North Wales Gazette

For the North Ifrles Gazette. ARDDERCHAWGRWYDD Y RIBL. Pa lyfr sy'n dangos gwaith I)uw ne' Sydd ymhob lie 'n aliuog; Mewn awyr deneu, dyfnfor lIaith, A daear faith doreithiog? Y Bibl. Pa lyfryn llawn ddesgrifio sydd Gwaith Buw mewn chwedydil cyfan; Nes gosod Adtla ac Efa 'n lion Ar tiarreli tiriori Berliaii ? Y Bibl. Pa I) fr am Lrwymp aiinedwydd iawn Sy'n rhoddi llawn hysbysrwydd Ac am addewid rad a ddaeth I ben yn helitetti hylwy(ld y Bibi. Pa lyfr sy'n cynnwys cywir laith Y Gyfraith yn ei phurdeb; A r,)e(i i r,,)ses, Ili-ol)hwyd gwir, Pan fu yn hir yn fJoreb? Y Bibl. Pa lyfr sy'n ffyddlawn hir goffaa Am lor, a'i wyrthian inawrion Er gwaredigaeth »eulu gras, Neu gosp ar ddiras ddynion ? YBibl. Pa lyfr a ddysg i Ddynol Ryw Alai lesu yw 'r Messiu A'r modd y daeth, pan rwygai 'r lien, Drwy 'r gwaith ar ben Golgotha ? y Bibi. I, Pa lyfr Pr Edifeiriol blin :Sy'ii cynnyg gw*i zogoniant; Ainlygu iiiah Jehofa gwiw Yn Arglwydd Dduw macldetian?-? YBibl. Pa lyfr sy'n cynnwys haiies lawn Am weision ffyddlawn Iesu; Sylfaeuiad Egrlwys--Crist ar graig <f Na ddichon Draig ei drygu ? y Bibi. Am Arl-gyfodiad gwir fab Duw Goruwch poh rhyw ofidi Ac am ddy fodiad Crist i'r Fara Pa lyfr sy'n cadarn bron ? IY Bibl. Pa tyfr sy'n,gwnetittiur Ffol yn -,all, Can agor dealt dlwyd; JZglnro sail crediniaeth iawn j A Rheol uniawn Fy wyd ? Y Bibl. GAN RYNNY. Boed itni ro(lio 'n deg (irwy Ff)dd, Nes delo dydd marwolaeth Gan ogoneddll Brenhin Nef A chreda cref athrawiaeth Y Bibl. DAFYDD DDU 0 ERYIlT.

To the Editor of the ivalev oaette. MJMBER XIII. The Author next proceeds to prove that the char^ of corrupt.on made by Gildas is im Iounaed, which he thus explains. As Pela- gianism did not exist when A came ZT ?ade aJ»tea ofacc„sa- Had hl8 bee" tempered with any de gree ot moderation, it might have been es- teemed of some weight." it does not appear what accusation is here alluded to, whether m itic by Gildas or Austin most probably the former, for the succeeding sentence begins with a most unfoullded alltl prcripitatc aser- tion. "The Rhodomontade ot the spurious Gildas is a farrago of ignorance and malignity and what Bede said, &c." The continuation of this passage is totally inexplicable. it there had been any corruption, he proceeds to state, it muni have been totally suppressed bv Germanus at his second coming- in the time of Vortigern. and hike-warm Chilians, and those attached to Druidism, may have fallen away when Voritgern introduced the Saxons, fhe Bards may also have blended their tenets ■w.ln Christianity. Hence he concludes ihat the charge of corruption made by Gildas. as existing in his t.me, ,s fate. The strength of the argument rests upon this. Germanus must be considered as having put such a final stop to corruption, as to leave no poss.bilitv of its being revived: and in the next place, the Druids may be supposed tu have relmquished their tenets, when the Saxons came over.-— These suppositions are no less repugnant to probability, than they are to history. Druid ism had long since disappeared, as the able author of the iflo7ta Anliqua lias proved and as to the mission of Ge, it Aas never before suspected that he had any other object in view than to refute Pefagiauism nor is il to be supposed that with ail his miracles, he could have stemmed in so short a time, a ge- neral corruption 111 the Church. To such a latitude of conjecture does the author give way, till he comes at last to tioneddy Saint, or the genealogy of British Saints, upon the atlthorily of which he states that between the years 400 or 600, there was an active zeal in favour of Christianity, which completely con- tradicts the calumny of Giidas. The meagre extract, upon which this assertion is founded, is no more than" That the families of t yn edda, Bryciian, and Caw, are called the three holy families of Britain, for-bringing up their children sons to teach the Faith to the Cymru, where they werewithollt faith." This adive zeal was in the persons of Gildas, St. David, illtutus, and a few more. These arc in all prohability those very persons, whom Gildas ranks among the exceptions to the general character of that i,,e, exceptis pf/ucis, el valde paucis. His. Gil. 26. But does the zeal and activity of these three families pro; e that there was no corruption in the Church, and that the epistle of Gildas is replele with falsehoods or can any other deduction he drawn from it than that it strongly corn.bo ratts the testimony of Gildas by shewing the necessity of a reform ? 21 The next discussion, which occurs in this learned dissertation, is to prove that the llrit- ish{ hut ch was entirely free from the doctrines of the Church of Rome. This lie endeavours to show from the works of Taliesm, in which, fie says, ii,, ii,aces exist of the invocations of Saints, or the Virgin, or the veneration of the cross. That the British Chiii-cli did not con form to that of Rome in the time of Augus- tine is sufficiently evident from the subsequent history, without having recourse to the mys terious productions of the bards In proving Ins, however, the author takes it for granted that the doctrines of the Church of Rom" were as corrupt in the time of Tatiesin as they afterwards became, and therefore because those fragments of his works, which are intel- ligible, do not contain any allusion to them, he concludes that the British church was pure and totally independent of that of Rome. fit tins specimen ol logic there are two inconsistencies. In the hrst place, the church of Rome was not so corrupt as it is imagined, and secondly, had it been so, the silence of Taliesin upon the peculiar tenets of that Church, in the few remallling parts of his works which are capable of being translated, cannot be construed into a proof, that the British Church was not infecLed by tiieiii.- From the time of Augustin lill (he twelfth century tne author cousiders as an age, dis- linguished for Romish persecutions, and as serts that during the IV hole of this period,the advocates for the See of Rome endeavoured to extirpate it, because it was a permanent exception to the Pope's supremacy. This I proposition, like all the preceding, is proved i by a variety of conjectures. The ravages I committed on ttiewelsit coasts by the Saxons and Danes are attributed to the exertions of the Romish Pries!s, and these Pirates consi- dered as acting under the influence and at the coittroutof the Church of Rome, ami employ- i ed in plundering Ihe Welsh Churches, in or- der to establish Popery! Such a supposition is certainly favourable to the author's theory, but it is a supposition which history does tio; bv any means authorize us to make. To attribute religious motives to the barbarities committed at different times on the Welsh coasts, is not consonant to probability, or the tenor ot history. No one ever imagined he- fore that the Danish Pirates were in the ser vice of the Popes. Their ravages were no: confined to the coasts of Wales alone, bu' were felt in differeut parts of Europe, rii( next argument is, that the journey of Arch bisliol) Bildwiii was in reality undertaken with a %-It w of establishing Popery, tinder an os tensible pretext of preaching the crusade.- Giraldus, who attended him, is said to have been ignorant of the real cause of his journey, but the author of the Collectanea CambricaA though living in the nineteenth century, has much more penetration than Giraldus, and has by dint of laborious research, discovered in it the insidious designs of a Roman Eccle- siastic 1 Such is the author's theory, and such are the arguments in support of it. The whole British history must be accomodated to it, and curtailed or enlarged as occasion may require. Even a great portion of the Chronicle must be expunged, as an interpolation of the adher ents to the Church of Rome, because some favourable allusions are made to the Romans. Gildas must be condemned in lolo fordcdaring that there were no British records extant in his time. The disappearance of the Moelmu tian laws must be allrihllted to Monkish zeal. Brutus must he made a copper-merchant from the south of, in order that hIs extraction may not be Roman. The massacre of the monks of Bangor must be imputed (o t!ic jealoiiq y of file church, and Baldwin's peregrinations ascribed to the same cause, and lastly, the Danish plunderers must be placed in the employ of Antichrist I Baiigoi-. J. J.

AGRICULTURE. This range of hilly ground, which diversi fit's III the most striking manner the sides of this delightful vale, which m some places swells in full unbroken masses, with variegat- ed colouring, in others, raises suddellly up- wards rugged fragments of uncovered rock, might, were the baud of to per. form its office, make this part of the priuci pility, a scene of the most luxuriant beauty There are brows on these hills which (he plough cannot reach, or where its labour would not be rewarded which equally by their sittiitioll and their soil, are fitted to rear timber. This is So obviously the only use to which they can he put, that the travel ler who takes time to look around him, must lament the nakedness they display. He will lament the more in a scene, where ihe hand of nature, and the toils of the husbandman have done so much to admiuister to bis de- light; where the contrast of broken rocks and swelling hills, with plains in the richest culti- vation and where the cultivation, breaking with irregular steps the bleakness of the hills, sometimes left at their base, sometimes climb in on their sides, concur to f\>rm an exqui- sitely varied landscape How much would it add to the scene, were the rich corn iields to rise info the bosom of woods stretching with various length down towards theplalll were some of the barest summits to escape above their verdure; and were the beautiful waters of the ocean seen through openings made thus picturesque ? Neither would such exertions in the country he unprofitable nor is the id'1 of making thelll visionary. Independently oi the vallie of the wood (alld it is well known how soon if does become valuable) it tends, by affording shelter, tOlocllOrate the land into a state of t illage. From every appear aure It is also probable thai the soil, winch cannot be ploughed, might h"ar a rich cover- I tug of wood. From experience indeed, little can be said, for the district can boast ot few attempts to plant trees; but where sagacity I and taste have made the attempt, and conli nued the sanall a)tent)on necessary for success, they nave been in general rewarded with a considerable recompence for the labour, and a rich addition to the beauty of the surround iiifc see. e In as far as tile beauty of the country is concerned, it would he rather de- sirable that, in some spots they should tail entirely. The irregularity thus produced, the wandering in artificial line in which ihefoliagr would then appear, would give an ease to the scenery, which the formal squares and circles, used with such oarliality hy custom to bound plantations, effectually destroy. ftven were the trees not to rise to a great height, the proprietor, though he could not be otherwise enriched by them, would be iii- dehlcd tn the shelter they afforded to his arable lands; and the country would wear almost as rich an aspect, with its hills thus co- vered, as if they werecovered with lofty wood. In a ruggidcountry tIlls is peculiarly beauti- ful. A little distance always gives a fine .effect, even to the poorest plantations; the shortness of the wood the eye cannot then u-cwrately measure while at the same time, the folilge set-IUs deep, and the boldness of the ground towers above its shade. Berlh. EUMCEUS. The cross-roads in this whole district are numerous, badly laid, and kept in wretched condition they also have this disadvantage, illey itle, conducted without any (itilifictiiill, indifferently \1il heights, and down into 1101,- lows. Such attention is not yet paid to the roads in the principality, as is neressary to iiiscovel. how .much better it is to conduct a road round the base of a bill, than over it? summit. The. communication from the rich est parts of with the neigjhouniig market towns, being so easy to the farmer, may account in a great measure for the rise of the value of laud in those parts of the L country. This should serve as an eiH-ouragemetit !o Gentlemen, to exert themseUc-s in making good roads, as ihe greatest improvement, and ¡ best laid out money they can expend upon their eslates as it enables the fanner to pet- form all his labour at much less e.xnence, and Ofcollfse to pay a better rent without dimi- nishing his profits. It may he stated with much conudencc.that in a few years there will be a great improve ment in the breed of cattle; there can be no doubt we shall see cattle brought fat to ,mar kct. weigh upwards of sixty stoneat t wo years old, instead of keeping them until four, or even six years old, which is now too much the custom in all coitiiiics it may be asked what weight, a two year old steer (that weighssixty stones) ought to arrive at by four or six years old, to pay the grazier for food and risk, he sides the money laying dead so long ? every one will allow that a quick return is the life ind soul of husiness. A similar improvement has for some years past taken place in this neighbourhood in bringing sheep, of the new Leicestershire breed, fat to market at 14 or 15 months old several have been sold at TSs. each, and more than 4/. has been obtained by some for sheep of the same age, which weigh 23 and 24lbs. per quarter, as ripe as any mut- ton in the market and their wool will ave rage at least from Ss. to 10s. per head is not this a wonderful weight and price to obtain at so early an age ? a further proof of the great value aud superiority of Swedish turnips,- What would our forefathers think of thisupon what waS originally a common ? even we who liveiii this enlightened agecan scarcely believe it possible. It is a duty every farmer owes to himself and the public, to make the most ofihe vege- table food produced upon his farm, and not suffer caltle which are half fattened in the summer, and two or three years old, to be wintered entirely IIpon straw, and by that mode reduced in the spring to a stale of po- verty, so that evidently there is a less of ve- getable tood, which ought by proper manage 11 el ment to have produced an adequate quantity of animal food. Llandcgla. J. II.

TOTMEj.DtTOR. I It, —— When, in the attainment of any particular object, a multiplicity of circumstances present themselves, all of which, are to be minutely lousaUed there must ever exist an impossi bility of laying down any general rules.- Perhaps this is no where more conspicuous than in agriculture. As it bus pleased the creator to cover the face of this earth, with what 18 called mould soil, or staple, varying very much in ils na lure and degrees of fertility there is conse- quently much left for the judgment and skili of the cul tivator, iii finding out the best me thod ofadapllll to its several qualities, the management ot that portion of it, which may fall to'lus lot. The analysis of the chemist, however clear to htm, is to the farmer as un- satisfactory, as it is mysterious nor can it be expected he will often resort to it. But, he is not without his criteria. His kind friend nature takes great pains to point out to him. the path he should pursue. The rush tells him were to draiii and the brook lime points out to hun a cold, wet clay, which requires his attention. The common nettle shews him j a dry, good loamy soil, wh eh wan's no drain isi r and the marsh-horsetail (equisetum pa lustre of betrays the bog. The fox- ,love a glove discovers a.light, sandy, or gravelly soil, favourableto the growth of peas, carrots,&c.; and the colt's foot tells him where he has been too liberal with his lime f or in other words, where his land is exhausted. The dock be speaks fair, useful land but the way-thistle, or corn-sawwort (Serratula ai vensis) and Ihe couch-grass, give him to understand, where he is to expect the best crops of wheat and beans, or the strongest feeding pastures. All this, however, must he put to tile test of ex penence, before it can be finally depended upon. An indigent tenantry, says a great political writer, is the greatest misfortune to a coun- try and 1 observe in most of >our coramii nicalions on this subject, your correspondents point out this evil, and the badness of the I cross-roads, as the I wo most serious obstacles to the improvement of the principality. Were I to say, the remedy for the one, is as near at al hand, is the remedy for the ther, I should wit-it. credit foi- iity assertion but, Sir, L be iieve il to be Ihe case. The Welch farmer, ,L )rep. Vir. Editor, il 1 may be allowed the fx^res si"lI. commits a sort of felo de se" upon himself. Son progredi, est regredr. He is going backwards, instead of forwards trias much as hecanaot keep pace wilh the burthens of Ihe limes, or, with the advance of his land •ord, unless he avails himseif ofthe principles, upon which, these taxes have been imposeu upon him. The road to improvement of I himself, and of his farm, is open to his view; and it is perfectly straight but, if he stands I still, while olhers ate going on, he must not be surprised, if he is left a long way behind. I vii.,iy, or, it iii;ly not be necessary, to in form some of your readers, that the vegetables ivec-iltivate iii our fields, are divided into ¡ three .classes, viz.* culmiferous, leguminous, and herbaceous. In the first, are included wheat, barley, oats, and rye.—In the second, beans, peas, and vetches and in the third, turnips, potatoes, cabbages, carrots, &C. Is also t he different sorts of grasses. The alter nate growth then of these crops, constitutes the convertible s ystem, i make no apology, Sir, for being thus explicit. I wish these letters to be read by those, who want infor- mation, as well as, by those who have obtain- ed it elsewhere. The advantages of the convertible system I are fourfold. First, it encreases the quantity, and the quality of manure. Secoiidly., It relk ders much less of that article (particularly lime,) necessary to produce a crop. Thirdly, it is essential to the well doing of cattle And fourthly, it. impr- ves the condition, and alters the ratine of land The effect of while crops needs no remark. They all exhaust, but oats more than the rest. Green crops, of all kinds, meliorate laud; and those which are not suffered to seed, slIch as turnips, or vetches cut YOlllI. do rwt exhaust at all. l,et it be remembered, that, if is in the act of formmg-, and maturing; lhe ¡ seed, that deterioration of land lakes place. To keep a farm in heart, or, in the more refined language of the day, in shape," the convertible system is absolutely necessary.— To keep i' quite ctean.the drill is as much so: although the former will contribute to a great degree, towards this desirable end, without Ilhe assistance of the latter. Let us look, however, I o I heir mutual advantages. I Nature is fond of variety. In the one then, she is indulged. ■But perhaps the benefits of a green crop (particularly turnips or vetches) are in no re- j sperl vnore conspicuous, lliau in the relief the land experiences, in being shaded by their luxuriant foliage, from the scorching heat of tliesuu which most materially injures it, by exhalation of ils nutritive properties; to which is to be added, that, very few weeds can exist under them, when deprived by the same cause of light and air. In the drill culture, land cannot he foul.— Hardy and vigorous as weeds are, they cannot hear being wounded two or three times over, at the very time, when they are at the height j of vegetation, aud abounding with sap. If I may be allowed the expression, they bleed to death. What chance could a weed have in my correspondent's turnip field, who informed me in his letter, dated July 7th, that he had then hoed IJiree times over i and what advan- tage, to say nothing of the turnips, must his land have reaped, had this been a hot season, by being so early protected from the sun ? A veryspiriled agriculturist in this county, Mr. Wakeman, of the Hotel, at Carnarvon, told me he always sowed his turnips on old Midsummer day. It is much too late. If intended for winter consumption, ihat operation should never be delayed beyond the last week in May, or ihe first in June. The land not being ready, is no excuse. ( Exclusive of the advantage to the plant, (particularly the Ruta bager, or Swedish) the early seed-lime affords a remedy against the (1y not only by admittingoi asecond attempt should the first fail, but, by giving it a chance of throwing out the fourth leaf, before those insects make their appearance, as it is then no longer their food. The seed should be changed every year, find deposited three inches deep and should be drilled if possible, on account of the facility of hoeing th first lime for doing which, nature points out, viz. when the fifth leaf is thrown out. The first thinning should leave them about six, and the last, fifteen inches asunder. The Swedish tur- nip is a shyer bearer than the common white. or Norfolk oval, but is invaluable, on accollut of its withstanding the effect of frost. I have left no roon) to say a word abotil rotations, which, I must leave to another op portunity hut 1 am anxious to enforce the cultivation of green crops, as the basis of all good agriculture and 1 have no hesitation in pronouncing, that, it will be found upon experience, as beneficial to lite farmer and to his farm, as the usual course oj succeeding corn crops, is ruinous to the one, and impovet ishing to the other. AGRICOLA. N. B. A good crop of turnips will produce el forty cart loads, or as many tons, and will fat- teli,twenly siiiall sheep. » In botany this class is included ia tl1 last.

ANECDOTE OF BONAPARTE. When Bonaparte was examining the great pyramid with Denon and others, a Messenger arrived at the entrance, with information that the Turks had landed in great force on the coast. Without returning to Cairo, Bonaparte ordered Kleber to join him with the troops there as a reserve, as rapidly as possible, and arrived Ihe next night at Aboukir, lo command those that had been collected for him ivith his Generals Latiues, Mural, and Mar-mont,<ffbo accompanied uim,were lusinterpre er and his interpreter's brother, an artist. They were all in the same lent with their commander and when eery thin- wa» arranged for the approaching fight, lay down t„ t|leir cloaks around him to repose.—Tins artisi (from, whom I had the anecdote) lold me he never in his life "was near Bonaparte, without being: impressed hy his profound and terrible head — and now more Ulan ever theassocia'ions heitio- peculiarly interesting, from the time of the night. the approach of a battle, and the Ge- neral only awake, with a single lamp, he found himself so irresistibly attracted by his features, that hecould ot.sleep curious to observe whether BvuapadewouJd slecpl|)im. self, he kept his alliuide of apparent r and silently tixed his eyes on iiim with all eaer and breathless anxiety. It was now the very depth of midnight, and to the rumbling of artillery and the rattling of arms bad succeeded the most gloo?' y and horrid silence !-— Al ler a considerable pause, during winch Bonaparte was hanging over a map, he leaned his pare and hollow cheek on his hand Ihe lamp lil. leriug on Ins broad forehead, while his eyes burning in theshadow of their sockets,gleamed with a tense and lustrous fierceness—he looked at his wiilch, then walked to the door of, iiis leLI, and earnestly observed the das k and still horizon t ten returned, put his watch on the table,and dwelt on itsechoii.g and solitarv tirk with irritated agony in a few minute" he strode again to the opening of his tent, and again returned disappointed, for Nature was proceeding w,ti) accustomed regiiiari,v, unin- fluenced by his turbulent haste He now took the lamp, and holding it above his head, looked round on those who were sleeping the arllslinslanlly shill his eyes, as if asleep like the rest; while Buonaparte, deceived, teplaced the lamp, aid perfectly uncon- scious of being observed, Yielded to his feelings without restraint -his whole frame began to shake with a restless Impalience-he seemed weary of waiiin the regular process of Nature—he seemed longing to have lime and eleroily in his grasp, that he might wield or coutroul them as he willed, for his pur- poses —unable to compose himself, he dug the table with a pair ot compasses in agitated spasm, and appeared inwaidly to curse the irrevocable limits of being !-How justly would this enthusiastic eagerness have been enobled, had the object been elevated and virtuous; but degraded by its feroci y, we consider it only as the restless turbulence of a tyrant, who haled delay, the consequence of any will hut his own, though the consequence of even the systematic regularity of Nature. Kxcited nearly to madness by his fiery agita- tion, he rushed once a ain 10 the door, when, as if in pity to this victim of passion, lie day dawned on his heated face with a smiling and beaming freshness the mists of the morning were rolling away as the light glittered on the rotundity, and nature began to aw.tke from her drowsy stupor with a sort of stirring hum, that indicated life, though nothing was heard distinctly. Bonaparte extinguished the lamp, and, with an energy thai marked his delight, roused his Generals-mounted his horse—rode through his soldiers, telling them an army of Turks existed near-them, and by ten he expected they existed no longer '-T/i: battle shortly after commenced, and by ten, indeed, nothing remained of his gorgeous enemies, but the melancholy and shadowy remem- brance

Our fashionables seem to be quite at vari. ance as to their hours. Some we find brcak- fast at five iu the afternoon, and others have tea parties at nine in the evening. What be- comes of dinner between these two we know not; but supper we are told, is always the day following. J. Youell, seedsman, of Yarmouth, has hy a peculiar mode of cultivation, obtained gooseberries of all extraordinary size, and this season they measure three inches and a half in circumference, and two inches and a quarter in length—the plants are so burdensome with fruit, that many of the branches arc broken from the extreme weight.

TIDE TABLE FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. > I ¡ £ 5 Z £ j HVAS SANDS.1 a & « 5 Q £ £ <a H k S > ■* S a; — S g > O £ ^0 May 6e crossed 3 j S a a £ j 2^ fe y hours after high « £ &= £ 3 2 5 S a » « ■- ™ter and conti- M y *< «o nuc sa^ 4 hours, ~dZ7~ JITZJi tlisk I HiSh liigh High Hi*h Holidays. Water- Water j Water Water Water Water tJOliaayi>. AUGUST. ( IT. M. H. M. H. V. | H. M. I?. M. II. M. Thursday. 5 1 54 2 54 3 34 4 24 4 44 5 21 Friday, 6 2 42 3 42 4 24 5 12 5 32 6 12 Saturday 7 | 3 30 4 30 5 10 6 0 6 20 7 0 Sundav 8 4 18 5 18 5 58 6 48 7 8 7 48 8th S. af. Trin. Monday 9 5 6 6 6 6 46 7 36 7 56 8 36 Tuesdays. 10 5 54 6 54 7 34 8 24 8 44 9 24 Wedneday.11 6 42 7 42 8 -22 9 12 9 32 1 10 12 BANGORS Printed and Published by J. Broster. Orders, for this paper, are received in London-* New ton & Co. (late Tayler & Newton,) 5, War- wick-square-aud J, Wllite, 33, Fleet-street,