands also, an' they make thousands a yea.r far their proprietors, an' herbs are grow- in' round our doors, in our gardens, in the country lanes ail' roadsides around us that aue five times as speedy an' twenty times as certain in their action than all the patent me- dicines goin'. An' working people are the best patrons ov patent physic; who creates the wealth of the patent quacks? A man buys a bit of land an' starts house buildin'; masons, carpenters, slaters, plumbers, plasterers, painters an' all the rest ov 'em builds him a street ov houses, an' they live peaceable lives in some degree of comfort while they are buildin' them. but they can't live in the houses they build; rents are too high. The houses let well, an' when the man dies his estate runs to six figgers, an' mighty big wans. Time passes. ,an' the fashionable quarters move further west, an' factories an' mills are started near, an' the houses are old an' weather worn an' empty, an' by cums a slum speculator an' offers a trifle for the lot, an' it's accepted and the street becomes a slum, an' he lets single rooms an' double rooms at near as much as the property fetched when new; an' he keeps the bums busy. an' women wor- kin' for a shilling a day have to do a bit ov prostitution to keep a roof over the heads ov their childer, an' whin the speculator dies his estate runs into six figgers too. Who created the wealth ov the street builder? Who created the wealth ov the slum' speculator Who cre- ated the wealth of the first tennants? Where will ye find a farth:n' value not created by labour? Who is the careless writer? Is it not the man who lays down the law on a subject he has never studied an' doesn't understand? It's not Navvy Pat. not by a long shot any- how.
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OUR PRINTING IS GOOD. OUR TERMS ARE MODERATE. OUR STAFF IS TRADES-UNIONIST, And we give a guaranteed undertaking to DELIVER IN TIME.
South Wales and Early I Closing.I
South Wales and Early I Closing. I VTSIT BY THE FINANCE CHAIRMAN AND THE SECRETARY OF THE EARLY CLOS- ING ASSOCIATION. London is full of Welsh drapers who, for years past, have taken an important part in the work of the Early Closing Association, and it was, therefore, inevitable that sooner or later a visit should be paid to the Principa- lity with a view to linking up important Welsh firms with their confreres in London in the Association's national push" for early closing. It may interest your readers if I briefly state the experience of Mr. John Bod- ger. J.P., Finance Chairman, and myself during our recent visit to South Wales. Newport. I This important town was our rendezvous; and Mr. T. Morris Davies (Davies, Wesley Buildings, Limited), a member of our Board, gave us valued assistance and promised a renewal of this firm's subscription. The following other firms in Newport were equally generous: Messrs. Evans & Allen. Limited (the London House); Reynolds & Company, Limited; E. G. Taylor and Sons; Baker & Manhire, Limited; T. Morgan and T. C. Morgan. At 5 o'clock I took the tram to Abertillery ) passing through scenery which at times equall- ed in beauty that to which I have been accus- tomed during my holiday tours in North Wales —although a sharp contrast is afforded by the colliery districts where man's despoiling hand has been at work. My visit to Abertillery re- sulted in Messrs. Morgan and Francis and Powell arnd Jones (The Bon Marohe) contribu- ting to our funds. Pontypridd, Aberdare and Merthyr Tydfil. T'he Finance Chairman and myself then visi- ted Pontypridd, Aberdare and Merthyr Tydfil- towns situated in the heart of the colliery district. The traders here cater for men who are at work in the mines all day and, like our own city men and working classes, have only the evenings in which to do their shopping. It is, therefore, of particular interest to note that in these towns, where the difficulties are similar to those experienced in London, shop- keepers have taken the bull bv the horns and secured closing orders for' 7.30 p.m. on three nights of the week. 9 p.m. on Fridays, and 10.30 p.m. on Saturdays. But mark! the traders have gone ahead of these Orders and close half an hour earlier than the law com- pels. This is another proof that voluntary arrangements are likely to keep ahead of any improvement secured by legislation. Our visit was the means of securing the help of the fol- lowing drapers who form, the nucleus of the trading community of these towns:—Messrs. Lewi s Lloyd, R. James, J. Phillips, Mayberry Williams (of Pontypridd); J. M. Evans, S. Jones & Co., Illtyd Williams and Prance Wil- liams (of Aberdare); and W. L. Evans & Co. (of Merthyr Tydfil). Cardiff. I (JardiJr, with its nne old castle has mucn to interest; but the large establishment of Messrs. David Morgan, Limited, was the first to claim our attention. Cardiff did not. however, come up to our expectations; as—in addition to this firm—Messrs. H. Collins & Marments, Ltd., were the only drapers willing to assist the Board in their important work of mobilising the whole country against late-closing. Swansea. hwansea drapers seemed particularly pleased to welcome us, and it was gratifying to meet here as elsewhere, numerous friends who had spent many years in London, and who looked back on old conditions as on a bad dream. They expressed their appreciation of what the As- sociation had done for them as assistants, and offered their congratulations on the wonderful strides the movement had made and is still making. The following Swansea firms readily gave their help to the cause of early- closing: — Messrs. Ben Evans & Co., Ltd.; Richd. Lewis; B. Tudor Davies; William Edwards; J. W. Evans; D. M. Lewis & Co.. L.jtd.; Thos. Lewis & Co.; E. Theophilus; and James Jones and L. B. Lewis & Co., of Morreston. Mr. David Ev- ans (of Llanelly) hais since linked up. General Result. I The impression everywhere made upon us du- ring our visit to South Wales was that the traders are strongly convinced that late- closing does not pay, and believe early closing is not only advantageous to assistants but beneficial to the health and happiness of em- ployers also. They have, moreover, realised that to get the best service from employees, as well as to attract young people to the trade, rational hours must at once be adopted throughout the country. The oonviction here, as elsewhere, is deeply rooted that nothing but compulsory closing will bring matters to a satisfactory conclusion, but the traders also recognise that the "mills" of Parliment grind slowly" if exceeding small," and that they must, without delay, take matters into their own hands. The forthcoming congress of the Early Closing Association-to which mem- bers will be invited—is likely to prove an im- portant event in the history of the movement, and traders throughout the country are looking forward to it with considerable interest. I (Signed) A. LARKING, Secretary. Early dosing Association, 3 Tudor Street, London, RO., August 24, 1916.
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! THE REV. DOCKERAY AND MR.…
THE REV. DOCKERAY AND MR. LAW- I RENCE. (To the Editor of the PIONEER.) I Dear Sir,—Mr Lawrence's letter is an ex- ample of the peril I pointed out to you, namely, that the teaching of the Pioneer" is grave- lv perverted, and runs to dangerous lengths in some of your readers. The letter also discloses the spirit which is ruining the movement which Mr Lawrence is anxious to promote. Through- out the letter there is a note of antagonism to the best and highest things. The distortion of "Pioneer" teaching in Mr Lawrence's letter is apparent. You have criticised the churches and organised religion; Mr Lawrence proceeds to assert that organised religion and indeed Christianity itself have never in the history of the world championed the cause of the masses. Such a statement, of course, implies a full knowledge of the history of the world. But Mr Lawrence goes a step further. He will have nothing to do with the Christian religion because it lacks the essential of worldly ambition. For this cogent reason, amongst others, he will oast off Christ and take up the attitude of Atheism. It may be argued in fa- vour of Mr Lawrence that he neither under- stands Christianity nor what is involved in its repudiation. This may be allowed, but mis- apprehension, while it partly shields from moral blame, does not deliver from peril. You, Sir, as Editor, and every serious writer in the "Pioneer" should ponder Mr Lawrence's letter and ask, Am I helping to produce men of this type? Mr Lawrence directs to me a long string of questions. Some are concerned with my work and my knowledge of social questions. But I am not interested to impress upon the readers of the Pioneer either what I do or what I know, except to say that I try to mind my own business, and it is not my business ac- tively to assist political organisations, however desirable those organisations mav be. Other questions relate to the value of or- ganised religion. They show a profound mis- apprehension of its purpose. The purpose of organised Christtinity centres in the Gospel, .and Christian Churches are in no sense bound to identify themselves with political movements. organised Christianity centres in the Gospel, to the masses, and if Mr Lawrence will conti- nue his historical reading, he will discover the fact. Let me re-a&sert my purpose in writing to the "Pioneer." It is simply to point out the perils of a bitter and bad-spirited propagan- da. I do not say that all who are engaged in the propaganda are bad-spirited. I say there is a danger of that spirit being roused. Such a spirit, results in evil in every way. What thinking men fear is, that the final result of these various evils will be Revolution and re- sulting ruin. It is this peril which I am con- cerned to point out; all else are side issues. None of your correspondents have taken up this question in their replies to me. The question I address to your readers is this: "Is there such a peril as I indicate, and, if so. what is to be done" —Yours sincerely. I W. DOCKERAY.
"A SAND PUNCHER" AND THE CONTROVERSY.
"A SAND PUNCHER" AND THE CON- TROVERSY. (To the Editor of the PIONEER.) Sir,—Mr Dockeray is kind enough to make an appeal "to the workers." I am not quite certain as to the qualifications necessary to be labelled "a worker" by our friend, but if get- ting up in what I call the middle of the night, regularly every week-day (and smch is the force of habit. I have gone half-ways to work occasionally on a Sunday, only to turn back and have a rest-day) for 27 years, and to occupy myself with the noble art of sand punching during the days, is sufficient, then I have that right; and I value it just as much as if I had been called a galley slave. I wonder if Mr Dockeray has had any ac- tual experience of the life that is lived by some of us ? I wonder if he has ever swung a pick-axe all day in the broiling sun, to dig up hard macadam to lay a new tramway so that the other citizens can ride in comfort. I wonder if he has ever worked in a coal mine or in a bessemer shop in a modern steel plant? I do not think it absolutely necessary that a man should go through these experiences be- fore understanding the workers' position; but his advice would be of far greater value if that had been the case. Of course, millions have gone through these experiences and have remained as dull as ever. Our friend says he has a message for us, and he begins by saying that he is not an anti- Socialist; he is. I presume, a friendly neutral —neutral as to the differences between So- cialist and anti-Socialist, and friendly to both sides eh ? I am sure he will not blame me if I read him in the wrong way; he should make things clear. Secondly, I am not opposed to the demo- cratic campaign. I believe the workers should receive a living wage and as much more as they can obtain." I have missed one word Mr Dockerav uses-" legitimately." Does our friend believe that Democracy means only a living wage or what can be obtained by "legitimate" methods? Our speakers and writers are rash; they misrepresent us; they do us an injury, they damage our cause with the 'country,' and what is far worse, they damage our cause with our employers." Mr Dockeray cannot think without "work- ers wages and owners." No wonder he is appalled at Mr Grant's statement that all wealth is produced by the worker, and all the lot belongs to them." He accuses Mr Grant of being a bit careless in his writing; and apparently, objects to the last part of the statement only-saying nothing about the first. I quite agree with Mr Dockeray; it is careless writing. All the wealth does not belong to the workerthe idler pinches most of it. Would Mr Dockeray tell us that the workers of Dowlais used to receive a larger share of the wealth produced in those good old days prior to the establishment of say, the I.L.P. in that district ? Further, without wasting time ever his ref- erence to that wicked spirit which unfits a man for organised society, although I can't help wondering what he means by organised society," we will accept his advice and state what is our social demand, which is simply- that all wealth is produced by the worker, and none of it should belong to the idler.— Tours etc. D. ROGERS.
Three Men Burned.
Three Men Burned. SERIOUS WORKS ACCIDENT AT DOWLAIS Three men employed at the Bessemer Steel Department of the Dowlais Works, belonging to Messrs. Guest, Keen and Nettlefolds (Limfted) at Dowlais, were accidentally burned last Thurs- day night through coming in contact with one of the. furnaces. Their names are: John Owen Jeremiah Coughlin. and William Callaghan. Owen, an elderly man. who resides at Eliza- beth Street, Dowlais, was so badly burnt about the arms and right hand that he was removed to the Merthyr General Hospital. The other two men were taken home, their burns not being of so serious a nature. It is stated that the cause of the aocident was the overflowing of some molten metal wki-ch was being poured into the mould.