North Wales Gazette

For the North Wales Gazette. Long; is the busy scenes of life, Where strife arid envy dweH; I ]'\e sought for peace, and found it not, Save in my native rldI. There purest pleasure, .softest bliss, JV!y tranquil days attend l.IcssM in a lowly, humble cot, ]',less'(] witti a ten-Ifer fricii(l. My mind's at ease, ne'er does my heart, With rending sorrow swell; For conrent, has !ix'd her beat, 11, my dear native dell. Beaumaris. R. R.

For the North IVales Gazette. NUMBER IV. Among the minor objections to the genuine- ness of Gildas, the principal one is, that he-calls the Latin tits own. It appears from Tacitus that this was the language generally spoken in this country: and IIcnee the writing's of T"liesl!I arc a strange mixture of Laliu and the British and therefore Gildas might be allowed to call it his own language without incurring the odious imputation of f;) v onrillg r, the papal pretensions. The author's arguments are altogether so destitute of solidity, that it would be quite unnecessary to enlarge upon them, ns it would lend only to detect the fanciful impressions of a misguided imagina- tion. I shall, therefore, proceed to explain the gcncral ten or and sl y Ie of G i Idas; in which attempt I hope to prove that the history is a very valuable and highly interesting produc- tion, bearing internal evidences of authenti city, and the style far from being inelegant. In the commencement of his history, Gildas states liis'intei)tioilofrecoi-diii- the "calamities which his country endured during the times of the Roman Emperors, and had brought upon other remote nations." This is the subject uponwhichhHcomptiunsofadehciencyof local information. The confession is remark- ably candid and honest that if such records did exist, they were either destroyed by their enemies, or carried off by the exiles." fit this assertion the author fancies he perceives the most "markedcalumny, and roundly declares that this passage was" intended by the lloman Catholics to make the Welsh Clergy neglect all their ancient history, and submit, by these means, more readily to.the Papal power." Thill strange deduction has not the slightest connection with the assertion of Gildas, nor does it appear how the authority of the Pope could be in the least affected by it. But let us see how the author proves that the passage is false, and that there really did es-st authentic records of the Brilish history during these titileg. He produces all Elegy supposed to be written by Gildas, from the fag-end of an old musty manuscript in Wynstay Library, (which | however he might have found in Fordun's history,) in winch liruli poslerilas, is barely mentioned, and an allusion m ule to a prophecy of Merlin, promising success to the unit-d British and Scotch arms against the Saxons. That tins Elegy was the work of Gildas is very suspicious, but allowing it to be genuine, docs it in the slightest respect prove that there were written records of the British history, or does it in any degree militate against the assertion of Gildas, that there were no records upon the subject he was writing about? The author observes in it thegrossestiuconsistency, and asks is it possible thallhe person should in his history declare that the Britons had no records, and in his poems refer to a prophecy which belongs to the most early period of the national history ?" When the imagination is under no controul it will deviate into the wildest vagaries, and it would be needless to attempt to accompany it in its career. The prophecies of Merlin, and particularly that portion of them mentioned in theelegy,belong to the very period m which Gildas himself lived, and the tradition of Brutus appears to have been fabricated before his tire so that the Elegy has nothing to do with the existence p- of British records, nor does the hare mention of Brutus by Giidas attach the feast credibility to the Brut. If we enquire what became oj these supposed British records, we shall have the following answer, nhich exceeds all tht. conjec t u res o f m od e ri) ti mes, iz that Po Iydore Virgil may he tuppomd to have carried a ship load of them from thiscountiy, vide Coll. Cam. 214. Gildaa's design was to record the calamities whiclijliisconnlry enduredduring the times of Ihe Roman Emperors: and this he has done most tnlly Had it been his intention to give a succinct account of the Roman trans actiuiis, and <he contemporary British history, he might even then justli complain of a scan- tiness <>f mati rials. t he following enumera t'ou of the liriti(-tl,.al stili.iects treeled ill th.s history, will Uuire to shew that the object, which Gildas has accomplished ed in a very regular, copious, and uniform manner. 1. The subjugation of Britain, and its final reduction to a Romish provnee. 2 The horrors of the D ocesinn persecution. s rtie iiiii-od ct,.(,tt ,t tioctriiies. which in alt probability laid Hie foundation of the Pelagian heresy, 4. The tyraniiii il proceedings of Maximus, by whom the Country was drained 01 its re sources, and became a prey to barbarous 11 a tions. 5. The intrusion of the Picts and Scots, and the devastation of the country. 6. A dreadful famine which was succeeded by a plague, and a very great mortality 1. The Saxon invasion, aud the annihilation Itilill of the British government, and the (iifii)Ct.toll of the wretched inhabitants. Such IS the series of evenfs, which occiir in I this short hislory. It isev denily (tie produc- tion of a person highly interested iu what he writes, and an eye-witness of a great part ol it: and therefore tlltlsthe considered as the genuine work of Gildas, fill some substan- tial reasons can be produced to liie contrary However objectionable the opinions illitill tained by the author of the Collectanea am brlca may be, it must be confessed that Ins exertions in promoting Welsh Literature, by laborious researchesinto antiquity, are highly meritorious. It is not, therefore, from any motives of personal disrespect that I have published my remarks on his last production, but because under the sanction of so respecta be a name, a variety of conjectural stale- ments have been substituted in the room of weii-auihenticated facts, upon grounds which appeared to me to be totally devoid of proba- bility, a d -alculated to produce the wildest, confusion in the primitive history of this conn try. Nor was it with a view of favouring the Catholic cause, that I undertook to defend the works of Gildas, which have not the most distant connection with Popery, except ill the of the author; hot because I can produce the most salisfarlory evidence that they are genuine and authentic. To the charge of illiberally, I have only to appeal to the. judgement of those who have considered my remarks as worthy of a perusal, and should | thillk it much more libeiaj in the author to I)oitit oi-it the of ulli(.Il lie complains, lhan assert what 1 am conscious he cannot prove. As to the stale objections of Gabu and the Mihian bridge I am sorry to find he cannot advance a step further, and place his artillery in a more advantageous po- sition. If the author can controvert any of the assertions which I have made in the course of my communications, it will prove, whatl presume to stale, a simple reference to his Book will not prove, t! at the Collectanea Cam- bric a can stand (he tesl of an Enquiry. Bangor. J.J. '0-

DESTRUCTION OF Ttn, OflDEft OF J JiSU ITS. These pcsliferou and tlloody minded men, after havmg bore an unlimited sway, in Spain aud Portugal, were at length humbled in the dust, and their sanguinary order abolished A conspiracy for tlie assassination of the King of A. 1). 1758, under the guidance of some principal Jesuits, occasioned the ex- pulsion of their whole order from that king dorn. Iu 1761 some fniuiluleut mercantile transactions, in which the Jusuits had been engaged, drew the attention in France of the civil power. In the following ye.ir the perni- cious tendency of their writings furnished new changes. These discussions at length dragged to light the hitherto concealed institute or rules of their order, replete with maxiros sub- versive of social pence, good order, and mo rality. Their colleges were seized, their ef- fects confiscated the order was Qxtingnishcd in France,and all its members were banished. In the Spanish Empire in Paraguay, a similar fate overwheimed them; and the suppression of the whole order was obtained, A D. 1773 from the Pontiff Clement XIV. But a storm was in the meantime gathering against chria- tianity ilself- In e'ugland there had risen a succession of sceptical or deistical writers, who had in various ways carried on, with little apparent concert, their attacks against the religion of Christ. Some assailed the out works, some !he strong holds, some proceeded openly, somc more covertly and ill disguise. Their publications speedily crossed the chan- nel and found on the continent, particu- larly in Fiance, hands ready to sharpen and to brandish every weapon with which they should be furnished — It now appears from an accumulation of unquestionable documents, and more especially from the acknowledged works and correspondence of Frederick King ol Prussia; of that Frederick, lo whom the itle of Great will henceforlh bcollly a decper brand of infamy, that the enemies of the Gos- pel, have, during many years, been uniied in one firm, widely extended, and regularly me thodizing confederation, for the express pur- pose of exterminating by fraud and by force the name of Christianity from the earth. But with respect to genuine Christianity, that reo ligion, against which the gates of hell shall not prevail," we know that every effort of hu- ev man guile and human malice is but an addi- tional link in that chain of events, by which the enemies of God, are unconsciously for- warding his purposes; an addItional step in that determined progressions, by which, amidst the shock of nallons and convulsion of umpires, the kingdoms of this world shall become the kingdoms of pur J..ord and of Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever. We have witnessed, the great avidity and ea- gerness with which the blasphemous books of am Paine were circulated, even into the mines and the bowels of the earth, by persons who were enamoured with his doctrines, or by self-iuterested Booksellers, and their agents, to every class of society, ft is astonishing to think,that any respectable man in trade should have recourse to such a means to obtain pro- fil.-But lile Lord -1 laugheth them to scorn" ,i,id their deeds will follow them But by ¡fIlN, their infamous traffic they have hetrayed, either a profound ignorance of the Scriptures, or a meditated dejigu to overturn the Chris- tian Religion.

TY'{ AM YR HYS SVDD I DDYFOD. I rh.ii syd'? am ne-*yddion da, I nuin'y "iia» r prophwydo wna t'et y Si rydiiion am y bin "Wrth Planedau 'n n-oi a lhrio. Os y !y » Sp. yn d'weud yn siwr, P'am ¡¡oel i minnau fel i Mwr?» Rwyl) fila 'n awr, yx ireio'm Haw, Pwy wyr na dd'weiiai b¡>th a <!daw. Fe ddaeth y llynedd bron ir llawr, Y seren wytlt gynffinog fawr: lir bod yn Ffreiuig tF>r;iig ffrom; Aetti ar ei (iiii i eitha 'rlloin. Mae etfo 'n bod yng-og-ledd barth, Serenau oer vn y mawr Arth, A ( h vda 'r Ser sy ymhen y ddralg; Arlwyo maent i Bona saig. Rwy 'n credu diffydd rhain yn Ian, Y Seren wihiog lawn o d n Ond tan fy'ni bron mae calon brydd Fy"in I)ro lur bach yft gwaedu fyd(l. A'u fi,ylfi,)A -yrph o wae(Ilyd wedd, O gaiOr eu tluchio i ffos y bedd 0 Arglwydd tros'ynt elyw fy'm cri, A'u eiiei,iau (terb)*n di. Fe ddaw en gelyn mawr tan draed, A'r dydd i fferrn 'r poethlyd waed; J N;i ddelo by th ei farh i'r byd, ) heni lladd a bwrw Hid. 0" s;iii lair Planed yn 'run blaid, vfl t iieij !"ry,laiii wrth ea rhaid. ■Aeera>t! t ogwy ddo draw Anfurbif dd'wedyd beth a ddaw. By Id heddwch braf i frJn a bro, Arc i-ia vr drais yn hyfryd dro ] weii.iau 'n fwyn friwiedig fyd, A dwya arehoHion inawr ynghyd. Melldithir byth y tan a'r mwg, A'r sorriant roes y Seren ddrwg: {;âc¡ fjJd yr enw tra ho'r liyd; Gail eu drigolion bron eu gyd. A Enw Brydain fydd yn h§r, HI gafod, nawdd daionus Ner: Dioddefudd utewn amynedd tnawr; Nes oeri V Seren danHyd" wawr. Fe ddaw y byd yn ol j'w bwyll, Ar ior neii riir ni fydd fafh dwýll; Na chatfeld gelyn dyn mo'r gwall; 4 yrru 'r naill i Hall y llall. Nid ydwyf siccir na chaf senn, Am son am beth o ddaw., i hen Ond f hwi Gewch weled cyn pen hit; Os methais beth hydd peth yn wir. Beau maris, Moor. P.

TQ the Editor of the Aorth Ifales Gazette. FIR. MUCH to the credit of the North Wales Ga- ze", scarcely a week elapses without its containing soma useful remarks upon Agri-, culture-whirh may well be said to be in its hflllCY in the country through which your piper is circulated. On the other hand, it behoves every man who wishes well to his country, to correct any observatiolls it might contain, which tend to mislead the farmer.— la your iasl there is a long and well-written article, signed CAIARM, upon this important subject, and concludes with the following sentence, viz. 41 A more favourable rotation would be highly advtzntag-eoits a great deal more in Krass, and less in tillageNow, Sir, tins directly militates against the doctrine of the present day, which, with the exception of rich feeding pastures, or good meadow, re- comm.ends breaking up all indifferent grass I nu!—which,exclusive of sheep-walk, abounds in the principality. The great desideratum in agriculture 18 10 produce the largest quau. tiy of food from a given quantity of I;itid- and this can only be accomplished by that judicious course of husbandry winch consists in alternate crops fo)- man and beast. Under tins system, the idltferellt pasture iand will, in six years course, besides its share of corn and illrn;ps, produce as mucfi grass as it did ii) its former stale, in the whole of the six years. Should you favour me with the inser- tion of this, i will, when more at leisure, of fer you some farther remarks upon this sub- ject—as also upon Mr. Gregg's system of f irming, which 1 have lately had an opportu- nely of witnessing the excellence of, particu Jariv upon wet clay lands. Carnarvon. AGRICOLA. —

METHOD OF VV ASH ING WOOL IN SPAIN I the month of Aprii, ;ne sheen begin tore ttji I, froui ti.e plains to the mountains. In M-iy are shorn, an operation of considerable magnitude HI .SPAIN.-cause it is performed in great buildings capable of receiving whole of 40, 50, and soine'imes 60,000 sheep The sheep siit arin^ is a time of rejoicing, both I,) the owner and workmen. A hundred and elity-ti, workmen are necessary to she,-I). EMh sheep "produces four sorts of wool, mop or less fine. In the neighbourhood of Segovia, aresevera: sheer ing-hons:\s—(Ksqinle- s.) — V hen the shearing is finished, 1¡<cWool is partly m sde up i'.i bags. cent t" the sea-ports, and hi,l'd withou1 any other preparation parsl., to the washing or places in d>Kerent parts of Castile. There are several in the district of Segovia, the principal of which is that of Orsijosa, or Orejos. All the wool used in the Rf ) d Ma- nufactory of San Fernando, in Guadahxara, where the famous cloths of Vigotiia arc made, is scoured in this quarter. The quantity an- nually scoured here is (or rather was) about 30,000 arrobas (of 25lbs each) heiug five hundred tons, which, by this operation, is re- duced to almost the half. The situation could not have been better chosen it is very qljn, I- ous, and forms a kind of basin, the inner di- visions of which are mead ws, on an easy de. clivily, which terminate in one common cen. Ire, and are fully open to the rays of the sun. The Wool is carried ihither, each fleece as it was first made up from the sheep. III this form it is given to the Sorters (ApaJ tadores) who divide Ii into four heaps of different qua- lities. They are so accustomed to this bust ness. which requires a long apprenticeship, that they can tell, at first sight, from what part of the animal each lock has been taken The coarsest is sold for the benefit of souls in purgatory 5 for, in Spain, religion is connect- ed with every thing. The other three sorts, thus separated, are extended upon wooden hurdles, where they are spread, beaten, and cleansed from the dust and dirt; they are af- terwards taken to the washing place. As soon as the water 111 the great copper, which is of an enormous size, is on the point of boiling, it is let out by two great spigots that open or shIll certain pIpes by which it iscouvejed into three square wells, lined with hewn stoi.e, and about three feet deep. The hot wafer falls upon a bed of wool which covers the bottom of the well. The wool thus disposed is turned in every direction by three men, one to each well. Each sort of wool is washed separately and according to its fineness, requires the wafer to be more or less heated. — After this first operation the woo! is again spread upon hurdles, to drain off the water, and with it the filth which it has begun to dissolve. These hurdles are placed in the interval of three or four feet, which separates the stone walls from the narrow acqueduct also of stone, through which runs a stream of cold water. A man placed at the cntiance of the aqueduct receivt's the- wool, and throws it ill, while five iiM-'n, who stand by the side below the firsi man, press and rub it with their feet as it passes, aud send it from one to-the other. Still lower down-are other workmen who stol) it iu its passages, throw it on a stone slope. A net at the extremity of the acque- dtict retains the wool, carried away by the current.-—When the wool is drained, it is spread upon the declivity of the meadows helore-mentioned, and four fine sunny dtys are scarcely sufficient to dry it thoroughly. When quite dry, it i* put into bags and car- ried away. Initial letlel's upon the bags in- dicate 'he sort of wool contained in each and besides these, there is a mark which distin- guishes the flock by which it was finished so that a connoisseur, who saw the bags, would say, that is fine or superfine wool of the Neg. retti, Escnrial, or Bejar flocks.-Uloti a smaller scale, then, this mode consists 111 wash ing the wool, when sorted, ill hot water, by steeping and turning only and afterwards well rinsing it, by pressing it perpendicularly sideways, in a current of clear cold water.

AGRICULTURE. In Wales we cannot boast much of the ex- cellence of our roads, although few places af- ford belter materials. Some of the cross roads are impassible, and several parts of the publie roads stand in need of great repairs. The dif- ferent roads have at first been ill projected.— To travellers they present an emblem of the elevations and depressions which frequently occur in the journey of life. Set much ascent and descent, in so quick succession, and in a space of so few miles, can scarce be met with in any other country. Some Gentlemen in the Principality, sensible of this inconvenience, have thought of planning out other roads, in shorter lines, and more level tracts. Bu the execution will be lahorious It/HI expensive, and to raise a sufifcient, fund would be somewhat difficult As one travels one cannot help being offended at seeing several cart-loads of small stones, which had been gathered off the fields, thrown into a pit or ditch, at the road side, when they might have been better disposed of to fill up ruts and broken places in the middle of the road. There can be no doubt that the farmers would readily apply their gleanings In that rnanner, if the genlle- meu who take a concern in the public roads, wo'uld express a wish for its being done.— The old system of husbandry prevailed titii. versally in this district till within these few years, when the introduction of lime gave itoa new turn. Watering has lately began to be used with munificent success and experience has shewn it to be fit for our meadows. If; they were laid out in the accurate mauner io which they have been done in Wiltshire, and other counties in the south of England, they may ne, allowing for the difference of climate nearly equall y beneficial here Soon afier waier began to be used as a manure, the sowing of turnip and grass seeds was introduced into the atid since this was (lIerall y practised, agriculture has undergone litlle al- teration. Lime is always the first step to im- provement, and the farm is afterwards ina. 11 aged by white and green crops and pasture. Some persons have established a regular rota- tion of crops on their farms; but this is very far froiii being the general practice. The tion of crops on their farms; but this is very far from being the general practice. The shortness of the leases is particularly an ob- stacle to systematic farming. The fallowing rotations appear to he the most proper for this district. Where the land requires pas. fure (which is generally the case) the rotations should I)e-Ist, In light land or loam. first year, oats; second year, turnips, thoroughly horse and hind-hoed; third year, barley or wheat fourth year, clover and grass-seeds; and then pasture as I >ng as t is pr..per.-2d, In strong land, first year, (Yalq second year, beans, thoroughly horse and hand-hoed third year, barley 'I' wheal; fourth year, clover and grass seeds, and then pasture as long as it is proper, in land which is in such order as not to rCØ quire pasture (which is not a common case,) the rotati ms should be—1st lu light or 'loam, first year, oats or wheat; second year, I it riiij) third year, barley fourth year, clo- ver. 2d, In day or strong land, first year, wheat; second year. beans.* third year, oats or barley fourth year, clover. Rilthin. HUGO.

Marshal Bessieres, Bonaparte's Duke of Is- h-ia, was amongst the killed at the battle of Lutzeu. Napoleon, tender hearted soul! has since been condoling with the Maresdiaie, to wlio it he has addressed I he following note: FRO;¡,r THE EMPEROR TO THE !M IRE-SCHACE THE UTCHESS OF ISTRIA.—" My CUUSill, your husband has died io the field of honour- You,r loss, and that of your children, is cer- tainly great, but mine is still greater. The Duke of 1 stria died the noblest of deaths, and without suffering. He has left a reputation without blemish,* the fairest inheritance he could bequeath to hIs cnildren. They have acquired my protection, and they will also in- herit the affection which I bore to their fa. ther. Find in all these considerations motives of consolation to alleviate your sorrow, and never doubt of my sentiments of regard to- wards you: this leiter having no other end than to assure joii of it, I pray God to have you, my Cousin, in his holy and worthy keep- ing.—From our Imperial camp at Colditz, May 6.i An American seaman taken in the American schooner Revenge by the lelh Poule, 36, 01/ finding he was to go to Mill Prison, discovered hims If to be a woman, and that she had worn men's clothes these three years. She was exa- mined, and sent to the hospital to be clothfd. The account she gives of herself is as follows t -Going coast ways with her master, mistress, and family, about three years since, the ves- sel was wrecked, and all on board perished except herself. She was naked, and finding the dead body of one of the seamen lying on the land, she conceived the idea of dressing herself III man's apparel, and then begged her way as a shipwrecked seaman to the nearest sea-port. She got relieved, and also got em- ployment as a landsman on board a vessel, and from thence into the lievenge schooner, on breaking out of the war. She says her share of prize-money and wages is about 200 dollars. She wishes to be sent home to her native country, which, it is hoped, will be granted her. She has a comely face, sun- burnt, as well as her hands; and appeared, while in men's clothes, a decent, well-looking young mall.

COPPER ORE Sold at TRURO, on Thursday, May 20. Mines. Tons. Purchasers. A t per Ton. Wbcal Unity 1ST English Co. X9 112 0 ditto 128 Crown Co. 7 14 0 ditto 126 ditto R 13 6 ditto 123 English Co. 12 4 6 ditto 120 Cheadle W. & G. 6 2 6 ditto 119 Crown Co. 8 10 ditto 117 ditto 6 12 0 ditto 109 ditto 6 16 0 ditto 81 Cheadle W. and G. 5 7 0 ditto 80 Crown Co. 5 6 0 Poldice He B. W. & Rose Co. 7 12 6 St. George 79 Danieli Co. 6 6 0 ditto 21 ditto 3 10 Toial 1356 tons. n TIDE TABLE FOR THE ENSUING WEEK, £ t z t a UAVAN SANDS. s £ -<5 c> 110 £ S h H ? "5 s 5 8i 2 — p w«5.0?w 3 2 r*)*fe*u o Maybe crossed S 5 >• 2 B <s « ^J«5?Zfe, S ^o«rs a/ifer AieA < b S < o < BJJ t » ivc'er, andconti- j ta o t> a si nuesafe 4 hours. < » 1 I s High I High I High ¡ High J-ligll ( .JJtglt I i Day. TVater | Water Water Water Water 1 Water Holidays. June. j h. m. | h. m. h. «. h. m. h. m. ( h. m. 1 Thursday S 10 42 11 4? 12 22 I 12 1 32 I 2 121 Kings B. Day. ( Friday, 4 I i 30 12 30 I 10 2 0 2 20 3 0 j I Saturday 5 12 18 1 18 1 58 I 2 48 3 8-3 48 6th S.af. Easter. I Sunday 6 | I # 2 6 2 46 3 36 j 3 56 4 36 Monday 1 1 54 2 54 3 34 4 24 | 4 44 5 24 Tuesday S 2 42 3 42 4 24 5 12 j 5 32 6 12 Wednesday. 9(3 30 | 4 30 4 10 6 0 | 6 20 7 0 | BANGOR: Printed and Published by J. Broster. Orders, for this paper, are receive in London, b" Tayler aDII New,011, Warwick-square—and J. Wiit.e, 33, Ficet.,strect.