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| £ GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS. THE VEGETABLE TONIC. IT IS PRESCRIBED BY PHYSICIANS, RECOMMENDED BY ANALYSTS, APPROVED BY CHEMISTS. DEMANDED BY PATIENTS, AND PRAISED BY ALL WHO HAVE TRIED IT. THE VEGETABLE TONIC. Ccnhinø- Quinine, Sanaparilla, Gentian, Burdock, Saffron, Lavendar and Dandelion. lteeovnmeftded for Weakness, Nervousness, and Indigestion. These Bitten have been before the public for nearly 20 years, and tho pre- paration is so much appreciated in all places where it has been given a fair trial that the demand for it is increasing day by day. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS. GWILYM EVANS* FITTERS. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS. THE BK8T REMEDY OF THE AGE. RECENT TESTIMONIAL. WEAKNESS. HAS DONE MORI GOOD THAX AWY JfEMCiaflC I HAD EVEK TltlEn BEFORE. Mr J. Young, of 107. Laxton-etreet, New Brompton, Chatham, writing to a ifriend, Otoher 10th, 18U1. fays :— I am pleased to SHY T am mnch better than when you lt-ft, and I thank von very much for i-evidizig tue the" Gwilym Evans' Bitters" handbill. I have taken two bottles, a 2s 9d and a 4s 6d. It has done me more pood than anything I had ever triod before, and I am so pleaded with it that I shall recommend it to every one who comes to see me. OWIL Y M EVANS' BITTERS. -GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS. GWILYM EVANS' BITTERS. BE CAREFUL. 'See that the nams "Gwilym Evan*" ill on the Iraboi, Stamp, and Bottle, without which none is genuine. Sold by all chemists in Bottles at Is I id., 2fI 9d., sad 4s 6d. Cases containing three 4a 6d bottles at 12R 6d per case. Also sent, carriage paid. for the above prioes, to any address by the Proprietors. QUININE BITTERS MANUFACTURING CO., LIMITED, LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES. American Depot:— Mr R. D. WILLIAMS, Plymouth, Penns. A Wonderful Medicine. BEECHAlvrS PILLS ARE universally admitted to be worth a Guinea a Box for Bilious and Nervons Disorders, each a« Wmd and Pain in the Stomach, Sick Headache. Gid- fem, Fulness and Swelling after Meals, Dizziness 88d Drowsiness, Cold Chills, Flushings of Heat, Loss of Appetite, Shortness of Breath, Costivenesa, Scurvy and Blotches on the Skin, Disturbed Sleep, Frightful Dreams, and all nervous and Trembling Sensations, etc. The first doee will give relief in twenty minutes. Every sufferer a earnestly invited to Ary one Box of these Pills, and they will be ae. knowledgedto be WORTH A GUINEA A BOX. For females of all ages these Pills are invaluable, •a a few doses of them carry off all humours, and brine about all that is required. No female should Wwithout them. There is no medicine to be found oqnal to Beeeham's Pills for removing any obstruc- tion or irreinilariLy of the system. If taken accord. mg to the directions given with each box, they wiU own restore females of all ages to sound and robust health. This has been proved by thousands who Have tried them, and found the benefits which are eamrod by their use. "1 For a Weak Stomach, Impaired Digestion, and all Disorders of the Liver, they set like magic, and a few doses will be found to work wonders on the most important organs in the human machine. They strengthen the whole muscular system, restore the long lost complexion, bring back the keen edge of ap. petite, and arouse into aotion with the rosebud health the whole physical energy of the human n%fc. These are FACTS testified continually by Mean bora of all Jssses of Society, and one of the best guarantees to thb Nervous and Debilitatedneea. WFECHAM'S PILI- 4-c eM Largest Sale of mug Patent Medicine in the Beecham's Mi ^ic SOD I* Pills. As& remedy for Coughs in general, Aøth, Bron- efcml Affections, Hoarseness, Shortness of j %th« Tightness and Oppression of the Chests W Ac., these Pills stand unrivalled. They are at owwr offered to the public, and will speedily remrre oppression and difficulty of breath1"* Which nightly deprive the patient of rest Let anjr P'fton Rive BEECHAM'S COUGH PILLS rial, and the most violent Congh will in a short f,me be von&oved. Prepared only, and Sold Wholesale and Retail, by the Proprietor, Thomas Beecham, St. Helena Lan- cashire, in Boxca 9 £ d., Is lid., and 2s 9d. each. Sold by all Druggists and Patent Medicine Dealers everywhere; N. It. -Fall directions are given with each box. 017 FOR THE BLOOD IS THE LIFE." AT 1 LOO ID PU R IF IE Rl fcdFAND RESTORER) For Cleansing and Clearing the Blood from all Impurities, it eannot be too highly recommended. For Scrofula, Scurvy, Eczema, Skin and Blood Diseases, Pimples, and Sores of all kinds it is a never-failing and permanent Cnre. It Cures Old Sores, Cures Sores on the Neck, Cures Sore Legtl, Curea Pimples on the Face. Cures Sourvy, Cures Eczema, Cures Ulcers, Cures Blood and Skin Diseases, Oures Glandular Swellings, Clears the Blood from all impure Matter, From whatever cause arising, It is the only real specific for Goat and Rheumatic Paina. It removes the cause from the blood and bonea. As this Mixture is pleasant to the taste, and warraated free from anything injurious to the most delicate constitution of either sex, from infancy to old age, the Proprietors solicit sufferers to give it a trial to test its value. THOUSANDS OF TESTIMONIALS CLARKirg BLOOD MIXTURK is eSirelr free from any poison or metallic impregnation, doez not contain any injurious ingredient, and is a good, safe, useful m«di«ine."—ALFUEB SWAIX TATLOR, X.D., F,P-B.. Lecturer on Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology. 267, St. Georjre's-road, Hull, Jan. 13,1892. 'I thought it was my duty to let vott knew what Clarke'. Blood Mixtra hi done for mV Aftor goffering far three years with abscesses on my arm and leg, and the doctors not being able to do tManv good. 1 am thankful to say, after taking a few bottles of roar Clarke Bloo<l Mixture, I am restored to perfect fcealth again, and woidd have the whale werld know of your wonderful medicine.—Yours traly, Kiss ^IMTORTI^T AIMCG TO ALL.-CIeanae THA^TIATED R- *»■««* cleans# it whea yrm FOD it onstraeted and dnroiih la the veins cleanse it when H FONL jour feelings will tell von when. Keen roar HFEARF yore, and the health of tba fystam will follow. Sold in bottles 2s. 9d. each, and in eases containing mix times the quantity, lis.—sufficient to .effect a permanent care in the' great majority of long standing eases. By all CHEMISTS and PATENT MEDICINE VBNDHB8 throughout the World, or seat to any •idree* ou receipt of 33 or 132 stamps bv the proprietors, THE LINCOLN AND MIDLAND COUNTIE8 DRUG COMPANY, LINCOLN: Write for «»$ir Pamphlet an «9da and Bleed Disease*, with tall dMrtMaJerflat, *«., to SeereWry, LiaeolnW .r. Linown S44 dodbad OaontMs Drug Company, Lincoln. Sent poet free. TRADE MARK—BLOOD MIXTURE. ASK JOB WDUUTA-R BPOOD xzzrmtB. And doaotha^i^ifli il frtafcsaa MMl^ f f HC1I who intend to Many Mf*3E3S HCIi SMOOLO SBB THE MAGIC MIRROR, fll f |Mi||ltUTitatMlthtlB. Impartaat ALL assr Aa^«ardfrem*vd«j^)Mi9oeceCkit. Fit* pit far ttfro Stampu ABPflMfti
THE FARMERS' CIRCLE.
THE FARMERS' CIRCLE. (BT OWN WITXnf IT.) A Melbourne telegram states that the profits realised by Victorian farmers in 1892 over the exportation of butter amount to X250,000, and are expected to be twice as much during the current year, and £ 750,000 in 1894. The Chester millers and corn merchants have forwarded to the London and North- Western, the Great Western, and the Cheshire Lines Railway Companies a pro- test against the proposed advance of rates, asserting that iu most instances they will seriously interfere with, aDd in some cases entirely put a stop to, their trade. An indignation meeting of agriculturists was held on the subject at Rugby. THE GREAT BREAD MYSTERY. A letter which appears in a Birmingham paper thickens the mystery as to why the price of bread- does not follow the price of wheat. In 1835, citizens of that town could supply their households at a penney a pound, the quotation for wheat then being 39s 4d. per quarter. But now that the latter has fallen to 28s., and even lower. bread costs locally 50 per cent. more; that is, it is 100 per cent. higher than in 1835, in proportion to the price of the material of which it is composed. Who, then, annexes the difference? Suspicion naturally falls on the intermediaries, but they strenuously deny the impeachment. Equally clear is it that neither the producer of wheat nor the consumer of bread is to blame. The former receives 25 per cent. less than his predecessor did in 1835; the latter has to pay 50 per cent. higher than sufficed at that date. These several sources of possible absorption being thus eliminated, conjec- ture loses itself in any and every attempt to guess what becomes of the difference. Another mystery is why bread should cost three halfpence a pound at Birmingham when the same commodity can be purchased elsewhere as low as a penny a pound. Even in London, the quartern loaf is quoted at fivepence, and yet house rent and trading expenses are heavier there than in the great Midland borough, where the same weight fetches sixpence. PULPING CATTLE FOOD. Every now and again the question is asked, Is the pulping system profitable ? In most cases it is. In some cases, of course, it is not. By cutting straw or hay in short lengths with the chaff-cutter, and mixing it with pulped roots, it has been proved beyond all doubt that both the fodder and roots are greatly economised. When prepared for them in this way, cattle will consume with avidity the oat straw, which they would be slow to eat in a dry, long state. The extent to which roots may be economised by pulping is quite remarkable, and is, perhaps, on the whole the chief advantage of the system. The root crop is a costly one. It is not only costly to raise, but precarious in its growth. It is, therefore, desirable that it should be used to the best advantage possible when it is grown. No other method of utilisation known to us equals the pulping system for this purpose. Cattle thrive admirably on pulped food. Usually the pulped mixture is allowed to lie some hours, probably from five to ten or twelve hours before it is placed before the cattle. The majority of feeders think it is all the better for just a little fermentation. Others, how- ever, prefer to use the ifiixture while it is perfectly fresh, and therefore prepare it at the meal hours. The system is no doubt more advantageous in the rearing of young stock than in the fattening of older animals. For the former we have no hesitation in recommending a trial of pulping. It trill be curious if the results are not satisfactory. SELECTION OF SEND. The selection of seed is a subject for en- grossing attention. It is almost impossible to estimate the actual importance that attaches to the matter. Certainly it would be difficult to over-estimate it. Good sound seed is an essential point in, the production of a profitable crop. The soil may be in the pin of condition both in respect to tillage and nutriment; but that, important as it is, is not all. If due care is not exercised in selecting seed that is clean, true to its kind, and strong and healthy in constitution, it is utterly hopeless to expect to reap a crop sufficiently bulky or high-class to remuner- I ate for the outlay entailed. This remark applies with equal force to all crops. Cereal, root, grass, and other crops are all alike influenced by the character of the respective seeds deposited in the soil. At this season of the year, therefore, it behoves farmers to bestir themselves and make sure to procure a good foundation for next season's crops. The matter, perhaps calls for especial care this year. Last year was by no means an ideal one for the production of the best class of seeds. There will. therefore, as a necessary consequence, be an undue pro- portion of secondary or risky seed in the market. From the precedence it demands in sowing, grain for the spring break will be the first to receive attention. But the other kinds, as their planting season comes on, will have to be selected in an equally scrutinous fashion. That good seed is of the utmost importance in successful cropping every farmer of experience will readily admit. The benefit of strong, healthy seed is apparent from the earliest stage of growth. In fact its advantageous influence is most distinctly felt at the outset of the crop's pro- grMs. For some time after growth begins the substance in the kernel of the seed forms the sole means of subsistence to the plant. The tiny foodeftof the tender sprout take time fb reach the nutriment stores of the soil. They begin active life on the parent food, ana, as will readily be unftratom, the rapidity with which they reach the stage at which they can draw an independent food supply, and the vigour with which, they can absorb that nourishment, largely depend on the treatment received at the budding stage. One of the chief advantages of go,)d seed, therefore, is that the young plants are
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TBaoAT IMITATION AND COUGH. -Soreness and dryness, tickling and irritation, inducing cough and affootipg the voiee. For these symptoms use Epps's Glycerine Jnjubee. In contract with the glands at M« moment they are excibedby the et of smoking, Glgoerine Ln tfceso agreeable oomfe^tioas beoomos aotivehr healia^ Ml otlj ia boxe»,e7 £ < £ toui Is; l*d., labeBtd JAXMI Stfs A Ck> Homerottbie Chomisfa, London." Dr. Moore, in his t ork on Noeo and Throat Diseases," says •. The Glycerine Jujabee prepared by James Eppa & Co., are of undoubted servjoeas a curative or palliative agent," while Ðt GordoR Holms, IL Phyeiman to tMt IftnicfpU Three* and vmtewi -as extern- fow Glyoeriae. Jujubes-ef ooasMwfch W—iU» aimowtall terns of throat die. .-at' i
THE AGRICULTURAL DEPRESSION.
THE AGRICULTURAL DEPRESSION. SIR JOHN GORST ON AGRICULTURAL DEPRESSION. In opening a village club at Dedham, Essex, last week, Sir John Gorst dealt with the agricultural question, and said that n one yet had hit upon an effective remedy fo the present depression in agriculture. The prevailing distress could only be cured by a more healthy condition of social life, and the co-operation of all classes in the rural districts. Regeneration must come from within in the shape of social reforms as op- posed to revolutionary methods. He wel- comed village clubs as a means, in the ab- sence of village councils, of bringing about an inter-communication amongst the classes which would tend to the general improve- ments. LORD WINCHILSEA AKD HI8 SCHEME. The Mark Lane Express of last week specially deals with Lord Winchilsea's Agricultural Union. Lord Winchilsea has contributed an article, in' which he deals entirely with the attitude of the tenant farmers towards the union. There are also articles by Mr Clare Sewbll Read, Mr Thomas Duckham, Professor Sheldon, and others. Lord Winchilsea says the alterna- tives that are before the tenant farmer at the present moment are to join a union of all tnree classes or to make a union of his own. Dealing with the question of what a tenant would get by forming a union of his own, his lordship points out that the balance of political power has entirely shifted from the tenant farming class to the labourers. He repeats what he said at York—that there is not a constituency in the United Kingdom where tenant farmers without the labourers could return a member to Parliament; there- fore, if they insist on an organisation from which labourers and landlords are specifically excluded they cannot expect that, as they now have an opportunity of joining a union where all are included, the labourers, or landlords either, will support a person of the tenant farmere- choice to represent them when the time comes. So far, therefore, as a separate organisation goes, the tenant farmer would gain nothing by it, because he would not be a force in the country suffici- ently potent to obtain any of the objects at which he might aim, more especially if he ostentatiously separated himself from the other two classes. As to whether the tenant farmers would not be swamped by the labourers' vote, Lord Winchilsea explains that his scheme ensures to each claes its proper share of representation. He urges that if the tenant farmers and landowners will join together. to take the view they ought to do they can themselves, not by legislation but by voluntary effort, improve the labourers' position, and effect more than twenty years of legislation. He maintains that there are immense moral forces behind the scheme which will effect a great change in the preesnt unhappy state of things. +
THE LAND QUESTION IN WALES.
THE LAND QUESTION IN WALES. DENBIGHSHIRE AND CARNARVONSHIRE. The second of a series of articles ou 1, The Land Question in Wales," by a special cor- respondent (who dates this contribution from .Ruthin), appears in Tuesday's Times, and deals with Denbighshire and Carnarvonshire. The writer says :— Two eomplaints, and two only, of the many made by Mr Ellis in his speech in the House of Commons can I. find justified in Carnarvonshire, and the first of these in trifling. Mr Ellis spoke of the decadence of a custom by which the tenants used to sell; the goodwill" of their tenancies; he described it as a modified form of Ulster tenant-right. As a matter of fact, what used to happen was that an outgoing tenant would take from a candidate for the tenancy such money as he could get for introducing him to the landlord or his agent. This custom, which never did the landlord either good or harm, but was clearly onerous to the incoming tenant,. was never much above the level of a trick; it is done furtively, and is attempted now. It is discouraged, and rightly discouraged. Of goodwill, in any ordinary sense of the word, there is never any to sell in the case of a farm, exoept in the case of an outgoing tenant who has been in the hit of selling milk in adjacent towns, or of selling produce-butter, for example, to regular customers; nor is there anything to prevent an outgoing tenant from selling introductions to these regular customers to the incoming tenant. Mr Ellis, however, complains also of the fact that the landowners are, for the most part, incapable of talking Welsh, and the farmers, for the most part, unable to speak English with freedom. This is undoubtedly a serious matter, more serious, perhaps, than some of the landlords imagine, and has much to do with such success as the agitators have attained. A Welsh farmer will almost always be civil and even friendly in manner, but without talking to him in his own language it is impossible to arrive at his true feeling on any subject. The cure for this is, of course, not to be found in an Act of Parliament; nor do I venture to suggest- to adult landowners that this: should learn Welsh but it is not too much to say that they ought to make-their sons learn Welsh, and to«ast to the wind" tlfe utterly vulgar theory which pre*tfile<t s6ine ,.ear.ago, the theory that the imowledge, of Welsh is a vulgar possession; as if, forsooth, innocent knowledge were ever of any harm to any man, as if any man could fail to be a gainer by the acquisition of a language, rich not in
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MRS. LANGTRY writes. I have much pleasure in stating that I have used your Soap for some time, and prefer it to any other." (Signed) Lit,LB LANQ- Tay. Pears' Soap, for Toilet and Nursery, spooially prepared for the delicate skin of ladies aDd ehildren and others sensitive to the weather, winter or sum- mer. Prevents redness, roughness, and chapping. 8old everywhere. Large 8o* £ fced Tablets, Is. smaller uus«e«ted) 6d. Tif$ On BOX OF CLARKE'S B 41 PILLS is warranted to eure all discharges from the Urinary Organs, in either sex (acquired or oonstita tional), Gravel, and Pains in the Baek. Guaranteed free from Meroury. Sold in Boxes, 4s 6d eaoh, by all Chemists and Patent Medicine Vendors, throughout the world; or sent to any address for sixty stamps bf the Makers, TKB LINCOLW AND MXDLAKD Oovvrali Dime COMPACT, Linooln. Wholesale A^^BABOLAT A SOWS, Loudon,|and all the
__.XA RKETS.
XA RKETS. PROVISIONS. NBWTOWN GBMIRRAL, TUESDAY. Wheat, per 2401bs 5 6 to 13 6 Ditto (old) oo 0 0 Barley, per 701bs 0000 Oats, per 220lbs 190200 EKgs, 7 to 10 10 0 0 Butter, per lb 1 4 16 Fowls, per couple 4 6 0 0 Ducks, per couple 6 0 0 0 I Geese, each 0 0 0 0 Potatoes, per cwt. 30 0 0 WBLSHPOOII GENERAL, MONDAY. s. do s. d. Wheat, per 751bs ,„ 4 3 to 4 4 Barley, per 70lbs 4 0 4 8 Oats 14 0 16 0 Eggs, 10 to 0 10 0 0, Butter, per lb 1 3 1 5 Fowls, per couple 40 5 6 Ducks, per couple 4 6 6 0 LLANFYLLIN GENERAL, THURSDAY. „ 8. d. s. d. Iresn butter 1 2 to 1 4 Tub butter 10* 11 Cheese 0 0 0 0 Eggs, 10 to 12 100 0 Fowls, per couple, 3 6 5 0 Ducks, per couple 4 6 6 0 Geese. each 0 0 0 0 Turkeys, each 0 0 0 0 Rabbits, per couple 2 4 2 6 Hares, each 3 0 4 0 Apples, per quarter 050 6 OSWESTRY GENERAL, WEDNESDAY. trr, -.L 8* d. 8. d. White wheat, per 751bs 4 0 to 4 6 Red ditto, per 751bs 3 114 1 Barley, malting, per 280lbs 14 0 17 0 Oats, per 2001bs 12 9 15 0 Fresh butter, per lb 13 1 5 Eggs, 9 to 10 10 00 Fowls, per couple « 4 0 50 Ducks, per couple 50 60 Geese, each 60 66 Turkey*, each 0 0 0 0 Rabbits, per couple 2 4 2 6 Potatoes, per cwt 2 6 2 9 SHREWSBURY GENERAL, SATURDAY. — 8. d. s. d. Fresh butter per lb 1 4 to 1 6 Eggs, 8 to 9 10 0 0 Fowls, per couple 40 6 0 Ducks, per couple 50 6 0 Geese, each 6 6 8 6 Turkeys, each 50 7 0 Rabbits, per couple 2 6 2 10 Pigeons, per couple 1 0 1 2 Potatoes, per cwt 2 6 2 9 Cabbages, per dozen 1 0 2 0 Broccoli, per dozen 0 0 0 0 Parsnips, per cwt. 0 0 0 0 Carrots, per cwt 6 3 0 Apples, per quarter 0 4 0 5 Pears, per quarter 0 6 0 8 CORN. BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.—English and For- eign wheat met a quiet trade at about last week's prices. Grinding barley 6d and maize Is dearer. Oats and beans unaltered. MANCHESTER, THURSDAY.—Fair business repor- ted in most articles during the interval at a gen- eral advance in prices. This market displayed less animation, but the tone was firm in all de- partments. English wheat gd per quarter and foreign about 2d per cental dearer on week. Flour advanced Is per sack. Beans and peas un- changed. Oats Id per bushel better. Maize has sold freely, and must be quoted 2d to 3d per cen- tal higher than on last Thursday. I • CATTLE. agg» BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.—-Trade quiet; good supply. Beef 4id to 6fd; mutton, 6d to 8d—per lb. SHREWSBURY, TunSDAr.-Beef, So to 6ld per lb; mutton, 6id to 8d per lb; veal, 6d to 7d per lb; bacon pigs, 8s 6d to 9s 6d per score; pork piers, 9s 6d to 10s per score. WOOL. BRADFORD, TRuitsiDAY.-There is no change to report in our market. Prices are firm all round, and the turnover restricted. Spinners are wait- ing for the London sales next week. Lustre wools are still in good demand. Mohair and alpaca a shade dearer. Botany tops, such as cross-breds, are very firm, but merinos are slightly weaker in favour of buyer. There is no change to report in the yarn market.
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Aber- dovey, ^Towyn, Dolgelley, Harlech, Portmadoc, Cnccieth, and Pwllheli, from Whitchurch, Elleemere, Oswestry, Llanymynech, Llansaintffraidd, Llanfyllin, Welshpool, Montgomery, Abennule, Kerry,Newtown Llanidloes, Tylwch, Pantydwr, Rhayader, Doldowlod, Newbridge, Builth Road, Builth Wells, Erwood, Bonghrood, Three Cooks, Talgarth, Brecon, Caerewa, Carno, Llanbrynmair, Cemmes Road & Machynlleth. They will be available to go by any through ordinary Stopping Train on date of issue, and to return by and through ordinary Stopping Train on too Sunday, Monday, or Tuesday following the date of issue of the ticket. I THJE WORKMAN'S WATCH. The Guinea Watch. JB1 1 0 A Good Sound Article. The Two Guinea Watch 92 2 0 Patent Lover, Strong and Durable. The Three Guinea Watch P.3 3 0 Patent Lover, in Strong Silver Cases. GW The above are all Warranted, for Oae Two and Three Years respeouvoly. GOLD WEDDING RINGS. FORD, WATCHMAKER, JEWELLER, 4c. NEWTOWN. a7e PICTURES FRAMED. PHILLIPS & SON, Art now ia a position to execute all Orders for FRAMING IN A VARIETY OF MOULDINGS. Don't let your Pictures go to waste but beautify your House. 19f BROAD STREET, NEWTOWN _I ) THE OXFORD BIBLE FOR TEACHERS. Thirteen Editions oorrespond page for pagoflwifll eaoh other. Eleven Editions are printed on best "ffsf moiftr Printing Paper at prices from 2/6 to HI- Six Editions are printed on the Oxford India.' Paper, extremely light and thin, they vacy weight from 121 ounces to 22 ounces, moi is Price from 7/. to 46/ and do not rnrosofl tm inch in thickness.. The Bar. ALEX. HANNAY, D.D., Secretary ef tfte Congregational Union:—" It contains just the sii which ut moot needed by the olass of Students for whom it has been prepared. I recommend tho School Teaehers of England to secure it as thoor daily companion." The Bay. W. B. POPE, D.D., of Didsbury ColtogWf —" I have taken pains to form an honest judgai of the Oxford Bible for Teachers, and have unit UP the conclusion that it has few rivals and no superiam 'n. 'A* Its entire apparatus of neoossanT Biblical knowledge is as nearly perfeot as posnblOu The RBV. CANON LIDDON It would hav* been difflcult to arrange so much useful matter more useful way, or with more accuracy, whether of detail or of general statement. It is valued iiiursaJ ingly the more it is need and not its least merit t* this, that it has the happy result of gtindatisf interest and enquiry even while satisfying it." The BJrT. C. H. SPUBGEON The very best* have carefully examined the volume and 0Im isow reservedly recommend it." The ARCHBISHOP or Voitir. The aotion ef including in one volume all the helps that elergr man or teacher would be likely to want for the study of the Bible, has never been realised before with tfe* same success." The BISHOP OF ININATFF: SiMply the aSO4 valuable edition of the Bible ever presented to the public." The BBT. HUGH PBIe. HTTOSES :—" I have nss2 this book for years, and can only join in the universal chorus of all Students of Seripture in describing its high merits, and commending it to all." REV. J, CLIFFORD, D.D.:—For compactness information, immediate availableness, faintest* accuracy, and perfect adaptation to the ever-reounv ing wants of Bible Students, it is unsurpassed." The REV. PRINCIPAL T. C. ESWABDS, M.A, University College, Aberystwyth" Tho Oxford Bible for Teachers is the beet book of the kina I bow* yet seen." The REV. O. GARBZTT T%e highest Wish" dt Biblical Students are here exceeded, not a want i. unmet." The Rav. JOSEPH PARKES, D.D., of the Cftf Temple: The Oxford Bible for Teachers is tb* most superb, complete, and useful edition of tlw Holy Scriptures in the English language I have eyer seen." The Rxv. ANDREW THOKSOH, D.D., of Edin- burgh :_U The eswraoe of fifty expensive volume* W men of sacred learning is condensed into its pages# Every information that is needed is given." The Helps to the Study of the Bib I e wbicb are contained in the Oxford Bible foC Teachers have baen revised from time to time by Stubbs, Bishop of Oxford, Archdeaeon Palmer, aai other eminent Scholars. The Seientifio information was prepared under the supervision of Professor* Rolleston, West wood, Lawson, and Earle, nam" SC the highest authority in their several departments, I OXFORD" INDIA." PAPER. This wonderful paper is a speciality of the Oxford University Press, and is used exclusively for Oxford Books. It is ua&pproached for opaqueness, tbiDaeaw and strength. Itlies a soft surface and an s tnnafrTo tone. A strip of it three inches in bi eath wilJ sasfan* a quarter of a hundredweight without yielding. Tho #14in 1. Oxford 48me. 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THE FARMERS' CIRCLE.
transferred to seek their own livelihood in a robust and vigorous condition. Inferior seed, be it noted, may germinate readily enough but go no further. The result is that the plants are left to look after them- selves before they are capable of gathering sufficient nourishment. In other words, they are weaned too early, and their subsequent career is a continual struggle for bare exist- ence. Get good seed, and give the plants a good start in life, and with ordinary surroundings a good crop is assured. »
THE LAND QUESTION IN WALES.
literature perhaps, although not by any meaife barren, but in words expressing metaphysical conceptions with a breadth and exactitude not to be surpassed even in German. In Denbighshi-e, as in Carnarvonshire, it is almost the invariable practice for the whole cost of repairs and improvements to be borne by landowners without any increase of rent; but one of my informants observed that there was much more en- couragement to execute improvements on small holdings than on large, because the small holder was, as a rule, willing to pay reasonable interest on money expended. Indeed, my friend almost went so far as to say that on many considerable holdings, where nothing except the productive char- acter of the land waa taken into account in fix ng the rent, the sum charged as rent hardly brought in to the owner a reasonable interest upon the sums spent by him and his predecessor on improvements and the erection of new buildings. That the Denbighshire farmers suffered greatly last year from storms and floods and low prices is beyond question, and they were met with abate- ments, as they had been met before. There is, however, one bright spot to be found. In Merionethshire, at Bala, a whisky dis- tillery has been established; in Denbigh. shire malting barley of first-rate quality can be and is grown; and the Barley whisky- it is rather stronger than dynamite, but quite pure-is made largely out of Denbigh- shire barley. The farmer says, in effect, "Buy my barley and I will buy your whisky," which arrangement being profit- able to both parties is probably in diametrical opposition to the principles of political economy, and certainly not pleasing to Sir Wilfrid Lawson.. There remains, in relation to both Den- bighshire and Carnarvonshire, the question whether rents are too high. In this connec- tion it is necessary, with all respect, to repudiate a statement of the late Professor Fawcett, that the relation between land- lord and tenant has become purely com- merciaL A landlord offers his land to any one who is willing to take it; he is anxious to receive the highest rent he can obtain." This may be true of houses; it is certainly not true of land in Wales. In Carnarvon- shire, Denbighshire, and Anglesey there is the true Celtic land hunger, and whenever a farm is vacant, especially if it be a small one, there are from ten to twenty applicants for the vacancy. I do not hesitate to say that, if landowners in Wales offered their vacant farms to the highest bidder of rent, the rental of Welsh land would be increased enormously. Nor, in a country of such complex character as Wales, is it possible to apply any cut-and-dried theory as to the proportion which ought to exist between rent and the value in money of the produce of farms. For example, the mountain farm ought to be let at such a rent as will leave the farmer a decent livelihood, having regard to his station in life, after all necessary outgoings on labour are satisfied The lowland farm ought to be let under similar principles. But the moment we reflet upon the difference in productive capacity between the two classes of farms and upon the different demand which each makes for labour, it becomes obvious that to compare English land with Welsh land necessary outgoings on labour are satisfied The lowland farm ought to be let under similar principles. But the moment we reflet upon the difference in productive capacity between the two classes of and upon the different demand which each makes for labour, it becomes obvious that to compare English land with Welsh land upon the basis of rent per acre, or to apply a rigid rule, that land to be nrnfitfthls mn«t. r- -w produce a definite number of rents, is absurd. Probably DO professional valuer ever dreamed of applying any such principle; indeed, it is almost beyond doubt that the only question the valuer asks himself is, U What can a man of ordinary industry and skill and foresight afford to pay for this farm after living decently and maintaining his family in a normal year?" How are we to ascertain whether this question is answered by the valuer reasonably how shall we know whether it is answered more generously in one country than another? Public statistics are of little aid to us upon such a question. Mr Ellis, in his easy-going way, said (House of Commons, March 16, 1892).—"In many cases, year after year you can see from the list of bankruptcies this condition of things-one farmer after another in this and that part of the country 18 going under water," &e. To the list of bankruptcies he has appealed, easily and confidently; to that list Jet him go. He will find (official receiver's report) that the total number of bankruptcies in England and Wales in 1891 was 4,216. Of these Wales,' including Chester showed 279, to which., Cardiff, Swansea, Newport, and Pontypridd, all places in which bankruptcy is not con- fined to farmers, contributed 149. But the comparative table included in the report gives the classes of bankrupts for England and Wales, and shows that out of the 4,216 only 187 were farmers. That is to say, bankrupt farmers are to bankrupts generally about as one is to 23. Among Welsh farmers, then, we may expect to find about I a dozen bankrupts. There may be more; there may be less. Mr Ellis is fond of speaking of extremely good farmers," eome of the beet farmers," and so forth; but it were well, after all, if he remembered that farming is a business in which mis- management, stupidity, carelessness, and extravagance bring their own punishment. He would answer, probably, that farmers may fail without going to the bankruptcy court, which is true; but then why refer to the bankruptcy lists? There is, indeed, only one way in which to arrive at materials for a judgment upon this question, and that is to select a competent English valuer and to send him to value several groups of farms upon various estates in Wales upon the principles whioh he would apply in Knglaw^ The probability is that the result wonld show those men to be right who, owning land o* both sides of Offa's Dyke, are under the impression that the Welsh standard of vamation is more generous to the tenant an the English,