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- TEACHERS M BRIDGEND. i

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TEACHERS M BRIDGEND. HALF-YEARLY MEETINGS OF THB N.U.T. ADDRESSES BY ALD. T. J. HUGHES, MR. MARSHALL JACKMAN, AND MR. RHYS NICHOLAS. The balr-yeairty meeting of the Glamorgan 14CIminity Association of the Nations* Uawn of Teachers was held at Bridgend on Satamiay, end was precedled by a pubhc meeting on Fri- day evening, at the Town-hall. There was a good at, the public meeting, Alderman T. J. Hughes, rice-chairman of the Glamorgan County Council, presiding. Sir, W. Brace, M.P., was expected to give an ad- fTeas, but wired that he was detailned in the House of Oommions. owiivs to the Eight Hours Bill. Mr. Tom John, of Llwynypia, another expected speaker, was unaMe to get away ow- ing to a meeting of a Distress Committee at that place. ALD. HUGHES AS A BYE PRODUCT. A/Worm a ii: T. J. Hushes, in opening the meeting, sa.id' he Mt, when responding to the R.S.V.P. of Mir. Skxman, the able and energe- tic secretary of this district, that he—as a member of the Glamorvan, L.E.A., presiding at a. meeting of the G.C. A. of the N.U.T. (they tived in an age of initials) would be like a Hon in a den of Daniels?—Daniels oome to judgment-—(laughter^—for lie bad found by experience, as ia member of the County Com.. tnittee, that the N.U.T. was ia hard nut to G'!8Œ. (Laughter.) He accepted' the posi- tion as no mere personal compliment, but rather as the token of a desire that the two county oirganisations (on behalf of the teachers and the -ratepayers) should sidle by side seek to work out their own salvation in the face of the pressing mxnWenn that am,- frontad them. Mo wished to nxako a frank personal! oomfah-akm that educa-tionally he was a mere bye-prodhiot of the Education Act, 1902, which had thrust him and many of his colleagues iarbo the ediuoationa1 arena. Up to there the code had been Greek to him, and the public dtemenfcary school: a terror incog- ita, and he had kniownas littlo of arrticle 30 aa of tho o-their articles whose mystic number •was 39- (Laughter.) His only comfort in this connection, was that they were leairruing to make some use even: of bye products. F-ur- thermore, 'his advent into the arena had been from stress 'of circumsfcanceSj more or less from a politidaii standpoint, and at a time when ivair was raging. He had no caluse to regret. the (hiinible part he had taken in the trenches during the storm and! stress of the past five years, excemfc that it had ion all tendied to give some bras to his judgment. They were to have the privilege of hearing the educationlaf pnoWem grappled with by past raasbeim from the several staandpoints of working, m-n4 childV teacher, and adminis- trator. In the multitude of counsellors there was wisdom, and it would ill become himirn such company to put forward his own views. He inviOOd his audience to sit with him at the feet of theæ experts, but for him each aspect had a personal bearing for he was a working man, parent, tewher--his weekly class of children a something over 300 —and' in a. hirmbte degaee an administrator &&SO. (Laughter.) He should not be im,- mensely siirprised! if, during the evening, one or more of the speakers made a passing (refer- ence to -thlat blessed' word "compromise"— (laughter)—or blurted out dome reference to the Education Bilf which bad died a natural ath in the House of Commons that week. (Laughter.) Hooouid onily repeat the word's he had used in another place earlier in the week and say that "they had' C'OMD to bury Oeesar, not to kick ham." (Laughter.) Per- wmally lie was gliad and grateful that some attempt had been made to grasp the nettle, and that the leaders of the contending par- ties in the State had showni some desire to cail a truce of God on theitr divided' forms. He hoped the door had) not been finally slammed i'11J the way of that essentially Brit- igh metbfod of doing justice by instalmeiits which people called compromise. (Applause.) Lord Tredegar had recently proposed' to solve two great social problems by marrying tlhe Suffragettes to the unemployed. (Laughter-) He proposed! as a humble solution to the edu- cation: problem that the Archbishop of Can- terbury, Mr. Riuncima.ni, and the Plrêsident of the N.U.T. should! be shut in a roogn (a padkled room for dhorce) with plenary powers, hnit without fire, foodoe candle. (Laughter.) One was apt in the din and smoke of the fight to be heedless to the call of childlife to the paramount duty of building. Like the .Wmoe builders, let tlitem have their swords r at their sidles, but not forget the trowel (Appdla,Ti-.) The position of Britain, both commercially and1 scientifically, was being de- termined by the equipment to-day and to- morrow of on-rbovs aiiidi girls for life's battles and burdens, and each must sacrifice some- thing of time or energy or nostrum. (Ap- plause.) Let eiaoh act in the spirit of their own fine Eisteddfod motto Goreu arf arf' dysg," and energise each in his own sphere so as to bring about the dawning of the day ■when- the weapons of their warfare may be laid aside, and,a united and successful effort made, to plaCe* the bright falchion of learning in the grasp of every child in their beibved land. (Lotud applause.) "FAIR CHANCE FOR THE WORKER'S CHILD." Mr. Marshall Jackman, London, said it seemed to him that the bye products were be- coming morte useful than the original pro- ducts, for they were bringing new light to bear upon educational problems. He did not in- tend to speak of the Education Bill, as he had a great respect for the dead. What he wanted to advocate wias a fair clian-ce for the wonder's child. In 1806, when, the first Edu- cation Bill, was introduced, Mr. Daviee Giiddies, M.P., said however specious im theory the project might be, education of the wal-k-ing cdasses would make them discani- tented with. their lot and would be prejudi- ciali to. their morals. One hundred) years 3at.er, in 1906, the Consultative Conimitteeof the Boaixii of Eld'uoation. had1 advocated edu- cation to fit the masses for the poeitioiis they x would be likely to ocoupy. This was the earne spirit of attempt to restrict the condi- tions and opportunity of the working classes. Mr. Davies Gibbies settled' at once that the children of tlip- working classes must be hwers of wood and. dirawers of water," and theae good people of the Consrultative Com- mittee &rTogated to themselves the right to I say to what position the children of the ele- mentary schools should advance. He was of opinion, that no one had a riefht to lay down ouch oondfLtions, andi tiiat only capacity and hraims of the ohiMren dhouad limit their op- portunities to rise. (Hear, hear.) To-day there was at least one Judtre on the Bench attd four members in the Goyei-nment who received their early education in element airy schoojs, the ratter being Mr. Hcyd George, Sir Samuel Evans, Mr. John Burns, and Dr. Mascraamara. (Apptauso.) They did' not hear amyone in these days objecting to educa- tion for the working 61ASGes of a sort, but a very large 11)timabeir advocated, no higher edu- cation for tifetm. Onie of the handicaps in the ofornentary schools was the large size of the classes. In the secondary schools the re- gulations would not permit more than 35 scholars to be in one class, but in1 elementary schools 50 were allowed, with 15 per cent. over. He wondered why the regulations did mot give the limit at 69,.which was the effect cf the regulation. In many class*?.? in the country even thi's number was exceedied. London was not, so badly, under-staffed as eome parts of the country, but a census of the classes showed 2,774 elates of .between 50 IMJIcl 60, 1,981 between. 60 and 70, 320 between 10 and' 80, 82 between 80 and 90, and 16 over 90. The Board of Education, winked, at the deiinquecies of the authoritiee, and Mr. Me- Keima, when his attention was called to a class of a hundred, said it was not the regular number in the ctass, and ther-of orte the ruiles cf the Board' of Education were not broken. ('' Shame.") Yes, it was a shame, but the ehame. was on the workers of the country for •not rising up and demanding fair and proper conditions for their children. (Hear, hear.) Anjothea; injustice in elementary schools was tack of proper aiir space, sud, Dr. Newshoime, the faeod medfoal officer of the local Govern- mieaC Boteund, the highest medicail authority on and education, had stated that the air fin the best Twrtiifabed elementary school was wxJree tlmu the air in the worst ventilated lioimtB. The Board of Education laid down a. limit of 70 cubic feet of air per child, whilie tfche reguliatfonis for the secondary school were 160 icra'bio feet. The Local Government DBoarcE required 180 feet in workhous* day- tcoQwe the Aawd fJi Trade 250 m factwiea; 360 was ordered ia remand homes for boys and girls; soldiers got 600: and alfliragettes in prison secured1 819. (LatiOter,) The lee- sort was, if they waarted fresh -air they should go to pnisoru (Renewed laughter.) With regard to the teachers, only half were certifi- oated., and the 17,000 Arbicfe 68 onJiy pos- sessed certificates for vaccination and birth. They wanted smallier classes, more oubic air space, -and, more qualified teachers. These things would cost money, and the local bur- den was greater than it should be, but edu- cation was a nationall charge and the expense should be borne from the National Ex- chequer. There was no oountry on the Con- tim»nt, outside Russiia and Tmrkey, in which the quaHncatMm of teachers was so low and the. size of the classes so hich. For the first time Welsh statistirclSI had recently been .sep- arated from English, and it wa-s found that although Wales compared well in secondary education', she was worse than Engllandi in elementary. Alterations could be made. We couM find money to soend on ironclads, but were loath to ispendi it on education. The Education Billl provIded one and a half miil- lions for education, and the Government would not have provided thie saitn unless it was needled. CHILDREN AND PIPES. Mr. Rhys Nicholas, Cwmavon, -a member, of the Executive N.U.T., said he wanted to deal with administration and not adrainisttrators. He was very proud that they had such an able administrator in the chair that evening. If there was one word which was etched into the minds of electors in 1902 more than an- other, it was "control," or rather "popular control." How far had they got popular con- trol of education in Glamorgan, where there were 380 schools, with 2,000 teachers and 60,000 children, costing a. quarter of a million) per annum ? Taking away autonomous areas, only 47 members of the County Council were entitled to vote on education business, and the work was ,really carried on by 15 members. On the boronlrh, district and par- ish councils of the county there were 1,063 to look after drain gas pipes, and water pipes, but 15 were sufficient to look after edu- cation! Which were the most important, the children or the pipes? There were im- mense possibilhties in a school of children. He could not help remembering that the So- licitor- General—(applause)—was a scholar in one of the elementary schools of this county, and ini the schlool where he (the speaker) pre- sided, a seat was formerly occupied1 by Mabon. (Applause.) The pipes were ntit: in it. The Education Committee met once a monrbn iiii pubho, and,the Sul bQeaTdniitfeesaloo met in private, the Press and' public being ex- cluded. It was at the meetings of the sub- committeies that the various questions were in any sense under consideration, and with all deference a-nd all respect, however desirous a represent iti ve might be to do what was right or wrong, there was a greater desire for business to be done well when it was done be- fore the public gaze. Some members of the committees sacrificed much time aind money in attending the-nieetings, and the work was overwhelming. Anglesey -and Cardigan Councils 'had etected the whole of the mem- bers on the Education Committee, Brecon- shire had 60 members, and Carmarthenshire 25, white Brecknock had established eight sub-committees for different parts of the county, so as to induce a personal interest im the different schools. What Glamorgan suf- fered from was the absence in Aajiy districts of members of the commitbeeX In his dis- trict, for instance) the locall County Council- lor waS not a member of the committee, and the large district of Penybontt had only one representative. The Consultative Committee which had, been referred to had issued a re- port in which the destruction of centraliisa- tioni and, the bringing of the management nearer to the school's was advocated. Mr. BirreMTs Bill provided for local committees, which would, practically re-establish the did sohool board's, in the counties, and in the Bill just thrown out, it was anticipated that local education committees would be established. If this Bill had' passed they might have had twelve committees in the county with 180 elected representatives, and he sincerely hoped1 they might yet have a reform of this kind. The dtesire for it was not dead. Mr. W. Bryn Davies, schools inspector under the Gliamorgan Education Committee, proposed a vote of thanks to the speakers1, which was seconded by Mr. T. C. Jones, Pour- and carried. Mr. Jackman replied, and proposed a, vote of thaniks to the Chairman. The bye product of education in Glamorgan, he said, had been a great force. He had, occasion some time ago to meet Aldlerm-an, Hughes, 'and was miioll struck by his keenness for education and, his justness and fairness. He was glad Alder- man Hughes came into education, even if he was dragged into it through the political! elfe- ment. Mr. HowelT Howell, president of the County Association, secondtedi the motion, which was carried. Alderman Hughes, replied, and advised the teachers to malgll ify theiir offite and) to be satisfied with -nothing short of being consi- dered one of the great professions. ——

THE ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE.

NEW CHAPEL FCt BRIDGEND. f-

THE LAMENT.

OGMORE AND GARW COUNCIL ——■-♦

WORDS OF WISDOM.

AROUND THE SHOPS. j.

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