The Montgomeryshire Express and Radnor Times

ENGLISH WOOL. Trade keeps very soand and healthy and demand is good. Transactions may have been less in number, but prices are satisfactory and in favour of sellers. Buyers readily purchase any lots they require and still keep to the hand-to-mouth policy which they have followed so long. There are signs that demand is rather broadening, most classes of wool now particip- ating, though the finer descriptions are most favoured. Colonial wools sell very freely, and prices tend against buyers, the demand both for home and abroad being remarkably good. In the manufacturing districts trade shows no signs of decline, and the higher rates which sellers are compelled to ask are more easily obtained. Prices for fleeces are much about the same as of late, and skin wools are steady.

LOW QUALITY MANURES. A useful article on this subject appears in the Journal of the Board of Agriculture, just issued. It points out that manures offered as complete fertilisers are sent out with correct analyses, but at prices far above their values, the sellers apparently expecting that want of knowledge on the part of many farmers will prevent them seeing that this is the case. For example, a manure offered at 323 10s. per ton is worth only 21 6s. on the basis of the proper valuation of units of nitrogen and phosphates. Other manures offered at the same price are worth only 21s. 6d. to 22s. 8d. Indeed, it is further shown that by purchasing nitrogen and phosphates in the cheapest forms, similar com- pounds could be made up at 10s. 6d. to 18s. 5d. per ton.

Stop a Cough in One Night. TAKE VENO'S LIGHTNING COUGH CURE. A cough may be due to any of the following:- CATARRHAL COLDS INFLAMMATION ENLARGED TONSILS PNEUMONIA INFLUENZA COITSUMPTION ENLARGED UVULA PLEURISY AND CROUP INFLAMED THROAT STOMACH DISORDERS BRONCHITIS ASTHMA A cough may be dry and hard, or loose with much expectoration it may be catarrhal with a dry tickling in the throat accompanied by partial stoppage of the nostrils and shortness of breath. Veno's Lightning Cough Care removes the cause of the cough, not smothering it, but curing the diseased conditions which produce it. It is admit- tedly a scientific remedy endorsed and used by doctors, the leading British Analysts speaking in the highest terms of it. It is infinitely superior to the ordinary cough mixtures, tablets, or emulsions, which are for the most part of no practical value except to ease the cough for the time being. Veno's Lightning Cough Cure not only radically cures the most stubborn coughs, but strengthens the lungs and gives perfect ease in breathing. Ask for Venoii Lightning Cough Cure, price 9jd, lIlt and 2/9 of all chemists.

CELERY. This should be planted freely, because, apart from its value in a raw state, there are few vegetables more nutritious when cooked.. It is not too late to draw more soil up around the plants, if it can be done when in a dry condi- tion, as, apart from it assisting to blanch the leaf-stalks, it prevents rain and snow entering the centre of the plants and forms a natural protection against frost. The sides of the ridges should be made firm and smooth with the back of the spade to fur- ther assist throwing off rain. This provision has to be taken with a crop which is being blanched, but any plants not earthed up are naturally more hardy, and will frequently stand through a severe winter and prove valu- able in spring, and for this reason a late- planted row is recommended.

Many Unsuspected Cases in Newtown. Nothing is more to be feared than kidney com- plaint, because it is often unsuspected until it has spread dangerous disease throughout the body. There are many unsutpected cases here in New- town, and if you have any such unmistakeable symptom of kidney complaint as pain in the loins and back, urinary disorders, gravel, dropsical swellings, rheumatic pains, and constant weari- ness, you should profit by this Montgomery man's experience:— Mr T. Vaughan, tailor, Plough Bank, Montgom- ery, is well-known and highly respected. He sa:ys I have great faith in Doan's backacke kidney pills, because some time ago I was suffer- ing severely with pains in my back and loins. Hearing a friend recommend Doan's backache kidney pills, I decided to try the medicine, and did so with the best result. The pains speedily disappeared, and I have never been troubled with them since. Doan's pills will have my hearty recommendation. (Signed) T. E. Vaughan." Doan's backache kidney pills are two shillings and ninepence per box, or six boxes for thirteen shillings and ninepence. Of all chemists and stores, or post free direct from the Foater- MoClellan Co., 8, Wells-street, Oxford-street, London, W. Be sure you get the same kind of pills as Mr Vaughan had.

THE FRUIT PLANTING SEASON. November is the best month for planting fruit trees and bushes when the land is in proper condition. It has not been in such condition this season at present, and very little progress has been made in planting. In October a beginning was made, as plums and black cur- rants had lost their leaves. But apple trees were still leafy and green, and therefore were not fit for transplanting. There is plenty of time ahead for the work, as it can be done whenever the land is in good condition up to the end of March but there is a decided advantage in planting before the end of the autumn, and growers of fruit who desire to extend their orchards regret the wetness of the present month.

WEIGHT IN HORSES. Weight means value In an agricultural horse Therefore the farmer who reduces the number he possesses in order to heighten the standard is working on sound commercial lines, seeing that he has less horses to keep, while it is easily possible for a good specimen of a lurry horse to make thrice the price of a lighter and common animal; consequently every effort should be made to breed those which realise the most money in the market. An zC80 horse is more saleable than one at R40, as the latter type are not wanted by the best class of customers, such as railway com- panies, corporations, and brewers, and if there is a greater risk the live-stock insurance com- panies will take it at a very moderate premium. A massive horse is necessarily the most suitable for draught purposes, and there is no rival to the Shire for size and substance in limbs and body, hence the demand which exists, but it is necessary for farmers to breed them in sufficient numbers if they wish to participate in the profits.

FATTENING OF CALVES FOR VEAL. On a dairy farm the most suitable time for the fattening of calves for veal is before the cheese-making season commences. The calves are usually fed on whole milk alone for a period of from eight to ten weeks, the maximum return from the milk used averaging about 6d. per imperial gallon, not including labour. The calves may either be pail-fed, or allowed to run with their dams. The advantage of the former method is that (1) all the milk is drawn from the udder (2) any excess of milk may be put to some profitable use, such as butter-making, etc.; (3) the amount given to each calf may be so regulated that each one gets an adequate amount, which is uncertain when calves are fed under the cow. And of the latter method that (1) the quality of the veal is superior; (2) there ia much lesa cbanoe oi scouring, owing to the

fc BORWIGKS^ I BAKING POWDER I

WREXHAM HORSE SALES. The last sales for the year in the North Wales Repository, Wrexham, were conducted by Messrs. Frank Lloyd & Sons, on Wednesday and Thursday, November 16th and 17th, when about 600 hotses of all classes were disposed of. The first day's sale, comprising 250 harness horses, hunters, cobs, and ponies, was somewhat marred by the inclement weather, snow falling heavily during the greater part of the day and preventing the usual judging. Trade was on a par with recent sales, anything useful finding plenty of bidders. Messrs McCaffrey & Lough- ran, of Armagh, had a nice string of ten, the pick of them being bought by Messrs Lyons at 57gs., 48gs., 46gs., and 45gs.; others to 42gs. Mr J. T. Oliver, bay mare 58gs. and chestnut gelding 55gs.; Mr Jno Jones, Whitegate, brown gelding 65gs.; Mr A. Stuart, chestnut gelding 76gs.; Mr T. E. Roberts, pair of cobs 72gs.; Mr G. E. Evans, brown gelding 54gs.; Mr T. H. Roberts, bay gelding 50gs.; others to 48gs. Thursday's sale of 350 waggon, lurry, and van horses were the best lot seen out for some time. Buyers were present from all parts of England and bidding throughout was of the keenest description. The North Wales Challenge Cup for the best gelding in the sale was won by Mr Evan Kinsey, Caersws, with a bay gelding which was sold to Liverpool at 102gs. Messrs George Adams & Sons, of the Royal Prize Farms, Berkshire, sent their usual draft of 14 mares and geldings, all of which were sold, realising a total of R764 8s.; some of the prices were 73gs., 63gs., 60gs. (twice), 59gs. (twice), 56gs., 54gs., etc. Mr J. Cadwallader, black gelding 83gs.; Mr P. Morgan, bay gelding 76gs.; Messrs G. & J. Ledson, bay gelding 74gs., pair lllgs.; Messrs Mansell, bay gelding 70gs.; Mr T. Darlington, brown gelding 70gs., pair 104gs.; G. Fitzhugh, Esq., pair 98gs. Mr T. Hirons, 65gs. and 58gs. Mr W. Morris, 65gs.; Mr M. Evans, 65gs.; Mr. D. Hulse, 64gs.; Mr E. Davids, 3-years old 60gs.; Mr W. Edwards, 64gs.; Mr H. Darlington, 60gs.; Mr J. Roberts, 62gs.: Mr Ed. Thomas, 61gs.; Mr Gittins, 64gs.; and many others to 60gs.

el FEEDING FOWLS ON FARMS. A writer in the Poultry World calls atten- tion to an essential factor which is often for- gotten by farmers, namely that the wastage of grain is much less in these days than formerly, and therefore that other food should be avail- able. If that were all to be said it might be thought that in the pre-threshiug machine era fowls could be fed more cheaply than now. We must not, however, forget the fact that there were few portable houses in those days, and that nearly all were kept around the household. "My interest in fowls dates back to more than 60 years ago. Since then the culture of poultry has made wonderful strides, and the feeding of poultry has become almost a science. But in this matter, as in many others, ordinary farmers have not progressed with the times, and have not greatly changed their methods, notwith- standing changed conditions. We still talk occasionally of' barn-door' fowls but the term which was once largely descriptive of farmers' fowls is now a misnomer. When corn was threshed with the flail and the threshing went on day by day from autumn till spring, the poultry were always to be seen around the barn door, and there, no doubt, they generally found a sufficient supply of corn. It was the custom of the threshers to throw out the straw after they had threshed a few sheaves, into a heap in front of the barn door. Here the fowls foraged and fed all day long, each fresh supply of straw giving fresh excitement to them. Under such conditions, for the greater part of the year at least, and that the coldest part, they probably did not fare badly. Now, however, the old custom has departed, giving place to the new. The corn is threshed by machinery, and as much is threshed in a day as was formerly done during weeks or months. While, therefore, the poultry may have an abundant feed now and again when the steam thresher visits the farm, their regular supply at the barn door fails. Do farmers sufficiently realise this ? Some, no doubt, do, but many do not. They still fancy there are sufficient pickings for the hen amongst the pigs and the cattle in a farmyard to meet their needs. But except during harvest and for some time after, when they can get food around the stacks of

A TONIC FOR ALL. The value of Hall's Wine is so pronounced in so many different cases of weakness and illness that the public might, perhaps, lose sight of the fact that it has just two functions. It is a nervine and a bloodmaker. Naturally, a preparation which-is able to act upon both nerves and blood, as does Hall's Wine, becomes valuable in a considerable list of ailments and disorders. Besides, Hall's Wine is the stand- ard health-bringer in convalescence. Despite this far-reaching adaptability, Hall's Wine is by no means a "cure-all. It is not meant to be. It is not claimed to be. The most sanguine Hall's Wine advertisement does no more than claim for it che success which has been amply testified to by physicians for the past twenty-five years. That success has been a large one, for Hall's Wine has created a standard for itself as the one tonic to be used in cases of ansemia, neuralgia, nervous debility, insomnia, depression, chronic bronchitis, and to insure speedy conval- escence. So delicious that the most fastidious palate de- lights in it; so prompt in action that the first wineglassful shows its power; so economical be- cause of its results that one bottle may be all a person needs—Hall's Wine, at 3/6 for a NEW-SIZE, EXTRA-LARGE bottle is the biggest "bargain" at your wine merchant's, licenced chemists, or licenced grocer's.

BPBOIAZ. NOTiicjL-The Lowest Charge for an Advertisement (if not Prepaid) is 2s. 6d. PUBLIC NOTICES. THERE'S ONE FOR YOU FREE! Thousands have shared In ^i the many advantages, great X. savings, and satisfaction en- /tgjaHBSWWt ^Joyed by purchasing Jewel- ■ lery. watches, Ac., through BOOK")F J mBKo 3000 BARGAINS Jf M 1 -'j' Have YOU HCUred this wonder- tfwjfe^ fal yolume'1 U not, J1d a post :.r, card NOW and see'what "value M JJrA '°r 1^ne^ mea^ns. E very s^p delusive instalment systems. I^|*j^ Ipossible value for your money. "The^Watck '||3 WIth the. SEE WHAT YOU SAVE I "i rS-MF GOLD BROOCHES, 3/6 (usually 6/5), HANDSOME LOCKETS, 7/6 I H. SA?AUKVS ijP mggSr (r*lue for 13/6) CRUV1S. 3/3 (often 4/.); GOLD GUARDS, 21/ &c. ffiggfrv L lis! MONTH'S FREE TRIAI4 ALLOWED. S j ll for all purchasers (see page 2 of book). LEVER 1 keywin(i. WRITE FOR THE BOOK NOW' ^"ind' gj 'L*ZJ 200 MARKET ST., MANCHESTER. 3 £ f« CE^E'L3/9 ^jib., AL|BEKT .øq. lfi7¥ w: & ¡i-JW <; ;l. ;c '7 t' L{' .1,cl1 1'i.Iii. 17 !;y J ¡" ,.f.¡V' f7 :¥ > OU TERMS GOODS TO TBI V ALOE OP 16 depDslt 15/ plymua, lIB All 38/ 218 116 oft 3'8 120 811- 4/- 15/ ,,41B || WeCKER CH^LR ■ "MPt pr» RAU litt it«w. I if W& WITH REVERSIBLE CUSHION DISCOUNT TERMS. ^^CAPPED. WEIGHT 2^CWT5 SB ?.O,m.5EAT. UPHOLSTERED 45/- BACK it, per cent. for settlement witbw -7 diys A SMALLER SIZE- 619 from 33/9 N 7} per cent. for settlement within Oweekt from dahvay. 5 per cent. for settlement within 16 weeks from Psr cent. for settlement witbin 6 mmtbs from delivery. 16 NETT AFTERWARDS. And 6 plr cent. interest on ovadin accounts chugid. fll 1't'8m IT IIITIU 1\ u systo Mullis 10 per 08 deposit a1l4 6 Sent. OD P8III&In48r Ir settled 18 IDOII&b 10 w cost. on ds"dt 21 "I an,. oil 08 7, per tr .w 18 aoa&M. 88L aommu it "too In 0 woos Joe, 16 \I8P en WIIOI. "ttbd Ie 12 -Da No Disemmt all~ *see% Lt Settlement SLACK LOUTS 81 i F-jr W"E, 7PF.Iil&4t, WITH E P 3r4 OEVELL 0 SHAPED lilAROR5 OF ALL AND f-MiNA CUPBOARD IN FUMIEDOAK 18 -0 fiET 12-17-6 'A AND f-MiNA CUPBOARD IN FUMIEDOAK 12-17-6 18 -0 fiET [E:$T I MATE5 FOE (AT= GUEJ fi(i Z'IWAM67 T 0 -N ,R E >CN AM C k E -S W S, T R Y t 'HAM P ii R.EWSGL E NWTOWN" 0 L. 1,N,GT.ON.SAI Li) T IZ OW N AO NT « f T ¡oj OHKHBKS TO SUFFERERS FROM sshh ) SKIN AND BLOOD DISEASES. I I The specialists will tell you that all such com- by thoroughly purifying the blood. For cleansing H I plaints as Eczem«l» Scrofula, Scurvy, the blood of all impurities, from whatever cause 9 ■j Bad Legs, Ulcers, Abscesses, arising, there is no other medicine just as good fl ■ Tumours, Glandular Swellings, as "Clarke's Blood Mixture," that's why in B I Boils, Pimples, Sores and ErUD- I thousands of cases it has effected truly remark- 88 I tlons of all kinds, Blood able cures where all other treatments have failed. I Poison, Rheumatism, Gout, etc., Start taking Clarke's Blood Mixture to-day, and are entirely due to a diseased state of the you will soon have the same experience. blood, and can only be permanently cured The Editor of the" Family Doctor," London's Popular Medical Weekly, writes:—"We have f seen hosts of letters bearing testimony to the I ■ flH if truly wonderful cures effected by Clarke's Blood J f H B A Mixture. It is the finest Blood Purifier that Science and Medical Skill baye brought to light, and we can with the utmost confidence recommend M B it to our subscribers and the public generally." M B it to our subscribers and the public generally." MS mB "Clarke's Blood Mixture Stores, 2/9 j>tr bottle, it entirely free from and in cases contain- poison or metallic im- ing times poison or metallic im- ing six times the 1 y pregnation, does not quantity 11/ or post 1-4 i ■ H ■ ■ torn contain any injurious free on receipt of price. I A fl 0 ingredient, and is a direct from the Pro- good, safe, and useful firietors, the Lincoln medicine—Health. and Midland Counties Of all Chemists and Drug Co., Lincoln. u r good, safe, and useful firietors, the Lincoln medicine—Health. and Midland Counties Of all Chemists and I Drug Co., Lincoln. Has Oured Thousands, REFUSE SUBSTITUTES. WILL CURE YOU. 'P."4 t • k CROEN IACH A GWAED t PUR.-Dyna yr hyn y mae y "Sarzine Blood Mix- ture" yn ei sicrhau, adim arall. Nid yw yn honi gwella pob peth, fel yr Yankee Patent Medicines; ond os blinir chwi gan groen afiach, ysfa, pirn- pies, toriad allan, scurvy, doluriau, penddynod,&c., yn tarddu o waed drwg acammhur,mynwch bote- laid o "Sarzine Blood CROEN IACH A GWAED PUR.—Dynayr hyn y mae y "Sarzine Blood Mix- ture" yn ei sicrhau, adim arall. Nid yw yn honi gwella pob peth, fel yr Yankee Patent Medicines; ond os blinir chwi gan |groen afiach, ysfa, pirn- pies, toriad allan, scurvy, doluriau, penddynod,&c., yn tarddu o waed drwg acammhur,mynwch bote- laid o "Sarzine Blood Mixture," gan y Drug- gist nesaf atoch, Is. 1Jc. l-=-" a 2s. 6c. y botel, neu gyda 3c. at y cludiad t yn chwanegol, oddi wrth y Perchenog. HUGH DAVIE8, Chemist, Machynlleth. 1 J MILLIONS OF RATS « have been slaughtered by using 1 HARRISON'S RELIABLE" RAT POISONr. Equally good for Mice, Moles, and Beetles. Dogs and Cats will not touch it. Vermin dry up and leave no smell. Price 6d., Is., 2s. 3d., and 3s. 8d. Postage 2d. G. W. HARRISON, Chemist, Beading. Sold by Chemists. Agents -For NEWTOWN, Andrew Breese; WELSHPOOL, W. Bishop; MONTGOMERY, A. Thomas, Borough & County Supply Stores LLANIDLOES, R. Hughes; MACHYNLLETH, F. Kwe8. All Chemists. CAMBRIAN RAILWAYS ANNOUNCEMENTS. FOOTBALL & HOCKEY PARTIES. SPECIAL EXCURSION FACILITIES are offered to the above Parties (Minimum 10 Passengers), and the Secretaries are invited to communicate with the Traffic Manager for full particulars. FOOTBALL MATCHES, DECEMBER, 1910. AT GOODISON PABX: EVERTON v. MANCHESTER CITY December 3rd EVERTON v. OLDHAM ATHLETIC oo. oo..oo December 10th EVERTON v. BRISTOL CITY December 24th EVERTON v. LIVERPOOL December 29th EVERTON v. MIDDLESBOROUGH oo.oo December 31st AT ANFIELD BO AD: LIVERPOOL v. SHEFFIELD UNITED December 17th AT MANCHESTER: MANCHESTER CITY v. SHEFFIELD WEDNESDAY December 10th MANCHESTER. CITY v. NEWCASTLE UNITED December 24th MANCHESTER CITY v. PRESTON NORTH END December 31st MANCHESTER UNITED v. BURY December 3rd MANCHESTER UNITED v. ASTON VILLA December 17th DAY EXCURSION TICKETS TO LIVERPOOL & MANCHESTER, From NEWTOWN on these Dates. MANCHESTER RACES, Thursday, Friday & Saturday, November 24th, 25th and 26th. LEAGUE MATCH—MANCHESTER CITY v. OLDHAM A., November 26th. ON EACH OF THE ABOVE DATES CHEAP DAY TICKETS Will be {Issued MANCHESTER, From NEWTOWN by 6-57 a.m. Train. BIRMINGHAM CATTLE & POULTRY SHOW, NOVEMBER 26th to DECEMBER 1st. BIRMINGHAM RACES, November 28th & 29th. ON MONDAY, November 28th, On TUESDAY, November 29th, On WEDNESDAY, November 30th, DAY & PERIOD TICKETS will be issued TO BIRMINGHAM, From NEWTOWN, MONTGOMERY, &c. or EVERY MONDAY, THURSDAY, AND SATURDAY DURING NOVEMBER, and Until Further Notice, DAY EXCURSION TICKETS WILL BE ISSUED TO LIVERPOOL & MANCHESTER From NEWTOWN by 6-57 a.m. Train. Third Class Return Fare, 4/9. EXCURSIONS TO LONDON. SMITHFIEIiD CLUB CATTLE SHOW. ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, December 5 to 9. THEATRES," HIPPODROME, AND OTHER ATTRACTIONS. On Monday, December 5, for 2, 3, or 5 Days. I On Wednesday, December 7, for 2. 3, or 4 Days. EXCURSION TICKETS Will be Issaed TO LONDON (EUSTON), FROM NEWTOWN, MONTGOMERY, &c. SATURDAY TO MONDAY CHEAP TICKETS TO LONDON. EVERY SATURDAY UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE CHEAP RETURN TICKETS, AT A SINGLE FARE AND A QUARTER for the Double Journey will be Issued TO LONDON. At all Stations on Cambrian Railways. Available by any Ordinary Train Outward on Saturdays. Return following Sunday or Monday. EVERY THURSDAY & SATURDAY DURING NOVEMBER And until Farther Notice, DAY EXCURSION TICKETS Will be Issued to WOLVERHAMPTON and BIRMINGHAM, LEAVING NEWTOWN at 8-25 a.m. Third Class Fares for the Double Journey to Wolverhampton, 3/9. To Birmingham, 4/3. Full Particulars of the above Excursions can be had at the Stations CBAS. L. CONACHER, Oewestry November, 1910. Traffic Manager. CAMBRIAN RAILWAYS. PASSENGER TRAIN ALTERATIONS FOR DECEMBER, 1910. There will be no alterations in the running of this Company's trains for December, and the Time Tables dated October, 1910, together with the alterations for November, will, therefore, re-, main in force until further notice. CHAS. L. CONACHER, Oswestry, Nov., 1910. Traffic Manager. RATS LAST MEAL Quickly quelled. Rodine Rat Poison lures Rats and Mice to their doom. Absolute ex- termination assured. Never fails. Prompt, perfect and permanent remedy. No failure, mese, or trouble. Kills millions annually. 6d, Is, 2s, 3s, 5s. Post 2d. HARLEY, Chemist, Perth.—Agents A. Breeze, Chemist, New- town; H. E. Ellis, Chemist, Llanfair; H. Payne, Chemist, Welshpool; H. Davies, Machynlletb. MONEY. | DEAR SIR or MADAM,—Are you requiring a prompt and Private Cash advance? If so, you cannot do better than write for my terms, free of charge. I lend .£10 and upwards at Lowest Interest and Payments, upon Note-of-Hand, or on Policies, Deeds, etc. You can rely upon straight dealings and strict privacy. Write at once (in strict confidence) to F. W. HUGHES, "Silver- dale," 63, Kingswood-road, Moseley, Birmingham. CLARKE'S 841 PILLS m warranted to cure, in either sex, all acquired or 00De lIIftational Discharges from the Urinary Organs, Gravel, 8D4 Pains in the back. Free from Mercury. Established apwards of 40 yean. In boxes 6& 84* each, of all Chemists and Patent Medicine ttoonghoot the Woild, or sent tor sixty stamps by the makers. The liwfii Mirihafl Omatim Bivf Cocqpuy. H»nh 1 — —cm TO AIL IS TO FAIL Health is the mainspring of action. Without it you falter and fail and make poor success of things generally. With- out health you are at a disadvantage com* mercially, socially and intellectually. Health establishes purpose, energy, concentration, and accomplishment. Be healthy. Remember that loss of energy means loss of business acumen. To ail means to fail. The surest means of warding off ailments and of providing against any loss of vigour is to take an occasional dose of :13cbanr fills They are famous the world over for their excellent effect upon the stomach, liver, and other organs of digestion. If you are suffering in any way from digestive trouble you will be well advised to give them a trial. They will quickly and surely give tone to the system, restore the appetite, bring back Health, Strength, and Energy, and in the battle of life will HELP YOU TO PREVAIL. Prepared only by Thomas Beeeham, St. Helens, Lancashire. Sold everywhere in boxes, price I/li (56 pills) & 2/9 (168 pills). .■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 1

corn or from the stubbles, there is not nearly enough food to be casually obtained, and farm- ers' fowls need daily feeding almost as much as those kept by other people. Yet few farmers feed their poultry thus. In the regular feeding and the giving of proper food for egg produc- tion, especially in winter, the vast majority of ordinary farmers fail as much as they do in the proper breeding of their poultry." EGGS FOR HATCHING. A larger percentage of strong and vigor- ous chickens are produced if eggs are placed in the incubator or under the hen, according to. the system of hatching adopted, within a day or so of their having been laid. Stale eggs never hatch so well, while the chickens are usually considerably less healthy, and consequently more difficult to rear. The other extreme must be avoided, since it is inadvisable to set the eggs until they are eighteen hours old, in order to allow the contents to settle. As soon after this as possible, however, they should be set. It sometimes happens, of course, that it is not convenient to deal with the eggs at once. When filling an incubator, several days must elapse before one has sufficient eggs to fill the drawer. When they have to be kept they should be placed in a room where the temperature is fairly equable, and where it registers about 50 degrees Fahr. The eggs should, moveover, be turned once a day, and the turning should be done from side to side, not end over end. On no account must the eggs be sub- jected to sudden shocks or jars, for this has a very injurious effect, frequently re- sulting in deformed chickens. Before placing in the incubator or under the hen, the eggs should be washed, for dirty eggs do not hatch so well as those that are clean. POULTRY IN WALES. (By E. T. Brown). Wales is pre-eminently a country for poultry-keepers. It was a land of small holdings ages before county councils were dreamed of, and, being so, is most adapta- ble for poultry culture in any form. The mildness of the climate is such that snow seldom lies below the 700 feet line, except in the interior, and the country being hilly and the soil light, drainage is naturally good. From evidence collected from time to time, I have been convinced that, within reasonable limits, poultry can be run on the small moorland farms of Wales with great success. Range is, of course, un- limited, and the air lacks the humidity of the valleys. There are flocks of layers owned by shepherds and others at an alti- tude of 1,500 feet that do remarkably well, and that are often laying when those in the valley are not doing so. To some extent I think this is due to maize feeding-that being the usual diet-which suits birds that altitude, whereas it has just the op- posite effect upon those lower down. But the fact remains that these Welsh highlands might be enormously productive to the poultry-keeper. His grazing would thereby be improved beyond his brightest hopes, and the flocks of geese which might also be run on such land-these being marketed early for preference, as the cart- age of food is heavy under such conditions- where not a single feather is now seen, could surely compare at least favourably with those of the colder climate of our eastern coasts. MANURE CARTING. Now that the pastures are eaten more closely off, dung may be applied to poor fields. Young clover, too, which is often frost-bitten, will be helped now and stimu- lated in the spring by a dressing of short manure. Roll well before putting on, and a great crop may be expected. Basic slag is the only artificial manure that can be put on to advantage at this season. November is our favourite month for the work we do not object to December, but we make a law against sowing later. It is cheap and profitable, if given a chance. Anticipate frost and give additional and efficient protection to all stored roots. Pro- tect swedes and turnips for late feeding eat off cabbage, but reserve kale. All corn is now in as fit a state for threshing as it will attain. Markets must be closely studied as to the profitable time to sell. The perfect or in. ferior condition of the samples is sugges- tive of what may be expected the much- soiled will not meet a good market at any season. Home consumption should be thought of. Sugar beet will figure as a crop requiring attention in future cultiva- tions. Preparations should begin now by select- ing a clean, hearty field and ploughing it nine or ten inches deep. This will be the foundation of interesting developments. We would have all try a patch of more or less size, as it can be fallen back on as the most nutritious of all feeding roots failure in sugar-making would not entail a loss of the crop. This is really true and an induce- ment to growers. WORKING BROOD MARES. An Old Breeder" writesWe have lately been favoured with shoals of articles and paragraphs on the working of oxen and even milking cows, and these have shown much difference of opinion on the merits of that system. Everybody does not think alike on that any more than on many other questions,and there are different ways of dealing with brood mares, each of which possesses strong advocates. My own system never varied, but I do not say it was the best possible. We always worked our mares regularly up till the very time of foaling, and then turned them into pasture with their foals for a complete sum- mer's rest. It always seemed to me a rather expensive method, and I know we sadly missed^ the mare's services, but it was the custom of the district, and I followed it. I have now before me a letter from a prac- tical farmer, who claims to have done much better. He works his mare both before and after foaling, and states that his foals do not suffer by the practice. By the time these are a month old they will eat oats out of a box themselves, and at four months they are broken to halter and will eat as well as older horses. By accustoming them from the first to shift for themselves during the day, they are saved from the check which must ensue when suddenly weaned in the autumn. I think this plan far pre- ferable to that of letting the foals run by the side of their dams while at work in the fields.

calf receiving the milk oftener, in smaller quantities, and always at the same temperature; there is also less labour entailed. Whatever the system adopted, the calf should always receive the colostrum as its first food, for it is this milk which contains certain chemical properties necessary to the vitality and growth of the calf. A calf fed on an average of 2\ 2 gallons of milk per day will be ready for sale as veal in about nine weeks, having put on lib. of flesh for every gallon of milk consumed.