North Wales Gazette

THE EM PER Oft OF RUSSIA AND THE ORDER OF THE GARTER. The paraphernalia necessary to the investi- lure of his Imperial Majesty have Iwct) pre- pare.) in the most magnificent stile; with a strict adherence, however, to the habiliments and decorations of the Order. They are as follow The shoes of white kid, ornamented with sil- ver lace and roses. The stockings and pantaloons of whi te sil {, manufactured for the purpose in one. The jacket or doublet, and trunk, of rich white silver tissue, ornamented with silver lae.», i i imitation of point lace. The sword has a gold hilt the belt and scabbard are covered with rich enwson velvet. The SlIrcoat of rich erilll- so » velvet. A large s lver lace rosette for the Tight knee- The installation carter, richly em- broidered, for the lefi knee. The superb mantle of avirter blue velvet, lined with white lustring. The ha ) ;f of the Order richly embroidered. The mantle is fas'ened on the neck with blue ano got i rope, with two long; rich tassels. The hood of ori nson velvet, which is worn on fhe right shoulder. Tiie gloves white kid, trimmed with silver lace. The Spanish hat of black velvet, with ;i las' with a large plume of ostrich and heron leathers. Flowing ringlets of hair, with a hunch of whitt. ribbons to tie them. The splendid gold collar of the trier, with the tiedal of St. George to hang on the breast; with large bunches of broad white ribbons and rosettes. The Deputation, take with Ih,'m the Stifule passed at the last Chapter, authorising the election of the Emperor of Russia to he a member of the Order, with the Great Seal «»f England attached to it, in a gold box. On Tuesday a general rehearsal took place of the ceremony of the investiture by all those who are to assist in it. Various causes delayed the departure of the deputation, but af length yesterday was the day fiilally fixed upon.— Upon this occasion Sir Thuluas Tyrwhill laniuhed a new travelling carriage, substanti- ally built, to encounter the bad roads of Ger r?C Sl.ar'ed in from Carlton-house, a little after eleven o'clock, accompanied bv Mr. Pullman, as his private Secretary- Mr. Granye, of the Treasury, who has resided a n imber of years in Russia; and Mr. Topper, a surgeon. Sir'Thomus lakes wi h hirn letters a.ld several articles torlhe Duke of Ciiiiiiier- laud. He was followed by Mr- Hunter, the King's Messenger, who was equipped in the true courier style. He takes with him dis pitches for Lord Cathcart. Mr. Townshend, the King at Arms, left town about the same ti n l ii' c.-irriajje, accompani- ed by his Secretary and a Herald Exlraordi vnoy. The Earl of Aberdeen set off fnm Ai :>f c>ie three o'clock on Saturday, accompanied bv Dr. Fisher, of Bri/iiio;i A; past four o'clock Mr. Gordon, Mr. Lambe, and Mr. Morier, left Argyll house to follow, his Lordship. The ni ble Earl is to meet the deputation Ill's day at Yarmouth, and sail with them from thence in the Cyduus irigale, Captaiu Langford.

To ihe Editor of the Niorth Wales Gactte. NUMBER XV. OF the difference between the Church of Rome and the British Church m the observ- ance of Easier, the author of the Collectanea Cambric a gives the following explanation The old Homan lunar cycle consisted of 34 years. This was corrected by Sulpicins Seve rus and Dionisius. The Brilons followed the correction of Sulpicius, and the Romans the cycle of Dionisius in the sixth century, heller known by the name ot the Alexandrine cycle, vide page 320. TIlls slatement which the author says is taken from Usher, is very incor- rect. That the Romans ever used a period of 84 years cannot be proved. Such a period contains three solar cycles. The authority upon which Usher stales that this period was introduced to Britain by Sulpicius Severtis is that very letter of Aldhetm to the Britons of Cornwall, whith file author supposes to be the epistle of Gildas. Now if Sulpicius ever illlro duced a correction it is highly probable that it was the same as that of Victorious, for they were both co-temporaries and natives of the same country, viz. Aquitane. The correctIon ol Dionisius, exiguus, did not differ essentially from that of Victorinus, hut merely in some errors and omissions overlooked by the latter. These corrections had nothing to do with the pretended cycle of 84 years, and were only an improvement of the Decemnovennalian cycle, which was adopted at Home soon after, if not hefore the Nicenc Coullnl. What appears to have given rise to the existence of a period of 84 years is, that according to such a mode of computation there would be a difference of two days trom that of Rome, which was the Ihiil disputed between the British Church and I hat ol Rome. fins is intimated uy Bede. H. 2. 2. WiJere he says, the British observed the paschal teast from lile 141h 10 the 20th dav of Ihe moon, "which computation," .he adds, •• is contained in the period of 84 years." He does not expressly declare that they adopted such a period in their calculations. The author of the Collectanea Cambri, a is not only mis taken in making Dionisius the first corrector of the Roman calendar, but also in identifying his correction wilh the Alexandrine cjcle. The corrections made at Rome had no refer, eiicetothoseofAtexandita. The lunar cycle was th" same in both places, but the period of 532 years, invented by Victorinus and im- proved upoll by Dionisius, is totally independ- ciii of the period used at Alexandria which appears to have been composed of five lunar cycles, invented in the time of Bishop The ophtlus. Buhop Loyd in his treatise on Church Government is very concise in his account of tins controversy, the grounds of which he t.bns explains. The oidest Roman and British cycle consisted of 84 year*. The Romans afterwards adopted oiie of 19 years. This the jiritons re ■used lo do, and on this account they were adjudged guilty of schism. The inconsistence oi tins statement will appear by relerring to tin: synod ol G54. Colman, the strenuous ad- vocate for Ihe British rile, professes lo follow Anatiiohus, who appears from the course of the debate to Stave used the Decemnovennalian cycle, a period, which lor reasons unnecessary I for i»e now to produce, i could prove to have been m use in the west of Europe prior to Ihe introduction of Christianity. HespeLiu the paschal disputes it is very surprising thai doubts should exist concerning the peculiari- ties of different Churches on tins head, as early as the days of Bede wilen olle would ima- gine the different modes of observing Easter might have been very accurately defined. That this was not the case is very evident from the testimony of Bede, who himself pleaded that the point in dispute was merely that of making the 14th the limit of observing this feast in- stead of the 151 h day of the paschal moon at the same he acknowledges that others were of opinion,thai it was the heresy of the Quar- tadeciruani which had found its way into this country. A diversity of opinions at so early a period of ecclesiastical history renders it a very diilicult matter to arrive at the Irulh. With respect to the British Church Bede ex- pressly says that they celebrated the day of our Lord's HeslIrrcclioil, which is it) (III-ect op- poition to Ihe Asiiitic heresy. Notwithstanding this the author of the Collectanea Cambrica quotes a passage from the Jnnates Alenevenscs from which I conclude that this heresy pre- vailed among the Britons till the year '155, when Easter day was changed to Sunday by the correction of Elfod. That this heresy prevailed in Scotland may clearly be proved from a letter of Pope John addressed to the Scotch Clergy in the year 640, in which they are accused of following the Jewish mode of celebrating faster. *'QuartadeciuiS. Luna cum Hebr<eis ce!ebrantes." This is evidently the the heresy of theQuarladecimaui. Thecharge however affecls only a few and not the geue ralily. Again, Bede in E. H, 3. 4. speaking of the Picls, says, that they were not Quarta- decimani, but celebrated their Easter on the Lord's day, but oil a different week to the Catholic Church. "Non semper in Luna, quartadecimi cum Judasis, ut quidam rcban. tnr, sed in die quidem dominica, aliA tamen quam decebat hebdomada." Thus it was not agreed whether this heresy had a foot. ing or not. The prohahdlly IS that a lew oul, were tinctured by it, and others partially so by keeping Easler on the Sunday which fol- lowed nest after the 14th. Again in speaking of Aulan Bishop of the Scots,Bede disapproves of his tenets respecting Kasler, but declares lie was not one of Ihe Quartadecimani, 44 ut (luidam falso opinanlur." Fro") all tills It is clear that the Asiatic heresy had absolutely found its way into Britain, and that in conse quence ot this the 14th day of the moon was made the limit in the celebration of Easter, in opposition to the Church of Rome. The period of 84 years was quite unconnected with these disputes, and a diversity of cycles is nol in one single instance made a plea of accusa- tion. Before the end of the eighth century the British, Scotch, and Irish Churches had all conformed to the Church of Rome in the observance ot: this rite, chiefly by the exer- tions of Wilfrid, Aldhelm, and Ceolfrid, &c. To the exertions of Wilfrid the following verses being a part of his epitaph bear tes- timony. Paselialis qui etiam solemnia tempore cursus Catholici ad justum correxit dogma canonis Quem statucre patres, dubioque errore remoto, Certa suaa genti ostendit moderamina ritus. Bangor. J, J,

To the Editor of the North Wales Guxclie. J (Continuation of the Letter, relative to Gildas, concluded from our last.) But to re! urn.—Your correspondent has had the temerity to appeal to the Roman histo- rians. This is presuming very far on the ig- norance of my countrymen and an insult, which will meet with tiieir contempt. With- out excluding myself from a participation in the same feeling, I will, for the sake of those who are not acquainted with these historians, refer to what is said by some of the Roman poets and historians. Lucan says ot the Romans, who with Ctesar invaded Britain,— Teirita quassitls ostendunt terga Britannis. TheyJled in terror from the Britons whom ill"Y haft sollaht. Horace, considers the Britons as then not having been injured, for he flatters Augustus with the hope of a victory over them, in these lines,- Iotaclus (ant) Brifannusuf descenderet Sacrâ eateoalus viii. That the Briton iolit) hud not been (to that time) assailed, should in chains come dozon the sacred way (or street) of Home. Propertlus addresses Auguslus ill lhe same style- Te manet invictus RomaftO marfe Britanniis. The Briton, unconquered (hitherto) by Roman a "I awliti thee. Socii was the opinion at HOllie IIf the result ot Csesar's invasion. The next invasion was in the reign of Claudius; and said to have been undertaken al the insligatuon of a British fac- i 'On, upon i lie representation of one Bericus ll is no way impossible that a faction or divi- sion exisled but did the event prove Ihat the nation at large was not faithful to itself? — Quite the reverse. When Claudius sent over Plautius, and then Vespasian, so little of lac- lion did they tind, that they were indehted to the superior disdpline and skill in war, and it seems, in the case of Togoduinntis to assassin- ation. for their success. Vespasian, according to Tacitus, fought no less than thirty battles with the Britons, and the glorious Caraclacus was still unconquered. Yet this is the nation, of whom its old and new calumniator say,thai it trade no resistance, and had no capacity to resist and what is his argument for this shameless assertion ? A paltry subterfuge, and a misrepresentation. Suelclllills says that Claudius came tn Britain, staid here only sixteen days, that without war or bloodshed he received the submission of a part of the island, and afterwards had a most magnificent triumph on his retun rto Rome. Now, as Claudius had not much of the man ot war in his character, it is probable thai, if there had been a battle during his short slay here, he did not personally engage in it but, if there had really been no hallie, It is not probable lliat he should have had a triumph. But why- is the evidence of Dio and Taeitus suppressed ? Both say that (here was a battle, and that Claudius was present is their united author ily less than that of Suetonius? No. But to admit il would he to adlllil that Claudius did see a real resistance. It has been conjectured tlral Plaulius, having hemmed in this parly, so as to he sure of victory, sent for Claudius, that he might have the credit. And was it then a people who made no resistance, or had had no capacity of resistance, over whom a Roman Emperor was so ambitious to triumph as to come from Rome to Britain to gain the reputation of doing so, and on which cousi deration the Senate decreed annllal games to commemorate it ? What part of the island submitted is uncertain, except that Colchester (Camalodunum) and its vicinage. Your cor respondent says Claudius may with strict propriety be said to have taken possession of the island. This may be his notion of strict propriety to represeut what is said of a part as said of the whole and theeffeei of victory as the effect of an edict butthiskiud of strict propriety, is so different from that which is usually attached to the words, that they who take words in their common acceptation may he strangely misled. As to the taking pos session, that is often done, and many a-hard battle fought before it is obtained in realily, if il be ever obtained. I need not however ask. how comes it to pass that he forgetstbat this possession-taken was resisted hy the noble and far famed valour of Caraclacus, and the heroic Boadicea, not to mention olhers. It would be perhaps loo great a concession to truth to notice Ihem. Whether what he and others have saId of the internal divisions of the Britons be taken from Ihespccch assigned by Tacitus lo Galgacus, I do not pretend to affirlTl hut to me il appears that much more stress II as. hy candid and fa ir historians since been lild upon it, than the long contest will warrant. Galgacus, in exhorting to yiiani mif y should, had tiiere been a few instances of the had effects of discord, insist upon what was proper in his situation but the character of a nation is not to be taken from a declamatory speech: and it is observable that Ihe speech of Agricola, on the opposite part, proves, that, whatever the divisions oflhe Britons had been, they had been formidable foes to the Romans. He tells his soldiers, 44 Tot expe- ditionihus, tot praHiis, seu turtiludine adversus hostes, sell patientia ac labore, poene adversus ipsam rerum naturam opus filiI; neqne me Illilltum lIeqlle vos ducls pænitllil. /'hough so many expeditions, so many battles, such bravery against the enemy, such patience and toil almost in opposition to nature Use if, have been necessary, I have nol been dissatisfied with my troops, nor they with me Thus Britons had fought with a continued perseverance, and with a valour that called forth the best efforts of file Rollilins, Having now, Sir, I trust satisfactorily prov ed the falsehood of the assertion of the writer of the tracts in queslion, I cannot conclude without adverting to your correspondent's reference to the letter of Agidius. Would it be imagined, that. the original authority for this letter is the first of these tracts, and that without any intimation of its being so, it is presented to your readers as authentic ? Yet so it is, and thus made to seein a distinct au- thority. But it is not by such means or such attempts the British character will sustain in- jury, it will shake off the malignant shafls of calumny, as falls the dew drop from the lion's mane. P. ROBERTS. Oswestry, 1st Jugust, 1813,

LOUD KNOCKING Has increased, is encreasing, and ought to be restricted. TO THE EDITOR, SIR,—I am an old man, constitutionally nervous, and subject to severe head-aches. 1 was recommended to try what effect a resi- dence of a few months at Bath would have, and I accordly sel out, in Nov. last, fur that city accompanied by my servant Philip. Philip is not a great deal younger than my- self, he has been with me now more than twenty years; he is possessed of many good qualities, aiid a f*ew sitt,-ularities aiid t':illiiigs but as 1 know, that I r, have myself occasion for many allowances on thai score, and am well assured that perfection is not to be at- tained by any of us, I bear with Philip's od- dities without much complaining I know that he is attached to me, and that he serves me faithfully. On our arrival at Bath, I took lodgings upon the Parade, where we should he free from the noise of carriages, and where, hut for the troublesome and disturbing practice of loud knocking at doors I should have found myself as quiet as at my own home. This abominable practice, however, kept my nerves in a continual fluiter, and when I had the head ache contributed to render it almost distracting. It was not the knocking at our own door alone, which I had to appre- hend, but the knocking at every door within thirty or forty yards of its so that during SIX hoors ill t/w middle ctf the daJ, I had not a moment's rest, and, what was still worse, during- half as man) hours, when I ought to have been enjoying uiy first sleep, Ihe knock- ing was almost as constant and, of course, ffuch more distracting. Formerly this loud declaration of Ihe dignity of the visitors, was confined to the exertions of their servants; but a Genlleman. when he he rapped for him- self, did it like a i,entlem(in., without noisy ostentation. Now, however, every one is ex- pected to declare, by his knocking, Ihe esti- mation in which he holds himself, as to rank, fortune, and abilities. Before we left Bail), Philip, who is by no means deficient in shrewdness and capacity, had learned to distinguish, so accurately, the knocking of each ciass, that he was seldom at a loss to pronounce, before he proceeded to open the door, the kind of visitor whom 1 might expect to see. For myself, so much did 1 dread the effect of having a great man announced, that I would, at any tillle. rather have paid a shilling for the getitle iti) of a humble suppliant. To the continued state of irritation in which my nerves were. kepi hy this custom, it is, that 1 attribute my receiv- ing little or no benetit from my excursion. I was very glad when 1 once more got quietly seated by my own fire-side where these alarming peals of thunder were little to be apprehended. Philip could not, however, divest himself of the habit which he had formed of deciding on I he quality of the knockers, whenever one was heard, and of hastening to admit them with duly proport innate speed. I was breakfasting a few mornings ago, ralher laler than usual, when three gentle at the door were heard. Philip was wait- ing to bring me in another toast, and there- fore paid no attention to so humble a visitor. A few moments produced three other raps of the same description; slill no Philip appeared ) third lime they were repeated, neither quicker nor louder I iii)w rung the bell forci. bly, and begged to know why he did not at- tend the summons to the door —44 1 was wait ing, Sir, lo bring in your toast, aud it is only a I Sir, if it he only a beggar, 1 request that beggars may not he kept wailing unnecessarily here. Philip muttered something about fuss, and went to open the door. He sooit however re-entered the parlour, with a face as red as his waistcoat, holdmg the door, and bowing very respectfully to a>y old, wor- thy, and highly cslcccmcd friend, Sir Urhan Mauley, who entered, smiling, and giving Philip a good natured slap on the back as an old acquaintance, before he held out his hand 10 cong-ratulatc me on my return home. T he Mauley's is one of the oldest and first families in my neighbourhood. Their existence In lhis island can be traced clearly beyond the con. quest. They have always continued respec- table, and were once very numerous. Sir Ur- ban is possessed of a very considerable estate, wliieli, fit other hands,wouidtrebiettspresent rental. He does not bestow less than live hundred pounds per annum in acts of charity. Poor Philip was therefore, this time very far from being accurale in his surmises, and yet. Sir Urban spent a part of the preceding winter in Bath. His estimate of his own consequence must therefore be far below Ihe degree which Philip assigns him. This it was that led to the mistake. I said no more to Philip on the sub- el ject, I saw that he was sufficiently mortified, and I was persuaded that he would uot soon forgel the lesson. Of this I had an opportunity of being con- vinced before the close of the day, for about seven o'clock in the evening, a loud and tole- rably long continued rap proclaimed no low bred visitor. It was not one of those ear-rend- ing volunteers which alarm a whole neigh. bourhood, but it was a rap which, under the then circumstances, brought. Philip in such violent haste out of the kitchen, thai he caught the pocket of his coat upon the latch of the door, and succeeded in completely disengag- ing the skirt of thecoat from the body. How- ever this might ruffle poor Philip's temper, there was no time for deliberation he had his credit to relrieve and in a moment, docked as he was. he had opened the door, when who should present himself to receive Philip's ready bow, but a poor fellow with a large basket of cockles upon his arm, which he was taking round to dispose of I He had, at the moment the door was opened, turned about to answer a call from the other side of the street, so that he stood with his back turned towards the door. This win too much for Philip's patience to sustain.-The loss of his reputation for sagacity, the mortification he had received in the morning, and the re- cent injury sustained by his new coat, the skirt of which he fhell held in his hand, all rushed upon him, like an electrical shock, dis- charging itself through his foot, which he raised in an instant, and applied with such force to the hindmost part of the poor cockle- vender, as sent him, and his shell tish, from tile gtep into the tuiddle of the street; where Ihey were spread in all directions, to the di version of the spectators.— A moment s re- collection brought Philip to a sense of Ihe impropriety ofhisconduct, and he very meekly obeyed my orders, to go immediately and help the man to collect his cockles and thent attend him to me, The man was soon made sensible of Ihe impropriety of his loud knock- mg, and satisfied with a trifle for Ihe insult and loss. Poor Philip was sufficiently hum- bled. I saw liiiii follow and I have no doubt he hoth apolog-ized aud remllueraled him. Philip is neither deficieut it, nor humanity, nor is he particularly irritable but we are all, more or less, the slaves of cir- ciiii)staiices.-A Peliliou, which wouid at one time rouse us to the most active exertions, will, at another, be dismissed with impatience and a shilling. But to return to the indecorous and Jrouble- some practice of loud and long knocking, it is a practice so utterly incompatible with the delicacy and manners of Ilw Enlish charac- ter, that lam astonished how it has ever been able to obtain footing- amongst us We have often I.card with disnslllf men sounding their own frumpels. Where then is the mighty differenc(- belween taking a trumpet from 1111" der the coat, and declaring by Ihest"¡:(ogth ":I( frequency of the file est i II)at io, in whle/t the trumpeter holds himself, and producing* the same effect by clattering with the knocker of a door, only that the latter means is mora disturbing and less hariiiotiious ? I ca-uiot conceive a more revolting office, than for a modes! man to be put upon proclaiming, m the open street, that he considers himself as tv man of consequence. If we must thus be dis- tinguished and proclaimed, I think that we should not be suffered to estimate our own importance. There should be all officeesi if)- lished, from whence, on proving his right,and paying a proporlionaleduty to the state, eaclt- applicant should be furnished wilh a certifi- cate, staling Ihe nature of his claims, and Ihe number of knoc ks which fie was entitled lo use. On exceeding this numbei in any instance he should he subject to a considerable fine. The returns for the property tax, nwghl, in some degree, ,er-e as a guide, so far as wealth contributes to consequence. The He- rald's Office would easily supply the intorma- lion requisite to establish Ihe claims arising from rank and family TIlls. Ilr SOlllèSlluilar plan, seems absolutely necessary otherwise fools, and those of,whom there are less hopes than fools, will engross a very disproportion- ale share ol I he consequence to be.nqu red hy loud knocking. To prevent all these lamentable circum- stances, to contribute to lite produc i f) of peace and quietness, and the mcn-ase of the revenue as well as towards the restora- urn of the health and reputation of tuy countrymen, have taken the liberty of troubling v<Hi,aud through you your readers, with this letier. aiii, &e. MOSES TRANQUIL.

A steam boat is about to be employed this week upon the river between Norwich and Yarmouth she makes about seven miles all hour in smooth water, without either sails or oars. Mr. Pitt's illoriurrent.-Tiiis elegant piece of sculpt ure, allowed lo be a master piece, by Westmacolt, in Westminster Abbey, was opened yesterday. II is placed in a most eli- gible situation, over the west entrance, at the extremity of the aisle. The congregation re- turning from the Choir, have a full view of the figure of this great Orator. T,hc statile is of white marl le, representing him in his robes, as Chancellor of the Exchequer, his right arm extended, as when declaiming in the House of Commons. On the right sits the figure of Hislory, wilh a book, recording bis worth, attentively looking, with expressive countenance, to the subject of her pen. 10tl the left is the figure of Atiarcliy, cliaiiivd-I fie Sword otDiscord, a pari of which (the tHit) is only to he gt-eii and on the base, in front of the I)rliic'll),tl fi,rtire, is Ili's il)*.Cl,ll)tiuu I This Monument is erected by Parliament to WILLIAM PrTT, Son of William, Earl of Chatham, In testimony of Gratitude, for the eminent Public Services, And of regret for the irreparable losti of that Great and distinguished Miuister Concluding with these words- He died on the 23d of January, 1800, in the 47th year of his age. TIDE TABLE t(itt TUt FNSUING WEEK. = T~ ~7% Z • lavas sin US. f • — < fi <» 2 fc3 L 5 £ > «< a £ «a § « — { a h •- £ Wo<'° £ w»rt jo'1 B J 2 2 p>o x~2 Maybe crossed 3 *^2 z m J Aowri after high water, and conti- ■« K a! ■<! S -< BZ« i u.uier, una i,urui o ca fc o u es o J nwe sa/e 4 hours. < 7W I nl"k H'gh iligh High n'gk Hi§" Holidays I W«ir«r Water Water Water Water Water AUGUST. hI m! h! ivT M. | H. M. | H. M. | H. M. Thursday 19 16 2 6 2 46 3 36 3 56 j 4 36 Fridav, 20 1 54 2 54 3 34 4 24 4 44 5 24 Saturday 21 2 42 3 42 4 22 5 12 5 32 6 12 Sunday 22 3 30 4 SO 5 10 6 0 6 20 6 0 10th S. af. Trio. Monday 23 4 18 5 18 5 58 6 48 T 8 7 48 Tuesday.24 5 6 6 6 6 46 7 SS 7 56 8 36 Wedneday.25 5 54 6 54 7 34 8 24 8 44 9 24 BANGOR: Printed and Published by J. Broster Orders, for this paper, are received in London Newton & Co. (late Tayler & Newton,) 5, Wgr White* S3» Fleet-strcci> j I