The Welsh Coast Pioneer and Review for North Cambria

PERSONAL. Lord and Lady Knollys arc staying at the Grand Hotel, Llandudno. <$> — Lord Kenycn paid a visit to the Rev. T. M. and tho lion. Mrs Bulkoley-Owen at Tedsmoje during uhc Eastertide holidays. <•> — Colonel ,and Mrs Cornwallis West, who are on a visit to Prince and Princess on the Riviera, a-re expected at Ruthin Castlo about the middle of April. Violet Countess Cowlay, whose death is an- nounced, was the youngest daughter of the first Marquees of Abergavenny. She married Earl Gowiey in 1889; and in 1898 married Mr Robert Edward Myddelton-Biddulph, eldest son of Mr Myddeiton, of Ohirk Castle. -4&- The death took place at Plas Gwilym, Wrexham, on Good Friday, of Mrs W. J. Sisscn, widow of the late Mr W. J. Sisson, a well-known resident of the town. Mrs Sisson, who was in her 76th year, was the mother (Ji Councillor Frank Sisson. One of her daughters married Mr LI. IIug.h-Jc.nes, tllC Official Re- ociver for Chester and North Wales, and an- other married the Rev. Lewis Pryce, warden of Ruth:n, and a son cf Dean Pryce, St. Asaph.

THE LATE MR OWLY OWEN. Mr Owen Owen, founder of the great busi- ness of general drapers in London-road Liver- pool, died at bis residence in London on Sun- day, at the age of 64. Third eon cf a farmer, resident at Bwich, Machynlleth, Mr Owen was apprenticed to an uncle at Bath, and after a short experience in London, began, in his early twenties, the Liverpool business} with which his name is so intimately associ- ated. In 1899 th,3 business was fic-atod as a limited liability company; it has always been successful, and for the last four years has paid a dividend of 16 per cent. Mr Owen had a residence at Tanyfoel, Pewmaenmawr, and an estate which embraced his birthplace at Bwlch and Cwmrhai-adr, Machynlleth. Mr Owen, who was a Unitarian, was a justice of the peace for Carnarvonshire, and was presi- dent of the PonmatqunaNNr Golf Club. He employed over 1000 hands, and when any of the staff were run down in health and in need of recuperation, his fine residence at Pen- maenmawr was placed at their disposal, and in this way many an employee has benefitted in health from a holiday at the picturesquely situated mansion amongst the bracing Welsh kills. The funeral took place in London yesterday, and a memorial service waa held in the Church of St. Mary Magdalene, Liverpool.

NORTH WALES CONSER- VATIVES. FORTHCOMING DEMONSTRATION AT EATON HALL. The Duke of Wcswiinster has kindly invited the North Wales Division of tihe National Union to hold thesr annual Counttl meeting and con- ference at Eaton HaJJ. Chester, 0)1 April 23rd. After the conference the Right Hon. W. Long, M.P., wiii, at 2.15 p.m., address the meeting, which wiiLi be composed of delegates from all the constituencies in the North Wales division. Mr Huj-ih Vincent, the Conservative candi- date for the Carnarvon Boroughs, will move one of the reeohitione. The date, wo understand, has been fixed in order to suit tine oon-vetucnice of Mr Walter Long and the Duke of Westminster. It is hoped that the presence of Mil" alter Long at this annual meeting will attract attention to the proceedings, and give to tihem a more t!han ordinary import- ance. There are many interesting questions coming up forr tfecus&ion before tihe North Wales Division, and one of tihese questions will no doubt be that of organisation.

THE CHANCELLOR AT MADAME TUSSAUD'S. Mr Lloyd George baa at last attained the high- est degree of eminence as the following announcer ment in a London paper will stow;- Mdrme Tussamd's—New portrait models of oefobritie* uaaimdmg Mr Lloyd Goorp.

TERRIBLE MOUNTAIN FATALITIES. BURTON GENTLEMAN FALLS 250 FEET. BROKEN ROPE TRAGEDY. TREASURY OFFICIAL KILLED. Two shocking "climbing" fatalities have marred the enjoyment of the holidays in Snowdonia. On Good Friday Mr Robertson, a Treasury official and an expert mountain climber, fen down the face of the rock at Glyder Fach, near Lake OgwIl, a distance of thirty feet, alighting on his head. He was conveyed to the Bangor Infirmary, where he died the following morning without ro gaining consciousness. Three days afterwiards the same district was convulsed by the news of a similar fatality, the circumstances, if possible, being more sensational than those attending the first one. In this case a Mr Salt, member of the well-known Burton brewery firm, fell down the Lliwedd precipice, a distance of over 200 feet. The unfortunate gentleman was roped to a party of four, including a lady, but the rope miraculousily broke, otherwise the entire party would have been dragged over and killed. The inquest was held at Capel Curig yesterday afternoon. On Easter Monday the remains of Mr Robertson were interred in the pretty God's acre of Glanogwen Church in full view of the mountains he loved so well. On Saturday evening Mr D. Griffith Davie-q, Deputy Coroner for North Carnarvonshire, heM an inquest at the OarnwrvonslmTe and Anglesey Infirmary, Bangor, concerning the death of Mr Charles Donaldl Robertson, of Chelsea Court. (Jhcfeoa Embankment, London, which occurred at 12.30 on Friday right, as tho result of a fall on tiie Glyder Fach, near Lake Ogwen, above Bethesda. Mr Bayne was appointed foreman of the jury. The first witness, Mr Geo. Bar tram, a. friend of the deceased, stated that he witnessed the ac- cident, though he was not on the same ropo as the deceased, whose acquaintance he made four or five years ago. The party of five waJked together to the foot of the East GuDy of G lyder Fach. "Wo roped up in two parties, Mr Robertson aind his two fritalkin doUÙ my party, aim we -were standing together at the bottom of the "pitch," when Mr R-obertson suggested that be should start, as he wa^t in rather a hurry. He did not go the correct way, as we subsequently found out. The Deputy Coroner: Had you been there before?—No; none of us. And you did not think it worth your while to obralD a gmde- It was not noocesary. We noticed that Mr Ro- bertson was on the left hand side, and we suggested that he should go on the right hand guJe. but he expressed his desire to oee the route, and he moved up. When we tirst noticed him ho was six feet above ground. and we watched him. Wo suggested more than once that ho should either return or traverse into the crack on the right. He expressed a desire to examine it further, and he went up slowly. He was a climber of considerable experience, and was a magni- ficent physical specimen. He fell face in, from 12 feet, and then his feet struck some projection in the rock, causing him to turn a complete somersault, and he came head down- wards. It never occurred to us before tho deceased fell that he was in any particular danger. The Coroner: Had you an axe?—It was not necessary. Had he been to this district before?—I cannot say for certain. My iimpression is that he struck his head on the base of tho rook where it joined tho snow at tho base cf the gully. Ho mutt have 'hit rock somehow, with tho result that he shot down the slope tiU the second on the rope hauled in the slack- Deceased was then eight or ten feet from where his friends were standing. He was not absolutely kill.e.d I by the fall, but undoubtedly the fall was tho cause of hds death. Mr Leslie G. Shadbolt said he saw deceased fall. He seemed to 00 trying to pull himself up to a ledge with his hands, and the hand-hold appeared to give wa.y. No large piece, of rook carno down after deceased. Deceased was quite unconiscioua when they went to him. Witness went, ior medoal assistance to Bethesda, and failing there went on to Bangor, wnero ho found Dr. Grey Edwards, and they were back in at- tendance en the injured man 24 [ hcurs after wit- ness started. Deceased was a member of the Alpine Club. Dr, Lindsay Locke, house s-,i,rgc,,on, -sa;d de- ceased was taken to the infirmary about 6 p.m- on Friday. He was suffering from concussion, which was the cause of 11:03 death. The Corcncr, in summing up, said he hoped tho accident would be a serious lesson to climoers generally, who were not careful enough. He could not account for iucih oarele-sness- They had a similar accident near the same place two years ago. In fact accidents oi that sort seemed to occur in that district about this time every year, though there was no reason why there should be any if climbers were mare careful. He had not had much experience of mountain climbing himself, but lie knew a little of its excitement, and really scmothirg should be done to prevent accidents of this kind, vhich cast_ a gloom over 1IDO w hole country, and brought grief to families a,, time of enjoyment. Beihcsda was one of the beet districts iii. England or Wales in which to enjoy mountaineering, Dut there was no need to go to dangerous places. The jury returned a verdict of "Accidental "death," and scouted as impracticable a sugges- tion that danger boards should be put up, which, it was said, would servo to stimulate adventure, They passed a vote of sympathy with the family of tho deceased. At the Infirmary, Mr Robertson was attended by Dr. Riohard Jones. EXPLANATION BY AN EXPERT. I A cor respondent writes: Tlie Eastern Gully on the north face of Glyder Fach, above Llyn Bochihyyd. ranks high tho difficult oh nibs of NorLh \Vclœ. It contains five "patdhes," or separate passa.ges of actual cHimbing-, the upper four bejig fairly easy, but tho lowest, in which, apparently, Mr Robertson was hurt, very diffi- cult. Ilhis pitclli ia about loo feet high, and is in three sections, the nr,;ddle> one being a narrow chimney 60 feet'high, followed by a short but extremely hard cilimb outward and up. to sur- mount a number of chocksiones jammed in the gully. The expedition, though severe, would be felt by oornretent judges, to be a normal and legitimate ono for the unusually strong party of which Mr Ilobertxm was a member, and his death will 00 regardtad by climbera generally as a pure accident, involving no blame to him or to his compaaiions. Til no difference between the "right" and "wrong" routes up the pitc-h is merely that between a rather more and a rather less experimental alternative, the adoption of neither cl them amoiuntang necessarily to a failure in skilll or care. The ob.-ervafcens of the Corcncr betray a certain amount of mkappaie- hesiiion. No professional guide capable, of being' of assistance in the ascent of the Eastern Gully exists in North Wale- the standard of skill among good1 amateur rock-dlimbeirs beipg much higher than any that the country people of Wales or Cumberland now attain.

MR ROBERTSON'S FAMILY. Mr Robertson, who was 32 years of igieb was the son of the late Mr Charles B. Robert- son, of His Majesty's Foreign Office, and of Mrs Robertson, of Chelsea-court. He was a younger brother of Mr Arnold Robertson, of the British Embassy, Madrid. He had been a Newcastle Scholar at Eton. He was a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, a clerk in His Majesty's Treasury, and had recently been acting as secretary to the Royal Commission on Proportional Representation. He was a fine athlete, a member of the Alpine and Leander Clubs, and a mountaineer of skill and experience. His singular charm of man- ner endeared him to countless friends, and his exceptional gifts gave promise of a career of brilliant achievement.

THE FUNERAL AT BETHESDA. AN IMPRESSIVE SCENE. The remains of Mr Robertson wctre interred at "flhe new Ooefcmor Churchyard at Betheoda on Tuesday. The bodl was conveyed from the Cw, narvonshire and Anglesey Infirmary to Glan- ogwen Church on Monday night, the hearse bee ing covered ivi-tai wreaths composed of daffodils sent by sympathiser^, and overnight it lay in tho churoh. The funeral was of a strictly private dharao- ter. but the residents of Betbesda, moved by the tragjo character of the obsequies, showed a sympathetic interest, and tSio route bo the cenic- tory was thickly lined with crowds who paid their silent tribute of sympathy, and most of the houses had their bEnda drawn- The church, with its Easter decorations and white altar cloth, with the coffin in t'he centre of the chanoeh covered with a beautiful white pall, a lovely oroc-3 of daffodils resting on it, presented a pic- ture full of joy and hope to the farirSy and friends of tOio deceased1. The service was oon, ducted by the Vicar of Glanogwen (tho Rcy, R. T. Jones) and the Rev. R. R. Hughes, and tho surpliocd choir of tihe church sang with gTea.t feeling and expression the old Welsh hymn "0 Fryniau Caersalem," and the anthem "1 heard a Voirx- from Heaven, saying- unto me, Write from henceforth. Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord." At the close of the service in the church, a procession was formed in the following order from the Lych gate:—The clergy, the choir, the body with. personal friends of the deceased ivalk- ing on each side of the bier; a carriage con- j taming Mrs Robertscn (mother), the Misses | Robertson (sisters}, and Mr Arnold flobcrt.ien (brother), of the Britii £ ii Embassy, Madrid. The coffin was becrne to its last res tang- place on an open lurry drawn by two horses. The service at Codmor Ch'Uirchyand, about a mile from tihe I town, was taken by tihe Vicar, and the choir rendered at the oloso the well-known Welsh hymn Bydtl myrdd o ryfeddodau." The body was laid to re-rt in a grave situate in tihe south-east corner of the churchyard fac- ing tho giant Sriawdonian peaks, and need it be said that a more appropriate setting could not have been chosen for the last resting place of one who loved thoee rugged heights amid which he had spent most of his leisure. The following- personal friends of the deceased were present at the funeral:—Mr Winthrop Young (Board of Education), Mr Hilton Young, Mr Baddaley (Admiralty), Mr Brskine Chiiders. Caipt. FaJT-ar (D.S-O.), Ma- Page Dickinson, Mr Bcpesiford Hoywood, Mr E. Evans and Mr Donn- There were aJso present a lairgo number of the members of various clim-hing clubs, who are spending- their Easter holidays at Ogwen Lake arucli Penyg-wTyd. Amongst the wreaths was one betuitiful token from tJhe ooEca,tues of the de- ceased in the Treasury. MEMORIAL SERVICE AT WESTMINSTER. A memorial service to the late Mr Charles Donald Robertson was helLd at St. Margaret's, Westminster, yesterday naoriiing. Cadlün Duokworth officiated. Among those present, in addition to a large number of friends exf the deceased and Treasury and other Government officials, were Mr Clarke (representing- Mr Lloyd George), Mr Meiklejohn (secretary to the Prime Minister), Mr E. S. Momtagm (Parliamentary wkTotaxy to the Prime Minister), Lord Monkswell, Sir George Murray (Permanent Secretary to the Treasury), TTady Young and Mr Hamilton Young, Mr G ulland, M.P., Sir E. Davidson (legal adviser to the Foreign Office), Sir Robert Chalmers. Sir Court- nuy Ilbert, Sir Henry Craik, M.P., Mr G. 11. Humphreys (secretary of the Proportional Re- presentation Societv) and Mr E. Beerli, Alpine Club.

The Rev. Hugh Jonep, M.A., wbo has been curate at Carnarvon for the past three and a half years, will leave this country an Friday to takt- up an kp^oin:- ment as Government ohapkuu in

MUSICAL NOTES, By Peter Edwards, Mus. Bac. (I-edy A laiv) GLAN CONWAY COMPETITIONS. Last week's musical and htarary event drew a large crowd to the CM. Chapes of Mcriah, and dt waj a groat surprise to me to find such a number of competitors there. Surety, ncuimg but jove of music could have drawn both sing- e.t,s and listeners to that lenKay mountain height in cold weather! One f.e.e.:6 disappomied "L timej a.t uiie lack of real progress in Welsh mu.>ic; on tlie other hand, such an event as that now reterred to proves that love of music is as strong aj ever in the hearts of our people. bpeaiking generally of the song3 sung in the open competition, there is no apparent advance •in tASte; many of tneso songs contain phrases which are quito commonp«ace-—things wh.eh evidently were not born of deep soul-con temp.a- tilil--an,d yet t'hey a.re popular. But Time, the great leveller, will consign them to their proper piaoe; and the instinct of our young singers, under proper guidance, vvui became H: and less a dominating force in their musical life, whilst knowledge and good taste will be supieme. That period will have arrived when \Vesongs xvil sell apart from the question of simplicity or popularity, or both. Some of the singers—eypociahy the baritones— in the presen^, competition committed two mistakes: (1) tii,i, lower jaw was worked too much, and (2) consequently there was a pressure against the larynx in producing the lower notes tinat made the throat hard and stiff. You cannot produce a good', free tone without free working of the apparatus which produces it. Besides, by making a deep cavity dn the lower jjait, of the mouth the quality of the tone is affected. What is required is a free. resonaut tone, and young singers must acquire tlie method of producing it. Then their fLllg- ing will be pleasanter to listen to, and Nature will be satisfied! • • In the duet competition there were three parties. No. 1. "Bob and Friend:" They sang "Ar- wyr Cymriu fydd." Very agreeable voices, but the tenor's intonation in first portion waa i.ot quite satisfae-tory. His tone was cloudy, too, in the lowor notes. The baritone's voice was rich. The pace in the first portion was too slow, and that helped to make the rendering too tame for a patriotic piece. The tenor was too weak for the other voice. No. 2. "Friends:" They sang "Gwys i'r Gad." Here again the baritone wim the better voice of the two. Mfhe tenor's intonation was doubtful in the early part of the duet. Although the bass solo was a trifle slow, it was well sung, and the duet displayed a good deal of the right feeling. No. 3. "Dau am DTeio:" Duet, "Gwys i'r Gad." Two good voices, well matched. There was here sufficient power in combination to show forth tihe piece. Although in the solo part the baritone was not in perfect tune on one or two notes, his rendering was ready good. The dluct combinied well, and was generally very satisfactory. No. 3 took the prize, names Mr David Robert", Bettws, and Mr David Davies, Dawn, Coed Coch. In the song "Croes ein Ceidww" only two of the singers did any measure of justice to it. No. 2 Tenor has a nice, sympathetic voice, BO that sacred songs suit him. At "Ei ddirfawr gariad"—where there shouild be a telling effect —he was somewhat tame. This was The only weak part in an otherwise good performance. No. 3. This singer a baritone was singing too loudly in tho first part of the song, which demands much tender treatment, aa also at the words "O'i ben, etc." At "fu drain mown coron, etc. there were wrong notes. His excellent voice was effectively used at the climax—the last movement. The prize was awarded to No. 2, Mr R. Twrog Williams, Egiwysbach. In the competition "any solo" the following apprured:- No. 1, loan, "Telynau'r Saint:" Tenor v0200; lower llctC8 cloudy. Words not always distinct. General rendering good. No. 2, Moelwyn, Good voice. The first portions too tame for a patriotic song 1-ie this. Last portion good, especially the ending, which, was most effective. No. 3, Ffiaid, "Borcu'r trydydd dydd:" Rocit not in good style; and a want of finish was noticeable in the solo part. Reading not quite faultless. General effect only fairly satis- factory. No. 4, Alice, "Dream of Paradse: This song demands a voice of much flexibility, and this singer had wisely chosen what suited her well. This lady gave a. rnist pleading render- ing. She can, however, still improve her per- formance by rounding off certain pnrascs. The "Ah"—three long tcs-was somewhat colour- less; and "from my exile" (page 9) should be more accentuated. Apart from this it was a very satisfactory performance of the song. No 5, Iorwerth, "Arglwydd arwain, etc.: The first portion is an appeql, a prayer, but not so the rendering. Had the singer ured his good voice to give the right, devotional tone to the first two verses he would have pleased me much better. No. 6, Gwilvm, "Y tair mcrdaithPhrasing not faultle&s, likewise the expression, e.g., at "I mi vn fy ofn a'm braw," sang too loudly. Although lie has a good baritone voice, and m many instances there was n:co expression, the interpretation lacked a climax, so that the general effect was somewhat disappointing. I admired the clearness of his words. Tho prize was awarded to No. 4, "Alice," nameiv, Miss Alice A. Willi-ams, Conway. LLANNEFYDD WIIIT-MONDAY EISTEDDFOD. The liist of subjects of this TTisteddfod is before me. In the chief choral competition the chorus is "The Heavens am beiEing"-iiicn<)y prize, twelve guineas and' a snver cup value throe, gruineas. The male ahorus is Cydgan y Bugeilhud;" prize, ten pounds and a silver cup value two pounds. Children's dhcirus, "In tJle Snow," pr1oo. five pounds and a silver medal to the conductor of winning dhoir. Tltcrc arc several other subjects which I need not mention hero. line list- of 4ilbjomc, is to be had. of M*

William Long, Llannefydd. Trerhant. THE MADRIGAL AND GLEE 'Continued). It is probabte that the earlest piece of vocal music d by the English people is sum- mer is a-coeiiang in," v.hioh datcci from the early part of the tiliirteenth oenUua-y. It consists of six parts or voices- The four upper ones imi- tate ono another witliin a certain distance throughout the piece, which of course proves in- genuity in the cont-Uuction. Let the young com- poser try to write a pieoe of music go put to- gether and he will reahse wiliat a tremendous task he has undertaken. Another tiring is noticeable in this ingenious piece- The fifth and hixih voices imitate ono another, quite in- dependently otf the. other four, and yet a charm- ing of mus-io is evolved. Now let the reader note that imitation in the parts is not the chief dharacterisrio of tho Madrigal, there- fore, "Summer is adeeming in" cannot be called by th-at iiarne nor can it be asserted tihat the Engiiivh madriigial sprang from it; but it is pos- sible tthat melodic importance in each part— whiicih A so essential to tlie madrigal—may owe something to this piece. On the other hand, judging from the early development of abroad, it would appear thai wo are indebted to Continental musicians for the madrigal, namely to Josqinn cites Pres. Orkindus, Lass-us. Adnen Willaert, and iiheir pupils. '1 hey, at any rate, gave it its true form. In Italy also it became very popular, and from thence it found its way iirto Eng'land. The first madrigals published in England were "arranged" from the Italian by William Byrd, in the year 1583. This composer is said to have been bom between the years 1538 and 1544, so that he was in his prime when he first introduced the madrigal to h.8 fellow-countrymen. He waa one of tlhe children of the Chapel Royal. After- wardts he became a member of the Choir of St. Paul s Cathedral, from whence he went to Lin- coln as organist. He was a favourite pupil of Thomas Pallis. William Byrd's reasons for recommending people to learn music are quaintly set forth, naraly: 1. It is a knowledige easily tafught. and quickly learnt, where there is a good master and an apt scholar- 2. The exercise of singing is delightful to Nature and good to preserve the health of man. 3. It doth strengthen aJI parts of tlie breast, and doth cpoeou the pices. 4. It is a singular good remedy for a stutter- ing and stammering in the speech. 5. It is tine be&t means to procure a perfect pmnr.w6.ation, and to make a. good orator. 6. It is the only way to know where Nature hatni bestowed a good v-co; which gift Is so ra-re as there is not one among a thousand that hath it; and to many that excellent gift is lost, because they want art to express nature. 7. There is not any music of instruments whatsoever comparable to at which is made of the voice of men where the voices are good and the same well 60-rted and ordered. 8. The berttor the voice is. the meeter it is to honour and serve God therewith, and the voice of man is chiefly to be employed to that end. (To be continued-)

WHO RULES ? (By LADY COOK.) "A wife! ah, gentle deities, can lie That has a wife e'er feel adversity? Woiuld men but lolioWwhat the &ex advise All tilings would prosper, all the world grolf w. J-ariuary and May." Nothing is more remarkable for its per* eistency than a popular delusion. Born oi error and bred by ignorance, it sneaks intG life unnoticed and takes centuries in the kill- ing. One rarely knows its parentage or date of birth, yet the foundling refuses to die. It resembles those animals of which tell us that, if chopped into mincemeat, each particle starts afresh and becomes a ceW creature. When we think we slay we make very much alive, as we try to destroy we re- create. Truth is fragile, shortlived, un- obtrusive, easily obscured, cold, naked, un- palatable; but a lie is tough, perennial, hold, inextinguishable, tcrvent, well vestured, and sweet to the taste. Suppress it here it will rise there. Its elasticity preserves it under all circumstances. Its vitality scoffs at tdine and death. But oi all forms of falsehood commend us to popular delusions. Mr H. Smith and his friends may dine thirteen together twice week, may rcihearse and practise aay num- ber of farcical efforts to exorcise, these, and will only be laughed at for their pains. Or they may, perchance, scotch a weak delusion now and then, but they will never annihilate it. Nevertheless, though we fail in the en- deavour, there is one we would attack. It has come down to us through the ages from the mists of antiquity, venerated and univer- sally believed. Witkh sava-ge and civilised, orthodox and heterodox, wise and simple, it is a world-wide creed in regard to the sexeS that it is the man who rules. Woma-li 's the inferior, the subordinate, the one to obey. Man is her lord and master, to whose behests she must submit. We should be sony to produce rebellion in any well-regulated home, OT to stir the meekest of wives to revolt, but from a habit of looking popular frauds in the face and challenging them to a searching in- spection, we ask, Who Rules? Who sways the rod of empire m the Court, the Camp, the Home, and Society? Man or Woman? Now, we cheerfully admit that man is a very noble animal. He is sagacious, mus- cular. generous, ambitious, courageous, and, when spurred, is capable of great effort. But he is deficient in sensibility, in tact, pene- tration, and patience, and is idle by nature. He dissembles badly. He does not knoW how to wait. He regards the surface of things chiefly. He is guided by appetite, passion, self-interest, although an excellent reasoner. But long ages of more or less dis- guised slavery have sharpened women's wits. She is subtle, quick, observant, a good dis- sembler, patient, profoundly penetrative. She scents a motive as readily as a dog scents a hare. She is sensitive to every mood and tense of thought and feeling in others. She is a born diplomatist. Her failings are those of a subordinate class jealousy and vin- dictiveness. But she has abundantly learnt the two great lessons which qualify for heroism and command to endure and to obey. There is no self-sacrifice of which she is not capable when urged by love, no torture too powerful, no patience too great for her passive and indomitable resistance. And when beauty is added to ability and deter- mination, she is perfectly irresistible. Tlius men by their own selfishness in the past have unwittingly fashioned a creature to rule over them. In subjecting woman thejf taught her how to subject themselves, but hv subtler and more delicate methods. By ion, processes of selection for their o gratification they have rendered her SQft. graceful, and of winning charms of for-A and manner. The greater their percept JI1 and power of appreciation, the greater is her dominion over them. The noblest and most r heroic amongst them are those who have been mast notably subdued. Who is there in the records of history and mythology who ever achieved distinction and was not conquered by her ? Samson, David and Solomon, Hercules and Achilles, Caesar and Antony, Alexander and Pericles, Napoleon and Nelson, and num- berless other heroes and statesmen, with all the host of painters and poets and men of mind. Even the gods humbled themselves before her. If these tiling's were done in the green '*ay» of womanhood, what shall be done when she will have attained her fullness of power, 111 the flush and summer glory of her intellectual develop?nout? We are but at the kegfinrnng of a new era in her history, the era of her mental and social emancipation. It is not long since she w as denied a liberal educa- tion, when learning was opprobious and "science" with-held. The ignorance of thousands of women of good position almost equalled that of their sisters in Eastern harems, where they are still studiously de- barred from all sources of mental improve- ment. Women made puddings while their husbands made politics, and were not ex- pected to lift their eyes beyond household cares and duties. When they read and wrote by stealtli, they fearro to display their greater knowledge, for few men could tolerate this sort of superiority in a wife. But now our gii's walk jubilantly through the whole curriculum of studies. The strongest for- tresses of knowledge, deemed almost im- pregnable to men, fall before them. They have become graduates of Tjniversities. Doctors of Music and Medicine, Professors of Natural Science, aud even First Wranglers. In art and literature they have achieved noteworthy distinction and every day wit- nesses a-n "inc;aging number in the ranks of the intellectual. Peeresses rush into print, and society leaders sigh for the la,ul-el wreath. Within another decade the educational supre- macy of men will be lost, if it is not already so, for it is admitted by competent judges that our girls are more conscientious students and better workers than our boys. The pros- pect is most encouraging to our sex and race. Improved mothers will produce improved daughter, and every generation see all accelerated advancement. Many of tlu* men have still the hardihood or stupidity to deny that woman really rules. But this is bccause all sagacious women handle the reins so lightly that the husbands never know they hold them at all. They re- semble Queen Caroline, who ruled England and George the Second for ten years without the King being aware of it. In obstinate cases, however, the wife must let her hand be felt. And never yet was there a marital moubh .=*> hard, but what some kind of bit could be found to subdue it. It will be wise, therefore, of the men to capitulate at once, and no longer insist upon male superiority and male privileges.. Their rule is nearly over. And if. in the &ee-saw of human events, they should in the future be placed in a su Inordinate position, we must accord them more geuerous treatment than they have given us. We must not retaliate. On the contrary, we should resist all attempts to de- grade them, and let equality be our motto then as now. Any other policy might apt on them as theirs has affected us, and so reduce us again to subjection.

sueCESSFuL GRAMOPHONE COMPETITION. RHYL GENTLEMAN WINS &SO. The result of tlie gramophone competition, in wSvieh the s;ira of £ 425 was offered by the G raolllo. pLone Company for the best list of twelve (of which records had not yet been taken) in. cluding wn;, oporatk- pi", instrumentaJ pieoets, etc., has just been published in the oul- rent is^ue of tlie Gramophone News, and we find that the second prize o! JE50 has been won by Mr G. Trevor Trehoarne. 20. Heechwood Road, Rhyl, fiori of Mr David Trohearne, who is well- known at Rhyl and IJandudno. The dealer was Mr Obeetham, Queen-strew. Rhyl, who, accord' ittg to the arrangements govern.ong the oompeWo tion. vviill akyo be awarded a prize. Lucky dealer. We congratulate the Gramophone Com pa nj upon their enterprise. wh-oh will certainly y i«ld that large measure of success which 'it degerval- y- — .> 1 Kome time to record t," t various ppvv-c m,r" < a-bsrnoe of vario^J Iartstes. uut tihe j.o*•*■ wiii be recorded and t js u-urmg the y-ear aa a monthly 0Q £ I*t.

u tbt Welsh Coast Pioneer." LARGEST CIRCULATION ON THE COAST. THE SALE OF THE Welsh Coast Pioneer Amounts to an average which, if tested, wili show an w an Excess of Several Thousand Copies Weekly over any other Penny Paper. Branch Officcs LLANDUDNO MOSIYN STREET LLANKWST WAlLIING STREET RMYL KINMEL STREET ABERGELE CAX ION HOUSE LONCON REPRESENTATIVE: MR J, E. TRIGG 47, FLEET STREET.

THE PROGRESS OF TARIFF REFORM. The annual report of the Tariff Reform League for 1900 furnishes abundant evidence 01 the remarkable progress made by the movement. It refers with satisfaction to the fact that while at the beginning of the last Parliament the majority in the House of Commons for "Free Trade" was 37G, at the beginning of the 1910 Parliament it was I 31. Moreover, it is well-known that there would be no majority at all for "Free Trade in the present House of Commons if the voting were strictly on the merits of the question. The important announcement is made in the report that, while retaining its independent position, the League has tound it possible to make arrangements with the Central Conservative Office and the National Union of Conservative Associations, whereby overlapping on purely tariff questions is avoided. During the General Election a joint scheme was arranged between these two bodies, the Liberal Unionist Council and tho League, for the production and distribution if posters. Taking only the figures dealing with the work done by the Central Office of the League in London, we find from the report that 7763 meetings were held between January 1st, lu09, and January 31st, 1910. During the same period 51 million leaflet-s and two million pamphlets were distributed, and 2:34,861 posters sent out. In add-on, over 16,000 copies of "Monthly Notes on Tariff Reform" have been despatched every month, in addition to a large but indefinable number sent out in the ordinary course of cor- respondence, and over 1000 copies of "Notes for Speakers" every week. Some 57,000 copies of the "Tariff Reformers' Pocket Book And Diary for 1910" have been called for, and over 10,000 stereo blocks of cartoons have been sent out to newspapers. One of the most effective branches of the work of the League has been the fitting up of 161 "dump- ing shops," motor 'buses, and caravans as object-lessons in the evils of foreign competi- tion. The General Election put a' severe strain upon the headquarters' faff, some idea of which may be formed from the fact that, during December and January, over 14,000 parcels were despatched by rail, while over 24,000 letters, telegrams, and packages were sent through the Post Office. The above figures do not include any record of the im- portant work done by the large Federations connected with the League, by the Women's Unionist and Tariff Reform Association, and by the Trade Unionist Tariff Reform Associa- tion, which have organised meetings and dis- tributed literature quite apart from the work of the Central Office. In view of the great and final effort which still remains to be made a,t the coming General Election the League appeals for further fund., from those who realise that the future of England lies in the adoption of Mr Chamberlain's ideas. It is obvious that the ability of the League to carry its work to a successful issue must largely depend upon the funds at its dis- posal, and we have every confidence that the appeal thus made will meet with a generous response.

EASTER IN NORTH WALES. It was not altogether satisfactory to read on Saturday morning that while North Wales was denied even a gleam of sunshine on Good Friday the holiday resorts on the south and east coast were bathed in sunshine, and some of us probably grumbled. But on Monday Nature balanced matters by giving us tea hours of brilliant, warm sunshine to temper a fiolTIewbat nippy north-westerly breeze, whilst Clacton, Lowestoft, Felixtowe, and other southern centres had to be content with an hour each. The many thousands of visi- tors who passed their holidays with us have, therefore, nothing to complain about oai that score. Generally speaking, Colwyn Bay, Llandudno and Rhyl have as high a sunshine record as any of the South England watering places, and it would be well to emphasise this important fact, because the erroneous impression prevails that in this respect Nortii W ales is at a disadvantage. From railway and other returns it appears that there were fewer visitors from the Mi l- liands this year than last year, when the in flux was an uncommonly large one; and '.tie decrease was probably due to the earlier advent of Easter. Nevertheless the pro- menades and streets of the larger resorts were apparently as crowded and animated as ever, end the business done in the better class hotela and boarding-houses is reported to have been well up to the average, but apartment letting was less brisk than usual. Generous provision had been made to entertain the guests and the orchestral concerts, parti- cularly those at Llandudno and Rhyl were liberally patronised. In at least one of the three large centres popular entertainers haiie commenced the "season," thus extending their period of operations by about five weeks aa compared with previous years, and it is to be hoped that the experiment will prove successful for, however much may be said to the contrary, one of the most potent factors in prolonging the holiday-making season la a capacity for entertainIng and attracting holiday-makers Two serious mountain climbing accidents marred the otherwise happy week-end. The Glyder Faoh again claimed its toll, a popular Treasury official falling a victim to its treacherous slopes on Good Friday, while an- other English visitor sustained a fatal fall on Lliwedd on Easter Monday.

NONCONFORMIST EXPERIMENT AT RHOS. Three weeks ago the Rev. Mr Shakespeare, a distinguished Nonconformist leader, de- livered a notable address before the National Free Church Council, in the course of which he spoke optimistically of the federation of the Nonconformist bodies. Realising the wastefulness and ineffectiveness of the extra- ordinary amount of overLapping to be observed throughout England and WaJes- the position in Wales was made painfully dear before the recent Welsh Church Com- mission—chapel goers, lay and clerical, have frequently expressed pioua hopes for the same consummation, but there are few hope- ful enough to see anything other than the visionary in Mr Shakespeare's prediction. Nevertheless, the Nonconformists of Colwyn Bay and Rhos-on-Soa have undertaken an experiment which will, no doubt, be watched with considerable interest. The Free Churchmen of Rhoa have long appealed to the various local Nonconformist authorities for suitable accommodation for divine worship, but, though the community are numerous enough to keep one chapel going prosperous- ly, it was evident that there was no room for a sanctuary for each sect. To prevent over- lapping an understanding is reported to have been arrived at, whereby the Colwyn Bay Congregationalists have been encouraged to build a new chapel in the little suburb which is supposed to provide for the requirements of Methodists, Baptists, and other sects, as well as that to which it is nominally attached. The building was formally opened on Good Friday by Lady Roberts, of Bryngwenallt. Sir Herbert Roberts, who also took part in the proceedings, sounded a more hopeful note on religious unity than even Mr Shakespeare. Tho hon. member viewed in the distance, not only the union of British Nonconformist churches, but the federation of all the Christ- ian organisations of Europe, with per- petual peace IK I v. veil the nation as ta natural corollary. That goal is admittedly far away, and one wonders how far the Rhos experi- men t will justify the larger hope. Time will tell.

BURTON GENTLEMAN FALLS 200 FEET. NARROW ESCAPE OF A PARTY. YESTERDAY'S INQUEST. The second climbing accident occurred on Monday, when. Mr Leonard Salt, of Burto-n-on- Trent, director of a well-known brewing firm, fcSl a distance of over 200 feet-, death being in- stantaneous. Mr Sait, an expert climber, left Burton on Thursday afternoon, for the Royai Hotel at Capel Curig, wJheie he joined a party of frit-tids whom he had met there last Easter. The ar- rangement for the excursion was aetuahy made a yeas- a,o. Mr Salt was well acquainted with the Snowdon district, his knowledge being the result of a number of holxlsiys spent there in the past few years. On Monday morning, about ten o'clock, he left the hotel for the purpose of attempting what is known as the Hoincrag route up the Lliwedd precipice. lie was accompanied by Mr Reginald il'iwLsorr, of Stratford-on-Avon and Birmingham, and the latter's daughter, about 19 vears of ale. After the Ml of Mr Salt (described- by the. witnesses at the inquest) the "party endeavoured to deceend. This took them a good length of time. Miss Hudson, who suffered a great ncr-I vous shock, p'uekily retained her position and showed excellent, nerve, but it was a matter of some difficulty and danger to get her down. Mr Hurst, who is an excellent climber, went up into a very difficult P',a,,io in order Lo a.cí,;i."i; her to descend. By the. time they had reached the body others who had$ecn the accident from the top of tho cliff had got there. Mr Ilu(.L.on antl Mr Hurst remained by the body while Miss Hud sc. n and Mr Hubbook went down to the hotel for a stretcher, and the body was con- voyed to the hotel at about half-past nine o'clock. Mr Salt's body was recovered not far firc-m the spot where a white marble cross stands in memory of Mr Alfred Evans, of Liverpool, who fell in. attempting to climb LIiw- edd jn 1833. Six years later Mr Mitchell, of Oxford, met hi? death at practically the same spot while engag,ed in a similar attempt.

THE INQUEST. (From Our Reporter.) Mr J. Pentir Will Lams, coroner for North Carnarvonshire, held1 an inquest at the Royal Hotel, Capel Curig, yesterday (Wednesday) to inquire into tho orrcurmstanoia of the accident. Tho Rev. Sinnett Jones, vicar of Capel Curig, was foreman of the jury. Dr. Edmund Salt, 7, Bridige-street. Burton- on-Trcnt, ecusin of the deceased), said the late Mr Salt was 41 years of age. He was a well- known athlete, playing cricket, golf, -a d hookey, and had won over 40 cups. He wa-i alco an experienced Alpine climber. lIo took tra degreo at the Pembroke University. Wit- ness was not present when the accident occumd. Mr Reginald Hudson, Grass Holme, 13hat- I ford-on-Avon, deposed that he was on friendly terms with the deceased, both having stayed to- gether 011 several occasions at the Royal Hotel, Curig. On Monday, about 10 a.m., the deceased, witness and his daughter, Mi-rs Phyiis Hudson, left the hotel and cycled to the foot of Lliwedd. They carried a ropo with them, but no other utensil far climbing. Witness had done some mounta.in climbing, but he was not an experienced mountaineer. Deceased1 was an experienced climber, and had ascended the All-s, tlKHigh he had not tried Lliwedd be- fore. Witness did not think it a dangerous climb, but the courses were difficult. They started about 12.45, and went up probabiy a third of the ascent, all roped together. On reach- i.ng the buttress, they met a Mr Hurst, and a Mr Hubbodk, who were also provided witih a rope. They decided to go tog-ethcti, and the loops of the two ropes were fastened round witness, who was the centre man. The deceased led tine party, followed by M Hudson, wit- ness, and behind liiiin Mr Hurst, Mr ihubbock being last. Each rope was 100 feet long, and about 50 fe&t int-ervened between each climber. Jicit previous to the accident the deceased had come across a bad place, and had tried another, where he observed boot scratches. die dis- appeared round an acute angle, and at the time witne-sa was entirely occupied keeping the xol).o to belay Mr Hurst. The angle wlhich the de- ceased had |>assed was a severe one, but had often been negotiated. There were a few loose etoncs on the butt-res-, but it was dry with soil and lieather in places. The hoar frost the previous night had not left tho surface at all slipiiery. Then witness heard a thud which he at first thought was a pioee of rock falling. He then heard his daughter call out in agonis- ing tones, "Hold on, Daddy." Witness thought she had met a rook falling. Looking down he observed the body of a. man lying on his back on the snow slope below, but he never realised it was their leader until his daughter told him. He did' not see him fali. They all descended tho buttress, and had some dliffieulty in getting Miss Hudson down. Miss Phvlis Hudson said she was next to the deocaaed, who had turned round a corner; and she olid not eoo him at the time of the acci- dent. She imagined he was 011 a ledge. He bad just told hec- that he was going round to see if the way was clear to proceed. She 'heard him utter an exclamation and then fall. She ex- pected a great pull on the rope, but she onSy felt it in the slightest decree, as it broke close to the deceased. She saw him falling down the rook, and then over the snow a.:ong the crag, and lastly stop against the rocks at the bottom. h3 soon as they vwjre abie they went -down. &he w-as really not in a perilous position, and oould have stood there some time. But had the rojie not broken probably all the party vv4hld have sons down. Mr Francis W. Ilubback, University College. Cardiff, said the joined the party on the ssido of tihe mountain, and was the last man on the rope. lIe saw the deceased fall off the lowest part of the buttress. The body hit the rocks and Llien gliding along the snow slope bit tihe rooks agruin aI the bottom, a fall of quite over 203 feet. lie heard a rumble hke falling rocks previously to seeing tho bodV, but nothing fell with deceased. Tie did not know the late Mr Salt until lie met him on Morciay. The Coroner, in summing up, said that it might have been a far worse accident. There was to some men something very fascinating' in obn ling dacgerous mountains—an anxiety to oonquor the almost impossible, though" he be- lieved this buttress had already been climbed by Mr Thompson, of Llandudno. The ascent was uradCfubtedly mere difficult at this time of the year owing to the mow and winter storms which Itad left their marks on the surface. However experienced a climber may 00, there was always danger, and in this case he considered that all the members of {he party had been miraculousily saved through the breaking of the rope. The Foreman, in returning a verdict m accord- ance with the evidence, said that he had known the deceased for several years- Ho was in the habit of attending the celebration of Holy Com- munion every Good Friday at Capel Ourig Church, and hilts coffin then re-ted on the spot where ho invariably sat on, such occasions. It was now his sad duty to movo a vote of sym- pathy and condolence Wit.11 the deceased's par- en>LS and other relatives- Mr G. Robert* having seconded, the motion was carricd by all standing up. Dr. Salt thanked the jury on behalf of the parents and relatives of the deceased. THE FUNERAL. On Tuesday night, at 11 p.m., a memorial ser- vice was held at the Parish Church, when the vicar officiated. Several relatives and friends of the deceased attended. The chancel war. filled with beautiful wreaths semt by deceased's re- latives and friends. The interment took place at the Old Church Cemetery, Capel Ourig, after tihe inquest, the Rev. Sinnett Jones* the vicar of the parish, and Rev. R. A. N orris, curate-in-charge, Halesden, officiating- A large number of relatives, friends, and local people attended. Amongst the wreaths received were those from the Rev. Sinnett Jones, fellow-.meimbars of the Burton Chib, Dr. Salt. T. Salt and Co-, and staff and-members of the Burton Cricket Club.

MOONLIGHT AND RUNNING WATER. Of all the wonders of Nature there is one that is more wonderful and more inexplicable than all others, it is her power to throw into oa, trance any whom she chooses. 61to has many ways of doing this, and all heT agents work for her, the song of the birds, the glow of the sunset, the flowers and the hills, but there are two that have more power over us poor human beings than ought else in the whole world, moonlight and Tunning water. Moonlight, calm, still and silent, because it helps us to weave dreams of the future, and running water, noisy, singing, restless, glittering, because it brings back dreams of the past. H.ave not all the poets sung of the moon- beams, and has not the sound of running water inspired their verses? When the pale, quiet moonlight spreads slowly across the face of the sleeping earth, weaving a magic web over all things, all tho little details are hidden, the leaves and the blades of grass, the pebbles and the giains of sand. The fields become istill lakes, and we look and almost wonder why the trees throw no reflections; tho trees loom dark, mysterious, the long white road turns to a silently flowing river down which we may float to dreamlands of wonder. The ruined mill changes to a castle, many turret-ted, tlio mountains rise shadowy, wonderful, and in- distinct, and all tlio world is wrapped in that half hidden, half guessed garment of magic that makes it so inviting and yet so fear- some. Small wonder that the moon should put a spell on all who stand beneath her, does she not move the whole sea, aye, and she moves I the heart also, and with the fame magic. It moves the heart, it fills it with love, with longing, with passion, with wonder', until it I seems -almost to burst. It fills the mind, and as its influence grows stronger the present begins to fade away, mistake of the past ar,o forgotten, dreams of the future arise, castles are built in the air, and oll how real they seem, and oh what a short time they last. The moon sinks into the sea, the stars fade, and then as the first blush of the ooming dawn shows above the western hills, the spell is broken, and wo must come back to the present. The spell of running water is different, it too fills the heart, but not with dreams of the iuture, it is the dreams of the past that it wakes again that make its power so strong. Sit still for a little while by the side of a mountain stream and listen to its music. Down it comes from pool to pool, from rock to rock, singing, laughing, sighing and whis- pering. Whisper to it a little while and it will answer you. "Long ago, long ago," it seems to say, as though it were the beginning of a fairy tale, "there lived a gi-d and a boy, did you know herr" "Yes," you whisper, "I knew her." Then the .1'l) epeaks again, "it was by the banks vs. stream, love and kisses, love and kisses, you listened together to the music of the waters, lovely eye.j, lowly eyes, how happy you were together for a little while, love and kisses, love and kisses, where is she now, where is she now?" and sadly you echo, "Where is she now?" Then as the water murmurs again, "lovely eyes," you gaze at the waters, and you see two eyes looking at you out of the water; oh it neckis no gipsy fiddle to bring them; you start forward, a name on your lips and then the eyes disappear, and you remember that it was long ago. Does not the vision wake old pa ins? you say, aye, it does so, but do we not all of us cling to our old griefs more than to our old joys, and are not our half-healed pains sweeter to us than our half- forgotten pleasures. It is because the stream brings back old pains, and wakes old longings, .that its song has such a. wonderful power over us, and be- cause in the nask, of the running waters we can hear the sound of a voice we knew once, that their spell is so strong. The moon whispers of the future, the running waters of the past, and because man- kind always loves the past better than the present, and because he always has hopes for the future that these two tilings arc able to weave a spell over him which is not equalled by that of any other magic in the world. E. V. PALGRAVE SIMPSON.

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NORTH WALES. AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENTS. Pro feasor Winter, of tiho Agricultural Depart- ment of the University College of North Wales, has just isjuod a report dealing with the manur- ing' of mangel?. Experiments were carried out a.t tihe following centres:—Anglesey Myfynan Isa, Gae-rwen (Mr O. Roberts). Carnarvonshire: Broonn Hall, Chwilog (Col. O. Lloyd J. Evans); Eiateddfa, Criccieth (Mir D. Fowden Jones); GiynWi.ton, Carnarvon (tihe Hon- F. G. Wynn)- DenbigiTfathiro: Bryn ilowel, Llangollen (Lr E. M. Edwards)- Flintshire: Ferry Bank. Queens- ferry (Mr W. H. Fox). At the conclusion of his report, Professor Winter states that as the experiment has only been conducted for one year no conclusions can be drawn, and as the season of 1909 was not a normal one as far as mangels were concerned^ it is not at all unlikely that different results may be obtained next year when the experi- ment will bo repeated.